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Martyn GE, Quinlan KGR, Crossley M. The regulation of human globin promoters by CCAAT box elements and the recruitment of NF-Y. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1860:525-536. [PMID: 27718361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CCAAT boxes are motifs found within the proximal promoter of many genes, including the human globin genes. The highly conserved nature of CCAAT box motifs within the promoter region of both α-like and β-like globin genes emphasises the functional importance of the CCAAT sequence in globin gene regulation. Mutations within the β-globin CCAAT box result in β-thalassaemia, while mutations within the distal γ-globin CCAAT box cause the Hereditary Persistence of Foetal Haemoglobin, a benign condition which results in continued γ-globin expression during adult life. Understanding the transcriptional regulation of the globin genes is of particular interest, as reactivating the foetal γ-globin gene alleviates the symptoms of β-thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia. NF-Y is considered to be the primary activating transcription factor which binds to globin CCAAT box motifs. Here we review recruitment of NF-Y to globin CCAAT boxes and the role NF-Y plays in regulating globin gene expression. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Nuclear Factor Y in Development and Disease, edited by Prof. Roberto Mantovani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella E Martyn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kate G R Quinlan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Merlin Crossley
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia.
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2
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Antontseva EV, Matveeva MY, Bondar NP, Kashina EV, Leberfarb EY, Bryzgalov LO, Gervas PA, Ponomareva AA, Cherdyntseva NV, Orlov YL, Merkulova TI. Regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms at the beginning of intron 2 of the human KRAS gene. J Biosci 2016; 40:873-83. [PMID: 26648033 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-015-9567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There are two regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (rSNPs) at the beginning of the second intron of the mouse K-ras gene that are strongly associated with lung cancer susceptibility. We performed functional analysis of three SNPs (rs12228277: T greater than A, rs12226937: G greater than A, and rs61761074: T greater than G) located in the same region of human KRAS. We found that rs12228277 and rs61761074 result in differential binding patterns of lung nuclear proteins to oligonucleotide probes corresponding two alternative alleles; in both cases, the transcription factor NF-Y is involved. G greater than A substitution (rs12226937) had no effect on the binding of lung nuclear proteins. However, all the nucleotide substitutions under study showed functional effects in a luciferase reporter assay. Among them, rs61761074 demonstrated a significant correlation with allele frequency in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Taken together, the results of our study suggest that a T greater than G substitution at nucleotide position 615 in the second intron of the KRAS gene (rs61761074) may represent a promising genetic marker of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Antontseva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentieva avenue 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
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3
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Ponomarenko M, Rasskazov D, Arkova O, Ponomarenko P, Suslov V, Savinkova L, Kolchanov N. How to Use SNP_TATA_Comparator to Find a Significant Change in Gene Expression Caused by the Regulatory SNP of This Gene's Promoter via a Change in Affinity of the TATA-Binding Protein for This Promoter. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:359835. [PMID: 26516624 PMCID: PMC4609514 DOI: 10.1155/2015/359835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomedical SNP markers of diseases can improve effectiveness of treatment. Genotyping of patients with subsequent searching for SNPs more frequent than in norm is the only commonly accepted method for identification of SNP markers within the framework of translational research. The bioinformatics applications aimed at millions of unannotated SNPs of the "1000 Genomes" can make this search for SNP markers more focused and less expensive. We used our Web service involving Fisher's Z-score for candidate SNP markers to find a significant change in a gene's expression. Here we analyzed the change caused by SNPs in the gene's promoter via a change in affinity of the TATA-binding protein for this promoter. We provide examples and discuss how to use this bioinformatics application in the course of practical analysis of unannotated SNPs from the "1000 Genomes" project. Using known biomedical SNP markers, we identified 17 novel candidate SNP markers nearby: rs549858786 (rheumatoid arthritis); rs72661131 (cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis); rs562962093 (stroke); rs563558831 (cyclophosphamide bioactivation); rs55878706 (malaria resistance, leukopenia), rs572527200 (asthma, systemic sclerosis, and psoriasis), rs371045754 (hemophilia B), rs587745372 (cardiovascular events); rs372329931, rs200209906, rs367732974, and rs549591993 (all four: cancer); rs17231520 and rs569033466 (both: atherosclerosis); rs63750953, rs281864525, and rs34166473 (all three: malaria resistance, thalassemia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Rasskazov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga Arkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Petr Ponomarenko
