1
|
Olayinka JT, Nagarkar A, Ma DJ, Wong NB, Romasco A, Piedra-Mora C, Wrijil L, David CN, Gardner HL, Robinson NA, Hughes KL, Barton B, London CA, Almela RM, Richmond JM. Cathepsin W, T-cell receptor-associated transmembrane adapter 1, lymphotactin and killer cell lectin like receptor K1 are sensitive and specific RNA biomarkers of canine epitheliotropic lymphoma. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1225764. [PMID: 38026637 PMCID: PMC10654980 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1225764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an uncommon type of lymphoma involving malignant skin-resident or skin-homing T cells. Canine epitheliotropic lymphoma (EL) is the most common form of CTCL in dogs, and it also spontaneously arises from T lymphocytes in the mucosa and skin. Clinically, it can be difficult to distinguish early-stage CTCLs apart from other forms of benign interface dermatitis (ID) in both dogs and people. Our objective was to identify novel biomarkers that can distinguish EL from other forms of ID, and perform comparative transcriptomics of human CTCL and canine EL. Here, we present a retrospective gene expression study that employed archival tissue from biorepositories. We analyzed a discovery cohort of 6 canines and a validation cohort of 8 canines with EL which occurred spontaneously in client-owned companion dogs. We performed comparative targeted transcriptomics studies using NanoString to assess 160 genes from lesional skin biopsies from the discovery cohort and 800 genes from the validation cohort to identify any significant differences that may reflect oncogenesis and immunopathogenesis. We further sought to determine if gene expression in EL and CTCL are conserved across humans and canines by comparing our data to previously published human datasets. Similar chemokine profiles were observed in dog EL and human CTCL, and analyses were performed to validate potential biomarkers and drivers of disease. In dogs, we found enrichment of T cell gene signatures, with upregulation of IFNG, TNF, PRF1, IL15, CD244, CXCL10, and CCL5 in EL in dogs compared to healthy controls. Importantly, CTSW, TRAT1 and KLRK1 distinguished EL from all other forms of interface dermatitis we studied, providing much-needed biomarkers for the veterinary field. XCL1/XCL2 were also highly specific of EL in our validation cohort. Future studies exploring the oncogenesis of spontaneous lymphomas in companion animals will expand our understanding of these disorders. Biomarkers may be useful for predicting disease prognosis and treatment responses. We plan to use our data to inform future development of targeted therapies, as well as for repurposing drugs for both veterinary and human medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jadesola Temitope Olayinka
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- SUNY Downstate School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Akanksha Nagarkar
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Diana Junyue Ma
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Neil B. Wong
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Andrew Romasco
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Cesar Piedra-Mora
- Pathology Department, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Linda Wrijil
- Pathology Department, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | | | - Heather L. Gardner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Robinson
- Pathology Department, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Kelly L. Hughes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Bruce Barton
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Cheryl A. London
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Ramón M. Almela
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, United States
| | - Jillian M. Richmond
- Department of Dermatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zeller T, Münnich IA, Windisch R, Hilger P, Schewe DM, Humpe A, Kellner C. Perspectives of targeting LILRB1 in innate and adaptive immune checkpoint therapy of cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1240275. [PMID: 37781391 PMCID: PMC10533923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1240275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade is a compelling approach in tumor immunotherapy. Blocking inhibitory pathways in T cells has demonstrated clinical efficacy in different types of cancer and may hold potential to also stimulate innate immune responses. A novel emerging potential target for immune checkpoint therapy is leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 (LILRB1). LILRB1 belongs to the superfamily of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors and exerts inhibitory functions. The receptor is expressed by a variety of immune cells including macrophages as well as certain cytotoxic lymphocytes and contributes to the regulation of different immune responses by interaction with classical as well as non-classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules. LILRB1 has gained increasing attention as it has been demonstrated to function as a phagocytosis checkpoint on macrophages by recognizing HLA class I, which represents a 'Don't Eat Me!' signal that impairs phagocytic uptake of cancer cells, similar to CD47. The specific blockade of the HLA class I:LILRB1 axis may provide an option to promote phagocytosis by macrophages and also to enhance cytotoxic functions of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Currently, LILRB1 specific antibodies are in different stages of pre-clinical and clinical development. In this review, we introduce LILRB1 and highlight the features that make this immune checkpoint a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Zeller
