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Tonkul M, Baune BT, Kavakbasi E. Response to Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Comparison of Patients With and Without History of Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Current Depressive Episode. J ECT 2024:00124509-990000000-00183. [PMID: 38981032 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a novel form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) conducted in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this retrospective naturalistic study, we investigated the outcome of iTBS in treatment-resistant depression patients with (ECT+) and without (ECT-) history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in their current depressive episode, as well as among previous ECT responders and nonresponders. METHODS We included 66 inpatients (57.6% women; mean age, 52.7 years) at a German University Department of Psychiatry. A binary logistic regression model was utilized to investigate the impact of ECT treatment history on response to iTBS. RESULTS Overall response rate was 51.5%. History of ECT in the current episode was present in 47% of patients. In the regression model, history of ECT in the current episode was associated with significantly worse response to iTBS (odds ratio, 0.252; 95% confidence interval, 0.085-0.743; P = 0.013), whereas other disease- and treatment-related covariates had no significant impact on treatment outcome. In the ECT+ group, ECT nonresponders showed a significantly worse outcome of iTBS than ECT responders. Overall rate of treatment discontinuations was 3%. CONCLUSIONS In this study, iTBS was most effective in patients without history of ECT in the current episode. Previous ECT responders had better outcome following iTBS than ECT nonresponders. Hence, patients with ECT response, who had to discontinue ECT due to side effects or complications, may be considered suitable candidates to be switched to iTBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Tonkul
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Erhan Kavakbasi
- From the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Poulin JM, Bigford GE, Lanctôt KL, Giacobbe P, Schaffer A, Sinyor M, Rabin JS, Masellis M, Singnurkar A, Pople CB, Lipsman N, Husain MI, Rosenblat JD, Cao X, MacIntosh BJ, Nestor SM. Engaging Mood Brain Circuits with Psilocybin (EMBRACE): a study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled and delayed-start, neuroimaging trial in depression. Trials 2024; 25:441. [PMID: 38956594 PMCID: PMC11221029 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide across domains of health and cognition, affecting overall quality of life. Approximately one third of individuals with depression do not fully respond to treatments (e.g., conventional antidepressants, psychotherapy) and alternative strategies are needed. Recent early phase trials suggest psilocybin may be a safe and efficacious intervention with rapid-acting antidepressant properties. Psilocybin is thought to exert therapeutic benefits by altering brain network connectivity and inducing neuroplastic changes that endure for weeks post-treatment. Although early clinical results are encouraging, psilocybin's acute neurobiological effects on neuroplasticity have not been fully investigated. We aim to examine for the first time how psilocybin acutely (intraday) and subacutely (weeks) alters functional brain networks implicated in depression. METHODS Fifty participants diagnosed with MDD or persistent depressive disorder (PDD) will be recruited from a tertiary mood disorders clinic and undergo 1:1 randomization into either an experimental or control arm. Participants will be given either 25 mg psilocybin or 25 mg microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) placebo for the first treatment. Three weeks later, those in the control arm will transition to receiving 25 mg psilocybin. We will investigate whether treatments are associated with changes in arterial spin labelling and blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast neuroimaging assessments at acute and subacute timepoints. Primary outcomes include testing whether psilocybin demonstrates acute changes in (1) cerebral blood flow and (2) functional brain activity in networks associated with mood regulation and depression when compared to placebo, along with changes in MADRS score over time compared to placebo. Secondary outcomes include changes across complementary clinical psychiatric, cognitive, and functional scales from baseline to final follow-up. Serum peripheral neurotrophic and inflammatory biomarkers will be collected at baseline and follow-up to examine relationships with clinical response, and neuroimaging measures. DISCUSSION This study will investigate the acute and additive subacute neuroplastic effects of psilocybin on brain networks affected by depression using advanced serial neuroimaging methods. Results will improve our understanding of psilocybin's antidepressant mechanisms versus placebo response and whether biological measures of brain function can provide early predictors of treatment response. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06072898. Registered on 6 October 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Poulin
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory E Bigford
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Giacobbe
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ayal Schaffer
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Sinyor
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amit Singnurkar
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher B Pople
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad I Husain
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua D Rosenblat
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Poul Hansen Family Centre for Depression, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xingshan Cao
- Research Design and Biostatistics, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sean M Nestor
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Han S, Zheng Q, Zheng Z, Su J, Liu X, Shi C, Li B, Zhang X, Zhang M, Yu Q, Hou Z, Li T, Zhang B, Lin Y, Wen G, Deng Y, Liu K, Xu K. Exosomal miR-1202 mediates Brodmann Area 44 functional connectivity changes in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder: An fMRI study. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:470-476. [PMID: 38608766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Previous large-sample postmortem study revealed that the expression of miR-1202 in brain tissues from Brodmann area 44 (BA44) was dysregulated in patients with major depressive disorder (MDDs). However, the specific in vivo neuropathological mechanism of miR-1202 as well as its interplay with BA44 circuits in the depressed brain are still unclear. Here, we performed a case-control study with imaging-genetic approach based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and miR-1202 quantification from 110 medication-free MDDs and 102 healthy controls. Serum-derived circulating exosomes that readily cross the blood-brain barrier were isolated to quantify miR-1202. For validation, repeated MR scans were performed after a six-week follow-up of antidepressant treatment on a cohort of MDDs. Voxelwise factorial analysis revealed two brain areas (including the striatal-thalamic region) in which the effect of depression on the functional connectivity with BA44 was significantly dependent on the expression level of exosomal miR-1202. Moreover, longitudinal change of the BA44 connectivity with the striatal-thalamic region in MDDs after antidepressant treatment was found to be significantly related to the level of miR-1202 expression. These findings revealed that the in vivo neuropathological effect of miR-1202 dysregulation in depression is possibly exerted by mediating neural functional abnormalities in BA44-striatal-thalamic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Han
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Research Center for Psychological Crisis Prevention and Intervention of College Students in Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu, China; Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qingtong Zheng
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Su
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Changzhou Shi
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Hou
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Lin
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Sun-Yat Sen University, Zhuhai, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Wen
- Medical Imaging Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjia Deng