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Valentin Suslov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ludmila Savinkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nikolay Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Li Z, Li L, Yao Y, Li N, Li Y, Zhang Z, Yan F, Qiu H, Wu C, Zhang Z. A novel promoter mutation (HBB: c.-75G>T) was identified as a cause of β(+)-thalassemia. Hemoglobin 2015; 39:115-20. [PMID: 25657036 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2014.1002844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel β-globin gene promoter mutation in a Chinese family identified using fluorescence resolution melting curve analysis and gene sequencing. The proband, who showed the phenotype of β-thalassemia intermedia (β-TI), was found to be a compound heterozygote for the novel mutation -25 (G>T) (HBB: c.-75G>T) and a codon 17 (HBB: c.52A>T) mutation. Moreover, conservation analysis using phyloP and phastCons indicated that the mutated base in the proband was conserved. This novel point mutation on the β-globin gene is in close proximity to the conserved ATAA sequence located at position -25 relative to the mRNA Cap site. We performed a further comparative analysis of the clinical phenotypes and hematological parameters in this pedigree and found that the father was a carrier of the novel point mutation and showed low levels of hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular Hb (MCH). Thus, the available evidence suggests that this novel mutation, -25, results in β(+)-thalassemia (β(+)-thal).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyong Li
- Biological Experiment Center, the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
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Bryzgalov LO, Antontseva EV, Matveeva MY, Shilov AG, Kashina EV, Mordvinov VA, Merkulova TI. Detection of regulatory SNPs in human genome using ChIP-seq ENCODE data. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78833. [PMID: 24205329 PMCID: PMC3812152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A vast amount of SNPs derived from genome-wide association studies are represented by non-coding ones, therefore exacerbating the need for effective identification of regulatory SNPs (rSNPs) among them. However, this task remains challenging since the regulatory part of the human genome is annotated much poorly as opposed to coding regions. Here we describe an approach aggregating the whole set of ENCODE ChIP-seq data in order to search for rSNPs, and provide the experimental evidence of its efficiency. Its algorithm is based on the assumption that the enrichment of a genomic region with transcription factor binding loci (ChIP-seq peaks) indicates its regulatory function, and thereby SNPs located in this region are more likely to influence transcription regulation. To ensure that the approach preferably selects functionally meaningful SNPs, we performed enrichment analysis of several human SNP datasets associated with phenotypic manifestations. It was shown that all samples are significantly enriched with SNPs falling into the regions of multiple ChIP-seq peaks as compared with the randomly selected SNPs. For experimental verification, 40 SNPs falling into overlapping regions of at least 7 TF binding loci were selected from OMIM. The effect of SNPs on the binding of the DNA fragments containing them to the nuclear proteins from four human cell lines (HepG2, HeLaS3, HCT-116, and K562) has been tested by EMSA. A radical change in the binding pattern has been observed for 29 SNPs, besides, 6 more SNPs also demonstrated less pronounced changes. Taken together, the results demonstrate the effective way to search for potential rSNPs with the aid of ChIP-seq data provided by ENCODE project.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena V. Antontseva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SD RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Elena V. Kashina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SD RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | | | - Tatyana I. Merkulova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SD RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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Savinkova L, Drachkova I, Arshinova T, Ponomarenko P, Ponomarenko M, Kolchanov N. An experimental verification of the predicted effects of promoter TATA-box polymorphisms associated with human diseases on interactions between the TATA boxes and TATA-binding protein. