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Patel S, Saberi N, Pimental T, Teng P. Present status and future directions: Root resorption. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 4:892-921. [PMID: 35229320 PMCID: PMC9790676 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Root resorption is the loss of dental hard tissue because of odontoclastic action. In permanent teeth, it is undesirable and pathological in nature. Root resorption may occur on the inner aspect of the root canal (internal root resorption) or on the outer aspect of the root (external root resorption). Regardless of its location, root resorption is irreversible, and may result in discomfort for the patient, requires management and/or, in some cases, results in the premature loss of the affected tooth. Root resorption is often challenging to accurately diagnose and manage. The aim of this narrative review is to present the relevant literature on the aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management, as well as discuss the future directions of diagnosis and management of root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanon Patel
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUK,Specialist PracticeLondonUK
| | - Navid Saberi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tiago Pimental
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Peng‐Hui Teng
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUK
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2
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Lin S, Moreinos D, Kaufman AY, Abbott PV. Tooth Resorption - Part 1: The evolvement, rationales and controversies of tooth resorption. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:253-266. [PMID: 35559593 PMCID: PMC9546147 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In 1966, Andreasen and Hjørting‐Hansen were the first to describe a relationship between tooth resorption and dental trauma. However, Andreasen's original classification did not include other resorptive processes which have since been identified. Numerous articles have been published suggesting new terminology and definitions for tooth resorption. A uniform language with universally accepted terminology is crucial to eliminate the multiplicity of terms and definitions which only cause confusion within the profession. An electronic literature search was carried out in the PubMed database using the following keywords for articles published in English: “root resorption,” “inflammatory root resorption,” “replacement resorption,” “cervical resorption,” “trauma,” “ankylosis,” “surface resorption,” and “internal resorption.” The search also included textbooks and glossaries that may not have surfaced in the online search. This was done to identify articles related to tooth resorption and its etiology in dentistry. The aim of this review was to present the history that has led to the variety of terms and definitions for resorption. This review emphasizes the need for a clearer, simpler, and more comprehensive nomenclature for the various types of tooth resorption which are presented in Part 2 of this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaul Lin
- Department of Endodontic and Dental Trauma, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,The Gertner Institute Emergency Management and Disaster Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Daniel Moreinos
- Endodontics Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Arieh Y Kaufman
- Department of Endodontic and Dental Trauma, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Paul V Abbott
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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3
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Rabinovich IM, Snegirev MV, Golubeva SA, Markheev CI. [External cervical tooth root resorption]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2022; 101:73-78. [PMID: 35184538 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202210101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
External cervical tooth root resorption is one of the most aggressive types of pathological resorption. Due to the uncontrolled growth of resorptive tissue, irreversible loss of dentin and cement occurs. To date, there is no common position regarding the etiological factor and pathogenesis of invasive cervical resorption. The histological picture is similar to some fibro-bone lesions. The treatment outcome of the pathology is difficult to predict because elimination of the causative factor is often not sufficient for resorption arrest. Only the complete elimination of resorptive tissue helps to stop the process. The report describes a clinical case of a successful treatment of invasive cervical resorption of dental hard tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Rabinovich
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Snegirev
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Golubeva
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - C I Markheev
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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4
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Talpos-Niculescu RM, Nica LM, Popa M, Talpos-Niculescu S, Rusu LC. External cervical resorption: Radiological diagnosis and literature (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1065. [PMID: 34434279 PMCID: PMC8353645 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
External cervical resorption (ECR) is a relatively unknown and insidious pathology characterized by the loss of hard dental tissues such as: Enamel, cementum and dentine due to clastic function. It begins as a localized resorptive process that initiates on the area of the root beneath the epithelial attachment and the coronal part of the alveolar process, involving vital and non-vital tissues. Despite the fact that there are several potential predisposing factors related to ECR, its aetiology still remains poorly understood and more research is needed to establish the cause-and-effect relationship of all the etiological factors. Improved radiographic detection using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is required in order to correctly classify and assess this entity. This provides a three-dimensional insight into the lesion, regarding the location, the size, the depth and the circumferential spread of the ECR defect. It also allows establishment of the most efficacious treatment plan and management. The purpose of this literature review is to cover the relevant literature concerning the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical and radiological presentation and management of ECRs (based on the CBCT findings).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Maria Talpos-Niculescu
