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Yao F, Chu M, Xi G, Dai J, Wang Z, Hao J, Yang Q, Wang W, Tang Y, Zhang J, Yue Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Zhao W, Ma L, Liu J, Zhang Z, Tian J, An L. Single-embryo transcriptomic atlas of oxygen response reveals the critical role of HIF-1α in prompting embryonic zygotic genome activation. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103147. [PMID: 38593632 PMCID: PMC11016760 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptive response to physiological oxygen levels (physO2; 5% O2) enables embryonic survival in a low-oxygen developmental environment. However, the mechanism underlying the role of physO2 in supporting preimplantation development, remains elusive. Here, we systematically studied oxygen responses of hallmark events in preimplantation development. Focusing on impeded transcriptional upregulation under atmospheric oxygen levels (atmosO2; 20% O2) during the 2-cell stage, we functionally identified a novel role of HIF-1α in promoting major zygotic genome activation by serving as an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor. Moreover, during blastocyst formation, atmosO2 impeded H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 deposition by deregulating histone-lysine methyltransferases, thus impairing X-chromosome inactivation in blastocysts. In addition, we found atmosO2 impedes metabolic shift to glycolysis before blastocyst formation, thus resulting a low-level histone lactylation deposition. Notably, we also reported an increased sex-dimorphic oxygen response of embryos upon preimplantation development. Together, focusing on genetic and epigenetic events that are essential for embryonic survival and development, the present study advances current knowledge of embryonic adaptive responses to physO2, and provides novel insight into mechanism underlying irreversibly impaired developmental potential due to a short-term atmosO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Meiqiang Chu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Guangyin Xi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jiage Dai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Zhaochen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jia Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Qianying Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yawen Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yuan Yue
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yefen Xu
- Animal Science Department, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College, 100 Yucai Road, Bayi District, Tibet, 860000, Nyingchi, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Lizhu Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Zhenni Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jianhui Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
| | - Lei An
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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Berling FP, Mendes CM, Goissis MD. Influence of glucose and oxygen tension on the trophectoderm and the inner cell mass of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Theriogenology 2024; 225:89-97. [PMID: 38796961 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The first cell differentiation event that occurs in the embryo determines the inner cell mass (ICM) and the trophectoderm (TE). In the mouse, glucose (GLC) is essential for this process, while oxygen tension (O2) also interferes with TE formation. The roles of GLC and O2 in this event in bovine embryos are not completely elucidated. We hypothesized that the absence of glucose and a higher O2 tension negatively impact ICM and TE cell allocation in the bovine embryo. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of GLC within different O2 levels on the formation of the TE. In vitro-produced embryos were cultured in serum-free KSOM medium and randomly submitted to treatments on the day of IVC, according to a 2x2 factorial model, in which GLC (present [+GLC] or absent [-GLC]) and O2 (low [5%O2] or high [20%O2]) were the independent variables. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were obtained at D4 and D8, respectively. Embryos at D8 were subjected to autofluorescence analysis to quantitate NADH and FAD + or fixed for GATA3 and YAP1 immunostaining using a laser scanning confocal microscope. Total, TE, and ICM cell counts were obtained. Embryos were also harvested for gene expression quantification of GATA3, YAP1, SOX2, CDX2, TFAP2C and OCT4. Results indicate that there was an effect of O2 (p = 0.018) on cleavage rates, although no differences were observed in blastocyst rates. NADH was higher in -GLC compared to + GLC (p = 0.014) and no differences in FAD+ were observed. Total cell count data were not different between variables. There was an increase in the ICM cell count in the +GLC 5%O2 condition compared to the other three conditions. No effects of GLC, O2, or their interactions were observed on TE cell count or the TE/total cell ratio. CDX2 (p = 0.007) and TFAP2C (p = 0.038) were increased in -GLC 20%O2 compared to + GLC 20%O2. SOX2 was decreased in +GLC 20%O2 compared to + GLC 5%O2 (p = 0.027) or compared to -GLC 20%O2 (p = 0.005). GATA3, YAP1, and OCT4 genes did not present differences among conditions. In conclusion, both GLC and high oxygen tension did not impair TE formation and TE cell number, although a +GLC-low oxygen environment led to a higher number of ICM cells. Interestingly, the expression of TE-related gene CDX2 was increased in the absence of glucose within higher O2 tension. Our results implicate that according to the oxygen tension used in IVC, glucose can exert different effects on blastocyst cell allocation or gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francieli Perroni Berling
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil.
| | - Camilla Mota Mendes
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Demarchi Goissis
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil.
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Camacho de Gutiérrez AR, Calisici O, Wrenzycki C, Gutiérrez-Añez JC, Hoeflich C, Hoeflich A, Bajcsy ÁC, Schmicke M. Effect of IGFBP-4 during In Vitro Maturation on Developmental Competence of Bovine Cumulus Oocyte Complexes. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:673. [PMID: 38473060 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are essential for oocyte maturation. Their bioavailability is regulated by their respective binding proteins (IGFBPs) and proteases. IGFBP-4 blocks the biological effects of IGFs. High IGFBP-4 expression has been associated with follicle atresia. We hypothesized that IGFBP-4 affects oocyte developmental competence during maturation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of IGFBP-4 on the developmental rate of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) during in vitro embryo production. Abattoir-derived COCs were matured with rbIGFBP-4 (2000, 540, and 54 ng/mL) compared to a control. Cumulus expansion, oocyte maturation, cleavage, blastocyst, and hatching rates were evaluated. Furthermore, blastocyst gene expression of SOCS2, STAT3, SLC2A1, SLCA3, BAX, and POU5F1 transcripts were quantified using RT-qPCR. No statistical differences were detected among the groups for cumulus expansion, maturation, cleavage, blastocyst rates, or all gene transcripts analyzed. However, at day 8 and 9, the number of total hatching and successfully hatched blastocysts was lower in 2000 ng/mL rbIGFBP-4 compared to the control (day 8: total hatching: 17.1 ± 0.21 vs. 31.2 ± 0.11%, p = 0.02 and hatched blastocyst 6.7 ± 0.31 vs. 21.5 ± 0.14%, p = 0.004; day 9 total hatching 36.4 ± 0.18 vs. 57.7 ± 0.10%, p = 0.009 and hatched blastocyst 18.2 ± 0.21 vs. 38.1 ± 0.11%, p = 0.004). We concluded that high concentrations of rbIGFBP-4 might negatively affect the subsequent ability of the embryo to hatch and possibly compromise further elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oguz Calisici
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Wrenzycki
- Clinic for Veterinary Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Añez
- Medical-Surgical Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | | | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Árpád Csaba Bajcsy
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Schmicke
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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Viana Silva M, Valente RS, Annes K, Marsico TV, Oliveira AM, Maiollo BAP, Lopes NJ, Tannura JH, Sudano MJ. Effect of IL-10 and TNF-α on the competence and cryosurvival of in vitro produced Bos indicus embryos. Theriogenology 2024; 215:170-176. [PMID: 38071763 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In vitro-produced embryos are constantly exposed to stressful conditions that can lead to the activation of the apoptotic pathway. The nuclear Kappa B factor (NF-κB) is an inflammatory mediator that induces the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, while interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, inhibits NF-κB activity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of IL-10 and TNF-α on the competence and cryosurvival of in vitro-produced bovine embryos. Embryos were produced in vitro using standard protocols, and Grade I blastocysts were vitrified using the Cryotop method. Non-vitrified and vitrified blastocysts were subjected to the TUNEL assay. In Experiment I, on day 6.5 (156 h post-insemination), the embryos were treated with PBS (control), 50 ng/mL of IL-10, or a combination of 25 ng/mL of TNF-α and 50 ng/mL of IL-10. Embryonic development and apoptotic rates were monitored. In Experiment II, the same groups were set up, with the addition of a group treated with 25 ng/mL of TNF-α alone. Grade I blastocysts were vitrified 5 h after treatment, and cryosurvival was monitored at until 48 h post-warming. The apoptosis rate and total cell number were investigated in the vitrified-hatched blastocysts. IL-10 alone did not affect developmental competence or cryosurvival (P > 0.05). The IL-10-treated embryos, when exposed in combination with TNF-α, presented a detrimental effect (P < 0.05) in the embryonic development of non-vitrified embryos. However, vitrified blastocysts had no negative effect (P > 0.05). The TNF-α treatment reduced (P < 0.05) the re-expansion rate at 6 h post-warming and increased (P < 0.05) the apoptosis rate in vitrified hatched blastocysts, whereas no effect (P > 0.05) of the treatments was detected in the hatching rate and total cell number post-warming. In conclusion, TNF-α has a detrimental effect on embryonic developmental competence and cryosurvival by compromising the development of non-vitrified embryos and apoptotic-related events of vitrified blastocysts, whereas IL-10, when in combination with TNF-α, appears to attenuate the detrimental effects of TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Viana Silva
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Roniele Santana Valente
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Kelly Annes
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis - Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thamiris Vieira Marsico
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Minozzo Oliveira
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis - Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Mateus José Sudano
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil; Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis - Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Marsico TV, Silva MV, Valente RS, Annes K, Rissi VB, Glanzner WG, Sudano MJ. Unraveling the Consequences of Oxygen Imbalance on Early Embryo Development: Exploring Mitigation Strategies. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2171. [PMID: 37443969 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although well-established and adopted by commercial laboratories, the in vitro embryo production system still requires refinements to achieve its highest efficiency. Early embryonic development is a dynamic event, demanding suitable conditions to provide a high number of embryos with quality and competence. The first step to obtaining an optimized in vitro environment is to know the embryonic metabolism and energy request throughout the different stages of development. Oxygen plays a crucial role in several key biological processes necessary to sustain and complete embryonic development. Nonetheless, there is still controversy regarding the optimal in vitro atmospheric concentrations during culture. Herein, we discuss the impact of oxygen tension on the viability of in vitro-produced embryos during early development. The importance of oxygen tension is addressed as its roles regarding essential embryonic traits, including embryo production rates, embryonic cell viability, gene expression profile, epigenetic regulation, and post-cryopreservation survival. Finally, we highlight the damage caused by in vitro unbalanced oxygen tensions and strategies to mitigate the harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamiris Vieira Marsico
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Mara Viana Silva
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Roniele Santana Valente
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Kelly Annes
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Braga Rissi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Curitibanos 89520-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Werner Giehl Glanzner
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Mateus José Sudano
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
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Eicosapentaenoic acid supplemented to in vitro maturation medium results in lesser lipid content and intracellular reactive oxygen species in blastocysts of cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 229:106765. [PMID: 33989912 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sub-optimal cattle embryo development to the blastocyst stage still is a problem when conducting in vitro production (IVP) procedures. Supplementation of in vitro maturation (IVM) medium with omega 3-polyunsaturated eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an approach that might have positive effects on lipid metabolism of cattle oocytes, potentially improving subsequent embryo development. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of EPA addition to serum-free IVM medium on pronuclear formation after in vitro fertilization, cleavage, and blastocyst rates. Effects of EPA on lipid accumulation and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with IVP of cattle embryos was also investigated. In all experiments, cumulus-oocyte complexes were matured in IVM medium supplemented with 0 nM, 1 nM, or 1 μM EPA for 24 h. Pronuclear formation, cleavage, and blastocyst rates were similar for embryos when there was supplementation of EPA at all concentrations to those of the control group (P > 0.05). The inclusion of 1 nM EPA in medium resulted in a greater lipid content and less intracellular ROS in day 8-embryos compared with those of the Control group (P < 0.05). There were no differences, however, when there was inclusion of 1 μM EPA compared to embryos of the Control group at the day 8 developmental stage (P > 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation with IVM medium with the 1 nM EPA concentration resulted in a lesser blastocyst lipid and intracellular ROS concentration, without modifying embryo development, therefore, EPA could be a desirable supplement to improve embryo quality in cattle.