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ira A. Münnich
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Windisch
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia Hilger
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Denis M. Schewe
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Humpe
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Kellner
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Souza BMB, De Vito FB, Calado ML, Silva MV, Oliveira LR, Rodrigues-Júnior V, Moraes-Souza H. Evaluation of the cytotoxic response mediated by perforin and granzyme B in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:214-220. [PMID: 28679297 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1341978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study quantified the perforin and granzyme B in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) at the time of diagnosis. Protein quantification was performed by flow cytometry. NHL patients had a higher number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) expressing perforin as well as a greater number of activated CTLs than the control group. However, intracellular perforin levels in natural killer cells were lower in the NHL patients compared to the control group. Quantitative real time PCR showed that patients had more expression of perforin and granzyme B transcripts compared to the control group. In addition, patients who had expression of both genes below the median found for the NHL group had lower survival rates. Considering this, we believe that perforin and granzyme B are potential prognostic markers in NHL and thus it is fundamental to pay attention to their expressions in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Maria Bereta Souza
- a Disciplina de Hematologia e Hemoterapia , Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | | | - Marianna Licati Calado
- a Disciplina de Hematologia e Hemoterapia , Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius Silva
- b Disciplina de Imunologia , Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | | | | | - Helio Moraes-Souza
- a Disciplina de Hematologia e Hemoterapia , Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Robson A, Assaf C, Bagot M, Burg G, Calonje E, Castillo C, Cerroni L, Chimenti N, Dechelotte P, Franck F, Geerts M, Gellrich S, Goodlad J, Kempf W, Knobler R, Massone C, Meijer C, Ortiz P, Petrella T, Pimpinelli N, Roewert J, Russell-Jones R, Santucci M, Steinhoff M, Sterry W, Wechsler J, Whittaker S, Willemze R, Berti E. Aggressive epidermotropic cutaneous CD8+ lymphoma: a cutaneous lymphoma with distinct clinical and pathological features. Report of an EORTC Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force Workshop. Histopathology 2015; 67:425-41. [PMID: 24438036 DOI: 10.1111/his.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aggressive epidermotropic cutaneous CD8(+) lymphoma is currently afforded provisional status in the WHO classification of lymphomas. An EORTC Workshop was convened to describe in detail the features of this putative neoplasm and evaluate its nosological status with respect to other cutaneous CD8(+) lymphomas. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-one CD8(+) cases were analysed at the workshop; clinical details, often with photographs, histological sections, immunohistochemical results, treatment and patient outcome were discussed and recorded. Eighteen cases had distinct features and conformed to the diagnosis of aggressive epidermotropic cutaneous CD8(+) lymphoma. The patients typically present with widespread plaques and tumours, often ulcerated and haemorrhagic, and histologically have striking pagetoid epidermotrophism. A CD8(+) /CD45RA(+) /CD45RO(-) /CD2(-) /CD5(-) /CD56(-) phenotype, with one or more cytotoxic markers, was found in seven of 18 patients, with a very similar phenotype in the remainder. The tumours seldom involve lymph nodes, but mucosal and central nervous system involvement are not uncommon. The prognosis is poor, with a median survival of 12 months. Examples of CD8(+) mycosis fungoides, lymphomatoid papulosis and Woringer-Kolopp disease presented the typical features well documented in the CD4(+) forms of those diseases. CONCLUSIONS Aggressive epidermotropic cutaneous CD8(+) lymphoma is a distinct lymphoma that warrants inclusion as a distinct entity in future revisions of lymphoma classifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chalid Assaf
- Department of Dermatology, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martine Bagot
- Department of Pathology, Universite Paris, Paris, France
| | - Gunter Burg
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Cerroni
- Department of Dermatology Medical, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicola Chimenti
- Department of Dermatology, University of L'Aquila, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierre Dechelotte
- Department of Pathology, University of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederic Franck
- Department of Pathology, University of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maria Geerts
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - Sylke Gellrich
- Department of Dermatology, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - John Goodlad
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Werner Kempf
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Knobler
- Department of Dermatology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cesare Massone
- Department of Dermatology Medical, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Chris Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Hospital Universitario, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tony Petrella