- Third Department, Discipline of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Research Center TADERP, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300070 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Luminita-Maria Nica
- Third Department, Discipline of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Research Center TADERP, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300070 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Malina Popa
- Second Department, Discipline of Pedodontics, Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300070 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Serban Talpos-Niculescu
- Second Department, Discipline of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300062 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laura Cristina Rusu
- First Department, Discipline of Oral Pathology, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300174 Timisoara, Romania
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5
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Chen Y, Huang Y, Deng X. A Review of External Cervical Resorption. J Endod 2021; 47:883-894. [PMID: 33745945 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
External cervical resorption (ECR) is a relatively uncommon yet aggressive form of dental hard tissue destruction. It is initiated at the cervical aspect of the root surface and extends apicocoronally and circumferentially inside the dentin. Despite the large number of case reports and clinical studies that have investigated ECR, its etiology remains unclear. Recent advancements in clinical assessment measures, such as the use of cone-beam computed tomographic imaging, have provided additional insights into the nature of this lesion. This has facilitated the continued development and improvement of treatment methods for this condition. In this article, we provide an overview of the latest research pertaining to the etiology, histopathology, predisposing factors, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of ECR. Furthermore, we provide a summary of the different classification schemes for ECR and highlight the relevant therapeutic principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
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6
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Chaniotis A, Kouimtzis TH. Intentional replantation and Biodentine root reconstruction. A case report with 10-year follow-up. Int Endod J 2021; 54:988-1000. [PMID: 33421151 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the innovative use of intentional replantation for Biodentine root reconstruction of a previously treated immature maxillary central incisor with vertically extended crown root fracture and root detachment. SUMMARY In the present case, the intentional replantation of a failing, previously treated maxillary central incisor with a vertical crown/root fracture in a 12-year-old male patient is reported. The gross extrusion of gutta-percha points beyond the apex and the pre-existing extensive, trauma related, distal cervical dentinal detachment justified the intentional replantation treatment plan as an option for tooth retention. After controlling the infection by oral administration of antibiotics, the immature tooth was extracted atraumatically and kept in gauze embedded with tooth replantation medium. The apical third of the immature fractured tooth was treated with ultrasonics and an MTA plug (MTA Angelus White, Londrina, Brazil). The distal cervical dentinal root defect was reconstructed with Biodentine (Septodont, St. Maur-des-Fosses, France). The tooth was reinserted and stabilized to the adjacent teeth for 2 weeks. The total extraoral time before replantation was 25 min. In the 10 years since the initial trauma (9 years after the intervention) radiographic and clinical evaluation revealed uneventful healing of the periapical lesion, normal mobility and no detectable signs of external replacement resorption. KEY LEARNING POINTS Intentional replantation may provide a viable treatment alternative in cases of severe complicated crown/ root fractures Biodentine may be useful in the reconstruction of external root defects in crown root fractured traumatic dental injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chaniotis
- Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - T H Kouimtzis
- Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Rene Decartes, Paris, France
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7
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Krug R, Soliman S, Krastl G. Intentional Replantation with an Atraumatic Extraction System in Teeth with Extensive Cervical Resorption. J Endod 2019; 45:1390-1396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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8
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Alqedairi A. Non-Invasive management of invasive cervical resorption associated with periodontal pocket: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:863-871. [PMID: 31024958 PMCID: PMC6473127 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i7.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive cervical resorption (ICR), a commonly misdiagnosed condition, is an aggressive form of external tooth resorption that contributes to periodontal tissue inflammation and deepening of the periodontal pockets. Herein we report the case of a patient, exhibiting ICR and elaborate the effects of a non-surgical approach in the amelioration of this condition.
CASE SUMMARY A 21-year-old female reporting intermittent pain at the upper left side, multiple restorations, no trauma history, and having received orthodontic treatment was studied. Localized erythematous swelling was noted at the buccal interdental papilla between the left maxillary first molar and second premolar. The diseased pulp and tissue in resorption were removed and the root canal system including the defect were sealed using gutta percha/AH Plus and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). At the one-year recall, the tooth showed no symptoms and responded normally to percussion and palpation. The surrounding periodontium exhibited a normal color and the probing depth was normal. Radiographic examination showed a restoration of crestal alveolar bone and good adaption to MTA.