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Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis of mRNA Expression Patterns of Early Embryo Development in Goat under Hypoxic and Normoxic Conditions. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050381. [PMID: 33924908 PMCID: PMC8146044 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Oxygen plays a vital role in the development of early embryos, no matter whether it is too high or low, it will adversely affect the early embryo development, but the mechanisms involved in these effects are still unclear. RNA-seq was performed to compare 8-cell-stage and blastocyst-stage goat embryos under hypoxic and normoxic conditions, the mRNA expression mechanisms of 8-cell- and blastocyst-stage embryos were systematically analyzed under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly related to biological processes and function regulation. In conclusion, we can infer that oxidative stress regulates early embryo development by affecting the expression of zygotic genes and transcription factors, and those stress genes play a potential role in adaptation to normoxic environments in goat embryos. Abstract It has been reported that hypoxic environments were more suitable for the in vitro development of mammalian embryos, but the underlying mechanisms were still unclear. In the present study, RNA-seq was performed to compare 8-cell-stage and blastocyst-stage goat embryos under hypoxic and normoxic conditions; zygotes were checked at 72 and 168 h to 8-cell stage (L8C) and blastocyst stage (LM) in hypoxic conditions and 8-cell stage (H8C) and blastocyst stage (HM) in normoxic conditions. In the H8C and L8C groups, 399 DEGs were identified, including 348 up- and 51 down-regulated DEGs. In the HM and LM groups, 1710 DEGs were identified, including 1516 up- and 194 down-regulated DEGs. The expression levels of zygotic genes, transcription factors, and maternal genes, such as WEE2, GDF9, HSP70.1, BTG4, and UBE2S showed significant changes. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these DEGs were mainly related to biological processes and function regulation. In addition, combined with the pathway–gene interaction network and protein–protein interaction network, twenty-two of the hub genes were identified and they are mainly involved in energy metabolism, immune stress response, cell cycle, receptor binding, and signal transduction pathways. The present study provides comprehensive insights into the effects of oxidative stress on early embryo development in goats.
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Zhou J, Ji T, He HN, Yin SY, Liu X, Zhang X, Miao YL. Induction of autophagy promotes porcine parthenogenetic embryo development under low oxygen conditions. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:657-666. [PMID: 32317091 DOI: 10.1071/rd19322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays an important role in embryo development; however, only limited information is available on how autophagy specifically regulates embryo development, especially under low oxygen culture conditions. In this study we used parthenogenetic activation (PA) of porcine embryos to test the hypothesis that a low oxygen concentration (5%) could promote porcine embryo development by activating autophagy. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that low oxygen tension activated autophagy and alleviated oxidative stress in porcine PA embryos. Development was significantly affected when autophagy was blocked by 3-methyladenine, even under low oxygen culture conditions, with increased reactive oxygen species levels and malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, the decreased expression of pluripotency-associated genes induced by autophagy inhibition could be recovered by treatment with the antioxidant vitamin C. Together, these results demonstrate that low oxygen-induced autophagy regulates embryo development through antioxidant mechanisms in the pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Zhou
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tiantian Ji
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hai-Nan He
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Yin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Liang Miao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China; and The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China; and Corresponding author.
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9
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Jordaens L, van Hoeck V, Pintelon I, Thys S, Bols PEJ, Marei WFA, Leroy JLMR. Altered embryotrophic capacities of the bovine oviduct under elevated free fatty acid conditions: an in vitro embryo--oviduct co-culture model. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:553-563. [PMID: 32036843 DOI: 10.1071/rd19019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal metabolic stress conditions are of growing importance in both human and dairy cattle settings as they can have significant repercussions on fertility. Upregulated lipolysis is a common trait associated with metabolic disorders and results in systemically elevated concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). The effects of high NEFA concentrations on the follicular environment, oocyte and embryo development is well documented. However, knowledge on the effects of NEFAs within the oviduct, representing the initial embryonic growth environment, is currently lacking. Therefore, the experiments outlined here were designed to obtain fundamental insights into both the direct and indirect interactions between NEFAs, bovine oviductal cells and developing zygotes. Hence, zygotes were co-cultured with NEFA-pre-exposed bovine oviductal cells or subjected to simultaneous NEFA exposure during the co-culture period. The outcome parameters assessed were embryo development with cleavage (48h post insemination (pi)), morula (120-126h pi) and blastocyst (192h pi) rates, as well as morula intracellular lipid content and blastocyst quality using Bodipy and differential staining respectively. Our data suggest a direct embryotoxicity of NEFAs as well as impaired embryo development through a reduced oviductal ability to support and protect early embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jordaens
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Gamete Research Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (U-building), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - V van Hoeck
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Gamete Research Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (U-building), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - I Pintelon
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (T-building), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - S Thys
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (T-building), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - P E J Bols
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Gamete Research Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (U-building), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - W F A Marei
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Gamete Research Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (U-building), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; and Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 11222 Giza, Egypt
| | - J L M R Leroy
- Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Gamete Research Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (U-building), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; and Corresponding author.
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10
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Effects of oxygen concentrations on developmental competence and transcriptomic profile of yak oocytes. ZYGOTE 2020; 28:459-469. [PMID: 32772955 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199420000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen concentration influences oocyte quality and subsequent embryo development, but it remains unclear whether oxygen concentrations affect the developmental competence and transcriptomic profile of yak oocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of different oxygen concentrations (5% versus 20%) on the developmental competence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, glutathione (GSH) content, and transcriptomic profile of yak oocytes. The results showed that a low oxygen concentration significantly increased the maturation rate of yak oocytes (81.2 ± 2.2% vs 75.9 ± 1.3%) and the blastocyst quality of yak in vitro fertilized embryos. Analysis of ROS and GSH showed that a low oxygen concentration reduced ROS levels and increased the content of GSH (75.05 ± 7.1 ng/oocyte vs 50.63 ± 5.6 ng/oocyte). Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified 120 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups of oocytes. Gene enrichment analysis of the DEGs indicated multiple cellular processes, including oxidative phosphorylation, transcription regulation, mitochondrial regulation, oestrogen signalling pathway, HIF-1 signalling pathway, TNF signalling pathway, were involved in the response to oxygen concentration alterations. Taken together, these results indicated that a low oxygen concentration improved the developmental competence of yak oocytes.
