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Mustafa G, Mahrosh HS, Salman M, Sharif S, Jabeen R, Majeed T, Tahir H. Identification of Peptides as Novel Inhibitors to Target IFN- γ, IL-3, and TNF- α in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:1124055. [PMID: 34812407 PMCID: PMC8605925 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1124055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune disorder is a chronic immune imbalance which is developed through a series of pathways. The defect in B cells, T cells, and lack of self-tolerance has been greatly associated with the onset of many types of autoimmune complications including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. The SLE is an autoimmune disease with a common type of lupus that causes tissue and organ damage due to the wide spread of inflammation. In the current study, twenty anti-inflammatory peptides derived from plant and animal sources were docked as ligands or peptides counter to proinflammatory cytokines. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 3 (IL-3), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were targeted in this study as these are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE in many clinical studies. Two docking approaches (i.e., protein-ligand docking and peptide-protein docking) were employed in this study using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software and HADDOCK web server, respectively. Amongst docked twenty peptides, the peptide DEDTQAMMPFR with S-score of -11.3018 and HADDOCK score of -10.3 ± 2.5 kcal/mol showed the best binding interactions and energy validation with active amino acids of IFN-γ protein in both docking approaches. Depending upon these results, this peptide could be used as a potential drug candidate to target IFN-γ, IL-3, and TNF-α proteins to control inflammatory events. Other peptides (i.e., QEPQESQQ and FRDEHKK) also revealed good binding affinity with IFN-γ with S-scores of -10.98 and -10.55, respectively. Similarly, the peptides KHDRGDEF, FRDEHKK, and QEPQESQQ showed best binding interactions with IL-3 with S-scores of -8.81, -8.64, and -8.17, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Salaha Mahrosh
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Sharif
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Raheela Jabeen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Majeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafsah Tahir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Custurone P, Di Bartolomeo L, Irrera N, Borgia F, Altavilla D, Bitto A, Pallio G, Squadrito F, Vaccaro M. Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111429. [PMID: 34768860 PMCID: PMC8584117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune dermatosis of which the pathogenesis remains scarcely known. A wide variety of clinical studies have been proposed to investigate the immune mediators which have shown the most recurrency. However, such trials have produced controversial results. The aim of this review is to summarize the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, the latest findings regarding the cytokines involved and to evaluate the treatments based on the use of biological drugs in order to stop disease progression and achieve repigmentation. According to the results, the most recurrent studies dealt with inhibitors of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. It is possible that, given the great deal of cytokines involved in the lesion formation process of vitiligo, other biologics could be developed in the future to be used as adjuvants and/or to entirely replace the treatments that have proven to be unsatisfactory so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Custurone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.C.); (L.D.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Luca Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.C.); (L.D.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (D.A.); (A.B.); (G.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Borgia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.C.); (L.D.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (D.A.); (A.B.); (G.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (D.A.); (A.B.); (G.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (D.A.); (A.B.); (G.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (D.A.); (A.B.); (G.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.C.); (L.D.B.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-2213-933
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Travis OK, Tardo GA, Giachelli C, Siddiq S, Nguyen HT, Crosby MT, Johnson TD, Brown AK, Booz GW, Smith AN, Williams JM, Cornelius DC. Interferon γ neutralization reduces blood pressure, uterine artery resistance index, and placental oxidative stress in placental ischemic rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 321:R112-R124. [PMID: 34075808 PMCID: PMC8409917 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00349.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by maternal hypertension, intrauterine growth restriction, and increased cytolytic natural killer cells (cNKs), which secrete interferon γ (IFNγ). However, the precise role of IFNγ in contributing to PE pathophysiology remains unclear. Using the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of placental ischemia, we tested the hypothesis that neutralization of IFNγ in RUPPs will decrease placental reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improve vascular function resulting in decreased MAP and improved fetal growth. On gestation day (GD) 14, the RUPP procedure was performed and on GDs 15 and 18, a subset of normal pregnant rats (NP) and RUPP rats were injected with 10 μg/kg of an anti-rat IFNγ monoclonal antibody. On GD 18, uterine artery resistance index (UARI) was measured via Doppler ultrasound and on GD 19, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured, animals were euthanized, and blood and tissues were collected for analysis. Increased MAP was observed in RUPP rats compared with NP and was reduced in RUPP + anti-IFNγ. Placental ROS was also increased in RUPP rats compared with NP rats and was normalized in RUPP + anti-IFNγ. Fetal and placental weights were reduced in RUPP rats, but were not improved following anti-IFNγ treatment. However, UARI was elevated in RUPP compared with NP rats and was reduced in RUPP + anti-IFNγ. In conclusion, we observed that IFNγ neutralization reduced MAP, UARI, and placental ROS in RUPP recipients. These data suggest that IFNγ is a potential mechanism by which cNKs contribute to PE pathophysiology and may represent a therapeutic target to improve maternal outcomes in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K Travis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Geilda A Tardo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Chelsea Giachelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Shani Siddiq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Madison T Crosby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Tyler D Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Andrea K Brown
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Alex N Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jan Michael Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Denise C Cornelius
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Cure E, Kucuk A, Cure MC. Can emapalumab be life saving for refractory, recurrent, and progressive cytokine storm caused by COVID-19, which is resistant to anakinra, tocilizumab, and Janus kinase inhibitors. Indian J Pharmacol 2021; 53:226-228. [PMID: 34169908 PMCID: PMC8262416 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_615_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many potent drugs have been used for cytokine storm, mortality is high for patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which is followed up in the intensive care unit. Interferons (IFNs) are the major cytokines of the antiviral defense system released from many cell types. However, IFN-γ plays a key role in both primary and secondary cytokine storms. If the cytokine storm is not treated urgently, it will be fatal; therefore, it should be treated immediately. Anakinra, an interleukin-1 (IL-1) antagonist, tocilizumab, an IL-6 antagonist, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are successfully used in cytokine storm caused by COVID-19. However, sometimes, despite these treatments, the patient's clinical course does not improve. Emapalumab (Eb) is the human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody and is a potent and noncompetitive antagonist of IFN-γ. Eb can be life saving for cytokine storm caused by COVID-19, which is resistant to anakinra, tocilizumab, and JAK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Cure
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ota and Jinemed Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Erkan Cure, Department of Internal Medicine, Ota and Jinemed Hospital, Muradiye Mahallesi Nuzhetiye Cad, Deryadil Sokagi No: 1, Istanbul 34357, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Adem Kucuk
- Department of Rheumatology, Meram Tip Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Medine Cumhur Cure
- Department of Biochemistry, Private Kucukcekmece Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Gil TY, Hong CH, An HJ. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ellagic Acid on Keratinocytes via MAPK and STAT Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031277. [PMID: 33525403 PMCID: PMC7865693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by an impaired skin barrier and intense itchiness, which decreases the individual’s quality of life. No fully effective therapeutic agents have prevailed for AD due to an insufficient grasp of the complex etiology. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural compound, has anti-inflammatory properties in chronic diseases. The effects of EA on AD have not yet been explored. The present study investigated the effects of EA on TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes and house dust mite-induced AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Treatment with EA suppressed inflammatory responses in keratinocytes by regulating critical inflammatory signaling pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription. In vivo studies using a DfE-induced AD mouse model showed the effects of EA administration through ameliorated skin lesions via decremented histological inflammatory reactions. These results suggest that EA could be a potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of AD by inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Chul-Hee Hong
- Department of Korean Meidicne Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Correspondence: or
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Lu Y, Yang Y, Peng Z, Xie L, Zhong X, Liang F, Yuan C, Lu B. Silencing IFNγ inhibits A1 astrocytes and attenuates neurogenesis decline and cognitive impairment in endotoxemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:1519-1526. [PMID: 33158480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment, acute or long-term, is a common complication in patients with severe bacterial infection. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully verified and effective medicine is not available in clinics. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a pivotal cytokine against infection and is believed to be a tune in homeostasis of cognitive function. Here, we collected blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CF) from human subjects and mice, and found that plasma and CF levels of IFNγ were significantly increased in septic patients and endotoxin-challenged mice when compared with healthy controls. IFNγ signaling was boosted in the hippocampus of mice after a challenge of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which was accompanied with cognitive impairment and decline of neurogenesis. Deficiency of IFNγ or its receptor (IFNγR) dramatically attenuated microglia-induced A1 astrocytes and consequently restored neurogenesis and cognitive function in endotoxemia mice model. Using primary microglia, astrocytes and neurons, we found that IFNγ remarkably increased LPS-mediated release of TNFα and IL-1α in microglia and consequently induced the transformation of astrocyte to A1 subtype, which ultimately resulted in neuron damage. Thus, IFNγ promotes cognitive impairment in endotoxemia by enhancing microglia-induced A1 astrocytes. Targeting IFNγ would be a novel strategy for preventing or treating cognitive dysfunction in patients with Gram-negative infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Lu
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Yanliang Yang
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Zhouyangfan Peng
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Lingli Xie
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China; Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhong
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Chuang Yuan
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China.
| | - Ben Lu
- Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sepsis Translational Medicine of Hunan, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410000, PR China.