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Research Center for Psychological Crisis Prevention and Intervention of College Students in Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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Velloza J, Ndimande‐Khoza N, Mills L, Concepcion T, Gumede S, Chauke H, Verhey R, Chibanda D, Hosek S, Weiner BJ, Celum C, Delany‐Moretlwe S. Integrating a mental health intervention into PrEP services for South African young women: a human-centred implementation research approach to intervention development. J Int AIDS Soc 2024; 27 Suppl 1:e26274. [PMID: 38965973 PMCID: PMC11224591 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.26274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) who may benefit from HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) face high levels of common mental disorders (e.g. depression, anxiety). Common mental disorders can reduce PrEP adherence and increase HIV risk, yet mental health interventions have not been well-integrated into PrEP delivery. METHODS We conducted a four-phase human-centred design process, from December 2020 to April 2022, to understand mental health challenges among AGYW in Johannesburg, South Africa and barriers to integrated mental health and PrEP services. In the "Discover" phase, we conducted in-depth interviews with AGYW and key informants (KIs) in Johannesburg. We conducted a rapid qualitative analysis, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), to identify facilitators and barriers of integrated mental health and PrEP services and mapped barriers to potential implementation strategies. In the "Design" and "Build" phases, we conducted stakeholder workshops to iteratively adapt an evidence-based mental health intervention, the Friendship Bench, and refine implementation strategies for South African PrEP delivery settings. In the "Test" phase, we piloted our adapted Friendship Bench package. RESULTS Interviews with 70 Discover phase participants (48 AGYW, 22 KIs) revealed the importance of integrated mental health and PrEP services for South African AGYW. Interviewees described barriers and implementation strategies for mental health and PrEP services around the CFIR domains: intervention characteristics (e.g. challenges with AGYW "opening up"); outer Johannesburg setting (e.g. community stigma); inner clinic setting (e.g. judgemental healthcare providers); characteristics of counsellors (e.g. training gaps); and the implementation process (e.g. need for demand creation). The Design and Build workshops included 13 AGYW and 15 KIs. Implementation barriers related to the quality and accessibility of public-sector clinic services, lay counsellor training, and community education and demand creation activities were prioritized. This led to 12 key Friendship Bench adaptations and the specification of 10 implementation strategies that were acceptable and feasible in initial pilot testing with three AGYW. CONCLUSIONS Using a human-centred approach, we identified determinants and potential solutions for integrating mental health interventions within PrEP services for South African AGYW. This design process centred stakeholders' perspectives, enabling rapid development of an adapted Friendship Bench intervention implementation package.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Velloza
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Lisa Mills
- Wits RHIUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Tessa Concepcion
- Department of Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Sanele Gumede
- Wits RHIUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Hlukelo Chauke
- Wits RHIUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | | | | | - Sybil Hosek
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Bryan J. Weiner
- Department of Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Connie Celum
- Department of Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
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Wudy S, Regenthal R, Schomerus G, Strauß M. [Treatment resistance or non-compliance? : Association between a gastrointestinal resorption disorder and treatment resistance in depression]. DER NERVENARZT 2024; 95:60-62. [PMID: 38085283 PMCID: PMC10808567 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-023-01585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- S Wudy
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - R Regenthal
- Klinische Pharmakologie, Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - G Schomerus
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - M Strauß
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
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Zhou HB, Lu SZ, Yu ZS, Zhang JL, Mei ZN. Mechanisms for the biological activity of Gastrodia elata Blume and its constituents: A comprehensive review on sedative-hypnotic, and antidepressant properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155251. [PMID: 38056151 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia and depressive disorder are two common symptoms with a reciprocal causal relationship in clinical practice, which are usually manifested in comorbid form. Several medications have been widely used in the treatment of insomnia and depression, but most of these drugs show non-negligible side effects. Currently, many treatments are indicated for insomnia and depressive symptom, including Chinese herbal medicine such as Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), which has excellent sedative-hypnotic and antidepressant effects in clinical and animal studies. PURPOSE To summarize the mechanisms of insomnia and depression and the structure-activity mechanism for G. elata to alleviate these symptoms, particularly by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and intestinal flora, aiming to discover new approaches for the treatment of insomnia and depression. METHODS The following electronic databases were searched from the beginning to November 2023: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Wanfang Database, and CNKI. The following keywords of G. elata were used truncated with other relevant topic terms, such as depression, insomnia, antidepressant, sedative-hypnotic, neuroprotection, application, safety, and toxicity. RESULTS Natural compounds derived from G. elata could alleviate insomnia and depressive disorder, which is involved in monoamine neurotransmitters, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and gut microbes, etc. Several clinical trials showed that G. elata-derived natural compounds that treat depression and insomnia have significant and safe therapeutic effects, but further well-designed clinical and toxicological studies are needed. CONCLUSION G. elata exerts a critical role in treating depression and insomnia due to its multi-targeting properties and fewer side effects. However, more clinical and toxicological studies should be performed to further explore the sedative-hypnotic and antidepressant mechanisms of G. elata and provide more evidence and recommendations for its clinical application. Our review provides an overview of G. elata treating insomnia with depression for future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Sheng-Ze Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Zhong-Shun Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Jiu-Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhi-Nan Mei
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Wang Q, He C, Wang Z, Fan D, Zhang Z, Xie C. Connectomics-based resting-state functional network alterations predict suicidality in major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:365. [PMID: 38012129 PMCID: PMC10682490 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicidal behavior is a major concern for patients who suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD). However, dynamic alterations and dysfunction of resting-state networks (RSNs) in MDD patients with suicidality have remained unclear. Thus, we investigated whether subjects with different severity of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior may have different disturbances in brain RSNs and whether these changes could be used as the diagnostic biomarkers to discriminate MDD with or without suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior. Then a multicenter, cross-sectional study of 528 MDD patients with or without suicidality and 998 healthy controls was performed. We defined the probability of dying by the suicide of the suicidality components as a 'suicidality gradient'. We constructed ten RSNs, including default mode (DMN), subcortical (SUB), ventral attention (VAN), and visual network (VIS). The network connections of RSNs were analyzed among MDD patients with different suicidality gradients and healthy controls using ANCOVA, chi-squared tests, and network-based statistical analysis. And support vector machine (SVM) model was designed to distinguish patients with mild-to-severe suicidal ideation, and suicidal behavior. We found the following abnormalities with increasing suicidality gradient in MDD patients: within-network connectivity values initially increased and then decreased, and one-versus-other network values decreased first and then increased. Besides, within- and between-network connectivity values of the various suicidality gradients are mainly negatively correlated with HAMD anxiety and positively correlated with weight. We found that VIS and DMN-VIS values were affected by age (p < 0.05), cingulo-opercular network, and SUB-VAN values were statistically influenced by sex (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the SVM model could distinguish MDD patients with different suicidality gradients (AUC range, 0.73-0.99). In conclusion, we have identified that disrupted brain connections were present in MDD patients with different suicidality gradient. These findings provided useful information about the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD patients with suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Cancan He
