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Ryu JS, Ko K, Ko K, Kim JS, Kim SU, Chang KT, Choo YK. Roles of gangliosides in the differentiation of mouse pluripotent stem cells to neural stem cells and neural cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:987-993. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Halder D, Mandal C, Lee BH, Lee JS, Choi MR, Chai JC, Lee YS, Jung KH, Chai YG. PCDHB14- and GABRB1-like nervous system developmental genes are altered during early neuronal differentiation of NCCIT cells treated with ethanol. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 34:1017-27. [PMID: 25566775 DOI: 10.1177/0960327114566827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) exposure during embryonic development causes dysfunction of the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we examined the effects of chronic EtOH on gene expression during early stages of neuronal differentiation. Human embryonic carcinoma (NCCIT) cells were differentiated into neuronal precursors/lineages in the presence or absence of EtOH and folic acid. Gene expression profiling and pathway analysis demonstrated that EtOH deregulates many genes and pathways that are involved in early brain development. EtOH exposure downregulated several important genes, such as PCDHB14, GABRB1, CTNND2, NAV3, RALDH1, and OPN5, which are involved in CNS development, synapse assembly, synaptic transmission, and neurotransmitter receptor activity. GeneGo pathway analysis revealed that the deregulated genes mapped to disease pathways that were relevant to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD, such as neurotic disorders, epilepsy, and alcohol-related disorders). In conclusion, these findings suggest that the impairment of the neurological system or suboptimal synapse formation resulting from EtOH exposure could underlie the neurodevelopmental disorders in individuals with FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Halder
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - C Mandal
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - B H Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea KARF Hospital, the Korean Alcohol Research Foundation, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- KARF Hospital, the Korean Alcohol Research Foundation, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - M R Choi
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - J C Chai
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Jung
- Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Chai
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Moussavou G, Kwak DH, Lim MU, Kim JS, Kim SU, Chang KT, Choo YK. Role of gangliosides in the differentiation of human mesenchymal-derived stem cells into osteoblasts and neuronal cells. BMB Rep 2014; 46:527-32. [PMID: 24152915 PMCID: PMC4133840 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2013.46.11.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are complex glycosphingolipids that are the major component of cytoplasmic cell membranes, and play a role in the control of biological processes. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have received considerable attention as alternative sources of adult stem cells because of their potential to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. In this study, we focus on various functional roles of gangliosides in the differentiation of hMSCs into osteoblasts or neuronal cells. A relationship between gangliosides and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation during osteoblastic differentiation of hMSCs was observed, and the gangliosides may play a major role in the regulation of the differentiation. The roles of gangliosides in osteoblast differentiation are dependent on the origin of hMSCs. The reduction of ganglioside biosynthesis inhibited the neuronal differentiation of hMSCs during an early stage of the differentiation process, and the ganglioside expression can be used as a marker for the identification of neuronal differentiation from hMSCs. [BMB Reports 2013; 46(11): 527-532]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislain Moussavou
- Department of Biological Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea
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Lee SH, Kwak DH, Ryu JS, Lim MU, Kim JS, Kim SU, Chang KT, Choo YK. Differential expression pattern of gangliosides during the differentiation of human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells into dopaminergic neural-like cells. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2014.909370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Kwak DH, Jin JW, Ryu JS, Ko K, Lee SD, Lee JW, Kim JS, Jung KY, Ko K, Ma JY, Hwang KA, Chang KT, Choo YK. Regulatory roles of ganglioside GQ1b in neuronal cell differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. BMB Rep 2011; 44:799-804. [PMID: 22189683 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2011.44.12.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides play an important role in neuronal differentiation processes. The regulation of ganglioside levels is related to the induction of neuronal cell differentiation. In this study, the ST8Sia5 gene was transfected into mESCs and then differentiated into neuronal cells. Interestingly, ST8Sia5 gene transfected mESCs expressed GQ1b by HPTLC and immunofluorescence analysis. To investigate the effects of GQ1b over-expression in neurogenesis, neuronal cells were differentiated from GQ1b expressing mESCs in the presence of retinoic acid. In GQ1b expressing mESCs, increased EBs formation was observed. After 4 days, EBs were co-localized with GQ1b and nestin, and GFAP. Moreover, GQ1b co-localized with MAP-2 expressing cells in GQ1b expressing mESCs in 7-day-old EBs. Furthermore, GQ1b expressing mESCs increased the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathway. These results suggest that the ST8Sia5 gene increases ganglioside GQ1b and improves neuronal differentiation via the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Kwak
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749 Korea
