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Isoldi S, Viola F, Cucchiara S, Dilillo A, Iorfida D, Testi AM, Fiorentino F, Mallardo S. Management of collagenous gastritis in children: Case series and literature review. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023:10.1007/s12664-023-01472-3. [PMID: 37971571 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01472-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis (CG) is a rare histopathological finding on gastric biopsies in children. It is associated with abdominal pain and iron deficiency anemia, usually not respondent to oral iron supplements. The aim of this study was to describe our experience in the management of pediatric patients with CG. Moreover, we propose to review the literature on this topic. We retrospectively reviewed all pediatric patients diagnosed with CG at our centre from January 2014 to January 2019. Three pediatric patients (2 F, mean age 12.3) were diagnosed with CG during the study period. Two presented with moderate and one with severe anemia. Symptoms were abdominal pain, asthenia and headache in two and asthenia and abdominal pain in one. All underwent upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. All were firstly started with oral iron supplements with no benefit, principally due to poor compliance secondary to the worsening of the epigastric pain and proton pump inhibitor resistance. Therefore, they underwent ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) infusion with good clinical and laboratory response. Patients received a mean of two infusions/year, with stable hemoglobin levels and no adverse outcomes. Our review failed to identify a consistent response to specific treatments. Considering the apparent benign nature of the disease, symptomatic and supportive treatments are advisable. Iron deficiency anemia is largely present and therapy with oral iron supplements is not always successful. In our study, FCM infusion was effective in increasing the key blood indices in patients who poorly tolerated oral supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Isoldi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Via Mario Fiore, 6, Naples, Italy.
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy.
- Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy.
| | - Franca Viola
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Dilillo
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Donatella Iorfida
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Testi
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fiorentino
- Pathology Unit, Sapienza - University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Saverio Mallardo
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza - University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
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Illan Montero J, Viala J, Rebeuh J, Berthet S, Blais R, Caldari D, Lasfargue M, Henaff GL, Mas E, Rustom-Pecciarini N, Berrebi D, Henno S, Dabadie A. Collagenous gastritis in children: A national cohort. Arch Pediatr 2023:S0929-693X(23)00079-9. [PMID: 37236887 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen gastritis is a rare disease that manifests in children mainly as isolated gastric involvement associated with martial deficiency anemia. There are no recommendations for the management and follow-up of these patients. We aimed to describe the clinical data, endoscopic findings, and treatments deployed in France's children with collagenous gastritis. METHODS All French pediatric gastroenterology centers and pediatric centers for rare digestive diseases (Centres de Maladies Rares Digestives) were contacted to collect cases of collagenous gastritis, defined on gastric biopsies and diagnosed before 18 years of age. RESULTS A total of 12 cases diagnosed (4 males and 8 females) between 1995 and 2022 could be analyzed. The median age at diagnosis was 12.5 years (7-15.2). The most frequent clinical presentation was abdominal pain (6/11) and/or nonspecific symptomatology attributed to anemia (8/10). Anemia was present in all children (11/11; Hb 2.8-9.1 g/dL). Nodular gastritis was present in 10 patients (antrum: 2; fundus: 4; in antrum and fundus: 4). All patients had a basement membrane thickening (from 19 to 100 μm). The treatments received were PPI (11), oral or intravenous martial supplementation (12), budesonide (1), and prednisone (1). Martial supplementation improved anemia in all cases. At discontinuation, nine of 10 patients had a recurrence of anemia. CONCLUSION Collagenous gastritis is an exceptional condition, clinically manifested in children as abdominal pain and iron deficiency anemia probably of hemorrhagic origin. Patients require long-term follow-up and monitoring of their disease to describe the risk of progression better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Illan Montero
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Vaud (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - J Viala
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, AP-HP, 75019 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - J Rebeuh
- Department of Pediatrics, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - S Berthet
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Saint George Polyclinic, 06105 Nice, France
| | - R Blais
- Department of Pediatrics, Le Mans Hospital, 72037 Le Mans, France
| | - D Caldari
- Department of Pediatric, Mother and Child Hospital, Nantes University Hospital, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - M Lasfargue
- Department of Pediatric, Mother and Child Hospital, Grenoble University Hospital, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - G Le Henaff
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Santé Atlantique-ELSAN Polyclinic, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - E Mas
- Unité de gastroentérologie, hépatologie, nutrition et diabétologie, hôpital des Enfants, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, TSA 70034, 31300 Toulouse cedex 9, France; Inserm U1043, 31300 Toulouse, France; CNRS, U5282, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - N Rustom-Pecciarini
- Department of Pediatrics, Annecy Gennevois University Hospital, 74370 Epagny Metz-Tessy, France
| | - D Berrebi
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Department of Pediatric Pathology, Robert Debré University and Necker Hospital, AP-HP, 75019 and 75015 Paris, France
| | - S Henno
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Pontchaillou, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - A Dabadie
- Department of Pediatrics, Rennes South University Hospital, 35200 Rennes, France.
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Zheng QH, Hu J, Yi XY, Xiao XH, Zhou LN, Li B, Bo XT. Collagenous gastritis in a young Chinese woman: A case report. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5993-6001. [PMID: 36405104 PMCID: PMC9669833 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i41.5993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagenous gastritis (CG) is a rare condition whose pathogenesis may be related to immune abnormalities. We report a case of CG from China.
CASE SUMMARY A 24-year-old woman presented with recurrent abdominal distension and discomfort for 3 mo. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy found diffuse nodular elevation-depression changes in the mucosa of the entire gastric corpus. Endoscopic ultrasound showed predominant involvement of the lamina propria and submucosa, and computed tomography imaging showed mild enhancement of the gastric wall. Pathological histology revealed that the thickness of the subepithelial collagen band was about 40 μm, and the Masson trichrome staining result was positive and the Congo red staining result was negative. This case is consistent with the child-adolescent type of CG.