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Zan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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Laicher H, Int-Veen I, Woloszyn L, Wiegand A, Kroczek A, Sippel D, Leehr EJ, Lawyer G, Albasini F, Frischholz C, Mössner R, Nieratschker V, Rubel J, Fallgatter A, Ehlis AC, Rosenbaum D. In situ fNIRS measurements during cognitive behavioral emotion regulation training in rumination-focused therapy: A randomized-controlled trial. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 40:103525. [PMID: 37839195 PMCID: PMC10589893 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), including rumination, plays a key role in various psychopathologies. Although several psychotherapeutic treatments have been developed to reduce RNT, the neural correlates of those specific treatments and of psychotherapy in general are largely unknown. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers the potential to investigate the neural correlates of psychotherapeutic techniques in situ. Therefore, in this study we investigated the efficacy and neural correlates of a fNIRS adapted Mindfulness-based Emotion Regulation Training (MBERT) for the treatment of depressive rumination in 42 subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) in a cross-over designed randomized controlled trial. Using psychometric measures, subjective ratings and fNIRS, we analyzed in situ changes in depressive symptom severity, ruminative thoughts and cortical activity in the Cognitive Control Network (CCN). Our results show that MBERT is effective in treating depressive symptoms and rumination. On a neural level, we found consistently higher cortical activation during emotion regulation training compared to control trials in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Furthermore, cortical oxygenation decreased from session to session in the bilateral DLPFC. The relevance of the results for the psychotherapeutic treatment of MDD as well as further necessary investigations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Laicher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Isabell Int-Veen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Leonie Woloszyn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ariane Wiegand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany; Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnes Kroczek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Sippel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Glenn Lawyer
- Machine Learning Solutions, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Francesco Albasini
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Frischholz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rainald Mössner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Nieratschker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Rubel
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Andreas Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - David Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Germany
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Ito A, Hiyoshi F, Kanie A, Maruyama A, Oba MS, Kito S. Feasibility Study of Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients With Depression: Protocol for an Open Trial and Therapeutic Intervention. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e49698. [PMID: 37751242 PMCID: PMC10565619 DOI: 10.2196/49698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical usefulness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for patients with depression who do not remit with pharmacotherapy has been recognized. However, the longer time burden on health care providers associated with conducting CBT and the lack of a system for providing CBT lead to inadequate CBT provision to patients who wish to receive it. OBJECTIVE We aim to evaluate the feasibility of introducing virtual reality (VR) into CBT for patients with depression. METHODS This is a single-center, interventional, exploratory, single-arm, nonrandomized, open, pre-post-comparative feasibility study of an unapproved medical device program to evaluate the acceptability, preliminary efficacy, and safety of the study device. Eligible patients meet the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition) for major depressive disorder, have a 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) score of ≥12, and are aged 18-65 years. The sample will comprise 12 patients. VR-based CBT (CBT-VR) sessions will be conducted once a week in an outpatient setting. CBT-VR has been developed in accordance with 6 stages and 16 sessions in the current CBT therapist manual. VR contents and other components correspond to the themes of these 16 sessions. The flow of CBT-VR treatment is similar to that of normal CBT; however, this product replaces the in-person portion of CBT. The primary end point will be the change in the HAMD-17 score from baseline up to 16 sessions. Secondary end points will be treatment retention; psychiatrist consultation time; satisfaction with the equipment or program; ease of use; homework compliance; change in the HAMD-17 score from baseline up to 8 sessions; change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS-SR), EQ-5D-5L, and Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scores from baseline up to 8 and 16 sessions; and change in remission and response rates and HAMD-17, MADRS, QIDS-SR, and EQ-5D-5L scores from baseline to 3 and 6 months post intervention (or discontinuation). CBT-VR's feasibility will be assessed at baseline, after 8 sessions, after 16 sessions, or treatment discontinuation, by measuring the time required for testing and medical care during each session and with a patient questionnaire. After intervention discontinuation, a follow-up evaluation will be conducted unless the patient withdraws consent or otherwise discontinues participation in the study after 3 and 6 months. RESULTS Participant recruitment started on November 30, 2022, and data collection is ongoing as of September 2023. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first step in testing the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy and safety of CBT-VR for patients with depression without controls in an open-label trial. If its feasibility for depression treatment is confirmed, we intend to proceed to a large-scale validation study. TRIAL REGISTRATION Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs032220481; https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs032220481. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/49698.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Ito
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira-shi, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Hiyoshi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira-shi, Japan
- Brain Bioregulatory Science, Cooperative Graduate School, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Ayako Kanie
- Jolly Good Inc, Chuo-ku, Japan
- Department of Child Neropsyhchitatry, The University of Tokyo Hosoital, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira-shi, Japan
| | | | - Mari S Oba
- Department of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research and Education Premotion Division, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira-shi, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Kito
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira-shi, Japan
- Neuromodulation Therapy and Research Center, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira-shi, Japan
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10
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Werner AM, Ernst M, Brähler E, Tibubos AN, Otten D, Reiner I, Wiltink J, Michal M, Schulz A, Wild PS, Münzel T, König J, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Beutel ME. The association of depressive symptoms and body weight change in midlife - Results from the Gutenberg Health Study in Germany. J Affect Disord 2023; 332:115-124. [PMID: 36977436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate how depressive symptoms affect bodyweight change (gain and loss), and how this association is intertwined with other psychosocial and biomedical factors in the adult general population. METHODS In a population-based, prospective, observational single-center cohort study in the Rhine-Main-Region, Germany (Gutenberg Health Study GHS) with N = 12,220 participants, we analyzed baseline and five year follow-up data with logistic regressions separately for bodyweight gain and loss (vs. stable bodyweight). RESULTS Overall, 19.8 % of participants gained bodyweight of at least 5 %. More female participants were affected than male participants (23.3 % vs. 16.6 %). Regarding weight loss, overall, 12.4 % lost >5 % of bodyweight; participants were more often female than male (13.0 % vs. 11.8 %). Depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with weight gain (OR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 1.02-1.05). In models controlling for psychosocial and biomedical factors, female gender, younger age, lower socioeconomic status and smoking cessation were associated with weight gain. In weight loss, there was no overall significant effect of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.01 [0.99; 1.03]). Weight loss was associated with female gender, diabetes, less physical activity, and higher BMI at baseline. Only in women, smoking and cancer were associated with weight loss. LIMITATIONS Depressive symptoms were assessed via self-report. Voluntary weight loss cannot be determined. CONCLUSIONS Significant weight change frequently occurs in middle to old adulthood resulting from a complex interplay of psychosocial and biomedical factors. Associations with age, gender, somatic illness and health behavior (e.g. smoking cessation) provide important information for the prevention of unfavorable weight change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M Werner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Mareike Ernst
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana N Tibubos
