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Pavan AR, Terroni B, Dos Santos JL. Endothelial dysfunction in Sickle Cell Disease: Strategies for the treatment. Nitric Oxide 2024; 149:7-17. [PMID: 38806107 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA), is an inherited hemoglobinopathy characterized by the presence of an abnormal hemoglobin (HbS), being the most prevalent sickle cell disease (SCD). SCA is characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction, which contributes significantly to various clinical conditions, including but not limited to pulmonary hypertension, priapism, cutaneous leg ulceration, and stroke. The pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in SCA is a multifaceted process involving a chronic inflammatory and hypercoagulable state. Key factors include hemolysis-associated elements like reduced arginine and nitric oxide (NO) availability, elevated levels of vascular adhesion molecules, the uncoupling effect of NO synthase, heightened arginase activity, an environment characterized by oxidative stress with the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and occurrences of ischemia-reperfusion injury, along with apolipoprotein A-1 depletion. The urgency for novel interventions addressing ED is evident. Presently, there is a focus on investigating small molecules that disrupt the arginine-nitric oxide pathway, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties while diminishing levels of cellular and vascular adhesion molecules. In this mini-review article, we delve into the progress made in strategies for treating ED in SCD with the aim of cultivating insights for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Renata Pavan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
| | - Barbara Terroni
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, Brazil
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Dhalla NS, Mota KO, Elimban V, Shah AK, de Vasconcelos CML, Bhullar SK. Role of Vasoactive Hormone-Induced Signal Transduction in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Cells 2024; 13:856. [PMID: 38786079 PMCID: PMC11119949 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is the common concluding pathway for a majority of cardiovascular diseases and is associated with cardiac dysfunction. Since heart failure is invariably preceded by adaptive or maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy, several biochemical mechanisms have been proposed to explain the development of cardiac hypertrophy and progression to heart failure. One of these includes the activation of different neuroendocrine systems for elevating the circulating levels of different vasoactive hormones such as catecholamines, angiotensin II, vasopressin, serotonin and endothelins. All these hormones are released in the circulation and stimulate different signal transduction systems by acting on their respective receptors on the cell membrane to promote protein synthesis in cardiomyocytes and induce cardiac hypertrophy. The elevated levels of these vasoactive hormones induce hemodynamic overload, increase ventricular wall tension, increase protein synthesis and the occurrence of cardiac remodeling. In addition, there occurs an increase in proinflammatory cytokines and collagen synthesis for the induction of myocardial fibrosis and the transition of adaptive to maladaptive hypertrophy. The prolonged exposure of the hypertrophied heart to these vasoactive hormones has been reported to result in the oxidation of catecholamines and serotonin via monoamine oxidase as well as the activation of NADPH oxidase via angiotensin II and endothelins to promote oxidative stress. The development of oxidative stress produces subcellular defects, Ca2+-handling abnormalities, mitochondrial Ca2+-overload and cardiac dysfunction by activating different proteases and depressing cardiac gene expression, in addition to destabilizing the extracellular matrix upon activating some metalloproteinases. These observations support the view that elevated levels of various vasoactive hormones, by producing hemodynamic overload and activating their respective receptor-mediated signal transduction mechanisms, induce cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, the occurrence of oxidative stress due to the prolonged exposure of the hypertrophied heart to these hormones plays a critical role in the progression of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (V.E.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Karina O. Mota
- Department of Physiology, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristóvao 49100-000, Brazil; (K.O.M.); (C.M.L.d.V.)
| | - Vijayan Elimban
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (V.E.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Anureet K. Shah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8162, USA;
| | - Carla M. L. de Vasconcelos
- Department of Physiology, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristóvao 49100-000, Brazil; (K.O.M.); (C.M.L.d.V.)
| | - Sukhwinder K. Bhullar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (V.E.); (S.K.B.)
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García-Niño WR, Correa F, Zúñiga-Muñoz AM, José-Rodríguez A, Castañeda-Gómez P, Mejía-Díaz E. L-theanine abates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by positively regulating the antioxidant response. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 486:116940. [PMID: 38677602 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
L-theanine (L-THE), a non-protein amino acid isolated from Camelia sinensis, has antioxidant properties that could prevent oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction generated by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The present study aimed to identify the effects of pretreatment with L-THE in rat hearts undergoing I/R. Wistar rats received vehicle or 250 mg/Kg L-THE intragastrically for 10 days. On day 11, hearts were removed under anesthesia and exposed to I/R injury in the Langendorff system. Measurement of left ventricular developed pressure and heart rate ex vivo demonstrates that L-THE prevents I/R-induced loss of cardiac function. Consequently, the infarct size of hearts subjected to I/R was significantly decreased when L-THE was administered. L-THE also mitigated I/R-induced oxidative injury in cardiac tissue by decreasing reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, while increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT. Additionally, L-THE prevents oxidative phosphorylation breakdown and loss of inner mitochondrial membrane potential caused by I/R, restoring oxygen consumption levels, increasing respiratory control and phosphorylation efficiency, as well as buffering calcium overload. Finally, L-THE modifies the expression of genes involved in the antioxidant response through the overexpression of SOD1, SOD2 and CAT; as well as the transcriptional factors PPARα and Nrf2 in hearts undergoing I/R. In conclusion, L-THE confers cardioprotection against I/R injury by preventing oxidative stress, protecting mitochondrial function, and promoting overexpression of antioxidant genes. More studies are needed to place L-THE at the forefront of cardiovascular research and recommend its therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wylly Ramsés García-Niño
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Francisco Correa
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Alejandra María Zúñiga-Muñoz
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Aldo José-Rodríguez
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Patricio Castañeda-Gómez
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Edson Mejía-Díaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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Zhang S, Xia J, Zhu Y, Dong M, Wang J. Establishing Salvia miltiorrhiza-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles and Elucidating Their Role in Angiogenesis. Molecules 2024; 29:1599. [PMID: 38611878 PMCID: PMC11013048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are multifunctional, cell-derived nanoscale membrane vesicles. Exosomes derived from certain mammalian cells have been developed as angiogenesis promoters for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, as they possess the capability to enhance endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. However, the low yield of exosomes derived from mammalian cells limits their clinical applications. Therefore, we chose to extract exosome-like nanoparticles from the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza, which has been shown to promote angiogenesis. Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived exosome-like nanoparticles offer advantages, such as being economical, easily obtainable, and high-yielding, and have an ideal particle size, Zeta potential, exosome-like morphology, and stability. Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived exosome-like nanoparticles can enhance the cell viability of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and can promote cell migration and improve the neovascularization of the cardiac tissues of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, indicating their potential as angiogenesis promoters for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, MOE Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.Z.); (J.X.); (M.D.)
| | - Jiaxuan Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, MOE Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.Z.); (J.X.); (M.D.)
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Meichen Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, MOE Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.Z.); (J.X.); (M.D.)
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, MOE Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; (S.Z.); (J.X.); (M.D.)
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Stamatiou R, Anagnostopoulou M, Ioannidou-Kabouri K, Rapti C, Lazou A. Camphene as a Protective Agent in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:405. [PMID: 38671853 PMCID: PMC11047447 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) and the resulting heart failure is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Camphene has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic properties; however, its role in the protection of the heart from ischemia and reperfusion has not been investigated. The cardioprotective role of camphene and the mechanism that mediates its action against I/R injury was evaluated in the present study. A single dose of camphene was administered in adult rats prior to ex vivo I/R induction. Infarct size was measured using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and cardiomyocyte injury was assessed by determining the release of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Camphene pretreatment provided significant protection reducing myocardial infarct size and cell death after I/R. The effect was correlated with the reduction in oxidative stress as evidenced by the determination of protein carbonylation, GSH/GSSG ratio, the increase in mitochondrial content as determined by CS activity, and the modulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms (expression of Nrf2 and target genes and activities of CAT, MnSOD, and GR). Furthermore, ferroptosis was decreased, as demonstrated by downregulation of GPx4 expression and reduction in lipid peroxidation. The results suggest that camphene can protect the heart against I/R injury by maintaining redox homeostasis and can hold therapeutic potential for mitigating the detrimental effects of I/R in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Antigone Lazou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (R.S.); (K.I.-K.); (C.R.)
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Ahmed G, Rathi S, Sidhu HK, Muzaffar M, Wajid MH, Kumari K, Fakhor H, Attia NM, Majumder K, Kumar V, Tejwaney U, Ram N. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and hemochromatosis: a narrative review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:909-919. [PMID: 38333328 PMCID: PMC10849313 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and hemochromatosis have a complex relationship. This review explores its mechanisms, prevalence, correlations, and clinical manifestations. Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) involves iron overload due to HFE protein mutations, while atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by irregular heart rhythms. Iron overload in hemochromatosis can promote cardiac arrhythmias. AF is prevalent in developed countries and may be linked to cryptogenic strokes. Genetic variations and demographic factors influence the occurrence of both conditions. HH affects multiple organ systems, including the heart, while AF causes palpitations and reduced exercise tolerance. Diagnosis involves iron markers, genotypic testing, and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings. Treatment strategies focus on reducing iron levels in hemochromatosis and managing AF through antithrombotic therapy and rhythm control. Untreated hemochromatosis carries a higher risk of complications, and PAF is associated with increased cardiovascular-related mortality. For better understanding of the mechanisms and to improve management, additional studies are required. Tailored approaches and combined treatments may enhance patient outcomes.
