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Han Y, Xu T, Chen H, Tang M. Sugar metabolism and 14-3-3 protein genes expression induced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus addition to response drought stress in Populus cathayana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 288:154075. [PMID: 37643547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Sugar, as a nutrient exchange substance between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and host plants, plays an important role in the abiotic stress response of mycorrhizal plants. This experiment aimed to study the effects of AM fungi and phosphorus (P) addition on the sugar metabolism and 14-3-3 gene expression of Populus cathayana under drought stress. The results showed that drought affects the process of sugar metabolism by increasing the activities of amylase and invertase, resulting in the decrease of starch content in leaves and roots and the accumulation of soluble sugars (including reducing sugar and sucrose) in roots. Under drought stress, the activity or content of sucrose synthetase, sucrose phosphate synthase, acid invertase, alkaline invertase, reducing sugar, soluble sugar, sucrose, and starch in the root showed the best mycorrhizal effect at the 100 mg P level. The expression levels of the 14-3-3 genes (PcGRF10 and PcGRF11) were significantly increased by mycorrhizal induction under drought stress. These levels were positively correlated with SS, SPS, sucrose, and starch phosphorylase in leaves, as well as with almost all sugar metabolism indicators in roots. However, they were negatively correlated with starch content in both leaves and roots. Sugar metabolism and 14-3-3 protein gene expression were induced by AM fungi and P addition in response to drought stress. The 14-3-3 genes induced by AM fungi may be involved in participating in osmotic regulation during drought stress. This study provides a new idea for the mechanism of sugar metabolism of mycorrhizal plants in arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Han
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Tingying Xu
- Boone Pickens School of Geology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Zhang Z, Gangurde SS, Chen S, Mandlik RR, Liu H, Deshmukh R, Xu J, Wu Z, Hong Y, Li Y. Overexpression of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) AhGRFi gene enhanced root growth inhibition under exogenous NAA treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1184058. [PMID: 37416889 PMCID: PMC10321354 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1184058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 protein is a kind of evolutionary ubiquitous protein family highly conserved in eukaryotes. Initially, 14-3-3 proteins were reported in mammalian nervous tissues, but in the last decade, their role in various metabolic pathways in plants established the importance of 14-3-3 proteins. In the present study, a total of 22 14-3-3 genes, also called general regulatory factors (GRF), were identified in the peanut (Arachis hypogaea) genome, out of which 12 belonged to the ε group, whereas 10 of them belonged to the non- ε-group. Tissue-specific expression of identified 14-3-3 genes were studied using transcriptome analysis. The peanut AhGRFi gene was cloned and transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana. The investigation of subcellular localization indicated that AhGRFi is localized in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of the AhGRFi gene in transgenic Arabidopsis showed that under exogenous 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) treatment, root growth inhibition in transgenic plants was enhanced. Further analysis indicated that the expression of auxin-responsive genes IAA3, IAA7, IAA17, and SAUR-AC1 was upregulated and GH3.2 and GH3.3 were downregulated in transgenic plants, but the expression of GH3.2, GH3.3, and SAUR-AC1 showed opposite trends of change under NAA treatment. These results suggest that AhGRFi may be involved in auxin signaling during seedling root development. An in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of this process remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sunil S. Gangurde
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Songbin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rushil Ramesh Mandlik
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Jialing Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongkang Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Hong
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Carrillo L, Baroja-Fernández E, Renau-Morata B, Muñoz FJ, Canales J, Ciordia S, Yang L, Sánchez-López ÁM, Nebauer SG, Ceballos MG, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Molina RV, Pozueta-Romero J, Medina J. Ectopic expression of the AtCDF1 transcription factor in potato enhances tuber starch and amino acid contents and yield under open field conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1010669. [PMID: 36937996 PMCID: PMC10014720 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1010669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cycling Dof transcription factors (CDFs) have been involved in different aspects of plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis and tomato, one member of this family (CDF1) has recently been associated with the regulation of primary metabolism and abiotic stress responses, but their roles in crop production under open field conditions remain unknown. METHODS In this study, we compared the growth, and tuber yield and composition of plants ectopically expressing the CDF1 gene from Arabidopsis under the control of the 35S promoter with wild-type (WT) potato plants cultured in growth chamber and open field conditions. RESULTS In growth chambers, the 35S::AtCDF1 plants showed a greater tuber yield than the WT by increasing the biomass partition for tuber development. Under field conditions, the ectopic expression of CDF1 also promoted the sink strength of the tubers, since 35S::AtCDF1 plants exhibited significant increases in tuber size and weight resulting in higher tuber yield. A metabolomic analysis revealed that tubers of 35S::AtCDF1 plants cultured under open field conditions accumulated higher levels of glucose, starch and amino acids than WT tubers. A comparative proteomic analysis of tubers of 35S::AtCDF1 and WT plants cultured under open field conditions revealed that these changes can be accounted for changes in the expression of proteins involved in energy production and different aspects of C and N metabolism. DISCUSSION The results from this study advance our collective understanding of the role of CDFs and are of great interest for the purposes of improving the yield and breeding of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carrillo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edurne Baroja-Fernández
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Begoña Renau-Morata
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universitat de València. Vicent Andrés Estellés, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Muñoz
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Javier Canales
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- ANID–Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Unidad Proteomica (CNB), Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lu Yang
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sergio G. Nebauer
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València., València, Spain
| | - Mar G. Ceballos
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vicente-Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa V. Molina
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València., València, Spain
| | - Javier Pozueta-Romero
- Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture “La Mayora” (IHSM), CSIC-UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Joaquín Medina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
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Pertl-Obermeyer H, Gimeno A, Kuchler V, Servili E, Huang S, Fang H, Lang V, Sydow K, Pöckl M, Schulze WX, Obermeyer G. pH modulates interaction of 14-3-3 proteins with pollen plasma membrane H+ ATPases independently from phosphorylation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:168-181. [PMID: 34467995 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollen grains transport the sperm cells through the style tissue via a fast-growing pollen tube to the ovaries where fertilization takes place. Pollen tube growth requires a precisely regulated network of cellular as well as molecular events including the activity of the plasma membrane H+ ATPase, which is known to be regulated by reversible protein phosphorylation and subsequent binding of 14-3-3 isoforms. Immunodetection of the phosphorylated penultimate threonine residue of the pollen plasma membrane H+ ATPase (LilHA1) of Lilium longiflorum pollen revealed a sudden increase in phosphorylation with the start of pollen tube growth. In addition to phosphorylation, pH modulated the binding of 14-3-3 isoforms to the regulatory domain of the H+ ATPase, whereas metabolic components had only small effects on 14-3-3 binding, as tested with in vitro assays using recombinant 14-3-3 isoforms and phosphomimicking substitutions of the threonine residue. Consequently, local H+ influxes and effluxes as well as pH gradients in the pollen tube tip are generated by localized regulation of the H+ ATPase activity rather than by heterogeneous localized distribution in the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Pertl-Obermeyer
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- MorphoPhysics, Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Str. 2a, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ana Gimeno
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Kuchler
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Evrim Servili
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Inst. Recherche Experimentale & Clinique, University of Louvain, Ave. Hippocrate, Woluwe-Saint Lambert, Belgium
| | - Shuai Huang
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzen, PR China
| | - Han Fang
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Chord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Centre, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Veronika Lang
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- STRATEC GmbH, Sonystraße 20, Anif, Austria
| | - Katharina Sydow
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Magdalena Pöckl
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gerhard Obermeyer
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Zhao X, Li F, Li K. The 14-3-3 proteins: regulators of plant metabolism and stress responses. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:531-539. [PMID: 33811408 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 proteins bind to and modulate the activity of phosphorylated proteins that regulate a variety of metabolic processes in plants. Over the past decade interest in the plant 14-3-3 field has increased dramatically, mainly due to the vast number of mechanisms by which 14-3-3 proteins regulate metabolism. As this field develops, it is essential to understand the role of these proteins in metabolic and stress responses. This review summarizes current knowledge about 14-3-3 proteins in plants, including their molecular structure and function, regulatory mechanism and roles in carbon and nitrogen metabolism and stress responses. We begin with a molecular structural analysis of 14-3-3 proteins, which describes the basic principles of 14-3-3 function, and then discuss the regulatory mechanisms and roles in carbon and nitrogen metabolism of 14-3-3 proteins. We conclude with a summary of the 14-3-3 response to biotic stress and abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - F Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - K Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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6
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Liu S, Zhong H, Wang Q, Liu C, Li T, Peng Z, Li Y, Zhang H, Liao J, Huang Y, Wang Z. Global Analysis of UDP Glucose Pyrophosphorylase (UDPGP) Gene Family in Plants: Conserved Evolution Involved in Cell Death. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:681719. [PMID: 34177996 PMCID: PMC8222925 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.681719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase (UDPGP) family genes have been reported to play essential roles in cell death or individual survival. However, a systematic analysis on UDPGP gene family has not been performed yet. In this study, a total of 454 UDPGP proteins from 76 different species were analyzed. The analyses of the phylogenetic tree and orthogroups divided UDPGPs into three clades, including UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAP), UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP, containing UGP-A and UGP-B), and UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (USP). The evolutionary history of the UDPGPs indicated that the members of UAP, USP, and UGP-B were relatively conserved while varied in UGP-A. Homologous sequences of UGP-B and USP were found only in plants. The expression profile of UDPGP genes in Oryza sativa was mainly motivated under jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), cadmium, and cold treatments, indicating that UDPGPs may play an important role in plant development and environment endurance. The key amino acids regulating the activity of UDPGPs were analyzed, and almost all of them were located in the NB-loop, SB-loop, or conserved motifs. Analysis of the natural variants of UDPGPs in rice revealed that only a few missense mutants existed in coding sequences (CDSs), and most of the resulting variations were located in the non-motif sites, indicating the conserved structure and function of UDPGPs in the evolution. Furthermore, alternative splicing may play a key role in regulating the activity of UDPGPs. The spatial structure prediction, enzymatic analysis, and transgenic verification of UAP isoforms illustrated that the loss of N- and C-terminal sequences did not affect the overall 3D structures, but the N- and C-terminal sequences are important for UAP genes to maintain their enzymatic activity. These results revealed a conserved UDPGP gene family and provided valuable information for further deep functional investigation of the UDPGP gene family in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, United States