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniëlle Otten
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Iris Reiner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Wiltink
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Michal
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine - Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochem König
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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11
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Altmeyer S, Wollersheim L, Kilian-Hütten N, Behnke A, Hofmann A, Tumani V. Effectiveness of treating depression with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing among inpatients–A follow-up study over 12 months. Front Psychol 2022; 13:937204. [PMID: 36033012 PMCID: PMC9402253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.937204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing prevalence of depression poses a huge challenge to the healthcare systems, and the success rates of current standard therapies are limited. While 30% of treated patients do not experience a full remission after treatment, more than 75% of patients suffer from recurrent depressive episodes. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy represents an emerging treatment option of depression, and preliminary studies show promising effects with a probably higher remission rate when compared to control-therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy. In the present study, 49 patients with severe depression were treated with an integrated systemic treatment approach including EMDR therapy that followed a specific protocol with a treatment algorithm for depression in a naturalistic hospital setting. Following their discharge from the hospital, the patients were followed up by a structured telephone interview after 3 and 12 months. 27 of the 49 (55%) patients fulfilled the Beck’s depression criteria of a full remission when they were discharged. At the follow-up interview, 12 months after discharge, 7 of the 27 patients (26%) reported a relapse, while the remaining 20 patients (74%) had stayed relapse-free. The findings of our observational study confirm reports of earlier studies in patients with depression, showing that EMDR therapy leads to a high rate of remission, and is associated with a decreased number of relapses. Patients with depression receiving EMDR treatment may be more resilient to stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Altmeyer
- Gezeitenhaus Traumahospital Schloss Eichholz, Wesseling, Germany
- *Correspondence: Susanne Altmeyer,
| | - Leonie Wollersheim
- Gezeitenhaus Traumahospital Schloss Eichholz, Wesseling, Germany
- Leonie Wollersheim,
| | - Niclas Kilian-Hütten
- Gezeitenhaus Traumahospital Schloss Eichholz, Wesseling, Germany
- Niclas Kilian-Hütten,
| | - Alexander Behnke
- Clinical and Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Alexander Behnke,
| | - Arne Hofmann
- EMDR-Institute Germany, Gezeitenhaus Traumahospital Schloss Eichholz, Wesseling, Germany
- Arne Hofmann,
| | - Visal Tumani
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Visal Tumani,
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12
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Whitehead T, Barrera A. A narrative review of ablative neurosurgery in refractory mental disorders. BJPSYCH ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1192/bja.2022.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Neurosurgery for mental disorder (NMD) is currently performed in the UK for cases of severe depressive disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder refractory to treatment, under stringent regulations as set out under the Mental Health Act 1983. These surgical procedures appear to be effective for a proportion of individuals in this particularly treatment-resistant cohort. The two ablative procedures currently in use in the UK are anterior cingulotomy (ACING) and anterior capsulotomy (ACAPS). After briefly outlining these procedures, their evidence base and how they compare with other neurosurgical procedures, we suggest two ways in which they could be enhanced in terms of precision, namely the use of stereotactic (Gamma Knife®) radiosurgery guided by magnetic resonance imaging as well as a detailed and expanded standardised psychopathological and neuropsychological assessment both before and after surgery. The latter should involve extended long-term follow-up. We then reflect on how such psychopathological and neuropsychological assessments could help to understand why and how these procedures relieve patients’ suffering and distress.
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13
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Han H, Xu M, Wen L, Chen J, Liu Q, Wang J, Li MD, Yang Z. Identification of a Novel Functional Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Frizzled Class Receptor 6 Gene for Involvement in Depressive Symptoms. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:882396. [PMID: 35875672 PMCID: PMC9302575 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.882396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous susceptibility loci for depression have been identified in recent years, their biological function and molecular mechanism remain largely unknown. By using an exome-wide association study for depressive symptoms assessed by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) score, we discovered a novel missense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs61753730 (Q152E), located in the fourth exon of the frizzled class receptor 6 gene (FZD6), which is a potential causal variant and is significantly associated with the CES-D score. Computer-based in silico analysis revealed that the protein configuration and stability, as well as the secondary structure of FZD6 differed greatly between the wild-type (WT) and Q152E mutant. We further found that rs61753730 significantly affected the luciferase activity and expression of FZD6 in an allele-specific way. Finally, we generated Fzd6-knockin (Fzd6-KI) mice with rs61753730 mutation using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system and found that these mice presented greater immobility in the forced swimming test, less preference for sucrose in the sucrose preference test, as well as decreased center entries, center time, and distance traveled in the open filed test compared with WT mice after exposed to chronic social defeat stress. These results indicate the involvement of rs61753730 in depression. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that SNP rs61753730 is a novel functional variant and plays an important role in depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Han
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Department of Medical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming D. Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming D. Li,
| | - Zhongli Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhongli Yang,
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14
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Adu MK, Shalaby R, Chue P, Agyapong VIO. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Resistant Depression: A Scoping Review. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12060195. [PMID: 35735405 PMCID: PMC9220129 DOI: 10.3390/bs12060195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is associated with significant disability, and due to its high prevalence, it results in a substantive socio-economic burden at a global level. TRD is the inability to accomplish and/or achieve remission after an adequate trial of antidepressant treatments. Studies comparing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and pharmacotherapy have revealed evidence of the therapeutic efficacy of rTMS in TRD. These findings suggest a crucial role for rTMS in the management of TRD. This article aims to conduct a comprehensive scoping review of the current literature concerning the use of rTMS and its therapeutic efficacy as a treatment modality for TRD. PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, and Cinahl were used to identify important articles on rTMS for TRD. The search strategy was limited to English articles within the last five years of data publication. Articles were included if they reported on a completed randomized controlled trial (RCT) of rTMS intervention for TRD. The exclusion criteria involved studies with rTMS for the treatment of conditions other than TRD, and study and experimental protocols of rTMS on TRD. In total, 17 studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. The search strategy spanned studies published in the last five years, to the date of the data search (14 February 2022). The regional breakdown of the extracted studies was North American (n = 9), European (n = 5), Asian (n = 2) and Australian (n = 1). The applied frequencies of rTMS ranged from 5 Hz to 50 Hz, with stimulation intensities ranging from 80% MT to 120% MT. Overall, 16 out of the 17 studies suggested that rTMS treatment was effective, safe and tolerated in TRD. For patients with TRD, rTMS appears to provide significant benefits through the reduction of depressive symptoms, and while there is progressive evidence in support of the same, more research is needed in order to define standardized protocols of rTMS application in terms of localization, frequency, intensity, and pulse parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medard Kofi Adu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Reham Shalaby
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