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7
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Chang CJ, Lin CF, Lee CH, Chuang HC, Shih FC, Wan SW, Tai C, Chen CL. Overcoming interferon (IFN)-γ resistance ameliorates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-mediated lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:114356. [PMID: 33285108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal activation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a common cause of fibroblast activation and fibrosis. In bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis, the marked expression of phospho-Src homology-2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP) 2, phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3 was highly associated with pulmonary parenchymal lesions and collagen deposition. Human pulmonary fibroblasts differentiated into myofibroblasts exhibited activation of SHP2, SOCS3, protein inhibitor of activated STAT1, STAT3, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10. The significant retardation of interferon (IFN)-γ signaling in myofibroblasts was revealed by the decreased expression of phospho-STAT1, IFN-γ-associated genes, and IFN-γ-inducible protein (IP) 10. Microarray analysis showed an induction of fibrotic genes in TGF-β1-differentiated myofibroblasts, whereas IFN-γ-regulated anti-fibrotic genes were suppressed. Interestingly, BIBF 1120 treatment effectively inhibited both STAT3 and SHP2 phosphorylation in TGF-β1-differentiated myofibroblasts and BLM fibrotic lung tissues, which was accompanied by suppression of fibroblast-myofibroblast transition. Moreover, the combined treatment of BIBF 1120 plus IFN-γ or SHP2 inhibitor PHPS1 plus IFN-γ markedly reduced TGF-β1-induced α-smooth muscle actin and further ameliorated BLM lung fibrosis. Accordingly, myofibroblasts were hyporesponsiveness to IFN-γ, while blockade of SHP2 contributed to the anti-fibrotic efficacy of IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jung Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Lee
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chia Shih
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Wan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi Tai
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Locatelli F, Jordan MB, Allen C, Cesaro S, Rizzari C, Rao A, Degar B, Garrington TP, Sevilla J, Putti MC, Fagioli F, Ahlmann M, Dapena Diaz JL, Henry M, De Benedetti F, Grom A, Lapeyre G, Jacqmin P, Ballabio M, de Min C. Emapalumab in Children with Primary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:1811-1822. [PMID: 32374962 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1911326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare syndrome characterized by immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation. It typically manifests in infancy and is associated with high mortality. METHODS We investigated the efficacy and safety of emapalumab (a human anti-interferon-γ antibody), administered with dexamethasone, in an open-label, single-group, phase 2-3 study involving patients who had received conventional therapy before enrollment (previously treated patients) and previously untreated patients who were 18 years of age or younger and had primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. The patients could enter a long-term follow-up study until 1 year after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation or until 1 year after the last dose of emapalumab, if transplantation was not performed. The planned 8-week treatment period could be shortened or extended if needed according to the timing of transplantation. The primary efficacy end point was the overall response, which was assessed in the previously treated patients according to objective clinical and laboratory criteria. RESULTS At the cutoff date of July 20, 2017, a total of 34 patients (27 previously treated patients and 7 previously untreated patients) had received emapalumab; 26 patients completed the study. A total of 63% of the previously treated patients and 65% of the patients who received an emapalumab infusion had a response; these percentages were significantly higher than the prespecified null hypothesis of 40% (P = 0.02 and P = 0.005, respectively). In the previously treated group, 70% of the patients were able to proceed to transplantation, as were 65% of the patients who received emapalumab. At the last observation, 74% of the previously treated patients and 71% of the patients who received emapalumab were alive. Emapalumab was not associated with any organ toxicity. Severe infections developed in 10 patients during emapalumab treatment. Emapalumab was discontinued in 1 patient because of disseminated histoplasmosis. CONCLUSIONS Emapalumab was an efficacious targeted therapy for patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. (Funded by NovImmune and the European Commission; NI-0501-04 and NI-0501-05 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01818492 and NCT02069899.).
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Age of Onset
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/adverse effects
- Chemokine CXCL9/blood
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Dexamethasone/administration & dosage
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Female
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Humans
- Infant
- Infections/etiology
- Interferon-gamma/antagonists & inhibitors
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/complications
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/drug therapy
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/mortality
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/therapy
- Male
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Locatelli
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Michael B Jordan
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Carl Allen
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Simone Cesaro
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Carmelo Rizzari
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Anupama Rao
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Barbara Degar
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Timothy P Garrington
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Julian Sevilla
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Maria-Caterina Putti
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Franca Fagioli
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Martina Ahlmann
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Jose-Luis Dapena Diaz
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Michael Henry
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Fabrizio De Benedetti
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Alexei Grom
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Genevieve Lapeyre
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Philippe Jacqmin
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Maria Ballabio
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
| | - Cristina de Min
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza, University of Rome (F.L.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (F.L.) and Division of Rheumatology (F.D.B.), IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Woman and Child Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona (S.C.), the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza (C.R.), the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padua (M.-C.P.), and the Division of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin (F.F.) - all in Italy; the Divisions of Immunobiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics (M.B.J.), and the Division of Rheumatology (A.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine (M.B.J.) - all in Cincinnati; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (C.A.); the Department of Hematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London (A.R.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston (B.D.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (T.P.G.); the Departments of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid (J.S.), and the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona (J.-L.D.D.); the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany (M.A.); the Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ (M.H.); NovImmune, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland (G.L., M.B., C.M.); and MnS Modelling and Simulation, Dinant, Belgium (P.J.)
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9
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Arnaldez FI, O'Day SJ, Drake CG, Fox BA, Fu B, Urba WJ, Montesarchio V, Weber JS, Wei H, Wigginton JM, Ascierto PA. The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer perspective on regulation of interleukin-6 signaling in COVID-19-related systemic inflammatory response. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:e000930. [PMID: 32385146 PMCID: PMC7211108 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has placed an unprecedented burden on healthcare systems around the world. In patients who experience severe disease, acute respiratory distress is often accompanied by a pathological immune reaction, sometimes referred to as 'cytokine storm'. One hallmark feature of the profound inflammatory state seen in patients with COVID-19 who succumb to pneumonia and hypoxia is marked elevation of serum cytokines, especially interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 17 (IL-17), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Initial experience from the outbreaks in Italy, China and the USA has anecdotally demonstrated improved outcomes for critically ill patients with COVID-19 with the administration of cytokine-modulatory therapies, especially anti-IL-6 agents. Although ongoing trials are investigating anti-IL-6 therapies, access to these therapies is a concern, especially as the numbers of cases worldwide continue to climb. An immunology-informed approach may help identify alternative agents to modulate the pathological inflammation seen in patients with COVID-19. Drawing on extensive experience administering these and other immune-modulating therapies, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer offers this perspective on potential alternatives to anti-IL-6 that may also warrant consideration for management of the systemic inflammatory response and pulmonary compromise that can be seen in patients with severe COVID-19.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- COVID-19
- Coronavirus Infections/complications
- Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Coronavirus Infections/pathology
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/complications
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/drug therapy
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/pathology
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Inflammation/complications
- Inflammation/drug therapy
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Interferon-gamma/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-17/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-23/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/immunology
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Janus Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/therapy
- Pandemics
- Pneumonia, Viral/complications
- Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy
- Pneumonia, Viral/immunology
- Pneumonia, Viral/pathology
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/complications
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/drug therapy
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/immunology
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/pathology
- STAT Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/pathology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Societies, Medical
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven J O'Day
- John Wayne Cancer Institute and Cancer Clinic, Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, California, United States
- Providence Los Angeles Metro Hospitals, Santa Monica, California, United States
| | - Charles G Drake
- Herbert Irving Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bernard A Fox
- Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Bingqing Fu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Walter J Urba
- Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey S Weber
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Haiming Wei
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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10
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Yang T, Wang R, Zhang J, Bao C, Zhang J, Li R, Chen X, Wu S, Wen J, Wei S, Li H, Cai H, Yang X, Zhao Y. Mechanism of berberine in treating Helicobacter pylori induced chronic atrophic gastritis through IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis suppressing. Life Sci 2020; 248:117456. [PMID: 32097666 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, we will investigate the therapeutic effects of berberine (BBR) in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Furthermore, potential mechanisms of BBR in regulating IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis will also be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS H. pylori were utilized to establish CAG model of rats. Therapeutic effects of BBR on serum supernatant indices, and histopathology of stomach were analyzed in vivo. Moreover, GES-1 cells were infected by H. pylori, and intervened with BBR in vitro. Cell viability, morphology, proliferation, and quantitative analysis were detected by high-content screening (HCS) imaging assay. To further investigate the potential mechanisms of BBR, relative mRNA, immunohistochemistry and protein expression in IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis were measured. KEY FINDINGS Results showed serum supernatant indices including IL-17, CXCL1, and CXCL9 were downregulated by BBR intervention, while, G-17 increased significantly. Histological injuries of gastric mucosa induced by H. pylori also were alleviated. Moreover, cell viability and morphology changes of GES-1 cells were improved by BBR intervention. In addition, proinflammatory genes and IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis related genes, including Ifit3, Upp1, USP18, Nlrc5, were suppressed by BBR administration in vitro and in vivo. The proteins expression related to IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis, including Ifit3, IRF1 and Ifit1 were downregulated by BBR intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37, 12 Bridge Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Chunmei Bao
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Juling Zhang
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Xing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Shihua Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Huadan Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, No 152 Daqiang East Street, Taisheng South Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China.
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China.