| | - Hua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Li
- Youth League Committee, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhaohua Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, United States
| | - Yangsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianglin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yingjin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhaohai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Responding to Climate Change, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Zhang Y, Chen M, Siemiatkowska B, Toleco MR, Jing Y, Strotmann V, Zhang J, Stahl Y, Fernie AR. A Highly Efficient Agrobacterium-Mediated Method for Transient Gene Expression and Functional Studies in Multiple Plant Species. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100028. [PMID: 33367253 PMCID: PMC7747990 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the use of stable transformation technology has led to great insight into gene function, its application in high-throughput studies remains arduous. Agro-infiltration have been widely used in species such as Nicotiana benthamiana for the rapid detection of gene expression and protein interaction analysis, but this technique does not work efficiently in other plant species, including Arabidopsis thaliana. As an efficient high-throughput transient expression system is currently lacking in the model plant species A. thaliana, we developed a method that is characterized by high efficiency, reproducibility, and suitability for transient expression of a variety of functional proteins in A. thaliana and 7 other plant species, including Brassica oleracea, Capsella rubella, Thellungiella salsuginea, Thellungiella halophila, Solanum tuberosum, Capsicum annuum, and N. benthamiana. Efficiency of this method was independently verified in three independent research facilities, pointing to the robustness of this technique. Furthermore, in addition to demonstrating the utility of this technique in a range of species, we also present a case study employing this method to assess protein-protein interactions in the sucrose biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjun Zhang
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Corresponding author
| | - Moxian Chen
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Beata Siemiatkowska
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Mitchell Rey Toleco
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Yue Jing
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Vivien Strotmann
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jianghua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yvonne Stahl
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Corresponding author
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Chang L, Tong Z, Peng C, Wang D, Kong H, Yang Q, Luo M, Guo A, Xu B. Genome-wide analysis and phosphorylation sites identification of the 14-3-3 gene family and functional characterization of MeGRF3 in cassava. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 169:244-257. [PMID: 32020618 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The biological functionality of many members of the 14-3-3 gene family is regulated via phosphorylation at multiple amino acid residues. The specific phosphorylation-mediated regulation of these proteins during cassava root tuberization, however, is not well understood. In this study, 15 different 14-3-3 genes (designated MeGRF1 - 15) were identified within the cassava genome. Based upon evolutionary conservation and structural analyses, these cassava 14-3-3 proteins were grouped into ε and non-ε clusters. We found these 15 MeGRF genes to be unevenly distributed across the eight cassava chromosomes. When comparing the expression of these genes during different developmental stages, we found that three of these genes (MeGRF9, 12 and 15) were overexpressed at all developmental stages at 75, 104, 135, 182 and 267 days post-planting relative to the fibrous root stage, whereas two (MeGRF5 and 7) were downregulated during these same points. In addition, the expression of most MeGRF genes changed significantly in the early and middle stages of root tuberization. This suggests that these different MeGRF genes likely play distinct regulatory roles during cassava root tuberization. Subsequently, 18 phosphorylated amino acid residues were detected on nine of these MeGRF proteins. A phosphomimetic mutation at serine-65 in MeGRF3 in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) slightly influenced starch metabolism in these plants, and significantly affected the role of MeGRF3 in salt stress responses. Together these results indicate that 14-3-3 genes play key roles in responses to abiotic stress and the regulation of starch metabolism, offering valuable insights into the functions of these genes in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Zheng Tong
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Cunzhi Peng
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Hua Kong
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Minghua Luo
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Anping Guo
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Bingqiang Xu
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
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Li Y, Yao Y, Yang G, Tang J, Ayala GJ, Li X, Zhang W, Han Q, Yang T, Wang H, Mayo KH, Su J. Co-crystal Structure of Thermosynechococcus elongatus Sucrose Phosphate Synthase With UDP and Sucrose-6-Phosphate Provides Insight Into Its Mechanism of Action Involving an Oxocarbenium Ion and the Glycosidic Bond. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1050. [PMID: 32528448 PMCID: PMC7264703 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In green species, sucrose can help antagonize abiotic stress. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is a well-known rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of sucrose. To date, however, there is no known crystal structure of SPS from plant or cyanobacteria. In this study, we report the first co-crystal structure of SPS from Thermosynechococcus elongatus with UDP and sucrose-6-phosphate (S6P). Within the catalytic site, the side chains of His158 and Glu331, along with two phosphate groups from UDP, form hydrogen bonds with the four hydroxyl groups of the glucose moiety in S6P. This association causes these four hydroxyl groups to become partially negatively charged, thus promoting formation of the C1 oxocarbenium ion. Breakage of the hydrogen bond between His158 and one of the hydroxyl groups may trigger covalent bond formation between the C1 oxocarbenium ion and the C2 hydroxyl of fructose-6-phosphate. Consistent with our structural model, we observed that two SPS mutants, H158A and E331A, lost all catalytic activity. Moreover, electron density of residues from two loops (loop1 and loop2) in the SPS A-domain was not observed, suggest their dynamic nature. B-factor analysis and molecular dynamics stimulations of the full-length enzyme and A-domain indicate that both loops are crucial for binding and release of substrate and product. In addition, temperature gradient analysis shows that SPS exhibits its highest activity at 70°C, suggesting that this enzyme has the potential of being used in industrial production of S6P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Li
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Media Academy, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Jun Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Gabriela Jaramillo Ayala
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xumin Li
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiuyu Han
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jiyong Su
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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10
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Uhrig RG, Schläpfer P, Roschitzki B, Hirsch-Hoffmann M, Gruissem W. Diurnal changes in concerted plant protein phosphorylation and acetylation in Arabidopsis organs and seedlings. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:176-194. [PMID: 30920011 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation and acetylation are the two most abundant post-translational modifications (PTMs) that regulate protein functions in eukaryotes. In plants, these PTMs have been investigated individually; however, their co-occurrence and dynamics on proteins is currently unknown. Using Arabidopsis thaliana, we quantified changes in protein phosphorylation, acetylation and protein abundance in leaf rosettes, roots, flowers, siliques and seedlings at the end of day (ED) and at the end of night (EN). This identified 2549 phosphorylated and 909 acetylated proteins, of which 1724 phosphorylated and 536 acetylated proteins were also quantified for changes in PTM abundance between ED and EN. Using a sequential dual-PTM workflow, we identified significant PTM changes and intersections in these organs and plant developmental stages. In particular, cellular process-, pathway- and protein-level analyses reveal that the phosphoproteome and acetylome predominantly intersect at the pathway- and cellular process-level at ED versus EN. We found 134 proteins involved in core plant cell processes, such as light harvesting and photosynthesis, translation, metabolism and cellular transport, that were both phosphorylated and acetylated. Our results establish connections between PTM motifs, PTM catalyzing enzymes and putative substrate networks. We also identified PTM motifs for further characterization of the regulatory mechanisms that control cellular processes during the diurnal cycle in different Arabidopsis organs and seedlings. The sequential dual-PTM analysis expands our understanding of diurnal plant cell regulation by PTMs and provides a useful resource for future analyses, while emphasizing the importance of analyzing multiple PTMs simultaneously to elucidate when, where and how they are involved in plant cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Glen Uhrig
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pascal Schläpfer
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Roschitzki
- Functional Genomics Center, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Hirsch-Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wilhelm Gruissem
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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11
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Inomata T, Baslam M, Masui T, Koshu T, Takamatsu T, Kaneko K, Pozueta-Romero J, Mitsui T. Proteomics Analysis Reveals Non-Controlled Activation of Photosynthesis and Protein Synthesis in a Rice npp1 Mutant under High Temperature and Elevated CO₂ Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092655. [PMID: 30205448 PMCID: PMC6165220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) catalyzes the hydrolytic breakdown of the pyrophosphate and phosphodiester bonds of a number of nucleotides including ADP-glucose and ATP. Under high temperature and elevated CO2 conditions (HT + ECO2), the npp1 knockout rice mutant displayed rapid growth and high starch content phenotypes, indicating that NPP1 exerts a negative effect on starch accumulation and growth. To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved in the NPP1 downregulation induced starch overaccumulation, in this study we conducted photosynthesis, leaf proteomic, and chloroplast phosphoproteomic analyses of wild-type (WT) and npp1 plants cultured under HT + ECO2. Photosynthesis in npp1 leaves was significantly higher than in WT. Additionally, npp1 leaves accumulated higher levels of sucrose than WT. The proteomic analyses revealed upregulation of proteins related to carbohydrate metabolism and the protein synthesis system in npp1 plants. Further, our data indicate the induction of 14-3-3 proteins in npp1 plants. Our finding demonstrates a higher level of protein phosphorylation in npp1 chloroplasts, which may play an important role in carbohydrate accumulation. Together, these results offer novel targets and provide additional insights into carbohydrate metabolism regulation under ambient and adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Inomata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Department of Biochemistry, Niigata University, Niigata 950-218, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Masui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Koshu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Takamatsu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry, Niigata University, Niigata 950-218, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Kaneko
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Javier Pozueta-Romero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC, UPNA, Gobierno de Navarra), Mutiloako Etorbidea Zenbaki Gabe, 31192 Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain.
| | - Toshiaki Mitsui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry, Niigata University, Niigata 950-218, Japan.