- Departmentof Pathology, Dijon's University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Nicola Pimpinelli
- Division of Dermatology, University of Florence Medical School, Florence, Italy
| | - Joclim Roewert
- Department of Dermatology, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marco Santucci
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mattias Steinhoff
- Department of Dermatology, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sterry
- Department of Dermatology, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Wechsler
- Department of Pathology Henri-Mondor Hospital, University Paris-Val-de-Marne, Paris, France
| | | | - Rein Willemze
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Emilio Berti
- Department of Dermatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Joeckel LT, Bird PI. Blessing or curse? Proteomics in granzyme research. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:351-81. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201300096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
6
|
Liapis K, Clear A, Owen A, Coutinho R, Greaves P, Lee AM, Montoto S, Calaminici M, Gribben JG. The microenvironment of AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell lymphoma provides insight into the pathophysiology and indicates possible therapeutic strategies. Blood. 2013;122:424-433. [PMID: 23652804 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-03-488171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), AIDS-related lymphoma remains common. We investigated the tumor, microenvironment, and viral components in 41 AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (AR-DLBCLs) in the pre- and post-HAART era. The outcome has improved and the frequency of the prognostically unfavorable immunoblastic histology has decreased after HAART. Compared with sporadic cases, AR-DLBCL demonstrated increased hyperproliferation (P < .001) and c-Myc rearrangements, reduced CD4(+) (P < .001) and FOXP3(+) T cells (P < .001), increased activated cytotoxic cells (P < .001), but no difference in tumor-associated macrophages. Our analysis showed that AR-DLBCL is highly angiogenic with higher blood-vessel density than sporadic cases (P < .001) and highlighted the role of Epstein-Barr virus in angiogenesis. We recognized viral profiles and as a second step examined the reactive cytotoxic cell infiltrates. Our observation of markedly higher numbers of cytotoxic cells in AR-DLBCL with LMP1 and/or p24 compared with cases lacking viral antigens (P < .001) has important clinical implications, implicitly linked to the immunosurveillance theory. Whereas early initiation of HAART should improve immunosurveillance and reduce the incidence of LMP1-positive AR-DLBCL, cases without viral antigens appear able to avoid immunologic reaction and likely require additional strategies to improve surveillance.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kempf W, Kazakov DV, Cozzio A, Kamarashev J, Kerl K, Plaza T, Metze D. Primary Cutaneous CD8+ Small- to Medium-Sized Lymphoproliferative Disorder in Extrafacial Sites: Clinicopathologic Features and Concept on Their Classification. Am J Dermatopathol 2013; 35:159-66. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0b013e31825c3a33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
8
|
Kato S, Takahashi E, Asano N, Tanaka T, Megahed N, Kinoshita T, Nakamura S. Nodal cytotoxic molecule (CM)-positive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL): a clinicopathological study of 26 cases. Histopathology 2012; 61:186-99. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2012.04199.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
9
|
Ortonne N, Le Gouvello S, Tabak R, Marie-Cardine A, Setiao J, Berrehar F, Nghe-Tang A, Martin N, Bagot M, Bensussan A. CD158k/KIR3DL2 and NKp46 are frequently expressed in transformed mycosis fungoides. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:461-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01489.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reka Tabak
- Department of Dermatology, Semmelweis Egyetem Borgyogyaszati Klinika; Budapest; Hungary
| | | | - Julie Setiao
- Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier, Henri Mondor Hospital; Créteil; France
| | - François Berrehar
- Department of Biological Immunology, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier, Henri Mondor Hospital; Créteil; France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Pleomorphic small/medium-sized cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is a recently recognized rare type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma which is clinicopathologically different from mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. By definition the phenotype of the neoplastic lymphocytes in pleomorphic small/medium-sized cutaneous CD3CD4CD8 but CD8 pleomorphic small/medium sized cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cases have been occasionally described. We describe a 55-year-old female with a pruritic erythematous nodule on the lateral aspect of her right foot present for 1.5 years. Histology revealed a nonepidermotropic lichenoid infiltrate in the papillary dermis and a patchy infiltrate in the mid and lower dermis composed of small to medium-sized pleomorphic lymphocytes. The immunophenotype of these lymphocytes was CD3CD4CD8TIA-1. Staining for CD20, CD30, CD56, TdT, and LMP1 were negative, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was 5% to 10%. Gene rearrangement studies demonstrated a T-cell clone. The laboratory and imaging workup did not reveal extracutaneous involvement. The lesion was treated by local irradiation but a follow-up biopsy demonstrated only partial remission. Consequently, the lesion was treated by surgical excision.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Biopsy
