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Pereira-Silva M, Hadad H, de Jesus LK, de Freitas Santana Oliveira ME, de Almeida JM, Nímia HH, Magro Filho O, Okamoto R, Macedo SB, Palmieri Junior CF, Souza FÁ. Ozone therapy effect in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw as prevention or treatment: microtomographic, confocal laser microscopy and histomorphometric analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:151. [PMID: 38360985 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ozone therapy in the preoperative (prevention) and/or postoperative (treatment) of MRONJ. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were caudally treated with zoledronic acid (ZOL) and to ozone therapy before extraction (prevention, POG), after extraction (treatment, TOG), or both (prevention and treatment, TPOG), and treated with saline (SAL). The animals received intramuscular fluorochrome (calcein and alizarin), and 28 days postoperatively, they were euthanized, and the tissues were subjected to microtomographic computed tomography (microCT), LASER confocal, and histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS Micro-CT showed a higher bone volume fraction average in all groups than that in the ZOL group (P < 0.001), the ZOL group showed high porosity (P = 0.03), and trabecular separation was greater in the TOG group than in the POG group (P < 0.05). The mineral apposition rate of the POG group was high (20.46 ± 6.31) (P < 0.001), followed by the TOG group (20.32 ± 7.4). The TOG group presented the highest mean newly formed bone area (68.322 ± 25.296) compared with the ZOL group (P < 0.05), followed by the SAL group (66.039 ± 28.379) and ZOL groups (60.856 ± 28.425). CONCLUSIONS Ozone therapy modulated alveolar bone repair in animals treated with ZOL, mainly after surgery trauma, leading to bone formation as healing tissue. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Osteonecrosis has been a challenge in dentistry, and owing to the lack of a consensus regarding therapy, studies presenting new therapies are important, and ozone has been one of the therapies explored empirically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maísa Pereira-Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Hadad
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil
| | - Laís Kawamata de Jesus
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Freitas Santana Oliveira
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil
| | - Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Helena Nímia
- Department of Dental Materials and Prothesis, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Magro Filho
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil
| | - Roberta Okamoto
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marechal Rondon Highway, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16066840, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Bruzadelli Macedo
- Department of Dentistry, University of Brasília (UnB), Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70297-400, Brazil
| | - Celso Fernando Palmieri Junior
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSU), Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Francisley Ávila Souza
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifácio Street, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015050, Brazil.
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Fiecke C, Simsek S, Sharma AK, Gallaher DD. Effect of red wheat, aleurone, and testa layers on colon cancer biomarkers, nitrosative stress, and gut microbiome composition in rats. Food Funct 2023; 14:9617-9634. [PMID: 37814914 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03438k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
We previously found greater reduction of colon cancer (CC) biomarkers for red wheat compared to white wheat regardless of refinement state. In the present study we examined whether the phenolic-rich aleurone and testa layers are drivers of chemoprevention by red wheat and their influence on gut microbiota composition using a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced CC rat model. Rats were fed a low-fat diet (16% of energy as fat), high-fat diet (50% of energy as fat), or high-fat diet containing whole red wheat, refined red wheat, refined white wheat, or aleurone- or testa-enriched fractions for 12 weeks. Morphological markers (aberrant crypt foci, ACF) were assessed after methylene blue staining and biochemical markers (3-nitrotyrosine [3-NT], Dclk1) by immunohistochemical determination of staining positivity within aberrant crypts. Gut microbiota composition was evaluated from 16S rRNA gene sequencing of DNA extracted from cecal contents. Relative to the high-fat diet, the whole and refined red wheat, refined white wheat, and testa-enriched fraction decreased ACF, while only the refined red wheat and aleurone-enriched fraction decreased 3-NT. No significant differences were observed for Dclk1. An increase in microbial diversity was observed for the aleurone-enriched fraction (ACE index) and whole red wheat (Inverse Simpson Index). The diet groups significantly modified overall microbiome composition, including altered abundances of Lactobacillus, Mucispirillum, Phascolarctobacterium, and Blautia coccoides. These results suggest that red wheat may reduce CC risk through modifications to the gut microbiota and nitrosative stress, which may be due, in part, to the influence of dietary fiber and the phenolic-rich aleurone layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsey Fiecke
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - Senay Simsek
- North Dakota State University, Department of Plant Sciences, Cereal Science Graduate Program, Fargo, ND, 58105, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar Sharma
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Daniel D Gallaher
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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Salvatori L, Malatesta S, Illi B, Somma MP, Fionda C, Stabile H, Fontanella RA, Gaetano C. Nitric Oxide Prevents Glioblastoma Stem Cells' Expansion and Induces Temozolomide Sensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11286. [PMID: 37511047 PMCID: PMC10379318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has high mortality and recurrence rates. Malignancy resilience is ascribed to Glioblastoma Stem Cells (GSCs), which are resistant to Temozolomide (TMZ), the gold standard for GBM post-surgical treatment. However, Nitric Oxide (NO) has demonstrated anti-cancer efficacy in GBM cells, but its potential impact on GSCs remains unexplored. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of NO, both alone and in combination with TMZ, on patient-derived GSCs. Experimentally selected concentrations of diethylenetriamine/NO adduct and TMZ were used through a time course up to 21 days of treatment, to evaluate GSC proliferation and death, functional recovery, and apoptosis. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses revealed treatment-induced effects in cell cycle and DNA damage occurrence and repair. Our results showed that NO impairs self-renewal, disrupts cell-cycle progression, and expands the quiescent cells' population. Consistently, NO triggered a significant but tolerated level of DNA damage, but not apoptosis. Interestingly, NO/TMZ cotreatment further inhibited cell cycle progression, augmented G0 cells, induced cell death, but also enhanced DNA damage repair activity. These findings suggest that, although NO administration does not eliminate GSCs, it stunts their proliferation, and makes cells susceptible to TMZ. The resulting cytostatic effect may potentially allow long-term control over the GSCs' subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Salvatori
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Malatesta
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Illi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Patrizia Somma
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosaria Anna Fontanella
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Verde C, Giordano D, Bruno S. NO and Heme Proteins: Cross-Talk between Heme and Cysteine Residues. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020321. [PMID: 36829880 PMCID: PMC9952723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme proteins are a diverse group that includes several unrelated families. Their biological function is mainly associated with the reactivity of the heme group, which-among several other reactions-can bind to and react with nitric oxide (NO) and other nitrogen compounds for their production, scavenging, and transport. The S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues, which also results from the reaction with NO and other nitrogen compounds, is a post-translational modification regulating protein activity, with direct effects on a variety of signaling pathways. Heme proteins are unique in exhibiting this dual reactivity toward NO, with reported examples of cross-reactivity between the heme and cysteine residues within the same protein. In this work, we review the literature on this interplay, with particular emphasis on heme proteins in which heme-dependent nitrosylation has been reported and those for which both heme nitrosylation and S-nitrosylation have been associated with biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Verde