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12
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Cotrim CA, Soares JSM, Kobe B, Menossi M. Crystal structure and insights into the oligomeric state of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from sugarcane. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193667. [PMID: 29494650 PMCID: PMC5832301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) is found in all organisms and catalyses the formation of UDP-glucose. In sugarcane, UDP-glucose is a branch-point in the carbon channelling into other carbohydrates, such as sucrose and cellulose, which are the major factors for sugarcane productivity. In most plants, UGPase has been described to be enzymatically active in the monomeric form, while in human and yeast, homo-octamers represent the active form of the protein. Here, we present the crystal structure of UGPase from sugarcane (ScUGPase-1) at resolution of 2.0 Å. The crystals of ScUGPase-1 reveal the presence of two molecules in the asymmetric unit and the multi-angle light scattering analysis shows that ScUGPase-1 forms a mixture of species ranging from monomers to larger oligomers in solution, suggesting similarities with the orthologs from yeast and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila A. Cotrim
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Australia Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail: (MM); (CAC)
| | - Jose Sergio M. Soares
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Australia Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcelo Menossi
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MM); (CAC)
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13
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Camoni L, Visconti S, Aducci P, Marra M. 14-3-3 Proteins in Plant Hormone Signaling: Doing Several Things at Once. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:297. [PMID: 29593761 PMCID: PMC5859350 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this review we highlight the advances achieved in the investigation of the role of 14-3-3 proteins in hormone signaling, biosynthesis, and transport. 14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved molecules that target a number of protein clients through their ability to recognize well-defined phosphorylated motifs. As a result, they regulate several cellular processes, ranging from metabolism to transport, growth, development, and stress response. High-throughput proteomic data and two-hybrid screen demonstrate that 14-3-3 proteins physically interact with many protein clients involved in the biosynthesis or signaling pathways of the main plant hormones, while increasing functional evidence indicates that 14-3-3-target interactions play pivotal regulatory roles. These advances provide a framework of our understanding of plant hormone action, suggesting that 14-3-3 proteins act as hubs of a cellular web encompassing different signaling pathways, transducing and integrating diverse hormone signals in the regulation of physiological processes.
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14
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Almadanim MC, Alexandre BM, Rosa MTG, Sapeta H, Leitão AE, Ramalho JC, Lam TT, Negrão S, Abreu IA, Oliveira MM. Rice calcium-dependent protein kinase OsCPK17 targets plasma membrane intrinsic protein and sucrose-phosphate synthase and is required for a proper cold stress response. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1197-1213. [PMID: 28102545 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are involved in plant tolerance mechanisms to abiotic stresses. Although CDPKs are recognized as key messengers in signal transduction, the specific role of most members of this family remains unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that OsCPK17 plays a role in rice cold stress response by analysing OsCPK17 knockout, silencing and overexpressing rice lines under low temperature. Altered OsCPK17 gene expression compromises cold tolerance performance, without affecting the expression of key cold stress-inducible genes. A comparative phosphoproteomic approach led to the identification of six potential in vivo OsCPK17 targets, which are associated with sugar and nitrogen metabolism, and with osmotic regulation. To test direct interaction, in vitro kinase assays were performed, showing that the sucrose-phosphate synthase OsSPS4 and the aquaporin OsPIP2;1/OsPIP2;6 are phosphorylated by OsCPK17 in a calcium-dependent manner. Altogether, our data indicates that OsCPK17 is required for a proper cold stress response in rice, likely affecting the activity of membrane channels and sugar metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cecília Almadanim
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Alexandre
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida T G Rosa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Helena Sapeta
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - António E Leitão
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José C Ramalho
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8024, USA
- MS and Proteomics Resource, WM Keck Foundation Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8024, USA
| | - Sónia Negrão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isabel A Abreu
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Margarida Oliveira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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15
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Hartman MD, Figueroa CM, Arias DG, Iglesias AA. Inhibition of Recombinant Aldose-6-Phosphate Reductase from Peach Leaves by Hexose-Phosphates, Inorganic Phosphate and Oxidants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:145-155. [PMID: 28011870 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Glucitol, also known as sorbitol, is a major photosynthetic product in plants from the Rosaceae family. This sugar alcohol is synthesized from glucose-6-phosphate by the combined activities of aldose-6-phosphate reductase (Ald6PRase) and glucitol-6-phosphatase. In this work we show the purification and characterization of recombinant Ald6PRase from peach leaves. The recombinant enzyme was inhibited by glucose-1-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and orthophosphate. Oxidizing agents irreversibly inhibited the enzyme and produced protein precipitation. Enzyme thiolation with oxidized glutathione protected the enzyme from insolubilization caused by diamide, while incubation with NADP+ (one of the substrates) completely prevented enzyme precipitation. Our results suggest that Ald6PRase is finely regulated to control carbon partitioning in peach leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías D Hartman
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carlos M Figueroa
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diego G Arias
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alberto A Iglesias
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Colectora Ruta Nacional, Santa Fe, Argentina
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16
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Albi T, Ruiz MT, de los Reyes P, Valverde F, Romero JM. Characterization of the Sucrose Phosphate Phosphatase (SPP) Isoforms from Arabidopsis thaliana and Role of the S6PPc Domain in Dimerization. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166308. [PMID: 27855180 PMCID: PMC5113954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose-phosphate phosphatase (SPP) catalyses the final step in the sucrose biosynthesis pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana genome codifies four SPP isoforms. In this study, the four Arabidopsis thaliana genes coding for SPP isoforms have been cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and the kinetic and regulatory properties of the purified enzymes analysed. SPP2 is the isoform showing the highest activity, with SPP3b and SPP3a showing lower activity levels. No activity was detected for SPP1. We propose that this lack of activity is probably due to the absence of an essential amino acid participating in catalysis and/or in the binding of the substrate, sucrose-6-phosphate (Suc6P). The expression patterns of Arabidopsis SPP genes indicate that SPP2 and SPP3b are the main isoforms expressed in different tissues and organs, although the non-catalytic SPP1 is the main isoform expressed in roots. Thus, SPP1 could have acquired new unknown functions. We also show that the three catalytically active SPPs from Arabidopsis are dimers. By generating a chimeric SPP composed of the monomeric cyanobacterial SPP fused to the higher plant non-catalytic S6PPc domain (from SPP2), we show that the S6PPc domain is responsible for SPP dimerization. This is the first experimental study on the functionality and gene expression pattern of all the SPPs from a single plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Albi
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - M. Teresa Ruiz
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Pedro de los Reyes
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Federico Valverde
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - José M. Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- * E-mail:
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17
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Gardeström P, Igamberdiev AU. The origin of cytosolic ATP in photosynthetic cells. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2016; 157:367-79. [PMID: 27087668 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In photosynthetically active cells, both chloroplasts and mitochondria have the capacity to produce ATP via photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation, respectively. Thus, theoretically, both organelles could provide ATP for the cytosol, but the extent, to which they actually do this, and how the process is regulated, both remain unclear. Most of the evidence discussed comes from experiments with rapid fractionation of isolated protoplasts subjected to different treatments in combination with application of specific inhibitors. The results obtained indicate that, under conditions where ATP demand for photosynthetic CO2 fixation is sufficiently high, the mitochondria supply the bulk of ATP for the cytosol. In contrast, under stress conditions where CO2 fixation is severely limited, ATP will build up in chloroplasts and it can then be exported to the cytosol, by metabolite shuttle mechanisms. Thus, depending on the conditions, either mitochondria or chloroplasts can supply the bulk of ATP for the cytosol. This supply of ATP is discussed in relation to the idea that mitochondrial functions may be tuned to provide an optimal environment for the chloroplast. By balancing cellular redox states, mitochondria can contribute to an optimal photosynthetic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Gardeström
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
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18
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Characterization of ubiquitin ligase SlATL31 and proteomic analysis of 14-3-3 targets in tomato fruit tissue (Solanum lycopersicum L.). J Proteomics 2016; 143:254-264. [PMID: 27113132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The 14-3-3 proteins participate in many aspects of plant physiology by interacting with phosphorylated proteins and thereby regulating target protein functions. In Arabidopsis plant, the ubiquitin ligase ATL31 controls 14-3-3 stability via both direct interaction and ubiquitination, and this consequently regulates post-germinative growth in response to carbon and nitrogen nutrient availability. Since 14-3-3 proteins regulate the activities of many key enzymes related to nutrient metabolism, one would anticipate that they should play an essential role not only in vegetative but also in reproductive tissue. Because fruit yield largely depends on carbon and nitrogen availability and their utilization, the function of 14-3-3 proteins was analyzed in tomato fruit tissue. Here, we isolated and characterized an ubiquitin ligase SlATL31 (Solyc03g112340) from tomato and demonstrated that SlATL31 has ubiquitin ligase activity as well as interaction with tomato 14-3-3 proteins, suggesting the possibility that the SlATL31 functions as an ubiquitin ligase for 14-3-3 similarly to its Arabidopsis ortholog. Furthermore, we performed proteomic analysis of 14-3-3 interacting proteins and identified 106 proteins as putative 14-3-3 targets including key enzymes for carbon metabolism and photosynthesis. This 14-3-3 interactome result and available transcriptome profile suggest a considerable yet complex role of 14-3-3 proteins in tomato fruit tissue. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Considerable cumulative evidence exists which implies that 14-3-3 proteins are involved in the regulation of plant primary metabolism. Here we provide the first report of 14-3-3 interactome analysis and identify putative 14-3-3 targets in tomato fruit tissue, which may be highly important given the documented metabolic shifts, which occur during fruit development and ripening. These data open future research avenues by which to understand the regulation of the role of post-translational regulation in tomato fruit development.