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More SA, Deore RS, Pawar HD, Sharma C, Nakhate KT, Rathod SS, Ojha S, Goyal SN. CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor as a Potential Target in Myocardial Infarction: Exploration of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1683. [PMID: 38338960 PMCID: PMC10855244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The lipid endocannabinoid system has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for several inflammatory and tissue-damaging diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. The primary targets of cannabinoids are cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) receptors. The CB2 receptor is expressed in the cardiomyocytes. While the pathological changes in the myocardium upregulate the CB2 receptor, genetic deletion of the receptor aggravates the changes. The CB2 receptor plays a crucial role in attenuating the advancement of myocardial infarction (MI)-associated pathological changes in the myocardium. Activation of CB2 receptors exerts cardioprotection in MI via numerous molecular pathways. For instance, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol attenuated the progression of MI via modulation of the CB2 receptor-dependent anti-inflammatory mechanisms, including suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Through similar mechanisms, natural and synthetic CB2 receptor ligands repair myocardial tissue damage. This review aims to offer an in-depth discussion on the ameliorative potential of CB2 receptors in myocardial injuries induced by a variety of pathogenic mechanisms. Further, the modulation of autophagy, TGF-β/Smad3 signaling, MPTP opening, and ROS production are discussed. The molecular correlation of CB2 receptors with cardiac injury markers, such as troponin I, LDH1, and CK-MB, is explored. Special attention has been paid to novel insights into the potential therapeutic implications of CB2 receptor activation in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar A. More
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India; (S.A.M.); (R.S.D.); (H.D.P.); (K.T.N.); (S.S.R.)
| | - Rucha S. Deore
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India; (S.A.M.); (R.S.D.); (H.D.P.); (K.T.N.); (S.S.R.)
| | - Harshal D. Pawar
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India; (S.A.M.); (R.S.D.); (H.D.P.); (K.T.N.); (S.S.R.)
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Kartik T. Nakhate
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India; (S.A.M.); (R.S.D.); (H.D.P.); (K.T.N.); (S.S.R.)
| | - Sumit S. Rathod
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India; (S.A.M.); (R.S.D.); (H.D.P.); (K.T.N.); (S.S.R.)
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N. Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India; (S.A.M.); (R.S.D.); (H.D.P.); (K.T.N.); (S.S.R.)
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Zhang H, Dhalla NS. The Role of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1082. [PMID: 38256155 PMCID: PMC10817020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
With cardiovascular disease (CVD) being a primary source of global morbidity and mortality, it is crucial that we understand the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms at play. Recently, numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines have been linked to several different CVDs, which are now often considered an adversely pro-inflammatory state. These cytokines most notably include interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, amongst others. Not only does inflammation have intricate and complex interactions with pathophysiological processes such as oxidative stress and calcium mishandling, but it also plays a role in the balance between tissue repair and destruction. In this regard, pre-clinical and clinical evidence has clearly demonstrated the involvement and dynamic nature of pro-inflammatory cytokines in many heart conditions; however, the clinical utility of the findings so far remains unclear. Whether these cytokines can serve as markers or risk predictors of disease states or act as potential therapeutic targets, further extensive research is needed to fully understand the complex network of interactions that these molecules encompass in the context of heart disease. This review will highlight the significant advances in our understanding of the contributions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in CVDs, including ischemic heart disease (atherosclerosis, thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction, and ischemia-reperfusion injury), cardiac remodeling (hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, cardiac apoptosis, and heart failure), different cardiomyopathies as well as ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation. In addition, this article is focused on discussing the shortcomings in both pathological and therapeutic aspects of pro-inflammatory cytokines in CVD that still need to be addressed by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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Stanev K, Yaneva A, Ivanov A, Gonovski T. The role of postoperative trimetazidine therapy in on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2023; 65:915-921. [PMID: 38351780 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.65.e102777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery bypass surgery remains the gold standard in the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease. However, the increased oxidative stress caused by the release of free radicals during the ischemia-reperfusion time is a well-known pathophysiological process during and after coronary revascularization procedures. It may lead to reversible and irreversible myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamen Stanev
- St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Asen Ivanov
- St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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11
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Yazdi A, Shirmohammadi K, Parvaneh E, Entezari-Maleki T, Hosseini SK, Ranjbar A, Mehrpooya M. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers following reperfusion in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2023; 15:250-261. [PMID: 38357568 PMCID: PMC10862029 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2023.31817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is well-established that oxidative stress is deeply involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Considering the potent antioxidant properties of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), we aimed to assess whether CoQ10 supplementation could exert beneficial effects on plasma levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPIC). Methods Seventy patients with the first attack of STEMI, eligible for PPCI were randomly assigned to receive either standard treatments plus CoQ10 (400 mg before PPCI and 200 mg twice daily for three days after PPCI) or standard treatments plus placebo. Plasma levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured at 6, 24, and 72 hours after completion of PPCI. Results The changes in plasma levels of the studied biomarkers at 6 and 24 hours after PPCI were similar in the both groups (P values>0.05). This is while at 72 hours, the CoQ10- treated group exhibited significantly higher plasma levels of SOD (P value<0.001), CAT (P value=0.001), and TAC (P value<0.001), along with a lower plasma level of MDA (P value=0.002) compared to the placebo-treated group. The plasma activity of GPX showed no significant difference between the groups at all the study time points (P values>0.05). Conclusion This study showed that CoQ10 has the potential to modulate the balance between antioxidant and oxidant biomarkers after reperfusion therapy. Our results suggest that CoQ10, through its antioxidant capacity, may help reduce the reperfusion injury in ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Yazdi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Kimia Shirmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Erfan Parvaneh
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Taher Entezari-Maleki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehrpooya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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12
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Zou Z, Ren T, Li Y, Zeng Q, Wang X, Teng J, Xu J, Jia P, Ding X. The Association Between Serum Glutathione Peroxidase-3 Concentration and Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Nested Case-Control Study. Am J Cardiol 2023; 209:29-35. [PMID: 37839462 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has an integral role in the pathophysiology of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) is an important antioxidant enzyme in circulation and is mainly secreted by the kidney. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between GPx3 protein and CSA-AKI. This study is a nested case-control study in Zhongshan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University. We examined serum samples from 80 CSA-AKI patients and 80 age- and gender-matched non-AKI patients who underwent cardiac surgery. AKI was defined according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 criteria. We measured serum GPx3 concentration using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. GPx3 ratio is the ratio of preoperative and 6 hours postoperative of GPx3 protein concentration. We applied dose-response relation analyses to odds ratio in different GPx3 ratio levels and integrated it into the logistic model to predict the risk of AKI. The receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the prediction models. Postoperative serum GPx3 concentrations were significantly lower in the AKI group compared with the non-AKI group (1.78 ± 0.33 vs 2.03 ± 0.27, p <0.001). Malondialdehyde was higher in the AKI than in the non-AKI group (17.74 ± 8.65 vs 7.48 ± 4.59, p <0.001). The AKI risk increased in a dose-dependent manner, which was flat in the first half of the GPx3 ratio and then tended to be faster. The peaking odds ratio of CSA-AKI was 2.615 at the GPx3 ratio of 1.21 to 1.40. The AUC value to predict CSA-AKI only included the GPx3 ratio was 72.3%. After gradually integrating other covariates (body mass index, aortic crossclamp time, and cardiopulmonary bypass), the model showed an AUC of 82.6%. The serum GPx3 concentration was significantly lower in the CSA-AKI group. GPx3 ratio has a good predictive value for CSA-AKI, which may be a potential early diagnostic marker for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouping Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Teng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China; Department of Nephrology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China; Nephrology Clinical Quality Control Center of Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiarui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ping Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China; Department of Nephrology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China; Nephrology Clinical Quality Control Center of Xiamen, Xiamen, China.
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13
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Musalov MV, Amosova SV, Potapov VA. Selenium Dibromide Click Chemistry: The Efficient Synthesis of Novel Selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonene-2 and -nonane Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17485. [PMID: 38139313 PMCID: PMC10744190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient and convenient methods for the preparation of 35 novel derivatives of 9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and 9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonene-2 in high yields based on the adduct of the transannular addition of SeBr2 to 1,5-cyclooctadiene were developed. The methods for the amination of the adduct made it possible to obtain both diamino selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives and their dihydrobromide salts in one step in 88-98% yields. The methods meet the criteria of click chemistry. Compounds with high glutathione peroxidase mimetic activity were found among water-soluble dihydrobromide salts. The selective reaction of 2,6-dibromo-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane with acetonitrile to form 6-bromo-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonene-2 was discovered. The latter compound served as a promising starting material to give rise to the new class of selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonene-2 derivatives, e.g., 6-alkoxy-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonenes were obtained in 94-99% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim V. Musalov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Division of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky Str., Irkutsk 664033, Russia; (S.V.A.); (V.A.P.)
