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Callahan V, Hawks S, Crawford MA, Lehman CW, Morrison HA, Ivester HM, Akhrymuk I, Boghdeh N, Flor R, Finkielstein CV, Allen IC, Weger-Lucarelli J, Duggal N, Hughes MA, Kehn-Hall K. The Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 Are Upregulated Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an AKT-Dependent Manner. Viruses 2021; 13:1062. [PMID: 34205098 PMCID: PMC8226769 DOI: 10.3390/v13061062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible RNA virus that is the causative agent of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients with severe COVID-19 may develop acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and require mechanical ventilation. Key features of SARS-CoV-2 induced pulmonary complications include an overexpression of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines that contribute to a 'cytokine storm.' In the current study an inflammatory state in Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells was characterized in which significantly elevated transcripts of the immunostimulatory chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were present. Additionally, an increase in gene expression of the cytokines IL-6, TNFα, and IFN-γ was observed. The transcription of CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-6, and IFN-γ was also induced in the lungs of human transgenic angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mice infected with SARS-CoV-2. To elucidate cell signaling pathways responsible for chemokine upregulation in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells, small molecule inhibitors targeting key signaling kinases were used. The induction of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 gene expression in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was markedly reduced by treatment with the AKT inhibitor GSK690693. Samples from COVID-19 positive individuals also displayed marked increases in CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 transcripts as well as transcripts in the AKT pathway. The current study elucidates potential pathway specific targets for reducing the induction of chemokines that may be contributing to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis via hyperinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Callahan
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
| | - Seth Hawks
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Matthew A. Crawford
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (M.A.C.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Caitlin W. Lehman
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Holly A. Morrison
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Hannah M. Ivester
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Ivan Akhrymuk
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Niloufar Boghdeh
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
| | - Rafaela Flor
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
| | - Carla V. Finkielstein
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Drug Discovery, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA;
| | - Irving Coy Allen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Nisha Duggal
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Molly A. Hughes
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (M.A.C.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Kylene Kehn-Hall
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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2
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Kveštak D, Juranić Lisnić V, Lisnić B, Tomac J, Golemac M, Brizić I, Indenbirken D, Cokarić Brdovčak M, Bernardini G, Krstanović F, Rožmanić C, Grundhoff A, Krmpotić A, Britt WJ, Jonjić S. NK/ILC1 cells mediate neuroinflammation and brain pathology following congenital CMV infection. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201503. [PMID: 33630019 PMCID: PMC7918636 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital human cytomegalovirus (cHCMV) infection of the brain is associated with a wide range of neurocognitive sequelae. Using infection of newborn mice with mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) as a reliable model that recapitulates many aspects of cHCMV infection, including disseminated infection, CNS infection, altered neurodevelopment, and sensorineural hearing loss, we have previously shown that mitigation of inflammation prevented alterations in cerebellar development, suggesting that host inflammatory factors are key drivers of neurodevelopmental defects. Here, we show that MCMV infection causes a dramatic increase in the expression of the microglia-derived chemokines CXCL9/CXCL10, which recruit NK and ILC1 cells into the brain in a CXCR3-dependent manner. Surprisingly, brain-infiltrating innate immune cells not only were unable to control virus infection in the brain but also orchestrated pathological inflammatory responses, which lead to delays in cerebellar morphogenesis. Our results identify NK and ILC1 cells as the major mediators of immunopathology in response to virus infection in the developing CNS, which can be prevented by anti-IFN-γ antibodies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Brain/immunology
- Brain/pathology
- Brain/virology
- Chemokine CXCL10/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL10/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL9/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL9/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL9/metabolism
- Cytomegalovirus/immunology
- Cytomegalovirus/physiology
- Cytomegalovirus Infections/immunology
- Cytomegalovirus Infections/virology
- Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate/immunology
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/virology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microglia/immunology
- Microglia/metabolism
- Microglia/virology
- Receptors, CXCR3/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR3/immunology
- Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Kveštak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vanda Juranić Lisnić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Berislav Lisnić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jelena Tomac
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mijo Golemac
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ilija Brizić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Daniela Indenbirken
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Fran Krstanović
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Carmen Rožmanić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Adam Grundhoff
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Krmpotić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - William J. Britt
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Stipan Jonjić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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3
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Allred MG, Chimenti MS, Ciecko AE, Chen YG, Lieberman SM. Characterization of Type I Interferon-Associated Chemokines and Cytokines in Lacrimal Glands of Nonobese Diabetic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073767. [PMID: 33916486 PMCID: PMC8038628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) are required for spontaneous lacrimal gland inflammation in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of Sjögren’s disease, but the consequences of type I IFN signaling are not well-defined. Here, we use RNA sequencing to define cytokine and chemokine genes upregulated in lacrimal glands of NOD mice in a type I IFN-dependent manner. Interleukin (IL)-21 was the highest differentially expressed cytokine gene, and Il21 knockout NOD mice were relatively protected from lacrimal gland inflammation. We defined a set of chemokines upregulated early in disease including Cxcl9 and Cxcl10, which share a receptor, CXCR3. CXCR3+ T cells were enriched in lacrimal glands with a dominant proportion of CXCR3+ regulatory T cells. Together these data define the early cytokine and chemokine signals associated with type I IFN-signaling in the development of lacrimal gland inflammation in NOD mice providing insight into the role of type I IFN in autoimmunity development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merri-Grace Allred
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Michael S. Chimenti
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Ashley E. Ciecko
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (A.E.C.); (Y.-G.C.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (A.E.C.); (Y.-G.C.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Scott M. Lieberman
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-319-467-5111
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4
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Caldarale F, Giacomelli M, Garrafa E, Tamassia N, Morreale A, Poli P, Timpano S, Baresi G, Zunica F, Cattalini M, Moratto D, Chiarini M, Cannizzo ES, Marchetti G, Cassatella MA, Taddio A, Tommasini A, Badolato R. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Depletion and Elevation of IFN-γ Dependent Chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:654587. [PMID: 33841438 PMCID: PMC8033149 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.654587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 occurs in the majority of children as COVID-19, without symptoms or with a paucisymptomatic respiratory syndrome, but a small proportion of children develop the systemic Multi Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C), characterized by persistent fever and systemic hyperinflammation, with some clinical features resembling Kawasaki Disease (KD). Objective With this study we aimed to shed new light on the pathogenesis of these two SARS-CoV-2-related clinical manifestations. Methods We investigated lymphocyte and dendritic cells subsets, chemokine/cytokine profiles and evaluated the neutrophil activity mediators, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), in 10 children with COVID-19 and 9 with MIS-C at the time of hospital admission. Results Patients with MIS-C showed higher plasma levels of C reactive protein (CRP), MPO, IL-6, and of the pro-inflammatory chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2 than COVID-19 children. In addition, they displayed higher levels of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, mainly induced by IFN-γ. By contrast, we detected IFN-α in plasma of children with COVID-19, but not in patients with MIS-C. This observation was consistent with the increase of ISG15 and IFIT1 mRNAs in cells of COVID-19 patients, while ISG15 and IFIT1 mRNA were detected in MIS-C at levels comparable to healthy controls. Moreover, quantification of the number of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which constitute the main source of IFN-α, showed profound depletion of this subset in MIS-C, but not in COVID-19. Conclusions Our results show a pattern of immune response which is suggestive of type I interferon activation in COVID-19 children, probably related to a recent interaction with the virus, while in MIS-C the immune response is characterized by elevation of the inflammatory cytokines/chemokines IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL8 and of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXL10, which are markers of an active Th1 type immune response. We believe that these immunological events, together with neutrophil activation, might be crucial in inducing the multisystem and cardiovascular damage observed in MIS-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Caldarale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacomelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emirena Garrafa
- Department of Molecular and translational Medicin and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessia Morreale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piercarlo Poli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silviana Timpano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Baresi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Zunica
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Cattalini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniele Moratto
- Flow Cytometry & Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarini
- Flow Cytometry & Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elvira Stefania Cannizzo
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Marchetti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Taddio
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Badolato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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5
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Abers MS, Delmonte OM, Ricotta EE, Fintzi J, Fink DL, de Jesus AAA, Zarember KA, Alehashemi S, Oikonomou V, Desai JV, Canna SW, Shakoory B, Dobbs K, Imberti L, Sottini A, Quiros-Roldan E, Castelli F, Rossi C, Brugnoni D, Biondi A, Bettini LR, D’Angio’ M, Bonfanti P, Castagnoli R, Montagna D, Licari A, Marseglia GL, Gliniewicz EF, Shaw E, Kahle DE, Rastegar AT, Stack M, Myint-Hpu K, Levinson SL, DiNubile MJ, Chertow DW, Burbelo PD, Cohen JI, Calvo KR, Tsang JS, Su HC, Gallin JI, Kuhns DB, Goldbach-Mansky R, Lionakis MS, Notarangelo LD. An immune-based biomarker signature is associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. JCI Insight 2021; 6:144455. [PMID: 33232303 PMCID: PMC7821609 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.144455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune and inflammatory responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contribute to disease severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the utility of specific immune-based biomarkers to predict clinical outcome remains elusive. Here, we analyzed levels of 66 soluble biomarkers in 175 Italian patients with COVID-19 ranging from mild/moderate to critical severity and assessed type I IFN-, type II IFN-, and NF-κB-dependent whole-blood transcriptional signatures. A broad inflammatory signature was observed, implicating activation of various immune and nonhematopoietic cell subsets. Discordance between IFN-α2a protein and IFNA2 transcript levels in blood suggests that type I IFNs during COVID-19 may be primarily produced by tissue-resident cells. Multivariable analysis of patients' first samples revealed 12 biomarkers (CCL2, IL-15, soluble ST2 [sST2], NGAL, sTNFRSF1A, ferritin, IL-6, S100A9, MMP-9, IL-2, sVEGFR1, IL-10) that when increased were independently associated with mortality. Multivariate analyses of longitudinal biomarker trajectories identified 8 of the aforementioned biomarkers (IL-15, IL-2, NGAL, CCL2, MMP-9, sTNFRSF1A, sST2, IL-10) and 2 additional biomarkers (lactoferrin, CXCL9) that were substantially associated with mortality when increased, while IL-1α was associated with mortality when decreased. Among these, sST2, sTNFRSF1A, IL-10, and IL-15 were consistently higher throughout the hospitalization in patients who died versus those who recovered, suggesting that these biomarkers may provide an early warning of eventual disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Abers