CONCLUSION Non-surgical root canal treatment in conjunction with resorption defect orthograde repair with MTA was found to be an effective treatment option in the elimination of ICR. Early diagnoses are recommended in order to employ non-surgical approaches for management of ICR instead of surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alqedairi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Sönmez G, Koç C, Kamburoğlu K. Accuracy of linear and volumetric measurements of artificial ERR cavities by using CBCT images obtained at 4 different voxel sizes and measured by using 4 different software: an ex vivo research. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018; 47:20170325. [PMID: 29851352 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the accuracy of linear and volumetric measurements of artificial external root resorption (ERR) cavities by cone beam CT (CBCT) images obtained at four voxel sizes and by using four different software ex vivo. METHODS ERR cavities were created on 40 extracted single rooted anterior teeth. Images were obtained by using Planmeca CBCT unit at endo mode (0.075 mm); high-resolution mode (0.1 mm); high-definition mode (0.15 mm) and normal resolution mode (0.2 mm) voxel sizes. Images were analyzed by two observers using four different software (Romexis, 3D Doctor, ITK-SNAP, and OsiriX). (1) Diameter; (2) height; (3) depth; and (4) volume of the ERR were measured. CBCT measurements were then compared with direct physical measurements. ANOVA was used with general linear model analysis. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS One-way ANOVA general linear model analysis showed no significant difference between or within observers for diameter, height, depth and volume measurements (p > 0.05). We found significant differences for diameter and volume measurements among softwares in terms of mean differences as compared to mean standard direct measurements (p < 0.05). We found statistically significant differences among voxel sizes and software for height measurements (p < 0.05). In addition, we found significant differences for diameter and volume measurements (p < 0.05) suggesting more accurate measurements for the cervical region when compared to apical region. CONCLUSIONS Observers using CBCT images obtained at four voxel sizes performed similarly in the quantification of artificial ERR with clinically insignificant distinction between CBCT softwares used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gül Sönmez
- 1 Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Cemre Koç
- 2 Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Başkent University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Kıvanç Kamburoğlu
- 1 Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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10
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Patel S, Foschi F, Condon R, Pimentel T, Bhuva B. External cervical resorption: part 2 - management. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1224-1238. [PMID: 29737544 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Effective management of external cervical resorption (ECR) depends on accurate assessment of the true nature and accessibility of ECR; this has been discussed in part 1 of this 2 part article. This aim of this article was firstly, to review the literature in relation to the management of ECR and secondly, based on the available evidence, describe different strategies for the management of ECR. In cases where ECR is supracrestal, superficial and with limited circumferential spread, a surgical repair without root canal treatment is the preferred approach. With more extensive ECR lesions, vital pulp therapy or root canal treatment may also be indicated. Internal repair is indicated where there is limited resorptive damage to the external aspect of the tooth and/or where an external (surgical) approach is not possible due to the inaccessible nature of subcrestal ECR. In these cases, root canal treatment will also need to be carried out. Intentional reimplantation is indicated in cases where a surgical or internal approach is not practical. An atraumatic extraction technique and short extraoral period followed by 2-week splinting are important prognostic factors. Periodic reviews may be indicated in cases where active management is not pragmatic. Finally, extraction of the affected tooth may be the only option in untreatable cases where there are aesthetic, functional and/or symptomatic issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Patel
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK.,Specialist Practice, London, UK
| | - F Foschi
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - R Condon
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - T Pimentel
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - B Bhuva
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
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11
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Patel S, Mavridou AM, Lambrechts P, Saberi N. External cervical resorption-part 1: histopathology, distribution and presentation. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1205-1223. [PMID: 29704466 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
External cervical resorption (ECR) is the loss of dental hard tissue as a result of odontoclastic action. It is a dynamic process that involves periodontal, dental and in later stages pulpal tissues. Over the last two decades, ECR has attracted increased interest; this is in part due to novel micro-CT and histopathological techniques for its assessment and also improved radiographic detection using CBCT. This literature review will cover the aetiology, potential predisposing factors, histopathology and diagnosis of ECR. Part 2 will cover the management of ECR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Patel
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK.,Specialist Practice, London, UK
| | - A M Mavridou
- Department of Oral Health Services, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Lambrechts
- Department of Oral Health Services, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Saberi
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
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12