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14
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Tian HY, Huang BY, Nie HF, Chen XY, Zhou Y, Yang T, Cheng SW, Mei ZG, Ge JW. The Interplay between Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Ferroptosis during Ischemia-Associated Central Nervous System Diseases. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1367. [PMID: 37891735 PMCID: PMC10605666 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia, a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, triggers a cascade of molecular and cellular pathologies linked to several central nervous system (CNS) disorders. These disorders primarily encompass ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy, and other CNS conditions. Despite substantial progress in understanding and treating the underlying pathological processes in various neurological diseases, there is still a notable absence of effective therapeutic approaches aimed specifically at mitigating the damage caused by these illnesses. Remarkably, ischemia causes severe damage to cells in ischemia-associated CNS diseases. Cerebral ischemia initiates oxygen and glucose deprivation, which subsequently promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, mitophagy dysfunction, and excessive mitochondrial fission, triggering various forms of cell death such as autophagy, apoptosis, as well as ferroptosis. Ferroptosis, a novel type of regulated cell death (RCD), is characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. Mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis both play critical roles in the pathogenic progression of ischemia-associated CNS diseases. In recent years, growing evidence has indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction interplays with ferroptosis to aggravate cerebral ischemia injury. However, the potential connections between mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia have not yet been clarified. Thus, we analyzed the underlying mechanism between mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis in ischemia-associated CNS diseases. We also discovered that GSH depletion and GPX4 inactivation cause lipoxygenase activation and calcium influx following cerebral ischemia injury, resulting in MPTP opening and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, dysfunction in mitochondrial electron transport and an imbalanced fusion-to-fission ratio can lead to the accumulation of ROS and iron overload, which further contribute to the occurrence of ferroptosis. This creates a vicious cycle that continuously worsens cerebral ischemia injury. In this study, our focus is on exploring the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis, which may offer new insights into potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of ischemia-associated CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Yan Tian
- School of Medical Technology and Nursing, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Xili Lake, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518000, China;
| | - Bo-Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Hui-Fang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Tong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Shao-Wu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jin-Wen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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15
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Feitosa MBJ, Araújo SS, Mesquita TRR, Gioda CR, Sá LADE, Almeida GKM, Miguel-Dos-Santos R, Barbosa AM, Vasconcelos CMLDE, Camargo EA, Barreiros ALBS, Estevam CS, Moraes ÉRDE, Amaral RG, Lauton-Santos S. Antioxidants and cardioprotective effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Canavalia rosea leaves in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20220514. [PMID: 37493694 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Different degrees in the biological activities of Canavalia rosea had been previously reported . In this study, our group assessed the cardioprotective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction (EAcF) of the Canavalia rosea leaves. Firstly, it was confirmed, by in vitro approach, that the EAcF has high antioxidant properties due to the presence of important secondary metabolites, as flavonoids. In order to explore their potential protector against cardiovascular disorders, hearts were previously perfused with EAcF (300 μg.mL-1) and submitted to the global ischemia followed by reperfusion in Langendorff system. The present findings have demonstrated that EAcF restored the left ventricular developed pressure and decreased the arrhythmias severity index. Furthermore, EAcF significantly increased the glutathiones peroxidase activity with decreased malondialdehyde and creatine kinase levels. EAcF was effective upon neither the superoxide dismutase, glutationes reductase nor the catalase activities. In addition, the Western blot analysis revealed that ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly upregulates caspase 3 protein expression, while EAcF abolishes this effect. These results provide evidence that the EAcF reestablishes the cardiac contractility and prevents arrhythmias; it is suggested that EAcF could be used to reduce injury caused by cardiac reperfusion. However more clinical studies should be performed, before applying it in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maraísa B J Feitosa
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Silvan S Araújo
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Biological Sciences and Health Centre, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Thássio Ricardo R Mesquita
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Carolina R Gioda
- Federal University of Rio Grande, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Carreiros, Avenida Itália Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas A DE Sá
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Grace Kelly M Almeida
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Miguel-Dos-Santos
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Andriele M Barbosa
- Tiradentes University, Center for Study on Colloidal Systems (NUESC), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Carla Maria L DE Vasconcelos
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Heart Biophysics - Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Enilton A Camargo
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Inflammatory Process Pharmacology - Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - André Luís B S Barreiros
- Federal University of Sergipe, Natural Products Laboratory - Sciences and Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Charles S Estevam
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Biological Sciences and Health Centre, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Éder Ricardo DE Moraes
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G Amaral
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lauton-Santos
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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16
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Liu Y, Ji X, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Zhang J. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury; Molecular mechanisms and prevention. Microvasc Res 2023:104565. [PMID: 37307911 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. Among cardiovascular disorders, myocardial infarction remains a life-threatening problem predisposing to the development and progression of ischemic heart failure. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical cause of myocardial injury. In recent decades, many efforts have been made to find the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the development of myocardial I/R injury and post-ischemic remodeling. Some of these mechanisms are mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic alterations, inflammation, high production of ROS, and autophagy deregulation. Despite continuous efforts, myocardial I/R injury remains a major challenge in medical treatments of thrombolytic therapy, heart disease, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary arterial bypass grafting. The development of effective therapeutic strategies to reduce or prevent myocardial I/R injury is of great clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Integrative, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China; First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.
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17
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Kolluru GK, Shackelford RE, Shen X, Dominic P, Kevil CG. Sulfide regulation of cardiovascular function in health and disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:109-125. [PMID: 35931887 PMCID: PMC9362470 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00741-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a gaseous signalling molecule with crucial implications for cardiovascular health. H2S is involved in many biological functions, including interactions with nitric oxide, activation of molecular signalling cascades, post-translational modifications and redox regulation. Various preclinical and clinical studies have shown that H2S and its synthesizing enzymes - cystathionine γ-lyase, cystathionine β-synthase and 3-mercaptosulfotransferase - can protect against cardiovascular pathologies, including arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction and ischaemia-reperfusion injury. The bioavailability of H2S and its metabolites, such as hydropersulfides and polysulfides, is substantially reduced in cardiovascular disease and has been associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in H2S synthesis enzymes. In this Review, we highlight the role of H2S, its synthesizing enzymes and metabolites, their roles in the cardiovascular system, and their involvement in cardiovascular disease and associated pathologies. We also discuss the latest clinical findings from the field and outline areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi K Kolluru
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Paari Dominic
- Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
- Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Diseases & Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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18
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Milliken AS, Ciesla JH, Nadtochiy SM, Brookes PS. Distinct effects of intracellular vs. extracellular acidic pH on the cardiac metabolome during ischemia and reperfusion. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 174:101-114. [PMID: 36481511 PMCID: PMC9868090 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Tissue ischemia results in intracellular pH (pHIN) acidification, and while metabolism is a known driver of acidic pHIN, less is known about how acidic pHIN regulates metabolism. Furthermore, acidic extracellular (pHEX) during early reperfusion confers cardioprotection, but how this impacts metabolism is unclear. Herein we employed LCMS based targeted metabolomics to analyze perfused mouse hearts exposed to: (i) control perfusion, (ii) hypoxia, (iii) ischemia, (iv) enforced acidic pHIN, (v) control reperfusion, and (vi) acidic pHEX (6.8) reperfusion. Surprisingly little overlap was seen between metabolic changes induced by hypoxia, ischemia, and acidic pHIN. Acidic pHIN elevated metabolites in the top half of glycolysis, and enhanced glutathione redox state. Meanwhile, acidic pHEX reperfusion induced substantial metabolic changes in addition to those seen in control reperfusion. This included elevated metabolites in the top half of glycolysis, prevention of purine nucleotide loss, and an enhancement in glutathione redox state. These data led to hypotheses regarding potential roles for methylglyoxal inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, and for acidic inhibition of ecto-5'-nucleotidase, as potential mediators of cardioprotection by acidic pHEX reperfusion. However, neither hypothesis was supported by subsequent experiments. In contrast, analysis of cardiac effluents revealed complex effects of pHEX on metabolite transport, suggesting that mildly acidic pHEX may enhance succinate release during reperfusion. Overall, each intervention had distinct and overlapping metabolic effects, suggesting acidic pH is an independent metabolic regulator regardless which side of the cell membrane it is imposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Milliken
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA
| | - Jessica H Ciesla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA
| | - Sergiy M Nadtochiy
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA.