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ottavia M. Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily E. Ricotta
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Fintzi
- Biostatistics Research Branch, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Danielle L. Fink
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Adriana A. Almeida de Jesus
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kol A. Zarember
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sara Alehashemi
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vasileios Oikonomou
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jigar V. Desai
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Scott W. Canna
- Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bita Shakoory
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sottini
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Castelli
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Camillo Rossi
- Direzione Sanitaria, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy
| | - Duilio Brugnoni
- Laboratorio Analisi Chimico-Cliniche, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Department and Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network on Paediatric Cancer, European Reference Network on Haematological Diseases, and European Reference Network on Hereditary Metabolic Disorders-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Rachele Bettini
- Pediatric Department and Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network on Paediatric Cancer, European Reference Network on Haematological Diseases, and European Reference Network on Hereditary Metabolic Disorders-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Mariella D’Angio’
- Pediatric Department and Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network on Paediatric Cancer, European Reference Network on Haematological Diseases, and European Reference Network on Hereditary Metabolic Disorders-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Montagna
- Laboratory of Immunology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Emily F. Gliniewicz
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elana Shaw
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dana E. Kahle
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andre T. Rastegar
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Stack
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Myint-Hpu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel W. Chertow
- Critical Care Medicine Department, NIH Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter D. Burbelo
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey I. Cohen
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine R. Calvo
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John S. Tsang
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology and Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Center for Human Immunology, Autoimmunity, and Inflammation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Helen C. Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John I. Gallin
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Douglas B. Kuhns
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michail S. Lionakis
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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6
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Yang T, Wang R, Zhang J, Bao C, Zhang J, Li R, Chen X, Wu S, Wen J, Wei S, Li H, Cai H, Yang X, Zhao Y. Mechanism of berberine in treating Helicobacter pylori induced chronic atrophic gastritis through IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis suppressing. Life Sci 2020; 248:117456. [PMID: 32097666 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, we will investigate the therapeutic effects of berberine (BBR) in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Furthermore, potential mechanisms of BBR in regulating IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis will also be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS H. pylori were utilized to establish CAG model of rats. Therapeutic effects of BBR on serum supernatant indices, and histopathology of stomach were analyzed in vivo. Moreover, GES-1 cells were infected by H. pylori, and intervened with BBR in vitro. Cell viability, morphology, proliferation, and quantitative analysis were detected by high-content screening (HCS) imaging assay. To further investigate the potential mechanisms of BBR, relative mRNA, immunohistochemistry and protein expression in IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis were measured. KEY FINDINGS Results showed serum supernatant indices including IL-17, CXCL1, and CXCL9 were downregulated by BBR intervention, while, G-17 increased significantly. Histological injuries of gastric mucosa induced by H. pylori also were alleviated. Moreover, cell viability and morphology changes of GES-1 cells were improved by BBR intervention. In addition, proinflammatory genes and IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis related genes, including Ifit3, Upp1, USP18, Nlrc5, were suppressed by BBR administration in vitro and in vivo. The proteins expression related to IRF8-IFN-γ signaling axis, including Ifit3, IRF1 and Ifit1 were downregulated by BBR intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37, 12 Bridge Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Chunmei Bao
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Juling Zhang
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Xing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Shihua Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Huadan Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, No 152 Daqiang East Street, Taisheng South Road, Chengdu 610075, PR China.
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, PR China.
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7
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Romero JM, Grünwald B, Jang GH, Bavi PP, Jhaveri A, Masoomian M, Fischer SE, Zhang A, Denroche RE, Lungu IM, De Luca A, Bartlett JMS, Xu J, Li N, Dhaliwal S, Liang SB, Chadwick D, Vyas F, Bronsert P, Khokha R, McGaha TL, Notta F, Ohashi PS, Done SJ, O'Kane GM, Wilson JM, Knox JJ, Connor A, Wang Y, Zogopoulos G, Gallinger S. A Four-Chemokine Signature Is Associated with a T-cell-Inflamed Phenotype in Primary and Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:1997-2010. [PMID: 31964786 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The molecular drivers of antitumor immunity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are poorly understood, posing a major obstacle for the identification of patients potentially amenable for immune-checkpoint blockade or other novel strategies. Here, we explore the association of chemokine expression with effector T-cell infiltration in PDAC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Discovery cohorts comprised 113 primary resected PDAC and 107 PDAC liver metastases. Validation cohorts comprised 182 PDAC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and 92 PDACs from the Australian International Cancer Genome Consortium. We explored associations between immune cell counts by immunohistochemistry, chemokine expression, and transcriptional hallmarks of antitumor immunity by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and mutational burden by whole-genome sequencing. RESULTS Among all known human chemokines, a coregulated set of four (CCL4, CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCL10) was strongly associated with CD8+ T-cell infiltration (P < 0.001). Expression of this "4-chemokine signature" positively correlated with transcriptional metrics of T-cell activation (ZAP70, ITK, and IL2RB), cytolytic activity (GZMA and PRF1), and immunosuppression (PDL1, PD1, CTLA4, TIM3, TIGIT, LAG3, FASLG, and IDO1). Furthermore, the 4-chemokine signature marked tumors with increased T-cell activation scores (MHC I presentation, T-cell/APC costimulation) and elevated expression of innate immune sensing pathways involved in T-cell priming (STING and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways, BATF3-driven dendritic cells). Importantly, expression of this 4-chemokine signature was consistently indicative of a T-cell-inflamed phenotype across primary PDAC and PDAC liver metastases. CONCLUSIONS A conserved 4-chemokine signature marks resectable and metastatic PDAC tumors with an active antitumor phenotype. This could have implications for the appropriate selection of PDAC patients in immunotherapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan M Romero
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara Grünwald
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gun-Ho Jang
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prashant P Bavi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaditeya Jhaveri
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mehdi Masoomian
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra E Fischer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy Zhang
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert E Denroche
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilinca M Lungu
- Diagnostic Development, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela De Luca
- Diagnostic Development, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John M S Bartlett
- Diagnostic Development, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jing Xu
- Drug Development Program Biomarker Laboratory, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niandong Li
- UHN Biobank, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon Dhaliwal
- UHN Biobank, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheng-Ben Liang
- UHN Biobank, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dianne Chadwick
- UHN Biobank, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Foram Vyas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Bronsert
- Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rama Khokha
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tracy L McGaha
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faiyaz Notta
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan J Done
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grainne M O'Kane
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Wallace McCain Centre of Pancreatic Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie M Wilson
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Wallace McCain Centre of Pancreatic Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashton Connor
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yifan Wang
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Goodman Cancer Research Centre of McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - George Zogopoulos
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Goodman Cancer Research Centre of McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Wallace McCain Centre of Pancreatic Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Hepatobilliary Pancreatic Surgical Oncology Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Dangaj D, Bruand M, Grimm AJ, Ronet C, Barras D, Duttagupta PA, Lanitis E, Duraiswamy J, Tanyi JL, Benencia F, Conejo-Garcia J, Ramay HR, Montone KT, Powell DJ, Gimotty PA, Facciabene A, Jackson DG, Weber JS, Rodig SJ, Hodi SF, Kandalaft LE, Irving M, Zhang L, Foukas P, Rusakiewicz S, Delorenzi M, Coukos G. Cooperation between Constitutive and Inducible Chemokines Enables T Cell Engraftment and Immune Attack in Solid Tumors. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:885-900.e10. [PMID: 31185212 PMCID: PMC6961655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of chemokines in regulating T cell accumulation in solid tumors. CCL5 and CXCL9 overexpression was associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration in solid tumors. T cell infiltration required tumor cell-derived CCL5 and was amplified by IFN-γ-inducible, myeloid cell-secreted CXCL9. CCL5 and CXCL9 coexpression revealed immunoreactive tumors with prolonged survival and response to checkpoint blockade. Loss of CCL5 expression in human tumors was associated with epigenetic silencing through DNA methylation. Reduction of CCL5 expression caused tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) desertification, whereas forced CCL5 expression prevented Cxcl9 expression and TILs loss, and attenuated tumor growth in mice through IFN-γ. The cooperation between tumor-derived CCL5 and IFN-γ-inducible CXCR3 ligands secreted by myeloid cells is key for orchestrating T cell infiltration in immunoreactive and immunoresponsive tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CCL5/genetics
- Chemokine CCL5/immunology
- Chemokine CCL5/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL9/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL9/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL9/metabolism
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effects
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- DNA Methylation
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
- Paracrine Communication
- Receptors, CXCR3/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR3/immunology
- Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Denarda Dangaj
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Marine Bruand
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Alizée J Grimm
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Ronet
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - David Barras
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Priyanka A Duttagupta
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; University of Chicago, Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Evripidis Lanitis
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Jaikumar Duraiswamy
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, OTAT/CBER/FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Janos L Tanyi
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fabian Benencia
- Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Jose Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology and Gynecologic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Hena R Ramay
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; International Microbiome Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kathleen T Montone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel J Powell
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Phyllis A Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrea Facciabene
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey S Weber
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University, 522 First Avenue, Room 1310 Smilow Building, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stephen F Hodi
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Melita Irving
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Lin Zhang
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Periklis Foukas
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; 2nd Department of Pathology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 12464, Greece
| | - Sylvie Rusakiewicz
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland.