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19
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Figueroa C, Piattoni C, Trípodi K, Podestá F, Iglesias A. Carbon Photoassimilation and Photosynthate Partitioning in Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/b19498-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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20
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Maloney VJ, Park JY, Unda F, Mansfield SD. Sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose phosphate phosphatase interact in planta and promote plant growth and biomass accumulation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:4383-94. [PMID: 25873678 PMCID: PMC4493782 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioinformatic analysis indicates that sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) contains a putative C-terminal sucrose phosphate phosphatase (SPP)-like domain that may facilitates the binding of SPP. If an SPS-SPP enzyme complex exists, it may provide sucrose biosynthesis with an additional level of regulation, forming a direct metabolic channel for sucrose-6-phosphate between these two enzymes. Herein, the formation of an enzyme complex between SPS and SPP was examined, and the results from yeast two-hybrid experiments suggest that there is indeed an association between these proteins. In addition, in planta bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) was observed in Arabidopsis seedlings, providing physical evidence for a protein interaction in live cells and in real time. Finally, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) was employed in an attempt to detect SPS-SPP interactions visually. The findings clearly demonstrated that SPS interacts with SPP and that this interaction impacts soluble carbohydrate pools and affects carbon partitioning to starch. Moreover, a fusion construct between the two genes promotes plant growth in both transgenic Arabidopsis and hybrid poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J Maloney
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Faride Unda
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Shawn D Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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21
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Gao J, van Kleeff PJM, Oecking C, Li KW, Erban A, Kopka J, Hincha DK, de Boer AH. Light modulated activity of root alkaline/neutral invertase involves the interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 80:785-96. [PMID: 25256212 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline/neutral invertases (A/N-Invs) are now recognized as essential proteins in plant life. They catalyze the irreversible breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose and thus supply the cells with energy as well as signaling molecules. In this study we report on a mechanism that affects the activity of the cytosolic invertase AtCINV1 (At-A/N-InvG or AT1G35580). We demonstrate that Ser547 at the extreme C-terminus of the AtCINV1 protein is a substrate of calcium-dependent kinases (CPK3 and 21) and that phosphorylation creates a high-affinity binding site for 14-3-3 proteins. The invertase as such has basal activity, but we provide evidence that interaction with 14-3-3 proteins enhances its activity. The analysis of three quadruple 14-3-3 mutants generated from six T-DNA insertion mutants of the non-epsilon family shows both specificity as well as redundancy for this function of 14-3-3 proteins. The strong reduction in hexose levels in the roots of one 14-3-3 quadruple mutant plant is in line with the activating function of 14-3-3 proteins. The physiological relevance of this mechanism that affects A/N-invertase activity is underscored by the light-induced activation and is another example of the central role of 14-3-3 proteins in mediating dark/light signaling. The nature of the light-induced signal that travels from the shoot to root and the question whether this signal is transmitted via cytosolic Ca(++) changes that activate calcium-dependent kinases, await further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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van Kleeff PJM, Jaspert N, Li KW, Rauch S, Oecking C, de Boer AH. Higher order Arabidopsis 14-3-3 mutants show 14-3-3 involvement in primary root growth both under control and abiotic stress conditions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:5877-88. [PMID: 25189593 PMCID: PMC4203132 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis 14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved proteins that interact with numerous partner proteins in a phospho-specific manner, and can affect the target proteins in a number of ways; e.g. modification of enzymatic activity. We isolated T-DNA insertion lines in six 14-3-3 genes within the non-epsilon group that phylogenetically group in three closely related gene pairs. In total, 6 single, 3 double, 12 triple, and 3 quadruple mutants were generated. The mutants were phenotyped for primary root growth on control plates: single and double mutants were indistinguishable from WT, whereas six triples and all quadruples showed a shorter primary root. In addition, length of the first epidermal cell with a visible root hair bulge (LEH) was used to determine primary root elongation on medium containing mannitol and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). This analysis showed clear differences depending on the stress and 14-3-3 gene combinations. Next to the phenotypic growth analyses, a 14-3-3 pull-down assay on roots treated with and without mannitol showed that mannitol stress strongly affects the 14-3-3 interactome. In conclusion, we show gene specificity and functional redundancy among 14-3-3 proteins in primary root elongation under control and under abiotic stress conditions and changes in the 14-3-3 interactome during the onset of stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J M van Kleeff
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Jaspert
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology-Plant Physiology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - K W Li
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Centre for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Rauch
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology-Plant Physiology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Oecking
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology-Plant Physiology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - A H de Boer
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Soares JSM, Gentile A, Scorsato V, Lima ADC, Kiyota E, Dos Santos ML, Piattoni CV, Huber SC, Aparicio R, Menossi M. Oligomerization, membrane association, and in vivo phosphorylation of sugarcane UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:33364-77. [PMID: 25320091 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.590125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane is a monocot plant that accumulates sucrose to levels of up to 50% of dry weight in the stalk. The mechanisms that are involved in sucrose accumulation in sugarcane are not well understood, and little is known with regard to factors that control the extent of sucrose storage in the stalks. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase; EC 2.7.7.9) is an enzyme that produces UDP-glucose, a key precursor for sucrose metabolism and cell wall biosynthesis. The objective of this work was to gain insights into the ScUGPase-1 expression pattern and regulatory mechanisms that control protein activity. ScUGPase-1 expression was negatively correlated with the sucrose content in the internodes during development, and only slight differences in the expression patterns were observed between two cultivars that differ in sucrose content. The intracellular localization of ScUGPase-1 indicated partial membrane association of this soluble protein in both the leaves and internodes. Using a phospho-specific antibody, we observed that ScUGPase-1 was phosphorylated in vivo at the Ser-419 site in the soluble and membrane fractions from the leaves but not from the internodes. The purified recombinant enzyme was kinetically characterized in the direction of UDP-glucose formation, and the enzyme activity was affected by redox modification. Preincubation with H2O2 strongly inhibited this activity, which could be reversed by DTT. Small angle x-ray scattering analysis indicated that the dimer interface is located at the C terminus and provided the first structural model of the dimer of sugarcane UGPase in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Sergio M Soares
- From the Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, C.P. 6109, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Agustina Gentile
- From the Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, C.P. 6109, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Valeria Scorsato
- the Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Cristalografia, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, C.P. 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline da C Lima
- the Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Cristalografia, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, C.P. 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Kiyota
- the Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Cristalografia, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, C.P. 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Leite Dos Santos
- the Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Núcleo de Química, Universidade Federal do Sergipe, C.P. 49500000, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Claudia V Piattoni
- the Instituto de Agrobiotecnologia del Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria-Paraje El Pozo, CC242, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Steven C Huber
- the Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Ricardo Aparicio
- the Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Cristalografia, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, C.P. 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Menossi
- From the Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, C.P. 6109, Campinas, SP, Brazil,
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24
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Chen J, Liu TW, Hu WJ, Simon M, Wang WH, Chen J, Liu X, Zheng HL. Comparative proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins induced by hydrogen sulfide in Spinacia oleracea leaves. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105400. [PMID: 25181351 PMCID: PMC4152154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a potential gaseous messenger molecule, has been suggested to play important roles in a wide range of physiological processes in plants. The aim of present study was to investigate which set of proteins is involved in H2S-regulated metabolism or signaling pathways. Spinacia oleracea seedlings were treated with 100 µM NaHS, a donor of H2S. Changes in protein expression profiles were analyzed by 2-D gel electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF MS. Over 1000 protein spots were reproducibly resolved, of which the abundance of 92 spots was changed by at least 2-fold (sixty-five were up-regulated, whereas 27 were down-regulated). These proteins were functionally divided into 9 groups, including energy production and photosynthesis, cell rescue, development and cell defense, substance metabolism, protein synthesis and folding, cellular signal transduction. Further, we found that these proteins were mainly localized in cell wall, plasma membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria, nucleus, peroxisome and cytosol. Our results demonstrate that H2S is involved in various cellular and physiological activities and has a distinct influence on photosynthesis, cell defense and cellular signal transduction in S. oleracea leaves. These findings provide new insights into proteomic responses in plants under physiological levels of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Wu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
- Department of Biology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Martin Simon
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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25