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19
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Booth LK, Redgrave RE, Tual-Chalot S, Spyridopoulos I, Phillips HM, Richardson GD. Heart Disease and Ageing: The Roles of Senescence, Mitochondria, and Telomerase in Cardiovascular Disease. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:45-78. [PMID: 37120464 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
During ageing molecular damage leads to the accumulation of several hallmarks of ageing including mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, genetic instability and chronic inflammation, which contribute to the development and progression of ageing-associated diseases including cardiovascular disease. Consequently, understanding how these hallmarks of biological ageing interact with the cardiovascular system and each other is fundamental to the pursuit of improving cardiovascular health globally. This review provides an overview of our current understanding of how candidate hallmarks contribute to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and subsequent myocardial infarction, and age-related heart failure. Further, we consider the evidence that, even in the absence of chronological age, acute cellular stress leading to accelerated biological ageing expedites cardiovascular dysfunction and impacts on cardiovascular health. Finally, we consider the opportunities that modulating hallmarks of ageing offer for the development of novel cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Booth
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachael E Redgrave
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Simon Tual-Chalot
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen M Phillips
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gavin D Richardson
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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20
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Musalov MV, Potapov VA. Click Chemistry of Selenium Dihalides: Novel Bicyclic Organoselenium Compounds Based on Selenenylation/Bis-Functionalization Reactions and Evaluation of Glutathione Peroxidase-like Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415629. [PMID: 36555274 PMCID: PMC9779772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of highly efficient methods for the preparation of novel derivatives of 9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane in high yields based on selenium dibromide and cis,cis-1,5-cyclooctadiene are reported. The one-pot syntheses of 2,6-diorganyloxy-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes using various O-nucleophiles including alkanols, phenols, benzyl, allyl, and propargyl alcohols were developed. New 2,6-bis(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes were obtained by the copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2,6-diazido-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane with unsubstituted gaseous acetylene and propargyl alcohol. The synthesis of 2,6-bis(vinylsulfanyl)-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, based on the generation of corresponding dithiolate anion from bis[amino(iminio)methylsulfanyl]-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane dibromide, followed by the nucleophilic addition of the dithiolate anion to unsubstituted acetylene, was developed. The glutathione peroxidase-like activity of the obtained water-soluble products was estimated and compounds with high activity were found. Overall, 2,6-Diazido-9-selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane exhibits the highest activity among the obtained compounds.
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21
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Song Y, Xing H, He Y, Zhang Z, Shi G, Wu S, Liu Y, Harrington EO, Sellke FW, Feng J. Inhibition of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species improves coronary endothelial function after cardioplegic hypoxia/reoxygenation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022; 164:e207-e226. [PMID: 34274141 PMCID: PMC8710187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardioplegic ischemia-reperfusion and diabetes mellitus are correlated with coronary endothelial dysfunction and inactivation of small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Increased reactive oxidative species, such as mitochondrial reactive oxidative species, may contribute to oxidative injury. Thus, we hypothesized that inhibition of mitochondrial reactive oxidative species may protect coronary small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels and endothelial function against cardioplegic ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury. METHODS Small coronary arteries and endothelial cells from the hearts of mice with and without diabetes mellitus were isolated and examined by using a cardioplegic hypoxia and reoxygenation model to determine whether the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-Tempo could protect against coronary endothelial and small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel dysfunction. The microvessels or mouse heart endothelial cells were treated with or without Mito-Tempo (0-10 μM) 5 minutes before and during cardioplegic hypoxia and reoxygenation. Microvascular function was assessed in vitro by vessel myography. K+ currents of mouse heart endothelial cells were measured by whole-cell patch clamp. The levels of intracellular cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+) concentration, mitochondrial reactive oxidative species, and small conductance calcium-activated potassium protein expression of mouse heart endothelial cells were measured by Rhod-2 fluorescence staining, MitoSox, and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Cardioplegic hypoxia and reoxygenation significantly attenuated endothelial small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity, caused calcium overload, and increased mitochondrial reactive oxidative species of mouse heart endothelial cells in both the nondiabetic and diabetes mellitus groups. In addition, treating mouse heart endothelial cells with Mito-Tempo (10 μM) reduced cardioplegic hypoxia and reoxygenation-induced Ca2+ and mitochondrial reactive oxidative species overload in both the nondiabetic and diabetes mellitus groups, respectively (P < .05). Treatment with Mito-Tempo (10 μM) significantly enhanced coronary relaxation responses to adenosine 5'-diphosphate and NS309 (P < .05), and endothelial small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel currents in both the nondiabetic and diabetes mellitus groups (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Administration of Mito-Tempo improves endothelial function and small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity, which may contribute to its enhancement of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation after cardioplegic hypoxia and reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Song
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Hang Xing
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Yixin He
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Guangbin Shi
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Su Wu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Elizabeth O Harrington
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence VA Medical Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
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22
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The Role of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity: From Bench to Bedside. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3659278. [PMID: 36187332 PMCID: PMC9519345 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3659278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is the major side effect of anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, and idarubicin), though being the most commonly used chemotherapy drugs and the mainstay of therapy in solid and hematological neoplasms. Advances in the field of cardio-oncology have expanded our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC). AIC has a complex pathogenesis that includes a variety of aspects such as oxidative stress, autophagy, and inflammation. Emerging evidence has strongly suggested that the loss of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) plays an important role in the progression of AIC. Mitochondria are vital organelles in the cardiomyocytes that serve as the key regulators of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, energy metabolism, cell death, and calcium buffering. However, as mitochondria are susceptible to damage, the MQC system, including mitochondrial dynamics (fusion/fission), mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial protein quality control, appears to be crucial in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. In this review, we summarize current evidence on the role of MQC in the pathogenesis of AIC and highlight the therapeutic potential of restoring the cardiomyocyte MQC system in the prevention and intervention of AIC.
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23
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Sulodexide Increases Glutathione Synthesis and Causes Pro-Reducing Shift in Glutathione-Redox State in HUVECs Exposed to Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation: Implication for Protection of Endothelium against Ischemic Injury. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175465. [PMID: 36080234 PMCID: PMC9457652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulodexide (SDX), a purified glycosaminoglycan mixture used to treat vascular diseases, has been reported to exert endothelial protective effects against ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain to be fully elucidated. The emerging evidence indicated that a relatively high intracellular concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and a maintenance of the redox environment participate in the endothelial cell survival during ischemia. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that SDX alleviates oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced human umbilical endothelial cells’ (HUVECs) injury, which serves as the in vitro model of ischemia, by affecting the redox state of the GSH: glutathione disulfide (GSSG) pool. The cellular GSH, GSSG and total glutathione (tGSH) concentrations were measured by colorimetric method and the redox potential (ΔEh) of the GSSG/2GSH couple was calculated, using the Nernst equation. Furthermore, the levels of the glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc) and the glutathione synthetase (GSS) proteins, a key enzyme for de novo GSH synthesis, were determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). We demonstrated that the SDX treatment in OGD conditions significantly elevated the intracellular GSH, enhanced the GSH:GSSG ratio, shifting the redox potential to a more pro-reducing status. Furthermore, SDX increased the levels of both GCLc and GSS. The results show that SDX protects the human endothelial cells against ischemic stress by affecting the GSH levels and cellular redox state. These changes suggest that the reduction in the ischemia-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through repressing apoptosis and oxidative stress associated with SDX treatment may be due to an increase in GSH synthesis and modulation of the GSH redox system.
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24
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Doig A, Tuck TA, LeBlanc B, Back TG. Synthesis, Catalytic GPx-like Activity, and SET Reactions of Conformationally Constrained 2,7-Dialkoxy-Substituted Naphthalene-1,8- peri-diselenides. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:27312-27323. [PMID: 35967016 PMCID: PMC9366784 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Several 2,7-dialkoxy-substituted naphthalene-1,8-peri-diselenides were prepared and tested for catalytic antioxidant activity in an NMR-based assay employing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide with stoichiometric amounts of benzyl thiol. Acidic conditions enhanced their catalytic activity, whereas basic conditions suppressed it. The highest activity was observed with a 2,7-bis(triethyleneglycol) derivative. These compounds serve as mimetics of the antioxidant selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase. Studies based on NMR peak-broadening effects and EPR spectroscopy indicated that a thiol-dependent SET reaction occurs under the conditions of the assay, which can be reversed by the addition of triethylamine. In contrast, peak broadening induced by proton-catalyzed electron transfer during the treatment of naphthalene-1,8-peri-diselenides with trifluoroacetic acid can be suppressed by the addition of excess thiol. These observations provide new insights into the redox mechanisms of these processes.