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9
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Futsch N, Prates G, Mahieux R, Casseb J, Dutartre H. Cytokine Networks Dysregulation during HTLV-1 Infection and Associated Diseases. Viruses 2018; 10:v10120691. [PMID: 30563084 PMCID: PMC6315340 DOI: 10.3390/v10120691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of a neural chronic inflammation, called HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and of a malignant lymphoproliferation, called the adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). The mechanisms through which the HTLV-1 induces these diseases are still unclear, but they might rely on immune alterations. HAM/TSP is associated with an impaired production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, CXCL9, or CXCL10. ATLL is associated with high levels of IL-10 and TGF-β. These immunosuppressive cytokines could promote a protumoral micro-environment. Moreover, HTLV-1 infection impairs the IFN-I production and signaling, and favors the IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 expression. This contributes both to immune escape and to infected cells proliferation. Here, we review the landscape of cytokine dysregulations induced by HTLV-1 infection and the role of these cytokines in the HTLV-1-associated diseases progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Futsch
- Équipe Oncogenèse Rétrovirale, Equipe Labellisée «FRM», CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Labex Ecofect, ENS Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Gabriela Prates
- Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiencies, Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 01246-100, Brazil.
| | - Renaud Mahieux
- Équipe Oncogenèse Rétrovirale, Equipe Labellisée «FRM», CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Labex Ecofect, ENS Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Jorge Casseb
- Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiencies, Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 01246-100, Brazil.
| | - Hélène Dutartre
- Équipe Oncogenèse Rétrovirale, Equipe Labellisée «FRM», CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Labex Ecofect, ENS Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
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10
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Tan S, Wang K, Sun F, Li Y, Gao Y. CXCL9 promotes prostate cancer progression through inhibition of cytokines from T cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1305-1310. [PMID: 29901197 PMCID: PMC6072144 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been demonstrated to serve an important role in a variety of diseases, particularly in tumor progression. There have been numerous studies that have reported that T cells serve major roles in tumor progression. However, the function of CXC motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) in prostate cancer remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of CXCL9 in prostate cancer. A prostate cancer mouse model was generated by treating C57/BL‑6 and B6.Cg‑Selplgtm1Fur/J mice with 3,2'‑dimethyl 4‑aminobiphenyl (DMAB). Hematoxylin and eosin staining detected the histopathological alterations of mouse prostate tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining determined cell proliferation of the mice. Flow cytometry was used to detect the alterations of T cells in C57+DMAB or CXCL9+DMAB mice. Immunofluorescence revealed that there was positive expression of interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β in the mouse tissues. The survival rates of C57+DMAB and CXCL9+DMAB mice was analyzed. The association of CXCL9 expression and clinical stages was also evaluated. Results revealed that prostate cancer pathology and cell proliferation in CXCL9+DMAB mice were significantly greater compared with the C57+DMAB mice. Compared with C57+DMAB mice, the number of T cells in peripheral blood and spleen of CXCL9+DMAB mice was significantly reduced. IHC demonstrated that the expression of IL‑6 and TGF‑β was significantly downregulated in the CXCL9+DMAB mice. The survival rate of CXCL9+DMAB mice was significantly decreased compared with the C57+DMAB mice. In addition, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that CXCL9 mRNA expression in clinical samples was positively associated with clinical pathological stages of prostate cancer. In conclusion, CXCL9 may promote prostate cancer progression via inhibition of cytokines from T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanfeng Tan
- Department of Urology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Urology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Fuguang Sun
- Department of Urology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yisheng Gao
- Department of Urology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
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11
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Tokunaga R, Zhang W, Naseem M, Puccini A, Berger MD, Soni S, McSkane M, Baba H, Lenz HJ. CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11/CXCR3 axis for immune activation - A target for novel cancer therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 63:40-47. [PMID: 29207310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 727] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are proteins which induce chemotaxis, promote differentiation of immune cells, and cause tissue extravasation. Given these properties, their role in anti-tumor immune response in the cancer environment is of great interest. Although immunotherapy has shown clinical benefit for some cancer patients, other patients do not respond. One of the mechanisms of resistance to checkpoint inhibitors may be chemokine signaling. The CXCL9, -10, -11/CXCR3 axis regulates immune cell migration, differentiation, and activation, leading to tumor suppression (paracrine axis). However, there are some reports that show involvements of this axis in tumor growth and metastasis (autocrine axis). Thus, a better understanding of CXCL9, -10, -11/CXCR3 axis is necessary to develop effective cancer control. In this article, we summarize recent evidence regarding CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11/CXCR3 axis in the immune system and discuss their potential role in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuma Tokunaga
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Wu Zhang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Madiha Naseem
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Alberto Puccini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Martin D Berger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Shivani Soni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Michelle McSkane
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 8608556, Japan
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States.