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54626. [PMID: 23424617 PMCID: PMC3570547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human genome sequencing has resulted in a great body of data, including a stunningly large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with unknown phenotypic manifestations. Identification and comprehensive analysis of regulatory SNPs in human gene promoters will help quantify the effects of these SNPs on human health. Based on our experimental and computer-aided study of SNPs in TATA boxes and the use of literature data, we have derived an equation for TBP/TATA equilibrium binding in three successive steps: TATA-binding protein (TBP) sliding along DNA due to their nonspecific affinity for each other ↔ recognition of the TATA box ↔ stabilization of the TBP/TATA complex. Using this equation, we have analyzed TATA boxes containing SNPs associated with human diseases and made in silico predictions of changes in TBP/TATA affinity. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA)-based experimental study performed under the most standardized conditions demonstrates that the experimentally measured values are highly correlated with the predicted values: the coefficient of linear correlation, r, was 0.822 at a significance level of α<10⁻⁷ for equilibrium K(D) values, (-ln K(D)), and 0.785 at a significance level of α<10⁻³ for changes in equilibrium K(D) (δ) due to SNPs in the TATA boxes (δ= -ln[K(D,TATAMut)]-(-ln[K(D,TATAMut)])). It has been demonstrated that the SNPs associated with increased risk of human diseases such as α-, β- and δ-thalassemia, myocardial infarction and thrombophlebitis, changes in immune response, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lung cancer and hemophilia B Leyden cause 2-4-fold changes in TBP/TATA affinity in most cases. The results obtained strongly suggest that the TBP/TATA equilibrium binding equation derived can be used for analysis of TATA-box sequences and identification of SNPs with a potential of being functionally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Savinkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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7
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Drachkova IA, Ponomarenko PM, Arshinova TV, Ponomarenko МP, Suslov VV, Savinkova LK, Kolchanov NА. In vitro examining the existing prognoses how TBP binds to TATA with SNP associated with human diseases. Health (London) 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2011.39099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Griffon C, Joly P, Sénéchal A, Philit F, Francina A. Severe β-thalassemia intermedia in a compound heterozygous patient for the -30 (T>A) β(+)-thalassemia mutation and the δ(0)β(+)-Senegalese deletion. Hemoglobin 2010; 34:505-8. [PMID: 20854126 DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2010.509230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the clinical and biochemical studies of a patient initially diagnosed with β-thalassemia intermedia (β-TI), which, with age, has progressed to a severe transfusion-dependent form. The patient is a compound heterozygote for the -30 (T>A) β(+)-thalassemia (β(+)-thal) mutation and the rare δ(0)β(+)-Senegalese deletion. Many complications are reported as well as the specific treatments initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Griffon
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Edouard Herriot University Hospital, Lyon, France
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9
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Cadet E, Foulon K, Claisse JF, Rochette J. First Identification of a Point Mutation at Position −83 (G>A) of the β-Globin Gene Promoter. Hemoglobin 2009; 33:274-8. [DOI: 10.1080/03630260903081323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Abstract
The present study attempts to delineate the spectrum of beta-thalassemia (thal) mutations in Tunisia by studying a large population from different parts of the country. A total of 285 unrelated subjects, 190 of whom had beta-thal major, 72 with Hb S/beta-thal, one with Hb C/beta-thal, one with Hb O-Arab/beta-thal and 21 beta-thal carriers, were studied. The molecular defects were detected in 97.7% of the beta-thalassemic chromosomes (n=475). Nineteen different beta-thalassemic alleles were identified. Two mutations, namely codon 39 (C-->T) and IVS-I-110 (G-->A) accounted for 70.0% of the studied chromosomes, followed by IVS-I-1 (G-->A) (4.5%). Five other mutations, frameshift codon (FSC) 44 (-C), codon 30 (G-->C), IVS-I-2 (T-->G), IVS-II-745 (C-->G), and FSC 6 (-A), are not uncommon in this population, while the remaining 11 mutations, IVS-I-5 (G-->A), -30 (T-->A), codons 25/26 (+T), IVS-I-6 (T-->C), FSC 5 (-CT), IVS-II-848 (C-->A), FSC 8 (-AA), -87 (C-->G), IVS-I-5 (G-->C), IVS-II-1 (G-->A) and IVS-II-849 (A-->C) are quite rare; four of these have not been previously reported in the Tunisian population. Potential origin and spread of these mutations to Tunisia are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slaheddine Fattoum
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moleculaire, Hôpital d'Enfants, Tunis, Tunisie.