CONCLUSION Serum pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, pepsinogen I/II ratio, and gastrin-17 may be potential non-invasive monitoring markers. Currently, treatments for CG vary, and the likely prognosis is unknown. Individual cases of gastric cancer in patients with CG have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xu-Hua Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Li-Na Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Bo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Province, China
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Collagenous Gastritis: Characteristics and Response to Topical Budesonide. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:1977-1985.e1. [PMID: 34864160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Collagenous gastritis (CG) is a rare disorder characterized by subepithelial collagen deposition in the stomach. Standard medications have been only moderately successful in treating CG. We report results of a large, retrospective, open-label noncontrolled study of topical budesonide for CG, with an aim of establishing an alternative therapy for the disease. METHODS We identified patients treated for CG at Mayo Clinic (2000-2017) with topically targeted budesonide (TTB) in 2 formulations: open-capsule budesonide or compounded immediate-release budesonide capsule. Demographic, clinical, biochemical, and histologic variables were assessed for all patients before and after treatment. RESULTS We identified 64 patients with CG (50 adults, 14 children). Most were female (68%), mean age was 41 ± 22.8 years, and body mass index was 23.1 ± 5.9 kg/m2. In most pediatric patients, CG presented with abdominal pain and anemia; in adults, CG presented more often with weight loss (P < .001). Collagenous sprue or colitis were more common in patients >50 years of age (83%) vs those 19-50 years of age (27%) or <19 years of age (50%) (P < .001). Of the patients treated with TTB, 89% had a clinical response to TTB (42% complete, 46% partial), and 88% had a histologic response (53% complete, 33% partial). CONCLUSIONS Adults and children with CG have a wide variety of symptoms, and notably, TTB therapy produced clinical and histologic improvement after other therapy had failed.
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Beinvogl BC, Goldsmith JD, Verhave M. Pediatric Collagenous Gastritis: Clinical and Histologic Outcomes in a Large Pediatric Cohort. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2021; 73:513-519. [PMID: 34173792 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to present the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric collagenous gastritis (CG). METHOD This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients were identified via query of the institutional pathology database. Clinical data was obtained by review of medical records. RESULTS Forty patients (57.5% female) were identified, mean age 11.3 ± 3.7 years (2-16years). Isolated CG was present in 66.7%, coexisting collagenous duodenitis (CD) in 17.5%, collagenous colitis (CC) in 7.5%, and collagenous ileitis in 2.5%. Atopic comorbidities were found in 25%, autoimmune comorbidities in 12.5%. PRESENTING SYMPTOMS Abdominal pain (77.5%), vomiting (65%), anemia (57.5%), nausea (55.5%), diarrhea (32.5%), anorexia (25.0%), weight loss (25%), gastrointestinal bleed (22.5%), poor growth (20%), poor weight gain (12.5%). ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS All had abnormal endoscopic findings on esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD), most commonly gastric nodularity (77.5%), visible blood (20%), erosions/superficial ulcerations (10%), ulcers (7.5%). Histologically, all patients had increased subepithelial collagen deposition. TREATMENT A variety of medications aimed towards inflammation and symptomatic treatment were used. Patients with anemia received iron supplementation and responded. Otherwise, there was no significant association of clinical or histologic improvement with specific treatments. CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGIC OUTCOMES 87.5% reported improvement or resolution of symptoms at the last follow-up (34.8 ± 27.0 months). Persistent sub-epithelial collagen was noted in 73.1% on the last EGD. CONCLUSIONS Despite persistent findings of increased sub-epithelial collagen deposition during the follow-up period, most patients with CG show remission or resolution of clinical symptoms. Anemia responds to iron supplementation in all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate C Beinvogl
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
| | | | - Menno Verhave
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
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Genta RM, Turner KO, Morgan CJ, Sonnenberg A. Collagenous gastritis: Epidemiology and clinical associations. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:1136-1140. [PMID: 33824091 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND the rare occurrence of collagenous gastritis (CG) makes its epidemiology difficult to investigate. We designed a study to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the associations of CG with other upper gastrointestinal diseases in a large national clinicopathological database. METHODS from the IDEA database we extracted all patients with histopathologically documented CG and, in a case-control study, we compared 168 subjects with and 1,286,165 subjects without CG using odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS the prevalence of CG was 13 per 100,000 EGDs. CG was significantly more common among female than male patients (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.20-2.39) and was characterized by a bi-modal age distribution (first peak in patients aged 10-19, second peak primarily in females aged >60 years). CG patients presented with diarrhea (18%), anemia (12%), weight loss (11%), and vomiting (10%). CG was significantly associated with other lymphocytic disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, including celiac sprue (2.12, 1.55-2.88), duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytosis (3.71, 2.30-5.98), and lymphocytic gastritis (23.2, 10.9-49.5). CG persisted in 69% of patients who underwent multiple consecutive endoscopies. CONCLUSIONS the epidemiologic features of collagenous gastritis reflect on different etiologies contributing to its occurrence in children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Genta
- Inform Diagnostics, Irving, TX, United States; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
| | | | | | - Amnon Sonnenberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Portland VA Medical Center and Oregon Health and Science University, United States
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Collagenous Gastritis in Children: Incidence, Disease Course, and Associations With Autoimmunity and Inflammatory Markers. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 11:e00219. [PMID: 32955189 PMCID: PMC7431242 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis (CG), a rare disorder of unknown etiology, has been postulated to have immune-mediated mechanisms. We investigated (i) the incidence and prevalence of CG in a pediatric population; (ii) the clinical, endoscopic, and histologic characteristics of childhood-onset CG; and (iii) the evidence for autoimmunity and/or inflammatory activity in these patients.