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11
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Sadeghalvad M, Mohammadi-Motlagh HR, Karaji AG, Mostafaie A. In vivo anti-inflammatory efficacy of the combined Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor and genistein isoflavone, two biological compounds from soybean. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22406. [PMID: 31593353 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Soybean Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor (BBI) and genistein, two biological compounds from soybean, are well-known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. The aim of this study was designing a BBI-genistein conjugate and then investigating its protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in BALB/c mice, compared with the effects of combination of BBI and genistein. BBI was purified from soybean and the BBI-genistein conjugate was synthesized. The BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally treated 2 hours before LPS induction. Our results showed that treatment with the combination of BBI and genistein greatly led to more reduced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ compared with the treatments of BBI alone, the BBI-genistein conjugate, and genistein alone, respectively. Moreover, the expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the splenocytes was significantly downregulated along with improving host survival against the LPS-induced lethal endotoxemia in the same way. Our data support a new combined therapy using BBI and genistein, as natural anti-inflammatory agents, to develop a new drug for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sadeghalvad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Ali Gorgin Karaji
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Mostafaie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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12
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Liu B, Bao L, Wang L, Li F, Wen M, Li H, Deng W, Zhang X, Cao B. Anti-IFN-γ therapy alleviates acute lung injury induced by severe influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 infection in mice. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2019; 54:396-403. [PMID: 31780358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Severe infection with influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus is characterized by acute lung injury. The limited efficacy of anti-viral drugs indicates an urgent need for additional therapies. We have previously reported that neutralization of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) could significantly rescue the thymic atrophy induced by severe influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 infection in BALB/c mice. A deeper investigation was conducted into the influence of neutralizing IFN-γ to the BALB/c mice weight, survival rate, and lung injury. METHODS The BALB/c mice was infected with severe influenza A (H1N1)pdm09. Monoclonal antibodies against IFN-γ were injected into the abdominal cavities of the mice. After neutralization of IFN-γ occurred in mice infected by severe ∖ influenza A (H1N1)pdm09, observing the influence of neutralizing IFN-γ to the BALB/c mice weight, survival rate, lung injury. RESULT Our results here showed that anti-IFN-γ therapy alleviated the acute lung injury in this mouse model. Neutralization of IFN-γ led to a significant reduction in the lung microvascular leak and the cellular infiltrate in the lung tissue, and also improved the outcome in mice mortality. Several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1α, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the chemokines including G-CSF, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in serum samples were found to be significantly reduced after anti-IFN-γ treatment. CONCLUSION These results suggested that IFN-γ plays an important role in acute lung injury induced by severe influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 infection, and monoclonal antibodies against IFN-γ could be useful as a potential therapeutic remedy for future influenza pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Linzi District People's Hospital, Huangong Road, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Linzi District People's Hospital, Huangong Road, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology, Huangong Road, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China; Linzi District People's Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Huangong Road, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - LinLin Bao
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Linzi District People's Hospital, Huangong Road, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China; Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology, Huangong Road, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China; Linzi District People's Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Huangong Road, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fengdi Li
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjie Wen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China; Clinical Center for Pulmonary Infections, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, Beijing, China
| | - Xulong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China; Clinical Center for Pulmonary Infections, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
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13
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Mohd Faudzi SM, Abdullah MA, Abdull Manap MR, Ismail AZ, Rullah K, Mohd Aluwi MFF, Mazila Ramli AN, Abas F, Lajis NH. Inhibition of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E 2 production by pyrrolylated-chalcones: Synthesis, biological activity, crystal structure analysis, and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103376. [PMID: 31677861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In search of potent anti-inflammatory agents, twenty-four chalcone derivatives including seven new compounds (13 - 17, 21 and 23) containing pyrrole moiety were designed, synthesized, and assessed for their nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) suppression ability on IFN-γ/LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Results showed that none of the synthesized compounds were PAINS-associated molecules, with 3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-prop-2-en-1-one (compound 16) exhibiting remarkable inhibition activity towards PGE2 and NO production with IC50 values of 0.5 ± 1.5 µM and 12.1 ± 1.5 µM, respectively. Physicochemical and ADMET studies showed that majority of the compounds obey to Lipinski's rule of five (RO5) having high blood brain barrier (BBB) penetration, human intestinal absorption (HIA), P- glycoprotein (PgP) inhibition and plasma binding protein (PPB) inhibition. The obtained atomic coordinates for the single-crystal XRD of 16 were then applied in a molecular docking simulation, and compound 16 was found to participate in a number of important binding interactions in the binding sites of ERK and mPGES-1. Based on these results, we have observed the potential of compound 16 as a new hit anti-inflammatory agent, and these findings could serve as a basis for further studies on its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Maryam Aisyah Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rashidi Abdull Manap
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaidi Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Rullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kuliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Aizi Nor Mazila Ramli
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nordin H Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Abstract
Emapalumab-Izsg (hereafter referred to as emapalumab) [Gamifant®] is a monoclonal antibody directed against interferon gamma that is available as an intravenous infusion. Emapalumab is being developed by Novimmune and Swedish Orphan Biovitrum for the treatment of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). In November 2018, emapalumab received its first global approval in the USA, for the treatment of paediatric (newborn and older) and adult patients with primary HLH, who have refractory, recurrent or progressive disease or intolerance to conventional HLH therapy. Emapalumab is under regulatory review in the EU for the treatment of primary HLH. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of emapalumab leading to this first global approval for HLH in the USA.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Drug Approval
- Female
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Infusions, Intravenous
- Interferon-gamma/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/drug therapy
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/immunology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaina T Al-Salama
- Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
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15
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Li P, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Dang W, Li L, Du X, Zhang M, Wu C, Xue Q, Liu X, Zheng H, Nan Y. The Nucleoprotein and Phosphoprotein of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Inhibit Interferons Signaling by Blocking the JAK-STAT Pathway. Viruses 2019; 11:v11070629. [PMID: 31288481 PMCID: PMC6669484 DOI: 10.3390/v11070629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is associated with global peste des petits ruminants resulting in severe economic loss. Peste des petits ruminants virus dampens host interferon-based signaling pathways through multiple mechanisms. Previous studies deciphered the role of V and C in abrogating IFN-β production. Moreover, V protein directly interacted with signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT2 resulting in the impairment of host IFN responses. In our present study, PPRV infection inhibited both IFN-β- and IFN-γ-induced activation of IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) and IFN-γ-activated site (GAS) element, respectively. Both N and P proteins, functioning as novel IFN response antagonists, markedly suppressed IFN-β-induced ISRE and IFN-γ-induced GAS promoter activation to impair downstream upregulation of various interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and prevent STAT1 nuclear translocation. Specifically, P protein interacted with STAT1 and subsequently inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation, whereas N protein neither interacted with STAT1 nor inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation as well as dimerization, suggesting that the N and P protein antagonistic effects were different. Though they differed in their relationship to STAT1, both proteins blocked JAK-STAT signaling, severely negating the host antiviral immune response. Our study revealed a new mechanism employed by PPRV to evade host innate immune response, providing a platform to study the interaction of paramyxoviruses and host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Xiangle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Wen Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Linlin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Xiaoli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Miaotao Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qinghong Xue
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing100081, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China.
| | - Yuchen Nan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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16
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Fox BA, Guevara RB, Rommereim LM, Falla A, Bellini V, Pètre G, Rak C, Cantillana V, Dubremetz JF, Cesbron-Delauw MF, Taylor GA, Mercier C, Bzik DJ. Toxoplasma gondii Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane-Associated Dense Granule Proteins Orchestrate Chronic Infection and GRA12 Underpins Resistance to Host Gamma Interferon. mBio 2019; 10:e00589-19. [PMID: 31266861 PMCID: PMC6606796 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00589-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii evades host immunity to establish a chronic infection. Here, we assessed the role of parasitophorous vacuole (PV) membrane (PVM)- and intravacuolar network (IVN) membrane-localized dense granule (GRA) proteins in the development of acute and chronic Toxoplasma infection. Deletion of PVM-associated GRA3, GRA7, GRA8, and GRA14 or IVN membrane-associated GRA2, GRA9, and GRA12 in the low-virulence type II Prugniaud (Pru) strain induced severe defects in the development of chronic-stage cysts in vivo without affecting the parasite growth rate or the ability to differentiate into cysts in vitro Acute virulence of the PruΔgra2, PruΔgra3, and PruΔgra4 mutants was reduced but not abolished. In contrast, the PruΔgra12 mutant was avirulent in mice and PruΔgra12 parasites failed to establish a chronic infection. High-virulence type I strain RHΔgra12 parasites also exhibited a major defect in acute virulence. In gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-activated macrophages, type I RHΔgra12 and type II PruΔgra12 parasites resisted the coating of the PVM with host immunity-related GTPases as effectively as the parental type I RHΔku80 and type II PruΔku80 strains, respectively. Despite this resistance, Δgra12 PVs ultimately succumbed to IFN-γ-activated host cell innate immunity. Our findings uncover a key role for GRA12 in mediating resistance to host IFN-γ and reveal that many other IVN membrane-associated GRA proteins, as well as PVM-localized GRA proteins, play important roles in establishing chronic infection.IMPORTANCEToxoplasma gondii cysts reactivate during immune deficiency and cause fatal encephalitis. Parasite molecules that coordinate the development of acute and chronic infection are poorly characterized. Here, we show that many intravacuolar network membrane and parasitophorous vacuole membrane-associated dense granule (GRA) proteins orchestrate the development of chronic cysts in vivo A subset of these GRA proteins also modulate acute virulence, and one protein that associates with the intravacuolar network membranes, namely GRA12, was identified as a major virulence factor required for parasite resistance to host gamma interferon (IFN-γ). Our results revealed that many parasitophorous vacuole membrane and intravacuolar network membrane-associated GRA proteins are essential for successful chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Fox
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Rebekah B Guevara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Leah M Rommereim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Alejandra Falla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Valeria Bellini
- Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité-Informatique, Mathématiques, Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Graciane Pètre
- Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité-Informatique, Mathématiques, Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Camille Rak
- Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité-Informatique, Mathématiques, Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Viviana Cantillana
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jean-François Dubremetz
- Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5235, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-France Cesbron-Delauw
- Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité-Informatique, Mathématiques, Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Corinne Mercier
- Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité-Informatique, Mathématiques, Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5525, Grenoble, France
| | - David J Bzik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
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17
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Hassounah NB, Malladi VS, Huang Y, Freeman SS, Beauchamp EM, Koyama S, Souders N, Martin S, Dranoff G, Wong KK, Pedamallu CS, Hammerman PS, Akbay EA. Identification and characterization of an alternative cancer-derived PD-L1 splice variant. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:407-420. [PMID: 30564890 PMCID: PMC6428600 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is recognized as an effective treatment for numerous cancer types. However, only a subset of patients respond to this treatment, warranting a greater understanding of the biological mechanisms driving immune evasion via PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and other T-cell suppressive pathways. We previously identified a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with human papillomavirus integration in the PD-L1 locus upstream of the transmembrane domain-encoding region, suggesting expression of a truncated form of PD-L1 (Parfenov et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111(43):15544-15549, 2014). In this study, we extended this observation by performing a computational analysis of 33 other cancer types as well as human cancer cell lines, and identified additional PD-L1 isoforms with an exon 4 enrichment expressed in 20 cancers and human cancer cell lines. We demonstrate that cancer cell lines with high expression levels of exon 4-enriched PD-L1 generate a secreted form of PD-L1. Further biochemical studies of exon 4-enriched PD-L1 demonstrated that this form is secreted and maintains the capacity to bind PD-1 as well as to serve as a negative regulator on T cell function, as measured by inhibition of IL-2 and IFNg secretion. Overall, we have demonstrated that truncated forms of PD-L1 exist in numerous cancer types, and have validated that truncated PD-L1 can be secreted and negatively regulate T cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia B Hassounah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Venkat S Malladi