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Giordano
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Bruno
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Miranda KM, Ridnour LA, Cheng RYS, Wink DA, Thomas DD. The Chemical Biology of NO that Regulates Oncogenic Signaling and Metabolism: NOS2 and Its Role in Inflammatory Disease. Crit Rev Oncog 2023; 28:27-45. [PMID: 37824385 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023047302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and the enzyme that synthesizes it, nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), have emerged as key players in inflammation and cancer. Expression of NOS2 in tumors has been correlated both with positive outcomes and with poor prognoses. The chemistry of NO is the major determinate to the biological outcome and the concentration of NO, which can range over five orders of magnitude, is critical in determining which pathways are activated. It is the activation of specific oncogenic and immunological mechanisms that shape the outcome. The kinetics of specific reactions determine the mechanisms of action. In this review, the relevant reactions of NO and related species are discussed with respect to these oncogenic and immunological signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robert Y S Cheng
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Douglas D Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Gani M, Xodo LE, Rapozzi V. Bystander effect in photosensitized prostate cancer cells with a different grade of malignancy: The role of nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide 2022; 128:25-36. [PMID: 35970264 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality based on the simultaneous action of three elements: photosensitizer, light and oxygen. This triad generates singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species that can reduce the mass of a tumor. PDT is also able to stimulate iNOS, the enzyme that generates nitric oxide (NO). The role of NO in PDT-treated cancer cells has been investigated in several studies. They showed that low iNOS/NO levels stimulate signaling pathways that promote tumor survival, while high iNOS/NO levels arrest tumor growth. There is increasing evidence that ROS/RNS control both proliferation and migration of cells in the vicinity of PDT-treated tumor cells (so-called bystander cells). In this work, we addressed the question of how NO, which is generated by weak PDT, affects bystander cells. We used a conditioned medium: medium of PDT-treated tumor cells containing the stressors produced by the cells was added to untreated cells mimicking the neighboring bystander cells to investigate whether the conditioned medium affects cell proliferation. We found that low-level NO in prostate cancer cells affects the bystander tumor cells in a manner that depends on their malignancy grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Gani
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Luigi E Xodo
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Rapozzi
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy.
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7
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Liu S, Li G, Ma D. Controllable Nitric Oxide‐Delivering Platforms for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Drug Carrier Development Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Department of Biomedical Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Guowei Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT‐MRI Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou 510630 China
| | - Dong Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Drug Carrier Development Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Department of Biomedical Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
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8
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Pillars and Gaps of S-Nitrosylation-Dependent Epigenetic Regulation in Physiology and Cancer. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121424. [PMID: 34947954 PMCID: PMC8704633 DOI: 10.3390/life11121424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a diffusible signaling molecule produced by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, which release NO during the metabolism of the amino acid arginine. NO participates in pathophysiological responses of many different tissues, inducing concentration-dependent effect. Indeed, while low NO levels generally have protective effects, higher NO concentrations induce cytotoxic/cytostatic actions. In recent years, evidences have been accumulated unveiling S-nitrosylation as a major NO-dependent post-translational mechanism ruling gene expression. S-nitrosylation is a reversible, highly regulated phenomenon in which NO reacts with one or few specific cysteine residues of target proteins generating S-nitrosothiols. By inducing this chemical modification, NO might exert epigenetic regulation through direct effects on both DNA and histones as well as through indirect actions affecting the functions of transcription factors and transcriptional co-regulators. In this light, S-nitrosylation may also impact on cancer cell gene expression programs. Indeed, it affects different cell pathways and functions ranging from the impairment of DNA damage repair to the modulation of the activity of signal transduction molecules, oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and chromatin remodelers. Nitrosylation is therefore a versatile tool by which NO might control gene expression programs in health and disease.
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Miranda KM, Ridnour LA, McGinity CL, Bhattacharyya D, Wink DA. Nitric Oxide and Cancer: When to Give and When to Take Away? Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15941-15947. [PMID: 34694129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic roles of nitric oxide (NO) during cancer progression have been important considerations since its discovery as an endogenously generated free radical. Nonetheless, the impacts of this signaling molecule can be seemingly contradictory, being both pro-and antitumorigenic, which complicates the development of cancer treatments based on the modulation of NO fluxes in tumors. At a fundamental level, low levels of NO drive oncogenic pathways, immunosuppression, metastasis, and angiogenesis, while higher levels lead to apoptosis and reduced hypoxia and also sensitize tumors to conventional therapies. However, clinical outcome depends on the type and stage of the tumor as well as the tumor microenvironment. In this Viewpoint, the current understanding of the concentration, spatial, and temporal dependence of responses to NO is correlated with potential treatment and prevention technologies and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Miranda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Christopher L McGinity
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Dana Bhattacharyya
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - David A Wink
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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Orenha RP, Morgon NH, Silva GCG, Caramori GF, Parreira RLT. The π-donor/acceptor trans effect on NO release in ruthenium nitrosyl complexes: a computational insight. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00939g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The NO release using ruthenium tetraamine complexes was finally elucidated from DFT calculations, highlighting the influence of the acidic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Pereira Orenha
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas
- Universidade de Franca
- Franca
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Giovanni Finoto Caramori
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
- Campus Universitário Trindade
- CP 476
- Florianópolis
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Saleh M, Virarkar M, Bura V, Valenzuela R, Javadi S, Szklaruk J, Bhosale P. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: pathogenesis, current staging, and radiological findings. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:3662-3680. [PMID: 32417933 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02559-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To this date, it is a major oncological challenge to optimally diagnose, stage, and manage intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Imaging can not only diagnose and stage ICC, but it can also guide management. Hence, imaging is indispensable in the management of ICC. In this article, we review the pathology, epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, staging, pathology, radiology, and treatment of ICC.