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12
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13
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Ponomarenko PM, Ponomarenko MP, Drachkova IA, Lysova MV, Arshinova TV, Savinkova LK, Kolchanov NA. Prediction of the affinity of the TATA-binding protein to TATA boxes with single nucleotide polymorphisms. Mol Biol 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893309030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Savinkova LK, Ponomarenko MP, Ponomarenko PM, Drachkova IA, Lysova MV, Arshinova TV, Kolchanov NA. TATA box polymorphisms in human gene promoters and associated hereditary pathologies. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2009; 74:117-29. [PMID: 19267666 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297909020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
TATA-binding protein (TBP) is the first basal factor that recognizes and binds a TATA box on TATA-containing gene promoters transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Data available in the literature are indicative of admissible variability of the TATA box. The TATA box flanking sequences can influence TBP affinity as well as the level of basal and activated transcription. The possibility of mediated involvement in in vivo gene expression regulation of the TBP interactions with variant TATA boxes is supported by data on TATA box polymorphisms and associated human hereditary pathologies. A table containing data on TATA element polymorphisms in human gene promoters (about 40 mutations have been described), associated with particular pathologies, their short functional characteristics, and manifestation mechanisms of TATA-box SNPs is presented. Four classes of polymorphisms are considered: TATA box polymorphisms that weaken and enhance promoter, polymorphisms causing TATA box emergence and disappearance, and human virus TATA box polymorphisms. The described examples are indicative of the polymorphism-associated severe pathologies like thalassemia, the increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, sensitivity to H. pylori infection, oral cavity and lung cancers, arterial hypertension, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Savinkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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15
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Boudrahem-Addour N, Zidani N, Carion N, Labie D, Belhani M, Beldjord C. Molecular heterogeneity of beta-thalassemia in Algeria: how to face up to a major health problem. Hemoglobin 2009; 33:24-36. [PMID: 19205970 DOI: 10.1080/03630260802626061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study concerns the molecular characterization of beta-thalassemia (beta-thal) alleles in 210 chromosomes. In the studied population, mutations were detected in 98% of the beta-thalassemic chromosomes. Twenty-one molecular defects have been found, where the five dominant mutations, IVS-I-110 (G>A), nonsense mutation at codon 39 (C>T), the frameshift codon (FSC) 6 (-A), IVS-I-1 (G>A), and IVS-I-6 (T>C), account for 80% of the independent chromosomes. Among the remaining alleles, 16 different mutations were identified, half of them being described for the first time in Algeria. These include the -101 (C>T) and the -90 (C>T) mutations in the distal and proximal promoter elements, respectively, the FSC 8 (-AA), IVS-I-5 (G>T), IVS-I-128 (T>G), FSC 47 (+A), IVS-II-1 (G>A), and the substitution in the polyadenylation signal (poly A) site AATAAA>AATGAA. Haplotype analyses on rare variants were performed. The possible origin of these mutations either by founder effect or by migrations is discussed, and raises the question of an adequate strategy to be used adapted to socio-economical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Boudrahem-Addour
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediène, Alger, Algérie
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16
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Irenge LM, Heusterspreute M, Philippe M, Derclaye I, Robert A, Gala JL. Validation of a Recombinant DNA Construct (μLCR and Full-Length β-Globin Gene) for Quantification of Human β-Globin Expression: Application to Mutations in the Promoter, Intronic, and 5′- and 3′-Untranslated Regions of the Human β-Globin Gene. Clin Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/48.10.1787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid M Irenge
- Applied Molecular Technologies, Center for Human Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30-UCL/30.46, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Michel Heusterspreute
- Applied Molecular Technologies, Center for Human Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30-UCL/30.46, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Marianne Philippe
- Department of Biochemistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 30, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Derclaye
- Applied Molecular Technologies, Center for Human Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30-UCL/30.46, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Annie Robert
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30-UCL/30.34, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Gala