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11
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Fabra MC, Izquierdo I, Anchordoquy JM, Anchordoquy JP, Carranza-Martín AC, Nikoloff N, Furnus CC. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid during preimplantation development of cattle embryos when there were different in vitro culture conditions. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 221:106550. [PMID: 32861112 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In many species, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is essential for embryo development. There, therefore, was investigation of effects of ALA supplementation to culture media for in vitro development of cattle embryos. In Experiment I, there were assessments of embryo production and oxidative status of cattle embryos derived by in vitro maturation and fertilization (IVM/IVF)that were cultured until the blastocyst stage of development using different ALA concentrations (5, 25 and 100 μM), fetal bovine serum (FBS) and amino acids (aa) as well as 20 % oxygen (O2) in the culture atmosphere. In Experiment II, embryos were cultured without FBS, at different ALA concentrations (2.5, 5 and 7.5 μM) and in the presence or absence of aa when there was a 7 % O2 atmosphere. Embryo development rates and blastocyst quality were evaluated. With 20 % O2 concentration, treatment with 100 μM ALA resulted in lesser hatching rates and development to the blastocyst stage (P < 0.01), while with supplementation with 5 μM ALA there were lesser (P = 0.04) glutathione concentrations and greater protein contents of embryos (P < 0.01). Culturing in the 7 % O2 atmosphere, combined with supplementation with 2.5 μM ALA with FBS and aa resulted in a greater blastocyst cell number (P = 0.03) and lesser hatching rates (P = 0.04). Taken together, results indicate supplementation with the greater ALA concentrations resulted in impairment of embryo development, regardless of the O2 concentration imposed during the culture period, while the relatively lesser supplementation-concentrations with ALA led to improvements in embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Fabra
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isabel Izquierdo
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan M Anchordoquy
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan P Anchordoquy
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana C Carranza-Martín
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noelia Nikoloff
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia C Furnus
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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12
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De Munck N, Janssens R, Segers I, Tournaye H, Van de Velde H, Verheyen G. Influence of ultra-low oxygen (2%) tension on in-vitro human embryo development. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:228-234. [PMID: 30576441 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is a reduction in the oxygen tension from 5 to 2% during extended culture from Day 3 onwards beneficial for human blastocyst development in vitro? SUMMARY ANSWER A reduction in oxygen concentration from 5 to 2% O2 after Day 3 did not improve embryo development, quality and utilization rate. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The human embryo leaves the fallopian tube to reach the uterine cavity around Day 3-4 post-ovulation. As the oxygen concentration ranges from 5 to 7% in the fallopian tube and decreases to 2% in the uterus, reducing the oxygen tension during extended culture from Day 3 onwards seems more physiological. We aim to mimic the in-vivo environment during in-vitro embryo culture. Therefore, we compared the effect of extended culture performed at 5% (control arm) or 2% oxygen (O2; study arm) tension on blastocyst formation and quality. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Between December 2016 and September 2017, in two prospective studies, sibling embryos were randomized on Day 3 to either 5% O2 (control) or 2% O2 (study) for extended culture. In the control arms of both studies 1 and 2, the dishes with blastocyst medium were pre-equilibrated overnight in 5% O2, 6% CO2 and 89% N2 at 37°C. In the 2% study groups, the overnight pre-equilibration of blastocyst media was performed in either 2% O2 (study 1, 99 cycles) or 5% O2 (study 2, 126 cycles). The latter provides a gradual transition from 5 to 2% O2 environment for the study arm. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS Embryo culture until Day 3 was always performed in 5% O2; if at least four embryos of moderate to excellent quality were obtained on Day 3, the sibling embryos were randomized to either 5% O2 or 2% O2 for extended culture. The endpoints were embryo development and quality on Day 5/6 and the utilization rate (embryos transferred and cryopreserved). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, a P-value of <0.05 was considered significantly different. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In study 1, 811 embryos were randomized on Day 3: 405 to the 2% O2 and 406 to the 5% O2 condition. No differences were observed in the blastulation rate (68.6 versus 71.9%; P = 0.319) and the proportion of good quality blastocysts on Day 5 (55.8 versus 55.2%; P = 0.888), nor in the utilization rate (53.1 versus 53.2%; P = 1.000). In study 2, 1144 embryos were randomized: 572 in each arm. Similarly, no significant difference was demonstrated in terms of the blastulation rate (63.6 versus 64.7%; P = 0.758), the proportion of good quality blastocysts (46.9 versus 48.8%; P = 0.554) or the utilization rate (49.8 versus 48.1%; P = 0.953). LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION This study evaluated embryo development only until Day 5/6. The effect of oxidative stress on the developing embryo may only become evident at later stages (i.e. during implantation) and should therefore be studied in an RCT. The question also remains as to whether the switch to ultra-low oxygen tension from Day 4 onwards, when the embryo arrives in the uterus in vivo, would be preferential. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Based on the present study results, there is no benefit in lowering the oxygen tension from 5 to 2% from Day 3 onwards during extended human embryo culture. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(s) No funding was received for this study and the authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- N De Munck
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Janssens
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Segers
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Tournaye
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Van de Velde
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Verheyen
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Belli M, Antonouli S, Palmerini MG, Bianchi S, Bernardi S, Khalili MA, Donfrancesco O, Nottola SA, Macchiarelli G. The effect of low and ultra-low oxygen tensions on mammalian embryo culture and development in experimental and clinical IVF. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2020; 66:229-235. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2020.1754961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Belli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Sevastiani Antonouli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Palmerini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Serena Bianchi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Sara Bernardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Orlando Donfrancesco
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Annarita Nottola
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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14
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Abstract
The process of embryonic development is crucial and radically influences preimplantation embryo competence. It involves oocyte maturation, fertilization, cell division and blastulation and is characterized by different key phases that have major influences on embryo quality. Each stage of the process of preimplantation embryonic development is led by important signalling pathways that include very many regulatory molecules, such as primary and secondary messengers. Many studies, both in vivo and in vitro, have shown the importance of the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as important second messengers in embryo development. ROS may originate from embryo metabolism and/or oocyte/embryo surroundings, and their effect on embryonic development is highly variable, depending on the needs of the embryo at each stage of development and on their environment (in vivo or under in vitro culture conditions). Other studies have also shown the deleterious effects of ROS in embryo development, when cellular tissue production overwhelms antioxidant production, leading to oxidative stress. This stress is known to be the cause of many cellular alterations, such as protein, lipid, and DNA damage. Considering that the same ROS level can have a deleterious effect on the fertilizing oocyte or embryo at certain stages, and a positive effect at another stage of the development process, further studies need to be carried out to determine the rate of ROS that benefits the embryo and from what rate it starts to be harmful, this measured at each key phase of embryonic development.
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15
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Shahzad Q, Pu L, Ahmed Wadood A, Waqas M, Xie L, Shekhar Pareek C, Xu H, Liang X, Lu Y. Proteomics Analysis Reveals that Warburg Effect along with Modification in Lipid Metabolism Improves In Vitro Embryo Development under Low Oxygen. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1996. [PMID: 32183390 PMCID: PMC7139666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism regulating embryo development under reduced oxygen tension remains elusive. This study aimed to identify the molecular mechanism impacting embryo development under low oxygen conditions. Buffalo embryos were cultured under 5% or 20% oxygen and were evaluated according to their morphological parameters related to embryo development. The protein profiles of these embryos were compared using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. Physiological O2 (5%) significantly promoted blastocyst yield, hatching rate, embryo quality and cell count as compared to atmospheric O2 (20%). The embryos in the 5% O2 group had an improved hatching rate of cryopreserved blastocysts post-warming (p < 0.05). Comparative proteome profiles of hatched blastocysts cultured under 5% vs. 20% O2 levels identified 43 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Functional analysis indicated that DEPs were mainly associated with glycolysis, fatty acid degradation, inositol phosphate metabolism and terpenoid backbone synthesis. Our results suggest that embryos under physiological oxygen had greater developmental potential due to the pronounced Warburg Effect (aerobic glycolysis). Moreover, our proteomic data suggested that higher lipid degradation, an elevated cholesterol level and a higher unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio might be involved in the better cryo-survival ability reported in embryos cultured under low oxygen. These data provide new information on the early embryo protein repertoire and general molecular mechanisms of embryo development under varying oxygen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaisar Shahzad
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China; (Q.S.); (L.P.); (A.A.W.); (M.W.); (L.X.)
| | - Liping Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China; (Q.S.); (L.P.); (A.A.W.); (M.W.); (L.X.)
| | - Armughan Ahmed Wadood
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China; (Q.S.); (L.P.); (A.A.W.); (M.W.); (L.X.)
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China; (Q.S.); (L.P.); (A.A.W.); (M.W.); (L.X.)
| | - Long Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China; (Q.S.); (L.P.); (A.A.W.); (M.W.); (L.X.)
| | - Chandra Shekhar Pareek
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- Division of Functional genomics in biological and biomedical research, Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Huiyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China; (Q.S.); (L.P.); (A.A.W.); (M.W.); (L.X.)
| | - Xianwei Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics and Breeding, Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese 10 Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanning 530001, China;
| | - Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China; (Q.S.); (L.P.); (A.A.W.); (M.W.); (L.X.)