- CD8 Antigens/analysis
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Immunophenotyping
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/radiotherapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/surgery
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/radiotherapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/surgery
- Middle Aged
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Skin Neoplasms/surgery
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Khamaysi
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Medical Center and the Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Asano N, Suzuki R, Kagami Y, Ishida F, Kitamura K, Fukutani H, Morishima Y, Takeuchi K, Nakamura S. Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance of Cytotoxic Molecule Expression in Nodal Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Unspecified. Am J Surg Pathol 2005; 29:1284-93. [PMID: 16160469 DOI: 10.1097/01.pas.0000173238.17331.6b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic molecules (CMs) are apoptosis-inducing molecules that are present in azurophilic cytoplasmic granules of T lymphocytes. Expression of TIA-1 and granzyme B was examined for 100 cases of nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL-U) to assess clinicopathologic significance of CM. Forty-one were positive for at least one CM. Patients with CM-positive PTCL-U showed younger onset (median, 55 years vs. 64 years, P = 0.01) and less male predominance (male:female ratio, 21:20 vs. 44:15, P = 0.02). CM-positive PTCL-U was significantly associated with several clinical factors to indicate poor prognosis, in comparison with CM-negative PTCL-U, such as poorer performance status (P = 0.006), more frequent B-symptoms (68% vs. 35%, P = 0.002), higher serum lactate dehydrogenase levels (P = 0.003), and more frequent extranodal involvement, particularly bone marrow involvement (33% vs. 9%, P = 0.004). Epstein-Barr virus was mostly found in CM-positive PTCL-U (51% vs. 2%, P < 0.0001). The CM-positive group showed higher distribution of the International Prognostic Index (P = 0.009) and the Prognostic Index for T-cell lymphoma (P = 0.004) scores than CM-negative group. Complete remission rate was 30% for the former but 63% for the latter. Overall survival of CM-positive PTCL-U was significantly lower than that of CM-negative patients (P = 0.004). Multivariate analyses confirmed that CM expression is a significant prognostic factor, independent from other clinical factors or prognostic index scores. These findings suggest that nodal CM-positive PTCL-U show distinct clinicopathologic characteristics among the current category of PTCL-U.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Asano
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors [LILRs, also known as Ig-like transcripts (ILTs)] are a family of inhibitory and stimulatory receptors encoded within the leukocyte receptor complex and are expressed by immune cell types of both myeloid and lymphoid lineage. Several members of the LILR family recognize major histocompatibility complex class I. The immunomodulatory role of LILR receptors indicates that they may exert an influence on signaling pathways of both innate and adaptive immune systems. LILR activity can also influence the antigen-presenting properties of macrophages and dendritic cells and may thus play a role in T-cell tolerance. The wide-ranging effects of LILR signaling on immune cell activity imply that these receptors are likely to play an important role in a range of clinical situations including pregnancy, transplantation, and arthritis (including the human leukocyte antigen B27-associated spondyloarthropathies). In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the nature and function of LILRs, focusing on their regulation of immune cell activity and their potential role in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Brown
- Immunology Division, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bekkenk MW, Jansen PM, Meijer CJLM, Willemze R. CD56+ hematological neoplasms presenting in the skin: a retrospective analysis of 23 new cases and 130 cases from the literature. Ann Oncol 2004; 15:1097-108. [PMID: 15205205 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdh268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to define prognostic parameters and guidelines for diagnosis and treatment for CD56+ hematological neoplasms with first presentation in the skin. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study group included 153 cases (23 new and 130 from the literature). According to the World Health Organization classification, the group included 15 nasal and 38 nasal-type natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas, 63 blastic NK-cell lymphomas, 14 cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferations, 10 cases of myeloid leukemia, six cases of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SCPLTCL) and seven peripheral T-cell lymphomas, unspecified. RESULTS In general, these CD56+ hematological neoplasms had a poor prognosis, with only 27% of patients alive after a median follow-up of 12 months. The median survival was 13 months. Nasal and nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphomas and CD56+ SCPLTCL had the worst prognosis, with a median survival of 5, 6 and 5 months, respectively. Only nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphomas presenting with only skin lesions had a somewhat better prognosis (median survival 27 months). In blastic NK-cell lymphomas (median survival 14 months), age </=40 years, aggressive treatment with acute leukemia protocols and high TdT expression were associated with a more favorable prognosis. Striking similarities in histology, immunophenotype, clinical presentation and clinical behavior were found between blastic NK-cell lymphomas and CD56+ myeloid leukemias. CONCLUSIONS CD56+ hematological neoplasms presenting in the skin have a poor prognosis, except for primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferations. The striking similarities between blastic NK-cell lymphomas and CD56+ myeloid leukemias presenting in the skin provide a rationale to treat these patients with more aggressive regimens, rather than with CHOP(-like) regimens and radiotherapy, which have proven to be inadequate therapies for this neoplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M W Bekkenk