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12
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Orsini SS, James KL, Reyes DJ, Couto‐Rodriguez RL, Gulko MK, Witte A, Carroll RK, Rice KC. Bacterial-like nitric oxide synthase in the haloalkaliphilic archaeon Natronomonas pharaonis. Microbiologyopen 2020; 9:e1124. [PMID: 33306280 PMCID: PMC7658456 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial nitric oxide (NO) synthases (bNOS) play diverse and important roles in microbial physiology, stress resistance, and virulence. Although bacterial and mammalian NOS enzymes have been well-characterized, comparatively little is known about the prevalence and function of NOS enzymes in Archaea. Analysis of archaeal genomes revealed that highly conserved bNOS homologs were restricted to members of the Halobacteria. Of these, Natronomonas pharaonis NOS (npNOS) was chosen for further characterization. NO production was confirmed in heterologously expressed His-tagged npNOS by coupling nitrite production from N-hydroxy-L-arginine in an H2O2-supported reaction. Additionally, the nos gene was successfully targeted and disrupted to create a Nmn. pharaonis nos mutant by adapting an established Natrialba magadii transformation protocol. Genome re-sequencing of this mutant revealed an additional frameshift in a putative cation-acetate symporter gene, which could contribute to altered acetate metabolism in the nos mutant. Inactivation of Nmn. pharaonis nos was also associated with several phenotypes congruent with bacterial nos mutants (altered growth, increased oxygen consumption, increased pigment, increased UV susceptibility), suggesting that NOS function may be conserved between bacteria and archaea. These studies are the first to describe genetic inactivation and characterization of a Nmn. pharaonis gene and provides enhanced tools for probing its physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia S. Orsini
- Department of Microbiology and Cell ScienceIFASUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Present address:
Pharma ServicesViral Vector ServicesThermo Fisher ScientificAlachuaFLUSA
| | - Kimberly L. James
- Department of Microbiology and Cell ScienceIFASUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Destiny J. Reyes
- Department of Microbiology and Cell ScienceIFASUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Present address:
Pharma ServicesViral Vector ServicesThermo Fisher ScientificAlachuaFLUSA
| | | | - Miriam K. Gulko
- Department OesterheltMax Planck Institut für BiochemieMartinsriedGermany
| | - Angela Witte
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and GeneticsMPL LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Kelly C. Rice
- Department of Microbiology and Cell ScienceIFASUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
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de Farias JO, de Freitas Lima SM, Rezende TMB. Physiopathology of nitric oxide in the oral environment and its biotechnological potential for new oral treatments: a literature review. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4197-4212. [PMID: 33057827 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A narrative review on the NO properties and their relationship with the oral environment describing NO's molecular origin, role, and perspectives regarding oral pathological, physiological, and regenerative processes for future applications and possible use as prevention or treatment in dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pubmed was searched using the word "nitric oxide." Reviews, clinical studies, and experimental studies were eligible for the screening process. Similar search procedures were then performed with the additional search words "conservative dentistry," "orthodontics," "endodontics," "implants," "periodontics," "oral cancer," "pulp revascularization," and "oral surgery." Furthermore, references of included articles were examined to identify further relevant articles. RESULTS There is a relationship between NO production and oral diseases such as caries, periodontal diseases, pulp inflammation, apical periodontitis, oral cancer, with implants, and orthodontics. Studies on this relationship and uses of NO, in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, are being developed. Also, some NO and oral cavity patents have already registered. CONCLUSIONS The understanding of how NO can interfere in oral health maintenance or disease processes can contribute to elucidate the disease development and optimize treatment approaches. CLINICAL RELEVANCE NO has considerable biotechnological potential and can contribute to improving diagnostics and treating the oral environment. As a biomarker, NO has an important role in the early diagnosis of diseases. Regarding treatments, NO can possibly be used as a regulator of inflammation, anti-biofilm action, replacing antibiotics, inducing apoptosis of cancerous cells, and contributing to the angiogenesis. All these studies are initial considerations regarding the relationship between NO and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Ormondes de Farias
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n-Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Stella Maris de Freitas Lima
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil
| | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil. .,Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n-Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Glutamine and citrulline concentrations reflect nitric oxide synthesis in the human nervous system. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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15
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Glutamine and citrulline concentrations reflect nitric oxide synthesis in the human nervous system. Neurologia 2017; 35:96-104. [PMID: 28867511 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although citrulline is produced by nitric oxide (NO) synthase upon activation of the NMDA glutamate receptor, nitrite and nitrate (NOx) concentration is considered the best marker of NO synthesis, as citrulline is also metabolised by other enzymes. This study analyses the correlation between human cerebrospinal fluid NOx and citrulline concentrations in order to determine the extent to which citrulline reflects NO synthesis and glutamatergic neurotransmission. METHODS Participants were patients with acute neurological diseases undergoing lumbar puncture (n=240). NOx and amino acid concentrations were determined by HPLC. RESULTS NOx concentrations did not vary significantly where infection (p=0,110) or inflammation (p=0,349) were present. Multiple regression analysis showed that NOx concentration was correlated with glutamine (r=-0,319, p<0,001) and citrulline concentrations (r=0,293, p=0,005) but not with the citrulline/arginine ratio (r=-0,160, p=0,173). ANCOVA confirmed that NOx concentration was correlated with citrulline concentration (F=7,6, p=0,007) but not with the citrulline/arginine ratio (F=2,2, p=0,136), or presence of infection (F=1,8, p=0,173) or inflammation (F=1,4, p=0,227). No association was found between NOx and arginine or glutamate concentrations. CONCLUSION The results suggest that CSF citrulline concentration reflects NOx synthesis to some extent, despite the contribution of other metabolic pathways. In addition, this study shows that glutamine is an important modulator of NO synthase activity, and that arginine and glutamate are not correlated with NOx.
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Structure-Activity Relationships of Brominated Indoles from a Marine Mollusc. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15050133. [PMID: 28481239 PMCID: PMC5450539 DOI: 10.3390/md15050133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine molluscs are rich in biologically active natural products that provide new potential sources of anti-inflammatory agents. Here we used bioassay guided fractionation of extracts from the muricid Dicathais orbita to identify brominated indoles with anti-inflammatory activity, based on the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in calcium ionophore-stimulated 3T3 ccl-92 fibroblasts. Muricid brominated indoles were then compared to a range of synthetic indoles to determine structure-activity relationships. Both hypobranchial gland and egg extracts inhibited the production of NO significantly with IC50 of 30.8 and 40 μg/mL, respectively. The hypobranchial gland extract also inhibited the production of TNFα and PGE2 with IC50 of 43.03 µg/mL and 34.24 µg/mL, respectively. The purified mono-brominated indole and isatin compounds showed significant inhibitory activity against NO, TNFα, and PGE2, and were more active than dimer indoles and non-brominated isatin. The position of the bromine atom on the isatin benzene ring significantly affected the activity, with 5Br > 6Br > 7Br. The mode of action for the active hypobranchial gland extract, 6-bromoindole, and 6-bromoisatin was further tested by the assessment of the translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 mouse macrophage. The extract (40 µg/mL) significantly inhibited the translocation of NFκB in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages by 48.2%, whereas 40 µg/mL of 6-bromoindole and 6-bromoistain caused a 60.7% and 63.7% reduction in NFκB, respectively. These results identify simple brominated indoles as useful anti-inflammatory drug leads and support the development of extracts from the Australian muricid D. orbita, as a new potential natural remedy for the treatment of inflammation.