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25
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Design, synthesis, and in vitro protective effect evaluation of α-carboline derivatives against H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Qu PR, Jiang ZL, Song PP, Liu LC, Xiang M, Wang J. Saponins and their derivatives: Potential candidates to alleviate anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and multidrug resistance. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106352. [PMID: 35835369 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Anthracyclines (ANTs) continue to play an irreplaceable role in oncology treatment. However, the clinical application of ANTs has been limited. In the first place, ANTs can cause dose-dependent cardiotoxicity such as arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, and congestive heart failure. In the second place, the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) leads to their chemotherapeutic failure. Oncology cardiologists are urgently searching for agents that can both protect the heart and reverse MDR without compromising the antitumor effects of ANTs. Based on in vivo and in vitro data, we found that natural compounds, including saponins, may be active agents for other both natural and chemical compounds in the inhibition of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) and the reversal of MDR. In this review, we summarize the work of previous researchers, describe the mechanisms of AIC and MDR, and focus on revealing the pharmacological effects and potential molecular targets of saponins and their derivatives in the inhibition of AIC and the reversal of MDR, aiming to encourage future research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Rong Qu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Jiang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ping-Ping Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Lan-Chun Liu
- Beijing University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mi Xiang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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27
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Ferroptosis: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137420. [PMID: 35806425 PMCID: PMC9267109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death caused by phospholipid peroxidation that has been implicated as a mechanism in several diseases resulting from ischemic-reperfusion injury. Most recently, ferroptosis has been identified as a possible key injury mechanism in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI). This review summarizes the current literature regarding the different ferroptotic pathways, how they may be activated after neonatal HIBI, and which current or investigative interventions may attenuate ferroptotic cell death associated with neonatal HIBI.
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28
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Li X, Chen R, Wang L, Lu Z, Li Y, Tang D. Molecular mechanism of CAIF inhibiting myocardial infarction by sponging miR‑488 and regulating AVEN expression. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:270. [PMID: 35795990 PMCID: PMC9309535 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the global incidence and mortality of myocardial infarction (MI) has increased and become one of the important diseases threatening public health. Long non-coding (lnc)RNAs are a type of ncRNA that serve critical roles in the progression of various types of disease. The present study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of lncRNA cardiac autophagy inhibitory factor (CAIF) on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. CAIF was downregulated in the myocardium of I/R rats and cardiomyocytes treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Further experiments demonstrated that CAIF overexpression inhibited I/R-induced cardiac infarction and apoptosis in vivo. CAIF decreased H2O2-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress of cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, CAIF sponged microRNA (miR)-488-5p; this interaction was confirmed by rescue experiments. Moreover, miR-488-5p targeted apoptosis and caspase activation inhibitor (AVEN) and inhibited its expression. In summary, the present data identified a novel CAIF/miR-488-5p/AVEN signaling axis as a key regulator of myocyte apoptosis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Guilin People's Hospital, Xiangshan 541002, P.R. China
| | - Runqi Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, Guilin People's Hospital, Xiangshan 541002, P.R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Guilin People's Hospital, Xiangshan 541002, P.R. China
| | - Zengxue Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xing'an County People's Hospital, Xing'an, Guilin, Guangxi 541300, P.R. China
| | - Yangjie Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Guilin People's Hospital, Xiangshan 541002, P.R. China
| | - Dun Tang
- Intensive Care Unit, Guilin People's Hospital, Xiangshan 541002, P.R. China
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29
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de Carvalho ISC, Cantanhêde SM, Hamoy M, da Cruz Freitas Júnior JR, Amado LL. Cardiac responses in Crassostrea gasar: An experimental approach of how the tidal cycle influences the heart function of the mangrove oyster. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 271:111264. [PMID: 35760270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac physiological studies in oysters are scarce and these kinds of responses can be key issues for understanding behavioral and baseline adaptive responses. In this study we characterized the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing patterns, wave intervals (RR; QT), and complex duration (QRS) of Crassostrea gasar during immersion followed by air exposure, simulating what occurs in a tide cycle. Initially, the ECG was analyzed in the oysters under immersion for 30 min to evaluate the basal recordings (immersion exposure condition). Then, the same animals were removed from the water and the ECG was analyzed for another 30 min to assess cardiac activity under air exposure (air exposure condition). For this, a technique of cardiac recordings was developed, allowing us to analyze, beyond ECG, other cardiac parameters such as the heart rate (HR) in beats per minute, the spectral power of HR, and the amplitude. The basal cardiac parameters analyzed in oysters in the immerse condition clearly show the waves and intervals (R-R: 11.03 ± 0.63 s, P-Q: 2.09 ± 0.06 s), with a normal and regular electrocardiographic tracing and sinus rhythm without alterations. When in the air exposure condition, oysters maintained the ECG tracing of sinus rhythm, but with changes in intervals and a prolonged isoelectric period. Moreover, in this condition, oysters presented a biphasic response: initially (phase I), heart rate increased (9.83 ± 0.98 BPM), and consequently the R-R and P-Q intervals decreased (5.86 ± 2.01 s e 1.91 ± 0.13 s, respectively); in phase II, heart rate (3.68 ± 0.82 BPM) and spectral power (21.26 ± 5.44 mV2/Hz x 10-3) decreased and consequently, the R-R interval increased (14.83 ± 2.92 s). But, the P-Q interval remained (2.45 ± 0.65 s) in phase II. The QRS complex of oysters in both phases decreased (Phase I: 0.57 ± 0.13 s; Phase II: 0.62 ± 0.05 s) compared to the immersion exposure condition (0.79 ± 0.09 s). We conclude that air exposure affected cardiac function in C. gasar leading to arrhythmia in response to the beginning of air exposure, as a means of maintaining oxygen supply, followed by bradycardia to decrease metabolism as a survival strategy. The basal responses of the mangrove oyster in the physiological modulation against the environmental factors of the tidal regime provide information about the species for possible application as model organisms in studies of toxicological evaluation of chemical products and in conservation and sustainability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Sofia Cardoso de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca, Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Sildiane Martins Cantanhêde
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca, Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
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30
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Role of Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Dysfunction and Subcellular Defects Due to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071473. [PMID: 35884777 PMCID: PMC9313001 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is well-known to be associated with impaired cardiac function, massive arrhythmias, marked alterations in cardiac metabolism and irreversible ultrastructural changes in the heart. Two major mechanisms namely oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload are considered to explain I/R-induced injury to the heart. However, it is becoming apparent that oxidative stress is the most critical pathogenic factor because it produces myocardial abnormalities directly or indirectly for the occurrence of cardiac damage. Furthermore, I/R injury has been shown to generate oxidative stress by promoting the formation of different reactive oxygen species due to defects in mitochondrial function and depressions in both endogenous antioxidant levels as well as regulatory antioxidative defense systems. It has also been demonstrated to adversely affect a wide variety of metabolic pathways and targets in cardiomyocytes, various resident structures in myocardial interstitium, as well as circulating neutrophils and leukocytes. These I/R-induced alterations in addition to myocardial inflammation may cause cell death, fibrosis, inflammation, Ca2+-handling abnormalities, activation of proteases and phospholipases, as well as subcellular remodeling and depletion of energy stores in the heart. Analysis of results from isolated hearts perfused with or without some antioxidant treatments before subjecting to I/R injury has indicated that cardiac dysfunction is associated with the development of oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+-overload and protease activation. In addition, changes in the sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-handling, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as well as myofibrillar Ca2+-ATPase activities in I/R hearts were attenuated by pretreatment with antioxidants. The I/R-induced alterations in cardiac function were simulated upon perfusing the hearts with oxyradical generating system or oxidant. These observations support the view that oxidative stress may be intimately involved in inducing intracellular Ca2+-overload, protease activation, subcellular remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction as a consequence of I/R injury to the heart.
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31
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Metabolic Determinants in Cardiomyocyte Function and Heart Regenerative Strategies. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060500. [PMID: 35736435 PMCID: PMC9227827 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. The associated pathology is characterized by a loss of cardiomyocytes that leads, eventually, to heart failure. In this context, several cardiac regenerative strategies have been developed, but they still lack clinical effectiveness. The mammalian neonatal heart is capable of substantial regeneration following injury, but this capacity is lost at postnatal stages when cardiomyocytes become terminally differentiated and transit to the fetal metabolic switch. Cardiomyocytes are metabolically versatile cells capable of using an array of fuel sources, and the metabolism of cardiomyocytes suffers extended reprogramming after injury. Apart from energetic sources, metabolites are emerging regulators of epigenetic programs driving cell pluripotency and differentiation. Thus, understanding the metabolic determinants that regulate cardiomyocyte maturation and function is key for unlocking future metabolic interventions for cardiac regeneration. In this review, we will discuss the emerging role of metabolism and nutrient signaling in cardiomyocyte function and repair, as well as whether exploiting this axis could potentiate current cellular regenerative strategies for the mammalian heart.