| | - Pierre Chue
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
| | - Vincent I. O. Agyapong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1E1 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre (WMC), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; (R.S.); (P.C.); (V.I.O.A.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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15
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Möbius H, Welkoborsky HJ. Vagus nerve stimulation for conservative therapy-refractive epilepsy and depression. Laryngorhinootologie 2022; 101:S114-S143. [PMID: 35605616 DOI: 10.1055/a-1660-5591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies confirm that the vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an efficient, indirect neuromodulatory therapy with electrically induced current for epilepsy that cannot be treated by epilepsy surgery and is therapy-refractory and for drug therapy-refractory depression. VNS is an established, evidence-based and in the long-term cost-effective therapy in an interdisciplinary overall concept.Long-term data on the safety and tolerance of the method are available despite the heterogeneity of the patient populations. Stimulation-related side effects like hoarseness, paresthesia, cough or dyspnea depend on the stimulation strength and often decrease with continuing therapy duration in the following years. Stimulation-related side effects of VNS can be well influenced by modifying the stimulation parameters. Overall, the invasive vagus nerve stimulation may be considered as a safe and well-tolerated therapy option.For invasive and transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation, antiepileptic and antidepressant as well as positive cognitive effects could be proven. In contrast to drugs, VNS has no negative effect on cognition. In many cases, an improvement of the quality of life is possible.iVNS therapy has a low probability of complete seizure-freedom in cases of focal and genetically generalized epilepsy. It must be considered as palliative therapy, which means that it does not lead to healing and requires the continuation of specific medication. The functional principle is a general reduction of the neuronal excitability. This effect is achieved by a slow increase of the effectiveness sometimes over several years. Responders are those patients who experience a 50% reduction of the seizure incidence. Some studies even reveal seizure-freedom in 20% of the cases. Currently, it is not possible to differentiate between potential responders and non-responders before therapy/implantation.The current technical developments of the iVNS generators of the new generation like closed-loop system (cardiac-based seizure detection, CBSD) reduce also the risk for SUDEP (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy patients), a very rare, lethal complication of epilepsies, beside the seizure severity.iVNS may deteriorate an existing sleep apnea syndrome and therefore requires possible therapy interruption during nighttime (day-night programming or magnet use) beside the close cooperation with sleep physicians.The evaluation of the numerous iVNS trials of the past two decades showed multiple positive effects on other immunological, cardiological, and gastroenterological diseases so that additional therapy indications may be expected depending on future study results. Currently, the vagus nerve stimulation is in the focus of research in the disciplines of psychology, immunology, cardiology as well as pain and plasticity research with the desired potential of future medical application.Beside invasive vagus nerve stimulation with implantation of an IPG and an electrode, also devices for transdermal and thus non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation have been developed during the last years. According to the data that are currently available, they are less effective with regard to the reduction of the seizure severity and duration in cases of therapy-refractory epilepsy and slightly less effective regarding the improvement of depression symptoms. In this context, studies are missing that confirm high evidence of effectiveness. The same is true for the other indications that have been mentioned like tinnitus, cephalgia, gastrointestinal complaints etc. Another disadvantage of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation is that the stimulators have to be applied actively by the patients and are not permanently active, in contrast to implanted iVNS therapy systems. So they are only intermittently active; furthermore, the therapy adherence is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Möbius
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover.,Abt. für HNO-Heilkunde, Kinderkrankenhaus auf der Bult, Hannover
| | - H J Welkoborsky
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover.,Abt. für HNO-Heilkunde, Kinderkrankenhaus auf der Bult, Hannover
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Hsu DY, Chien WC, Chung CH, Chiu KC, Li TI, Kung LY, Tzeng NS. Risk of anxiety and depression in patients with lichen planus: A nationwide population-based study. J Affect Disord 2022; 300:255-262. [PMID: 34990623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to determine the risk of developing anxiety and/or depression among patients with lichen planus. METHODS Based on the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database of Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, a total of 4012 patients with lichen planus and 16,048 matched controls (1:4) were enrolled between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015. After controlling for the risk variables, multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression and the log-rank test with Kaplan-Meier method were performed to assess the influence of anxiety/depression among individuals with lichen planus under a maximum follow-up period of 16 years. RESULTS The subsequent anxiety or depression incidence of the lichen planus group and the comparisons was 19.67% (1962.70 per 105 person-years) and 10.11% (982.23 per 105person-years), respectively. Additionally, after adjustment of the risk variables, the hazard ratios for anxiety, depression, anxiety without depression, depression without anxiety, anxiety or depression, and both anxiety and depression combined were 1.779 (95%CI: 1.289-2.477, p < 0.001), 2.010 (95%CI: 1.454-2.790, p < 0.001), 2.015 (95%CI: 1.463-2.799, p < 0.001), 2.356 (95%CI: 1.705-3.286, p < 0.001), 2.011 (95%CI: 1.457-2.793, p < 0.001), and 1.515 (95%CI: 1.100-2.134, p < 0.001), respectively. LIMITATIONS Individuals with lichen planus were unable to be classified into oral subtype and cutaneous subtype based on the ICD-9-CM. Moreover, the results of our study could not demonstrate the mechanism between lichen planus and anxiety and/or depression. CONCLUSION Patients with lichen planus was positively associated with developing anxiety or depression. Physicians should to be aware of the signs of anxiety and/or depression while facing the patients with lichen planus during the clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun-Yu Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Dentistry and Oral Diagnosis, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Li
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Dentistry and Oral Diagnosis, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Kung
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Dentistry and Oral Diagnosis, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gung Road, Nei-Hu District, Taipei, Taiwan; Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Social support mediates the influence of cerebellum functional connectivity strength on postpartum depression and postpartum depression with anxiety. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:54. [PMID: 35136017 PMCID: PMC8826948 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-Partum Depression (PPD) is the most common health issue impacting emotional well being in women and is often comorbid with anxiety (PPD-A). Previous studies have shown that adequate social support can protect against PPD and PPD-A. However, how the brain connectome is disrupted in PPD and PPD-A and the neural basis underlying the role of social support in PPD and PPD-A remains unclear. The present study aims to explore these issues in patients with PPD and PPD-A. Well-established questionnaires and resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rsfMRI) were performed in 45 PPD, 31 PDD-A patients and 62 Healthy Postnatal Women (HPW). Brain functional integration was measured by analysis of Functional Connectivity Strength (FCS). Association and mediation analyses were performed to investigate relationships between FCS, PPD and PPD-A symptoms and social support. PPD patients showed specifically higher FCS in right parahippocampus, whereas PPD-A patients showed specifically higher FCS in left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. In all postpartum women, depression symptoms positively correlated with FCS in left paracentral lobule; depression and anxiety symptoms were negatively correlated with FCS in right cerebellem posterior lobe (CPL), a brain region implicated in supporting social cognition and regulation of emotion. Subsequent mediation analysis revealed that perceived social support mediated the association between right CPL FCS and PPD and PPD-A symptoms. Measurement of FCS in disorder-specific neural circuits offers a potential biomarker to study and measure the efficacy of social support for PPD and PPD-A.