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Kwak DH, Seo BB, Chang KT, Choo YK. Roles of gangliosides in mouse embryogenesis and embryonic stem cell differentiation. Exp Mol Med 2011; 43:379-88. [PMID: 21654188 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2011.43.7.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides have been suggested to play important roles in various functions such as adhesion, cell differentiation, growth control, and signaling. Mouse follicular development, ovulation, and luteinization during the estrous cycle are regulated by several hormones and cell-cell interactions. In addition, spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules of adult testes is also regulated by several hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and cell-cell interactions. The regulation of these processes by hormones and cell-cell interactions provides evidence for the importance of surface membrane components, including gangliosides. During preimplantation embryo development, a mammalian embryo undergoes a series of cleavage divisions whereby a zygote is converted into a blastocyst that is sufficiently competent to be implanted in the ma ternal uterus and continue its development. Mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells are pluripotent cells derived from mouse embryo, specifically, from the inner cell mass of blastocysts. Differentiated neuronal cells are derived from mES cells through the formation of embryonic bodies (EBs). EBs recapitulate many aspects of lineage-specific differentiation and temporal and spatial gene expression patterns during early embryogenesis. Previous studies on ganglioside expression during mouse embryonic development (including during in vitro fertilization, ovulation, spermatogenesis, and embryogenesis) reported that gangliosides were expressed in both undifferentiated and differentiated (or differentiating) mES cells. In this review, we summarize some of the advances in our understanding of the functional roles of gangliosides during the stages of mouse embryonic development, including ovulation, spermatogenesis, and embryogenesis, focusing on undifferentiated and differentiated mES cells (neuronal cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Kwak
- Department of Biological Science College of Natural Sciences Biotechnology Institute Wonkwang University Iksan, Korea
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Lee DH, Koo DB, Ko K, Ko K, Kim SM, Jung JU, Ryu JS, Jin JW, Yang HJ, Do SI, Jung KY, Choo YK. Effects of daunorubicin on ganglioside expression and neuronal differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 362:313-8. [PMID: 17707770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides are implicated in neuronal development processes. The regulation of ganglioside levels is closely related to the induction of neuronal cell differentiation. In this study, the relationship between ganglioside expression and neuronal cell development was investigated using an in vitro model of neural differentiation from mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells. Daunorubicin (DNR) was applied to induce the expression of gangliosides in embryoid body (EB) (4+). We observed an increase in expression of gangliosides in all stages of EBs by treatment of DNR (2microM). High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) showed that gangliosides GD3, GD1a, GT1b, and GQ1b increased in DNR-treated 7-day-old EB (4+) [EB (4+):7]. DNR treatment significantly increased the expression of gangliosides, especially GT1b and GQ1b in comparison to control cells. Interestingly, GQ1b co-localized with microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2) expressing cells in DNR-treated EB (4+):7. The co-localization of GQ1b and MAP-2 was found in neurite-bearing cells in DNR-treated 15-day-old EB (4+) [EB (4+):15], whereas no significant expression of GQ1b and less neurite formation were observed in untreated control. Also, the expression of synaptophysin and NF200, both neuronal markers associated with neruites, was increased by DNR treatment. These results demonstrate that DNR increases expression of gangliosides, especially GQ1b, in differentiating neuronal cells. Further, neurite-bearing neuronal cell differentiation can be facilitated by DNR, possibly through the induction of gangliosides. Thus, the present data suggest that DNR is beneficial for facilitating neuronal differentiation from ES cells and among the gangliosides analyzed in the present study, GQ1b is mainly involved in neurite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, 344-2 Shinyong-dong, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Matsuda J, Vanier MT, Popa I, Portoukalian J, Suzuki K. GD3- and O-acetylated GD3-gangliosides in the GM2 synthase-deficient mouse brain and their immunohistochemical localization. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2006; 82:189-196. [PMID: 25792782 PMCID: PMC4338816 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.82.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 06/12/2006] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides in the brain of the knockout mouse deficient in the activity of β1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase (β1,4 GalNAc-T)(GM2 synthase) consisted of nearly exclusively of GM3- and GD3-gangliosides as expected from the known substrate specificity of the enzyme and in confirmation of the initial reports from two laboratories that generated the mutant mouse experimentally. The total molar amount of gangliosides was approximately 30% higher in the mutant mouse brain than that in the wild-type brain. However, contrary to the initial reports, one-fourth of total GD3-ganglioside was O-acetylated. It reacted positively with an anti-O-acetylated GD3 monoclonal antibody and disappeared with a corresponding increase in GD3-ganglioside after mild alkaline treatment. The absence of O-acetylated GD3 in the initial reports can be explained by the saponification step included in their analytical procedures. Although quantitatively much less and identification tentative, we also detected GT3 and O-acetylated GT3. Anti-GD3 and anti-O-acetylated GD3 monoclonal antibodies gave positive reactions in the brain of mutant mouse as expected from the analytical results. Either antibody barely stained wild-type brain except for immunoreactivity of GD3 in the cerebellar Purkinje cells. The distributions of GD3 and O-acetylated GD3 in the brain of mutant mouse were similar but differential localization was noted in the cerebellar Purkinje cells and cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Matsuda
- Institute of Glycotechnology, Future Science and Technology Joint Research Center, Tokai University, Kanagawa,
Japan
| | - Marie T. Vanier