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Samuel S Freeman
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ellen M Beauchamp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shohei Koyama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas Souders
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sunil Martin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Glenn Dranoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Vaccine Center, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer, Boston, MA, USA
- Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chandra S Pedamallu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter S Hammerman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Esra A Akbay
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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18
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Abstract
To investigate the potential role of interleukin-18 (IL-18) in immunomodulation during tumorigenesis of esophageal carcinoma and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, we employed IL-18 knockout mice for this purpose. Carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) was administrated in drinking water to induce occurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). T cell activation as indicated by the surface CD molecules was analyzed with flow cytometry. The serous content of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) along with other cytokines was determined by inflammatory human cytokine cytometric bead array. The cytotoxicity assay was performed by co-culture of tumor cells with immune cells and relative cell viability was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Apoptotic cells were stained with Annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell proliferation was measured with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Our data demonstrated that deficiency of IL-18 promoted the progression and development of 4NQO-induced ESCC. Loss of IL-18 suppressed the activation of T cells in the esophagus. Deficiency of IL-18 inhibited the IFN-γ production by CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Absence of IL-18 inhibited the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells and NK cell in vitro. Moreover, deficiency of IL-18 promoted the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells and inhibited the proliferation of CD8+ T cells in vitro. Our data elucidated the immunomodulatory role of IL-18 during tumorigenesis of ESCC, whose deficiency compromised antitumor immunity and contributed to immune escape of esophageal carcinoma. Our results also indicated the therapeutic potential of exogenous IL-18 against ESCC, which warrants further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Li
- Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
- Hebei General Hospital, No. 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Gang Qiu
- Hebei General Hospital, No. 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Baoshuan Fang
- Hebei General Hospital, No. 348 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Xiaohui Dai
- Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Jianhui Cai
- Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
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19
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Singh N, Sundar S. Combined neutralization of interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha induces IL-4 production but has no direct additive impact on parasite burden in splenic cultures of human visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199817. [PMID: 29953494 PMCID: PMC6023118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune activating cytokines Interferon (IFN)-γ and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are known to activate macrophages for killing of Leishmania parasite. IFN-γ provides therapeutic potential while TNF-α has been recognized to mediate protection in visceral model of infection. In the present study we investigated whether combination of IFN-γ and TNF-α has better therapeutic strength than individually using one of these cytokines in Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) patients. We performed combined blockade of IFN-γ and TNF-α in VL splenic biopsies and demonstrated it's impact on number of viable amastigotes and cytokine production. Additionally, selective depletion of splenic cell subsets was performed to establish the cellular sources of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Treatment of splenic aspirate cells with combination of anti-IFN-γ and anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibodies for 72 hours enabled no direct additive impact of these cytokines on parasite replication and IL-10 secretion, but IL-4 production was induced. Further assessment of splenic biopsies put forward CD4+ T cells as a source of IFN-γ whereas CD14+ cells contribute towards TNF-α production. Overall our results suggest, the interplay of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ derived from CD4+T lymphocytes and TNF-α from CD14+ cells has no direct additive impact on parasite replication but induces IL-4 production. Our data does not support direct targeting of IFN-γ and TNF-α for combination therapy but targeting these cytokines as an adjuvant in patients with exaggerated tissue inflammatory responses can have favourable patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
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20
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Yang JH, Lee E, Lee B, Cho WK, Ma JY, Park KI. Ethanolic Extracts of Artemisia apiacea Hance Improved Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions In Vivo and Suppressed TNF-Alpha/IFN-Gamma⁻Induced Proinflammatory Chemokine Production In Vitro. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070806. [PMID: 29932162 PMCID: PMC6073925 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia apiacea Hance is a traditional herbal medicine used for treating eczema and jaundice in Eastern Asia including China, Korea, and Japan. However, the biological and pharmacological actions of Artemisia apiacea Hance in atopic dermatitis (AD) are not fully understood. An ethanolic extract of Artemisia apiacea Hance (EAH) was tested in vitro and in vivo to investigate its anti-inflammatory activity and anti-atopic dermatitis effects. The results showed that EAH dose-dependence inhibited production of regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC). EAH inhibited the activation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and STAT-1 and suppressed the degradation of inhibited both nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-alpha (IκB-α) in TNF-α/IFN-γ–stimulated HaCaT cells. EAH also suppressed the translocation of inflammation transcription factors such as NF-κB p65 in TNF-α/IFN-γ–stimulated HaCaT cells. In addition, EAH reduced 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced ear thickness and dorsal skin thickness in a dose-dependent manner. EAH appeared to regulate chemokine formation by inhibiting activation of and ERK as well as the NK-κB pathways. Furthermore, EAH significantly improved the skin p38 conditions in a DNCB-induced AD-like mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Esther Lee
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - BoHyoung Lee
- ViroMed Co., Ltd., Seoul National University 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
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21
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Uehara M, Solhjou Z, Banouni N, Kasinath V, Xiaqun Y, Dai L, Yilmam O, Yilmaz M, Ichimura T, Fiorina P, Martins PN, Ohori S, Guleria I, Maarouf OH, Tullius SG, McGrath MM, Abdi R. Ischemia augments alloimmune injury through IL-6-driven CD4 + alloreactivity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2461. [PMID: 29410442 PMCID: PMC5802749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20858-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injuries (IRI) are unavoidable in solid organ transplantation. IRI augments alloimmunity but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Herein, we examined the effect of IRI on antigen specific alloimmunity. We demonstrate that ischemia promotes alloimmune activation, leading to more severe histological features of rejection, and increased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell graft infiltration, with a predominantly CD8+ IFNγ+ infiltrate. This process is dependent on the presence of alloreactive CD4+ T cells, where depletion prevented infiltration of ischemic grafts by CD8+ IFNγ+ T cells. IL-6 is a known driver of ischemia-induced rejection. Herein, depletion of donor antigen-presenting cells reduced ischemia-induced CD8+ IFNγ+ allograft infiltration, and improved allograft outcomes. Following prolonged ischemia, accelerated rejection was observed despite treatment with CTLA4Ig, indicating that T cell costimulatory blockade failed to overcome the immune activating effect of IRI. However, despite severe ischemic injury, treatment with anti-IL-6 and CTLA4Ig blocked IRI-induced alloimmune injury and markedly improved allograft survival. We describe a novel pathway where IRI activates innate immunity, leading to upregulation of antigen specific alloimmunity, resulting in chronic allograft injury. Based on these findings, we describe a clinically relevant treatment strategy to overcome the deleterious effect of IRI, and provide superior long-term allograft outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Uehara
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhabiz Solhjou
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naima Banouni
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ye Xiaqun
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Dai
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Osman Yilmam
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mine Yilmaz
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takaharu Ichimura
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo N Martins
- Division of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shunsuke Ohori
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indira Guleria
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Omar H Maarouf
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefan G Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplantation Surgery Research Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martina M McGrath
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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22
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Olias P, Etheridge RD, Zhang Y, Holtzman MJ, Sibley LD. Toxoplasma Effector Recruits the Mi-2/NuRD Complex to Repress STAT1 Transcription and Block IFN-γ-Dependent Gene Expression. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 20:72-82. [PMID: 27414498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is an essential mediator of host defense against intracellular pathogens, including the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. However, prior T. gondii infection blocks IFN-γ-dependent gene transcription, despite the downstream transcriptional activator STAT1 being activated and bound to cognate nuclear promoters. We identify the parasite effector that blocks STAT1-dependent transcription and show it is associated with recruitment of the Mi-2 nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, a chromatin-modifying repressor. This secreted effector, toxoplasma inhibitor of STAT1-dependent transcription (TgIST), translocates to the host cell nucleus, where it recruits Mi-2/NuRD to STAT1-dependent promoters, resulting in altered chromatin and blocked transcription. TgIST is conserved across strains, underlying their shared ability to block IFN-γ-dependent transcription. TgIST deletion results in increased parasite clearance in IFN-γ-activated cells and reduced mouse virulence, which is restored in IFN-γ-receptor-deficient mice. These findings demonstrate the importance of both IFN-γ responses and the ability of pathogens to counteract these defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Olias
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ronald D Etheridge
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - L David Sibley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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23
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Steiert SA, Zissler UM, Chaker AM, Esser-von-Bieren J, Dittlein D, Guerth F, Jakwerth CA, Piontek G, Zahner C, Drewe J, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Schmidt-Weber CB, Gilles S. Anti-inflammatory effects of the petasin phyto drug Ze339 are mediated by inhibition of the STAT pathway. Biofactors 2017; 43:388-399. [PMID: 28139053 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ze339, an herbal extract from Petasites hybridus leaves is effective in treatment of allergic rhinitis by inhibition of a local production of IL-8 and eicosanoid LTB4 in allergen-challenged patients. However, the mechanism of action and anti-inflammatory potential in virally induced exacerbation of the upper airways is unknown. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Ze339 on primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) upon viral, bacterial and pro-inflammatory triggers. To investigate the influence of viral and bacterial infections on the airways, HNECs were stimulated with viral mimics, bacterial toll-like-receptor (TLR)-ligands or cytokines, in presence or absence of Ze339. The study uncovers Ze339 modulated changes in pro-inflammatory mediators and decreased neutrophil chemotaxis as well as a reduction of the nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of STAT molecules. Taken together, this study suggests that phyto drug Ze339 specifically targets STAT-signalling pathways in HNECs and has high potential as a broad anti-inflammatory drug that exceeds current indication. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(3):388-399, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina A Steiert
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich M Zissler
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Adam M Chaker
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, TUM Medical School, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Esser-von-Bieren
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Dittlein
- Chair and institute of environmental medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Augsburg, Germany
- CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for allergy research and education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand Guerth
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze A Jakwerth
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Guido Piontek
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, TUM Medical School, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Chair and institute of environmental medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Augsburg, Germany
- CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for allergy research and education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Carsten B Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gilles
- Chair and institute of environmental medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Augsburg, Germany
- CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for allergy research and education, Davos, Switzerland
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24
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Gilbert KM, Blossom SJ, Erickson SW, Broadfoot B, West K, Bai S, Li J, Cooney CA. Chronic exposure to trichloroethylene increases DNA methylation of the Ifng promoter in CD4 + T cells. Toxicol Lett 2016; 260:1-7. [PMID: 27553676 PMCID: PMC5065104 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells in female MRL+/+ mice exposed to solvent and water pollutant trichloroethylene (TCE) skew toward effector/memory CD4+ T cells, and demonstrate seemingly non-monotonic alterations in IFN-γ production. In the current study we examined the mechanism for this immunotoxicity using effector/memory and naïve CD4+ T cells isolated every 6 weeks during a 40 week exposure to TCE (0.5mg/ml in drinking water). A time-dependent effect of TCE exposure on both Ifng gene expression and IFN-γ protein production was observed in effector/memory CD4+ T cells, with an increase after 22 weeks of exposure and a decrease after 40 weeks of exposure. No such effect of TCE was observed in naïve CD4+ T cells. A cumulative increase in DNA methylation in the CpG sites of the promoter of the Ifng gene was observed in effector/memory, but not naïve, CD4+ T cells over time. Also unique to the Ifng promoter was an increase in methylation variance in effector/memory compared to naïve CD4+ T cells. Taken together, the CpG sites of the Ifng promoter in effector/memory CD4+ T cells were especially sensitive to the effects of TCE exposure, which may help explain the regulatory effect of the chemical on this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Gilbert
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States.
| | - Sarah J Blossom
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States.
| | - Stephen W Erickson
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States.
| | - Brannon Broadfoot
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States.
| | - Kirk West
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States.
| | - Shasha Bai
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States.
| | - Jingyun Li
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, United States.