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Bondonno CP, Croft KD, Hodgson JM. Dietary Nitrate, Nitric Oxide, and Cardiovascular Health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:2036-52. [PMID: 25976309 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.811212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence strongly suggests that dietary nitrate, derived in the diet primarily from vegetables, could contribute to cardiovascular health via effects on nitric oxide (NO) status. NO plays an essential role in cardiovascular health. It is produced via the classical L-arginine-NO-synthase pathway and the recently discovered enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The discovery of this alternate pathway has highlighted dietary nitrate as a candidate for the cardioprotective effect of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables. Clinical trials with dietary nitrate have observed improvements in blood pressure, endothelial function, ischemia-reperfusion injury, arterial stiffness, platelet function, and exercise performance with a concomitant augmentation of markers of NO status. While these results are indicative of cardiovascular benefits with dietary nitrate intake, there is still a lingering concern about nitrate in relation to methemoglobinemia, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. It is the purpose of this review to present an overview of NO and its critical role in cardiovascular health; to detail the observed vascular benefits of dietary nitrate intake through effects on NO status as well as to discuss the controversy surrounding the possible toxic effects of nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine P Bondonno
- a School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia
| | - Kevin D Croft
- a School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- a School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia
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18
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Sansalone L, Tang S, Zhang Y, Thapaliya ER, Raymo FM, Garcia-Amorós J. Semiconductor Quantum Dots with Photoresponsive Ligands. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:73. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Yamasaki H, Watanabe NS, Sakihama Y, Cohen MF. An Overview of Methods in Plant Nitric Oxide (NO) Research: Why Do We Always Need to Use Multiple Methods? Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1424:1-14. [PMID: 27094406 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3600-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The free radical nitric oxide (NO) is a universal signaling molecule among living organisms. To investigate versatile functions of NO in plants it is essential to analyze biologically produced NO with an appropriate method. Owing to the uniqueness of NO, plant researchers may encounter difficulties in applying methods that have been developed for mammalian study. Based on our experience, we present here a practical guide to NO measurement fitted to plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Yamasaki
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan.
| | - Naoko S Watanabe
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Yasuko Sakihama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita Ku, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Michael F Cohen
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA, 94928, USA.,Biological Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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20
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Mandon J, Mur LAJ, Harren FJM, Cristescu SM. Laser-Based Methods for Detection of Nitric Oxide in Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1424:113-126. [PMID: 27094415 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3600-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in plant signaling and in response to various stress conditions. Therefore, real-time measurements of NO production provide better insights into understanding plant processes and can help developing strategies to improve food production and postharvest quality. Using laser-based spectroscopic methods, sensitive, online, in planta measurements of plant-pathogen interactions are possible. This chapter introduces the basic principle of the optical detectors using different laser sources for accurate monitoring of fast dynamic changes of NO production. Several applications are also presented to demonstrate the suitability of these detectors for detection of NO in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Mandon
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luis A J Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Edward Llywd Building, Aberystwyth, Wales, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Frans J M Harren
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simona M Cristescu
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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21
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Basudhar D, Ridnour LA, Cheng R, Kesarwala AH, Heinecke J, Wink DA. Biological signaling by small inorganic molecules. Coord Chem Rev 2016; 306:708-723. [PMID: 26688591 PMCID: PMC4680994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Small redox active molecules such as reactive nitrogen and oxygen species and hydrogen sulfide have emerged as important biological mediators that are involved in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Advancement in understanding of cellular mechanisms that tightly regulate both generation and reactivity of these molecules is central to improved management of various disease states including cancer and cardiovascular dysfunction. Imbalance in the production of redox active molecules can lead to damage of critical cellular components such as cell membranes, proteins and DNA and thus may trigger the onset of disease. These small inorganic molecules react independently as well as in a concerted manner to mediate physiological responses. This review provides a general overview of the redox biology of these key molecules, their diverse chemistry relevant to physiological processes and their interrelated nature in cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Basudhar
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Lisa A. Ridnour
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Robert Cheng
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Aparna H. Kesarwala
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Julie Heinecke
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David A. Wink
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Kongpetch S, Jusakul A, Ong CK, Lim WK, Rozen SG, Tan P, Teh BT. Pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma: From genetics to signalling pathways. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2015; 29:233-44. [PMID: 25966424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumour of bile duct epithelial cells with dismal prognosis and rising incidence. Chronic inflammation resulting from liver fluke infection, hepatitis and other inflammatory bowel diseases is a major contributing factor to cholangiocarcinogenesis, likely through accumulation of serial genetic and epigenetic alterations resulting in aberration of oncogenes and tumour suppressors. Recent studies making use of advances in high-throughput genomics have revealed the genetic landscape of CCA, greatly increasing our understanding of its underlying biology. A series of highly recurrent mutations in genes such as TP53, KRAS, SMAD4, BRAF, MLL3, ARID1A, PBRM1 and BAP1, which are known to be involved in cell cycle control, cell signalling pathways and chromatin dynamics, have led to investigations of their roles, through molecular to mouse modelling studies, in cholangiocarcinogenesis. This review focuses on the landscape genetic alterations in CCA and its functional relevance to the formation and progression of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarinya Kongpetch
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Division of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Apinya Jusakul
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Choon Kiat Ong
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Steven G Rozen
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Patrick Tan
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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23