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16
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Lee SC, Seo HC, Lee J, Jun JH, Choi KW. Effects of dynamic oxygen concentrations on the development of mouse pre- and peri-implantation embryos using a double-channel gas supply incubator system. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2019; 46:189-196. [PMID: 31813209 PMCID: PMC6919202 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2019.00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to evaluate the effects of different oxygen conditions (20% [high O2], 5% [low O2] and 5% decreased to 2% [dynamic O2]) on mouse pre- and peri-implantation development using a novel double-channel gas supply (DCGS) incubator (CNC Biotech Inc.) to alter the oxygen concentration during in vitro culture. Methods The high-O2 and low-O2 groups were cultured from the one-cell to the blastocyst stage under 20% and 5% oxygen concentrations, respectively. In the dynamic-O2 group, mouse embryos were cultured from the one-cell to the morula stage under 5% O2 for 3 days, followed by culture under 2% O2 to the blastocyst stage. To evaluate peri-implantation development, the blastocysts from the three groups were individually transferred to a fibronectin-coated dish and cultured to the outgrowth stage in droplets. Results The blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher in the low-O2 and dynamic-O2 groups than in the high-O2 group. The total cell number was significantly higher in the dynamic-O2 group than in the low-O2 and high-O2 groups. Additionally, the apoptotic index was significantly lower in the low-O2 and dynamic-O2 groups than in the high-O2 group. The trophoblast outgrowth rate and spread area were significantly higher in the low-O2 and dynamic-O2 groups than in the high-O2 group. Conclusion Our results showed that a dynamic oxygen concentration (decreasing from 5% to 2%) had beneficial effects on mouse pre- and peri-implantation development. Optimized, dynamic changing of oxygen concentrations using the novel DCGS incubator could improve the developmental competence of in vitro cultured embryos in a human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, BK21 PLUS Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, BK21 PLUS Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 PLUS Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
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17
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Kelley RL, Gardner DK. Individual culture and atmospheric oxygen during culture affect mouse preimplantation embryo metabolism and post-implantation development. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 39:3-18. [PMID: 31122833 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Does single embryo culture under atmospheric or reduced oxygen alter preimplantation metabolism and post-implantation development compared with culture in groups? DESIGN Mouse embryos were cultured under 5% or 20% oxygen, individually or in groups of 10. Spent media were analysed after 48, 72 and 96 h of culture. Blastocysts were assessed by outgrowth assay or transferred to pseudo-pregnant recipients, and fetal and placental weight, length and morphology were assessed. RESULTS Compared with group culture, individually cultured blastocysts had lower net consumption of glucose and aspartate and higher glutamate production. Atmospheric oxygen reduced uptake of glucose and aspartate and increased production of glutamate and ornithine compared with 5% oxygen. Combining 20% oxygen and single culture resulted in further metabolic changes: decreased leucine, methionine and threonine consumption. Under 5% oxygen, individual culture decreased placental labyrinth area but had no other effects on fetal and placental development or outgrowth size compared with group culture. Under 20% oxygen, however, individual culture reduced outgrowth size and fetal and placental weight compared with group-cultured embryos. CONCLUSIONS Preimplantation metabolism of glucose and amino acids is altered by both oxygen and individual culture, and fetal weight is reduced by individual culture under atmospheric oxygen but not 5% oxygen. This study raises concerns regarding the increasing prevalence of single embryo culture in human IVF and adds to the existing evidence regarding the detrimental effects of atmospheric oxygen during embryo culture. Furthermore, these data demonstrate the cumulative nature of stress during embryo culture and highlight the importance of optimizing each element of the culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Kelley
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David K Gardner
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria 3010, Australia.
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18
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Abstract
SummaryThis study aimed to compare the efficiency of different incubation systems for in vitro embryo production in bovine. Oocytes/embryos were cultured in three incubators: conventional – CONV, mini bench – MINI and portable – PORT. After in vitro maturation (IVM), oocytes were verified for maturation rate. The remaining structures were submitted to in vitro fertilization and culture to verify cleavage (day 2) and blastocyst (day 7) rates. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated in post-IVM oocytes and embryos (days 2 and 7) using arbitrary fluorescence units (AFUs). No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed for maturation rate. The CONV system (74.0%) produced the highest cleavage rate (P<0.05) when compared with PORT (59.5%), but similar (P>0.05) to MINI (65.0%). The same pattern and differences were observed for blastocyst rate: CONV (33.3%), MINI (32.3%) and PORT (21.9%). ROS levels were not different (P>0.05) in post-IVM oocytes: CONV (35.6±4.5), MINI (29.4±4.0) and PORT (35.6±4.5). For day-2 embryos, ROS levels were higher (P<0.05) in MINI (44.2±3.1) in comparison with CONV (27.7±3.7) and PORT (33.3±3.2). No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in blastocysts. In conclusion, although it produced high ROS levels at day 2 of culture, the MINI system was as efficient as the CONV system for blastocyst production. This option may be an interesting and economical for the in vitro embryo industry.
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19
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Dallemagne M, Ghys E, De Schrevel C, Mwema A, De Troy D, Rasse C, Donnay I. Oxidative stress differentially impacts male and female bovine embryos depending on the culture medium and the stress condition. Theriogenology 2018; 117:49-56. [PMID: 29859336 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Male and female embryos are known to differ for their metabolism and response to environmental factors very early in development. The present study aimed to evaluate the response to oxidative stress of male and female bovine embryos at the morula-blastocyst stages in terms of developmental rates, total cell number and apoptotic rates in two culture conditions. Embryos where cultured in a medium supplemented with either 5% fetal calf serum (FCS) or 4 mg/mL bovine serum albumin and a mixture of insulin, transferrin and selenium (BSA-ITS). Oxidative stress was applied at Day-5 post insemination (pi) by adding either AAPH or menadione to the culture medium, and blastocysts were analyzed at Day-7pi. The impact on development and blastocyst quality was dependent on the culture medium and the stress inducer but differed between male and female embryos. Male embryos resisted better to oxidative stress in FCS supplemented medium, no matter the stress inducer. Accordingly, the impact on blastocyst cell number tended to be higher in female blastocysts after stress induction with AAPH in FCS supplemented medium. On the other hand, in BSA-ITS supplemented medium, female embryos were more resistant to AAPH induced stress, while menadione had no impact on sex ratio. The weaker resistance of males to AAPH in this medium is in accordance with their trend to show a higher increase in apoptotic rates than females in this condition. In conclusion, this study shows that oxidative stress has differential impact on male and female bovine blastocysts depending on the culture condition and on the way oxidative stress is induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dallemagne
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle Ghys
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Catalina De Schrevel
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ariane Mwema
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Delphine De Troy
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Catherine Rasse
- Plate-forme technologique de Support en Méthodologie et Calcul Statistique, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Donnay
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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20
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Zhan S, Cao S, Du H, Sun Y, Li L, Ding C, Zheng H, Huang J. Parental genetic material and oxygen concentration affect hatch dynamics of mouse embryo in vitro. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:39. [PMID: 29679980 PMCID: PMC5911372 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hatching is crucial for mammalian embryo implantation, since difficulties during this process can lead to implantation failure, ectopic pregnancy and consequent infertility. Despite years of intensive researches, how internal and external factors affecting embryo hatch are still largely unclear. METHODS The effects of parental genetic material and oxygen concentration on hatch process were examined. Fertilized and parthenogenetic mouse preimplantation embryos were cultured in vitro under 5 and 20% oxygen for 120 h. Zona pellucida drilling by Peizo micromanipulation were performed to resemble the breach by sperm penetration. RESULTS Firstly, parthenogenetic embryos had similarly high blastocyst developmental efficiency as fertilized embryos, but significantly higher hatch ratio than fertilized embryos in both O2 concentrations. 5% O2 reduced the hatch rate of fertilized embryos from 58.2 to 23.8%, but increased that of parthenogenetic embryos from 81.2 to 90.8% significantly. Analogously, 5% O2 decreased the ratio of Oct4-positive cells in fertilized blastocysts, whereas increased that in parthenogenetic blastocysts. Additionally, 5% O2 increased the total embryonic cell number in both fertilized and parthegenetic embryos, when compared to 20% O2, and the total cell number of fertilized embryos was also higher than that of parthegenetic embryos, despite O2 concentration. Real-time PCR revealed that the expression of key genes involving in MAPK pathway and superoxide dismutase family might contribute to preimplantation development and consequent blastocyst hatch in vitro. Finally, we showed that fertilized and parthenogenetic embryos have diverse hatch dynamics in vitro, although the zona pellucida integrity is not the main reason for their mechanistic differences. CONCLUSION Both parental genetic material and O2 concentration, as the representative of intrinsic and extrinsic factors respectively, have significant impacts on mouse preimplantation development and subsequent hatch dynamics, probably by regulating the gene expression involving in MAPK pathway and superoxide dismutase family to control embryonic cell proliferation and allocation of ICM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoquan Zhan
- 0000 0004 1758 4591grid.417009.bCenter for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, and Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Shanbo Cao
- 0000 0004 1758 4591grid.417009.bCenter for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, and Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Beijing Acorndx Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100176 China
| | - Hongzi Du
- 0000 0004 1758 4591grid.417009.bCenter for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, and Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Yuan Sun
- 0000 0004 1758 4591grid.417009.bCenter for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, and Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Li Li
- 0000 0004 1758 4591grid.417009.bCenter for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, and Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Chenhui Ding
- 0000 0001 2360 039Xgrid.12981.33Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- 0000 0004 1758 4591grid.417009.bCenter for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, and Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjiu Huang
- 0000 0004 1758 4591grid.417009.bCenter for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, and Key Laboratory for Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- 0000 0001 2360 039Xgrid.12981.33Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Li W, Goossens K, Van Poucke M, Forier K, Braeckmans K, Van Soom A, Peelman LJ. High oxygen tension increases global methylation in bovine 4-cell embryos and blastocysts but does not affect general retrotransposon expression. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 28:948-959. [PMID: 25515369 DOI: 10.1071/rd14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrotransposons are transposable elements that insert extra copies of themselves throughout the genome via an RNA intermediate using a 'copy and paste' mechanism. They account for more than 44% of the bovine genome and have been reported to be functional, especially during preimplantation embryo development. In the present study, we tested whether high oxygen tension (20% O2) influences global DNA methylation analysed by immunofluorescence staining of developing bovine embryos and whether this has an effect on the expression of some selected retrotransposon families. High oxygen tension significantly increased global DNA methylation in 4-cell embryos and blastocysts. A significant expression difference was observed for ERV1-1-I_BT in female blastocysts, but no significant changes were observed for the other retrotransposon families tested. Therefore, the study indicates that global DNA methylation is not necessarily correlated with retrotransposon expression in bovine preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Li
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Karen Goossens
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Mario Van Poucke
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Katrien Forier
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy,Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy,Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc J Peelman
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Bittner L, Wyck S, Herrera C, Siuda M, Wrenzycki C, van Loon B, Bollwein H. Negative effects of oxidative stress in bovine spermatozoa on in vitro development and DNA integrity of embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:1359-1368. [DOI: 10.1071/rd17533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress in spermatozoa has effects on subsequent embryo development. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether sperm oxidative stress results in increased DNA damage in the embryo. To this end, bovine spermatozoa were incubated for 1 h at 37°C without or with 100 µM H2O2, resulting in non-oxidised (NOX-S) and oxidised (OX-S) spermatozoa respectively. Non-incubated spermatozoa served as the control group (CON-S). After IVF, developmental rates 30, 46 and 60 h and 7 days after IVF were assessed. DNA damage was analysed in embryos using the comet assay and a DNA damage marker (γH2AX immunostaining); the apoptotic index was determined in blastocysts. Exposure of spermatozoa to H2O2 induced a significant amount of sperm chromatin damage. The use of OX-S in IVF resulted in significantly reduced cleavage and blastocyst rates compared with the use of CON-S and NOX-S. Furthermore, in embryos resulting from the use of OX-S, a developmental delay was evident 30 and 46 h after IVF. γH2AX immunostaining was lower in blastocysts than in early embryos. In blastocysts, the comet and apoptotic indices were significantly higher in embryos resulting from the use of OX-S than CON-S and NOX-S. In conclusion, oxidative stress in spermatozoa induces developmental abnormalities and is a source of DNA damage in the resulting embryos.