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Takeshita M, Okamura S, Oshiro Y, Imayama S, Okamoto S, Matsuki Y, Nakashima Y, Okamura T, Shiratsuchi M, Hayashi T, Kikuchi M. Clinicopathologic differences between 22 cases of CD56-negative and CD56-positive subcutaneous panniculitis-like lymphoma in Japan. Hum Pathol 2004; 35:231-9. [PMID: 14991542 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2003.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CD56 is an important marker for prospecting clinicopathologic features of cytotoxic T-cell and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas. We examined 22 cases of subcutaneous panniculitis-like lymphoma and classified these into CD56-positive and CD56-negative groups. The 11 CD56-negative cases were mainly in the younger age group and had systemic subcutaneous nodules without ulceration. They exhibited subcutaneous invasion by medium-sized lymphoma cells, scattered erythrophagocytosis, patchy necrosis, and little tumor invasion in the superficial dermis. Their lymphoma cells had characteristics of CD3 epsilon-, CD8-, TcR beta F1-, T-cell intracellular antigen (TIA)1-, and granenzyme B-positive cytotoxic T cells and were negative for apoptosis-promoting proteins CD95 (Fas), Bax, CPP32 (caspase 3), and p53 (DO7). Ten patients were alive despite clinical signs of hemophagocytic syndrome and relapses in 7 cases. The 11 CD56-positive cases had systemic ulcerative skin tumors composed of pleomorphic lymphoma cells with massive necrosis and little erythrophagocytosis involving the subcutis and also often the whole dermis. Their tumor cells were positive for CD3 epsilon, TIA1, granenzyme B, CD95, CD95L (Fas ligand), Bax, and CPP32. Three cases were of the TcR beta F1-positive phenotype, 1 was of the TcR gamma/delta-positive T-cell phenotype, and 6 were of the TcR beta F1- and TcR gamma/delta-negative NK/T-cell phenotype. Six cases were p53 (DO7) positive. Seven cases had complications of liver dysfunction and cytopenia, and 8 died of disease. One CD56-negative case and 3 CD56-positive cases had nuclear signals of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in their lymphoma cells. The 2 groups had significantly (P <0.01) different prognoses by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods. Patients with CD56-negative and CD56-positive groups had statistically different clinicopathologic, immunohistologic, and functional findings and prognoses.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antigens, Surface/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- CD56 Antigen/analysis
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Japan
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leukemia, T-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma/complications
- Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Lymphoma/immunology
- Lymphoma/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Panniculitis/complications
- Panniculitis/drug therapy
- Panniculitis/immunology
- Panniculitis/pathology
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prognosis
- Treatment Outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morishige Takeshita
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Research Institute, National Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Despite well-defined and immunogenic tumor antigens, and even in the presence of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic cells, the immune system does not appear to be very effective in eradicating cells that have undergone malignant transformation. Tumor cells, even though invading and representing a threat, are not truly "foreign" but autologous cells that have become transformed in a subtle way, enabling them to escape the host immune system. Melanoma, and to less extent nonmelanoma, skin cancers have developed different strategies to circumvent host immunosurveillance. HLA-G is one of the molecules implicated in cancer immunescape. This review will concentrate on induction and expression of this nonclassical class I molecule in different skin cancer types presenting existing experimental evidence on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Urosevic
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Primary cutaneous lymphomas constitute a spectrum of diseases characterized by a clonal accumulation of lymphocytes in the skin. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas of the cytotoxic phenotype, including CD8+ and CD56+ lymphomas, are rare entities that have only been recently recognized and characterized. These lymphomas often show an aggressive clinical course. We investigated the expression of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in conjunction with expression of HLA-G killer-cell inhibitory receptor ligand immunoglobulin-like transcript 2 (ILT2) in 3 CD56+CD4+ and 4 CD8+ cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. HLA-G expression was detected in 2 of 3 lymphomas of the CD56+CD4+ type and in all lymphomas of CD8+ type. It is of note that CD56+CD4+ lymphomas displayed stronger HLA-G reactivity. The expression of IL-10 matched the expression of HLA-G. Together with the expression of IL-10, HLA-G might be one of the factors accounting for the evasion of immunosurveillance, thus contributing to aggressive phenotype of these lymphoma entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Urosevic