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Sapp AM, Mogen AB, Almand EA, Rivera FE, Shaw LN, Richardson AR, Rice KC. Contribution of the nos-pdt operon to virulence phenotypes in methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108868. [PMID: 25275514 PMCID: PMC4183505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is emerging as an important regulator of bacterial stress resistance, biofilm development, and virulence. One potential source of endogenous NO production in the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is its NO-synthase (saNOS) enzyme, encoded by the nos gene. Although a role for saNOS in oxidative stress resistance, antibiotic resistance, and virulence has been recently-described, insights into the regulation of nos expression and saNOS enzyme activity remain elusive. To this end, transcriptional analysis of the nos gene in S. aureus strain UAMS-1 was performed, which revealed that nos expression increases during low-oxygen growth and is growth-phase dependent. Furthermore, nos is co-transcribed with a downstream gene, designated pdt, which encodes a prephenate dehydratase (PDT) enzyme involved in phenylalanine biosynthesis. Deletion of pdt significantly impaired the ability of UAMS-1 to grow in chemically-defined media lacking phenylalanine, confirming the function of this enzyme. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the operon organization of nos-pdt appears to be unique to the staphylococci. As described for other S. aureus nos mutants, inactivation of nos in UAMS-1 conferred sensitivity to oxidative stress, while deletion of pdt did not affect this phenotype. The nos mutant also displayed reduced virulence in a murine sepsis infection model, and increased carotenoid pigmentation when cultured on agar plates, both previously-undescribed nos mutant phenotypes. Utilizing the fluorescent stain 4-Amino-5-Methylamino-2',7'-Difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM) diacetate, decreased levels of intracellular NO/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were detected in the nos mutant on agar plates. These results reinforce the important role of saNOS in S. aureus physiology and virulence, and have identified an in vitro growth condition under which saNOS activity appears to be upregulated. However, the significance of the operon organization of nos-pdt and potential relationship between these two enzymes remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- April M. Sapp
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Austin B. Mogen
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Erin A. Almand
- Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Frances E. Rivera
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lindsey N. Shaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Anthony R. Richardson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kelly C. Rice
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Enhancing vascular relaxing effects of nitric oxide-donor ruthenium complexes. Future Med Chem 2014; 6:825-38. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium-derived complexes have emerged as new nitric oxide (NO) donors that may help circumvent the NO deficiency that impairs vasodilation. NO in vessels can be produced by the endothelial cells and/or released by NO donors. NO interacts with soluble guanylyl-cyclase to produce cGMP to activate the kinase-G pathway. As a result, conductance arteries, veins and resistance arteries dilate, whereas the cytosolic Ca2+ levels in the smooth muscle cells decrease. NO also reacts with oxygen or the superoxide anion, to generate reactive oxygen species that modulate NO-induced vasodilation. In this article, we focus on NO production by NO synthase and discuss the vascular changes taking place during hypertension originating from endothelial dysfunction. We will describe how the NO released from ruthenium-derived complexes enhances the vascular effects arising from failed NO generation or lack of NO bioavailability. In addition, how ruthenium-derived NO donors induce the hypotensive effect by vasodilation is also discussed.
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25
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Silanikove N, Merin U, Leitner G. Nitrite and catalase levels rule oxidative stability and safety properties of milk: a review. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03851g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on recent evidence showing that various types of udder inflammation (mastitis) are associated with increased concentration of NO˙-derived metabolites, nitrite and nitrate, and oxidatively modified organic components under commercial farming and experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissim Silanikove
- Biology of Lactation Laboratory
- Agricultural Research Organization
- The Volcani Center
- Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Uzi Merin
- Department of Food Quality and Safety
- Agricultural Research Organization
- The Volcani Center
- Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Gabriel Leitner
- National Mastitis Reference Center
- Kimron Veterinary Institute
- Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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Sakellariou GK, Jackson MJ, Vasilaki A. Redefining the major contributors to superoxide production in contracting skeletal muscle. The role of NAD(P)H oxidases. Free Radic Res 2013; 48:12-29. [PMID: 23915064 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.830718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) by skeletal muscle is important as it (i) underlies oxidative damage in many degenerative muscle pathologies and (ii) plays multiple regulatory roles by fulfilling important cellular functions. Superoxide and nitric oxide (NO) are the primary radical species produced by skeletal muscle and studies in the early 1980s demonstrated that their generation is augmented during contractile activity. Over the past 30 years considerable research has been undertaken to identify the major sites that contribute to the increased rate of RONS generation in response to contractions. It is widely accepted that NO is regulated by the nitric oxide synthases, however the sites that modulate changes in superoxide during exercise remain unclear. Despite the initial indications that the mitochondrial electron transport chain was the predominant source of superoxide during activity, with the development of analytical methods a number of alternative potential sites have been identified including the NAD(P)H oxidases, xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenases, and lipoxygenases linked to the activity of the phospholipase A2 enzymes. In the present review we outline the subcellular sites that modulate intracellular changes in superoxide in skeletal muscle and based on the available experimental evidence in the literature we conclude that the NAD(P)H oxidases are likely to be the major superoxide generating sources in contracting skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Sakellariou
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
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27
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Gomes AJ, Espreafico EM, Tfouni E. trans-[Ru(NO)Cl(cyclam)](PF6)2 and [Ru(NO)(Hedta)] Incorporated in PLGA Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Nitric Oxide to B16–F10 Cells: Cytotoxicity and Phototoxicity. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:3544-54. [DOI: 10.1021/mp3005534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson J. Gomes
- Faculdade de Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF,
Brazil
| | - Enilza M. Espreafico
- Departamento de
Biologia Celular
e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina
de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elia Tfouni
- Departamento de Química,
Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão
Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Isoe J, Scaraffia PY. Urea synthesis and excretion in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are regulated by a unique cross-talk mechanism. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65393. [PMID: 23755226 PMCID: PMC3673916 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti mosquitoes do not have a typical functional urea cycle for ammonia disposal such as the one present in most terrestrial vertebrates. However, they can synthesize urea by two different pathways, argininolysis and uricolysis. We investigated how formation of urea by these two pathways is regulated in females of A. aegypti. The expression of arginase (AR) and urate oxidase (UO), either separately or simultaneously (ARUO) was silenced by RNAi. The amounts of several nitrogen compounds were quantified in excreta using mass spectrometry. Injection of mosquitoes with either dsRNA-AR or dsRNA-UO significantly decreased the expressions of AR or UO in the fat body (FB) and Malpighian tubules (MT). Surprisingly, the expression level of AR was increased when UO was silenced and vice versa, suggesting a cross-talk regulation between pathways. In agreement with these data, the amount of urea measured 48 h after blood feeding remained unchanged in those mosquitoes injected with dsRNA-AR or dsRNA-UO. However, allantoin significantly increased in the excreta of dsRNA-AR-injected females. The knockdown of ARUO mainly led to a decrease in urea and allantoin excretion, and an increase in arginine excretion. In addition, dsRNA-AR-injected mosquitoes treated with a specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor showed an increase of UO expression in FB and MT and a significant increase in the excretion of nitrogen compounds. Interestingly, both a temporary delay in the digestion of a blood meal and a significant reduction in the expression of several genes involved in ammonia metabolism were observed in dsRNA-AR, UO or ARUO-injected females. These results reveal that urea synthesis and excretion in A. aegypti are tightly regulated by a unique cross-talk signaling mechanism. This process allows blood-fed mosquitoes to regulate the synthesis and/or excretion of nitrogen waste products, and avoid toxic effects that could result from a lethal concentration of ammonia in their tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Isoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Center for Insect Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Patricia Y. Scaraffia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Center for Insect Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Takaishi K, Kitahata H, Kawahito S. Local anesthetics inhibit nitric oxide production and l-arginine uptake in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 704:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Campelo MWS, Campelo APBS, Lopes LGDF, Santos AAD, Guimarães SB, Vasconcelos PRLD. Effects of Rut-bpy (Cis-[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]PF 6), a novel nitric oxide donor, in L-NAME-induced hypertension in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2012; 26 Suppl 1:57-9. [PMID: 21971659 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502011000700012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of Rut-bpy (Cis-[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]PF 6), a novel nitric oxide donor in Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6), named according to the treatment applied (G1-Saline, G2-Rut-bpy, G3-L-NAME and G4-L-NAME+Rut-bpy). L-NAME (30 mg/Kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes before the administration of Rut-bpy (100 mg/Kg). Mean abdominal aorta arterial blood pressure (MAP) was continuously monitored. RESULTS Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in G3 rats rose progressively, reaching 147±16 mmHg compared with 100±19 mm Hg in G1 rats (p<0.05). In G4 rats, treated with L-NAME+Rut-bpy, MAP reached 149+11 mm Hg while in G2 rats, treated with Rut-bpy, MAP values were 106±11 mm Hg. In G1 rats these values decreased progressively reaching 87+14 mm Hg after 30 minutes. An important finding was the maintenance of the MAP throughout the experiment in G2 rats. CONCLUSION Rut-bpy does not decrease the MAP in L-Name induced hypertensive rats. However, when it is used in anesthetized hypotensive rats a stable blood pressure is obtained.
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Korde Choudhari S, Sridharan G, Gadbail A, Poornima V. Nitric oxide and oral cancer: a review. Oral Oncol 2012; 48:475-83. [PMID: 22356896 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a short-lived, endogenously produced gas, plays key role in various physiological as well as pathological processes. NO-inducing cell signaling events within the cell producing it and the diffusibility of it in other cells have led to the discovery of various physiological functions of NO including vasodilation, respiration, cell migration, immune response and apoptosis. On the other hand, excessive and unregulated NO synthesis has been implicated in many pathophysiological conditions including cancer. Research on NO, during the past few years is one of the growing areas in cancer biology. The high incidence of oral cancer and precancer has been linked with habits of tobacco chewing and smoking and NO has been said as the "messenger of death" in tobacco related diseases. NO seems to play a part in various stages of carcinogenesis from initiation to progression. However, there is considerable controversy and confusion in understanding its role in cancer biology. It is said to have both, tumoricidal as well as tumor promoting effects and these depend on its timing, location and concentration. Further, NO has also been shown to have antitumor, chemopreventive and therapeutic abilities. Here is an overview in which efforts are made to understand the role of this molecule in oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Korde Choudhari
- Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Yerala Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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Schairer DO, Chouake JS, Nosanchuk JD, Friedman AJ. The potential of nitric oxide releasing therapies as antimicrobial agents. Virulence 2012; 3:271-9. [PMID: 22546899 PMCID: PMC3442839 DOI: 10.4161/viru.20328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived, diatomic, lipophilic gas that plays an integral role in defending against pathogens. Among its many functions are involvement in immune cell signaling and in the biochemical reactions by which immune cells defend against bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. NO signaling directs a broad spectrum of processes, including the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of immune cells. When secreted by activated immune cells, NO diffuses across cellular membranes and exacts nitrosative and oxidative damage on invading pathogens. These observations led to the development of NO delivery systems that can harness the antimicrobial properties of this evanescent gas. The innate microbicidal properties of NO, as well as the antimicrobial activity of the various NO delivery systems, are reviewed.
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Joslin JM, Reynolds MM. Kinetics of S-nitrosation processes in aqueous polymer solution for controlled nitric oxide loading: toward tunable biomaterials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:1126-1133. [PMID: 22264053 DOI: 10.1021/am201807c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of the nitrosation processes that dictate S-nitrosothiol formation in the presence of a polymer is crucial toward the controlled synthesis of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing materials, an important class of biomaterials that mimic the natural function of cells. Herein, the kinetics of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) formation in the presence of dextran under a variety of nitrosation conditions, including the nitrosating agent and the dextran concentration, are reported. When comparing nitrous acid and t-butyl nitrite as the nitrosating agent, the use of nitrous acid results in 100% nitrosation of the thiol sites within less than a minute and t-butyl nitrite requires more than 5 min to reach completion. This trend establishes nitrous acid as a highly efficient nitrosating agent. In the presence of increasing dextran concentration from 0 w/v% to 10 w/v%, the extent of nitrosation decreases by approximately 5% and 30% using nitrous acid and t-butyl nitrite, respectively. With sufficient reaction time, either reagent leads to 100% nitrosation. This indicates that t-butyl nitrite is the preferred reagent for fine-tuned NO loading of thiol sites as the extent of reaction is greatly impacted by the polymer concentration. Taken together, these studies provide valuable insights regarding the ability to tailor NO storage within biomaterials for use in a wide range of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Joslin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1872 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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Carneiro ZA, de Moraes JCB, Rodrigues FP, de Lima RG, Curti C, da Rocha ZN, Paulo M, Bendhack LM, Tedesco AC, Formiga ALB, da Silva RS. Photocytotoxic activity of a nitrosyl phthalocyanine ruthenium complex — A system capable of producing nitric oxide and singlet oxygen. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:1035-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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35
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Derivation of Mass Transfer Coefficients for Transient Uptake and Tissue Disposition of Soluble and Reactive Vapors in Lung Airways. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 39:1788-804. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-011-0274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Wink DA, Kim S, Miles A, Jourd'heuil D, Grisham MB. Methods for distinguishing nitrosative and oxidative chemistry of reactive nitrogen oxide species derived from nitric oxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; Chapter 10:Unit 10.8. [PMID: 20957636 DOI: 10.1002/0471140856.tx1008s03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
NO-derived intermediates formed under aerobic conditions may engage in complex chemical reactions with biologically important molecules. The outcomes of these reactions and their ultimate effect on biological systems depend on the selectivity of the species and the concentrations of different substances present and whether the reaction takes place in the gas or aqueous phase. In this unit conversion of two different compounds to fluorescent products is used to distinguish between oxidative and nitrosative chemistry of different reactive nitrogen oxide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Wink
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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37
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Wasim Khan M, Naqshbandi A, Zubair H, Ahsan H, Khan SA, Khan FH. Nitrite, a Reactive Nitrogen Species, Protects Human Alpha-2-Macroglobulin from Halogenated Oxidant, HOCl. Protein J 2010; 29:276-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-010-9249-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Visualization of nitric oxide production in the mouse main olfactory bulb by a cell-trappable copper(II) fluorescent probe. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:8525-30. [PMID: 20413724 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0914794107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the visualization of NO production using fluorescence in tissue slices of the mouse main olfactory bulb. This discovery was possible through the use of a novel, cell-trappable probe for intracellular nitric oxide detection based on a symmetric scaffold with two NO-reactive sites. Ester moieties installed onto the fluorescent probe are cleaved by intracellular esterases to yield the corresponding negatively charged, cell-impermeable acids. The trappable probe Cu(2)(FL2E) and the membrane-impermeable acid derivative Cu(2)(FL2A) respond rapidly and selectively to NO in buffers that simulate biological conditions, and application of Cu(2)(FL2E) leads to detection of endogenously produced NO in cell cultures and olfactory bulb brain slices.
