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Abstract
A well-known bioseparation technique namely liquid biphasic system (LBS) has attracted many researchers’ interest for being an alternative bioseparation technology for various kinds of biomolecules. The present review begins with an in-depth discussion on the fundamental principle of LBS and this is followed by the discussion on further development of various phase-forming components in LBS. Additionally, the implementation of various advance technologies to the LBS that is beneficial towards the efficiency of LBS for the extraction, separation, and purification of biomolecules was discussed. The key parameters affecting the LBS were presented and evaluated. Moreover, future prospect and challenges were highlighted to be a useful guide for future development of LBS. The efforts presented in this review will provide an insight for future researches in liquid-liquid separation techniques.
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Mahmoodi S, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Wood DW, Majdi H, Zarghami N. Current affinity approaches for purification of recombinant proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23312025.2019.1665406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pourhassan-Moghaddam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - David W. Wood
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hasan Majdi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Osloob M, Roosta A. Experimental study of choline chloride and K2HPO4 aqueous two-phase system, and its application in the partitioning of penicillin G. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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McQueen L, Lai D. Ionic Liquid Aqueous Two-Phase Systems From a Pharmaceutical Perspective. Front Chem 2019; 7:135. [PMID: 30931300 PMCID: PMC6428778 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (ATPSs) have been extensively studied for their ability to simultaneously separate and purify active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and key intermediates with high yields and high purity. Depending on the ATPS composition, it can be adapted for the separation and purification of cells, nucleic acids, proteins, antibodies, and small molecules. This method has been shown to be scalable, allowing it to be used in the milliliter scale for early drug development to thousands of liters in manufacture for commercial supply. The benefits of ATPS in pharmaceutical separations is increasingly being recognized and investigated by larger pharmaceutical companies. ATPSs use identical instrumentation and similar methodology, therefore a change from traditional methods has a theoretical low barrier of adoption. The cost of typical components used to form an ATPS at large scale, particularly that of polymer-polymer systems, is the primary challenge to widespread use across industry. However, there are a few polymer-salt examples where the increase in yield at commercial scale justifies the cost of using ATPSs for macromolecule purification. More recently, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have been used for ATPS separations that is more sustainable as a solvent, and more economical than polymers often used in ATPSs for small molecule applications. Such IL-ATPSs still retain much of the attractive characteristics such as customizable chemical and physical properties, stability, safety, and most importantly, can provide higher yield separations of organic compounds, and efficient solvent recycling to lower financial and environmental costs of large scale manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa McQueen
- Drug Product Design and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - David Lai
- Product and Process Engineering, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States.,Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
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Torres-Acosta MA, Mayolo-Deloisa K, González-Valdez J, Rito-Palomares M. Aqueous Two-Phase Systems at Large Scale: Challenges and Opportunities. Biotechnol J 2018; 14:e1800117. [PMID: 29878648 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) have proved to be an efficient and integrative operation to enhance recovery of industrially relevant bioproducts. After ATPS discovery, a variety of works have been published regarding their scaling from 10 to 1000 L. Although ATPS have achieved high recovery and purity yields, there is still a gap between their bench-scale use and potential industrial applications. In this context, this review paper critically analyzes ATPS scale-up strategies to enhance the potential industrial adoption. In particular, large-scale operation considerations, different phase separation procedures, the available optimization techniques (univariate, response surface methodology, and genetic algorithms) to maximize recovery and purity and economic modeling to predict large-scale costs, are discussed. ATPS intensification to increase the amount of sample to process at each system, developing recycling strategies and creating highly efficient predictive models, are still areas of great significance that can be further exploited with the use of high-throughput techniques. Moreover, the development of novel ATPS can maximize their specificity increasing the possibilities for the future industry adoption of ATPS. This review work attempts to present the areas of opportunity to increase ATPS attractiveness at industrial levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Torres-Acosta
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, NL, 64849, México
| | - Karla Mayolo-Deloisa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, NL, 64849, México
| | - José González-Valdez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, NL, 64849, México
| | - Marco Rito-Palomares
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, NL, 64849, México.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Morones Prieto 3000 Pte, Col. Los Doctores, Monterrey, NL, 64710, México
