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Liu Y, Yu J, Cao H, Xue C, Chen K, Xu Y, Sun X. The cross-linking ability of dialdo-galactose in food processing condition. Food Chem 2024; 433:137356. [PMID: 37669574 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linking is a popular strategy to tailor the mechanical profile of foods and materials. Dialdo-galactose (DAG) is a hetero-sugar bearing two aldehyde groups that could potentially cross-link amino-group rich systems. In this study, we proved even in undesirable Maillard reaction condition, DAG is a very reactive Maillard substrate that could effectively cross-link all the tested foods, enhance their mechanical strength, and generate brown pigments during cross-linking. In particular, DAG treated sea cucumber exhibited good stability against heat-induced deterioration. In addition, DAG treated collagen sausage casing was more elastic and flexible then glutaraldehyde (GA) treated ones. DAG also outperformed GA in generating stronger chitosan hydrogels with higher G', and the DAG cross-linked chitosan film was more robust against acid-catalyzed decompositions. These results have not only confirmed DAG's cross-linking ability in food processing condition, but also provided useful information for the development of new food cross-linking agents based on oxidized saccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Honghua Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
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El-Naggar ME, Othman SI, Allam AA, Morsy OM. Synthesis, drying process and medical application of polysaccharide-based aerogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:1115-1128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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3
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Sakuta R, Nakamura N. Production of Hexaric Acids from Biomass. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3660. [PMID: 31357431 PMCID: PMC6695620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar acids obtained by aldohexose oxidation of both the terminal aldehyde group and the hydroxy group at the other end to carboxyl groups are called hexaric acids (i.e., six-carbon aldaric acids). Because hexaric acids have four secondary hydroxy groups that are stereochemically diverse and two carboxyl groups, various applications of these acids have been studied. Conventionally, hexaric acids have been produced mainly by nitric acid oxidation of aldohexose, but full-scale commercialization has not been realized; there are many problems regarding yield, safety, environmental burden, etc. In recent years, therefore, improvements in hexaric acid production by nitric acid oxidation have been made, while new production methods, including biocatalytic methods, are actively being studied. In this paper, we summarize these production methods in addition to research on the application of hexaric acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Sakuta
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Nobuhumi Nakamura
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
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Kholiya F, Chaudhary JP, Vadodariya N, Meena R. Synthesis of bio-based aldehyde from seaweed polysaccharide and its interaction with bovine serum albumin. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 150:278-85. [PMID: 27312639 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate a successful synthesis of bio-based aldehyde namely dialdehyde-carboxymethylagarose (DCMA) using carboxymethyagarose (CMA). Further reaction parameters (i.e. reaction temperature, pH and periodate concentration) were optimized to achieve maximum aldehyde content and product yield. The synthesis of DCMA was confirmed by employing FTIR, (1)H NMR, XRD, SEM, AFM, TGA, DSC, EA and GPC techniques. To investigate the aldehyde functionality, DCMA was allowed to interact with BSA and obtained results were found to be comparable with that of synthetic aldehyde (Formaldehyde). Further interaction of DCMA with BSA was confirmed by using UV-vis, FTIR, fluorescent spectroscopy, CD and DLS analysis. Results of this study revealed that bio-based aldehyde behaves like formaldehyde. This study adds value to abundant marine biopolymers and opens the new research area for polymer researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Kholiya
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Jai Prakash Chaudhary
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Nilesh Vadodariya
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramavatar Meena
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India.
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Parikka K, Master E, Tenkanen M. Oxidation with galactose oxidase: Multifunctional enzymatic catalysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Expression, purification, and characterization of galactose oxidase of Fusarium sambucinum in E. coli. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 108:73-79. [PMID: 25543085 PMCID: PMC4370742 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A gene encoding a galactose oxidase (GalOx) was isolated from Fusarium sambucinum cultures and overexpressed in Escherichia coli yielding 4.4mg enzyme per L of growth culture with a specific activity of 159Umg(-1). By adding a C-terminal His-tag the enzyme could be easily purified with a single affinity chromatography step with high recovery rate (90%). The enzyme showed a single band on SDS-PAGE with an apparent molecular mass of 68.5kDa. The pH optimum for the oxidation of galactose was in the range of pH 6-7.5. Optimum temperature for the enzyme activity was 35°C, with a half-life of 11.2min, 5.3min, and 2.7min for incubation at 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C, respectively. From all tested substrates, the highest relative activity was found for 1-methyl-β-galactopyranoside (226Umg(-1)) and the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) for melibiose (2700mM(-1)s(-1)). The enzyme was highly specific for molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor, and showed no appreciable activity with a range of alternative acceptors investigated. Different chemicals were tested for their effect on GalOx activity. The activity was significantly reduced by EDTA, NaN3, and KCN.