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A Systematic Review of the Survival of Teeth Intentionally Replanted with a Modern Technique and Cost-effectiveness Compared with Single-tooth Implants. J Endod 2017; 43:1963-1968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Keskin C, Sariyilmaz E, Sariyilmaz Ö. Efficacy of XP-endo Finisher File in Removing Calcium Hydroxide from Simulated Internal Resorption Cavity. J Endod 2017; 43:126-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Baranwal AK. Management of external invasive cervical resorption of tooth with Biodentine: A case report. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:296-9. [PMID: 27217649 PMCID: PMC4872590 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.181952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) of a tooth is relatively uncommon and the etiology is not very clear. It is sometimes misdiagnosed and can lead to improper management or tooth loss. Correct diagnosis and proper management can result in a successful outcome. The treatment should aim toward the complete suppression of all resorbing tissues and the reconstruction of resorptive defect by the placement of a suitable filling material or some biological systems. One of the most significant developments of the past decade, i.e. the operating microscope used for surgical endodontics, helps the surgeon to assess pathological changes more precisely and to remove pathological lesions with far greater precision, thus minimizing tissue damage. The aim of this article was to show the management of maxillary left central incisor diagnosed with external ICR using Biodentine under dental operatory microscope (DOM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Kumar Baranwal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS), Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Patel K, Foschi F, Pop I, Patel S, Mannocci F. The Use of Intentional Replantation to Repair an External Cervical Resorptive Lesion Not Amenable to Conventional Surgical Repair. Prim Dent J 2016; 5:78-83. [PMID: 28826436 DOI: 10.1308/205016816819304213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Intentional replantation consists of purposefully extracting a tooth, correcting the defect and replanting it into its original socket. This case report describes how this technique was used to successfully restore an external cervical resorptive (ECR) lesion. A 22-year-old man was diagnosed with ECR of the mandibular right canine following clinical and radiographic examination. CBCT showed the lesion had been initiated distally and extended circumferentially around the root canal. The nature of the resorptive lesion meant that it was inaccessible to repair conventionally in a predictable manner. This report describes how intentional replantation was used to access and restore the lesion with minimal patient cooperation and postoperative discomfort. At an 18-month recall the tooth was clinically sound with no radiographic evidence of inflammatory or replacement root resorption. Intentional replantation should be considered a viable treatment option when ECR is inaccessible and cannot be restored using conventional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kreena Patel
- Department of Endodontology, Kings College Dental Institute at Guy's King's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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16
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Nasehi A, Mazhari F, Mohtasham N. Localized idiopathic root resorption in the primary dentition: Review of the literature and a case report. Eur J Dent 2016; 9:603-609. [PMID: 26929703 PMCID: PMC4745246 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.172617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic root resorption (IRR) is an infrequent condition that is usually found as an accidental finding on radiography. A significant number of cases of IRR in permanent dentition have been presented but are rarely reported in primary dentition. The aim of this case report is to present a case of localized IRR in a 7-year-old boy. The patient was referred because of increased mobility of the left mandibular primary second molar. On radiographic evaluation, severe root resorption of that tooth, and mild root resorption of the right mandibular primary second molar were evident; the patient was caries-free. The left affected tooth was lost, and after placing a band and loop space maintainer, the patient was followed for 18 months. A patient with an abnormal pattern of root resorption, especially in the primary dentition, should alert the clinician to rule out the known important local and systemic factors. The exact causes of and treatments for IRR continue to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Nasehi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mazhari
- Dental Material Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Disease Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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17
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18
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Bharti R, Chandra A, Tikku AP, Prasad V, Shakya VK, Singhal R. Management of mucosal fenestration with external root resorption by multidisciplinary approach. BMJ Case Rep 2014; 2014:bcr-2014-206259. [PMID: 25301425 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-206259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal fenestration is a clinical condition in which the overlying gingiva is denuded and the root is exposed to the oral cavity. Invasive cervical resorption is an entirely uncommon entity and its aetiology is poorly understood. This case presents an invasive cervical resorption of maxillary right central incisor with fenestration at the cervical third of the tooth. The resorption area was chemomechanically debrided. It was then restored with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate over which pink glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji VII) was placed. Lateral pedicle flap was used to cover the fenestration. The resorptive defect was restored using tooth coloured restorative resin after removal of the pink glass ionomer cement. Orthodontic treatment was continued for correction of malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Bharti
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Chandra
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aseem Prakash Tikku
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Veerendra Prasad
- Department of Plastic Surgery, King George's Medical University Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Shakya
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George's Medical University Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rameshweri Singhal
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, Department of Periodontology, King George's Medical University Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bal MV, Yıldırım Ş, Saygun I. A case report of gingival enlargement associated with invasive cervical resorption. Oper Dent 2014; 40:117-22. [PMID: 25136907 DOI: 10.2341/13-267-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is a rare external dental resorption with unknown etiology; it progresses asymptomatically in the cervical area of the permanent teeth. Lesions are mostly misdiagnosed as internal resorption or caries, which leads to erroneous treatments. This case report presents the clinical and radiological diagnosis, as well as the results of treatment and 3-year follow-up in a 50-year-old female patient with gingival enlargement associated with ICR in tooth No. 25. Granulation tissue was removed by accessing the cervical resorption area through a flap operation. Following the endodontic treatment, the tooth was restored using composite resin and the hyperplastic lesion was excised. In conclusion, it should be kept in mind that clinical, radiological, and pathological evaluation in the differential diagnosis of localized hyperplastic lesions in the gingiva is of importance and that ICR could play a role in the etiology of these lesions.