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Carvalho AV, Canon E, Jouneau L, Archilla C, Laffont L, Moroldo M, Ruffini S, Corbin E, Mermillod P, Duranthon V. Different co-culture systems have the same impact on bovine embryo transcriptome. Reproduction 2017; 154:695-710. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
During the last few years, several co-culture systems using either BOEC or VERO feeder cells have been developed to improve bovine embryo development and these systems give better results at high oxygen concentration (20%). In parallel, the SOF medium, used at 5% O2, has been developed to mimic the oviduct fluid. Since 2010s, the SOF medium has become popular in improving bovine embryo development and authors have started to associate this medium to co-culture systems. Nevertheless, little is known about the putative benefit of this association on early development. To address this question, we have compared embryo transcriptomes in four different culture conditions: SOF with BOEC or VERO at 20% O2, and SOF without feeders at 5% or 20% O2. Embryos have been analyzed at 16-cell and blastocyst stages. Co-culture systems did not improve the developmental rate when compared to 5% O2. Direct comparison of the two co-culture systems failed to highlight major differences in embryo transcriptome at both developmental stages. Both feeder cell types appear to regulate the same cytokines and growth factors pathways, and thus to influence embryo physiology in the same way. In blastocysts, when compared to culture in SOF at 5% O2, BOEC or VERO seems to reduce cell survival and differentiation by, at least, negatively regulating STAT3 and STAT5 pathways. Collectively, in SOF medium both blastocysts rate and embryo transcriptome suggest no influence of feeder origin on bovine early development and no beneficial impact of co-culture systems when compared to 5% O2.
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Ali I, Liu HX, Zhong-Shu L, Dong-Xue M, Xu L, Shah SZA, Ullah O, Nan-Zhu F. Reduced glutathione alleviates tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse preimplantation embryos. J Reprod Dev 2017; 64:15-24. [PMID: 29081452 PMCID: PMC5830354 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a dysfunction in protein-folding capacity, is involved in many pathological and physiological responses, including embryonic development. This study aims to determine the
developmental competence, apoptosis, and stress-induced gene expression in mouse preimplantation embryos grown in an in vitro culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of the ER stress
inducer tunicamycin (TM) and the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Treatment of zygotes with 0.5 µg/ml TM significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the rate of blastocyst formation, whereas 1 mM GSH supplementation improved the
developmental rate of blastocysts. Furthermore, TM treatment significantly increased (P < 0.05) the apoptotic index and reduced the total number of cells, whereas GSH significantly increased the total number of cells
and decreased the apoptotic index. The expression levels of ER chaperones, including immunoglobulin-binding protein, activating transcription factor 6, double-stranded activated protein kinase-like ER kinase, activating
transcription factor 4, and C/EBP homologous protein were significantly increased (P < 0.05) by TM, but significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by GSH treatment. A similar pattern was observed in the case of the
pro-apoptotic gene, B cell lymphoma-associated X protein. The expression level of the anti-apoptotic gene B cell lymphoma 2, was decreased by TM, but significantly increased after co-treatment with GSH. In conclusion,
GSH improves the developmental potential of mouse embryos and significantly alleviates ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ali
- 1) Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Hai Xing Liu
- 1) Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Li Zhong-Shu
- 1) Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Ma Dong-Xue
- 1) Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Lijie Xu
- 1) Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Syed Zahid Ali Shah
- 2) National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agro Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Obaid Ullah
- 1) Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Fang Nan-Zhu
- 1) Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
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25
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Ali I, Shah SZA, Jin Y, Li ZS, Ullah O, Fang NZ. Reactive oxygen species-mediated unfolded protein response pathways in preimplantation embryos. J Vet Sci 2017; 18:1-9. [PMID: 28057903 PMCID: PMC5366292 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated responses are critical to embryonic development in the challenging in vitro environment. ROS production increases during early embryonic development with the increase in protein requirements for cell survival and growth. The ER is a multifunctional cellular organelle responsible for protein folding, modification, and cellular homeostasis. ER stress is activated by a variety of factors including ROS. Such stress leads to activation of the adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR), which restores homeostasis. However, chronic stress can exceed the toleration level of the ER, resulting in cellular apoptosis. In this review, we briefly describe the generation and impact of ROS in preimplantation embryo development, the ROS-mediated activation mechanism of the UPR via the ER, and the subsequent activation of signaling pathways following ER stress in preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ali
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Syed Zahid Ali Shah
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agro Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zhong-Shu Li
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Obaid Ullah
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Nan-Zhu Fang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
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26
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Arraztoa CC, Baca Castex C, Alvarez GM, Cetica PD, Neild DM. In vitro production of porcine zygotes using intracytoplasmic injection of vitrified sperm. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:775-780. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- CC Arraztoa
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Cátedra de Teriogenología; Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA-UBA); Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - C Baca Castex
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Cátedra de Teriogenología; Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA-UBA); Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - GM Alvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Cátedra de Química Biológica; Unidad Ejecutora de Investigación en Producción Animal (INPA, UBA-CONICET); Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA-UBA); Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - PD Cetica
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Cátedra de Química Biológica; Unidad Ejecutora de Investigación en Producción Animal (INPA, UBA-CONICET); Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA-UBA); Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - DM Neild
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Cátedra de Teriogenología; Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal (INITRA-UBA); Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
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27
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Bhardwaj R, Ansari MM, Parmar MS, Chandra V, Sharma GT. Stem Cell Conditioned Media Contains Important Growth Factors and Improves In Vitro Buffalo Embryo Production. Anim Biotechnol 2016; 27:118-25. [PMID: 26913553 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2015.1118383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of MSCs-conditioned media (CM) on quality buffalo embryo production in vitro. MSCs were harvested from Wharton's jelly of 2-3 month old fetus and MSCs CM was collected. Immunocytochemistry and western blot assay revealed that MSCs secrete several important growth factors viz. FGF-2, IGF-1, LIF, TGF-β, and VEGF. Slaughterhouse derived culture grade cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured and fertilized in vitro. Presumptive zygotes were divided in four groups and cultured in vitro in respective media viz. group I (100% mSOF), Group II (100% Knockout Media DMEM+SR), Group III (50% CM + 50% mSOF), and group IV (100% CM). It was found that though the cleavage rate did not changed significantly (p < 0.05), but blastocyst rate was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in Group III and IV (24.24 ± 1.34 and 23.29 ± 1.25, respectively) compared to group I and II (16.04 ± 1.46 and 17.72 ± 0.94, respectively). Similarly, TCN was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 50% CM and 100% CM replacement group (93.33 ± 1.91 and 92.13 ± 1.04, respectively) than the other two groups. It can be concluded from the study that MSCs secrete several important growth factors and MSCs-CM can be effectively used for enhancement of quality buffalo embryo production in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhardwaj
- a Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology and Climatology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , India
| | - Matin M Ansari
- a Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology and Climatology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , India
| | - Mehtab S Parmar
- a Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology and Climatology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- a Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology and Climatology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- a Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology and Climatology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , India
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Kelley RL, Gardner DK. Combined effects of individual culture and atmospheric oxygen on preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33:537-549. [PMID: 27569702 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Embryos are routinely cultured individually, although this can reduce blastocyst development. Culture in atmospheric (20%) oxygen is also common, despite multiple detrimental effects on embryos. Although frequently occurring together, the consequences of this combination are unknown. Mouse embryos were cultured individually or grouped, under physiological (5%) or atmospheric (20%) oxygen. Embryos were assessed by time-lapse and blastocyst cell allocation. Compared with the control group (5% oxygen group culture), 5-cell cleavage (t5) was delayed in 5% oxygen individual culture and 20% oxygen group culture (59.91 ± 0.23, 60.70 ± 0.29, 63.06 ± 0.32 h post-HCG respectively, P < 0.05). Embryos in 20% oxygen individual culture were delayed earlier (3-cell cleavage), and at t5 cleaved later than embryos in other treatments (66.01 ± 0.40 h, P < 0.001), this delay persisting to blastocyst hatching. Compared with controls, hatching rate and cells per blastocyst were reduced in 5% oxygen single culture and 20% oxygen group culture (134.1 ± 3.4, 104.5 ± 3.2, 73.4 ± 2.2 cells, P < 0.001), and were further reduced in 20% oxygen individual culture (57.0 ± 2.8 cells, P < 0.001), as was percentage inner cell mass. These data indicate combining individual culture and 20% oxygen is detrimental to embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Kelley
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - David K Gardner
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Differences in developmental competence and gene expression profiles between buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) preimplantation embryos cultured in three different embryo culture media. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:1973-86. [PMID: 27481470 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-0010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare effects of in vitro culture systems on embryonic development and expression patterns of developmentally important genes in preimplantation buffalo embryos. After IVM/IVF presumptive zygotes were cultured in one of three systems: undefined TCM-199, mCR2aa medium supplemented with 10 % FBS and defined PVA-myo-inositol-phosphate-EGF medium. No (P > 0.05) differences at 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell to 16- cell stages were observed among the three cultured media used, however, increased (P < 0.05) blastocyst yield, cell number and hatching rate were found in defined medium compared to undefined media. The expression patterns of genes implicated in embryo metabolism (GLUT-1), anti-apoptosis (BCL-2), imprinting (IGF-2R), DNA methylation (DNMT-3A) and maternal recognition of pregnancy (IFNT) were increased (P < 0.05) in hatched blastocysts derived from defined medium compared to undefined media. In conclusion, serum-free, defined medium improved developmental competence of in vitro cultured buffalo embryos. Whether these differences in morphological development and gene expression have long-term effects on buffalo calves born after embryo transfer remains unknown. However, it is possible that early adaptations of the preimplantation embryo to its environment persist during fetal and post-natal development.
