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Bojilov D, Manolov S, Nacheva A, Dagnon S, Ivanov I. Characterization of Polyphenols from Chenopodium botrys after Fractionation with Different Solvents and Study of Their In Vitro Biological Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:4816. [PMID: 37375371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we have investigated the polyphenolic composition of Chenopodium botrys from Bulgaria. The polyphenols were fractionated with solvents of varying polarity (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). The fractions were analyzed by HPLC-PDA and UHPLC-MS. The ethyl acetate fraction contained mono- and di-glycosides of quercetin, di-glycosides of kaempferol, and isorhamnetin and monoglycosides of hispidulin and jaceosidine. We found quercetin triglycosides in the butanol fraction. The ethyl acetate and butanol fractions contained 168.82 mg/g Extr and 67.21 mg/g Extr of quercetin glycosides, respectively. The main components of the polyphenolic complex in C. botrys were 6-methoxyflavones (355.47 mg/g Extr), which were found in the chloroform fraction. The flavonoids pectolinarigenin, demethylnobiletin, and isosinensetin, and the glycosides of quercetin (triglycosides, acylglycosides), kaempferol, isorhamnetin, hispidiulin, and jaceosidine, were discovered and reported in Chenopodium botrys for the first time. We used in vitro methods to assess the biological activity against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (HPSA) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA)), nitrosative stress (nitric oxide scavenging activity (NOSA)), anti-inflammatory activity (IAD inhibition), and anti-tryptic activity (ATA). Quercetin mono- and di-glycosides exhibited greater HPSA and HRSA (IC50 = 39.18, 105.03 µg/mL), while 6-methoxyflavones had a greater NOSA (IC50 = 146.59 µg/mL). The same components showed the highest ATA (IC50 ranging from 116.23 to 202.44 µg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Bojilov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stanimir Manolov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Angelika Nacheva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Soleya Dagnon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Iliyan Ivanov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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He X, Zhang W, Cao Q, Li Y, Bao G, Lin T, Bao J, Chang C, Yang C, Yin Y, Xu J, Ren Z, Jin Y, Lu F. Global Downregulation of Penicillin Resistance and Biofilm Formation by MRSA Is Associated with the Interaction between Kaempferol Rhamnosides and Quercetin. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0278222. [PMID: 36354319 PMCID: PMC9769653 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02782-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) drug resistance and the formation of biofilms seriously challenge the clinical application of classic antibiotics. Extracts of the traditional herb Chenopodium ambrosioides L. were found to have strong antibiofilm activity against MRSA, but their mechanism of action remains poorly understood. This study was designed to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against MRSA of flavonoids identified from C. ambrosioides L. in combination with classic antibiotics, including ceftazidime, erythromycin, levofloxacin, penicillin G, and vancomycin. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to analyze the nonvolatile chemical compositions. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used to investigate potential multitargets of flavonoids based on global transcriptional responses of virulence and antibiotic resistance. A synergistic antibacterial and biofilm-inhibiting activity of the alcoholic extract of the ear of C. ambrosioides L. in combination with penicillin G was observed against MRSA, which proved to be closely related to the interaction of the main components of kaempferol rhamnosides with quercetin. In regard to the mechanism, the increased sensitivity of MRSA to penicillin G was shown to be related to the downregulation of penicillinase with SarA as a potential drug target, while the antibiofilm activity was mainly related to downregulation of various virulence factors involved in the initial and mature stages of biofilm development, with SarA and/or σB as drug targets. This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the medicinal activity of kaempferol rhamnosides and quercetin and their application in combination with penicillin G against MRSA biofilm infection. IMPORTANCE In this study, the synergistic antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of the traditional herb C. ambrosioides L. and the classic antibiotic penicillin G on MRSA provide a potential strategy to deal with the rapid development of MRSA antibiotic resistance. This study also provides a theoretical basis for further optimizing the combined effect of kaempferol rhamnosides, quercetin, and penicillin G and exploring anti-MRSA biofilm infection research with SarA and σB as drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong He
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingchao Cao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinyue Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Bao
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Lin
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Bao
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caiwang Chang
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changshui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Ren
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingshan Jin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Mbagwu IS, Akah PA, Ajaghaku DL, Ike JC, Okoye FBC. Newboulasides A and B, two new caffeic acid glycosides from Newbouldia laevis with α-amylase inhibitory activity. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:726-734. [PMID: 32720525 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1799362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the ethanol extract of the leaves of Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv) led to the isolation of two new caffeic acid glycosides, Newboulasides A (1) and B (2). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D-, 2D-NMR and MS data. The extracts and fractions and the isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibition of α-amylase enzyme activity. The extract showed inhibition of α-amylase activity with IC50 value of 102.91 µg/mL, while the isolated compounds (1 and 2) exhibited pronounced inhibition with IC50 values of 4.95 and 4.44 µg/mL respectively, comparable to the standard - Acarbose with IC50 value of 4.05 µg/mL. Our findings demonstrated that the inhibition of α-amylase activity may be part of the mechanisms through which N. leavis exhibits antidiabetic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikechukwu Sonne Mbagwu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Peter Achunike Akah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Jeremiah Chibueze Ike