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18
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Chen F, Lian J, Zhang G, Guo C. Semantics-Prosody Stroop Effect on English Emotion Word Processing in Chinese College Students With Trait Depression. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:889476. [PMID: 35733799 PMCID: PMC9207235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.889476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the performance of Chinese college students with different severity of trait depression to process English emotional speech under a complete semantics-prosody Stroop effect paradigm in quiet and noisy conditions. A total of 24 college students with high-trait depression and 24 students with low-trait depression participated in this study. They were required to selectively attend to either the prosodic emotion (happy, sad) or semantic valence (positive and negative) of the English words they heard and then respond quickly. Both prosody task and semantic task were performed in quiet and noisy listening conditions. Results showed that the high-trait group reacted slower than the low-trait group in the prosody task due to their bluntness and insensitivity toward emotional processing. Besides, both groups reacted faster under the consistent situation, showing a clear congruency-induced facilitation effect and the wide existence of the Stroop effect in both tasks. Only the Stroop effect played a bigger role during emotional prosody identification in quiet condition, and the noise eliminated such an effect. For the sake of experimental design, both groups spent less time on the prosody task than the semantic task regardless of consistency in all listening conditions, indicating the friendliness of basic emotion identification and the difficulty for second language learners in face of semantic judgment. These findings suggest the unneglectable effects of college students' mood conditions and noise outside on emotion word processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- School of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Lian
- School of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaode Zhang
- School of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengyu Guo
- School of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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19
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Pereira R, Picoli RMDMD, Valenti L, Shiguemoto GE. Blood lactate as a biomarker of depression: a comparative study between runners and sedentary people. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420220019521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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20
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Keshari P, Shankar H. Extent, Pattern and Correlates of Depression in Urban Geriatric Subjects: Findings from Community Based Study. Indian J Community Med 2021; 46:533-536. [PMID: 34759504 PMCID: PMC8575189 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_1052_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression decreases an individual's quality of life and increases dependence on others. The declining physical potential familiar infrastructure and loss of peer may cause anxiety, stress, depression, etc., in geriatric population. Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (A) to assess the extent and pattern of depression in study subjects and (B) to find out the correlates of depression in subjects. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 616 geriatric subjects selected by multistage sampling procedure from urban Varanasi, India. A predesigned, pretested proforma was used for collecting socioeconomic information. Depression status was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale. For analysis of data, SPSS version 22.0 was used. Chi-square and logistic regression were used for inferential purpose. Results: The overall prevalence of depression in geriatric subjects was 29.7%; 15.7% of subjects were not satisfied with life and 30% often felt helpless. The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for depression was 4.54 (2.99–6.09) in subjects >70 years, 4.00 (2.45–6.54) for widowed, 1.95 (1.13–3.35) for widowers, 4.95 (2.02–12.07) for lower, and 3.17 (1.79–5.64) for upper-lower socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Nearly one-third of urban geriatric subjects had depression which was significantly enhanced by advancing age, loss of partner, and socioeconomic adversities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Keshari
- Department of Home Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Shankar
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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21
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Al-Rawaf HA, Alghadir AH, Gabr SA. Circulating microRNAs and Molecular Oxidative Stress in Older Adults with Neuroprogression Disorders. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:4409212. [PMID: 34721735 PMCID: PMC8556086 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4409212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND circulating microRNAs are potential blood biomarkers differentially expressed in many diseases including neuro depression disorders. It controls the expression of human genes and associated cellular and physiological processes in normal and diseased cells. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of circulating miRNAs and their association with both stress hormones and cellular oxidative stress in neuro depression disorders occurred among older adults. METHODS a total of 70 healthy subjects were included in this study. Based upon the profile of mood states (POMS-32 score), the participants classified into two groups; healthy subjects (n =30) and depression (n =40). The expression of microRNAs; miR-124, miR-34a-5p, miR-135, and miR-451-a and their correlation with cellular oxidative stress parameters; cellular NO, genes of SOD2, CAT and iNOS, and hormones; cortisol and serotonin were estimated by a quantitative real-time RT-PCR, high-performance liquid chromatography, and ELISA Immunoassay techniques, respectively. RESULTS depression was reported in 57.14% of the participants. The results showed a significant increase (p =0.01) in the total mood scores, and relative depression domains in older adults with depression compared to healthy controls. The relative expression levels of miR-124, miR-34a-5p significantly increased and the expression levels of miR-135, and miR-451-a significantly decreased in older adults with depression compared to healthy controls. In addition, the levels of cortisol significantly increased and serotonin (5HT) significantly reduced in all participants with depression. Cellular oxidative stress analysis for depressed subjects showed that serum NO levels and the expression of iNO gene significantly increased conversely with a decline in the molecular expression antioxidative genes; SOD2, CAT, respectively. The results showed that cellular oxidative stress parameters correlated positively with depression scores, cortisol, and negatively with cellular serotonin levels. In depressed subjects, the relative expression of microRNAs correlated positively with depression score, NO, iNOS, cortisol, and negatively associated with SOD2, CAT, and serotonin. CONCLUSION The combination of cellular oxidative stress and hormonal levels strongly supports a role for circulating miRNAs; miR-124, miR-34a-5p, miR-135, and miR-451-a in the regulation of depression and mood disorders among older adults. The expressed microRNAs with their related association to cellular oxidative stress and adrenal hormones are a step towards understanding the role of these small RNA molecules in the progression of depression among older adults. Thus, cellular miRNAs might have a prognostic role in the diagnosis and as a target for treatment strategies in depressed subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel A. Al-Rawaf
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A. Gabr
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Lin SL, Kobayashi K, Tong H, Davison KM, Arora SRA, Fuller-Thomson E. Close Relations Matter: The Association Between Depression and Refugee Status in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 22:946-956. [PMID: 31974926 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-00980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence and social determinants of depression among refugee and non-refugee adults aged 45-85 in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Bivariate analyses and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. The prevalence of depression was higher in a sample of 272 refugees (22.1%) and 5059 non-refugee immigrants (16.6%), compared to 24,339 native-born Canadians (15.2%). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of depression for refugees were not attenuated when controlling factors such as, (1) socioeconomic status, (2) health conditions and behaviours, (3) social isolation and online social networking (aORs range from 1.61 to 1.70, p's < 0.05). However, when social support representing close personal relationships was included, the odds of depression for refugees were reduced to non-significance (aOR = 1.30, 95% CI 0.97-1.74, p = 0.08). Refugees' excess vulnerability to depression is mainly attributable to lower levels of affectionate social support. Targeted interventions in nurturing supportive interpersonal relationships for refugees are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Lamson Lin
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada.