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Response surface methodology for the evaluation of guanidine hydrochloride partitioning in polymer-salt aqueous two-phase system. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-017-0108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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Expression of the mammalian peptide hormone obestatin in Trichoderma reesei. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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8
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Yau YK, Ooi CW, Ng EP, Lan JCW, Ling TC, Show PL. Current applications of different type of aqueous two-phase systems. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2015. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-015-0078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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9
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Mansour FR, Zhou L, Danielson ND. Applications of Poly(Ethylene)Glycol (PEG) in Separation Science. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Luís A, Dinis TBV, Passos H, Taha M, Freire MG. Good's buffers as novel phase-forming components of ionic-liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems. Biochem Eng J 2015; 101:142-149. [PMID: 26435687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aiming at the development of self-buffering and benign extraction/separation processes, this work reports a novel class of aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of ionic liquids (ILs) and organic biological buffers (Good's buffers, GBs). A large array of ILs and GBs was investigated, revealing than only the more hydrophobic and fluorinated ILs are able to form ABS. For these systems, the phase diagrams, tie-lines, tie-line lengths, and critical points were determined at 25 °C. The ABS were then evaluated as alternative liquid-liquid extraction strategies for two amino acids (L-phenylalanine and L-tryptophan). The single-step extraction efficiencies for the GB-rich phase range between 22.4 and 100.0 % (complete extraction). Contrarily to the most conventional IL-salt ABS, in most of the systems investigated, the amino acids preferentially migrate for the most biocompatible and hydrophilic GB-rich phase. Remarkably, in two of the studied ABS, L-phenylalanine completely partitions to the GB-rich phase while L-tryptophan shows a preferential affinity for the opposite phase. These results show that the extraction efficiencies of similar amino acids can be tailored by the design of the chemical structures of the phase-forming components, creating thus new possibilities for the use of IL-based ABS in biotechnological separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Luís
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Teresa B V Dinis
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Passos
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mohamed Taha
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mara G Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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PEG–salt aqueous two-phase systems: an attractive and versatile liquid–liquid extraction technology for the downstream processing of proteins and enzymes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6599-616. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Phase Separation Behavior and System Properties of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems with Polyethylene Glycol and Different Salts: Experiment and Correlation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/682476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The phase separation behaviors of PEG1000/sodium citrate, PEG4000/sodium citrate, PEG1000/ammonium sulfate, and PEG4000/ammonium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems were investigated, respectively. There are two distinct situations for the phase separation rate in the investigated aqueous two-phase systems: one state is top-continuous phase with slow phase separation rate and strong bottom-continuous phase with fast phase separation rate and weak volume ratio dependence. The system properties such as density, viscosity, and interfacial tension between top and bottom phases which have effects on the phase separation rate of aqueous two-phase systems were measured. The property parameter differences between the two phases increased with increasing tie line length and then improved the phase separation rate. Moreover, a modified correlation equation including the phase separation rate, tie line length, and physical properties of the four aqueous two-phase systems has been proposed and successfully tested in the bottom-continuous phase, whose coefficients were estimated through regression analysis. The predicted results of PEG1000/sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems were verified through the stationary phase retention in the cross-axis countercurrent chromatography.
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Jue E, Yamanishi CD, Chiu RYT, Wu BM, Kamei DT. Using an aqueous two-phase polymer-salt system to rapidly concentrate viruses for improving the detection limit of the lateral-flow immunoassay. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:2499-507. [PMID: 24942535 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of point-of-need (PON) diagnostics for viruses has the potential to prevent pandemics and protects against biological warfare threats. Here we discuss the approach of using aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) to concentrate biomolecules prior to the lateral-flow immunoassay (LFA) for improved viral detection. In this paper, we developed a rapid PON detection assay as an extension to our previous proof-of-concept studies which used a micellar ATPS. We present our investigation of a more rapid polymer-salt ATPS that can drastically improve the assay time, and show that the phase containing the concentrated biomolecule can be extracted prior to macroscopic phase separation equilibrium without affecting the measured biomolecule concentration in that phase. We could therefore significantly decrease the time of the diagnostic assay with an early extraction time of just 30 min. Using this rapid ATPS, the model virus bacteriophage M13 was concentrated between approximately 2 and 10-fold by altering the volume ratio between the two phases. As the extracted virus-rich phase contained a high salt concentration which destabilized the colloidal gold indicator used in LFA, we decorated the gold nanoprobes with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to provide steric stabilization, and used these nanoprobes to demonstrate a 10-fold improvement in the LFA detection limit. Lastly, a MATLAB script was used to quantify the LFA results with and without the pre-concentration step. This approach of combining a rapid ATPS with LFA has great potential for PON applications, especially as greater concentration-fold improvements can be achieved by further varying the volume ratio. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 2499-2507. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Jue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 5121 Engineering V, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1600