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Festus Basden Chiedu Okoye
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
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Mentha longifolia subsp. typhoides and subsp. schimperi: Antimicrobial and Antiquorum-Sensing Bioactivities. Chem Nat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-021-03516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bianchi SE, Kaiser S, Pittol V, Doneda E, De Souza KCB, Bassani VL. Semi-preparative isolation and purification of phenolic compounds from Achyrocline satureioides (Lam) D.C. by high-performance counter-current chromatography. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2019; 30:182-192. [PMID: 30565775 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phenolic compounds present in Achyrocline satureioides are known to have therapeutic benefits like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumour properties. The main polyphenols present in the plant are quercetin (QCT), luteolin (LUT), 3-O-methylquercetin (3OMQ), and achyrobichalcone (ACB). However, the effective isolation and purification of these compounds from A. satureioides inflorescences are not an easy task. OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient high-performance counter-current chromatography (HPCCC) method for quick separation and purification of naturally occurring phenolic compounds from the extract of A. satureioides. METHODOLOGY A two-step HPCCC semi-preparative isolation method was developed using a solvent system composed of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (0.8:1.0:0.8:1.0) and dichloromethane/methanol/water (3.5:3.5:2.5). RESULTS The HPCCC method was used to obtain two fractions. The first fraction (F1 ) contained high levels of ACB, among other constituents, while the second fraction (F2 ) contained mostly QCT, LUT, and 3OMQ. Besides the high ACB content, F1 contained three other flavonoid-aglycones (kaempferol, 97.3%; isokaempferide, 92.4%; and 3,3'-di-O-methylquercetin, 95.2%) identified by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight with high-definition mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/HDMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Purity levels of ACB, 3OMQ, QCT, and LUT were 98.0, 97.0, 97.5, and 90.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION This is the first time that high purity ACB and six other flavonoids were obtained from A. satureioides inflorescences by HPCCC. These excellent results reveal the potential and versatility of HPCCC as a technique to produce different types of products from this plant species on a semi-preparative scale: enriched fractions, new metabolites, or high purity compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Elis Bianchi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Samuel Kaiser
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pittol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Doneda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
Flavonoids are tricyclic polyphenolic compounds naturally occurring in plants. Being nature’s antioxidants flavonoids have been shown to reduce the damages induced by oxidative stress in cells. Besides being an antioxidant, flavonols are demonstrated to have anti-infective properties, i.e., antiviral, antifungal, anti-angiogenic, anti-tumorigenic, and immunomodulatory bioproperties. Plants use them as one of their defense mechanisms against radiation-induced DNA damage and also for fungal infections. The use of flavonols for fabrication of new drugs has been underway with objectives to develop safer and effective therapeutic agents. This review covers 15 flavonols for their structure, biological properties, role in plant metabolisms, and current research focused on computational drug design using flavonols for searching drug leads.
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An JP, Dang LH, Ha TKQ, Pham HTT, Lee BW, Lee CH, Oh WK. Flavone glycosides from Sicyos angulatus and their inhibitory effects on hepatic lipid accumulation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 157:53-63. [PMID: 30368219 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A library of extracted natural materials (Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank) have been screened to discover candidates for the treatment of non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), and the 70% ethanol extract of Sicyos angulatus was found to inhibit hepatic lipid accumulation. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this bioactive extract yielded five previously undescribed flavonoid glycosides and one previously undescribed flavonolignan glycoside along with seven known flavonoid glycosides. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by a combination of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including MS, NMR and UV techniques. Eight compounds of all isolated compounds showed inhibitory effects on the lipid accumulation induced by high concentrations of palmitic acid and glucose in HepG2 cells. Four selected compounds were tested for lipid content in a dose-dependent manner (10, 20 and 40 μM), and among those compounds, kaempferol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside showed the strongest inhibition of hepatic lipid production in HepG2 cells. In an oil-red O staining assay, five compounds were shown to reduce hepatic lipid accumulation better than what was observed in the vehicle control group. The present study suggests a new class of chemical entities for developing bioactive agents for the treatment of diseases caused by fat accumulation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Pyo An
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Lan Huong Dang
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Kim Quy Ha
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Thanh Tung Pham
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ba-Wool Lee