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12
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Shino MY, Weigt SS, Li N, Palchevskiy V, Derhovanessian A, Saggar R, Sayah DM, Huynh RH, Gregson AL, Fishbein MC, Ardehali A, Ross DJ, Lynch JP, Elashoff RM, Belperio JA. The prognostic importance of CXCR3 chemokine during organizing pneumonia on the risk of chronic lung allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180281. [PMID: 28686641 PMCID: PMC5501470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Since the pathogenesis of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) remains poorly defined with no known effective therapies, the identification and study of key events which increase CLAD risk is a critical step towards improving outcomes. We hypothesized that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) CXCR3 ligand concentrations would be augmented during organizing pneumonia (OP) and that episodes of OP with marked chemokine elevations would be associated with significantly higher CLAD risk. METHODS All transbronchial biopsies (TBBX) from patients who received lung transplantation between 2000 to 2010 were reviewed. BALF concentrations of the CXCR3 ligands (CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) were compared between episodes of OP and "healthy" biopsies using linear mixed-effects models. The association between CXCR3 ligand concentrations during OP and CLAD risk was evaluated using proportional hazards models with time-dependent covariates. RESULTS There were 1894 bronchoscopies with TBBX evaluated from 441 lung transplant recipients with 169 (9%) episodes of OP and 907 (49%) non-OP histopathologic injuries. 62 (37%) episodes of OP were observed during routine surveillance bronchoscopy. Eight hundred thirty-eight (44%) TBBXs had no histopathology and were classified as "healthy" biopsies. There were marked elevations in BALF CXCR3 ligand concentrations during OP compared with "healthy" biopsies. In multivariable models adjusted for other injury patterns, OP did not significantly increase the risk of CLAD when BAL CXCR3 chemokine concentrations were not taken into account. However, OP with elevated CXCR3 ligands markedly increased CLAD risk in a dose-response manner. An episode of OP with CXCR3 concentrations greater than the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles had HRs for CLAD of 1.5 (95% CI 1.0-2.3), 1.9 (95% CI 1.2-2.8) and 2.2 (95% CI 1.4-3.4), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies OP, a relatively uncommon histopathologic finding after lung transplantation, as a major risk factor for CLAD development when considered in the context of increased allograft expression of interferon-γ inducible ELR- CXC chemokines. We further demonstrate for the first time, the prognostic importance of BALF CXCR3 ligand concentrations during OP on subsequent CLAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y. Shino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - S. Samuel Weigt
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biomathematics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Vyacheslav Palchevskiy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ariss Derhovanessian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Rajan Saggar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - David M. Sayah
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Richard H. Huynh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Aric L. Gregson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michael C. Fishbein
- Department of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Abbas Ardehali
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - David J. Ross
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph P. Lynch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Elashoff
- Department of Biomathematics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - John A. Belperio
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biomathematics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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13
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Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a potent approach for treating aggressive cancers, such as non-small-cell lung tumors and metastatic melanoma. Clinical trials are now in progress for patients with malignant gliomas; however, a better understanding of how these tumors escape immune surveillance is required to enhance antitumor immune responses. With gliomas, the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to the tumor is impaired, in part preventing containment or elimination of the tumor. In this issue of the JCI, Kohanbash and colleagues present an elegant dissection of how gliomas exploit an enzymatic activity acquired through a common mutation to abrogate the migration of CD8+ T cells to the tumor. They show that the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), generated by mutated forms of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1 and IDH2), reduces the expression of STAT1, thereby limiting the production of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10. As a result, IDH1-mutated tumors are less effectively infiltrated by CD8+ T cells, contributing to tumor escape. Finally, in mice harboring syngeneic gliomas, an inhibitor of 2HG synthesis complemented vaccination to ameliorate tumor control. Understanding how to increase immune infiltration of gliomas represents a key first step in achieving tumor destruction through immunotherapy.
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14
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Li Z, Li L, Zhou H, Zeng L, Chen T, Chen Q, Zhou B, Wang Y, Chen Q, Hu P, Yang Z. Radix isatidis Polysaccharides Inhibit Influenza a Virus and Influenza A Virus-Induced Inflammation via Suppression of Host TLR3 Signaling In Vitro. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010116. [PMID: 28085062 PMCID: PMC6155848 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza remains one of the major epidemic diseases worldwide, and rapid virus replication and collateral lung tissue damage caused by excessive pro-inflammatory host immune cell responses lead to high mortality rates. Thus, novel therapeutic agents that control influenza A virus (IAV) propagation and attenuate excessive pro-inflammatory responses are needed. Polysaccharide extract from Radix isatidis, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, exerted potent anti-IAV activity against human seasonal influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) and avian influenza viruses (H6N2 and H9N2) in vitro. The polysaccharides also significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (IP-10, MIG, and CCL-5) stimulated by A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) at a range of doses (7.5 mg/mL, 15 mg/mL, and 30 mg/mL); however, they were only effective against progeny virus at a high dose. Similar activity was detected against inflammation induced by avian influenza virus H9N2. The polysaccharides strongly inhibited the protein expression of TLR-3 induced by PR8, suggesting that they impair the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors induced by IAV by inhibiting activation of the TLR-3 signaling pathway. The polysaccharide extract from Radix isatidis root therefore has the potential to be used as an adjunct to antiviral therapy for the treatment of IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Li Li
- The First Hospital of Yulin, Yuxi Da Dao Road, Yulin 719000, China.
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Lijuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaolian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Beixian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Yutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Qiaoyan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Traditinal Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510180, China.
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, (Guangzhou Medical University), Guangzhou 510120, China.
- Macau University of Science and Technology, AvenidaWai Long, Taipa, Macau 519020, China.
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15
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Samson M, Ly KH, Tournier B, Janikashvili N, Trad M, Ciudad M, Gautheron A, Devilliers H, Quipourt V, Maurier F, Meaux-Ruault N, Magy-Bertrand N, Manckoundia P, Ornetti P, Maillefert JF, Besancenot JF, Ferrand C, Mesturoux L, Labrousse F, Fauchais AL, Saas P, Martin L, Audia S, Bonnotte B. Involvement and prognosis value of CD8(+) T cells in giant cell arteritis. J Autoimmun 2016; 72:73-83. [PMID: 27236507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CD8(+) T cells participate in the pathogenesis of some vasculitides. However, little is known about their role in Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA). This study was conducted to investigate CD8(+) T cell involvement in the pathogenesis of GCA. Analyses were performed at diagnosis and after 3 months of glucocorticoid treatment in 34 GCA patients and 26 age-matched healthy volunteers. Percentages of CD8(+) T-cell subsets, spectratype analysis of the TCR Vβ families of CD8(+) T cells, levels of cytokines and chemokines and immunohistochemistry of temporal artery biopsies (TAB) were assessed. Among total CD8(+) T cells, percentages of circulating cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes (CTL, CD3(+)CD8(+)perforin(+)granzymeB(+)), Tc17 (CD3(+)CD8(+)IL-17(+)), CD63(+)CD8(+) T cells and levels of soluble granzymes A and B were higher in patients than in controls, whereas the percentage of Tc1 cells (CD3(+)CD8(+)IFN-γ(+)) was similar. Moreover, CD8(+) T cells displayed a restricted TCR repertoire in GCA patients. Percentages of circulating CTL, Tc17 and soluble levels of granzymes A and B decreased after treatment. CXCR3 expression on CD8(+) T cells and its serum ligands (CXCL9, -10, -11) were higher in patients. Analyses of TAB revealed high expression of CXCL9 and -10 associated with infiltration by CXCR3(+)CD8(+) T cells expressing granzyme B and TiA1. The intensity of the CD8 T-cell infiltrate in TAB was predictive of the severity of the disease. This study demonstrates the implication and the prognostic value of CD8(+) T-cells in GCA and suggests that CD8(+) T-cells are recruited within the vascular wall through an interaction between CXCR3 and its ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Samson
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Kim Heang Ly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | - Nona Janikashvili
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France
| | - Malika Trad
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France
| | - Marion Ciudad
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France
| | | | - Hervé Devilliers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Systemic Diseases, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Valérie Quipourt
- Department of Geriatric Internal Medicine, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - François Maurier
- Department of Internal Medicine, HP Metz Belle Isle Hospital, Metz, France
| | - Nadine Meaux-Ruault
- Department of Internal Medicine, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | | | - Patrick Manckoundia
- Department of Geriatric Internal Medicine, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Paul Ornetti
- Department of Rheumatology, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France; INSERM 1093, plateforme d'investigation technologique, Dijon University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Francis Maillefert
- Department of Rheumatology, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-François Besancenot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Systemic Diseases, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Ferrand
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France
| | - Laura Mesturoux
- Department of Pathology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | - Anne-Laure Fauchais
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France
| | - Laurent Martin
- Department of Pathology, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Sylvain Audia
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Bernard Bonnotte
- INSERM, UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, France; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, François Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.