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Santucci M, Pimpinelli N, Massi D, Kadin ME, Meijer CJLM, Müller-Hermelink HK, Paulli M, Wechsler J, Willemze R, Audring H, Bernengo MG, Cerroni L, Chimenti S, Chott A, Díaz-Pérez JL, Dippel E, Duncan LM, Feller AC, Geerts ML, Hallermann C, Kempf W, Russell-Jones R, Sander C, Berti E. Cytotoxic/natural killer cell cutaneous lymphomas. Report of EORTC Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force Workshop. Cancer 2003; 97:610-27. [PMID: 12548603 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.11107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous lymphomas expressing a cytotoxic or natural killer (NK) cell phenotype represent a group of lymphoproliferative disorders for which there is currently much confusion and little consensus regarding the best nomenclature and classification. METHODS This study analyzes 48 cases of primary cutaneous lymphoma expressing cytotoxic proteins and/or the NK cell marker, CD56. These cases were collected for a workshop of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force, to better clarify the clinical, morphologic, and phenotypic features of these uncommon tumors. RESULTS Several categories with different clinical and pathologic features were delineated: 1) aggressive, CD8+, epidermotropic, cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma; 2) mycosis fungoides, cytotoxic immunophenotype variant; 3) subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma; 4) NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type; 5) CD4+, NK cell lymphoma; 6) blastoid NK cell lymphoma; (7) intravascular NK-like lymphoma; and 8) cytotoxic, peripheral T-cell lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that primary cutaneous cytotoxic/NK cell lymphomas include distinct groups of diseases, clinically, histologically, and biologically. Because the finding of a cytotoxic phenotype often has prognostic significance, the routine use of cytotoxic markers in the diagnosis and classification of cutaneous lymphomas should be expanded.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD56 Antigen/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lymphoma/classification
- Lymphoma/immunology
- Lymphoma/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/classification
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/classification
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/pathology
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Mycosis Fungoides/immunology
- Mycosis Fungoides/pathology
- Panniculitis/immunology
- Panniculitis/pathology
- Phenotype
- Poly(A)-Binding Proteins
- Proteins
- RNA-Binding Proteins/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/classification
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- T-Cell Intracellular Antigen-1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Santucci
- Department of Human Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence Medical School, Florence, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Urosevic M, Willers J, Mueller B, Kempf W, Burg G, Dummer R. HLA-G protein up-regulation in primary cutaneous lymphomas is associated with interleukin-10 expression in large cell T-cell lymphomas and indolent B-cell lymphomas. Blood 2002; 99:609-17. [PMID: 11781245 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v99.2.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cutaneous lymphomas (CLs) constitute a spectrum of diseases characterized by a clonal accumulation of lymphocytes in the skin. Most CLs display a T(h)2 cytokine profile, including expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10). Because the up-regulation of HLA-G, a nonclassical class Ib molecule inducible by IL-10, might account for the immunescape of the malignant clone, HLA-G and IL-10 expression has been investigated in 45 cases of primary CL (10 of B-cell and 35 of T-cell origin) with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry. HLA-G message was present in all cutaneous B-cell (CBCL) and T-cell (CTCL) lymphomas evaluated. Immunohistochemistry revealed HLA-G protein expression in 23 (51%) of 45 cases (7 of 10 CBCL, 16 of 35 CTCL). While in CBCL mostly indolent types displayed HLA-G positivity, in CTCL HLA-G expression was associated with high-grade histology and advanced stage of the disease. Except for neoplastic and infiltrating lymphocytes, other cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells showed HLA-G immunoreactivity. Furthermore, IL-10 protein expression was demonstrated in 16 (73%) of 22 HLA-G(+) cases, which correlated with HLA-G protein presence (P <.001). HLA-G up-regulation together with IL-10 expression in CL might additionally contribute to the evasion of immunosurveillance and facilitate the transition from low- to high-grade lymphomas.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Computer Systems
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HLA Antigens/biosynthesis
- HLA Antigens/genetics
- HLA-G Antigens
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/biosynthesis
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Immunologic Surveillance
- Interleukin-10/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/genetics
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/immunology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Skin/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Urosevic
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|