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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Okoye FBC, Sawadogo WR, Sendker J, Aly AH, Quandt B, Wray V, Hensel A, Esimone CO, Debbab A, Diederich M, Proksch P. Flavonoid glycosides from Olax mannii: Structure elucidation and effect on the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:27-34. [PMID: 26475120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Olax mannii Oliv. (Olacaceae) is among the many medicinal plants used in Nigeria for the ethnomedicinal management of both cancer and inflammation. Such plants represent potential sources of innovative therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer and other malignant disorders. While the majority of medicinal plants exert their anticancer effects by direct cytotoxicity on tumor cells, it is important that other mechanisms through which these plants can exhibit anticancer effects are investigated. Preliminary studies indicated that Olax mannii leaves are rich sources of novel flavonoid glycosides. The detailed chemistry as well the mechanisms through which these flavonoid constituents may exert their cancer chemo-preventive and therapeutic effects are, however, not yet investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to carry out a detailed chemical investigation of Olax mannii leaves and the effects of the isolated constituents on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS A methanol leaf extract was subjected to various chromatographic separations to achieve isolation of flavonoid glycosides and the structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR and high resolution mass spectrometry. Biological activities were assessed by measurement of cellular viability and proliferation using quantitative IncuCyte videomicroscopy, trypan blue staining and by quantification of the number of metabolically active K562 cells based on quantitation of ATP. The effect of the compounds on the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway as well as toxicity towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells to evaluate differential toxicity was also assayed. RESULTS Chemical investigation of the methanol leaf extract of the plant material led to the isolation of three new flavonoid triglycosides, kaempferol 3-O-[α-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinofuranoside]-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinofuranoside]-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-arabinopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside]-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), in addition to fourteen known flavonoid glycosides (4-17). Of all the tested compounds, only compound 9 (kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside) exhibited promising and specific antiproliferative activity on human K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells and dose-dependently inhibited NF-κB transactivation. CONCLUSION The presence of this flavonoid glycoside and derivatives may account for the reported efficacy of Olax mannii leaf extract in the ethnomedicinal management of cancer and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Festus B C Okoye
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, HHU-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | | | - Jandirk Sendker
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Amal H Aly
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, HHU-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bettina Quandt
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Victor Wray
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, d-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Hensel
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
| | - Charles O Esimone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Abdessamad Debbab
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, HHU-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, HHU-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Zhang F, Yang YN, Song XY, Shao SY, Feng ZM, Jiang JS, Li L, Chen NH, Zhang PC. Forsythoneosides A-D, Neuroprotective Phenethanoid and Flavone Glycoside Heterodimers from the Fruits of Forsythia suspensa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2390-2397. [PMID: 26422318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Forsythoneosides A-D (1-4), four unusual adducts of a flavonoid unit fused to a phenylethanoid glycoside through a pyran ring or carbon-carbon bond, and four new phenylethanoid glycosides (5-8) were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa, together with nine known compounds. The structures of 1-8, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated by spectroscopic data as well as experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism analysis. Compounds 2 and 4 inhibited PC12 cell damage induced by rotenone, and increased cell viability from 53.9 ± 7.1% to 70.1 ± 4.0% and 67.9 ± 5.2% at 0.1 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Yun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Ming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Shuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Iwashina T. Flavonoid Properties in Plant Families Synthesizing Betalain Pigments (Review). Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthocyanin pigments are contained in the flowers, fruits, leaves and roots of almost plant species. On the other hand, distribution of the betacyanins are limited in eight families of the order Caryophyllales, i.e. Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Basellaceae, Cactaceae, Didiereaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Phytolaccaceae and Portulacaceae. However, other flavonoids, i.e. flavones, C-glycosylflavones, flavonols, flavanones, dihydroflavonols, chalcones, aurones, and flavan and proanthocyanidins, are synthesized in betalain-containing families. In this review, distribution and properties of the flavonoids in eight betalain-containing families are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Iwashina
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4–1–1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
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Okoye FBC, Agbo MO, Nworu CS, Nwodo NJ, Esimone CO, Osadebe PO, Proksch P. New neolignan glycoside and an unusual benzoyl malic acid derivative from Maytenus senegalensis leaves. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:109-15. [PMID: 25230985 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.959948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Further investigation of the methanol leaf extract of Maytenus senegalensis led to the isolation of six compounds, including mayselignoside (1) and an unusual benzoyl malic acid derivative, benzoyl R-(+)-malic acid (2). Two known lignan derivatives (+)-lyoniresinol (3) and (-)-isolariciresinol (4), a known neolignan derivative dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (5) and the triterpenoid, β-amyrin (6) were also isolated. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectroscopy. All compounds were tested for cytotoxicity against mouse lymphoma cell line (L5178Y) and for antimicrobial activity against strains of bacteria and fungi. None of the compounds showed promising cytotoxic and/or antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Festus Basden Chiedu Okoye
- a Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Universität Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