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39
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Ledo A, Barbosa R, Cadenas E, Laranjinha J. Dynamic and interacting profiles of *NO and O2 in rat hippocampal slices. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 48:1044-50. [PMID: 20100565 PMCID: PMC2839026 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (*NO) is a ubiquitous signaling molecule that participates in the neuromolecular phenomena associated with memory formation. In the hippocampus, neuronal *NO production is coupled to the activation of the NMDA-type of glutamate receptor. Although *NO-mediated signaling has been associated with soluble guanylate cyclase activation, cytochrome oxidase is also a target for this gaseous free radical, for which *NO competes with O(2). Here we show, for the first time in a model preserving tissue cytoarchitecture (rat hippocampal slices) and at a physiological O(2) concentration, that endogenous NMDA-evoked *NO production inhibits tissue O(2) consumption for submicromolar concentrations. The simultaneous real-time recordings reveal a direct correlation between the profiles of *NO and O(2) in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampal slice. These results, obtained in a system close to in vivo models, strongly support the current paradigm for O(2) and *NO interplay in the regulation of cellular respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ledo
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
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40
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Chung KKK, David KK. Emerging roles of nitric oxide in neurodegeneration. Nitric Oxide 2010; 22:290-5. [PMID: 20149888 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous signaling molecule which has physiological and pathological roles in the cell. Under normal conditions, NO is produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and can induce physiological responses such as vasodilation. However, over-activation of NOS has been linked to a number of human pathological conditions. For instance, most neurodegenerative disorders are marked by the presence of nitrated protein aggregates. How nitrosative stress leads to neurodegeneration is not clear, but various studies suggest that increased nitrosative stress causes protein nitration which then leads to protein aggregation. Protein aggregates are highly toxic to neurons and can promote neurodegeneration. In addition to inducing protein aggregation, recent studies show that nitrosative stress can also compromise a number of neuroprotective pathways by modifying activities of certain proteins through S-nitrosylation. These findings suggest that increased nitrosative stress can contribute to neurodegeneration through multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny K K Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong.
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41
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Lunardi CN, da Silva RS, Bendhack LM. New nitric oxide donors based on ruthenium complexes. Braz J Med Biol Res 2009; 42:87-93. [PMID: 19219301 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009000100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 01/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) donors produce NO-related activity when applied to biological systems. Among its diverse functions, NO has been implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation. Despite the great importance of NO in biological systems, its pharmacological and physiological studies have been limited due to its high reactivity and short half-life. In this review we will focus on our recent investigations of nitrosyl ruthenium complexes as NO-delivery agents and their effects on vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation. The high affinity of ruthenium for NO is a marked feature of its chemistry. The main signaling pathway responsible for the vascular relaxation induced by NO involves the activation of soluble guanylyl-cyclase, with subsequent accumulation of cGMP and activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase. This in turn can activate several proteins such as K+ channels as well as induce vasodilatation by a decrease in cytosolic Ca2+. Oxidative stress and associated oxidative damage are mediators of vascular damage in several cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. The increased production of the superoxide anion (O2-) by the vascular wall has been observed in different animal models of hypertension. Vascular relaxation to the endogenous NO-related response or to NO released from NO deliverers is impaired in vessels from renal hypertensive (2K-1C) rats. A growing amount of evidence supports the possibility that increased NO inactivation by excess O2- may account for the decreased NO bioavailability and vascular dysfunction in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Lunardi
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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42
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Liu HL, Xu JJ, Dai XM, Shi JB, Xu S, Gao J, Yao QZ, Liu F. Both DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in novel oxadiazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives-induced cancer cell death. J Appl Toxicol 2009; 29:489-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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43
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Yang GY, Taboada S, Liao J. Induced nitric oxide synthase as a major player in the oncogenic transformation of inflamed tissue. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 512:119-156. [PMID: 19347276 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-530-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical that is involved in the inflammatory process and carcinogenesis. There are four nitric oxide synthase enzymes involved in NO production: induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), neural NO synthase (nNOS), and mitochondrial NOS. iNOS is an inducible and key enzyme in the inflamed tissue. Recent literatures indicate that NO as well as iNOS and eNOS can modulate cancer-related events including nitro-oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell cycle, angio-genesis, invasion, and metastasis. This chapter focuses on linking NO/iNOS/eNOS to inflammation and carcinogenesis from experimental evidence to potential targets on cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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44
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Mowbray M, McLintock S, Weerakoon R, Lomatschinsky N, Jones S, Rossi AG, Weller RB. Enzyme-independent NO stores in human skin: quantification and influence of UV radiation. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 129:834-42. [PMID: 18818674 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2008.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has many functions in the skin, including the mediation of inflammation and antimicrobial defense, wound healing, regulation of keratinocyte homeostasis, and regulation of apoptosis following UV radiation. NO is synthesized by a family of NO synthase enzymes, but its rapid release following UV exposure suggests the existence of preformed stores. NO can be converted into nitrite or nitrosothiols that are stable until cleaved by UV to release NO. Using dermal microdialysis, suction blister epidermal samples, and sweat collection, we demonstrated cutaneous concentrations of total NO-related products of 12+/-5.97 microM, 0.03+/-0.03 micromol mg(-1) epidermal protein, and 22+/-9.34 microM, respectively. The predominant oxyanion was nitrate (60-75%) followed by nitrite. S-Nitrosothiols were barely detectable. Serum total NO-related products correlated directly with those of the upper dermis and sweat (R(2)=0.62 and 0.3, respectively). UVA irradiation (10 mW cm(-2)) increased the yield of NO-related products by microdialysis, peaking after 30 minutes. Dialysis with noradrenaline abrogated this rise. Both the skin and the dermal vasculature contain biologically significant stores of NO, particularly nitrite, which can be directly mobilized by UVA irradiation. The level of circulating NO-related products probably determines skin-bound stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Mowbray