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Thomas A, Shukla A, Sivakumar S, Verma S. Assembly, postsynthetic modification and hepatocyte targeting by multiantennary, galactosylated soft structures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:15752-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07074g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme modifiable, hollow self-assembled structures offer an excellent scope for multiantennary delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Akansha Shukla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Material Science Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Sri Sivakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Material Science Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
- DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
- DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
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Ba S, Arsenault A, Hassani T, Jones JP, Cabana H. Laccase immobilization and insolubilization: from fundamentals to applications for the elimination of emerging contaminants in wastewater treatment. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2012; 33:404-18. [PMID: 23051065 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2012.725390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades many attempts have been made to use biocatalysts for the biotransformation of emerging contaminants in environmental matrices. Laccase, a multicopper oxidoreductase enzyme, has shown great potential in oxidizing a large number of phenolic and non-phenolic emerging contaminants. However, laccases and more broadly enzymes in their free form are biocatalysts whose applications in solution have many drawbacks rendering them currently unsuitable for large scale use. To circumvent these limitations, the enzyme can be immobilized onto carriers or entrapped within capsules; these two immobilization techniques have the disadvantage of generating a large mass of non-catalytic product. Insolubilization of the free enzymes as cross-linked enzymes (CLEAs) is found to yield a greater volume ratio of biocatalyst while improving the characteristics of the biocatalyst. Ultimately, novel techniques of enzymes insolubilization and stabilization are feasible with the combination of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (combi-CLEAs) and enzyme polymer engineered structures (EPESs) for the elimination of emerging micropollutants in wastewater. In this review, fundamental features of laccases are provided in order to elucidate their catalytic mechanism, followed by different chemical aspects of the immobilization and insolubilization techniques applicable to laccases. Finally, kinetic and reactor design effects for enzymes in relation with the potential applications of laccases as combi-CLEAs and EPESs for the biotransformation of micropollutants in wastewater treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidy Ba
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke, Québec , Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Sheldon
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Organic Chemistry, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands, and CLEA Technolgies, Delftechpark 134, 2628 XH Delft, The Netherlands
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Leppänen AS, Niittymäki O, Parikka K, Tenkanen M, Eklund P, Sjöholm R, Willför S. Metal-mediated allylation of enzymatically oxidized methyl α-d-galactopyranoside. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:2610-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Parikka K, Leppänen AS, Pitkänen L, Reunanen M, Willför S, Tenkanen M. Oxidation of polysaccharides by galactose oxidase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:262-271. [PMID: 20000571 DOI: 10.1021/jf902930t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Galactose oxidase was used as a catalyst to oxidize selectively the C-6 hydroxyls of terminal galactose to carbonyl groups. The polysaccharides studied included spruce galactoglucomannan, guar galactomannan, larch arabinogalactan, corn fiber arabinoxylan, and tamarind seed xyloglucan, with terminal galactose contents varying from 6% to 40%. A multienzyme system was used, with catalase and horseradish peroxidase to enhance the action of galactose oxidase. An analysis technique was developed for the quantification of the reactive aldehydes with GC-MS, utilizing NaBD4 reduction and acidic methanolysis. The best oxidation degrees of terminal galactosyls were obtained with xyloglucan (85% of galactose) and spruce galactoglucomannan (65% of galactose). The highest oxidation degree based on total carbohydrates was achieved with guar gum (28%), which had the highest galactose content. The oxidation resulted in changes in the physicochemical properties of the polysaccharide solutions, and the changes observed varied between the polysaccharides. The clearest change was in tamarind xyloglucan, which formed a gel after the oxidation. After the oxidation, larger particles were present in the solution of spruce galactoglucomannan, but changes in its rheological properties were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsti Parikka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Parikka K, Tenkanen M. Oxidation of methyl α-d-galactopyranoside by galactose oxidase: products formed and optimization of reaction conditions for production of aldehyde. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:14-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Revised: 08/03/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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van Wijk A, Siebum A, Schoevaart R, Kieboom T. Enzymatically oxidized lactose and derivatives thereof as potential protein cross-linkers. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:2921-6. [PMID: 17056020 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Revised: 09/16/2006] [Accepted: 10/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme galactose oxidase [EC 1.1.3.9] was applied to convert lactose, lactylamine and lactobionic acid into their corresponding 6'-aldehyde compounds. The potential protein cross-linking ability of these oxidized lactose and derivatives thereof was investigated using n-butylamine as the model compound. First, oxidized lactose gave double Maillard reaction products that were stable under mild alkaline conditions. Second, reductive amination of lactose followed by enzymatic oxidation gave cross-links that were stable under both neutral and alkaline conditions. Third, stable cross-links were obtained through enzymatic oxidation and amidation of lactobionic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan van Wijk
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Oxidation of galactose and derivatives catalysed by galactose oxidase: structure and complete assignments of the NMR spectra of the main product. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(03)00065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Bruggink A, Schoevaart R, Kieboom T. Concepts of Nature in Organic Synthesis: Cascade Catalysis and Multistep Conversions in Concert. Org Process Res Dev 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/op0340311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alle Bruggink
- Organic Chemistry, University of Nijmegen, DSM Research, Geleen, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, and DSM Food Specialties R&D, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Schoevaart
- Organic Chemistry, University of Nijmegen, DSM Research, Geleen, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, and DSM Food Specialties R&D, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Kieboom
- Organic Chemistry, University of Nijmegen, DSM Research, Geleen, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, and DSM Food Specialties R&D, Delft, The Netherlands
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