| | - Karen Kobayashi
- Faculty of Social Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Hongmei Tong
- Faculty of Health and Community Studies, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Karen M Davison
- Faculty of Science and Horticulture (Health Science), Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, Canada.,Faculty of Social Science, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - Simran R A Arora
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Jang YJ, Lim SW, Moon YK, Kim SY, Lee H, Kim S, Kim DK. 5-HTTLPR-rs25531 and Antidepressant Treatment Outcomes in Korean Patients with Major Depression. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2021; 54:269-278. [PMID: 33979867 DOI: 10.1055/a-1478-4574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the ethnic differences in 5-HTTLPR (S allele relates to better antidepressant response in Korean and Japanese people, while L allele with better response in Caucasians), it is unclear whether 5-HTTLPR and its high expression locus rs25531 are interactively associated with antidepressant treatment outcome. We investigated the individual and interaction effects of these polymorphisms on antidepressant treatment outcomes in the Korean population. METHODS A total of 464 Korean subjects with major depressive disorder completed 6 weeks of antidepressant monotherapy. Venous blood was extracted for genotyping 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. We used logistic regression analyses to verify the main and interaction effects of 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 on response and remission after antidepressant treatment. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, the SS genotype of 5-HTTLPR was significantly associated with better treatment outcomes (p<0.001, odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)]=2.435 [1.551, 3.823] in response; p<0.001, OR [95% CI]=2.912 [1.730, 4.903] in remission), while G-containing genotype (AG+GG) of rs25531 was only associated with remission (p=0.034, OR [95% CI]=2.104 [1.058, 4.181]). The interaction effect of 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 on response and remission was insignificant (all p>0.05). DISCUSSION Our findings suggest variations in allelic frequency and functionality of 5-HTTLPR and rs25531 among the different ethnicities. We found a minor advantage of rs25531 in achieving remission. However, there was no interaction effect with 5-HTTLPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Jin Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinn-Won Lim
- Department of Health Sciences and have used the tri-allelic notationTechnology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kyung Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kim
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Lee
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and have used the tri-allelic notationTechnology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Ding Y, Zhong M, Qiu B, Liu C, Wang J, Liang J. Abnormal expression of miR-135a in patients with depression and its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of the condition. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:726. [PMID: 34007335 PMCID: PMC8120643 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, due to the increasing pressures on society and the stress of everyday living, the number of individuals suffering from depression has increased. Therefore, the treatment of depression has also received increasing attention. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR)-135a is a well-studied miRNA. It has been reported that miR-135a is significantly downregulated in patients with depression and may be a potential marker for the diagnosis of the condition. However, the specific mechanisms of action of miR-135a in patients with depression remain unclear. In the present study, it was found that miR-135a was downregulated in patients with depression, and in a mouse model of depression. The effects of miR-135a on depression-related symptoms in mice were then explored. In the mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) that were treated with miR-135a for 3 weeks, a significantly reduced level of weight gain was observed in comparison with the control group. In addition, treatment with miR-135a mimic significantly increased sucrose preference in the sucrose preference test in the mice, and reduced the immobility time in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test. Treatment with miR-135a mimic also inhibited CUMS-induced hippocampal cell apoptosis. Furthermore, treatment with miR-135a mimic and fluoxetine significantly reduced the CUMS-induced increase in the expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) in the hippocampus of the mice. Subsequently, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis revealed that treatment with miR-135a mimic significantly inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 in the mouse hippocampus. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicate that miR-135a may be a novel potential target for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxia Ding
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Youfu Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Youfu Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Bingjie Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou Youfu Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Chuanpeng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Binzhou Family Planning Association, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- Ministry of Public Infrastructure, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526020, P.R. China
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25
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Schnitzer G, Holttum S, Huet V. A systematic literature review of the impact of art therapy upon post-traumatic stress disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ART THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17454832.2021.1910719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Schnitzer
- Salomons Institute for Applied Psychology, Canterbury Christ Church University, Tunbridge Wells, UK
| | - Sue Holttum
- Salomons Institute for Applied Psychology, Canterbury Christ Church University, Tunbridge Wells, UK
- British Association of Art Therapists, London, UK
| | - Val Huet
- British Association of Art Therapists, London, UK
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26
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Application of transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depression: Coil design and neuroanatomical variability considerations. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 45:73-88. [PMID: 31285123 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
High-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) has received FDA clearance for both the figure-of-8 coil (figure-8 coil) and the H1 coil. The FDA-cleared MDD protocols for both coils include high frequency (10-18 Hz) stimulation targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) at an intensity that is 120% of the right-hand resting motor threshold. Despite these similar parameters, the two coils generate distinct electrical fields (e-fields) which result in differences in the cortical stimulation they produce. Due to the differences in coil designs, the H1 coil induces a stimulation e-field that is broader and deeper than the one induced by the figure-8 coil. In this paper we review theoretical and clinical implications of these differences between the two coils and compare evidence of their safety and efficacy in treating MDD. We present the design principles of the coils, the challenges of identifying, finding, and stimulating the optimal brain target of each individual (both from functional and connectivity perspectives), and the possible implication of stimulating outside that target. There is only one study that performed a direct comparison between clinical effectiveness of the two coils, using the standard FDA-approved protocols in MDD patients. This study indicated clinical superiority of the H1 coil but did not measure long-term effects. Post-marketing data suggest that both coils have a similar safety profile in clinical practice, whereas effect size comparisons of the two respective FDA pivotal trials suggests that the H1 coil may have an advantage in efficacy. We conclude that further head-to-head experiments are needed, especially ones that will compare long-term effects and usage of similar temporal stimulation parameters and similar number of pulses.
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27
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Schilling C, Weidner K. Das Fibromyalgiesyndrom aus der psychosomatischen Perspektive: Ein Überblick. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1325-3015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDas Fibromyalgiesyndrom (FMS) wird im psychosomatischen Kontext als stressinduzierte Schmerzerkrankung durch eine Sensibilisierung der zentralnervösen schmerzverarbeitenden Systeme verstanden. Das FMS zeigt hohe Komorbiditäten mit psychischen bzw. psychosomatischen Störungen wie Depression, Angststörungen, somatoformen Störungen und Persönlichkeitsstörungen. Biografisch frühe Stresserfahrungen und Traumatisierungen wie körperlicher oder sexueller Missbrauch in der Kindheit bilden eine Vulnerabilität für die spätere Entwicklung eines FMS. Die Gruppe der FMS-Patient/innen ist hinsichtlich der pathophysiologischen Entstehungswege heterogen, weshalb eine mechanismenbasierte Differenzierung von Subgruppen sinnvoll erscheint. Typische Teufelskreise der Chronifizierung des FMS werden beschrieben und die Wichtigkeit einer gelingenden Arzt-Patient/in-Beziehung herausgestellt. Schwergegradgestuftes Vorgehen und Kommunikationsstrategien werden am Fallbeispiel dargestellt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schilling
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
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28
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Rabenstein A, Catarino CB, Rampeltshammer V, Schindler D, Gallenmüller C, Priglinger C, Pogarell O, Rüther T, Klopstock T. Smoking and alcohol, health-related quality of life and psychiatric comorbidities in Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy mutation carriers: a prospective cohort study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:127. [PMID: 33706792 PMCID: PMC7953635 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a rare mitochondrial disorder, characterized by acute or subacute bilateral vision loss, frequently leading to significant chronic disability, mainly in young people. The causal LHON mutations of the mitochondrial DNA have incomplete penetrance, with the highest risk of disease manifestation for male mutation carriers in the second and third decades of life. Here we evaluated smoking, alcohol drinking habits, health-related quality of life (QOL) and psychiatric comorbidities in a cohort of LHON patients and asymptomatic mutation carriers from a tertiary referral centre. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of the ongoing Munich LHON prospective cohort study. Participants included all LHON patients and asymptomatic LHON mutation carriers older than 16 years at baseline, who were recruited between February 2014 and June 2015 and consented to participate. General, neurological and ophthalmological investigations were performed, including validated questionnaires on smoking, alcohol drinking habits, depressive symptoms and health-related QOL. Results Seventy-one participants were included, 34 LHON patients (82% male) and 37 asymptomatic mutation carriers (19% male). Median age at baseline was 36 years (range 18–75 years). For LHON patients, median age at visual loss onset was 27 years (9 to 72 years). Smoking is more frequent in LHON patients than asymptomatic LHON mutation carriers, and significantly more frequent in both groups than in the general population. Sixty percent of LHON patients, who smoked at disease onset, stopped or significantly reduced smoking after visual loss onset, yet 40% of LHON patients continued to smoke at study baseline. Excessive alcohol consumption is more frequent in male LHON patients than in LHON asymptomatic and more frequent than in the male general population. Further, female asymptomatic LHON mutation carriers are at risk for depression and worse mental QOL scores. Conclusions Given the high prevalence of smoking and excessive drinking in LHON mutation carriers, implementing effective measures to reduce these risk factors may have a significant impact in reducing LHON disease conversion risk. The underrecognized prevalence of mental health issues in this population of LHON mutation carriers highlights the need for awareness and more timely diagnosis, which may lead to improved outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-021-01724-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rabenstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Claudia B Catarino
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Ziemssenstr. 1a, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Verena Rampeltshammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - David Schindler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze Gallenmüller
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Ziemssenstr. 1a, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Priglinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Pogarell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Rüther
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians University München, Ziemssenstr. 1a, 80336, Munich, Germany. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.