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Collagenous Gastritis Masquerading as Eosinophilic Gastritis. ACG Case Rep J 2021; 8:e00527. [PMID: 33634200 PMCID: PMC7901789 DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000000527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 11-year-old boy presented to the gastroenterology clinic after a 5-month history of fatigue, pallor, intermittent abdominal pain, and iron-deficiency anemia. Although the initial upper endoscopy was visually normally, the histological assessment was suggestive of eosinophilic gastritis. After multiple scopes and failed therapies, histologic analysis revealed a focus of thickened subepithelial collagen deposition suggestive of collagenous gastritis. A retrospective review of gastric biopsies using Gomori trichrome stain revealed previously unappreciated collagen deposition. This case report illustrates the benefit of performing trichrome stain on gastric biopsies in the setting of persistent or isolated gastric eosinophilia or iron deficiency anemia.
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Eke CB, Brown RA, De Lacy RJ, Pillay K, Goddard EA. Collagenous gastritis: An unusual cause of generalized oedema in a child. J Trop Pediatr 2019; 65:305-308. [PMID: 30085268 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is an uncommon gastrointestinal disease in children. Its cause remains uncertain. It may present as severe hypoproteinaemia manifesting as generalized oedema. We report a 15 months old female who presented with pica, generalized body oedema and diarrhoea. Diagnostic workup revealed gastric replacement of the lamina propria by hyalinized collagen on histology. This case seeks to highlight the need for early paediatric gastroenterology referral including oesophagogastroduodenoscopy with multiple tissue biopsies as part of a broad diagnostic workup in children with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms to improve diagnostic yield and enable accurate histologic diagnosis, so that appropriate therapy can be timeously applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Eke
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robin A Brown
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ronalda J De Lacy
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Komala Pillay
- Department of Pathology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, National Health Sciences Laboratories, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth A Goddard
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Lee YJ, Lee M, Kim DJ, Lee S, Hong J. Three case reports of collagenous gastritis in children: Lessons for an endoscopic and histologic approach to mucosal nodularity of the stomach. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14870. [PMID: 30882690 PMCID: PMC6426568 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Collagenous gastritis (CG) is a rare form of chronic gastritis defined histologically by a thickened subepithelial collageneous band in the lamina propria. However, the clinical features and endoscopic findings of CG have not been clearly established in the pediatric population. PRESENTING CONCERNS We report the cases of 3 children who presented with intractable anemia and minimal or no gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and were followed up without definitive diagnosis determination even through diagnostic endoscopic evaluations. DIAGNOSES On repeated endoscopic examination, we determined thickened subepithelial collagen band, confirmed by Masson trichrome staining using targeted biopsies of the intervening mucosa between the prominent nodular lesions. INTERVENTIONS Under the diagnosis of CG, a course of steroid was administrated in 1 patient, while all patients continued oral iron replacement therapy. OUTCOMES All 3 patients remained asymptomatic and their anemia was alleviated with continued administration of oral iron. MAIN LESSONS We recommend early endoscopic evaluation for patients with unexplained anemia, emphasizing a high index of suspicion for CG, despite the absence of definitive GI symptoms. Targeted gastric biopsies should be performed in the depressed mucosa surrounding the nodules, as well as the nodules themselves, to confirm CG, when presented with nodular gastric mucosa in endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeoun Joo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan
| | - Mijeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and cell biology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine
| | - Dae-joong Kim
- Department of Anatomy and cell biology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine
| | - Seungkoo Lee
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine
- Department of Pathology, Kangwon National University Hospital
| | - Jeana Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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The differential diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori negative gastritis. Virchows Arch 2018; 473:533-550. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Collagenous gastritis is a rare disease characterized by the subepithelial deposition of collagen bands. Two phenotypes of the disease have been described: a pediatric-onset and an adult-onset type. The adult-onset form is associated with collagenous colitis and autoimmune disorders. No effective treatment has been identified to date. OBJECTIVE We aim to describe the clinical features and outcomes of patients in our cohort and provide a summary of published pediatric cases with collagenous gastritis and colitis reported to date to gather information that will contribute to improved knowledge of this rare condition. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all patients with collagenous gastritis and/or colitis who were treated at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, was performed. A literature review was also conducted. RESULTS A total of 12 cases of collagenous gastritis were reviewed. Three of 12 (25%) patients had associated collagenous colitis. The most common clinical presentation was iron deficiency anemia. Nine (75%) patients were followed up, and repeat endoscopies were performed in 8 (67%). Iron deficiency anemia resolved in all patients on oral iron supplementation. Histologic improvement was only identified in one patient with the adult phenotype who had been treated with oral corticosteroids and azathioprine. CONCLUSIONS Collagenous gastritis is a rare condition in children. A small proportion of children develop features of the "'adult" phenotype at a very young age. Patients with collagenous gastritis require long-term follow-up and monitoring of their disease. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to establish an effective therapeutic strategy.