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Reuter LJ, Bailey MJ, Joensuu JJ, Ritala A. Scale-up of hydrophobin-assisted recombinant protein production in tobacco BY-2 suspension cells. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:402-10. [PMID: 24341724 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant suspension cell cultures are emerging as an alternative to mammalian cells for production of complex recombinant proteins. Plant cell cultures provide low production cost, intrinsic safety and adherence to current regulations, but low yields and costly purification technology hinder their commercialization. Fungal hydrophobins have been utilized as fusion tags to improve yields and facilitate efficient low-cost purification by surfactant-based aqueous two-phase separation (ATPS) in plant, fungal and insect cells. In this work, we report the utilization of hydrophobin fusion technology in tobacco bright yellow 2 (BY-2) suspension cell platform and the establishment of pilot-scale propagation and downstream processing including first-step purification by ATPS. Green fluorescent protein-hydrophobin fusion (GFP-HFBI) induced the formation of protein bodies in tobacco suspension cells, thus encapsulating the fusion protein into discrete compartments. Cultivation of the BY-2 suspension cells was scaled up in standard stirred tank bioreactors up to 600 L production volume, with no apparent change in growth kinetics. Subsequently, ATPS was applied to selectively capture the GFP-HFBI product from crude cell lysate, resulting in threefold concentration, good purity and up to 60% recovery. The ATPS was scaled up to 20 L volume, without loss off efficiency. This study provides the first proof of concept for large-scale hydrophobin-assisted production of recombinant proteins in tobacco BY-2 cell suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri J Reuter
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
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Espitia-Saloma E, Vázquez-Villegas P, Aguilar O, Rito-Palomares M. Continuous aqueous two-phase systems devices for the recovery of biological products. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Pilot-scale separation of lysozyme from hen egg white by integrating aqueous two-phase partitioning and membrane separation processes. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Duque Jaramillo PM, Rocha Gomes HA, de Siqueira FG, Homem-de-Mello M, Filho EXF, Magalhães PO. Liquid–liquid extraction of pectinase produced by Aspergillus oryzae using aqueous two-phase micellar system. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Dembczyński R, Białas W, Jankowski T. Partitioning of lysozyme in aqueous two-phase systems containing ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer and potassium phosphates. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Danielsson R, Albertsson PÅ. AQUEOUS POLYMER TWO-PHASE SYSTEMS AND THEIR USE IN FRAGMENTATION AND SEPARATION OF BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAPPING THE MEMBRANE STRUCTURE. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 43:512-25. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2013.773449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Mustalahti E, Saloheimo M, Joensuu JJ. Intracellular protein production in Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) with hydrophobin fusion technology. N Biotechnol 2013; 30:262-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Khalesi M, Deckers S, Gebruers K, Vissers L, Verachtert H, Derdelinckx G. Hydrophobins: Exceptional proteins for many applications in brewery environment and other bio-industries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cervis.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Khan I, Twyman RM, Arcalis E, Stoger E. Using storage organelles for the accumulation and encapsulation of recombinant proteins. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:1099-108. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Joensuu JJ, Conley AJ, Linder MB, Menassa R. Bioseparation of recombinant proteins from plant extract with hydrophobin fusion technology. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 824:527-34. [PMID: 22160918 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-433-9_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Two main hurdles hinder the widespread acceptance of plants as a preferred protein expression platform: low accumulation levels and expensive chromatographic purification methods. Fusion of proteins of interest to fungal hydrophobins has provided a tool to address both accumulation and purification issues. In this method, we describe the one-step purification of a GFP-HFBI fusion from crude plant extract using an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). ATPS can be carried out in a very short time frame, yields relatively pure protein with very few contaminants, and does not require any chromatographic column steps. This purification system takes advantage of the affinity of hydrophobins to the micellar phase of widely available nonionic surfactants, such as Triton X-114, and can be easily scaled up for industrial-scale protein purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi J Joensuu
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie, Finland.