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Suttirojpattana T, Somfai T, Matoba S, Parnpai R, Nagai T, Geshi M. Effect of medium additives during liquid storage on developmental competence of in vitro matured bovine oocytes. Anim Sci J 2016; 88:231-240. [PMID: 27169667 PMCID: PMC5298027 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to improve the developmental competence of bovine oocytes during their liquid storage by using additives. In vitro matured oocytes were stored for 20 h at 25°C in HEPES buffered TCM 199 medium (base medium). After storage, in vitro embryo development after in vitro fertilization was compared to those of non-stored (control) ones. Addition of 10% (v/v) newborn calf serum or 10.27 mmol/L pyruvate alone to the base medium did not improve blastocyst formation rates in stored oocytes; however, their simultaneous addition significantly improved the rate compared with those stored in base medium (P < 0.05). Supplementation of the holding medium with dithiothreitol (DTT) at any concentrations did not improve embryo development from stored oocytes. Although supplementation with cyclosporine A (CsA) significantly reduced apoptosis and membrane damage rates during storage, it did not improve the developmental competence of oocytes. 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy) ethane N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis-acetoxymethyl ester and ruthenium red had no effect on oocyte apoptotic rates. Blastocyst formation rates in all stored groups remained significantly lower than that of the control. In conclusion, pyruvate and serum had a synergic effect to moderate the reduction of oocyte quality during storage, whereas mitochondrial membrane pore inhibitor CsA and the antioxidant DTT did not affect their developmental competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayita Suttirojpattana
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.,Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tamas Somfai
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satoko Matoba
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Rangsun Parnpai
- Embryo Technology and Stem Cell Research Center, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Food and Fertilizer Technology Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masaya Geshi
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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Yang Y, Xu Y, Ding C, Khoudja RY, Lin M, Awonuga AO, Dai J, Puscheck EE, Rappolee DA, Zhou C. Comparison of 2, 5, and 20 % O2 on the development of post-thaw human embryos. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:919-27. [PMID: 27007876 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of 2, 5, and 20 % O2 on post-thaw day 3 human embryo culture until blastocyst stage. METHODS One hundred fifty-five day 3 human embryos were used. One hundred twenty out of 155 embryos were recovered after thawing. Surviving embryos were distributed into 2, 5, or 20 % O2 groups and cultured for 2.5 days. At the end of culture, blastocyst formation was assessed, and then, embryos were collected for RT-qPCR or immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS Using visible blastocoel to define blastocyst formation, 58.7 % (27/46) of surviving day 3 embryos formed blastocyst at 2 % O2, 63.6 % (28/44) at 5 % O2, and 66.7 % (20/30) at 20 % O2. The difference in blastocyst formation rates was not significant. Average blastocyst cell number was 119.44 ± 11.64 at 2 % O2, 142.55 ± 22.47 at 5 % O2, and 97.29 ± 14.87 at 20 % O2. Average apoptotic rate was 4.7 % ± 0.4 % for blastocyst formed at 2 % O2, 3.5 % ± 0.7 % at 5 % O2, and 5.8 % ± 1.1 % at 20 % O2. Apoptosis rate was significantly lower for blastocysts formed at 5 % O2 (p < 0.05). Compared with gene expression levels at 5 % O2, which were arbitrarily set as "1," 20 % O2 is associated with significantly higher expression of BAX (2.14 ± 0.47), G6PD (2.92 ± 1.06), MnSOD (2.87 ± 0.88), and HSP70.1 (8.68 ± 4.19). For all genes tested, no significant differences were found between 2 and 5 % O2. CONCLUSION The result suggests that development of cryopreserved human embryos from day 3 to blastocyst stage benefits from culture at 5 % O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Ob/Gyn, Wayne State University Medical School, 275 East Hancock Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Reproductive Sciences/Physiology, Wayne State University Medical School, 540 East Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenhui Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rabea Youcef Khoudja
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingmei Lin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Awoniyi O Awonuga
- Ob/Gyn, Wayne State University Medical School, 275 East Hancock Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Jing Dai
- Ob/Gyn, Wayne State University Medical School, 275 East Hancock Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Puscheck
- Ob/Gyn, Wayne State University Medical School, 275 East Hancock Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Daniel A Rappolee
- Ob/Gyn, Wayne State University Medical School, 275 East Hancock Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Reproductive Sciences/Physiology, Wayne State University Medical School, 540 East Canfield, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Canquan Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
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Pang YW, Sun YQ, Sun WJ, Du WH, Hao HS, Zhao SJ, Zhu HB. Melatonin inhibits paraquat-induced cell death in bovine preimplantation embryos. J Pineal Res 2016; 60:155-66. [PMID: 26607207 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation embryos are sensitive to oxidative stress-induced damage that can be caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from normal embryonic metabolism and/or the external surroundings. Paraquat (PQ), a commonly used pesticide and potent ROS generator, can induce embryotoxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on PQ-induced damage during embryonic development in bovine preimplantation embryos. PQ treatment significantly reduced the ability of bovine embryos to develop to the blastocyst stage, and the addition of melatonin markedly reversed the developmental failure caused by PQ (20.9% versus 14.3%). Apoptotic assay showed that melatonin pretreatment did not change the total cell number in blastocysts, but the incidence of apoptotic nuclei and the release of cytochrome c were significantly decreased. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, we found that melatonin pre-incubation significantly altered the expression levels of genes associated with redox signaling, particularly by attenuating the transcript level of Txnip and reinforcing the expression of Trx. Furthermore, melatonin pretreatment significantly reduced the expression of the pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and Bax, while the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and XIAP was unaffected. Western blot analysis showed that melatonin protected bovine embryos from PQ-induced damage in a p38-dependent manner, but extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) did not appear to be involved. Together, these results identify an underlying mechanism by which melatonin enhances the developmental potential of bovine preimplantation embryos under oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wei Pang
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Qing Sun
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jun Sun
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hua Du
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Sheng Hao
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shan-Jiang Zhao
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua-Bin Zhu
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ventura-Juncá P, Irarrázaval I, Rolle AJ, Gutiérrez JI, Moreno RD, Santos MJ. In vitro fertilization (IVF) in mammals: epigenetic and developmental alterations. Scientific and bioethical implications for IVF in humans. Biol Res 2015; 48:68. [PMID: 26683055 PMCID: PMC4684609 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-015-0059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in animals and humans implies an extraordinary change in the environment where the beginning of a new organism takes place. In mammals fertilization occurs in the maternal oviduct, where there are unique conditions for guaranteeing the encounter of the gametes and the first stages of development of the embryo and thus its future. During this period a major epigenetic reprogramming takes place that is crucial for the normal fate of the embryo. This epigenetic reprogramming is very vulnerable to changes in environmental conditions such as the ones implied in IVF, including in vitro culture, nutrition, light, temperature, oxygen tension, embryo-maternal signaling, and the general absence of protection against foreign elements that could affect the stability of this process. The objective of this review is to update the impact of the various conditions inherent in the use of IVF on the epigenetic profile and outcomes of mammalian embryos, including superovulation, IVF technique, embryo culture and manipulation and absence of embryo-maternal signaling. It also covers the possible transgenerational inheritance of the epigenetic alterations associated with assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including its phenotypic consequences as is in the case of the large offspring syndrome (LOS). Finally, the important scientific and bioethical implications of the results found in animals are discussed in terms of the ART in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Ventura-Juncá
- Bioethical Center and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Bioethics Center, Universidad Finis Terrae, Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Providencia, Región Metropolitana, 7501015, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Isabel Irarrázaval
- Bioethical Center and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Augusto J Rolle
- Bioethical Center and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan I Gutiérrez
- Bioethical Center and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ricardo D Moreno
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Manuel J Santos