- Applied Molecular Technologies, Center for Human Genetics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30-UCL/30.46, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Applied Molecular Technologies, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Rue Bruyn, 2, B-1120 Bruxelles, Belgium
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Sadiq MF, Eigel A, Horst J. Spectrum of beta-thalassemia in Jordan: identification of two novel mutations. Am J Hematol 2001; 68:16-22. [PMID: 11559932 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two hundred and forty-four beta-thalassemia alleles were identified from 135 unrelated occasionally and periodically transfusion dependent beta- and S/beta-thalassemia patients from all regions of Jordan. Allele identification was achieved by PCR amplification of beta-globin genes, dot-blotting the amplified DNA, hybridization with allele specific synthetic probes, and direct sequencing of amplified genomic DNA. A total of 19 different mutations were detected, eight of them constituted about 86% of the Jordanian thalassemic chromosomes. These mutations were IVS1-110 (G>A) (25%), IVS2-1 (G>A) (15%), IVS2-745 (C>G) (14.2%), IVS1-1 (G>A) (10%), IVS1-6 (T>C) (8.3%), codon 37 (G>A) (6.3%), codon 39 (C>T) (4.6%), and codon 5 (-C) (3.8%). The remaining eleven mutations were rare, presented with frequencies ranging between 0.4% and 1.6%. These included two novel mutations and four others detected in Jordan for the first time. The novel mutations were the frame shift (-C) at codon 49 and the substitution (A>C) at position -29 in the TATA box. Four alleles (1.6%) remained unidentified; having no abnormalities in their beta-globin gene sequences and therefore, constituted additional defects causing beta-thalassemia in the Jordanian population. These unknown alleles are expected to be candidates for upstream or downstream mutations affecting the expression of beta-globin gene. The results provided the essential foundation for planning a national preventive program for thalassemia in Jordan and will help improving the medical services for the patients and their families by helping their clinicians and genetic counselors in evaluating their variants and designing their treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Sadiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
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Tadmouri GO, Başak AN. Beta-thalassemia in Turkey: a review of the clinical, epidemiological, molecular, and evolutionary aspects. Hemoglobin 2001; 25:227-39. [PMID: 11480784 DOI: 10.1081/hem-100104031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G O Tadmouri
- Bogaziçi University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bebek-Istanbul, Turkey
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Badens C, Jassim N, Martini N, Mattei JF, Elion J, Lena-Russo D. Characterization of a new polymorphism, IVS-I-108 (T-->C), and a new beta-thalassemia mutation, -27 (A-->T), discovered in the course of a prenatal diagnosis. Hemoglobin 1999; 23:339-44. [PMID: 10569722 DOI: 10.3109/03630269909090749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We report two new substitutions, IVS-I-108 (T-->C) and -27 (A-->T), identified in a couple at risk for beta-thalassemia. One is of Iranian origin and presents with two mutations: a new substitution of T-->C at nucleotide IVS-I-108, which is a silent polymorphism, and a previously described beta-thalassemia mutation at nucleotide -28 (A-->C). The other is from the island of Corsica, the only place in France where beta-thalassemia is endemic. He presents a new substitution of A-->T at nucleotide -27 in the TATA box, which was also found in several members of his family with the beta-thalassemia trait. The fetus was found to have inherited both these novel mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Badens
- Laboratoire des Hémoglobines, CERGM, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Huisman
- Editorial Office, HEMOGLOBIN, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100, USA
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21
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Bozkurt G, Baysal E, Gu LH, Huisman TH. Thalassemia intermedia in two patients with Hb Lepore-beta zero-thalassemia (Frameshift codon 8, -AA). Hemoglobin 1994; 18:247-50. [PMID: 7928383 DOI: 10.3109/03630269409043627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Bozkurt
- Ministry of Health and Labor, Nicosia, Cyprus
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22
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Bouhass R, Perrin P, Trabuchet G. The spectrum of beta-thalassemia mutations in the Oran region of Algeria. Hemoglobin 1994; 18:211-9. [PMID: 7928377 DOI: 10.3109/03630269409043621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to delineate the spectrum of beta-globin gene defects causing beta-thalassemia in the Oran region of Algeria, we have analyzed a representative sample of 31 beta-thalassemia patients. This led to the detection of 10 mutations. Four of them [nonsense codon 39 (C->T), IVS-I-110 (G->A), IVS-I-2 (T->C), and frameshift codon 6 (-A)] account for approximately 77% of the beta-thalassemia chromosomes. Three of these mutants are also widespread in Mediterranean populations, whereas the fourth, IVS-I-2 (T->C), appears typical of the Oranese population. The six other variants are less frequent. The possible origin of these mutated alleles, either by recurrent mutational event or by migration from other populations, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bouhass