| | - Craig A Cooney
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
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25
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Zuber B, Rudström K, Ehrnfelt C, Ahlborg N. Epitope Mapping of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Interferon-γ Using Human-Bovine Interferon-γ Chimeras. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2016; 36:542-51. [PMID: 27336613 PMCID: PMC5011633 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2016.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to identify conformational epitopes, recognized by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) made against human (h) interferon (IFN)-γ. Based on the mAbs' (n = 12) ability to simultaneously bind hIFN-γ in ELISA, 2 epitope clusters with 5 mAbs in each were defined; 2 mAbs recognized unique epitopes. Utilizing the mAbs' lack of reactivity with bovine (b) IFN-γ, epitopes were identified using 7 h/bIFN-γ chimeras where the helical regions (A-F) or the C terminus were substituted with bIFN-γ residues. Chimeras had a N-terminal peptide tag enabling the analysis of mAb recognition of chimeras in ELISA. The 2 mAb clusters mapped to region A and E, respectively; the epitopes of several mAbs also involved additional regions. MAbs in cluster A neutralized, to various degrees, IFN-γ-mediated activation of human cells, in line with the involvement of region A in the IFN-γ receptor interaction. MAbs mapping to region E displayed a stronger neutralizing capacity although this region has not been directly implicated in the receptor interaction. The results corroborate earlier studies and provide a detailed picture of the link between the epitope specificity and neutralizing capacity of mAbs. They further demonstrate the general use of peptide-tagged chimeric proteins as a powerful and straightforward method for efficient mapping of conformational epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Niklas Ahlborg
- Mabtech, Nacka Strand, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Chen S, Bu D, Ma Y, Zhu J, Sun L, Zuo S, Ma J, Li T, Chen Z, Zheng Y, Wang X, Pan Y, Wang P, Liu Y. GYY4137 ameliorates intestinal barrier injury in a mouse model of endotoxemia. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 118:59-67. [PMID: 27553476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier injury has been reported to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of endotoxemia. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of GYY4137, a newly synthesized H2S donor, on the intestinal barrier function in the context of endotoxemia both in vitro and in vivo. Caco-2 (a widely used human colon cancer cell line in the study of intestinal epithelial barrier function) monolayers incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or TNF-α/IFN-γ and a mouse model of endotoxemia were used in this study. The results suggested that GYY4137 significantly attenuated LPS or TNF-α/IFN-γ induced increased Caco-2 monolayer permeability. The decreased expression of TJ (tight junction) proteins induced by LPS and the altered localization of TJs induced by TNF-α/IFN-γ was significantly inhibited by GYY4137; similar results were obtained in vivo. Besides, GYY4137 promoted the clinical score and histological score of mice with endotoxemia. Increased level of TNF-α/IFN-γ in the plasma and increased apoptosis in colon epithelial cells was also attenuated by GYY4137 in mice with endotoxemia. This study indicates that GYY4137 preserves the intestinal barrier function in the context of endotoxemia via multipathways and throws light on the development of potential therapeutic approaches for endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanwen Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingfang Bu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Animal Experiment Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Lie Sun
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zuo
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Ma
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengyu Li
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyang Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Youwen Zheng
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yisheng Pan
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyuan Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yucun Liu
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8 Xi ShiKu Street, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mormile
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Moscati Hospital, Via A. Gramsci, 3-81031, Aversa, Italy.
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28
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is a common and potentially distressing symptom for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with no accepted evidence-based management guidelines. Evidence suggests that biologic interventions improve symptoms and signs in RA as well as reducing joint damage. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of biologic interventions on fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following electronic databases up to 1 April 2014: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Current Controlled Trials Register, the National Research Register Archive, The UKCRN Portfolio Database, AMED, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Social Science Citation Index, Web of Science, and Dissertation Abstracts International. In addition, we checked the reference lists of articles identified for inclusion for additional studies and contacted key authors. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials if they evaluated a biologic intervention in people with rheumatoid arthritis and had self reported fatigue as an outcome measure. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers selected relevant trials, assessed methodological quality and extracted data. Where appropriate, we pooled data in meta-analyses using a random-effects model. MAIN RESULTS We identified 32 studies for inclusion in this current review. Twenty studies evaluated five anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) biologic agents (adalimumab, certolizumab, etanercept, golimumab and infliximab), and 12 studies focused on five non-anti-TNF biologic agents (abatacept, canakinumab, rituximab, tocilizumab and an anti-interferon gamma monoclonal antibody). All but two of the studies were double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trials. In some trials, patients could receive concomitant disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). These studies added either biologics or placebo to DMARDs. Investigators did not change the dose of the latter from baseline. In total, these studies included 9946 participants in the intervention groups and 4682 participants in the control groups. Overall, quality of randomised controlled trials was moderate with a low to unclear risk of bias in the reporting of the outcome of fatigue. We downgraded the quality of the studies from high to moderate because of potential reporting bias (studies included post hoc analyses favouring reporting of positive result and did not always include all randomised individuals). Some studies recruited only participants with early disease. The studies used five different instruments to assess fatigue in these studies: the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Domain (FACIT-F), Short Form-36 Vitality Domain (SF-36 VT), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (0 to 100 or 0 to 10) and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). We calculated standard mean differences for pooled data in meta-analyses. Overall treatment by biologic agents led to statistically significant reduction in fatigue with a standardised mean difference of -0.43 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.38 to -0.49). This equates to a difference of 6.45 units (95% CI 5.7 to 7.35) of FACIT-F score (range 0 to 52). Both types of biologic agents achieved a similar level of improvement: for anti-TNF agents, this stood at -0.42 (95% CI -0.35 to -0.49), equivalent to 6.3 units (95% CI 5.3 to 7.4) on the FACIT-F score; and for non-anti-TNF agents, it was -0.46 (95% CI -0.39 to -0.53), equivalent to 6.9 units (95% CI 5.85 to 7.95) on the FACIT-F score. In most studies, the double-blind period was 24 weeks or less. No study assessed long-term changes in fatigue. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Treatment with biologic interventions in patients with active RA can lead to a small to moderate improvement in fatigue. The magnitude of improvement is similar for anti-TNF and non-anti-TNF biologics. However, it is unclear whether the improvement results from a direct action of the biologics on fatigue or indirectly through reduction in inflammation, disease activity or some other mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Almeida
- University of the West of EnglandFaculty of Health & Life SciencesCourtyard Building, BRIBristolUKBS2 8HW
| | - Ernest HS Choy
- Cardiff University School of MedicineSection of Rheumatology, Division of Infection and ImmunityTenovus BuildingHeath ParkCardiffUKCF14 4XN
| | - Sarah Hewlett
- University of the West of EnglandFaculty of Health & Life SciencesCourtyard Building, BRIBristolUKBS2 8HW
| | - John R Kirwan
- University of Bristol, Bristol Royal InfirmaryRheumatology UnitThe CourtyardMarlborough StreetBristolUKBS2 8 HW
| | - Fiona Cramp
- University of the West of EnglandFaculty of Health & Life SciencesCourtyard Building, BRIBristolUKBS2 8HW
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College LondonChronic Fatigue Service, Department of Psychological MedicineWeston Education CentreCutcombe RoadLondonUKSE5 9RH
| | - Jon Pollock
- University of the West of EnglandFaculty of Health & Life SciencesCourtyard Building, BRIBristolUKBS2 8HW
| | - Robin Christensen
- Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg og FrederiksbergMusculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker InstituteNordre Fasanvej 57CopenhagenDenmarkDK‐2000
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29
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Aharoni S, Lati Y, Aviram M, Fuhrman B. Pomegranate juice polyphenols induce a phenotypic switch in macrophage polarization favoring a M2 anti-inflammatory state. Biofactors 2015; 41:44-51. [PMID: 25650983 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
It was documented that pomegranate has anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated a direct effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) and its polyphenols on macrophage inflammatory phenotype. In vitro, PJ and its major polyphenols dose-dependently attenuated macrophage response to M1 proinflammatory activation in J774.A1 macrophage-like cell line. This was evidenced by a significant decrease in TNFα and IL-6 secretion in response to stimulation by IFNγ and Lipopolysaccharide. In addition, PJ and punicalagin dose-dependently promoted the macrophages toward a M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype, as determined by a significant increase in the spontaneous secretion of IL-10. In mice, supplementation with dietary PJ substantially inhibited the M2 to M1 macrophage phenotypic shift associated with age, toward a favorable anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. This effect was also reflected in the mice atherosclerotic plaques, as evaluated by the distinct expression of arginase isoforms. PJ consumption inhibited the increment of arginase II (Arg II, M1) mRNA expression during aging, and maintained the levels of Arg I (M2) expression similar to those in young mice aorta. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that pomegranate polyphenols directly suppress macrophage inflammatory responses and promote M1 to M2 switch in macrophage phenotype. Furthermore, this study indicates that PJ consumption may inhibit the progressive proinflammatory state in the aorta along atherosclerosis development with aging, due to a switch in macrophage phenotype from proinflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saar Aharoni
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Technion Faculty of Medicine, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, and Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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30
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Ryu S, Lee Y, Hyun MY, Choi SY, Jeong KH, Park YM, Kang H, Park KY, Armstrong CA, Johnson A, Song PI, Kim BJ. Mycophenolate antagonizes IFN-γ-induced catagen-like changes via β-catenin activation in human dermal papilla cells and hair follicles. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:16800-15. [PMID: 25247578 PMCID: PMC4200814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, various immunosuppressant drugs have been shown to induce hair growth in normal hair as well as in alopecia areata and androgenic alopecia; however, the responsible mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigate the influence of mycophenolate (MPA), an immunosuppressant, on the proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and on the growth of human hair follicles following catagen induction with interferon (IFN)-γ. IFN-γ was found to reduce β-catenin, an activator of hair follicle growth, and activate glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, and enhance expression of the Wnt inhibitor DKK-1 and catagen inducer transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2. IFN-γ inhibited expression of ALP and other dermal papillar cells (DPCs) markers such as Axin2, IGF-1, and FGF 7 and 10. MPA increased β-catenin in IFN-γ-treated hDPCs leading to its nuclear accumulation via inhibition of GSK3β and reduction of DKK-1. Furthermore, MPA significantly increased expression of ALP and other DPC marker genes but inhibited expression of TGF-β2. Therefore, we demonstrate for the first time that IFN-γ induces catagen-like changes in hDPCs and in hair follicles via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and that MPA stabilizes β-catenin by inhibiting GSK3β leading to increased β-catenin target gene and DP signature gene expression, which may, in part, counteract IFN-γ-induced catagen in hDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhyo Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Yonghee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Moo Yeol Hyun
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Sun Young Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Kwan Ho Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Hoon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
| | - Cheryl A Armstrong
- Department of Dermatology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO 80204, USA.