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16
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Hsueh YH, Chang YN, Loh CE, Gershwin ME, Chuang YH. AAV-IL-22 modifies liver chemokine activity and ameliorates portal inflammation in murine autoimmune cholangitis. J Autoimmun 2016; 66:89-97. [PMID: 26537567 PMCID: PMC4718765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There remain significant obstacles in developing biologics to treat primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Although a number of agents have been studied both in murine models and human patients, the results have been relatively disappointing. IL-22 is a member of the IL-10 family and has multiple theoretical reasons for predicting successful usage in PBC. We have taken advantage of an IL-22 expressing adeno-associated virus (AAV-IL-22) to address the potential role of IL-22 in not only protecting mice from autoimmune cholangitis, but also in treating animals with established portal inflammation. Using our established mouse model of 2-OA-OVA immunization, including α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) stimulation, we treated mice both before and after the onset of clinical disease with AAV-IL-22. Firstly, AAV-IL-22 treatment given prior to 2-OA-OVA and α-GalCer exposure, i.e. before the onset of disease, significantly reduces the portal inflammatory response, production of Th1 cytokines and appearance of liver fibrosis. It also reduced the liver lymphotropic chemokines CCL5, CCL19, CXCL9, and CXCL10. Secondly, and more importantly, therapeutic use of AAV-IL-22, administered after the onset of disease, achieved a greater hurdle and significantly improved portal pathology. Further the improvements in inflammation were negatively correlated with levels of CCL5 and CXCL10 and positively correlated with levels of IL-22. In conclusion, we submit that the clinical use of IL-22 has a potential role in modulating the inflammatory portal process in patients with PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsin Hsueh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ning Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-En Loh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Ya-Hui Chuang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Westman J, Papareddy P, Dahlgren MW, Chakrakodi B, Norrby-Teglund A, Smeds E, Linder A, Mörgelin M, Johansson-Lindbom B, Egesten A, Herwald H. Extracellular Histones Induce Chemokine Production in Whole Blood Ex Vivo and Leukocyte Recruitment In Vivo. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005319. [PMID: 26646682 PMCID: PMC4672907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system relies to a great deal on the interaction of pattern recognition receptors with pathogen- or damage-associated molecular pattern molecules. Extracellular histones belong to the latter group and their release has been described to contribute to the induction of systemic inflammatory reactions. However, little is known about their functions in the early immune response to an invading pathogen. Here we show that extracellular histones specifically target monocytes in human blood and this evokes the mobilization of the chemotactic chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 from these cells. The chemokine induction involves the toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 2 complex on monocytes, and is under the control of interferon-γ. Consequently, subcutaneous challenge with extracellular histones results in elevated levels of CXCL10 in a murine air pouch model and an influx of leukocytes to the site of injection in a TLR4 dependent manner. When analyzing tissue biopsies from patients with necrotizing fasciitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, extracellular histone H4 and CXCL10 are immunostained in necrotic, but not healthy tissue. Collectively, these results show for the first time that extracellular histones have an important function as chemoattractants as their local release triggers the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection. The detrimental effects of extracellular histones under pathological conditions have lately attracted considerable attention. However, little is known about their functions as damage-associated molecular pattern molecules. Our study shows for the first time that extracellular histones trigger the induction of chemotactic chemokines from monocytes. As this interaction is dependent on a pattern recognition receptor, namely toll-like receptor 4, our data indeed point to an important role of extracellular histones in danger signaling. Notably, CXCL9 and CXCL10 are chemoattractants, and the recruitment of immune cells to the site of histone injection in a subcutaneous mouse model supports the concept that low levels of extracellular histones constitute a part of the host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Westman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Praveen Papareddy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Madelene W. Dahlgren
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Adaptive Immunity, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bhavya Chakrakodi
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Norrby-Teglund
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emanuel Smeds
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Adam Linder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bengt Johansson-Lindbom
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Adaptive Immunity, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Respiratory Medicine & Allergy, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
| | - Heiko Herwald
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
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18
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Reid-Yu SA, Tuinema BR, Small CN, Xing L, Coombes BK. CXCL9 contributes to antimicrobial protection of the gut during citrobacter rodentium infection independent of chemokine-receptor signaling. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004648. [PMID: 25643352 PMCID: PMC4333760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been shown to be effective bactericidal molecules against a variety of bacteria and fungi in vitro. These direct antimicrobial effects are independent of their chemotactic activities involving immunological receptors. However, the direct biological role that these proteins may play in host defense, particularly against intestinal pathogens, is poorly understood. Here, we show that CXCL9, an ELR- chemokine, exhibits direct antimicrobial activity against Citrobacter rodentium, an attaching/effacing pathogen that infects the gut mucosa. Inhibition of this antimicrobial activity in vivo using anti-CXCL9 antibodies increases host susceptibility to C. rodentium infection with pronounced bacterial penetration into crypts, increased bacterial load, and worsened tissue pathology. Using Rag1-/- mice and CXCR3-/- mice, we demonstrate that the role for CXCL9 in protecting the gut mucosa is independent of an adaptive response or its immunological receptor, CXCR3. Finally, we provide evidence that phagocytes function in tandem with NK cells for robust CXCL9 responses to C. rodentium. These findings identify a novel role for the immune cell-derived CXCL9 chemokine in directing a protective antimicrobial response in the intestinal mucosa. Host defense peptides are an essential part of the innate immune response to pathogens, particularly at mucosal surfaces. Some chemokines, previously known for their ability to recruit immune cells to a site of inflammation, have been identified to have direct antimicrobial activity in vitro against a variety of pathogens. Despite this, it was unknown whether chemokines play a role in protecting the gut mucosa against enteric pathogens, independent of their immunological receptors. Using a mouse model of enteric pathogen infection with both wild type mice and genetic knockouts, we showed that the chemokine CXCL9 has direct antimicrobial activity against pathogen infection. This antimicrobial activity prevented the invasion of bacteria into intestinal crypts, thus protecting the host from immunopathology. Neutralization of this CXCL9-dependent antimicrobial activity increased host susceptibility to infection, leading to bacterial penetration into intestinal crypts and increased tissue pathology. These data support the importance of a receptor-independent role for chemokines in host defense at mucosal surfaces and may offer alternative treatment strategies for infections, particularly in regards to organisms that are resistant to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Reid-Yu
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian R. Tuinema
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cherrie N. Small
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lydia Xing
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian K. Coombes
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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19
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Tulip FS, Eteshola E, Desai S, Mostafa S, Roopa S, Evans B, Islam SK. Direct label-free electrical immunodetection of transplant rejection protein biomarker in physiological buffer using floating gate AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2014; 13:138-45. [PMID: 24803243 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2014.2318234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Monokine induced by interferon gamma (MIG/CXCL9) is used as an immune biomarker for early monitoring of transplant or allograft rejection. This paper demonstrates a direct electrical, label-free detection method of recombinant human MIG with anti-MIG IgG molecules in physiologically relevant buffer environment. The sensor platform used is a biologically modified GaN-based high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) device. Biomolecular recognition capability was provided by using high affinity anti-MIG monoclonal antibody to form molecular affinity interface receptors on short N-hydroxysuccinimide-ester functionalized disulphide (DSP) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on the gold sensing gate of the HEMT device. A floating gate configuration has been adopted to eliminate the influences of external gate voltage. Preliminary test results with the proposed chemically treated GaN HEMT biosensor show that MIG can be detected for a wide range of concentration varying from 5 ng/mL to 500 ng/mL.