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Akkari I, Skandrani K, Abdelkader AB, Mrabet S, Jazia EB. Anemia revealing a collagenous gastritis in a young Tunisian man. Pan Afr Med J 2018; 30:231. [PMID: 30574249 PMCID: PMC6295307 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2018.30.231.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is a rare entity, characterized by the deposition of a subepithelial collagenous band with an inflammatory infiltrate in the mucosa. We report the first Tunisian case revealed by severe anemia. Lesions were limited to the stomach and remained unchanged on 3 series biopsies during a 24 month follow up despite treatment with corticosteroids. The cause of the disease remains unknown; our findings suggest that lesions of collagenous gastritis may result from a local immune process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Akkari
- Gastroenterology Department, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Karim Skandrani
- Gastroenterology Department, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Soumaya Mrabet
- Gastroenterology Department, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Elhem Ben Jazia
- Gastroenterology Department, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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Lim HW, Wong BY, Elkowitz D, Sultan K. An elderly patient's complete response to steroid therapy for collagenous gastritis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2018; 9:143-146. [PMID: 30065811 DOI: 10.1177/2040622318759628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An 85-year-old woman presented with 9.1 kg (20 lb) weight loss over 5 months and an acute onset crampy abdominal pain. Examination revealed a diffusely tender abdomen, with gastric wall thickening noted on CT scan. Upper endoscopy showed diffuse severe erythema and friability. Histologic examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed collagenous gastritis characterized by active chronic inflammation with sub-epithelial collagen deposition and erosion. The patient was started on steroid therapy with rapid clinical improvement and tapered off over 2.5 months. At 6 months, the patient reported an improved appetite with resolution of her abdominal pain. Repeat endoscopy revealed a grossly normal stomach and normal mucosal biopsies. She remains without complaints 1 year later. Collagenous gastritis, rare in the elderly, is a histologic diagnosis characterized by the deposition of a sub-epithelial collagen band thicker than 10 µm with an inflammatory infiltrate. In all ages the mucosa typically appears nodular and erythematous, caused by an uneven inflammation in the surrounding depressed mucosa with atrophic changes. Specific therapy has not been well-established, and the prognosis and potential for endoscopic or histological resolution remains unclear. While anecdotal, the success of steroids may offer a reasonable starting point for treatment of similar cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Wen Lim
- Northwell Health, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | | | | | - Keith Sultan
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
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Collagenous Gastritis and Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Mere Coincidence? ACG Case Rep J 2017; 4:e69. [PMID: 29367938 PMCID: PMC5569944 DOI: 10.14309/crj.2017.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 21-year-old woman presented to our clinic after 7 years of abdominal pain,
diarrhea, and iron-deficiency anemia. Initial upper endoscopy revealed severe
inflammation and nodularity of the gastric body and active Helicobacter
pylori infection. After eradication therapy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy
showed gastric atrophy with nodularity resolution. Histopathology revealed scattered
plasma cells, eosinophils, and collagen deposition suggestive of collagenous
gastritis. H. pylori can induce proinflammatory cytokines, resulting
in fibroblast upregulation. Collagenous gastritis may be caused by an inflammatory
response associated with type I, II, and III collagen. Although further research is
warranted, we hypothesize that chronic inflammation from H. pylori
may lead to collagenous gastritis.
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A Comparative Clinicopathologic Study of Collagenous Gastritis in Children and Adults. Am J Surg Pathol 2015; 39:802-12. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Arnason T, Brown IS, Goldsmith JD, Anderson W, O'Brien BH, Wilson C, Winter H, Lauwers GY. Collagenous gastritis: a morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 40 patients. Mod Pathol 2015; 28:533-44. [PMID: 25234289 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2014.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is a rare condition defined histologically by a superficial subepithelial collagen layer. This study further characterizes the morphologic spectrum of collagenous gastritis by evaluating a multi-institutional series of 40 patients (26 female and 14 male). The median age at onset was 16 years (range 3-89 years), including 24 patients (60%) under age 18. Twelve patients (30%) had associated celiac disease, collagenous sprue, or collagenous colitis. Hematoxylin and eosin slides were reviewed in biopsies from all patients and tenascin, gastrin, eotaxin, and IgG4/IgG immunohistochemical stains were applied to a subset. The distribution of subepithelial collagen favored the body/fundus in pediatric patients and the antrum in adults. There were increased surface intraepithelial lymphocytes (>25 lymphocytes/100 epithelial cells) in five patients. Three of these patients had associated celiac and/or collagenous sprue/colitis, while the remaining two had increased duodenal lymphocytosis without specific etiology. An eosinophil-rich pattern (>30 eosinophils/high power field) was seen in 21/40 (52%) patients. Seven patients' biopsies demonstrated atrophy of the gastric corpus mucosa. Tenascin immunohistochemistry highlighted the subepithelial collagen in all 21 specimens evaluated and was a more sensitive method of collagen detection in biopsies from two patients with subtle subepithelial collagen. No increased eotaxin expression was identified in 16 specimens evaluated. One of the twenty-three biopsies tested had increased IgG4-positive cells (100/high power field) with an IgG4/IgG ratio of 55%. In summary, collagenous gastritis presents three distinct histologic patterns including a lymphocytic gastritis-like pattern, an eosinophil-rich pattern, and an atrophic pattern. Eotaxin and IgG4 were not elevated enough to implicate these pathways in the pathogenesis. Tenascin immunohistochemistry can be used as a sensitive method of collagen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Arnason
- 1] Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [2] Division of Anatomical Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ian S Brown
- 1] Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia [2] Envoi Pathology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeffrey D Goldsmith
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Boston, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Claire Wilson
- Providence Alaska Medical Center, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Harland Winter
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory Y Lauwers
- Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Soeda A, Mamiya T, Hiroshima Y, Sugiyama H, Shidara S, Dai Y, Nakahara A, Ikezawa K. Collagenous gastroduodenitis coexisting repeated Dieulafoy ulcer: A case report and review of collagenous gastritis and gastroduodenitis without colonic involvement. Clin J Gastroenterol 2014; 7:402-9. [PMID: 26184019 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-014-0526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis (CG) is a rare disorder characterized by the thick collagenous subepithelial bands associated with mucosal inflammation. There have been approximately fifty reports in the literature since it was first described in 1989. According to previous reports, CG is heterogeneous and classified into two groups-(1) cases limited to the gastric mucosa in children or young adults, and (2) CG associated with collagenous colitis in elderly adults presenting with chronic watery diarrhea. In Japan, only nine previous cases were reported, and all of them were young adults. We report a case of CG with collagenous duodenitis in a 22-year-old female. She had repeated upper gastrointestinal bleeding from a Dieulafoy lesion of the fornix, but had no symptoms of malabsorption or diarrhea. Endoscopic findings revealed striking nodularity with a smooth islet-shaped normal area in the antrum and the body. The pathological findings of nodular mucosa showed the deposition of collagen bands just under the mucoepithelial lesion. In addition, she had collagenous duodenitis in part of the bulbs, and a colonoscopy showed no abnormalities. We provide a literature review of CG and collagenous gastroduodenitis without colonic involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Soeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, 1187-299 Kaname, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan,
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Nielsen OH, Riis LB, Danese S, Bojesen RD, Soendergaard C. Proximal collagenous gastroenteritides: clinical management. A systematic review. Ann Med 2014; 46:311-7. [PMID: 24716737 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2014.899102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM While collagenous colitis represents the most common form of the collagenous gastroenteritides, the collagenous entities affecting the proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract are much less recognized and possibly overlooked. The aim was to summarize the latest information through a systematic review of collagenous gastritis, collagenous sprue, and a combination thereof. METHOD The search yielded 117 studies which were suitable for inclusion in the systematic review. Excluding repeated cases, 89 case reports and 28 case series were reported, whereas no prospective studies with or without control groups were identified. Further, no randomized, controlled trials were identified. The total number of patients with proximal collagenous gastroenteritides reported was 330. RESULTS An overview of clinical presentations, prognosis, pathophysiology and histopathology, as well as management of these disorders is presented. The prognosis of both collagenous gastritis and sprue seems not to be as dismal as considered previously. Data point to involvement of immune or autoimmune mechanisms potentially driven by luminal antigens initiating the fibroinflammatory condition. CONCLUSIONS To reach the diagnosis it is recommended that biopsies are obtained during gastroduodenoscopies. Therapies with anti-secretory strategies, glucocorticoids, and in some cases iron supplementation are suggested, although rational treatment options from randomized, controlled trials do not exist for these rare or even overlooked disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Haagen Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Denmark
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20
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Tanabe J, Yasumaru M, Tsujimoto M, Iijima H, Hiyama S, Nishio A, Sasayama Y, Kawai N, Oshita M, Abe T, Kawano S. A case of collagenous gastritis resembling nodular gastritis in endoscopic appearance. Clin J Gastroenterol 2013; 6:442-6. [PMID: 26182135 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-013-0431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A 25-year-old Japanese female was referred to our clinic for the investigation of moderate iron-deficiency anemia and epigastralgia. Endoscopic examination showed diffuse mucosal nodules in the gastric body resembling nodular gastritis, but this pattern was not observed in the antrum. Histology of the gastric biopsies taken from the gastric body showed mild atrophic mucosa with chronic active inflammation. Some of the biopsy specimens showed deposition of patchy, band-like subepithelial collagen. Four years later, the patient showed no clinical symptoms and signs. A follow-up endoscopic examination showed similar findings, which mimicked pseudopolyposis or a cobblestone-like appearance. The biopsy specimens from the depressed mucosa between the nodules revealed a thickened subepithelial collagen band with no improvement, which led to a diagnosis of collagenous gastritis. Treatment with oral administration of proton-pump inhibitors and histamine-2-receptor antagonists had proved ineffective. To make a correct diagnosis of collagenous gastritis, we should determine the characteristic endoscopic findings and take biopsies from the depressed mucosa between the nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tanabe
- Teramoto Memorial Nishitenma Clinic, AS Building 3F, 3-13-20 Nishitenma, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-0043, Japan.
| | | | | | - Hideki Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Akira Nishio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sasayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teramoto Memorial Hospital, Kawachinagano, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawai
- Endoscopy Center, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Oshita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takarazuka Municipal Hospital, Takarazuka, Japan
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21
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Lauwers GY, Fujita H, Nagata K, Shimizu M. Pathology of non-Helicobacter pylori gastritis: extending the histopathologic horizons. J Gastroenterol 2010; 45:131-45. [PMID: 19967418 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-009-0146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of modern endoscopic techniques, easier and greater access to healthcare, and interest in Helicobacter pylori infection and its implications have all led to a significant increase in upper endoscopies. In turn, gastroenterologists and pathologists have been recognizing an ever-increasing number of patterns of mucosal injury. Consequently, there is now an interest in a wider aspect of non-neoplastic gastric pathology, namely, non-HP (H. pylori) gastritis. In this review, we present major clinico-pathological entities, based on either the salient morphological features or the underlying etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Y Lauwers
- Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street WRN 2, Boston, MA 02114-2696, USA.
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Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is a rare disorder first described in 1989. After encountering two cases, we decided to review the literature and evaluate the collagen band. A systematic review of PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed. Twenty-eight cases have been previously described and two patterns of presentations are identifiable: children or young adults (median age 12 years, range 2-22 years) presenting with symptoms attributable to the gastritis (anaemia and pain); and older adults (median age 52 years, range 35-77 years) presenting with loose stools, often associated with collagenous colitis or coeliac disease. Our two cases (one child and one adult) matched this pattern. Immunostaining of the collagen band for collagens II, III, IV and VI, and tenascin showed that the band in our cases was predominantly tenascin. In conclusion, collagenous gastritis is a rare entity whose presentation depends on the age of the patient. An autoimmune aetiology seems possible given its associations. Treatment is empirical. The 30 cases now reported show that the disorder can relapse or persist for years.