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Vysochina GI. Flavonoids of the Chenopodium L. genus of world flora. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162010070010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu H, Mou Y, Zhao J, Wang J, Zhou L, Wang M, Wang D, Han J, Yu Z, Yang F. Flavonoids from Halostachys caspica and their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Molecules 2010; 15:7933-45. [PMID: 21060300 PMCID: PMC6259280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15117933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven flavonoids have been isolated from the aerial parts of Halostachys caspica C. A. Mey. (Chenopodiaceae) for the first time. By means of physicochemical and spectrometric analysis, they were identified as luteolin (1), chrysin (2), chrysin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), isorhamentin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and isorhamentin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (7). All flavonoids were evaluated to show a broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity on microorganisms including seven bacterial and one fungal species as well as pronounced antioxidant activity. Among them, the aglycones with relatively low polarity had stronger bioactivity than their glycosides. The results suggested that the isolated flavonoids could be used for future development of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, and also provided additional data for supporting the use of H. caspica as forage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Mou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jihua Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86 10 62731199
| | - Mingan Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Daoquan Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianguo Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhu Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fuyu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Yang F, Su YF, Bi YP, Xu J, Zhu ZQ, Tu GZ, Gao XM. Three New Kaempferol Glycosides fromCardamine leucantha. Helv Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200900269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Marzouk MM, Kawashty SA, Saleh NAM, Al-Nowaihi ASM. A new kaempferol trioside from Farsetia aegyptia. Chem Nat Compd 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-009-9402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Pistelli L, Noccioli C, Bertoli A, Scapecchi G, Potenza D. Chemical composition and volatile constituents ofAnthyllis barba-jovis. Nat Prod Res 2007; 21:418-25. [PMID: 17487613 DOI: 10.1080/14786410600577524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Six flavonol glycosides were isolated and identified from the aerial parts of Anthyllis barba-jovis L. (Leguminosae), together with two coumarins and D-pinitol, a taxonomic marker of Leguminosae family. The structural elucidation of all compounds was based on their (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectral data and bidimensional experiments. The total flavonoid content was also determined, according to the method described in the Italian pharmacopoeia. In order to complete the phytochemical investigation on A. barba-jovis, the essential oils from flowers and seeds were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS; fresh flowers were analysed also directly by solid phase micro extraction (SPME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Pistelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Bioorganica e Biofarmacia, Università di Pisa, Italy.
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Pistelli L, Noccioli C, Martera M, Giamperi L, Bucchini A, Fraternale D, Ricci D. Antioxidant flavonol glycosides from Dorycnium hirsutum. Chem Nat Compd 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-006-0099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Fang SH, Rao YK, Tzeng YM. Inhibitory effects of flavonol glycosides from Cinnamomum osmophloeum on inflammatory mediators in LPS/IFN-γ-activated murine macrophages. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:2381-8. [PMID: 15755640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2004] [Accepted: 01/26/2005] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Four kaempferol glycosides were isolated from the leaves of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh, a Taiwan endemic tree. These compounds namely, kaempferitrin (1), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), and kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosy-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (4). The structure of compound 2 was determined by spectroscopic analyses and acid hydrolysis. The isolates 1-4 were evaluated as inhibitors of some macrophage functions involved in the inflammatory process. These four compounds inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-gamma-induced nitric oxide (NO), and cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-12] in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of 50% inhibition (IC(50)) of NO by compounds 1, 3, 4 were 40, 15, 20microM, respectively. In parallel, these concentrations were approximately in a similar manner to that observed for TNF-alpha and IL-12 production. However, compound 2 inhibited NO and cytokines production by 30% at 100microM concentration. On the other hand, compounds 3 and 4 showed no inhibitory effect on the production of NO from macrophages, when inducible NO synthase was already expressed by the stimulation with LPS and IFN-gamma. Taken together, our results provide evidence that isolates of C. osmophloeum possess an anti-inflammatory potential which constitutes a previously unrecognized biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hua Fang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 400, Taiwan, ROC
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Semmar N, Fenet B, Lacaille-Dubois MA, Gluchoff-Fiasson K, Chemli R, Jay M. Two new glycosides from Astragalus caprinus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2001; 64:656-658. [PMID: 11374969 DOI: 10.1021/np0005311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new glycoside of flavonol (1) and a new glycoside of a cycloartane-type triterpene (2) were isolated from the leaves and the roots of Astragalus caprinus, respectively. Their structures were elucidated in turn by spectroscopic data interpretation as 3-O-[[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->6)][beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)]]-beta-D-galactopyranosyl kaempferol (1) and 3-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-24-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-20,25-epoxycycloartane-3beta,6alpha,16beta,24alpha-tetrol (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Semmar
- Laboratoire de Phytochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Université Claude Bernard, 43 Bd. 11 Novembre, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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