- INSERM U 499, RTH Laënnec School of Medicine, and Fondation Gillet-Mérieux, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Lyon,
France
| | - Iuliana Popa
- EA-3732 University of Lyon-1, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Pierre-Benite,
France
| | | | - Kunihiko Suzuki
- Institute of Glycotechnology, Future Science and Technology Joint Research Center, Tokai University, Kanagawa,
Japan
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Sato T, Zakaria AM, Uemura S, Ishii A, Ohno-Iwashita Y, Igarashi Y, Inokuchi JI. Role for up-regulated ganglioside biosynthesis and association of Src family kinases with microdomains in retinoic acid-induced differentiation of F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. Glycobiology 2005; 15:687-99. [PMID: 15788739 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwi055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse F9 embryonal carcinoma cells have been widely used as a model for studying the mechanism of embryonic differentiation, because they are similar to the inner cell mass of early mouse embryos and can differentiate into primitive endoderm (PrE) following retinoic acid (RA) treatment. During F9 cell differentiation, the carbohydrate chains of glycoproteins and their corresponding glycosyltransferases are known to undergo rapid changes. However, there have been no corresponding reports on the expression of gangliosides. We have developed a custom cDNA array that is highly sensitive for the genes responsible for sphingolipid (SL) biosynthesis and metabolism. Using this, we found that, of the 28 selected genes, 26 exhibited increased expression during F9 differentiation into PrE. Although neutral glycosphingolipids (GSLs) were expressed at similar levels before and after differentiation, a greater than 20-fold increase in total ganglioside content was evident in PrE. Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors (d-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol [d-PDMP] and its analog) depleted gangliosides and this resulted in delayed expression of Disabled-2 (Dab-2), suggesting the involvement of gangliosides in F9 cell differentiation. Disruption of cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MbetaCD) also delayed differentiation. Both MbetaCD and d-PDMP blocked the accumulation of Src family kinases (SFKs) to microdomains. However, d-PDMP did not block flotillin accumulation, yet MbetaCD did. Additionally, confocal laser microscopy revealed the formation of distinct functional microdomains integrating SFKs with gangliosides and cholesterol during PrE differentiation. Thus, we demonstrate the outstanding up-regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis and its importance in the formation of distinct microdomains incorporating SFKs with gangliosides during RA-induced differentiation of F9 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashige Sato
- Department of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Kita 21-Nishi 10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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Colombaioni L, Garcia-Gil M. Sphingolipid metabolites in neural signalling and function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 46:328-55. [PMID: 15571774 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and complex sphingolipids (gangliosides), are recognized as molecules capable of regulating a variety of cellular processes. The role of sphingolipid metabolites has been studied mainly in non-neuronal tissues. These studies have underscored their importance as signals transducers, involved in control of proliferation, survival, differentiation and apoptosis. In this review, we will focus on studies performed over the last years in the nervous system, discussing the recent developments and the current perspectives in sphingolipid metabolism and functions.
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Kraveka JM, Li L, Bielawski J, Obeid LM, Ogretmen B. Involvement of endogenous ceramide in the inhibition of telomerase activity and induction of morphologic differentiation in response to all-trans-retinoic acid in human neuroblastoma cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2003; 419:110-9. [PMID: 14592454 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2003.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the role of endogenous ceramide in the inhibition of telomerase and induction of morphologic differentiation in response to all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in the SK-N-SH and SK-N-AS human neuroblastoma cell lines. The results showed that ATRA inhibited the activity of telomerase significantly in a time- and dose-dependent manner, as determined by telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). The inhibition of telomerase by ATRA was maximum (about 50-80% of untreated controls) at 5-10 microM for 4-8 days. Treatment of cells with ATRA (5 microM) also resulted in the inhibition of growth by about 30-70% after 4 and 8 days of treatment, respectively, which was measured by trypan blue exclusion method. Measurement of accumulation of endogenous ceramide by high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) showed that treatment of cells with ATRA resulted in increased levels of mainly C24:0 and C24:1 ceramides at days 2, 4, and 8, respectively. Also, treatment of cells with ATRA in the presence of myriocin blocked the accumulation of ceramide significantly, and more importantly, presence of myriocin partially prevented the inhibition of telomerase. Mechanistically, inhibition of telomerase by endogenous ceramide in response to ATRA treatment involves, at least in part, down-regulation of the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA, as determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, in these cells. In addition, the modulation of telomerase activity by ATRA correlated with the induction of morphologic differentiation, which was also blocked by myriocin, as determined by extension of neurites using phase-contrast microscopy. These results, therefore, reveal an important effect of ATRA on telomerase inhibition and induction of morphologic differentiation in human neuroblastoma cells. These data also demonstrate that endogenous ceramide is one of the upstream regulators of telomerase activity in human neuroblastoma cells in response to ATRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Kraveka
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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