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Khan A, Iqubal A, Haque SE. Combinatorial Delivery of Cinnamaldehyde and Quercetin Ameliorates Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Inflammation, Apoptosis and Myocardial Infarction via Modulation of NF-kB P65 and Cleaved Caspase-3 Signaling Molecules in Wistar Rats. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Tang SP, Mao XL, Chen YH, Yan LL, Ye LP, Li SW. Reactive Oxygen Species Induce Fatty Liver and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Inflammation and Cell Death. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870239. [PMID: 35572532 PMCID: PMC9098816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is the ultimate method for treating end-stage liver disease. With the increasing prevalence of obesity, the number of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver, a common cause of chronic liver disease, is on the rise and may become the main cause of liver transplantation in the future. With the increasing gap between the number of donor livers and patients waiting for liver transplantation and the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver, the proportion of steatosis livers among non-standard donor organs is also increasing. Ischemia-reperfusion injury has historically been the focus of attention in the liver transplantation process, and severe ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to adverse outcomes of liver transplantation. Studies have shown that the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Furthermore, the sensitivity of fatty liver transplantation to ischemia-reperfusion injury has been suggested to be related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. In ischemia-reperfusion injury, Kupffer cell and macrophage activation along with mitochondrial damage and the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system promote marked reactive oxygen species production and the inflammatory response and apoptosis, resulting in liver tissue injury. The increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation products, vicious circle of ROS and oxidative stress along with mitochondrial dysfunction promoted the progress of non-alcoholic fatty liver. In contrast to the non-fatty liver, a non-alcoholic fatty liver produces more reactive oxygen species and suffers more serious oxidative stress when subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We herein review the effects of reactive oxygen species on ischemia-reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver injury as well as highlight several treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-ping Tang
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xin-li Mao
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Ya-hong Chen
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Ling-ling Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Li-ping Ye
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-ping Ye, ; Shao-wei Li,
| | - Shao-wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-ping Ye, ; Shao-wei Li,
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Ferreri C, Sansone A, Krokidis MG, Masi A, Pascucci B, D’Errico M, Chatgilialoglu C. Effects of Oxygen Tension for Membrane Lipidome Remodeling of Cockayne Syndrome Cell Models. Cells 2022; 11:1286. [PMID: 35455966 PMCID: PMC9032135 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is important for lipid metabolism, being involved in both enzymatic transformations and oxidative reactivity, and is particularly influent when genetic diseases impair the repair machinery of the cells, such as described for Cockayne syndrome (CS). We used two cellular models of transformed fibroblasts defective for CSA and CSB genes and their normal counterparts, grown for 24 h under various oxygen tensions (hyperoxic 21%, physioxic 5% and hypoxic 1%) to examine the fatty acid-based membrane remodeling by GC analysis of fatty acid methyl esters derived from membrane phospholipids. Overall, we first distinguished differences due to oxygen tensions: (a) hyperoxia induced a general boost of desaturase enzymatic activity in both normal and defective CSA and CSB cell lines, increasing monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) did not undergo oxidative consumption; (b) hypoxia slowed down desaturase activities, mostly in CSA cell lines and defective CSB, causing saturated fatty acids (SFA) to increase, whereas PUFA levels diminished, suggesting their involvement in hypoxia-related signaling. CSB-deprived cells are the most sensitive to oxidation and CSA-deprived cells are the most sensitive to the radical-based formation of trans fatty acids (TFA). The results point to the need to finely differentiate biological targets connected to genetic impairments and, consequently, suggest the better definition of cell protection and treatments through accurate molecular profiling that includes membrane lipidomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Sansone
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Marios G. Krokidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens 15310, Greece;
| | - Annalisa Masi
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
- Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy;
| | - Barbara Pascucci
- Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mariarosaria D’Errico
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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35
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Metabolic regulation and dysregulation of endothelial small conductance calcium activated potassium channels. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Sindhu RK, Kaur P, Kaur P, Singh H, Batiha GES, Verma I. Exploring multifunctional antioxidants as potential agents for management of neurological disorders. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:24458-24477. [PMID: 35064486 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Free radical or oxidative stress may be a fundamental mechanism underlying several human neurologic diseases. Therapy using free radical scavengers (antioxidants) has the potential to prevent, delay, or ameliorate many neurologic disorders. However, the biochemistry of oxidative pathobiology is complex, and optimum antioxidant therapeutic options may vary and need to be tailored to individual diseases. In vitro and animal model studies support the potential beneficial role of various antioxidant compounds in neurological disease. Antioxidants generally play an important role in reducing or preventing the cell damage and other changes which occur in the cells like mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA mutations, and lipid peroxidation in the cell membrane. Based on their mechanism of action, antioxidants can be used to treat various neurological disorders like Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Vitamin E has a scavenging action for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and also prevents the lipid peroxidation. Creatine generally reduces the mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Various metal chelators are used in PD for the prevention of accumulation of the metals. Superoxidase dismutase (SOD), lipases, and proteases act as repair enzymes in patients with AD. Accordingly, the antioxidant defense system is found to be most useful for treating various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Sindhu
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India.
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Parneet Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Harmanpreet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Inderjeet Verma
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
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Lodhi S, Stone JP, Entwistle TR, Fildes JE. The Use of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers in Ex Vivo Machine Perfusion of Donor Organs for Transplantation. ASAIO J 2022; 68:461-470. [PMID: 35220355 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been significant progress in the development of ex vivo machine perfusion for the nonischemic preservation of donor organs. However, several complications remain, including the logistics of using human blood for graft oxygenation and hemolysis occurring as a result of mechanical technology. Recently, hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, originally developed for use as blood substitutes, have been studied as an alternative to red blood cell-based perfusates. Although research in this field is somewhat limited, the findings are promising. We offer a brief review of the use of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers in ex vivo machine perfusion and discuss future directions that will likely have a major impact in progressing oxygen carrier use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirat Lodhi
- From the The Ex-Vivo Research Centre, 3F66, Block 3, Alderley Park, Nether Alderley, Cheshire, United Kingdom
- The Ex-Vivo Lab, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - John P Stone
- From the The Ex-Vivo Research Centre, 3F66, Block 3, Alderley Park, Nether Alderley, Cheshire, United Kingdom
- The Ex-Vivo Lab, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Transplant Centre, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy R Entwistle
- From the The Ex-Vivo Research Centre, 3F66, Block 3, Alderley Park, Nether Alderley, Cheshire, United Kingdom
- The Ex-Vivo Lab, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Transplant Centre, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - James E Fildes
- From the The Ex-Vivo Research Centre, 3F66, Block 3, Alderley Park, Nether Alderley, Cheshire, United Kingdom
- The Ex-Vivo Lab, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Transplant Centre, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Modification of Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Alterations in Subcellular Organelles by Ischemic Preconditioning. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073425. [PMID: 35408783 PMCID: PMC8998910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with the compromised recovery of cardiac contractile function. Such an adverse effect of I/R injury in the heart is attributed to the development of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload, which are known to induce remodeling of subcellular organelles such as sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and myofibrils. However, repeated episodes of brief periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion or ischemic preconditioning (IP) have been shown to improve cardiac function and exert cardioprotective actions against the adverse effects of prolonged I/R injury. This protective action of IP in attenuating myocardial damage and subcellular remodeling is likely to be due to marked reductions in the occurrence of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload in cardiomyocytes. In addition, the beneficial actions of IP have been attributed to the depression of proteolytic activities and inflammatory levels of cytokines as well as the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid factor 2-mediated signal transduction pathway. Accordingly, this review is intended to describe some of the changes in subcellular organelles, which are induced in cardiomyocytes by I/R for the occurrence of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload and highlight some of the mechanisms for explaining the cardioprotective effects of IP.
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Ntamo Y, Ziqubu K, Chellan N, Nkambule BB, Nyambuya TM, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Gabuza KB, Orlando P, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Clinical use of N-acetyl cysteine during liver transplantation: Implications of oxidative stress and inflammation as therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Liu Y, Zeng H, Xu J. Recent Advance on Drug Therapy Related to Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) means complete or partial artery obstruction of coronary artery, and ischemic myocardium will be recirculating in a period of time. Although the ischemic myocardium can be restored to normal perfusion, its tissue damage will instead be progressive.