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Han C, Wang K, Yang P. Gel-based comparative phosphoproteomic analysis on rice embryo during germination. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:1376-94. [PMID: 24793751 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is a well regulated process, which incorporates many events including signal transduction, mobilization of reserves, reactive oxygen species scavenging and cell division. Although many transcriptomic and proteomic studies have been conducted on this process, regulation of protein modification has not been studied. To better understand the mechanism, a gel-based comparative phosphoproteomic study was performed on rice embryo during the germination process. In total, 168 protein spots exhibited significantly changed Pro-Q staining intensity during germination. Using matrix-assisted laser deionization-time of flight/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) analysis, 193 proteins were identified. By combining Pro-Q and Coomassie brilliant blue stain intensity analyses, 109 proteins were verified to be phosphorylation regulation proteins. Functional analyses indicated that phosphorylation of proteins involved in stress response and storage was gradually enhanced. Phosphorylation of signal transduction proteins was mainly activated during the early stage of germination, while stress response and storage protein phosphorylation were enhanced at the late stage. Enzyme assays proved that the phosphorylation of fructokinase, pyruvate kinase, malate dehydrogenase, GDP-mannose 3,5-epimerase1, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase could consistently enhance their activity. This study showed the dynamic changes of protein phosphorylation status in rice embryo during germination and provided new insight into understanding the mechanism underlying this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuchang Moshan, Wuhan 430074, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuchang Moshan, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuchang Moshan, Wuhan 430074, China
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26
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Wu X, Sklodowski K, Encke B, Schulze WX. A kinase-phosphatase signaling module with BSK8 and BSL2 involved in regulation of sucrose-phosphate synthase. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:3397-409. [PMID: 24924143 DOI: 10.1021/pr5003164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
External supply of sucrose to carbon-starved Arabidopsis seedlings induced changes in phosphorylation of Brassinosteroid Signaling Kinase 8 (BSK8) at two different sites. Serine S(20) lies within a phosphorylation hotspot at the N-terminal region of the protein, while S(213) is located within the kinase domain of BSK8. Upon sucrose supply phosphorylation of BSK8(S20) and BSK8(S213) showed opposite behavior with increasing phosphorylation of S(213) and decreased phosphorylation of S(20) at 5 min after sucrose supply. Here we aim to systematically analyze the effects of BSK8 mutations on downstream cellular regulatory events and characterize molecular functions of BSK8 and its phosphorylation. Comparative phosphoproteomic profiling of a bsk8 knockout mutant and wild type revealed potential targets in sucrose metabolism. Activity of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) was decreased by phosphorylation at S(152), and SPS phosphorylation inversely correlated with sucrose-induced BSK8 activity. Furthermore, BSK8 was found to interact with BSL2, a Kelch-type phosphatase. On the basis of a combination of kinase activity measurements, SPS activity assays, and phosphorylation site mutations in BSK8 at S(20) and S(213), we conclude that regulation of SPS by BSK8 occurs through activation of a phosphatase that in turn may dephosphorylate SPS and thus activates the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- XuNa Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Golm, Germany
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27
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Yasuda S, Sato T, Maekawa S, Aoyama S, Fukao Y, Yamaguchi J. Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis ubiquitin ligase ATL31 is critical for plant carbon/nitrogen nutrient balance response and controls the stability of 14-3-3 proteins. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15179-93. [PMID: 24722992 PMCID: PMC4140878 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.533133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin ligase plays a fundamental role in regulating multiple cellular events in eukaryotes by fine-tuning the stability and activity of specific target proteins. We have previously shown that ubiquitin ligase ATL31 regulates plant growth in response to nutrient balance between carbon and nitrogen (C/N) in Arabidopsis. Subsequent study demonstrated that ATL31 targets 14-3-3 proteins for ubiquitination and modulates the protein abundance in response to C/N-nutrient status. However, the underlying mechanism for the targeting of ATL31 to 14-3-3 proteins remains unclear. Here, we show that ATL31 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. We identified Thr(209), Ser(247), Ser(270), and Ser(303) as putative 14-3-3 binding sites on ATL31 by motif analysis. Mutation of these Ser/Thr residues to Ala in ATL31 inhibited the interaction with 14-3-3 proteins, as demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation analyses. Additionally, we identified in vivo phosphorylation of Thr(209) and Ser(247) on ATL31 by MS analysis. A peptide competition assay showed that the application of synthetic phospho-Thr(209) peptide, but not the corresponding unphosphorylated peptide, suppresses the interaction between ATL31 and 14-3-3 proteins. Moreover, Arabidopsis plants overexpressing mutated ATL31, which could not bind to 14-3-3 proteins, showed accumulation of 14-3-3 proteins and growth arrest in disrupted C/N-nutrient conditions similar to wild-type plants, although overexpression of intact ATL31 resulted in repression of 14-3-3 accumulation and tolerance to the conditions. Together, these results demonstrate that the physiological role of phosphorylation at 14-3-3 binding sites on ATL31 is to modulate the binding ability and stability of 14-3-3 proteins to control plant C/N-nutrient response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigetaka Yasuda
- From the Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan and
| | - Takeo Sato
- From the Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan and
| | - Shugo Maekawa
- From the Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan and
| | - Shoki Aoyama
- From the Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan and
| | - Yoichiro Fukao
- the Plant Global Education Project, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Junji Yamaguchi
- From the Faculty of Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan and
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28
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Swatek KN, Wilson RS, Ahsan N, Tritz RL, Thelen JJ. Multisite phosphorylation of 14-3-3 proteins by calcium-dependent protein kinases. Biochem J 2014; 459:15-25. [PMID: 24438037 PMCID: PMC4127189 DOI: 10.1042/bj20130035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant 14-3-3 proteins are phosphorylated at multiple sites in vivo; however, the protein kinase(s) responsible are unknown. Of the 34 CPK (calcium-dependent protein kinase) paralogues in Arabidopsis thaliana, three (CPK1, CPK24 and CPK28) contain a canonical 14-3-3-binding motif. These three, in addition to CPK3, CPK6 and CPK8, were tested for activity against recombinant 14-3-3 proteins χ and ε. Using an MS-based quantitative assay we demonstrate phosphorylation of 14-3-3 χ and ε at a total of seven sites, one of which is an in vivo site discovered in Arabidopsis. CPK autophosphorylation was also comprehensively monitored by MS and revealed a total of 45 sites among the six CPKs analysed, most of which were located within the N-terminal variable and catalytic domains. Among these CPK autophosphorylation sites was Tyr463 within the calcium-binding EF-hand domain of CPK28. Of all CPKs assayed, CPK28, which contained an autophosphorylation site (Ser43) within a canonical 14-3-3-binding motif, showed the highest activity against 14-3-3 proteins. Phosphomimetic mutagenesis of Ser72 to aspartate on 14-3-3χ, which is adjacent to the 14-3-3-binding cleft and conserved among all 14-3-3 isoforms, prevented 14-3-3-mediated inhibition of phosphorylated nitrate reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby N. Swatek
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Rashaun S. Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Rebecca L. Tritz
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Jay J. Thelen
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
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29
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Pallucca R, Visconti S, Camoni L, Cesareni G, Melino S, Panni S, Torreri P, Aducci P. Specificity of ε and non-ε isoforms of arabidopsis 14-3-3 proteins towards the H+-ATPase and other targets. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90764. [PMID: 24603559 PMCID: PMC3946203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins are a family of ubiquitous dimeric proteins that modulate many cellular functions in all eukaryotes by interacting with target proteins. 14-3-3s exist as a number of isoforms that in Arabidopsis identifies two major groups named ε and non-ε. Although isoform specificity has been demonstrated in many systems, the molecular basis for the selection of specific sequence contexts has not been fully clarified. In this study we have investigated isoform specificity by measuring the ability of different Arabidopsis 14-3-3 isoforms to activate the H+-ATPase. We observed that GF14 isoforms of the non-ε group were more effective than ε group isoforms in the interaction with the H+-ATPase and in the stimulation of its activity. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the binding of GF14ε and GF14ω isoforms, representative of ε and non-ε groups respectively, with the H+-ATPase, have been determined by Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis demonstrating that the higher affinity of GF14ω is mainly due to slower dissociation. The role of the C-terminal region and of a Gly residue located in the loop 8 and conserved in all non-ε isoforms has also been studied by deletion and site-specific mutagenesis. The C-terminal domains, despite their high divergence, play an auto-inhibitory role in both isoforms and they, in addition to a specific residue located in the loop 8, contribute to isoform specificity. To investigate the generality of these findings, we have used the SPOT-synthesis technology to array a number of phosphopeptides matching known or predicted 14-3-3 binding sites present in a number of clients. The results of this approach confirmed isoform specificity in the recognition of several target peptides, suggesting that the isoform specificity may have an impact on the modulation of a variety of additional protein activities, as suggested by probing of a phosphopeptide array with members of the two 14-3-3 groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pallucca
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Visconti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Camoni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cesareni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; IRCSS, Research Institute "Fondazione Santa Lucia", Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Panni
- Department DiBEST, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Paola Torreri
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Aducci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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30