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23
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Lymphocytic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: a review for the practicing pathologist. Adv Anat Pathol 2009; 16:290-306. [PMID: 19700939 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0b013e3181b5073a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increased numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes (lymphocytosis) can be found in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon in a variety of clinical circumstances. This review, directed at practicing pathologists, portrays the normal resident lymphocyte population in the mucosa of each segment of the digestive tract and discusses the different situations that may result in quantitative or qualitative alterations of intraepithelial lymphocytes. Esophageal lymphocytosis has not been fully characterized and its clinical significance, if any, awaits definition. Thus, this diagnosis is presently discouraged. In the stomach, it is particularly important to exclude Helicobacter pylori infection and celiac sprue before diagnosing lymphocytic gastritis. Duodenal lymphocytic infiltrates, inextricably tied with alterations of the villous architecture of the mucosa, are often caused by gluten sensitivity. However, similar morphologic changes may be caused by a vast array of other conditions that must be carefully considered and excluded. Lymphocytic and collagenous colitis are most often unexplained, but their frequent association with autoimmune conditions or certain medications deserve a thorough investigation in each case. Using a combination of histologic and clinical clues, a cause for the intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltration can be identified in many instances. As some of the associated conditions are amenable to effective treatment, the importance of diligently seeking such associations before resorting to a diagnosis of primary lymphocytosis is emphasized.
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24
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Collagenous gastritis, a new spectrum of disease in pediatric patients: two case reports. CASES JOURNAL 2009; 2:7511. [PMID: 19829984 PMCID: PMC2740095 DOI: 10.4076/1757-1626-2-7511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is a rare gastrointestinal disorder characterized in pediatrics by abdominal pain and anemia. The literature divides collagenous gastritis into distinct pediatric-onset and adult-onset phenotypes. As opposed to pediatric form, the adult form is associated with collagenous colitis and presents clinically with voluminous non-bloody diarrhea. There are over 25 case reports of collagenous gastritis of which 10 are pediatric cases. We present two cases of pediatric onset collagenous gastritis: one with a classic pediatric presentation, the other with findings typical of adult-onset disease. This is the first report of the adult-onset phenotype collagenous gastritis in a pediatric patient.
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25
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Collagenous gastritis: histopathologic features and association with other gastrointestinal diseases. Am J Surg Pathol 2009; 33:788-98. [PMID: 19295410 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0b013e318196a67f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis (CG) characterized by the deposition of a subepithelial collagen band and accompanying inflammatory infiltrate is a rare disorder. The natural history and pathogenesis of CG remain unclear. We describe the histologic features (23 gastric, 18 duodenal, and 4 colonic biopsies) and clinical findings of an additional 12 cases. Histologic features including active or chronic inflammation, surface epithelial injury, intraepithelial lymphocytosis, intestinal metaplasia, and Helicobacter pylori, and measurement of thickness of subepithelial collagenous band were evaluated in gastric biopsies. The clinical features, endoscopic findings, and follow-up were obtained and correlated with histologic features. There was an even number of males (n=6) and females (n=6). Four patients were children/young adults, 3 of whom (75%) presented with anemia and gastric nodularity. Eight patients were adults, 6 of whom (75%) had an associated autoimmune disease (1 with Hashimoto thyroiditis and polymyositis) or other intestinal disease (3 with celiac sprue, 1 with collagenous colitis, 1 with collagenous sprue), in contrast to none in the 4 children/young adults, P=0.06. The range of subepithelial collagen thickness was 15 to 120 microm in CG. The collagenous layer showed surface epithelial injury and entrapped inflammatory cells. On presentation, the thickened collagen distribution in the antrum and body was variably patchy and diffuse. Four (33%) patients showed lymphocytic gastritis (3 within the same biopsy); one of these patients also had celiac sprue and another had collagenous sprue. Three (25%) patients had celiac sprue (2 had duodenal biopsy proven and 1 had a clinical diagnosis of celiac sprue). An additional patient had duodenal biopsies showing collagenous sprue. Four patients had follow-up biopsies during a 3 to 119-month period after the diagnosis of CG. CG persisted on the follow-up gastric biopsies in 3 (75%) of the 4 patients, and the other patient had lymphocytic gastritis, a finding not seen in previous biopsies. CG is a rare disorder with a distinct presentation and association in pediatric and adult patients. An absence of associated intestinal and autoimmune diseases characterizes the pediatric population. Association with lymphocytic gastritis, celiac or collagenous sprue, collagenous colitis, and autoimmune disorders are frequently seen in adult patients.