An aggravated pathological process. MIRI is a complex entity where many inflammatory mediators play different roles, both to enhance myocardial infarction-derived damage and to heal injury. Therefore, the research and development of drugs for the prevention and treatment of this period has
also become the focus. This article first studied pathophysiology of MIRI, and reviewed the research progress of MIRI-related drugs. Research results show that: MIRI is inevitable for myocardial ischemia, with the possible to double damage via the ischemic condition. Therefore, it is a serious
complication and one of the most popular diseases in the world. It has always been difficult to find an effective treatment for this disease, because it is difficult to explore the inflammation behind its pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, 410000, China
| | - Hua Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, 410000, China
| | - Junmei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, 410000, China
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Chen QM. Nrf2 for protection against oxidant generation and mitochondrial damage in cardiac injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:133-143. [PMID: 34921930 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is the most common form of acute coronary syndrome. Blockage of a coronary artery due to blood clotting leads to ischemia and subsequent cell death in the form of necrosis, apoptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis. Revascularization by coronary artery bypass graft surgery or non-surgical percutaneous coronary intervention combined with pharmacotherapy is effective in relieving symptoms and decreasing mortality. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from damaged mitochondria, NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and inflammation. Impairment of mitochondria is shown as decreased metabolic activity, increased ROS production, membrane permeability transition, and release of mitochondrial proteins into the cytoplasm. Oxidative stress activates Nrf2 transcription factor, which in turn mediates the expression of mitofusin 2 (Mfn 2) and proteasomal genes. Increased expression of Mfn2 and inhibition of mitochondrial fission due to decreased Drp1 protein by proteasomal degradation contribute to mitochondrial hyperfusion. Damaged mitochondria can be removed by mitophagy via Parkin or p62 mediated ubiquitination. Mitochondrial biogenesis compensates for the loss of mitochondria, but requires mitochondrial DNA replication and initiation of transcription or translation of mitochondrial genes. Experimental evidence supports a role of Nrf2 in mitophagy, via up-regulation of PINK1 or p62 gene expression; and in mitochondrial biogenesis, by influencing the expression of PGC-1α, NResF1, NResF2, TFAM and mitochondrial genes. Oxidative stress causes Nrf2 activation via Keap1 dissociation, de novo protein translation, and nuclear translocation related to inactivation of GSK3β. The mechanism of Keap 1 mediated Nrf2 activation has been hijacked for Nrf2 activation by small molecules derived from natural products, some of which have been shown capable of mitochondrial protection. Multiple lines of evidence support the importance of Nrf2 in protecting mitochondria and preserving or renewing energy metabolism following tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin M Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States.
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Bardallo RG, Company-Marin I, Folch-Puy E, Roselló-Catafau J, Panisello-Rosello A, Carbonell T. PEG35 and Glutathione Improve Mitochondrial Function and Reduce Oxidative Stress in Cold Fatty Liver Graft Preservation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010158. [PMID: 35052662 PMCID: PMC8772919 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The need to meet the demand for transplants entails the use of steatotic livers, more vulnerable to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Therefore, finding the optimal composition of static cold storage (SCS) preservation solutions is crucial. Given that ROS regulation is a therapeutic strategy for liver IR injury, we have added increasing concentrations of PEG35 and glutathione (GSH) to the preservation solutions (IGL-1 and IGL-2) and evaluated the possible protection against energy depletion and oxidative stress. Fatty livers from obese Zücker rats were isolated and randomly distributed in the control (Sham) preserved (24 h at 4 °C) in IGL-0 (without PEG35 and 3 mmol/L GSH), IGL-1 (1 g/L PEG35, and 3 mmol/L GSH), and IGL-2 (5 g/L PEG35 and 9 mmol/L GSH). Energy metabolites (ATP and succinate) and the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes (OXPHOS) were determined. Mitochondrial carrier uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and the inflammasome (NLRP3) expressions were analyzed. As biomarkers of oxidative stress, protein oxidation (AOPP) and carbonylation (DNP derivatives), and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA)–thiobarbituric acid (TBA) adducts) were measured. In addition, the reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) and enzymatic (Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, GSH S-T, GSH-Px, and GSH-R) antioxidant capacities were determined. Our results showed that the cold preservation of fatty liver graft depleted ATP, accumulated succinate and increased oxidative stress. In contrast, the preservation with IGL-2 solution maintained ATP production, decreased succinate levels and increased OXPHOS complexes I and II, UCP2, and PINK-1 expression, therefore maintaining mitochondrial integrity. IGL-2 also protected against oxidative stress by increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 expression and GSH levels. Therefore, the presence of PEG35 in storage solutions may be a valuable option as an antioxidant agent for organ preservation in clinical transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel G. Bardallo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.B.); (I.C.-M.)
| | - Idoia Company-Marin
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.B.); (I.C.-M.)
| | - Emma Folch-Puy
- Experimental Pathology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.F.-P.); (J.R.-C.); (A.P.-R.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Roselló-Catafau
- Experimental Pathology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.F.-P.); (J.R.-C.); (A.P.-R.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Panisello-Rosello
- Experimental Pathology Department, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.F.-P.); (J.R.-C.); (A.P.-R.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.B.); (I.C.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhong Y, Ru C, Wang S, Li Z, Cheng Y. An online, non-destructive method for simultaneously detecting chemical, biological, and physical properties of herbal injections using hyperspectral imaging with artificial intelligence. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120250. [PMID: 34391991 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Botanical drugs hold great potential to prevent and treat complex diseases. Quality control is essential in ensuring the safety, efficacy, and therapeutic consistency of these drug products. The quality of a botanical drug product can be assessed using a variety of analytical methods based on criteria that judge the identity, strength, purity, and potency. However, most of these methods are developed on separate analytical platforms, and few approaches are available for in-process monitoring of multiple quality properties in a non-destructive manner. Here, we present a hyperspectral imaging-based strategy for online measurement of physical, chemical, and biological properties of botanical drugs using artificial intelligence algorithms. An end-to-end convolutional neural network (CNN) model was established to accurately determine phytochemicals and bioactivities based on the spectra. Besides, a new dual-scale anomaly (DSA) detection algorithm was proposed for visible particle inspection based on the images. The strategy was exemplified on Shuxuening Injection, a Ginkgo biloba-derived drug used in the treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Four quality metrics of the injection, including total flavonol, total ginkgolides, antioxidant activity, and anticoagulant activity, were successfully predicted by the CNN model with validation R2 of 0.922, 0.921, 0.880, and 0.913 respectively, showing better performance than the other models. Unqualified samples with visible particles could be detected by DSA with a low false alarm rate of 9.38 %. Chromaticity results indicated that the inter-company variations of color were significant, while intra-company variations were relatively small. This demonstrates a real application of integrating hyperspectral imaging with artificial intelligence to provide a rapid, accurate, and non-destructive approach for process analysis of botanical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chenlei Ru
- Industrial Engineering Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yiyu Cheng
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Liu M, Liu P, Zheng B, Liu Y, Li L, Han X, Liu Y, Chu L. Cardioprotective effects of alantolactone on isoproterenol-induced cardiac injury and cobalt chloride-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:20587384211051993. [PMID: 34986670 PMCID: PMC8744082 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211051993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alantolactone (AL) is a compound extracted from the roots of Inula Racemosa that has shown beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease. However, the cardioprotective mechanism of AL against hypoxic/ischemic (H/I) injury is still unclear. This research aimed to determine AL's ability to protect the heart against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI injury in vivo and cobalt chloride (CoCl2) induced H/I injury in vitro. METHODS Electrocardiography (ECG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assays in addition to histological analysis of the myocardium were used to investigate the effects of AL in vivo. Influences of AL on L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L) in isolated rat myocytes were observed by the patch-clamp technique. Furthermore, cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress injury, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular Ca2+ concentration were examined in vitro. RESULTS The results indicated that AL treatment ameliorated the morphological and ECG changes associated with MI, and decreased levels of LDH, CK, and cTnI. Furthermore, pretreatment with AL elevated antioxidant enzyme activity and suppressed ROS production. AL prevented H/I-induced apoptosis, mitochondria damage, and calcium overload while reducing ICa-L in a concentration and time dependent fashion. The 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) and maximal inhibitory effect (Emax) of AL were 17.29 μmol/L and 57.73 ± 1.05%, respectively. CONCLUSION AL attenuated MI-related injury by reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium overload, and mitochondria damage. These cardioprotective effects may be related to the direct inhibition of ICa-L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yangshuang Liu
- Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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Gu QL, Jiang P, Ruan HF, Tang H, Liang YB, Ma ZF, Zhan H. The expression of oxidative stress genes related to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. World J Emerg Med 2022; 13:106-113. [PMID: 35237363 PMCID: PMC8861342 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2022.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the gene expression of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using stress and toxicity pathway gene chip technology and try to determine the underlying mechanism. METHODS The mononuclear cells were separated by ficoll centrifugation, and plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was determined by the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. The expression of toxic oxidative stress genes was determined and verified by oligo gene chip and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Additionally, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed on DAVID website to analyze the potential mechanism further. RESULTS The total numbers of white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils (N) in the peripheral blood of STEMI patients (the AMI group) were significantly higher than those in the control group (WBC: 11.67±4.85 ×109/L vs. 6.41±0.72 ×109/L, P<0.05; N: 9.27±4.75 ×109/L vs. 3.89±0.81 ×109/L, P<0.05), and WBCs were significantly associated with creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) on the first day (Y=8.945+0.018X, P<0.05). In addition, the T-AOC was significantly lower in the AMI group comparing to the control group (12.80±1.79 U/mL vs. 20.48±2.55 U/mL, P<0.05). According to the gene analysis, eight up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) included GADD45A, PRDX2, HSPD1, DNAJB1, DNAJB2, RAD50, TNFSF6, and TRADD. Four down-regulated DEGs contained CCNG1, CAT, CYP1A1, and ATM. TNFSF6 and CYP1A1 were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to verify the expression at different time points, and the results showed that TNFSF6 was up-regulated and CYP1A1 was down-regulated as the total expression. GO and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis suggested that the oxidative stress genes mediate MIRI via various ways such as unfolded protein response (UPR) and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS WBCs, especially neutrophils, were the critical cells that mediating reperfusion injury. MIRI was regulated by various genes, including oxidative metabolic stress, heat shock, DNA damage and repair, and apoptosis-related genes. The underlying pathway may be associated with UPR and apoptosis, which may be the novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-lin Gu