- Bioethical Center and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Fakruzzaman M, Ghanem N, Bang JI, Ha AN, Lee KL, Sohn SH, Wang Z, Lee DS, Kong IK. Effect of peroxiredoxin II on the quality and mitochondrial activity of pre-implantation bovine embryos. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 159:172-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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de Waal E, Mak W, Calhoun S, Stein P, Ord T, Krapp C, Coutifaris C, Schultz RM, Bartolomei MS. In vitro culture increases the frequency of stochastic epigenetic errors at imprinted genes in placental tissues from mouse concepti produced through assisted reproductive technologies. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:22. [PMID: 24337315 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.114785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have enabled millions of couples with compromised fertility to conceive children. Nevertheless, there is a growing concern regarding the safety of these procedures due to an increased incidence of imprinting disorders, premature birth, and low birth weight in ART-conceived offspring. An integral aspect of ART is the oxygen concentration used during in vitro development of mammalian embryos, which is typically either atmospheric (~20%) or reduced (5%). Both oxygen tension levels have been widely used, but 5% oxygen improves preimplantation development in several mammalian species, including that of humans. To determine whether a high oxygen tension increases the frequency of epigenetic abnormalities in mouse embryos subjected to ART, we measured DNA methylation and expression of several imprinted genes in both embryonic and placental tissues from concepti generated by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and exposed to 5% or 20% oxygen during culture. We found that placentae from IVF embryos exhibit an increased frequency of abnormal methylation and expression profiles of several imprinted genes, compared to embryonic tissues. Moreover, IVF-derived placentae exhibit a variety of epigenetic profiles at the assayed imprinted genes, suggesting that these epigenetic defects arise by a stochastic process. Although culturing embryos in both of the oxygen concentrations resulted in a significant increase of epigenetic defects in placental tissues compared to naturally conceived controls, we did not detect significant differences between embryos cultured in 5% and those cultured in 20% oxygen. Thus, further optimization of ART should be considered to minimize the occurrence of epigenetic errors in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric de Waal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Nelis H, D'Herde K, Goossens K, Vandenberghe L, Leemans B, Forier K, Smits K, Braeckmans K, Peelman L, Van Soom A. Equine oviduct explant culture: a basic model to decipher embryo–maternal communication. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014; 26:954-66. [DOI: 10.1071/rd13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine embryos remain for 6 days in the oviduct and thus there is a need for an in vitro model to study embryo–oviductal interactions in the horse, since this subtle way of communication is very difficult to analyse in vivo. Until now, no equine oviduct explant culture model has been characterised both morphologically and functionally. Therefore, we established a culture system for equine oviduct explants that maintained epithelial morphology during 6 days of culture, as revealed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. We demonstrated the presence of highly differentiated, tall columnar, pseudostratified epithelium with basal nuclei, numerous nucleoli, secretory granules and apical cilia, which is very similar to the in vivo situation. Both epithelium and stromal cells originating from the lamina propria are represented in the explants. Moreover, at least 98% of the cells remained membrane intact and fewer than 2% of the cells were apoptotic after 6 days of culture. Although dark-cell degeneration, which is a hypoxia-related type of cell death, was observed in the centre of the explants, quantitative real-time PCR failed to detect upregulation of the hypoxia-related marker genes HIF1A, VEGFA, uPA, GLUT1 and PAI1. Since the explants remained morphologically and functionally intact and since the system is easy to set up, it appears to be an excellent tool for proteome, transcriptome and miRNome analysis in order to unravel embryo–maternal interactions in the horse.
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Xiong X, Li J, Wang L, Zhong J, Zi X, Wang Y. Low
O
xygen
T
ension and
R
elative
D
efined
C
ulture
M
edium with 3, 4‐
D
ihydroxyflavone are
B
eneficial for
Y
ak–
B
ovine
I
nterspecies
S
omatic
C
ell
N
uclear
T
ransfer
E
mbryo. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 49:126-33. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X Xiong
- College of Life Science and Technology Southwest University for Nationalities Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - J Li
- College of Life Science and Technology Southwest University for Nationalities Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - L Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - J Zhong
- College of Life Science and Technology Southwest University for Nationalities Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - X Zi
- College of Life Science and Technology Southwest University for Nationalities Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Y Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology Southwest University for Nationalities Chengdu Sichuan China
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Pang YW, An L, Wang P, Yu Y, Yin QD, Wang XH, Xin-Zhang, Qian-Zhang, Yang ML, Min-Guo, Wu ZH, Tian JH. Treatment of porcine donor cells and reconstructed embryos with the antioxidant melatonin enhances cloning efficiency. J Pineal Res 2013; 54:389-97. [PMID: 24325731 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of melatonin during the culture of donor cells and cloned embryos on the in vitro developmental competence and quality of cloned porcine embryos. At concentrations of 10(-6 )M or 10(-8) M, melatonin significantly enhanced the proliferation of porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs), and the blastocyst rate was significantly increased in the 10(-10) M melatonin-treated donor cell group. Cloned embryo development was also improved in embryo culture medium that was supplemented with 10(-9) M or 10(-12) M melatonin. When both donor cells and cloned embryos were treated with melatonin, the cleavage rate and total cell number of blastocysts were not significantly affected; however, the blastocyst rate was increased significantly (20.0% versus 11.7%). TUNEL assays showed that combined melatonin treatment reduced the rate of apoptotic nuclei (3.6% versus 6.1%). Gene expression analysis of the apoptosis-related genes BAX, BCL2L1, and p53 showed that the expression of BCL2L1 was significantly elevated 2.7-fold relative to the control group, while the expression of BAX and p53 was significantly decreased by 3.7-fold and 23.2-fold, respectively. In addition, we detected the expression of two melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) in PFFs but not in porcine cloned embryos. We conclude that exogenous melatonin enhances the development of porcine cloned embryos and improves embryo quality by inhibiting p53-mediated apoptotic pathway. The proliferation of PFFs may be mediated by receptor binding, but the beneficial effects of melatonin on embryonic development may be receptor-independent, possibly through melatonin's ability to directly scavenge free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wei Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Green tea polyphenols added to IVM and IVC media affect transcript abundance, apoptosis, and pregnancy rates in bovine embryos. Theriogenology 2013; 79:186-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Batista M, Torres A, Diniz P, Mateus L, Lopes-da-Costa L. Development of a bovine luteal cell in vitro culture system suitable for co-culture with early embryos. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2012; 48:583-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-012-9552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Gad A, Schellander K, Hoelker M, Tesfaye D. Transcriptome profile of early mammalian embryos in response to culture environment. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 134:76-83. [PMID: 22917875 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Early embryonic development, the period from maturation until blastocyst formation, is one of the most critical periods of mammalian development involves various morphological, cellular, and biochemical changes related to genomic activity. During the post-fertilization period, several major developmental events occur in the embryo which are regulating by a harmonized expression of genes and strongly influenced by culture conditions. The products of these genes are involved in various biological processes including metabolism, growth factor/cytokine signaling, stress adaptation, transcription and translation, epigenetic regulation of transcription, apoptosis, compaction and blastocyst formation. Post-fertilization culture environment is known to be the most important factor determining the quality of the resulting embryos as indicated in terms of cryo-tolerance and relative abundance of transcripts. However, the exact effect of culture conditions on gene expression and subsequent influences on molecular pathways controlling early development is still unknown. A number of culture environmental factors can influence the gene expression of produced embryos such as media composition, serum supplementation, number of embryos present in the culture drop and gas atmosphere. During the last ten years several studies were concerned with differences in the transcriptome profile of embryos produced under different environmental conditions and its subsequent influence on embryo developmental competence. From these studies, several genes have been determined as candidate genes controlling preimplantation embryo development and affecting its quality. Here we will discuss results of different experiments investigated the effect of different culture conditions on the transcriptome profile of bovine blastocyst. These experiments identified molecular mechanisms and pathways that influenced by culture conditions and this will enable to launch strategies to modify culture conditions to enhance the development of competent blastocyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gad
- Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Takahashi M. Oxidative stress and redox regulation on in vitro development of mammalian embryos. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:1-9. [PMID: 22450278 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-138n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors affect development of mammalian preimplantation embryos in vitro. It is well known that in vitro development of bovine embryos is highly affected by culture condition including energy source, growth factors, pH or gas environment. Many efforts have been made towards the suitable environments which can successfully support embryo development in vitro. For a rapid growth and differentiation, embryo requires energy by utilizing ATP, NADPH with oxygen molecules. These energy substrates are produced from the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. In addition to energy production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also generated as by-product of such energy production system. ROS production is sensitively controlled by the balance of oxidizing and reducing status and affected by several antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) or low molecular weight thiols such as glutathione (GSH). Imbalance of oxidation and reduction causes production of excess ROS, which causes the developmental arrest, physical DNA damage, apoptosis induction or lipid peroxidation. Environmental oxygen condition during embryo culture also highly affects embryo development as well as intracellular redox balance. Several studies have revealed that regulation of intra- and extra- cellular reducing environment by reducing excess ROS by using antioxidants, reducing oxygen concentration are effective for improving embryo development. Also, recent studies have demonstrated the difference in gene expression affected by oxidative stress. This review briefly summarizes the effects of ROS and the role of redox balance on preimplantation embryos for improving the efficiency of in vitro production of mammalian embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Takahashi
- Livestock and Grassland Research Division, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan.