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Fischer I, Franzreb M. Nanoparticle Mediated Protein Separation in Aqueous Micellar Two-Phase Systems. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2011.581093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Tan ZJ, Li FF, Xing JM. Cloud point extraction of aloe anthraquinones based on non-ionic surfactant aqueous two-phase system. Nat Prod Res 2011; 26:1423-32. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2011.601415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian Tan
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , China
| | - Fen-Fang Li
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , China
| | - Jian-Min Xing
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , China
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Santos VC, Hasmann FA, Converti A, Pessoa A. Liquid–liquid extraction by mixed micellar systems: A new approach for clavulanic acid recovery from fermented broth. Biochem Eng J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Conley AJ, Joensuu JJ, Richman A, Menassa R. Protein body-inducing fusions for high-level production and purification of recombinant proteins in plants. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2011; 9:419-33. [PMID: 21338467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00596.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
For the past two decades, therapeutic and industrially important proteins have been expressed in plants with varying levels of success. The two major challenges hindering the economical production of plant-made recombinant proteins include inadequate accumulation levels and the lack of efficient purification methods. To address these limitations, several fusion protein strategies have been recently developed to significantly enhance the production yield of plant-made recombinant proteins, while simultaneously assisting in their subsequent purification. Elastin-like polypeptides are thermally responsive biopolymers composed of a repeating pentapeptide 'VPGXG' sequence that are valuable for the purification of recombinant proteins. Hydrophobins are small fungal proteins capable of altering the hydrophobicity of their respective fusion partner, thus enabling efficient purification by surfactant-based aqueous two-phase systems. Zera, a domain of the maize seed storage protein γ-zein, can induce the formation of protein storage bodies, thus facilitating the recovery of fused proteins using density-based separation methods. These three novel protein fusion systems have also been shown to enhance the accumulation of a range of different recombinant proteins, while concurrently inducing the formation of protein bodies. The packing of these fusion proteins into protein bodies may exclude the recombinant protein from normal physiological turnover. Furthermore, these systems allow for quick, simple and inexpensive nonchromatographic purification of the recombinant protein, which can be scaled up to industrial levels of protein production. This review will focus on the similarities and differences of these artificial storage organelles, their biogenesis and their implication for the production of recombinant proteins in plants and their subsequent purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Conley
- Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
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System establishment of ATPS for one-step purification of glutamate decarboxylase from E. coli after cell disruption. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 164:1339-49. [PMID: 21484275 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The partition of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) from Escherichia coli in polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) has been explored with the purpose of establishing a phase system for the purification of GAD after cell disruption. The results showed that the partitioning of GAD was slightly influenced by PEG molecular weight (MW) but depended on the tie line length (TLL) and NaCl and loading sample concentrations. The optimum system obtained for GAD purification was composed of a PEG MW of 4,000, TLL of 63.5%, a volume ratio of 2.31, a loading sample concentration of 0.4 g/mL, which produced a GAD recovery of 90% with the purification fold of 73. Furthermore, the feasibility of directly purifying GAD from the cell disrupts using ATPS was evaluated. The established ATPS for GAD purification exhibited an efficient integrated purification process compared to the reported purification process in terms of purification efficiency and recovery.
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Abstract
While biocatalysts show tremendous potential for the industrial production of fine chemicals, their integration into large-scale processes has been slow. One of the main reasons for slow acceptance in industry is the inherent instability of the enzymes. Recent developments in bioengineering have shed some light on methods of improving enzyme stability. One method that has been used for many decades, successfully to varying degrees, has been the immobilization of enzymes. To this regards, silica gels have attracted much attention because of the ease of surface functionalization, high surface areas, mechanical and thermal stability, and resistance to both chemical and biological attack. We have previously shown the immobilization of invertase on silica gels with high immobilized activity and significantly improved stability. Here, we provide greater details on the methods for effecting the immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan E David
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Purification and in situ immobilization of papain with aqueous two-phase system. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15168. [PMID: 21179198 PMCID: PMC3001450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Papain was purified from spray-dried Carica papaya latex using aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Then it was recovered from PEG phase by in situ immobilization or preparing cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). The Plackett-Burman design and the central composite design (CCD) together with the response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize the APTS processes. The highly purified papain (96–100%) was achieved under the optimized conditions: 40% (w/w) 15 mg/ml enzyme solution, 14.33–17.65% (w/w) PEG 6000, 14.27–14.42% (w/w) NaH2PO4/K2HPO4 and pH 5.77–6.30 at 20°C. An in situ enzyme immobilization approach, carried out by directly dispersing aminated supports and chitosan beads into the PEG phase, was investigated to recover papain, in which a high immobilization yield (>90%) and activity recovery (>40%) was obtained. Moreover, CLEAs were successfully used in recovering papain from PEG phase with a hydrolytic activity hundreds times higher than the carrier-bound immobilized papain.