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hui-fen Ruan
- Huangpu District Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yang-bing Liang
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhong-fu Ma
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hong Zhan
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
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Shilo M, Oved H, Wertheim L, Gal I, Noor N, Green O, Baruch E, Shabat D, Shapira A, Dvir T. Injectable Nanocomposite Implants Reduce ROS Accumulation and Improve Heart Function after Infarction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102919. [PMID: 34719885 PMCID: PMC8693049 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In a myocardial infarction, blood supply to the left ventricle is abrogated due to blockage of one of the coronary arteries, leading to ischemia, which further triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These sequential processes eventually lead to the death of contractile cells and affect the integrity of blood vessels, resulting in the formation of scar tissue. A new heart therapy comprised of cardiac implants encapsulated within an injectable extracellular matrix-gold nanoparticle composite hydrogel is reported. The particles on the collagenous fibers within the hydrogel promote fast transfer of electrical signal between cardiac cells, leading to the functional assembly of the cardiac implants. The composite hydrogel is shown to absorb reactive oxygen species in vitro and in vivo in mice ischemia reperfusion model. The reduction in ROS levels preserve cardiac tissue morphology and blood vessel integrity, reduce the scar size and the inflammatory response, and significantly prevent the deterioration of heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malka Shilo
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Hadas Oved
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Lior Wertheim
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Idan Gal
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Nadav Noor
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Ori Green
- School of ChemistryFaculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Ester‐Sapir Baruch
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of ChemistryFaculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Assaf Shapira
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Tal Dvir
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- The Department of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- Sagol Center for Regenerative BiotechnologyTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
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47
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Chen X, Xie Q, Zhu Y, Xu J, Lin G, Liu S, Su Z, Lai X, Li Q, Xie J, Yang X. Cardio-protective effect of tetrahydrocurcumin, the primary hydrogenated metabolite of curcumin in vivo and in vitro: Induction of apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174495. [PMID: 34555398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) is an essential metabolite of curcumin, a major active component of the Curcuma species, which have been used traditionally for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways serve a vital role during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective potential and mechanism of THC. In the in vivo study, an animal model of MI/R was induced by coronary occlusion. Results indicated that THC (50 mg/kg/day) protected the rat hearts from MI/R-induced heart failure by increasing ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) and decreasing left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV). THC also reduced myocardial infarct size and apoptosis. Furthermore, H9c2 cells were incubated with THC (20 μM) to explore its potential effect following exposure to hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R). THC post-treatment significantly augmented cell viability and prevented lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after H/R exposure. THC effectively improved antioxidant activity by increasing SOD and CAT activities and decreasing MDA level. THC also enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited apoptotic cell death, diminished the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 level relative to the H/R model. In addition, THC effectively decreased Beclin1 expression and LC3 II/LC3 I ratio, but increased p62 expression, compared with the H/R model group, and decreased the formation of H/R-induced autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Furthermore, THC promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and induced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) after H/R. However, these effects on H9c2 cells were notably abolished by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. In conclusion, THC effectively inhibited H/R-induced autophagy and apoptosis via, at least partially, activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. THC might have the potential to be further developed into a potential candidate for the treatment of MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qingfeng Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- The Second School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Guoshu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shujun Liu
- The Second School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, PR China.
| | - Qian Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Shah AK, Dhalla NS. Effectiveness of Some Vitamins in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:729255. [PMID: 34690803 PMCID: PMC8531219 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.729255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
By virtue of their regulatory role in various metabolic and biosynthetic pathways for energy status and cellular integrity, both hydro-soluble and lipo-soluble vitamins are considered to be involved in maintaining cardiovascular function in health and disease. Deficiency of some vitamins such as vitamin A, B6, folic acid, C, D, and E has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular abnormalities whereas supplementation with these vitamins has been claimed to reduce cardiovascular risk for hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, and heart failure. However, the data from several experimental and clinical studies for the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease due to vitamin deficiency as well as therapy due to different vitamins are conflicting. In this article, we have attempted to review the existing literature on the role of different vitamins in cardiovascular disease with respect to their deficiency and supplementation in addition to examining some issues regarding their involvement in heart disease. Although both epidemiological and observational studies have shown some merit in the use of different antioxidant vitamins for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, the results are not conclusive. Furthermore, in view of the complexities in the mechanisms of different cardiovascular disorders, no apparent involvement of any particular vitamin was seen in any specific cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, we have reviewed the evidence that deficiency of vitamin B6 promoted KCl-induced Ca2+ entry and reduced ATP-induced Ca2+-entry in cardiomyocytes in addition to decreasing sarcolemmal (SL) ATP binding. The active metabolite of vitamin B6, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, attenuated arrhythmias due to myocardial infarction (MI) as well as cardiac dysfunction and defects in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-transport in the ischemic-reperfused hearts. These observations indicate that both deficiency of some vitamins as well as pretreatments with different vitamins showing antioxidant activity affect cardiac function, metabolism and cation transport, and support the view that antioxidant vitamins or their metabolites may be involved in the prevention rather than the therapy of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anureet K Shah
- School of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Naranjan S Dhalla
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Max Rady College of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Crewe C, Funcke JB, Li S, Joffin N, Gliniak CM, Ghaben AL, An YA, Sadek HA, Gordillo R, Akgul Y, Chen S, Samovski D, Fischer-Posovszky P, Kusminski CM, Klein S, Scherer PE. Extracellular vesicle-based interorgan transport of mitochondria from energetically stressed adipocytes. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1853-1868.e11. [PMID: 34418352 PMCID: PMC8429176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes undergo intense energetic stress in obesity resulting in loss of mitochondrial mass and function. We have found that adipocytes respond to mitochondrial stress by rapidly and robustly releasing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). These sEVs contain respiration-competent, but oxidatively damaged mitochondrial particles, which enter circulation and are taken up by cardiomyocytes, where they trigger a burst of ROS. The result is compensatory antioxidant signaling in the heart that protects cardiomyocytes from acute oxidative stress, consistent with a preconditioning paradigm. As such, a single injection of sEVs from energetically stressed adipocytes limits cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. This study provides the first description of functional mitochondrial transfer between tissues and the first vertebrate example of "inter-organ mitohormesis." Thus, these seemingly toxic adipocyte sEVs may provide a physiological avenue of potent cardio-protection against the inevitable lipotoxic or ischemic stresses elicited by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shujuan Li
- Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yucel Akgul
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dmitri Samovski
- Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Phloretin Alleviates Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Apoptosis of H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts via Downregulation in Ca 2+/Calcineurin/NFATc Pathway and Inflammatory Cytokine Release. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:642-654. [PMID: 34037972 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09655-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is among the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia patients, but its clinical use is hampered due to cardiotoxicity. The present investigation unveils the mechanism underlying ATO-induced oxidative stress that promotes calcineurin (a ubiquitous Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase expressed only during sustained Ca2+ elevation) expression, inflammatory cytokine release and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, and its possible modulation with phloretin (PHL, an antioxidant polyphenol present in apple peel). ATO caused Ca2+ overload resulting in elevated expression of calcineurin and its downstream transcriptional effector NFATc causing the release of cytokines such as IL-2, IL-6, MCP-1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in H9c2 cardiomyoblast. There was a visible increase in the nuclear fraction of NF-κB and ROS-mediated apoptotic cell death. The expression levels of cardiac-specific genes (troponin, desmin, and caveolin-3) and genes of the apoptotic signaling pathway (BCL-2, BAX, IGF1, AKT, ERK1, -2, RAF1, and JNK) in response to ATO and PHL were studied. The putative binding mode and the potential ligand-target interactions of PHL with calcineurin using docking software (Autodock and iGEMDOCKv2) showed the high binding affinity of PHL to calcineurin. PHL co-treatment significantly reduced Ca2+ influx and normalized the expression of calcineurin, NFATc, NF-κB, and other cytokines. PHL co-treatment resulted in activation of BCL-2, IGF1, AKT, RAF1, ERK1, and ERK2 and inhibition of BAX and JNK. Overall, these results revealed that PHL has a protective effect against ATO-induced apoptosis and we propose calcineurin as a druggable target for the interaction of PHL in ATO cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells.
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