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Elamaran G, Singh KP, Singh MK, Singla SK, Chauhan MS, Manik RS, Palta P. Oxygen Concentration and Cysteamine Supplementation DuringIn vitroProduction of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryos Affect mRNA Expression ofBCL-2, BCL-XL, MCL-1, BAXandBID. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47:1027-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02009.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hirao Y, Shimizu M, Iga K, Takenouchi N. Optimization of oxygen concentration for growing bovine oocytes in vitro: constant low and high oxygen concentrations compromise the yield of fully grown oocytes. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:204-11. [PMID: 22223441 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-132m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxygen environment in cell culture has a significant impact on the health and performance of cells. Here, we compared the effects of reduced (5%) and ambient (20%) oxygen concentrations on bovine oocyte-granulosa cell complexes, each containing a growing oocyte 90-102 µm in diameter, cultured for 14 days. Both oxygen concentrations showed some advantages and disadvantages; in 5% oxygen, the survival rate of oocytes was significantly higher than in 20% oxygen, but the resulting oocytes were significantly smaller, which was a serious disadvantage. During the first 4 days of culture, the growth and viability of oocytes were satisfactory using 5% oxygen. This observation led us to examine the effect of changing the oxygen concentration from 5% to 20% on Day 4 in order to minimize the expected disadvantages of constant 5% and 20% oxygen. The largest population of fully grown oocytes was obtained from cultures in which the oxygen concentration was changed in this way, which also led to higher oocyte viability than in constant 20% oxygen. A similar tendency was found in the frequency of oocytes becoming blastocysts after in vitro fertilization. Surviving oocytes eventually became located within an enlarged dome-like structure, and although the 5% oxygen environment may have been appropriate for oocyte growth in the early stages, 20% oxygen may have been necessary for the growth of oocytes in the dome-like structure. These results indicate an effective way of modulating oxygen concentration according to the growth of oocyte-granulosa cell complexes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Hirao
- Livestock and Forage Research Division, Tohoku Agricultural Research Center (TARC), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Morioka, 020-0198, Japan.
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Abstract
The tension of oxygen measured in the oviducts of several mammals was 5-8.7 %, but this drops in the uterine milieu to <2 % in cows and primates. For embryo culture in human in vitro fertilization (IVF), a non-physiologic level of 20 % oxygen has been used for the past 30 years. However, several animal studies have shown that low levels of oxygen plays an important physiological role in reducing the high levels of detrimental reactive oxygen species within cells, influences the embryonic gene expression, helps with embryo metabolism of glucose, and enhances embryo development to blastocysts. However, clinical studies have given contradictory results. Nevertheless, in nearly all reports, some kind of improvement has been observed, either in embryo development or in implantation and no detriments have been reported. For these reasons, more and more IVF laboratories utilize low oxygen during embryo culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borut Kovačič
- Department of Human Reproduction and Gynecologic Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
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Gomes Sobrinho DB, Oliveira JBA, Petersen CG, Mauri AL, Silva LFI, Massaro FC, Baruffi RLR, Cavagna M, Franco JG. IVF/ICSI outcomes after culture of human embryos at low oxygen tension: a meta-analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:143. [PMID: 22044493 PMCID: PMC3229451 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved pregnancy, implantation, and birth rates have been reported after the use of reduced O2 concentration during embryo culture, mainly due to a reduction of the cumulative detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species. However, some studies have failed to report any positive effects. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of a low-O2 environment on IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. METHODS All available published and ongoing randomised trials that compared the effects of low (~5%; OC~5) and atmospheric (~20%; OC~20) oxygen concentrations on IVF/ICSI outcomes were included. Search strategies included online surveys of databases from 1980 to 2011. The outcomes measured were fertilisation rate, implantation rate and ongoing pregnancy rates. The fixed effects model was used to calculate the odds ratio. RESULTS Seven studies were included in this analysis. The pooled fertilisation rate did not differ significantly (P=0.54) between the group of oocytes cultured at low O2 tension and the group at atmospheric O2 tension. Concerning all cycles, the implantation (P=0.06) and ongoing pregnancy (P=0.051) rates were not significantly different between the group receiving transferred sets containing only OC~5 embryos and the group receiving transferred sets with only OC~20 embryos. In a meta-analysis performed for only those trials in which embryos were transferred on day 2/3, implantation (P=0.63) and ongoing pregnancy (P=0.19) rates were not significantly different between the groups. In contrast, when a meta-analysis was performed using only trials in which embryos were transferred on days 5 and 6 (at the blastocyst stage), the group with transferred sets of only OC~5 embryos showed a statistically significantly higher implantation rate (P=0.006) than the group receiving transferred sets with only OC~20 embryos, although the ongoing pregnancy (P=0.19) rates were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Despite some promising results, it seems too early to conclude that low O2 culture has an effect on IVF outcome. Additional randomised controlled trials are necessary before evidence-based recommendations can be provided. It should be emphasised that the present meta-analysis does not provide any evidence that low oxygen concentration is unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Gomes Sobrinho
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Joao Batista A Oliveira
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Claudia G Petersen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana L Mauri
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Liliane FI Silva
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabiana C Massaro
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Ricardo LR Baruffi
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Mario Cavagna
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Women's Health Reference Center, Hospital Perola Byington, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José G Franco
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Paulista Centre for Diagnosis, Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Felmer R, Arias M, Muñoz G, Rio J. Effect of different sequential and two-step culture systems on the development, quality, and RNA expression profile of bovine blastocysts produced in vitro. Mol Reprod Dev 2011; 78:403-14. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Evaluation of different culture systems with low oxygen tension on the development, quality and oxidative stress-related genes of bovine embryos produced in vitro. ZYGOTE 2011; 20:209-17. [PMID: 21429286 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199411000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the development, quality and gene expression profile of oxidative stress-related genes of bovine embryos cultured in different culture systems with low oxygen tension (5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2). The systems assessed included: (1) an incubator chamber; (2) a plastic bag; and (3) a foil bag. The choice of culture system had no effect on cleavage rate at 72 h. However, significant differences (P < 0.01) were observed in the rate of blastocysts registered at day 7 (29.8, 20.2 and 12.7% for incubator chamber, plastic bag and foil bag, respectively). Total number of cells did not differ between systems, although the proportion of ICM:total cells was affected particularly in the plastic bag (19.5%), compared with the incubator chamber (31.4%). In addition, significant differences were found in the apoptotic:total cell ratio (3.3, 6.5 and 8.8% for the incubator chamber, plastic bag and foil bag, respectively), with apoptotic nuclei localised mainly in the ICM compartment of the embryo. The amount of reactive oxygen species was also different between culture systems and this effect was correlated with a higher expression of SOD2, GSS and GPX1 genes in embryos cultured in the gassed bags as compared with embryos cultured in the incubator chamber. In conclusion, these results give evidence that, under low oxygen tension, the incubator chamber is more efficient and generates higher number of, and better quality, embryos than gassed bag systems evaluated here and this effect was probably due to an increased level of reactive oxygen species in the gassed bags, which upregulates the expression of some antioxidant enzymes to compensate for hyperoxia conditions.
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49
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Noninvasive bovine oocyte quality assessment: possibilities of a single oocyte culture. Theriogenology 2010; 74:1509-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Xu YN, Cui XS, Sun SC, Lee SE, Li YH, Kwon JS, Lee SH, Hwang KC, Kim NH. Mitochondrial dysfunction influences apoptosis and autophagy in porcine parthenotes developing in vitro. J Reprod Dev 2010; 57:143-50. [PMID: 21071887 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.10-110h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are important regulators of both apoptosis and autophagy. One of the triggers for mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which include hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. Recently, several studies have indicated that ROS may also be involved in the induction of autophagy. In the present study, we used H(2)O(2) to induce mitochondrial stress, examined apoptotic- and autophagic-related gene expression and observed LC3 protein (autophagosome presence marker) expression in porcine parthenotes developing in vitro. In porcine four-cell parthenotes cultured for 5 days in NCSU37 medium containing 0.4% BSA, the developmental rate and mitochondrial distribution did not differ from that of the group supplemented with 100 µM H(2)O(2) but was significantly decreased in the group supplemented with 500 µM H(2)O(2) (P<0.05). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that whereas normal shaped mitochondria were observed in blastocysts from the control group, abnormal mitochondria (mitophagy) and autophagic vacuoles were observed in blastocysts from the group that received 500 µM H(2)O(2). Furthermore, addition of H(2)O(2) (100 µM and 500 µM) decreased cell numbers (P<0.05) and increased both apoptosis (P<0.05) and LC3 protein expression in the blastocysts. Real-time RT-PCR showed that H(2)O(2) significantly decreased mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-xL but increased pro-apoptotic genes, Caspase 3 (Casp3) and Bak, and autophagy-related genes, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (Map1lc3b) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (Lamp2). However, the addition of H(2)O(2) had no effect on mRNA expression levels in nuclear DNA-encoded mitochondrial-related genes, cytochrome oxidase (Cox) 5a, Cox5b and Cox6b1, in blastocysts. These results suggest that H(2)O(2) leads to mitochondrial dysfunction that results in apoptosis and autophagy, which is possibly related to porcine early embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Nan Xu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
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