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20
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Topçuoğlu HS, Düzgün S, Ceyhanlı KT, Aktı A, Pala K, Kesim B. Efficacy of different irrigation techniques in the removal of calcium hydroxide from a simulated internal root resorption cavity. Int Endod J 2014; 48:309-16. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. S. Topçuoğlu
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - S. Düzgün
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - K. T. Ceyhanlı
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Karadeniz Technical University; Trabzon Turkey
| | - A. Aktı
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - K. Pala
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - B. Kesim
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
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21
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Gandi P, Disha S. Treatment of maxillary central incisor with external root resorption using mineral trioxide aggregate: 18 months follow-up. BMJ Case Rep 2013; 2013:bcr-2013-200241. [PMID: 23843419 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-200241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
External cervical resorption is the loss of dental hard tissue as a result of odontoclastic action; it usually begins on the cervical region of the root surface of the teeth. This case report demonstrates an external cervical resorption in a maxillary central incisor of a 24-year-old male patient. After surgical intervention and root canal treatment, the resorption was subsequently sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate. The 18 months follow-up demonstrates no pathological changes on clinical and radiographic examination. This case report presents a treatment strategy that might improve the healing outcomes for patients with external cervical resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Gandi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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22
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Al-Momani Z, Nixon PJ. Internal and external root resorption: aetiology, diagnosis and treatment options. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 40:102-4, 107-8, 111-2. [PMID: 23600034 DOI: 10.12968/denu.2013.40.2.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Root resorption is a pathological process that may occur after surgical, mechanical, chemical or thermal insult. Generally, it can be classified as internal and external root resorption. Depending on the diagnosis, an orthograde, surgical or a combined approach is used in management of these cases. CLINICAL RELEVANCE General dental practitioners can face difficulties in diagnosis and treatment planning for cases with root resorption. An understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of root resorption is critical for diagnosis, effective management and improves outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Al-Momani
- Restorative Department, Level 5, Leeds Dental Institute, Clarendon Way, Leeds
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24
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Resorption: part 1. Pathology, classification and aetiology. Br Dent J 2013; 214:439-51. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2013.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Management of external invasive cervical resorption tooth with mineral trioxide aggregate: a case report. Case Rep Med 2013; 2013:139801. [PMID: 23476658 PMCID: PMC3586436 DOI: 10.1155/2013/139801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive cervical resorption is entirely uncommon entities and the etiology is poorly understood. A 19 year old patient presented with fractured upper left central incisor and sinus tract opening on the distobuccal aspect in cervical region. Radiographic examination shows irregular radiolucency over the coronal one-third and it extended externally towards the external invasive resorption. After sectional obturation, the defect was accessed surgically. The resorption area was chemomechanically debrided using irrigant solution. Fibre post placement using flowable composite resin and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was used to fill the resorptive defect, and the coronal access was temporarily sealed. Composite restoration was subsequently replaced with ceramic crown after 4 years. Radiographs at 1 and 4 years showed adequate repair of the resorption and endodontic success. Clinically and radiographically the tooth was asymptomatic, and no periodontal pocket was found after a 4-year followup.