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Wu XN, Sanchez Rodriguez C, Pertl-Obermeyer H, Obermeyer G, Schulze WX. Sucrose-induced receptor kinase SIRK1 regulates a plasma membrane aquaporin in Arabidopsis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:2856-73. [PMID: 23820729 PMCID: PMC3790296 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.029579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane receptor kinase family is the largest protein kinase family in Arabidopsis, and it contains the highest fraction of proteins with yet uncharacterized functions. Here, we present functions of SIRK1, a receptor kinase that was previously identified with rapid transient phosphorylation after sucrose resupply to sucrose-starved seedlings. SIRK1 was found to be an active kinase with increasing activity in the presence of an external sucrose supply. In sirk1 T-DNA insertional mutants, the sucrose-induced phosphorylation patterns of several membrane proteins were strongly reduced; in particular, pore-gating phosphorylation sites in aquaporins were affected. SIRK1-GFP fusions were found to directly interact with aquaporins in affinity pull-down experiments on microsomal membrane vesicles. Furthermore, protoplast swelling assays of sirk1 mutants and SIRK1-GFP expressing lines confirmed a direct functional interaction of receptor kinase SIRK1 and aquaporins as substrates for phosphorylation. A lack of SIRK1 expression resulted in the failure of mutant protoplasts to control water channel activity upon changes in external sucrose concentrations. We propose that SIRK1 is involved in the regulation of sucrose-specific osmotic responses through direct interaction with and activation of an aquaporin via phosphorylation and that the duration of this response is controlled by phosphorylation-dependent receptor internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Na Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Golm, Germany
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31
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Pan X, Zhu B, Luo Y, Fu D. Unraveling the protein network of tomato fruit in response to necrotrophic phytopathogenic Rhizopus nigricans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73034. [PMID: 24023804 PMCID: PMC3759434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are endowed with a sophisticated defense mechanism that gives signals to plant cells about the immediate danger from surroundings and protects them from pathogen invasion. In the search for the particular proteins involved in fruit defense responses, we report here a comparative analysis of tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) infected by Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb, which is a significant contributor to postharvest rot disease in fresh tomato fruits. In total, four hundred forty-five tomato proteins were detected in common between the non-infected group and infected tomato fruit of mature green. Forty-nine differentially expressed spots in 2-D gels were identified, and were sorted into fifteen functional groups. Most of these proteins participate directly in the stress response process, while others were found to be involved in several equally important biological processes: protein metabolic process, carbohydrate metabolic process, ethylene biosynthesis, and cell death and so on. These responses occur in different cellular components, both intra- and extracellular spaces. The differentially expressed proteins were integrated into several pathways to show the regulation style existing in tomato fruit host. The composition of the collected proteins populations and the putative functions of the identified proteins argue for their roles in pathogen-plant interactions. Collectively results provide evidence that several regulatory pathways contribute to the resistance of tomato fruit to pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Pan
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Daqi Fu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
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Le Ny F, Leblanc A, Beauclair P, Deleu C, Le Deunff E. In low transpiring conditions, nitrate and water fluxes for growth of B. napus plantlets correlate with changes in BnNrt2.1 and BnNrt1.1 transporter expression. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2013; 8:e22902. [PMID: 23299417 PMCID: PMC3656990 DOI: 10.4161/psb.22902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed how changes in BnNrt nitrate transporter gene expression induced by nitrate are associated with morphological changes in plantlets and osmotic water flow for growth. We hypothesized that in a Petri dish system, reduction in transpiration should induce conditions where nitrate and water fluxes for growth depend directly on nitrate transporter activity and nitrate signaling. Rape seedlings growing on agar plates were supplied with increasing external K (15)NO 3 concentrations from 0.05 to 20 mM. After 5 d of treatment, morphological switches in plantlet growth were observed between 0.5 and 5 mM nitrate supply. Root elongation was reduced by 50% while the cotyledon surface area was doubled. These morphological switches were strongly associated with increases in (15)NO 3(-) and water uptake rates as well as (15)N and water allocation to the shoot. These switches were also highly correlated with the upregulation of BnNrt1.1 and BnNrt2.1 in the root. However, while root expression of BnNrt2.1 was correlated linearly with a shoot growth-associated increase in (15)N and water uptake, BnNrt1.1 expression was correlated exponentially with both (15)N and water accumulation. In low transpiring conditions, the tight control exercised by nitrate transporters on K (15)NO 3 uptake and allocation clearly demonstrates that they modulated the nitrate-signaling cascade involved in cell growth and as a consequence, water uptake and allocation to the growing organs. Deciphering this signaling cascade in relation to acid growth theory seems to be the most important challenge for our understanding of the nitrate-signaling role in plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Le Ny
- Université Caen; IBFA; UMR INRA 950 EVA; Caen France
| | | | | | - Carole Deleu
- Université Rennes 1; UMR INRA 1349 IGEPP; Rennes, France
| | - Erwan Le Deunff
- Université Caen; IBFA; UMR INRA 950 EVA; Caen France
- Correspondence to: Erwan Le Deunff,
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Sepúlveda-García E, Rocha-Sosa M. The Arabidopsis F-box protein AtFBS1 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 195:36-47. [PMID: 22920997 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
AtFBS1 is an F-box protein whose transcript accumulates in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Previous evidence suggests that a postranscriptional event regulates AtFBS1 expression [1]. We now found that AtFBS1 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins through its amino-terminus and the F-box motif. Deletion of any of these regions abolishes the interaction between AtFBS1 and 14-3-3 proteins. On the other hand, the treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 or the deletion of the F-box from AtFBS1 increases β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in plants containing a translational fusion of AtFBS1 with the GUS reporter gene, indicating that AtFBS1 is degraded by the 26S proteasome. MG132 treatment of seedlings containing a gene fusion between AtFBS1 and the TAP (Tandem Affinity Purification) cassette causes an increase in the half-life of the protein. In an attempt to understand the role of 14-3-3 interactions, we treated Arabidopsis seedlings with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranosyl 5'-monophosphate (AICAR), an inhibitor of 14-3-3 client interactions. We observed an increase in AtFBS1-TAP stability as a consequence of AICAR treatment. Based on these data we propose that 14-3-3 proteins promote the dimerization of SCF(AtFBS1). This also may enhance the AtFBS1 autoubiquitination activity and its degradation by the 26S proteasome. AICAR also affects Cullin1 (CUL1) modification by RUB1, which would provide an additional element to the effect of this compound on AtFBS1 stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Sepúlveda-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62250, Mexico.
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Mayfield JD, Paul AL, Ferl RJ. The 14-3-3 proteins of Arabidopsis regulate root growth and chloroplast development as components of the photosensory system. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:3061-70. [PMID: 22378945 PMCID: PMC3350920 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 proteins specifically bind a number of client proteins to influence important pathways, including flowering timing via the photosensory system. For instance, 14-3-3 proteins influence the photosensory system through interactions with Constans (CO) protein. 14-3-3 associations with the photosensory system were further studied in this investigation using 14-3-3 T-DNA insertion mutants to study root and chloroplast development. The 14-3-3 μ T-DNA insertion mutant, 14-3-3μ-1, had shorter roots than the wild type and the difference in root length could be influenced by light intensity. The 14-3-3 ν T-DNA insertion mutants also had shorter roots, but only when grown under narrow-bandwidth red light. Five-day-old 14-3-3 T-DNA insertion and co mutants all had increased root greening compared with the wild type, which was influenced by light wavelength and intensity. However, beyond 10 d of growth, 14-3-3μ-1 roots did not increase in greening as much as wild-type roots. This study reveals new developmental roles of 14-3-3 proteins in roots and chloroplasts, probably via association with the photosensory system.
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35
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Nagao M, Uemura M. Sucrose phosphate phosphatase in the green alga Klebsormidium flaccidum (Streptophyta) lacks an extensive C-terminal domain and differs from that of land plants. PLANTA 2012; 235:851-861. [PMID: 22095241 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1550-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Previously, it was reported that like land plants, the green alga Klebsormidium flaccidum (Streptophyta) accumulates sucrose during cold acclimation (Nagao et al. Plant Cell Environ 31:872-885, 2008), suggesting that synthesis of sucrose could enhance the freezing tolerance of this alga. Because sucrose phosphate phosphatase (SPP; EC 3.1.3.24) is a key enzyme in the sucrose synthesis pathway in plants, we analyzed the SPP gene in K. flaccidum (KfSPP, GenBank accession number AB669024) to clarify its role in sucrose accumulation. As determined from its deduced amino acid sequence, KfSPP contains the N-terminal domain that is characteristic of the L-2-haloacid-dehalogenase family of phosphatases/hydrolases (the HAD phosphatase domain). However, it lacks the extensive C-terminal domain found in SPPs of land plants. Database searches revealed that the SPPs in cyanobacteria also lack the C-terminal domain. In addition, the green alga Coccomyxa (Chlorophyta) and K. flaccidum, which are closely related to land plants, have cyanobacterial-type SPPs, while Chlorella (Chlorophyta) has a land plant-type SPP. These results demonstrate that even K. flaccidum (Streptophyta), as a recent ancestor of land plants, has the cyanobacterial-type SPP lacking the C-terminal domain. Because SPP and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) catalyze sequential reactions in sucrose synthesis in green plant cells and the lack of the C-terminal domain in KfSPP is predicted to decrease its activity, the interaction between decreased KfSPP activity and SPS activity may alter sucrose synthesis during cold acclimation in K. flaccidum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Nagao
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
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Sun F, Suen PK, Zhang Y, Liang C, Carrie C, Whelan J, Ward JL, Hawkins ND, Jiang L, Lim BL. A dual-targeted purple acid phosphatase in Arabidopsis thaliana moderates carbon metabolism and its overexpression leads to faster plant growth and higher seed yield. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012; 194:206-219. [PMID: 22269069 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.04026.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
• Overexpression of AtPAP2, a purple acid phosphatase (PAP) with a unique C-terminal hydrophobic motif in Arabidopsis, resulted in earlier bolting and a higher seed yield. Metabolite analysis showed that the shoots of AtPAP2 overexpression lines contained higher levels of sugars and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) metabolites. Enzyme assays showed that sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity was significantly upregulated in the overexpression lines. The higher SPS activity arose from a higher level of SPS protein, and was independent of SnRK1. • AtPAP2 was found to be targeted to both plastids and mitochondria via its C-terminal hydrophobic motif. Ectopic expression of a truncated AtPAP2 without this C-terminal motif in Arabidopsis indicated that the subcellular localization of AtPAP2 is essential for its biological actions. • Plant PAPs are generally considered to mediate phosphorus acquisition and redistribution. AtPAP2 is the first PAP shown to modulate carbon metabolism and the first shown to be dual-targeted to both plastids and mitochondria by a C-terminal targeting signal. • One PAP-like sequence carrying a hydrophobic C-terminal motif could be identified in the genome of the smallest free-living photosynthetic eukaryote, Ostreococcus tauri. This might reflect a common ancestral function of AtPAP2-like sequences in the regulation of carbon metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sun