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Dembczynski R, Bialas W, Jankowski T. Recycling of phase components during lysozyme extraction from hen egg white in the EO50PO50/K2HPO4 aqueous two-phase system. Biochem Eng J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Stripping of nonionic surfactants from the coacervate phase of cloud point system for lipase separation by Winsor II microemulsion extraction with the direct addition of alcohols. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Aqueous two-phase extraction of 2,3-butanediol from fermentation broths using an ethanol/ammonium sulfate system. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Joensuu JJ, Conley AJ, Lienemann M, Brandle JE, Linder MB, Menassa R. Hydrophobin fusions for high-level transient protein expression and purification in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 152:622-33. [PMID: 20018596 PMCID: PMC2815860 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.149021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient accumulation levels of recombinant proteins in plants and the lack of efficient purification methods for recovering these valuable proteins have hindered the development of plant biotechnology applications. Hydrophobins are small and surface-active proteins derived from filamentous fungi that can be easily purified by a surfactant-based aqueous two-phase system. In this study, the hydrophobin HFBI sequence from Trichoderma reesei was fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana plants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens infiltration. The HFBI fusion significantly enhanced the accumulation of GFP, with the concentration of the fusion protein reaching 51% of total soluble protein, while also delaying necrosis of the infiltrated leaves. Furthermore, the endoplasmic reticulum-targeted GFP-HFBI fusion induced the formation of large novel protein bodies. A simple and scalable surfactant-based aqueous two-phase system was optimized to recover the HFBI fusion proteins from leaf extracts. The single-step phase separation was able to selectively recover up to 91% of the GFP-HFBI up to concentrations of 10 mg mL(-1). HFBI fusions increased the expression levels of plant-made recombinant proteins while also providing a simple means for their subsequent purification. This hydrophobin fusion technology, when combined with the speed and posttranslational modification capabilities of plants, enhances the value of transient plant-based expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi J Joensuu
- VTT Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, 02044 VTT, Finland.
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36
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A Closed Concept of Extractive Whole Cell Microbial Transformation of Benzaldehyde into l-Phenylacetylcarbinol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Novel Polyethylene-Glycol-Induced Cloud-Point System. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 160:1865-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Liang R, Wang Z, Xu JH, Li W, Qi H. Novel polyethylene glycol induced cloud point system for extraction and back-extraction of organic compounds. Sep Purif Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Guan Y, Bourton E, Hewitson P, Sutherland I, Fisher D. The importance of column design for protein separation using aqueous two-phase systems on J-type countercurrent chromatography. Sep Purif Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2008.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Rosa P, Azevedo A, Sommerfeld S, Mutter M, Aires-Barros M, Bäcker W. Application of aqueous two-phase systems to antibody purification: A multi-stage approach. J Biotechnol 2009; 139:306-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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A downstream process with microemulsion extraction for microbial transformation in cloud point system. Biochem Eng J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Liquid–liquid extraction of commercial and biosynthesized nisin by aqueous two-phase micellar systems. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008; 42:107-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2007] [Revised: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 08/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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43
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Arnold T, Linke D. Phase separation in the isolation and purification of membrane proteins. Biotechniques 2007; 43:427-30, 432, 434 passim. [DOI: 10.2144/000112566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase separation is a simple, efficient, and cheap method to purify and concentrate detergent-solubilized membrane proteins. In spite of this, phase separation is not widely used or even known among membrane protein scientists, and ready-to-use protocols are available for only relatively few detergent/membrane protein combinations. Here, we summarize the physical and chemical parameters that influence the phase separation behavior of detergents commonly used for membrane protein studies. Examples for the successful purification of membrane proteins using this method with different classes of detergents are provided. As the choice of the detergent is critical in many downstream applications (e.g., membrane protein crystallization or functional assays), we discuss how new phase separation protocols can be developed for a given detergent buffer system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Arnold
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Linke
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
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44
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Lopes AS, Garcia JS, Catharino RR, Santos LS, Eberlin MN, Arruda MAZ. Cloud point extraction applied to casein proteins of cow milk and their identification by mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 590:166-72. [PMID: 17448341 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2006] [Revised: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the optimization of a cloud point extraction (CPE) method for casein proteins from cow milk samples. To promote phase separation, polyoxyethylene(8) isooctylphenyl ether (Triton X-114) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were used as nonionic surfactant and electrolyte, respectively. Using multivariate studies, four major CPE variables were evaluated: Triton X-114 concentration, sample volume, NaCl concentration, and pH. The results show that surfactant concentration and sample volume were the main variable affecting the CPE process, with the following optimized parameters: 1% (w/v) Triton X-114 concentration, 50 microL of sample volume, 6% (w/v) NaCl concentration and extractions carried out at pH 7.0. At these conditions, 923+/-66 and 67+/-2 microg mL(-1) of total protein were found in the surfactant-rich and surfactant-poor phases, respectively. Finally, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was then used to evaluate those target proteins (alpha(s1)-casein, alpha(s2)-casein and beta-casein) separation as well as to check the efficiency of the extraction procedure, making a fingerprint of those target proteins possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Soriano Lopes