- Service de Pediatrie, Centre Emir Abdelkader CHU Oran, Algerie
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Huisman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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24
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Fedorov AN, Rasulov EM, Bocharova TN, Smirnova EA, Limborska SA. The T-->A mutation at position -30 of the beta-globin gene found in a Karachai patient with beta-thalassemia intermedia. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:521-3. [PMID: 1487424 DOI: 10.3109/03630269208993121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A N Fedorov
- Department of Molecular Basis of Human Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow
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25
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Abstract
This paper summarizes information on the epidemiology and molecular basis of hemoglobinopathies in Yugoslavia. Over the past 25 years, population surveys of more than 28,000 school children from all over the country, except Slovenia, have shown that the average incidence of beta-thalassemia (beta-thal) trait is 1.2%, ranging from 2.9% in the south (Macedonia) to 0.8% in the northwest (Croatia). The frequency of delta beta-thal is 0.2%, while the frequency of the Swiss type of hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) is 0.4%. Screening of 6,400 newborns has shown that the frequency of alpha-thal trait is 1.6%. The molecular basis of the different forms of beta-thal among Yugoslavians has been almost completely defined. Over 250 beta-thal chromosomes have been studied, and in over 90% the molecular defect was determined. Eighteen different beta-thal mutations have been detected, three of which (IVS-I-110, G-->A; IVS-I-6, T-->C; IVS-I-1, G-->A) account for more than 70% of all beta-thal chromosomes. Four new mutations [-87 (C-->A); IVS-II-850 (G-->C); initiation codon mutation T-->C; poly A (AATAAA-->AATGAA)] and one new deletion (1605 bp) have been characterized. Molecular analyses of DNA from over 30 unrelated cases with delta beta-thal have shown that this condition is mainly caused by a 13 kb deletion (Sicilian type); in one family a deletion of > 18 to 23 kb (Macedonian type), and in another family a deletion of 148 kb (Yugoslavian type of epsilon gamma delta beta-thal) of the globin gene complex was discovered. Limited studies of alpha-thal in Yugoslavia have shown the following types of molecular defects: approximately 20.5 kb deletion, approximately 17.5 kb deletion, -3.7 kb deletion, 5 nucleotide (nt) deletion, and Hb Icaria. The incidence of abnormal hemoglobins (Hbs) in Yugoslavia is 0.3%. Five different alpha chain variants among 21 families, 15 different beta chain variants among 53 families, one delta chain variant in one family, one variant with a deleted residue in one family, and two types of Hb Lepore among 122 families, have been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Efremov
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, National Reference Laboratory for Hemoglobinopathies, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia, Yugoslavia
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- B Masala
- Institute of General Physiology and Biological Chemistry, University of Sassari, Italy
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27
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Fattoum S, Guemira F, Oner C, Oner R, Li HW, Kutlar F, Huisman TH. Beta-thalassemia, HB S-beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia among Tunisians. Hemoglobin 1991; 15:11-21. [PMID: 1917531 DOI: 10.3109/03630269109072481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the mutations present in 19 patients with beta-thalassemia major, in 11 patients with Hb S-beta-thalassemia, and the beta S haplotypes of 34 patients with sickle cell anemia. The study included 84 relatives. Dot-blot analysis of amplified DNA with various specific oligonucleotide probes identified 11 different known beta-thalassemia mutations and frameshifts; a new frameshift at codons 25/26 (+T) was detected through sequencing of amplified DNA. The common beta-thalassemia mutations at codon 39 (C----T) and at IVS-I-110 (G----A) were also most prevalent among the Tunisian patients, while the milder T----C mutation at IVS-I-6 was not found. All mutations cause a beta 0-thalassemia or a severe beta + -thalassemia [T----A at -30; IVS-I-5 (G----A); IVS-I-110 (G----A)] which explains the need for regular blood transfusions in the thalassemia major and S-beta-thalassemia patients. Nearly all sickle cell anemia patients carried the beta S mutation on a chromosome with haplotype 19 (or Benin) and all had severe anemia with sickling complications. Identification of the beta S haplotype was through dot-blot analysis with oligonucleotide probes that detect mutations in the G gamma and A gamma promoter sequences, specific for this haplotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fattoum
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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28