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20
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Ramirez IA, Caverly LL, Kalikin LM, Goldsmith AM, Lewis TC, Burke DT, LiPuma JJ, Sajjan US, Hershenson MB. Differential responses to rhinovirus- and influenza-associated pulmonary exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 11:554-61. [PMID: 24641803 PMCID: PMC4225796 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201310-346oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The mechanism by which viruses cause exacerbations of chronic airway disease and the capacity of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) to respond to viral infection are not precisely known. OBJECTIVES To determine the antiviral response to infection in patients with CF. METHODS Sputum was collected from patients with CF with respiratory exacerbation. Viruses were detected in multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays. Gene expression of 84 antiviral response genes was measured, using a focused quantitative PCR gene array. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We examined 36 samples from 23 patients with respiratory exacerbation. Fourteen samples tested virus-positive and 22 virus-negative. When we compared exacerbations associated with rhinovirus (RV, n = 9) and influenza (n = 5) with virus-negative specimens, we found distinct patterns of antiviral gene expression. RV was associated with greater than twofold induction of five genes, including those encoding the monocyte-attracting chemokines CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL9. Influenza was associated with overexpression of 20 genes, including those encoding the cytokines tumor necrosis factor and IL-12; the kinases MEK, TBK-1, and STAT-1; the apoptosis proteins caspase-8 and caspase-10; the influenza double-stranded RNA receptor RIG-I and its downstream effector MAVS; and pyrin, an IFN-stimulated protein involved in influenza resistance. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that virus-induced exacerbations of CF are associated with immune responses tailored to specific infections. Influenza induced a more potent response consisting of inflammation, whereas RV infection had a pronounced effect on chemokine expression. As far as we are aware, this study is the first to compare specific responses to different viruses in live patients with chronic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marc B. Hershenson
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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21
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Guglani L, Gopal R, Rangel-Moreno J, Junecko BF, Lin Y, Berger T, Mak TW, Alcorn JF, Randall TD, Reinhart TA, Chan YR, Khader SA. Lipocalin 2 regulates inflammation during pulmonary mycobacterial infections. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23185529 PMCID: PMC3502292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), caused by the intracellular bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a worldwide disease that continues to kill more than 1.5 million people every year worldwide. The accumulation of lymphocytes mediates the formation of the tubercle granuloma in the lung and is crucial for host protection against M.tuberculosis infection. However, paradoxically the tubercle granuloma is also the basis for the immunopathology associated with the disease and very little is known about the regulatory mechanisms that constrain the inflammation associated with the granulomas. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is a member of the lipocalin family of proteins and binds to bacterial siderophores thereby sequestering iron required for bacterial growth. Thus far, it is not known whether Lcn2 plays a role in the inflammatory response to mycobacterial pulmonary infections. In the present study, using models of acute and chronic mycobacterial pulmonary infections, we reveal a novel role for Lcn2 in constraining T cell lymphocytic accumulation and inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory chemokines, such as CXCL9. In contrast, Lcn2 promotes neutrophil recruitment during mycobacterial pulmonary infection, by inducing G-CSF and KC in alveolar macrophages. Importantly, despite a common role for Lcn2 in regulating chemokines during mycobacterial pulmonary infections, Lcn2 deficient mice are more susceptible to acute M.bovis BCG, but not low dose M.tuberculosis pulmonary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Guglani
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Radha Gopal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Beth Fallert Junecko
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yinyao Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thorsten Berger
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research and the Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tak W. Mak
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research and the Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - John F. Alcorn
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Troy D. Randall
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Todd A. Reinhart
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yvonne R. Chan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shabaana A. Khader
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Casal P, Wen X, Gupta S, Nicholson T, Wang Y, Theiss A, Bhushan B, Brillson L, Lu W, Lee SC. ImmunoFET feasibility in physiological salt environments. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2012; 370:2474-2488. [PMID: 22509067 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Field-effect transistors (FETs) are solid-state electrical devices featuring current sources, current drains and semiconductor channels through which charge carriers migrate. FETs can be inexpensive, detect analyte without label, exhibit exponential responses to surface potential changes mediated by analyte binding, require limited sample preparation and operate in real time. ImmunoFETs for protein sensing deploy bioaffinity elements on their channels (antibodies), analyte binding to which modulates immunoFET electrical properties. Historically, immunoFETs were assessed infeasible owing to ion shielding in physiological environments. We demonstrate reliable immunoFET sensing of chemokines by relatively ion-impermeable III-nitride immunoHFETs (heterojunction FETs) in physiological buffers. Data show that the specificity of detection follows the specificity of the antibodies used as receptors, allowing us to discriminate between individual highly related protein species (human and murine CXCL9) as well as mixed samples of analytes (native and biotinylated CXCL9). These capabilities demonstrate that immunoHFETs can be feasible, contrary to classical FET-sensing assessment. FET protein sensors may lead to point-of-care diagnostics that are faster and cheaper than immunoassay in clinical, biotechnological and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Casal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA
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23
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Musah S, DeJarnett N, Hoyle GW. Tumor necrosis factor-α mediates interactions between macrophages and epithelial cells underlying proinflammatory gene expression induced by particulate matter. Toxicology 2012; 299:125-32. [PMID: 22634322 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is known to have adverse effects on respiratory health, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We tested the hypothesis that macrophages and epithelial cells synergize to produce maximal cytokine release in response to PM exposure, thereby promoting inflammatory responses. We developed a co-culture model using MLE-12 (mouse lung epithelial) cells and RAW 264.7 (mouse monocyte/macrophage) cells. MLE-12 cells produced KC (Cxcl1) but not tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), and KC was upregulated only at high levels of urban particulate matter (UPM; NIST 1648a). RAW 264.7 cells produced TNF but not KC, and TNF production was increased by treatment with UPM. In contrast, KC production was upregulated by co-culture of MLE-12 and RAW 264.7 cells, and it was further increased by treatment with a concentration of UPM that had no effect on MLE-12 cells alone. Multiplex cytokine assay revealed a similar pattern of synergistic production of MIG (Cxcl9) and IP-10 (Cxcl10) in co-cultures in response to UPM. TNF was implicated as mediating the synergistic increase in KC production because TNF upregulated KC production in MLE-12 cells, and UPM-induced KC production in co-cultures could be inhibited by a TNF blocking antibody. Intratracheal instillation of UPM into both wild-type and TNF receptor knockout mice resulted in increased TNF production in lavage fluid and increased TNF mRNA expression in cells recovered from lavage fluid. Additionally, UPM instillation into wild-type mice resulted in increased neutrophils and KC in lavage fluid, and these were inhibited in UPM-exposed TNF receptor knockout mice. These results are consistent with a model in which PM activates TNF production in macrophages which in turn stimulates epithelial cells to produce proinflammatory cytokines such as KC. The findings suggest a potential mechanism by which inhaled PM induces inflammation in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiatu Musah
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
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24
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Chen SH, Wu HL, Kao JH, Hwang LH. Persistent hepatitis B viral replication in a FVB/N mouse model: impact of host and viral factors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36984. [PMID: 22615863 PMCID: PMC3353969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the chronicity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has long been an interesting question. However, this mechanism remains unclear largely due to the lack of an animal model that can support persistent HBV replication and allow for the investigation of the relevant immune responses. In this study, we used hydrodynamic injection to introduce HBV replicon DNA into the livers of three different mouse strains: BALB/c, C57BL/6, and FVB/N. Interestingly, we found that an HBV clone persistently replicated in the livers of FVB/N mice for up to 50 weeks but was rapidly cleared from the livers of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Flow cytometric analysis and quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of the mouse livers indicated that after DNA injection, FVB/N mice had few intrahepatic activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and produced low levels of alanine aminotransferase, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and the CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines. These findings were in sharp contrast with those observed in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, reflecting a strong correlation between the degree of liver inflammation and viral clearance. Mutational analysis further demonstrated that a change of Asn-214 to Ser-214 in the HBV surface antigen rendered the persistent HBV clone clearable in FVB/N mice, which was accompanied by increased levels of activated CTL and upregulated expression of IFN-γ, CXCL9, and CXCL10 in the livers. These results indicate that the heterogeneity of the host factors and viral sequences may influence the immune responses against HBV. An inadequate activation of immune or inflammatory responses can lead to persistent HBV replication in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hui Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- VYM Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Lin Wu
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Hwa Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- VYM Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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25
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Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Frascerra S, Ruffilli I, Gelmini S, Minuto M, Pupilli C, Miccoli P, Sellari-Franceschini S, Ferrannini E, Fallahi P. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α agonists modulate CXCL9 and CXCL11 chemokines in Graves' ophthalmopathy fibroblasts and preadipocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 349:255-61. [PMID: 22101320 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)α have been shown to exert immunomodulatory effects in autoimmune disorders; no study evaluated the effect of PPARα activation in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). We show the presence of PPARα, δ and γ in GO fibroblasts and preadipocytes. PPARα activators have a potent inhibitory action on the secretion of CXCL9 and CXCL11 chemokines (induced by IFNγ and TNFα) in fibroblasts and preadipocytes. The potency of the used PPARα agonists was maximum on the secretion of CXCL11 (67% inhibition by fenofibrate) in fibroblasts. The relative potency of the compounds in GO fibroblasts was different with each chemokine. PPARα agonists were stronger inhibitors of CXCL9 and CXCL11 (in GO fibroblasts and preadipocytes) than PPARγ activators. This study first shows that PPARα activators inhibit CXCL9 and CXCL11 chemokines in normal and GO fibroblasts and preadipocytes, suggesting that PPARα may be involved in the modulation of the immune response in GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa - School of Medicine, Via Roma 67, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