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Institute of Chemistry, Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization Group, P.O. Box 6154, 13084-862 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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45
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Hektor HJ, Scholtmeijer K. Hydrophobins: proteins with potential. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2007; 16:434-9. [PMID: 15950452 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2005.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2005] [Revised: 05/01/2005] [Accepted: 05/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobins are self-assembling proteins of fungal origin. Their ability to self-assemble into an amphipathic membrane is of interest for many different applications, ranging from medical and technical coatings to the production of proteinaceous glue and cosmetics. Assembled hydrophobins can modify surface characteristics, thus controling the binding properties of the surface; for example, enzymes can be actively and non-covalently immobilized on electrode surfaces and medical coatings can be improved for biocompatibility. Over the past few years research on hydrophobins has contributed to a better understanding of the self-assembly process and is generating more handles to control and manipulate the process. This knowledge could have an immediate effect on production levels, which are not yet adequate, and provide the boost needed for hydrophobins to reach their full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harm J Hektor
- BiOMaDe Technology Foundation, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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46
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High throughput screening techniques in downstream processing: Preparation, characterization and optimization of aqueous two-phase systems. Chem Eng Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2006.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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47
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Xie HG, Wang YJ, Sun M. Modeling of the partitioning of membrane protein and phase equilibria for Triton X-100–salt aqueous two-phase systems using a modified generalized multicomponent osmotic virial equation. Process Biochem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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48
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Linder MB, Szilvay GR, Nakari-Setälä T, Penttilä ME. Hydrophobins: the protein-amphiphiles of filamentous fungi. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2005; 29:877-96. [PMID: 16219510 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsre.2005.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2004] [Revised: 12/20/2004] [Accepted: 01/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobins are surface active proteins produced by filamentous fungi. They have a role in fungal growth as structural components and in the interaction of fungi with their environment. They have, for example, been found to be important for aerial growth, and for the attachment of fungi to solid supports. Hydrophobins also render fungal structures, such as spores, hydrophobic. The biophysical properties of the isolated proteins are remarkable, such as strong adhesion, high surface activity and the formation of various self-assembled structures. The first high resolution three dimensional structure of a hydrophobin, HFBII from Trichoderma reesei, was recently solved. In this review, the properties of hydrophobins are analyzed in light of these new data. Various application possibilities are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Linder
- VTT Biotechnology, Tietotie 2, P.O.Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland.
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49
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Meier SM, Huebner H, Buchholz R. Single-cell-bioreactors as end of miniaturization approaches in biotechnology: progresses with characterised bioreactors and a glance into the future. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2005; 28:95-107. [PMID: 16096764 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-005-0003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2005] [Accepted: 05/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Incidents with single cells and their genesis have not been the major focus of science up to now. This fact is supported by the difficulties one faces when wanting to monitor and cultivate small populations of cells in a defined compartment under controlled conditions, in vitro. Several approaches of up- and down-scaling have often led to poorly understood results which might be better elucidated by understanding the cellular genesis as a function of its microenvironment. This review of the approaches of scale-up and scale-down processes illustrates technical possibilities and shows up their limitations with regard to obtainable data for the characterisation of cellular genesis and impact of the cellular microenvironment. For example, stem cell research advances underline the lack of information about the impact of the microenvironment on cellular development. Finally, a proposal of future research efforts is given on how to overcome this lack of data via a novel bioreactor setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Michael Meier
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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50
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Schügerl K, Hubbuch J. Integrated bioprocesses. Curr Opin Microbiol 2005; 8:294-300. [PMID: 15939352 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2005.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2005] [Accepted: 01/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Integrated bioprocesses have been developed to optimise yield and cost-effectiveness of production of low and high molecular weight molecules. Low molecular weight products are removed from the cultivation medium with in situ extraction, in situ adsorption or crystallisation to avoid product inhibition. One-pot processes are being developed to replace two-stage reactions. Recent developments in the integrated purification of high molecular weight products focus mainly on the integration of solid/liquid separation and initial product recovery such as expanded bed adsorption or extraction in aqueous two-phase systems. Additionally, new approaches for a more efficient processing of inclusion bodies have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Schügerl
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, University Hannover, Callinstr. 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
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