| | - Andrew Johnson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Peter I Song
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
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Yang J, Wang X, Song S, Liu F, Fu Z, Wang Q. Near-term anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody administration protects murine liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury due to reduced numbers of CD4+ T cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106892. [PMID: 25188007 PMCID: PMC4154778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD4+ T cell is acknowledged as a key factor in the initiation phase of liver ischemia reperfusion injury. The purpose of current study is to demonstrate the effect of antecedent near-term anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody treatment on IR-induced liver injury by modulation of CD4+ T cells. Methods 70% liver warm IR was induced in male C57BL/6 mice after anti-CD25 mAb or non-specific IgG administration. Liver function, histological damage, invitro Proliferation, FACS, cytokine production, and immunofluorescence were assessed to evaluate the impact of antecedent near-term PC61 treatment on IR-induced liver injury. Results After 70% liver ischemia, mice preconditioned with PC61 displayed significantly preserved liver function as characterized by less histological damage and reduced serum enzymes level. Mechanistic studies revealed that the protection effect of anti-CD25 mAb was associated with ameliorated intrahepatic inflammatory milieu and reduced CD4+ T lymphocytes as manifested by the decrease of proinflammatory cytokine production (less expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-6) and the lower CD4/CD8 proportion. Conclusions Our results provide first line of evidence indicating that near-term treatment with anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody might provide protection for livers against IR-induced injury by reducing CD4+ T cells, but not influencing functional Treg population. Therefore, our results demonstrate a potential function of anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody which was neglected in the past, and may be helpful in various clinical conditions, particularly in liver and kidney transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiren Fu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZF); (QXW)
| | - Quanxing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZF); (QXW)
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Morandi F, Airoldi I, Pistoia V. IL-27 driven upregulation of surface HLA-E expression on monocytes inhibits IFN-γ release by autologous NK cells. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:938561. [PMID: 24741633 PMCID: PMC3987937 DOI: 10.1155/2014/938561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G and HLA-E are HLA-Ib molecules with several immunoregulatory properties. Their cell surface expression can be modulated by different cytokines. Since IL-27 and IL-30 may either stimulate or regulate immune responses, we have here tested whether these cytokines may modulate HLA-G and -E expression and function on human monocytes. Monocytes expressed gp130 and WSX-1, the two chains of IL27 receptor (R), and IL6Rα (that serves as IL-30R, in combination with gp130). However, only IL27R appeared to be functional, as witnessed by IL-27 driven STAT1/ STAT3 phosphorylation. IL-27, but not IL-30, significantly upregulated HLA-E (but not HLA-G) expression on monocytes. IFN-γ; secretion by activated NK cells was dampened when the latter cells were cocultured with IL-27 pretreated autologous monocytes. Such effect was not achieved using untreated or IL-30 pretreated monocytes, thus indicating that IL-27 driven HLA-E upregulation might be involved, possibly through the interaction of this molecule with CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptor on NK cells. In contrast, cytotoxic granules release by NK cell in response to K562 cells was unaffected in the presence of IL-27 pretreated monocytes. In conclusion, we delineated a novel immunoregulatory function of IL-27 involving HLA-E upregulation on monocytes that might in turn indirectly impair some NK cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Morandi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gaslini 1, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Irma Airoldi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gaslini 1, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gaslini 1, 16148 Genova, Italy
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Wongkajornsilp A, Wamanuttajinda V, Kasetsinsombat K, Duangsa-ard S, Sa-ngiamsuntorn K, Hongeng S, Maneechotesuwan K. Sunitinib indirectly enhanced anti-tumor cytotoxicity of cytokine-induced killer cells and CD3⁺CD56⁺ subset through the co-culturing dendritic cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78980. [PMID: 24232460 PMCID: PMC3827292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells have reached clinical trials for leukemia and solid tumors. Their anti-tumor cytotoxicity had earlier been shown to be intensified after the co-culture with dendritic cells (DCs). We observed markedly enhanced anti-tumor cytotoxicity activity of CIK cells after the co-culture with sunitinib-pretreated DCs over that of untreated DCs. This cytotoxicity was reliant upon DC modulation by sunitinib because the direct exposure of CIK cells to sunitinib had no significant effect. Sunitinib promoted Th1-inducing and pro-inflammatory phenotypes (IL-12, IFN-γ and IL-6) in DCs at the expense of Th2 inducing phenotype (IL-13) and regulatory phenotype (PD-L1, IDO). Sunitinib-treated DCs subsequently induced the upregulation of Th1 phenotypic markers (IFN-γ and T-bet) and the downregulation of the Th2 signature (GATA-3) and the Th17 marker (RORC) on the CD3⁺CD56⁺ subset of CIK cells. It concluded that sunitinib-pretreated DCs drove the CD3⁺CD56⁺ subset toward Th1 phenotype with increased anti-tumor cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adisak Wongkajornsilp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Valla Wamanuttajinda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanda Kasetsinsombat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Duangsa-ard
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khanit Sa-ngiamsuntorn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kittipong Maneechotesuwan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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He YW, Wang HS, Zeng J, Fang X, Chen HY, Du J, Yang XY. Sodium butyrate inhibits interferon-gamma induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression via STAT1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Life Sci 2013; 93:509-15. [PMID: 23942267 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibits T-cell proliferation by catalyzing the conversion of l-tryptophan to l-kynurenine. IDO-induced immune tolerance weakens the clinical outcomes of immunotherapies. Sodium butyrate (NaB), one of the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs), has potential anti-tumor effects. Our previous studies revealed that NaB could inhibit IFN-γ induced IDO expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, CNE2. In the present study, we aim to investigate to the mechanism of NaB interfering with the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-mediated IDO expression signaling transduction. MAIN METHODS IDO expression and STAT1 phosphorylation in CNE2 cells were analyzed by western blotting and STAT1 acetylation was evaluated by immunoprecipitation. STAT1 nuclear translocation and NF-κB activity were detected by transient transfection and reporter gene assay. KEY FINDINGS We found that NaB inhibited IFN-γ-induced IDO expression in CNE2 cells via decreasing phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1, but not via down-regulation of IFN-γ-receptor (IFNGR). Immunoprecipitation assays revealed that NaB increased STAT1 acetylation. Furthermore, NaB elevated the activity of NF-κB in CNE2 cells, and blocking the NF-κB activity had no effect on the IFN-γ-induced IDO expression. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that NaB inhibited IFN-γ-induced IDO expression via STAT1 increased acetylation, decreased phosphorylation, and reduced nuclear translocation. These provided new evidence for the anti-tumor action of NaB and potential drug targets to reduce the IDO-induced immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen He
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Kreutzfeldt M, Bergthaler A, Fernandez M, Brück W, Steinbach K, Vorm M, Coras R, Blümcke I, Bonilla WV, Fleige A, Forman R, Müller W, Becher B, Misgeld T, Kerschensteiner M, Pinschewer DD, Merkler D. Neuroprotective intervention by interferon-γ blockade prevents CD8+ T cell-mediated dendrite and synapse loss. J Exp Med 2013; 210:2087-103. [PMID: 23999498 PMCID: PMC3782053 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20122143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons are postmitotic and thus irreplaceable cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Accordingly, CNS inflammation with resulting neuronal damage can have devastating consequences. We investigated molecular mediators and structural consequences of CD8(+) T lymphocyte (CTL) attack on neurons in vivo. In a viral encephalitis model in mice, disease depended on CTL-derived interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and neuronal IFN-γ signaling. Downstream STAT1 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in neurons were associated with dendrite and synapse loss (deafferentation). Analogous molecular and structural alterations were also found in human Rasmussen encephalitis, a CTL-mediated human autoimmune disorder of the CNS. Importantly, therapeutic intervention by IFN-γ blocking antibody prevented neuronal deafferentation and clinical disease without reducing CTL responses or CNS infiltration. These findings identify neuronal IFN-γ signaling as a novel target for neuroprotective interventions in CTL-mediated CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Kreutzfeldt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and 2 World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Majumder J, Das MR, Deb J, Jana SS, Dastidar P. β-Amino acid and amino-alcohol conjugation of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) imparts hydrogelation displaying remarkable biostability, biocompatibility, and anti-inflammatory properties. Langmuir 2013; 29:10254-10263. [PMID: 23859562 DOI: 10.1021/la401929v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A well-known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), namely, naproxen (Np), was conjugated with β-alanine and various combinations of amino alcohols and l-alanine. Quite a few bioconjugates, thus synthesized, were capable of gelling pure water, NaCl solution (0.9 wt %), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.4). The hydrogels were characterized by rheology and electron microscopy. Hydrogelation was probed by FT-IR and temperature-variable (1)H NMR studies. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) of a nonhydrogelator and a hydrogelator in the series established a useful structure-property (gelation) correlation. MTT assay of the hydrogelators in the mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line showed excellent biocompatibility. The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) assay of the hydrogelators revealed their anti-inflammatory response, which was comparable to that of the parent NSAID naproxen sodium (Ns).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeb Majumder
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata-700032, India
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Lima LM, Santos SB, Oliveira RR, Cardoso LS, Oliveira SC, Góes AM, Loukas A, Carvalho EM, Araújo MI. Schistosoma antigens downmodulate the in vitro inflammatory response in individuals infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Neuroimmunomodulation 2013; 20:233-8. [PMID: 23752304 DOI: 10.1159/000348700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causal agent of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). While the immune response to HTLV-1 infection is polarized to the Th1-type, chronic helminth infections drive the Th2- and T regulatory-type, and are able to downregulate the inflammatory response in some autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether Schistosoma spp. antigens alter the in vitro cytokine response in HTLV-1 infection. METHODS The recombinant Schistosoma antigens Sm29 and ShTSP2 (tetraspanin) and PIII, a fraction of the Schistosoma mansoni adult worm antigen were added to peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures of HTLV-1-infected individuals and the levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-10 in the supernatants were measured using the ELISA sandwich technique. RESULTS Compared to the levels of cytokine in nonstimulated cultures, the levels of IFN-γ were reduced in 50, 47 and 50% of patients by the presence of Sm29, ShTsp2 and PIII, respectively. The downregulation of IFN-γ production in the presence of Sm29 antigen was observed mainly in subjects who had lower basal levels of this cytokine. The levels of IL-10, however, increased by the addition of the three antigens in the cultures in 74, 62 and 44% of individuals, respectively. In addition, there was a decrease in the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 levels in cultures stimulated with Sm29 and ShTSP2 when compared to nonstimulated ones. CONCLUSIONS The Schistosoma spp. antigens used in this study were able to downmodulate IFN-γ production in vitro in HTLV-1 infection. This may be associated with the increased levels of IL-10 induced by the antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Mota Lima
- Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador Bahia, Brazil
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Zhavbert ES, Dugina IL, Épshteĭn OI. [Immunotropic properties of anaferon and anaferon pediatric]. Antibiot Khimioter 2013; 58:17-23. [PMID: 24757821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anaferon and pediatric anaferon based on release-active antibodies to interferon-gamma (R-A antibodies to INF-gamma) proved to be efficient in the treatment of many viral infections. Immunomodulating (immunotropic) properties of the drugs were revealed in the preclinical studies at many Russian and foreign research medical institutions and are reviewed herein. Anaferon and pediatric anaferon stimulated the humoral and cellular immune responses and increased the neutrophil and macrophage activity. The crucial mechanism of the immunotropic action of R-A antibodies to INF-gamma was the effect on the system of interferons and in particular on INF-gamma and functionally conjugated cytokines, resulting in normalization of the functional activity of the innate factors of the immune defense and increasing of the antiviral action. The broad spectrum of the immunotropic activity provided the success of anaferon and anaferon pediatric for more than 10 years in the treatment and prophylaxis of the diseases associated with disorders in the immune system functional state.