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Abstract
DNA data have been collected for 41 patients with beta-thalassemia intermedia without transfusion dependency. They belonged to 33 families, and 45 of their parents were included in the study. Eight patients were homozygous for the frameshift at codon 8 (-AA), and nine were homozygous for the IVS-2 nt 1 (G----A) mutation; haplotypes IV and III, respectively, were associated with these mutations. Three patients had a G gamma A gamma(delta beta)0-thalassemia homozygosity, characterized by a deletion of 13 kb. Of the remaining subjects, ten had a homozygosity for the IVS-1 nt 6 (T----C) mutation, and five were compound heterozygotes for one mild and one severe thalassemia determinant. Combinations with Hb Knossos, the T----A mutation at nt -30, the C----T mutation at nt -101, the G----A and G----C mutations at IVS-1 nt 5, and the G----A mutation at IVS-1 nt 110 were the other thalassemia determinants resulting in beta-thalassemia intermedia in the six remaining patients. Haplotypes IV and IX were associated with the latter three mutations. The C----T mutation at nt -158 5' to the G gamma gene was characteristic for haplotypes III, IV, and IX. Genotype and phenotype correlation indicated significant differences in some of the hematological parameters among patients with the frameshift at codon 8 (-AA) or with the IVS-2 nt 1 (G----A) mutation, with both the frameshift at codon 8 and the T----C mutation at IVS-1 nt 6, and with both the IVS-2 nt 1 (G----A) and IVS-1 nt 6 (T----C) mutations. Statistically significant differences were found in the mean values for hemoglobin (Hb) A2 in heterozygotes with the frameshift at codon 8 (-AA) and the IVS-1 nt 5 (G----A) mutation. Variations in the number of alpha-globin genes resulted in modifications of the phenotypical expression of the beta-thalassemia intermedia determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Altay
- Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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29
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Kattamis C, Hu H, Cheng G, Reese AL, Gonzalez-Redondo JM, Kutlar A, Kutlar F, Huisman TH. Molecular characterization of beta-thalassaemia in 174 Greek patients with thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol 1990; 74:342-6. [PMID: 2334641 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1990.tb02593.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mutations producing beta-thalassaemia in 174 Greek patients with thalassaemia major were investigated by dot-blot hybridization of oligonucleotide probes to genomic DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction procedure, by direct sequencing of amplified DNA, and by gene mapping. beta-thalassaemia in Greeks was found to be very heterogeneous at the molecular level as 17 different mutations were observed: 86.6% of the beta-thalassaemic genes, however, could be identified with five probes: IVS-I-110 (G----A) (42.5%), codon 39 (C----T) (17%), IVS-I-1 (G----A) (13.2%), IVS-I-6 (T----C) (7.2%) and IVS-II-745 (C----G) (6.9%). Several mutations which had not previously been reported in the Greek population and which occurred at an incidence of 2% or lower were observed in this study. The information obtained will facilitate the prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassaemia in Greece.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kattamis
- First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Greece
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30
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Oner R, Altay C, Gurgey A, Aksoy M, Kilinç Y, Stoming TA, Reese AL, Kutlar A, Kutlar F, Huisman TH. Beta-thalassemia in Turkey. Hemoglobin 1990; 14:1-13. [PMID: 2200760 DOI: 10.3109/03630269009002250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A review is presented of the various beta-thalassemia alleles observed in nearly 191 patients with beta-thalassemia major and their 182 heterozygous relatives. Determination was by gene amplification and dot-blot hybridization with synthetic probes, specific for 27 different mutations. Eighteen mutations have been observed; six of these account for nearly 83% of all thalassemia abnormalities. A new mutation, i.e. a G----C mutation at the acceptor splice site of IVS-I, was found in one teenager who was homozygous for this disease. The high consanguinity among the families was considered the main reason for the high number of patients with a homozygosity for the IVS-I-110 (G----A) mutation. Combinations of different mutations were present in many patients; some were mildly affected because of the specific mutation present on one chromosome. Combinations of classical beta-thalassemia and an abnormal hemoglobin mainly concerned Hb S. Hbs Knossos and Lepore were rare occurrences. A comparison of hematological data for adults with heterozygosities for some of the common alleles confirmed the low Hb A2 values in IVS-I-6 (T----C) heterozygotes and the high Hb F values for codon 8 (-AA), IVS-II-1 (G----A), and IVS-I-1 (G----A) heterozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Oner
- Children's Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Huisman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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