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26
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Kim Y, Lee CY, Kim E, Roh BD. Invasive cervical resorption: treatment challenges. Restor Dent Endod 2012; 37:228-31. [PMID: 23430133 PMCID: PMC3568643 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2012.37.4.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive cervical resorption is a relatively uncommon form of external root resorption. It is characterized by invasion of cervical region of the root by fibrovascular tissue derived from the periodontal ligament. This case presents an invasive cervical resorption occurring in maxillary lateral incisor, following damage in cervical cementum from avulsion and intracoronal bleaching procedure. Flap reflection, debridement and restoration with glass ionomer cement were performed in an attempt to repair the defect. But after 2 mon, more resorption extended apically. Considering root stability and recurrence potential, we decided to extract the tooth. Invasive cervical resorption in advanced stages may present great challenges for clinicians. Therefore, prevention and early detection must be stressed when dealing with patients presenting history of potential predisposing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yookyung Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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27
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Fernández R, Rincón JG. Surgical endodontic management of an invasive cervical resorption class 4 with mineral trioxide aggregate: A 6-year follow-up. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 112:e18-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kqiku L, Ebeleseder KA, Glockner K. Treatment of invasive cervical resorption with sandwich technique using mineral trioxide aggregate: a case report. Oper Dent 2011; 37:98-106. [PMID: 21942289 DOI: 10.2341/11-143-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This article presents two cases of large invasive cervical resorption (ICR) with maintenance of pulp vitality after treatment with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in a sandwich technique.Invasive cervical resorption is a relatively uncommon but aggressive form of external resorption, primarily caused by dental trauma or injury of the cervical periodontal attachment. The resorptive process does not penetrate into the root canal, and the pulp is not involved in the first phase of the resorption. This feature differentiates external resorption from internal resorption. In most cases, invasive cervical resorption is found during routine radiographic or clinical examination. Different materials have been proposed for the treatment of external cervical resorption. Therapy can be effective when it 1) removes the etiological factors and 2) interrupts the progressive resorption mechanism.The key learning points of this article are the following: treatment strategy to arrest the cervical resorption process and to prevent further resorption without changing pulpal vitality and successful seal of invasive cervical resorption defect using MTA with a sandwich technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kqiku
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria.
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Vinothkumar TS, Tamilselvi R, Kandaswamy D. Reverse Sandwich Restoration for the Management of Invasive Cervical Resorption: A Case Report. J Endod 2011; 37:706-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Kamburoğlu K, Kurşun Ş, Yüksel S, Öztaş B. Observer Ability to Detect Ex Vivo Simulated Internal or External Cervical Root Resorption. J Endod 2011; 37:168-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Gunst V, Huybrechts B, De Almeida Neves A, Bergmans L, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P. Playing wind instruments as a potential aetiologic cofactor in external cervical resorption: two case reports. Int Endod J 2010; 44:268-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Estevez R, Aranguren J, Escorial A, de Gregorio C, De La Torre F, Vera J, Cisneros R. Invasive Cervical Resorption Class III in a Maxillary Central Incisor: Diagnosis and Follow-up by Means of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. J Endod 2010; 36:2012-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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López R. Root resorption in the furcation area: a differential diagnostic consideration. J Periodontol 2010; 81:1698-702. [PMID: 20629542 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This report describes the case of a 51-year-old female who was referred to a periodontist with a tentative diagnosis of complicated furcation defect in the facial aspect of the second permanent molar in the mandibular right quadrant. METHODS The clinical examination revealed an asymptomatic tooth without evidence of abnormal attrition, caries, or periodontitis. A closer assessment revealed a large concave lesion located close to the furcation entrance without being obviously connected to it. Periapical radiographs confirmed the presence of a lesion in the hard tissues of the root overlapping the furcation area, and radiolucency of the periapical area of the mesial and distal roots was observed. RESULTS A tentative diagnosis of tooth fracture with consecutive supraosseous external root resorption was made, and exploratory surgery was performed to disclose the features of the lesion. The direct visual inspection revealed a deep round, conical lesion close to the entrance of the furcation. The base of the lesion was irregular but clean. After removal of a large amalgam restoration, a complete vertical mesio-distal fracture was disclosed. CONCLUSIONS External root resorption can be found in the furcation area of mandibular teeth as a result of chronic inflammation. The radiolucent image is poorly delimited and departs from the well-delimited furcation involvement restricted to bone, which is a consequence of periodontitis. The careful interpretation of the clinical and radiographic signs can assist the clinician to differentiate the diagnosis of root resorption in the furcation area from furcation involvements that result from periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo López
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
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34
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Kamburoğlu K, Kursun S. A comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of CBCT images of different voxel resolutions used to detect simulated small internal resorption cavities. Int Endod J 2010; 43:798-807. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Patel S, Kanagasingam S, Pitt Ford T. External cervical resorption: a review. J Endod 2009; 35:616-25. [PMID: 19410071 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
External cervical resorption (ECR) is the loss of dental hard tissue as a result of odontoclastic action; it usually begins on the cervical region of the root surface of the teeth. The etiology, predisposing factors, diagnosis, and management of ECR are reviewed. Effective management and appropriate treatment can only be carried out if the true nature and exact location of the ECR lesion are known. The role of cone beam computed tomography as a diagnostic adjunct for the management of ECR is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanon Patel
- Endodontic Postgraduate Unit, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK.