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Rosowski EE, Saeij JPJ. Toxoplasma gondii clonal strains all inhibit STAT1 transcriptional activity but polymorphic effectors differentially modulate IFNγ induced gene expression and STAT1 phosphorylation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51448. [PMID: 23240025 PMCID: PMC3519884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Host defense against the parasite Toxoplasma gondii requires the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNγ). However, Toxoplasma inhibits the host cell transcriptional response to IFNγ, which is thought to allow the parasite to establish a chronic infection. It is not known whether all strains of Toxoplasma block IFNγ-responsive transcription equally and whether this inhibition occurs solely through the modulation of STAT1 activity or whether other transcription factors are involved. We find that strains from three North American/European clonal lineages of Toxoplasma, types I, II, and III, can differentially modulate specific aspects of IFNγ signaling through the polymorphic effector proteins ROP16 and GRA15. STAT1 tyrosine phosphorylation is activated in the absence of IFNγ by the Toxoplasma kinase ROP16, but this ROP16-activated STAT1 is not transcriptionally active. Many genes induced by STAT1 can also be controlled by other transcription factors and therefore using these genes as specific readouts to determine Toxoplasma inhibition of STAT1 activity might be inappropriate. Indeed, GRA15 and ROP16 modulate the expression of subsets of IFNγ responsive genes through activation of the NF-κB/IRF1 and STAT3/6 transcription factors, respectively. However, using a stable STAT1-specific reporter cell line we show that strains from the type I, II, and III clonal lineages equally inhibit STAT1 transcriptional activity. Furthermore, all three of the clonal lineages significantly inhibit global IFNγ induced gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Rosowski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeroen P. J. Saeij
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chen C, Guo L, Shi M, Hu M, Hu M, Yu M, Wang T, Song L, Shen B, Qian L, Guo N. Modulation of IFN-γ receptor 1 expression by AP-2α influences IFN-γ sensitivity of cancer cells. Am J Pathol 2012; 180:661-71. [PMID: 22182699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-γ plays crucial roles in regulating both innate and adaptive immunity. The existence of IFN-γ receptor 1 (IFNGR1) molecules on the cell surface is a prerequisite to the initiation of IFN-γ signaling; low expression of IFNGR1 leads to a functional blockade of IFN-γ signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms by which IFNGR1 expression is controlled are unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that IFNGR1 expression was reduced or lost in breast cancer. Heterogeneous IFNGR1 immunoreactivity appeared to be associated with the morphological heterogeneity of breast cancer, and loss of IFNGR1 expression was predominantly observed in poorly differentiated areas. We identified the functional activating protein (AP)-2 and specificity protein (SP)-1 sites within the IFNGR1 promoter. Ectopic expression of AP-2α drastically repressed the expression of IFNGR1 and hindered IFN-γ signaling, whereas AP-2α gene silencing elevated IFNGR1 levels. Overexpression of SP-1 effectively antagonized the repressive effects of AP-2α. Simultaneous recruitment of both transcription factors to the AP-2 and SP-1 motifs, respectively, in the IFNGR1 promoter was demonstrated, implying that AP-2α and SP-1 may synergistically modulate IFNGR1 transcription. Moreover, AP-2α overexpression in AP-2-deficient SW480 cells remarkably inhibited Stat1 phosphorylation and the anti-proliferative effects of IFN-γ, whereas knockdown of the AP-2α expression dramatically enhanced the sensitivities of HeLa cells highly expressing AP-2 to IFN-γ, indicating that dysregulation of AP-2α expression is associated with impaired IFN-γ actions in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changguo Chen
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Makhoul M, Bruyns C, Edimo WE, Relvas LJ, Bazewicz M, Koch P, Caspers L, Willermain F. TNFα suppresses IFNγ-induced MHC class II expression on retinal pigmented epithelial cells cultures. Acta Ophthalmol 2012; 90:e38-42. [PMID: 21957872 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE One major consequence of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell activation during autoimmune uveitis is the induction of MHC II molecules expression at their surface. IFNγ is regarded as the main cytokine involved in this induction. As TNFα plays a central role in autoimmune uveitis, we investigated its effects on IFNγ-mediated MHC II induction on RPE cells. METHODS Retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) were stimulated with IFNγ, TNFα and the anti-TNFα antibody infliximab. The expression of MHCII and ICAM-1 was analysed by flow cytometry. The activation and expression of IRF-1 and STAT-1, two proteins involved in IFNγ-signalling pathway, were analysed by WB. Class II transactivator (CIITA) expression was monitored by qRT-PCR and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS TNFα inhibits IFNγ-induced MHC II expression on ARPE cells in a dose-dependent manner. Infliximab completely reverses the inhibitory effect of TNFα. We did not observe an inhibitory effect of TNFα on the expression of ICAM-1 induced by IFNγ. Similarly, IFNγ-induced STAT1 phosphorylation and IRF1 expression were not affected by TNFα. On the contrary, we found that TNFα suppresses IFNγ-induced CIITA mRNA accumulation and protein expression. CONCLUSION TNFα inhibits IFNγ-induced MHC II expression in RPE cells. This inhibitory effect was reversed by infliximab and was not because of a global inhibition of IFNγ -mediated RPE cell activation but rather to a specific down-regulation of CIITA expression. Those findings are consistent with the role of TNFα in the resolution of inflammation and might help to elucidate the complex development of autoimmune uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Makhoul
- IRIBHM (Institute of Interdisciplinary Research), Université Libre De Bruxelles-Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.
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Gruden MA, Yanamandra K, Kucheryanu VG, Bocharova OR, Sherstnev VV, Morozova-Roche LA, Sewell RDE. Correlation between protective immunity to α-synuclein aggregates, oxidative stress and inflammation. Neuroimmunomodulation 2012; 19:334-42. [PMID: 22986484 DOI: 10.1159/000341400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Protein aggregation leading to central amyloid deposition is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). During disease progression, inflammation and oxidative stress may well invoke humoral immunity against pathological aggregates of PD-associated α-synuclein. The aim was to investigate any possible concurrence between autoimmune responses to α-synuclein monomers, oligomers or fibrils with oxidative stress and inflammation. METHODS The formation of α-synuclein amyloid species was assessed by thioflavin-T assay and atomic force microscopy was employed to confirm their morphology. Serum autoantibody titers to α-synuclein conformations were determined by ELISA. Enzyme activity and concentrations of oxidative stress/inflammatory indicators were evaluated by enzyme and ELISA protocols. RESULTS In PD patient sera, a differential increase in autoantibody titers to α-synuclein monomers, toxic oligomers or fibrils was associated with boosted levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α, but a decrease in interferon-γ concentration. In addition, levels of malondialdehyde were elevated whilst those of glutathione were reduced along with decrements in the activity of the antioxidants: superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione transferase. CONCLUSIONS It is hypothesized that the generation of α-synuclein amyloid aggregates allied with oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions may invoke humoral immunity protecting against dopaminergic neuronal death. Hence, humoral immunity is a common integrative factor throughout PD progression which is directed towards prevention of further neurodegeneration, so potential treatment strategies should attempt to maintain PD patient immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Gruden
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Xu R, Cao M, Wu X, Wang X, Ruan L, Quan X, Lü C, He W, Zhang C. Kv1.3 channels as a potential target for immunomodulation of CD4+ CD28null T cells in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Clin Immunol 2011; 142:209-17. [PMID: 22169811 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of CD4(+)CD28null T cells through K+ channels could provide potential novel targets for the treatment acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the surface phenotype and K+ channel expression of CD4(+)CD28null T cells in patients with ACS is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the surface phenotype and K+ channel expression of CD4(+)CD28null T cells in patients with ACS. We found that more than 80% of CD4(+)CD28null T cells in patients with ACS showed a CD45RA(-)CD45RO(+)CCR7- surface phenotype. CD4(+)CD28(null) T expressed small numbers of the voltage-gated Kv1.3 and intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 when quiescent, but increased Kv1.3 expression 4-fold with little change in KCa3.1 levels upon activation. Consistent with their channel phenotypes, the production of interferon-γ and perforin in CD4(+)CD28null T cells was suppressed by the specific Kv1.3 blocker 5-(4-phenoxybutoxy)psoralen PAP-1. Therefore, selective targeting of Kv1.3 in CD4(+)CD28null T cells may hold potential therapeutic promise for ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rende Xu
- Department of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Shimada K, Murayama T, Yokode M, Kita T, Fujita M, Kishimoto C. Olmesartan, a novel angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, reduces severity of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice associated with reducing superoxide production. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011; 21:672-678. [PMID: 20399087 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Some angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor antagonists have the capacity of reducing oxidative stress in addition to the hemodynamic actions. Accordingly, we assessed the hypothesis that olmesartan, a novel AT(1) receptor antagonist, reduced the severity of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient mice associated with reducing oxidative stress. METHODS AND RESULTS Atherosclerosis was induced in apo E-deficient mice fed a high fat diet. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with an injection of olmesartan (1mg/kg/day) daily over 8 weeks, and were compared with the untreated controls. Blood pressure was not changed significantly by the olmesartan treatment. Fatty streak plaque developed in apo E-deficient mice, and was suppressed in mice that received olmesartan. In addition, olmesartan reduced not only superoxide production but the overload of oxidative stress in aortic walls. There were no significant differences in serum lipid levels between olmesartan-treated and -untreated groups. In vitro study showed that both olmesartan and its active metabolite RNH-6270, an enantiomer of olmesartan, suppressed interferon-γ, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and thioredoxin (a marker of oxidative stress) concentrations in cultured cells. CONCLUSION Olmesartan may suppress atherosclerosis via reducing not only superoxide production but also the overload of oxidative stress in this animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Jang AH, Kim TH, Kim GD, Kim JE, Kim HJ, Kim SS, Jin YH, Park YS, Park CS. Rosmarinic acid attenuates 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:1271-7. [PMID: 21504802 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin diseases, and its incidence is increasing in industrialized countries. Furthermore, the epicutaneous application of a hapten, such as 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), evokes an AD-like lesion in NC/Nga mice under specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a secondary metabolite that is frequently found in herbs, and has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial effects. In this study, we studied whether RA is an effective treatment against DNFB-induced AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. RA at 1 or 5 μM was found to suppress the productions of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 significantly by activated CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, an intraperitoneal injection of RA at 10 or 50 mg/kg significantly inhibited skin lesion development and ear thickness and total serum IgE level increases in DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice. In addition, intraperitoneal administered RA at 10 or 50 mg/kg significantly inhibited the infiltrations of CD4(+) T, CD8(+) T, and mast cells into DNFB-induced skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. This study suggests that RA suppresses the development of AD-like dermatitis in DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice by reducing IFN-γ and IL-4 production by activated T cells and total serum IgE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Hee Jang