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui Kit Suen
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chris Carrie
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jane L Ward
- National Centre for Plant and Microbial Metabolomics, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Nathaniel D Hawkins
- National Centre for Plant and Microbial Metabolomics, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Boon Leong Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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Diaz C, Kusano M, Sulpice R, Araki M, Redestig H, Saito K, Stitt M, Shin R. Determining novel functions of Arabidopsis 14-3-3 proteins in central metabolic processes. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2011; 5:192. [PMID: 22104211 PMCID: PMC3253775 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background 14-3-3 proteins are considered master regulators of many signal transduction cascades in eukaryotes. In plants, 14-3-3 proteins have major roles as regulators of nitrogen and carbon metabolism, conclusions based on the studies of a few specific 14-3-3 targets. Results In this study, extensive novel roles of 14-3-3 proteins in plant metabolism were determined through combining the parallel analyses of metabolites and enzyme activities in 14-3-3 overexpression and knockout plants with studies of protein-protein interactions. Decreases in the levels of sugars and nitrogen-containing-compounds and in the activities of known 14-3-3-interacting-enzymes were observed in 14-3-3 overexpression plants. Plants overexpressing 14-3-3 proteins also contained decreased levels of malate and citrate, which are intermediate compounds of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These modifications were related to the reduced activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase, which are key enzymes of TCA cycle. In addition, we demonstrated that 14-3-3 proteins interacted with one isocitrate dehydrogenase and two malate dehydrogenases. There were also changes in the levels of aromatic compounds and the activities of shikimate dehydrogenase, which participates in the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds. Conclusion Taken together, our findings indicate that 14-3-3 proteins play roles as crucial tuners of multiple primary metabolic processes including TCA cycle and the shikimate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Diaz
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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Denison FC, Paul AL, Zupanska AK, Ferl RJ. 14-3-3 proteins in plant physiology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2011; 22:720-7. [PMID: 21907297 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant 14-3-3 isoforms, like their highly conserved homologues in mammals, function by binding to phosphorylated client proteins to modulate their function. Through the regulation of a diverse range of proteins including kinases, transcription factors, structural proteins, ion channels and pathogen defense-related proteins, they are being implicated in an expanding catalogue of physiological functions in plants. 14-3-3s themselves are affected, both transcriptionally and functionally, by the extracellular and intracellular environment of the plant. They can modulate signaling pathways that transduce inputs from the environment and also the downstream proteins that elicit the physiological response. This review covers some of the key emerging roles for plant 14-3-3s including their role in the response to the plant extracellular environment, particularly environmental stress, pathogens and light conditions. We also address potential key roles in primary metabolism, hormone signaling, growth and cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Denison
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
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Swatek KN, Graham K, Agrawal GK, Thelen JJ. The 14-3-3 Isoforms Chi and Epsilon Differentially Bind Client Proteins from Developing Arabidopsis Seed. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:4076-87. [DOI: 10.1021/pr200263m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirby N. Swatek
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Katherine Graham
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Ganesh K. Agrawal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jay J. Thelen
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group and Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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Bah AM, Sun H, Chen F, Zhou J, Dai H, Zhang G, Wu F. Comparative proteomic analysis of Typha angustifolia leaf under chromium, cadmium and lead stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 184:191-203. [PMID: 20817397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated Typha angustifolia leaf proteome in response to Cr, Cd and Pb stress. T. angustifolia of 90 (D90) and 130d (D130) old plants were subjected to 1mM Cr, Cd and Pb and samples were collected 30d after treatment. 2-DE coupled with MS (mass spectrometry) was used to analyze and identify Cr, Cd and Pb-responsive proteins. More than 1600 protein spots were reproducibly detected on each gel, wherein 44, 46, 66 and 33, 26, 62 spots in D90 and D130 samples were differentially expressed by Cr, Cd, Pb over the control, respectively. Of these differentially expressed proteins, 3, 1, 8 overlapped in D90 and D130; while 5, 8, 5 with regulation factors above 3 in one of D90 or D130 samples. Total of 22 and 4 up- and down-regulated proteins were identified using MS and data bank analysis. Cr-induced expression of ATP synthase, RuBisCO small subunit and coproporphyrinogen III oxidase; Cd-induced RuBisCO large subunit; Pb up-regulated carbohydrate metabolic pathway enzymes of fructokinase, and improved RuBisCO activase and large subunit, Mg-protoporphyrin IX chelatase. Contrarily, elF4F was inhibited by Cr/Pb, chloroplast FtsZ-like protein and GF14 omega impeded by Cd and Pb, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieu Mohamed Bah
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Huaxin Dai
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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Waclawovsky AJ, Sato PM, Lembke CG, Moore PH, Souza GM. Sugarcane for bioenergy production: an assessment of yield and regulation of sucrose content. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2010; 8:263-76. [PMID: 20388126 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2009.00491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of plant scientists, including breeders, agronomists, physiologists and molecular biologists, are working towards the development of new and improved energy crops. Research is increasingly focused on how to design crops specifically for bioenergy production and increased biomass generation for biofuel purposes. The most important biofuel to date is bioethanol produced from sugars (sucrose and starch). Second generation bioethanol is also being targeted for studies to allow the use of the cell wall (lignocellulose) as a source of carbon. If a crop is to be used for bioenergy production, the crop should be high yielding, fast growing, low lignin content and requiring relatively small energy inputs for its growth and harvest. Obtaining high yields in nonprime agricultural land is a key for energy crop development to allow sustainability and avoid competition with food production. Sugarcane is the most efficient bioenergy crop of tropical and subtropical regions, and biotechnological tools for the improvement of this crop are advancing rapidly. We focus this review on the studies of sugarcane genes associated with sucrose content, biomass and cell wall metabolism and the preliminary physiological characterization of cultivars that contrast for sugar and biomass yield.
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SONG JM, DAI S, LI HS, LIU AF, CHENG DG, CHU XS, Ian J TETLOW, Michael JEMES. Expression of a Wheat Endosperm 14-3-3 Protein and Its Interactions with Starch Biosynthetic Enzymes in Amyloplasts. ZUOWU XUEBAO 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2009.01445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Papini-Terzi FS, Rocha FR, Vêncio RZN, Felix JM, Branco DS, Waclawovsky AJ, Del Bem LEV, Lembke CG, Costa MDL, Nishiyama MY, Vicentini R, Vincentz MGA, Ulian EC, Menossi M, Souza GM. Sugarcane genes associated with sucrose content. BMC Genomics 2009; 10:120. [PMID: 19302712 PMCID: PMC2666766 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sucrose content is a highly desirable trait in sugarcane as the worldwide demand for cost-effective biofuels surges. Sugarcane cultivars differ in their capacity to accumulate sucrose and breeding programs routinely perform crosses to identify genotypes able to produce more sucrose. Sucrose content in the mature internodes reach around 20% of the culms dry weight. Genotypes in the populations reflect their genetic program and may display contrasting growth, development, and physiology, all of which affect carbohydrate metabolism. Few studies have profiled gene expression related to sugarcane's sugar content. The identification of signal transduction components and transcription factors that might regulate sugar accumulation is highly desirable if we are to improve this characteristic of sugarcane plants. RESULTS We have evaluated thirty genotypes that have different Brix (sugar) levels and identified genes differentially expressed in internodes using cDNA microarrays. These genes were compared to existing gene expression data for sugarcane plants subjected to diverse stress and hormone treatments. The comparisons revealed a strong overlap between the drought and sucrose-content datasets and a limited overlap with ABA signaling. Genes associated with sucrose content were extensively validated by qRT-PCR, which highlighted several protein kinases and transcription factors that are likely to be regulators of sucrose accumulation. The data also indicate that aquaporins, as well as lignin biosynthesis and cell wall metabolism genes, are strongly related to sucrose accumulation. Moreover, sucrose-associated genes were shown to be directly responsive to short term sucrose stimuli, confirming their role in sugar-related pathways. CONCLUSION Gene expression analysis of sugarcane populations contrasting for sucrose content indicated a possible overlap with drought and cell wall metabolism processes and suggested signaling and transcriptional regulators to be used as molecular markers in breeding programs. Transgenic research is necessary to further clarify the role of the genes and define targets useful for sugarcane improvement programs based on transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia S Papini-Terzi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Chevalier D, Morris ER, Walker JC. 14-3-3 and FHA domains mediate phosphoprotein interactions. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2009; 60:67-91. [PMID: 19575580 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Many aspects of plant growth and development require specific protein interactions to carry out biochemical and cellular functions. Several proteins mediate these interactions, two of which specifically recognize phosphoproteins: 14-3-3 proteins and proteins with FHA domains. These are the only phosphobinding domains identified in plants. Both domains are present in animals and plants, and are used by plant proteins to regulate metabolic, developmental, and signaling pathways. 14-3-3s regulate sugar metabolism, proton gradients, and control transcription factor localization. FHA domains are modular domains often found in multidomain proteins that are involved in signal transduction and plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chevalier
- Division of Biological Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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45