- Department of Dermatology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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45
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Bordini J, Novaes D, Borissevitch I, Owens B, Ford P, Tfouni E. Acidity and photolability of ruthenium salen nitrosyl and aquo complexes in aqueous solutions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2007.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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46
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Doro FG, Castellano EE, Moraes LAB, Eberlin MN, Tfouni E. Cyclam κ4 to κ3 Ligand Denticity Change Upon Mono-N-Substitution with a Carboxypropyl Pendant Arm in a Ruthenium Nitrosyl Complex. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:4118-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ic702078p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio G. Doro
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil, and Laboratório ThoMSon de Espectrometria de Massas, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eduardo E. Castellano
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil, and Laboratório ThoMSon de Espectrometria de Massas, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luiz A. B. Moraes
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil, and Laboratório ThoMSon de Espectrometria de Massas, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil, and Laboratório ThoMSon de Espectrometria de Massas, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Elia Tfouni
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil, and Laboratório ThoMSon de Espectrometria de Massas, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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Gomes AJ, Barbougli PA, Espreafico EM, Tfouni E. trans-[Ru(NO)(NH3)4(py)](BF4)3·H2O encapsulated in PLGA microparticles for delivery of nitric oxide to B16-F10 cells: Cytotoxicity and phototoxicity. J Inorg Biochem 2008; 102:757-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Revised: 11/25/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Grau M, Hendgen-Cotta UB, Brouzos P, Drexhage C, Rassaf T, Lauer T, Dejam A, Kelm M, Kleinbongard P. Recent methodological advances in the analysis of nitrite in the human circulation: nitrite as a biochemical parameter of the L-arginine/NO pathway. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 851:106-23. [PMID: 17344107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in the modulation of multiple physiological processes. It acts as a messenger molecule within the cardiovascular system. NO is a highly unstable free radical in circulating blood and is oxidized rapidly to nitrite and nitrate. Recent studies suggest that nitrite has the potential to function as a surrogate of NO production under physiological and pathophysiological conditions and could therefore be of high relevance as a biochemical parameter in experimental and clinical studies. Under hypoxic conditions nitrite is reduced to bioactive NO by deoxyhemoglobin. This mechanism may represent a dynamic cycle of NO generation to adapt the demand and supply for the vascular system. Because of these potential biological functions the concentration of nitrite in blood is thought to be of particular importance. The determination of nitrite in biological matrices represents a considerable analytical challenge. Methodological problems often arise from pre-analytical sample preparation, sample contamination due to the ubiquity of nitrite, and from lack of selectivity and sensitivity. These analytical difficulties may be a plausible explanation for reported highly diverging concentrations of nitrite in the human circulation. The aim of this article is to review the methods of quantitative analysis of nitrite in the human circulation, notably in plasma and blood, and to discuss pre-analytical and analytical factors potentially affecting accurate quantification of nitrite in these human fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Grau
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Clinic I, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
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49
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Moroz LL, Kohn AB. On the comparative biology of Nitric Oxide (NO) synthetic pathways: Parallel evolution of NO-mediated signaling. Nitric Oxide 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2423(07)01001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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50
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Doro FG, Rodrigues-Filho UP, Tfouni E. A regenerable ruthenium tetraammine nitrosyl complex immobilized on a modified silica gel surface: preparation and studies of nitric oxide release and nitrite-to-NO conversion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 307:405-17. [PMID: 17196216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2006] [Revised: 11/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Silica gel bearing isonicotinamide groups was prepared by further modification of 3-aminopropyl-functionalized silica by a reaction with isonicotinic acid and 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to yield 3-isonicotinamidepropyl-functionalized silica gel (ISNPS). This support was characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and specific surface area. The ISNPS was used to immobilize the [Ru(NH(3))(4)SO(3)] moiety by reaction with trans-[Ru(NH(3))(4)(SO(2))Cl]Cl, yielding [Si(CH(2))(3)(isn)Ru(NH(3))(4)(SO(3))]. The related immobilized [Si(CH(2))(3)(isn)Ru(NH(3))(4)(L)](3+/2+) (L=SO(2), SO(2-)(4), OH(2), and NO) complexes were prepared and characterized by means of UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, as well as by cyclic voltammetry. Syntheses of the nitrosyl complex were performed by reaction of the immobilized ruthenium ammine [Si(CH(2))(3)(isn)Ru(NH(3))(4)(OH(2))](2+) with nitrite in acid or neutral (pH 7.4) solution. The similar results obtained in both ways indicate that the aqua complex was able to convert nitrite into coordinated nitrosyl. The reactivity of [Si(CH(2))(3)(isn)Ru(NH(3))(4)(NO)](3+) was investigated in order to evaluate the nitric oxide (NO) release. It was found that, upon light irradiation or chemical reduction, the immobilized nitrosyl complex was able to release NO, generating the corresponding Ru(III) or Ru(II) aqua complexes, respectively. The NO material could be regenerated from these NO-depleted materials obtained photochemically or by reduction. Regeneration was done by reaction with nitrite in aqueous solution (pH 7.4). Reduction-regeneration cycles were performed up to three times with no significant leaching of the ruthenium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Gorzoni Doro
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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