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26
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27
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Benchimol EI, Kirsch R, Viero S, Griffiths AM. Collagenous colitis and eosinophilic gastritis in a 4-year old girl: a case report and review of the literature. Acta Paediatr 2007; 96:1365-7. [PMID: 17718794 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Collagenous colitis (CC), a form of microscopic colitis, is characterized by a thick subepithelial collagen layer in the colon in the presence of chronic nonbloody watery diarrhoea and macroscopically normal-appearing colonic mucosa. Typically affecting elderly adults, CC is rare in children with only 12 cases previously reported in the literature. We report the case of a 4-year-old girl with CC associated with eosinophilic gastritis, which was clinically responsive to treatment with ketotifen, a benzocycloheptathiophene derivative, and H(1) class of antihistamine that stabilizes mast cells and potentially impairs eosinophil migration to target organs. We review the published cases of paediatric-onset CC and summarize the links between eosinophils and CC in the clinical and basic science literature. CONCLUSION CC is a rare cause of chronic diarrhoea in children and may relate to mast cell and eosinophil activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Benchimol
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Ravikumara M, Ramani P, Spray CH. Collagenous gastritis: a case report and review. Eur J Pediatr 2007; 166:769-73. [PMID: 17453238 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-007-0450-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we report a case of collagenous gastritis in a child and review the paediatric cases reported to date. Collagenous gastritis is a rare entity, with only less than 30 cases reported so far, including 12 children, since the first description of this entity by Colletti and Trainer in 1989. This is a histological diagnosis characterised by a dramatically thickened subepithelial collagen band in the gastric mucosa associated with an inflammatory infiltrate. Children with this condition often present with epigastric pain and severe anaemia, with no evidence of extragastric involvement, in contrast to the adult patients, where chronic watery diarrhoea is the main presentation due to associated collagenous colitis. A macroscopic pattern of gastritis with nodularity of gastric mucosa, erythema and erosions are characteristic endoscopic findings in paediatric patients. Specific therapy has not been established and resolution of the abnormalities, either endoscopic or histological, has not been documented. In conclusion, collagenous gastritis is a rare entity of unknown aetiology, pathogenesis and prognosis. Gastroenterologists and pathologists need to be aware of this condition when evaluating a child with epigastric pain, anaemia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding, particularly when endoscopy reveals the nodularity of gastric mucosa. The identification, reporting and long-term follow-up of cases will shed more light on this puzzling condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhur Ravikumara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK
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29
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Kamimura K, Kobayashi M, Narisawa R, Watanabe H, Sato Y, Honma T, Sekine A, Aoyagi Y. Collagenous gastritis: endoscopic and pathologic evaluation of the nodularity of gastric mucosa. Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:995-1000. [PMID: 17342397 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Kamimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Asahimachi 1-757, Niigata 951-8122, Japan.
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30
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Abstract
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori and its intimate role in the development of the most common form of chronic gastritis has elicited a much-needed interest in non-neoplastic gastric pathology. This has been paralleled by an increase in upper endoscopic examinations, which allow recognition of novel patterns and distribution of mucosal injury. Numerous attempts at classification have been made, most based on the acuteness or chronicity of gastric mucosal injury. In this review, we will not offer a new classification but present a detailed description of the major clinicopathological entities, based either on the salient morphological features or the underlying aetiologies, i.e. iatrogenic, autoimmune, vascular or idiopathic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center and Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA
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31
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Abstract
Collagenous gastritis, a counterpart of collagenous colitis, is an extremely rare disorder. The first case of collagenous gastritis in a Korean boy in his pre-teens who had been receiving treatment for refractory iron deficiency anemia has been reported. The patient had been suffering from intermittent abdominal pain, recurrent blood-tinged vomiting and poor oral intake. The gastric endoscopy revealed diffuse cobblestone appearance of the mucosa with easy touch bleeding throughout the stomach but no abnormalities in the esophagus, duodenum, and colon. Pathologic examination of the gastric biopsies from the antrum, body and cardia showed a subepithelial collagen deposition with entrapped dilated capillaries, moderate infiltrates of lympho-plasma cells and eosinophils of the lamina propria, and marked hypertrophy of the muscularis mucosa. The collagen deposition appeared as discontinuous bands with focally irregular extension into the deeper part of the antral mucosa. It measured up to 150 microm. Helicobacter pylori infection was not detected. The biopsies from the duodenum, esophagus and colon revealed no pathologic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghui Park
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Ho Choe
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Lim Suh
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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32
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Carcelén Andrés J, Barroso Péez C, Fábrega Bosacoma C, Feal Cortizas B, Gallego Lago V, Hidalgo Albert E, Pozas del Río MT, Revert Molina-Niñirola A, Valderde Molina E, Wood Wood MA. Inhibidores de la bomba de protones en pediatría. FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA 2005; 29:43-54. [PMID: 15773802 DOI: 10.1016/s1130-6343(05)73635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In last years the use in the pediatric area of proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole and esomeprazole) is more often, nevertheless the clinical trials carried out are poor. The aim of this work is to analyse the bibliography published about this kind of drugs in children and to make a revision of its use in the last seven years. More studies with omeprazole and lansoprazole have been developed, to be exact omeprazole and lansoprazole is present in 122 bibliographic appointments and 34 for lansoprazole, which include studies that demonstrate a good tolerance and efficacy. The remaining proton pump inhibitors count with very few studies. The main therapeutic indications were the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, gastroesophageal reflux disease and esophagitis. The number of patients included in the reviewed studies is quite heterogeneous, from 8 to 122 and the age range between 8 days and 17 years. On the other hand, it could be highlighted the non-existence of formulations adapted to the pediatric population and the difficulty of administration specially in the youngest patients. As in many other drugs, it would be necessary to carry out clinical trials in order to determinate the pharmacologic parameters at difference ages, which will allow a safe and effective administration, and its authorization by all Health Authorities.
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33
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Wang HL, Shah AG, Yerian LM, Cohen RD, Hart J. Collagenous gastritis: an unusual association with profound weight loss. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2004; 128:229-32. [PMID: 14736276 DOI: 10.5858/2004-128-229-cgauaw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is a distinctive disorder characterized by thickening of the subepithelial collagen layer in the gastric mucosa. Although this entity was recognized in 1989, its etiology, pathogenesis, and clinicopathologic features remain poorly understood because of its rarity. An unusual case of collagenous gastritis was observed in a 37-year-old man who presented with profound weight loss, a feature that has not previously been emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin L Wang
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo 63110-1093, USA.