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26
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Wu Q, Yang Q, Lourenco E, Sun H, Zhang Y. Interferon-lambda1 induces peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived chemokines secretion in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: its correlation with disease activity. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13:R88. [PMID: 21679442 PMCID: PMC3218903 DOI: 10.1186/ar3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple organ systems. Previous studies have suggested that interferon-lambda 1 (IFN-λ1), a type III interferon, plays an immunomodulatory role. In this study we investigated its role in SLE, including its correlation with disease activity, organ disorder and production of chemokines. METHODS We determined levels of IFN-λ1 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and serum protein levels in patients with SLE using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Further, we detected the concentration of IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monokine induced by IFN-γ (MIG) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) secreted by PBMC under the stimulation of IFN-λ1 using ELISA. RESULTS IFN-λ1 mRNA and serum protein levels were higher in patients with SLE compared with healthy controls. Patients with active disease showed higher IFN-λ1 mRNA and serum protein levels compared with those with inactive disease as well. Serum IFN-λ1 levels were positively correlated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), anti-dsDNA antibody, C-reactive protein (CRP) and negatively correlated with complement 3. Serum IFN-λ1 levels were higher in SLE patients with renal involvement and arthritis compared with patients without the above-mentioned manifestations. IFN-λ1 with different concentrations displayed different effects on the secretion of the chemokines IP-10, MIG and IL-8. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that IFN-λ1 is probably involved in the renal disorder and arthritis progression of SLE and associated with disease activity. Moreover, it probably plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE by stimulating secretion of the chemokines IP-10, MIG and IL-8. Thus, IFN-λ1 may provide a novel research target for the pathogenesis and therapy of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing Wu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingrui Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing Wu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Elaine Lourenco
- Division of Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 1000 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hongsheng Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing Wu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanchao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jing Wu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
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27
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Zhang J, Zhou Z, Wang C, Shen J, Zheng Y, Zhang L, Wang J, Xia D. Reduced tumorigenesis of EG7 after interleukin-10 gene transfer and enhanced efficacy in combination with intratumorally injection of adenovirus-mediated lymphotactin and the underlying mechanism. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:559-73. [PMID: 21240488 PMCID: PMC11029026 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-010-0955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although interleukin-10 (IL-10) is commonly regarded as an immunosuppressive cytokine, a wealth of evidence is accumulating that IL-10 also possesses some immunostimulating antitumor properties. Previous studies demonstrated that forced expression of the IL-10 gene in tumor cells could unexpectedly produce antitumor effects. In this study, we explored the tumorigenesis of EG7 cells transduced with IL-10 gene. In vivo, IL-10 gene transfer reduced tumorigenic capacity of EG7 cells and prolonged survival of the EG7 tumor-bearing mice. It was found that the cytotoxicities of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer cells (NK cells) were enhanced. Assessment of the immune status of the animals showed prevalence of a systemic and tumor-specific Th2 response (high levels of IL-4 and IL-10). To improve the therapeutic efficacy, we combined with intratumoral injection of adenovirus-mediated lymphotactin (Ad-Lptn) into the overestablished EG7 tumor model. More significant inhibition of tumor growth were observed in EG7 tumor-bearing mice that received combined treatment with IL-10 and Lptn gene than those of mice treated with IL-10 or Lptn gene alone. The highest NK cells and CTL activity was induced in the combined therapy group, increasing the production of IL-2 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) significantly but decreasing the expression of immune suppressive cells (CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells and Gr1(+)CD11b(+) MDSCs). The necrosis of tumor cells was markedly observed in the tumor tissues, accompanying with strongest expression of Mig (monokine induced by interferon-gamma) and IP-10 (interferon-inducible protein 10), weakest expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2). In vivo, depletion analysis demonstrated that CD8(+) T cells and NK cells were the predominant effector cell subset responsible for the antitumor effect of IL-10 or Lptn gene. These findings may provide a potential strategy to improve the antitumor efficacy of IL-10 and Lptn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
- Department of Immunology, Taizhou College, 318000 Taizhou, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangen Shen
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihuang Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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Zahn S, Rehkämper C, Kümmerer BM, Ferring-Schmidt S, Bieber T, Tüting T, Wenzel J. Evidence for a pathophysiological role of keratinocyte-derived type III interferon (IFNλ) in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. J Invest Dermatol 2011; 131:133-40. [PMID: 20720564 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type I IFNs (IFNα/β) have been shown to have a central role in the pathophysiology of lupus erythematosus (LE). The recently discovered type III IFNs (IFNλ1/IL29, IFNλ2/IL28a, IFNλ3/IL28b) share several functional similarities with type I IFNs, particularly in antiviral immunity. As IFNλs act primarily on epithelial cells, we investigated whether type III IFNs might also have a role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous LE (CLE). Our investigations demonstrate that IFNλ and the IFNλ receptor were strongly expressed in the epidermis of CLE skin lesions and related autoimmune diseases (lichen planus and dermatomyositis). Significantly enhanced IFNλ1 could be measured in the serum of CLE patients with active skin lesions. Functional analyses revealed that human keratinocytes are able to produce high levels of IFNλ1 but only low amounts of IFNα/β/γ in response to immunostimulatory nuclear acids, suggesting that IFNλ is a major IFN produced by these cells. Exposure of human keratinocytes to IFNλ1 induced the expression of several proinflammatory cytokines, including CXCL9 (CXC-motiv ligand 9), which drive the recruitment of immune cells and are associated with the formation of CLE skin lesions. Our results provide evidence for a role of type III IFNs in not only antiviral immunity but also autoimmune diseases of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Zahn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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29
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Crawford MA, Burdick MD, Glomski IJ, Boyer AE, Barr JR, Mehrad B, Strieter RM, Hughes MA. Interferon-inducible CXC chemokines directly contribute to host defense against inhalational anthrax in a murine model of infection. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1001199. [PMID: 21124994 PMCID: PMC2987825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been found to exert direct, defensin-like antimicrobial activity in vitro, suggesting that, in addition to orchestrating cellular accumulation and activation, chemokines may contribute directly to the innate host response against infection. No observations have been made, however, demonstrating direct chemokine-mediated promotion of host defense in vivo. Here, we show that the murine interferon-inducible CXC chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 each exert direct antimicrobial effects in vitro against Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain spores and bacilli including disruptions in spore germination and marked reductions in spore and bacilli viability as assessed using CFU determination and a fluorometric assay of metabolic activity. Similar chemokine-mediated antimicrobial activity was also observed against fully virulent Ames strain spores and encapsulated bacilli. Moreover, antibody-mediated neutralization of these CXC chemokines in vivo was found to significantly increase host susceptibility to pulmonary B. anthracis infection in a murine model of inhalational anthrax with disease progression characterized by systemic bacterial dissemination, toxemia, and host death. Neutralization of the shared chemokine receptor CXCR3, responsible for mediating cellular recruitment in response to CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, was not found to increase host susceptibility to inhalational anthrax. Taken together, our data demonstrate a novel, receptor-independent antimicrobial role for the interferon-inducible CXC chemokines in pulmonary innate immunity in vivo. These data also support an immunomodulatory approach for effectively treating and/or preventing pulmonary B. anthracis infection, as well as infections caused by pathogenic and potentially, multi-drug resistant bacteria including other spore-forming organisms. Innate immunity is critical to host defense and plays a central role in protecting the lungs from respiratory pathogens. Among the mediators important in the innate host response to pulmonary infection are chemokines, proteins originally described for their ability to regulate immune cell trafficking during an inflammatory response. More recently, chemokines have been found to exert direct antimicrobial activity against a broad range of bacteria and fungi in vitro. While these observations suggest chemokines may contribute to host defense by killing microorganisms at local sites of infection through activities not associated with cellular chemokine receptors, the biological relevance of direct chemokine-mediated antimicrobial activity in vivo has not been established. Here we show that the murine chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 exert direct antimicrobial effects against B. anthracis in vitro and that neutralization of these CXC chemokines, but not their shared receptor CXCR3, increases host susceptibility to pulmonary B. anthracis infection in vivo. These data provide unique insight into the host mediators important in host-pathogen interaction and pathogenesis of disease and support the emerging concept that host chemokines mediate efficient, pleiotropic roles that include receptor-independent promotion of host defense in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Crawford
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Marie D. Burdick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ian J. Glomski
- Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Anne E. Boyer
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John R. Barr
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Borna Mehrad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Strieter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Molly A. Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Venetz D, Ponzoni M, Schiraldi M, Ferreri AJM, Bertoni F, Doglioni C, Uguccioni M. Perivascular expression of CXCL9 and CXCL12 in primary central nervous system lymphoma: T-cell infiltration and positioning of malignant B cells. Int J Cancer 2010; 127:2300-12. [PMID: 20872671 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Venetz
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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31
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Fagète S, Ravn U, Gueneau F, Magistrelli G, Kosco-Vilbois MH, Fischer N. Specificity tuning of antibody fragments to neutralize two human chemokines with a single agent. MAbs 2009; 1:288-96. [PMID: 20069756 PMCID: PMC2726596 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.1.3.8527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are important mediators of the immune response that are responsible for the trafficking of immune cells between lymphoid organs and migration towards sites of inflammation.Using phage display selection and a functional screening approach, we have isolated a panel of single-chain fragment variable (scFv) capable of neutralizing the activity of the human chemokine CXCL10 (hCXCL10). One of the isolated scFv was weakly cross-reactive against another human chemokine CXCL9,but was unable to block its biological activity. We diversified the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of the light chain variable domain (VL) of this scFv and combined phage display with high throughput antibody array screening to identify variants capable of neutralizing both chemokines. Using this approach it is therefore possible to engineer pan-specific antibodies that could prove very useful to antagonize redundant signaling pathways such as the chemokine signaling network.