- Department of Microbiology (BK21), School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
CONTEXT Naringin is a bioflavonoid derivative and is predominantly found in Citrus paradisi Macf., Citrus sinensis (Linn.) Osbeck, Citrus unshiu Marc., Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Nobilis, Citrus tachibana (Makino) Tanaka, Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka (Rutaceae), and related citrus species. It has anti-inflammatory effects that have been well-documented, but the mechanism is poorly characterized. OBJECTIVE The effect of naringin on production of RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted) in human HaCaT cells was investigated here for the first time. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HaCaT cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and the proliferation of cell was determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The cells were divided into three groups including control group, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-stimulated group, and naringin pretreatment group (first incubated in the presence of naringin and then exposed to TNF-α/IFN-γ). The concentration of RANTES in the supernatants was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of RANTES mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) P65 protein was detected with immunocytochemical method and western blot method. RESULTS Naringin hardly inhibits HaCaT cells growth at concentrations rising from 0.25 to 1 mmol/L. However, RANTES expression detected in supernatant stimulated with TNF-α/IFN-γ reduced 15 and 16%, respectively, when cultured with 0.25, 0.5 mmol/L naringin. Furthermore, 1 mmol/L naringin significantly decreased RANTES mRNA level. Finally, naringin decreased the expression of NF-κB P65 protein in nuclei. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Naringin can inhibit the increased production of RANTES, which is partially via NF-κB-dependent signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Si-Si
- Department of Pharmacology, West-China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Bukharin OV, Perunova NB, Chaĭnikova IN, Ivanova EV, Smoliagin AI. [Anti-cytokine activity of microorganisms]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 2011:56-61. [PMID: 21913393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM Development of a method of determination of anti-cytokine activity (ACA) of microorganisms, study of the prevalence and intensity of ACA to pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS ACA was determined in 72 strains of microorganisms including members of the intestinal microflora and strains of pathogenic bacteria (salmonellae andgonococci). Study of the ability of supernatants and live cell cultures of microorganisms to induce changes in pro- (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) was performed by using co-incubation of exometabolites and live cell bacteria, fungi with recombinant cytokines. RESULTS Amethodological approach allowing the determination of ACA, the prevalence of which among studied microorganisms was 50 - 62%, was developed. A decrease of cytokine concentration in the medium was registered in co-incubation of them with supernatants (in 56% of cases) and to a lesser degree--with live cell cultures (44%) of the studied bacteria and fungi. Expression ofanti-cytokine activity was the most pronounced to TNF-alpha (Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae), IFN-gamma (N. gonorrhoeae and Salmonella enterica) and IL-10 (Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp.). CONCLUSION The data obtained expand the conception of modification of cytokine dynamic by pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, that can influence the course and outcome of an infectious process.
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Tilahun AY, Holz M, Wu TT, David CS, Rajagopalan G. Interferon gamma-dependent intestinal pathology contributes to the lethality in bacterial superantigen-induced toxic shock syndrome. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16764. [PMID: 21304813 PMCID: PMC3033413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) caused by the superantigen exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes is characterized by robust T cell activation, profound elevation in systemic levels of multiple cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), followed by multiple organ dysfunction and often death. As IFN-γ possesses pro- as well as anti-inflammatory properties, we delineated its role in the pathogenesis of TSS. Antibody-mediated in vivo neutralization of IFN-γ or targeted disruption of IFN-γ gene conferred significant protection from lethal TSS in HLA-DR3 transgenic mice. Following systemic high dose SEB challenge, whereas the HLA-DR3.IFN-γ+/+ mice became sick and succumbed to TSS, HLA-DR3.IFN-γ−/− mice appeared healthy and were significantly protected from SEB-induced lethality. SEB-induced systemic cytokine storm was significantly blunted in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ−/− transgenic mice. Serum concentrations of several cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40 and IL-17) and chemokines (KC, rantes, eotaxin and MCP-1) were significantly lower in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ−/− transgenic mice. However, SEB-induced T cell expansion in the spleens was unaffected and expansion of SEB-reactive TCR Vβ8+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was even more pronounced in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ−/− transgenic mice when compared to HLA-DR3.IFN-γ+/+ mice. A systematic histopathological examination of several vital organs revealed that both HLA-DR3.IFN-γ+/+ and HLA-DR3.IFN-γ−/− transgenic mice displayed comparable severe inflammatory changes in lungs, and liver during TSS. Remarkably, whereas the small intestines from HLA-DR3.IFN-γ+/+ transgenic mice displayed significant pathological changes during TSS, the architecture of small intestines in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ−/− transgenic mice was preserved. In concordance with these histopathological changes, the gut permeability to macromolecules was dramatically increased in HLA-DR3.IFN-γ+/+ but not HLA-DR3.IFN-γ−/− mice during TSS. Overall, IFN-γ seemed to play a lethal role in the immunopathogenesis of TSS by inflicting fatal small bowel pathology. Our study thus identifies the important role for IFN-γ in TSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashenafi Y. Tilahun
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Marah Holz
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Tsung-Teh Wu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chella S. David
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Govindarajan Rajagopalan
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Laskarin G, Redzovic A, Vlastelic I, Haller H, Medancic SS, Solinas G, Rukavina D. Tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG-72) is a natural ligand for the C-type lectin-like domain that induces anti-inflammatory orientation of early pregnancy decidual CD1a+ dendritic cells. J Reprod Immunol 2011; 88:12-23. [PMID: 21172564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72) is physiologically present in secretory phase endometrium, but its presence and possible immunological role in early normal human pregnancy decidua has not received attention. The double labeling of paraffin-embedded early pregnancy decidua sections using B-72.4 anti-TAG-72 mAb and MNF 116 anti-cytokeratin mAb revealed the absence of TAG-72 in uterine decidua of normal and pathological pregnancies (non-embryonic pregnancy and missed abortion) at the implantation sites, although it was present in epithelial cells at and away from the tubal implantation site of an ectopic pregnancy. TAG-72 binds and internalizes by reacting with the mannose receptor (MR-CD206) or with DC-specific ICAM reacting non-integrin (DC-SIGN-CD209) on decidual CD1a+ cells. Decidual CD1a+ cells stimulated with TAG-72 decreased CD83 expression and diminished IL-15 and IFN-γ intracellular production. TAG-72-treated CD1a+ cells decreased IFN-γ production in syngenic decidual and allogenic cord blood T cells even in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. TAG-72- and lipopolysaccharide-pre-treated CD1a+ cells significantly increased IL-4 expression in allogenic cord blood T cells. TAG-72 increased allogenic cord blood T cell proliferation, mediated by decidual CD1a+ cells, compared with its effect on the proliferation of syngenic decidual T cells. All these data emphasize the anti-inflammatory properties of TAG-72-treated decidual CD1a+ cells in terms of their interaction with T cells. Thus, the absence of TAG-72 at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy could lead to a mild pro-inflammatory response that may be beneficial for pregnancy success and trophoblast growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Laskarin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, Croatia.
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Roeske-Nielsen A, Dalgaard LT, Månsson JE, Buschard K. The glycolipid sulfatide protects insulin-producing cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis, a possible role in diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2010; 26:631-8. [PMID: 20886661 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Cytokine-induced apoptosis is recognised as a major cause of the decline in β-cell mass that ultimately leads to type 1 diabetes mellitus. Interleukin-1β, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α in conjunction initiate a series of events that lead to β-cell apoptosis; important among these is NO production. The glycosphingolipid sulfatide is present in β-cells in the secretory granules in varying amounts and is secreted together with insulin. We now investigate whether sulfatide is able to protect insulin-producing cells against the pro-apoptotic effect of interleukin-1β, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α. METHODS INS-1E cells and genuine rat islets were incubated for 24 h exposed to interleukin-1β, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α with or without sulfatide. The production of NO was monitored and the number of apoptotic cells was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick-End labelling and caspase-3/7 activity assays. In addition, the amount of iNOS mRNA was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Cytokine-induced apoptosis was reduced to 27% of cytokine-treated controls with 30 µmol/L sulfatide treatment (p < 0.01). Likewise, sulfatide in concentrations of 3-30 µmol/L decreased NO production in a dose-dependent manner to 19-40% of cytokine-treated controls (overall p = 0.0007). The level of iNOS mRNA after cytokine exposure was reduced to 55% of cytokine-treated controls with 30 µmol/L of sulfatide. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In the present study, we report the ability of sulfatide to significantly reduce apoptosis, cellular leakage and NO production in insulin-producing cells. Data suggest this is not due to induction of β-cell rest. Our findings indicate a possible implication for sulfatide in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roeske-Nielsen
- Bartholin Institute, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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