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34
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Camarero C, Leon F, Colino E, Redondo C, Alonso M, Gonzalez C, Roy G. Collagenous colitis in children: clinicopathologic, microbiologic, and immunologic features. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2003; 37:508-13. [PMID: 14508225 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200310000-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Camarero
- Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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35
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Abstract
Collagenous gastritis, a counterpart of collagenous colitis, is a rare disorder with less than 20 cases reported in the literature. A case of collagenous gastritis in a Japanese woman in her early 20s who had been receiving treatment for atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma is reported. The patient complained of repeated epigastric pain, and endoscopy revealed multifocal atrophic areas and scars in the gastric body. Biopsy specimens showed a thickened eosinophilic band-like structure with entrapped capillaries approximately 30-70 micro m thick beneath the surface epithelium. It was regarded as a collagen band because it was positive on Azan staining but negative on amyloid staining. This finding was accompanied by marked infiltration of mononuclear cells and eosinophils in the lamina propria; however, no evidence of lymphocytic gastritis was found. Helicobacter pylori infection was not detected and inflammatory cell infiltration was minimal in the mucosa without the collagen band. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the band was positive for type III and type VI collagen. The size of the collagen band did not change for 2 years. These findings suggest that subepithelial collagen deposition was due to an abnormal local immune response based on generalized allergic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Kajino
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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36
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Stancu M, De Petris G, Palumbo TP, Lev R. Collagenous gastritis associated with lymphocytic gastritis and celiac disease. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001; 125:1579-84. [PMID: 11735694 DOI: 10.5858/2001-125-1579-cgawlg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is a rare disorder, with only 8 cases reported in the literature, 2 in children and 6 in adults. We report an additional case of collagenous gastritis in a 42-year-old man with celiac disease. A thickened (>10 microm) subepithelial collagen band with entrapped capillaries, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells was seen in the stomach, associated with lymphocytic gastritis. The duodenal mucosa showed severe villous atrophy but no subepithelial collagen deposition. No evidence of lymphocytic or collagenous colitis was found in the colon. The patient became symptom-free on a gluten exclusion diet and showed partial improvement of histopathologic findings after 3 months. Collagenous gastritis is a rare disease, but a wider recognition of its histopathologic features and clinical associations may bring more cases to light and provide additional clues in determining its etiology and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stancu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University, Providence, RI 02908, USA
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Winslow JL, Trainer TD, Colletti RB. Collagenous gastritis: a long-term follow-up with the development of endocrine cell hyperplasia, intestinal metaplasia, and epithelial changes indeterminate for dysplasia. Am J Clin Pathol 2001; 116:753-8. [PMID: 11710694 DOI: 10.1309/3wm2-thu3-3q2a-dp47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This report reviews the literature pertaining to collagenous gastritis and describes the clinicopathologic evolution of this disease in a patient during a 12-year period. We examined 109 biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa from 19 different endoscopic procedures for the severity and distribution of collagenous gastritis in a single patient. Assessments were undertaken for the presence of endocrine and gastrin cell hyperplasias and dysplastic epithelial changes. Relative to biopsy specimens from age- and sex-matched control subjects, the patient's biopsy specimens showed a significantly lower number of antral gastrin cells, along with a significant corpus endocrine cell hyperplasia, suggesting an increased risk of endocrine neoplasia. Gastric corpus biopsy specimens revealed an active, chronic gastritis, subepithelial collagen deposition, smooth muscle hyperplasia, and mild to moderate glandular atrophy. Additional findings of intestinal metaplasia and reactive epithelial changes indeterminate for dysplasia raise concerns about the potential for adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Winslow
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05401, USA
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Lagorce-Pages C, Fabiani B, Bouvier R, Scoazec JY, Durand L, Flejou JF. Collagenous gastritis: a report of six cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2001; 25:1174-9. [PMID: 11688577 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-200109000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Collagenous gastritis is an exceptional entity with eight cases documented to date characterized by the presence of a thick subepithelial collagen band associated with an inflammatory infiltrate of the gastric mucosa. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical and histologic characteristics of six new cases of collagenous gastritis. All cases showed a subepithelial collagen band that averaged 30 microm but often measured up to 120 microm. This finding was almost always accompanied by mixed chronic inflammation in the lamina propria and by surface epithelial damage of varying severity. Our study seems to delineate two subsets in patients with collagenous gastritis: 1) collagenous gastritis occurring in children and young adults presenting with severe anemia, a nodular pattern on endoscopy, and a disease limited to the gastric mucosa without evidence of colonic involvement, and 2) collagenous gastritis associated with collagenous colitis occurring in adult patients presenting with chronic watery diarrhea. These findings highlight the fact that subepithelial collagen deposition may be a generalized disease affecting the entire gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lagorce-Pages
- Services d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
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Meunier S, Villard F, Bouvier R, Lachaux A, Bertrand Y. [Collagen gastritis, an unusual cause of anemia in children. Report of 2 cases]. Arch Pediatr 2001; 8:47-50. [PMID: 11218583 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(00)00166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED When a child presents a severe anemia or resistant to iron supplementation, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy has to be realized to find special causes. CASE REPORTS We report observations of two patients, respectively 11 and 12 years old, who were admitted to hospital for a severe microcytic, hypochromic, aregenerative anemia (hemoglobin less than 50 g/L) due to an iron deficiency. The two children's history did not reveal a deficient diet, gastrointestinal tract disorder, ingested toxic or gastrotoxic drugs, or exteriorized hemorrhage. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a macroscopic pattern of gastritis. The stomach biopsies revealed subepithelial collagenous deposits. CONCLUSION The collagenous gastritis involves lesions similar to those described in the small intestine (collagenous sprue) and colon (collagenous colitis). The pathogenic factors of the three entities are presently unknown, but they are often associated with autoimmune pathology. These two observations are the third and the fourth pediatric cases described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Meunier
- Service d'hématologie pédiatrique, hôpital Debrousse, rue Soeur-Bouvier, 69322 Lyon cedex 05, France
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dohil
- Division of Gastroenterology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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