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Stahl-Hennig C, Eisenblätter M, Jasny E, Rzehak T, Tenner-Racz K, Trumpfheller C, Salazar AM, Überla K, Nieto K, Kleinschmidt J, Schulte R, Gissmann L, Müller M, Sacher A, Racz P, Steinman RM, Uguccioni M, Ignatius R. Synthetic double-stranded RNAs are adjuvants for the induction of T helper 1 and humoral immune responses to human papillomavirus in rhesus macaques. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5:e1000373. [PMID: 19360120 PMCID: PMC2660151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands are being considered as adjuvants for the induction of antigen-specific immune responses, as in the design of vaccines. Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytoidylic acid (poly I:C), a synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), is recognized by TLR3 and other intracellular receptors. Poly ICLC is a poly I:C analogue, which has been stabilized against the serum nucleases that are present in the plasma of primates. Poly I:C12U, another analogue, is less toxic but also less stable in vivo than poly I:C, and TLR3 is essential for its recognition. To study the effects of these compounds on the induction of protein-specific immune responses in an animal model relevant to humans, rhesus macaques were immunized subcutaneously (s.c.) with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or human papillomavirus (HPV)16 capsomeres with or without dsRNA or a control adjuvant, the TLR9 ligand CpG-C. All dsRNA compounds served as adjuvants for KLH-specific cellular immune responses, with the highest proliferative responses being observed with 2 mg/animal poly ICLC (p = 0.002) or 6 mg/animal poly I:C12U (p = 0.001) when compared with immunization with KLH alone. Notably, poly ICLC—but not CpG-C given at the same dose—also helped to induce HPV16-specific Th1 immune responses while both adjuvants supported the induction of strong anti-HPV16 L1 antibody responses as determined by ELISA and neutralization assay. In contrast, control animals injected with HPV16 capsomeres alone did not develop substantial HPV16-specific immune responses. Injection of dsRNA led to increased numbers of cells producing the T cell–activating chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 as detected by in situ hybridization in draining lymph nodes 18 hours after injections, and to increased serum levels of CXCL10 (p = 0.01). This was paralleled by the reduced production of the homeostatic T cell–attracting chemokine CCL21. Thus, synthetic dsRNAs induce an innate chemokine response and act as adjuvants for virus-specific Th1 and humoral immune responses in nonhuman primates. Novel adjuvants that facilitate the induction of strong cellular immunity could be of help in the design of vaccine strategies to combat infections such as HIV or tuberculosis. Our immune cells possess archaic receptors recognizing structures of infectious pathogens, and the interaction of these receptors with their ligands results in an activation of the immune system. Here we exploited synthetic forms of one of these ligands, i.e., dsRNA, to define an adjuvant for the induction of cellular immune responses in primates. We injected model and viral proteins together with three different forms of dsRNA subcutaneously (s.c.) in rhesus macaques, and all compounds served as adjuvants for the induction of cellular immunity without the incidence of major side effects. These adjuvant effects depended on the adjuvant dose and coincided with profound alterations in the chemokine production in the draining lymph nodes. dsRNA also helped to induce cellular and humoral immune responses against capsomeres of low immunogenicity derived from the human papillomavirus 16, the causative agent in about 50% of all cases of cervical cancer worldwide. Therefore, formulations involving synthetic dsRNA are promising candidates for development of novel vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Eisenblätter
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Infection Immunology, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edith Jasny
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Infection Immunology, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamara Rzehak
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Christine Trumpfheller
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Klaus Überla
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Karen Nieto
- Infection and Cancer Research Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kleinschmidt
- Infection and Cancer Research Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reiner Schulte
- Laboratory of Infection Models, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Gissmann
- Infection and Cancer Research Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin Müller
- Infection and Cancer Research Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Sacher
- Infection and Cancer Research Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Racz
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralph M. Steinman
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Ralf Ignatius
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Infection Immunology, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Egesten A, Olin AI, Linge HM, Yadav M, Mörgelin M, Karlsson A, Collin M. SpeB of Streptococcus pyogenes differentially modulates antibacterial and receptor activating properties of human chemokines. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4769. [PMID: 19274094 PMCID: PMC2652026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/31/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CXC chemokines are induced by inflammatory stimuli in epithelial cells and some, like MIG/CXCL9, IP–10/CXCL10 and I–TAC/CXCL11, are antibacterial for Streptococcus pyogenes. Methodology/Principal Findings SpeB from S. pyogenes degrades a wide range of chemokines (i.e. IP10/CXCL10, I-TAC/CXCL11, PF4/CXCL4, GROα/CXCL1, GROβ/CXCL2, GROγ/CXCL3, ENA78/CXCL5, GCP-2/CXCL6, NAP-2/CXCL7, SDF-1/CXCL12, BCA-1/CXCL13, BRAK/CXCL14, SRPSOX/CXCL16, MIP-3α/CCL20, Lymphotactin/XCL1, and Fractalkine/CX3CL1), has no activity on IL-8/CXCL8 and RANTES/CCL5, partly degrades SRPSOX/CXCL16 and MIP-3α/CCL20, and releases a 6 kDa CXCL9 fragment. CXCL10 and CXCL11 loose receptor activating and antibacterial activities, while the CXCL9 fragment does not activate the receptor CXCR3 but retains its antibacterial activity. Conclusions/Significance SpeB destroys most of the signaling and antibacterial properties of chemokines expressed by an inflamed epithelium. The exception is CXCL9 that preserves its antibacterial activity after hydrolysis, emphasizing its role as a major antimicrobial on inflamed epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Egesten
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders I. Olin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helena M. Linge
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Manisha Yadav
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mattias Collin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Fernandez TD, Mayorga C, Torres MJ, Cornejo-Garcia JA, López S, Chaves P, Rondon C, Blanca M. Cytokine and chemokine expression in the skin from patients with maculopapular exanthema to drugs. Allergy 2008; 63:712-9. [PMID: 18384452 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01607.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maculopapular exanthema (MPE) is the most frequent clinical manifestation of nonimmediate allergic reactions to drugs and T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines and CD4(+) T cells have been shown to play an important role in its pathogenesis. We assessed the role of cytokines and chemokines and their receptors in the pathogenesis of MPE. METHODS We evaluated skin biopsies and peripheral CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from 27 patients during the acute phase of the reaction and 26 exposed controls. Semiquantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression of cytokines and chemokines and their receptors and immunohistochemistry was used to determine the same chemokines and their receptor proteins in skin. RESULTS There was a high expression of the Th1 cytokines interferon-gamma (P = 0.006) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P = 0.022) in skin and CD4(+) T cells (P = 0.007 and P = 0.005, respectively); and of the Th1 chemokines CXCL9 (P = 0.005) and CXCL10 (P = 0.028) in the skin, while their receptor CXCR3 was increased in skin (P = 0.006) and CD4(+) T cells (P = 0.03). Homing chemokine receptors were also increased: CCR6 in skin (P = 0.026) and CD4(+) T cells (P = 0.016), and CCR10 only in CD4(+) T cells (P = 0.016), as well as their ligands, CCL20 and CCL27, in skin alone. Immunohistochemistry confirmed these results. CONCLUSIONS These data show significant differences in the expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors, related with a Th1 profile, in both skin biopsies and peripheral CD4(+) T cells in patients with drug-induced MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Fernandez
- Research Laboratory for Allergic Diseases, Carlos Haya Hospital-Fundacion IMABIS, Málaga, Spain
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Nicholas MW, Dooley MA, Hogan SL, Anolik J, Looney J, Sanz I, Clarke SH. A novel subset of memory B cells is enriched in autoreactivity and correlates with adverse outcomes in SLE. Clin Immunol 2008; 126:189-201. [PMID: 18077220 PMCID: PMC2812414 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2007.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Revised: 09/25/2007] [Accepted: 10/05/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that some systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have a population of circulating memory B cells with >2-fold higher levels of CD19. We show here that the presence of CD19(hi) B cells correlates with long-term adverse outcomes. These B cells do not appear anergic, as they exhibit high basal levels of phosphorylated Syk and ERK1/2, signal transduce in response to BCR crosslinking, and can become plasma cells (PCs) in vitro. Autoreactive anti-Smith (Sm) B cells are enriched in this population and the degree of enrichment correlates with the log of the serum anti-Sm titer, arguing that they undergo clonal expansion before PC differentiation. PC differentiation may occur at sites of inflammation, as CD19(hi) B cells have elevated CXCR3 levels and chemotax in response to its ligand CXCL9. Thus, CD19(hi) B cells are precursors to anti-self PCs, and identify an SLE patient subset likely to experience poor clinical outcomes.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
- Antigens, CD19/blood
- Antigens, CD19/immunology
- Autoantigens/blood
- Autoantigens/immunology
- Autoimmunity
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL9/blood
- Chemokine CXCL9/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
- Immunologic Memory
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Plasma Cells/immunology
- Plasma Cells/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR3/blood
- Receptors, CXCR3/immunology
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear/blood
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear/immunology
- Rituximab
- snRNP Core Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilda W Nicholas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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