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36
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Pace R, Giuliani V, Pagavino G. Mineral trioxide aggregate in the treatment of external invasive resorption: a case report. Int Endod J 2008; 41:258-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01338.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Smidt A, Nuni E, Keinan D. Invasive cervical root resorption: treatment rationale with an interdisciplinary approach. J Endod 2007; 33:1383-7. [PMID: 17963969 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2007.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is a significant and often aggressive pathologic process that, unfortunately, might lead to tooth loss. The presence of such a lesion in the cervical area is always a clinical challenge. This article presents an ICR case in which successful treatment was achieved by combining 4 disciplines: endodontics, orthodontics, periodontics, and prosthetics. Forced eruption combined with fiberotomy was used in this case for pulling the root rapidly from within the alveolar socket, thus exposing sound and healthy tooth material beyond the affected zone suitable for crown preparation. The presented interdisciplinary technique is offered for the prudent clinician as a solution in ICR cases of severe destructive nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Smidt
- Center for Graduate Studies in Prosthodontics, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
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38
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DuPont GA. Radiographic evaluation and treatment of feline dental resorptive lesions. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2005; 35:943-62, vii-viii. [PMID: 15979520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2005.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many feline resorptive lesions are easily diagnosed by clinical oral examination, whereas others require dental radiographs. Radiographs can reveal the presence of resorption, and often the nature of the resorptive process as well. Removal of affected teeth when they cause discomfort, or of the portion of the tooth causing the discomfort, remains the only treatment that provides long-term resolution. Until we understand the etiology of the inciting causes and of the factors contributing to the progression of resorptive lesions, reliable prevention cannot be offered.
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39
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REGAN JOHND, WITHERSPOON DAVIDE, FOYLE DEBORAHM. Surgical repair of root and tooth perforations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2005.00183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Nakano K, Shimizu N, Komura T, Ooshima T. Unusual case of internal resorption in cervical region of maxillary left lateral incisor. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0917-2394(05)70043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Bergmans L, Van Cleynenbreugel J, Verbeken E, Wevers M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P. Cervical external root resorption in vital teeth. J Clin Periodontol 2002; 29:580-5. [PMID: 12296786 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.290615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
External resorptions associated with inflammation in marginal tissues present a difficult clinical situation. Many times, lesions are misdiagnosed and confused with caries and internal resorptions. As a result inappropriate treatment is often initiated. This paper provides three-dimensional representations of cervical external resorption, based on X-ray microfocus-tomographical scanning of a case, which will aid the dental practitioner in recognizing characteristic features during clinical inspection. In addition, histopathological examination reveals the cellular morphology of the adjacent tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bergmans
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, BIOMAT, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
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42
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Gunraj MN. Dental root resorption. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 1999; 88:647-53. [PMID: 10625842 DOI: 10.1016/s1079-2104(99)70002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a review of physiologic mechanisms involved in various types of root resorption that may be encountered clinically. Included is a brief overview of suggested homeostatic mechanisms of the periodontal ligament and the role of the intermediate cementum in inhibiting root resorption. Root resorption (surface, inflammatory, and replacement) associated with traumatic injuries is discussed, with emphasis on etiology and the ability to provide treatment. The final discussion relates to other types of resorption, based on a classification of internal, cervical, and external resorption associated with periradicular pathosis and resulting from pressure in the periodontal ligament.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Gunraj
- Department of Endodontics, Howard University College of Dentistry, Washington, DC, USA
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