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Paul AL, Folta KM, Ferl RJ. 14-3-3 proteins, red light and photoperiodic flowering: A point of connection? PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2008; 3:511-5. [PMID: 19513242 PMCID: PMC2634483 DOI: 10.4161/psb.3.8.5717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2008] [Accepted: 02/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 family of proteins is well known for participating in signal transduction by binding specifically phosphorylated proteins, thereby completing their kinase-induced transition in activity or localization. This interaction-based modulation of signal flux through metabolic pathways is a critical feature of many important eukaryotic signal transduction cascades. Only recently, however, have studies in Arabidopsis thaliana described that some of the most fundamental plant signal transduction pathways, including the photoperiodic flowering pathway, are functionally affected by 14-3-3s. There are pivotal points in the photoperiod pathway that are characterized by the accumulation, localization and stability of critical protein factors, all of which are strongly affected by light quality and photoperiod duration. These mechanisms (localization, phosphorylation, regulated proteolysis) are the same as those regulated by 14-3-3 proteins in other systems. Yet it is only recently that well characterized 14-3-3 genetic tools have become available in sufficient diversity to make it possible to truly tie 14-3-3 interactions to light signaling and flowering. This review presents an overview of photoperiodic flowering signaling and direct 14-3-3 participation in the process, coupled with a discussion of the overlapping and specific roles of 14-3-3s which present confounding issues in the functional dissection of this family of signaling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lisa Paul
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program and Horticultural Sciences Department; University of Florida; Gainesville, Florida USA
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46
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Folta KM, Paul AL, Mayfield JD, Ferl RJ. 14-3-3 isoforms participate in red light signaling and photoperiodic flowering. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2008; 3:304-6. [PMID: 19841653 PMCID: PMC2634265 DOI: 10.4161/psb.3.5.5288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Members of the 14-3-3 family of proteins participate in signal transduction by modulating flux through various pathways. Potential subfunctionalization within this family has produced a suite of related proteins with diverse client interactions and discrete localization. The associated study assesses the biological roles of two specific 14-3-3 isoforms, using genetic, biochemical and physiological assays to ascertain potential nodes of interaction. Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutants representing the nu and mu isoforms exhibited a short, yet clear delay in flowering time on long days. Tests of hypocotyl growth inhibition under narrow bandwidth light indicated a hyposensitivity to red light, while responses to blue and far-red light were normal. These physiological tests suggest a mechanistic link between 14-3-3 proteins, red light sensing, and the pathways that control photoperiodic flowering. The precise entry point into the pathway was assessed using yeast two hybrid assays targeted against specific proteins active in the circadian oscillator, light transduction and photoperiodic flowering. Yeast two hybrid interaction was observed with CONSTANS (CO), and then confirmed with coimmunoprecipitation. Functional interaction with phyB leading to defects in flowering time and direct interaction with CONSTANS circumstantially places these specific 14-3-3 isoforms into the pathway that regulates the transition between vegetative and floral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Folta
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program and Horticultural Sciences Department; University of Florida; Gainesville, Florida USA
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Chen S, Hajirezaei MR, Zanor MI, Hornyik C, Debast S, Lacomme C, Fernie AR, Sonnewald U, Börnke F. RNA interference-mediated repression of sucrose-phosphatase in transgenic potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum) strongly affects the hexose-to-sucrose ratio upon cold storage with only minor effects on total soluble carbohydrate accumulation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2008; 31:165-176. [PMID: 17999659 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01747.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Storage of potato tubers at low temperatures leads to the accumulation of glucose and fructose in a process called 'cold sweetening'. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of sucrose-phosphatase (SPP) in potato tuber carbohydrate metabolism at low temperature (4 degrees C). To this end, RNA interference (RNAi) was used to reduce SPP expression in transgenic potato tubers. Analysis of SPP specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), SPP protein accumulation and enzyme activity indicated that SPP silencing in transgenic tubers was stable during the cold treatment. Analysis of soluble carbohydrates showed that in transgenic tubers, cold-induced hexogenesis was inhibited while, despite strongly reduced SPP activity, sucrose levels exceeded wild-type (WT) values four- to fivefold after 34 d of cold treatment. This led to a drastic change in the hexose-to-sucrose ratio from 1.9 in WT tubers to 0.15 to 0.11 in transgenic tubers, while the total amount of soluble sugars was largely unchanged in both genotypes. Sucrose-6(F)-phosphate (Suc6P), the substrate of SPP, accumulated in transgenic tubers in the cold which most likely enables the residual enzyme to operate with maximal catalytic activity in vivo and thus, in the long term, counterbalances reduced SPP activity in the transformants. Northern analysis revealed that cold-induced expression of vacuolar invertase (VI) was blocked in SPP-silenced tubers explaining a reduced sucrose-to-hexose conversion. Suc6P levels were found to negatively correlate with VI expression. A possible role of Suc6P in regulating VI expression is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Menossi M, Silva-Filho MC, Vincentz M, Van-Sluys MA, Souza GM. Sugarcane functional genomics: gene discovery for agronomic trait development. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT GENOMICS 2008; 2008:458732. [PMID: 18273390 PMCID: PMC2216073 DOI: 10.1155/2008/458732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane is a highly productive crop used for centuries as the main source of sugar and recently to produce ethanol, a renewable bio-fuel energy source. There is increased interest in this crop due to the impending need to decrease fossil fuel usage. Sugarcane has a highly polyploid genome. Expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing has significantly contributed to gene discovery and expression studies used to associate function with sugarcane genes. A significant amount of data exists on regulatory events controlling responses to herbivory, drought, and phosphate deficiency, which cause important constraints on yield and on endophytic bacteria, which are highly beneficial. The means to reduce drought, phosphate deficiency, and herbivory by the sugarcane borer have a negative impact on the environment. Improved tolerance for these constraints is being sought. Sugarcane's ability to accumulate sucrose up to 16% of its culm dry weight is a challenge for genetic manipulation. Genome-based technology such as cDNA microarray data indicates genes associated with sugar content that may be used to develop new varieties improved for sucrose content or for traits that restrict the expansion of the cultivated land. The genes can also be used as molecular markers of agronomic traits in traditional breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Menossi
- Departmento de Genetica e Evolução IB-Unicamp, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas,
C.P. 6010, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M. C. Silva-Filho
- Departamento de Genética,
Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz,
Universidade de São Paulo,
Av. Pádua Dias, 11, C.P. 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - M. Vincentz
- Departmento de Genetica e Evolução IB-Unicamp, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas,
C.P. 6010, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M.-A. Van-Sluys
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências,
Universidade de São Paulo,
Rua do Matão 277, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - G. M. Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica,
Instituto de Química,
Universidade de São Paulo,
Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- *G. M. Souza:
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Cao A, Jain A, Baldwin JC, Raghothama KG. Phosphate differentially regulates 14-3-3 family members and GRF9 plays a role in Pi-starvation induced responses. PLANTA 2007; 226:1219-30. [PMID: 17598127 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-007-0569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2007] [Accepted: 05/31/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3s are phosphoserine-binding proteins that act as key regulators of many metabolic pathways. Several biotic and abiotic stresses have been shown to modulate the expression of 14-3-3 genes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, 15 genes are known to code for 14-3-3 isoforms belonging to epsilon and non-epsilon groups. Since phosphorus is one of the essential macronutrients for plants, we examined its role in the regulation of the expression of 14-3-3 isoforms belonging to epsilon (GRF9, GRF10, GRF11, GRF13) and non-epsilon (GRF1, GRF3, GRF6, GRF8) groups. The effect of Pi deprivation was differential on the members of non-epsilon group ranging from a significant reduction in the transcripts of GRF3 to non-perceptible changes in the transcripts of other members. Suppressive effect of Pi-deficiency was more pronounced on some of the members of epsilon group with transcripts levels of GRF9 and GRF13 barely detectable. A concurrent increase in the transcript levels of GRF9 with an increase in the Pi concentration suggested a correlation between gene expression and Pi availability. However, neither Pi deficiency at low temperature nor Fe and K deficiency failed to suppress GRF9 expression. In planta role of GRF9 was elucidated by the analysis of the loss-of-function mutant under Pi-replete condition. The analyses revealed exaggerated Pi-starvation responses in the form of starch accumulation in the leaves and modulated root system architecture (RSA). An inverse relationship between the abundance of GRF9 transcripts and accumulation of starch in transgenic lines over-expressing this gene provided further evidence towards the role of GRF9 in modulation of metabolic pathways during Pi-starvation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Cao
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1165, USA
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50
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Yao Y, Du Y, Jiang L, Liu JY. Molecular analysis and expression patterns of the 14-3-3 gene family from Oryza sativa. BMB Rep 2007; 40:349-57. [PMID: 17562286 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2007.40.3.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous family of 14-3-3 proteins functions as regulators in a variety of physiological processes. Eight rice 14-3-3 genes, designated OsGF14a through h, were identified from an exhaustive search of the genome database. Comparisons of deduced amino acid sequences reveal a high degree of identity among members of the OsGF14 family and reported Arabidopsis 14-3-3 proteins. A phylogenetic study indicates that OsGF14s contain both epsilon and non-epsilon forms, which is also confirmed by a structural analysis of OsGF14 genes. Furthermore, transcripts of OsGF14b, OsGF14c, OsGF14d, OsGF14e, OsGF14f and OsGF14g were detected in rice tissues. Their different expression patterns, the different effects of environmental stresses and plant hormones on their transcription levels, and the different complementary phenotypes in yeast 14-3-3 mutants not only indicates that OsGF14s are responsive to various stress conditions and regulated by multiple signaling pathways, but also suggests that functional similarity and diversity coexist among the members of OsGF14 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
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