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Velloza J, Kapogiannis B, Bekker LG, Celum C, Hosek S, Delany-Moretlwe S, Baggaley R, Dalal S. Interventions to improve daily medication use among adolescents and young adults: what can we learn for youth pre-exposure prophylaxis services? AIDS 2021; 35:463-475. [PMID: 33252486 PMCID: PMC7855564 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an important HIV prevention method and studies have shown that young people ages 15-24 have difficulty adhering to daily PrEP. The field of PrEP delivery for young people is relatively nascent and lessons about potential PrEP adherence interventions could be learned from the larger evidence base of adherence interventions for other daily medications among youth. DESIGN Systematic review of adherence support interventions for adolescents. METHODS We searched PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO through January 2020 for oral contraceptive pill (OCP), antiretroviral therapy (ART), asthma, and diabetes medication adherence interventions. We reviewed primary articles about OCP adherence interventions and reviewed systematic reviews for ART, asthma, and diabetes medication adherence interventions. Studies were retained if they included participants' ages 10-24 years; measured OCP, ART, asthma, or diabetes medication adherence; and were systematic reviews, randomized trials, or quasi-experimental studies. RESULTS Fifteen OCP articles and 26 ART, diabetes, and asthma systematic reviews were included. Interventions that improved medication adherence for OCPs, ART, asthma, and diabetes treatment included reminder text messages, computer-based and phone-based support, and enhanced counseling. Multi-month prescriptions and same-day pill starts also were found to improve OCP adherence and continuation. Adolescent-friendly clinics and peer-based counseling significantly improved ART adherence, and telemedicine interventions improved diabetes medication adherence. CONCLUSION Interventions that improve medication adherence among youth include enhanced counseling, extended pill supply, adolescent-friendly services, and text message reminders. PrEP programs could incorporate and evaluate such interventions for their impact on PrEP adherence and continuation among at-risk adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Velloza
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bill Kapogiannis
- Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Linda-Gail Bekker
- The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Connie Celum
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sybil Hosek
- Department of Psychiatry, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sinead Delany-Moretlwe
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (Wits RHI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rachel Baggaley
- Global HIV, Hepatitis and STIs Programmes, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shona Dalal
- Global HIV, Hepatitis and STIs Programmes, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Guimarães MC, Guimarães TM, Hallak JE, Abrão J, Machado-de-Sousa JP. Nitrous oxide as an adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled double-blind pilot trial. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2021; 43:484-493. [PMID: 33605397 PMCID: PMC8555644 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder (MDD) is related to glutamatergic dysfunction. Antagonists of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), such as ketamine, have antidepressant properties. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is also a NMDAR antagonist. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of augmenting antidepressant treatment with N2O. METHODS This double blind, placebo-controlled randomized parallel pilot trial was conducted from June 2016 to June 2018 at the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. Twenty-three subjects with MDD (aged 18 to 65, on antidepressants, with a score > 17 on the 17-item-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAM-D17]) received 50% N2O (n=12; 37.17±13.59 years) or placebo (100% oxygen) (n=11; 37.18±12.77 years) for 60 minutes twice a week for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was changes in HAM-D17 from baseline to week 4. RESULTS Depressive symptoms improved significantly in the N2O group (N2O: from 22.58±3.83 to 5.92±4.08; placebo: from 22.44±3.54 to 12.89±5.39, p < 0.005). A total of 91.7% and 75% of the N2O group subjects achieved response (≥ 50% reduction in HAM-D17 score) and remission (HAM-D17 < 7), respectively. The predominant adverse effects of N2O treatment were nausea, vomiting, and headache. CONCLUSION N2O treatment led to a statistically significant reduction in HAM-D17 scores compared to placebo. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Brazilian Register of Clinical Trials, RBR-5rz5ch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara C Guimarães
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago M Guimarães
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaime E Hallak
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Abrão
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Anestesiologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João P Machado-de-Sousa
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Owalla TJ, Ssebajjwe WJ, Muhanguzi D, Womersley JS, Kinyanda E, Kalungi A. Association of Stress, Glucocorticoid Receptor, and FK506 Binding Protein Gene Polymorphisms With Internalizing Disorders Among HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents From Kampala and Masaka Districts-Uganda. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:666426. [PMID: 34765574 PMCID: PMC8576357 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.666426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Children and adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (CA-HIV) suffer a considerable burden of internalizing disorders (IDs; depressive and anxiety disorders). Environmental and genetic factors have been reported to influence the vulnerability to IDs in western settings; however, their role among African populations remains inadequately explored. We investigated the individual and interactive effects of stress and single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the FK506 binding protein 5 (rs1360780) and glucocorticoid receptor (rs10482605) genes on ID status in a cohort of CA-HIV in Uganda. We genotyped rs10482605 (309 cases and 315 controls) and rs1360780 (350 cases and 335 controls) among CA-HIV with and without IDs using Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR. Socio-demographic variables, as well as allele and genotype distributions, were compared between cases and controls using chi-square tests. Genotypes were assessed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Composite indices of recent and chronic stress classes were also generated. A hierarchical cluster analysis was used to generate cutoff points within each of the indices of recent and chronic stress. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between IDs and each of recent stress, chronic stress, and the investigated genotypes. The interaction effect of chronic/recent stress on the association between each of the polymorphisms and IDs was determined using a likelihood ratio test. We observed no significant association between IDs and rs1360780 and rs10482605 polymorphisms within the FKBP5 and glucocorticoid receptor genes, respectively (P > 0.050). Severe recent stress increased the vulnerability to IDs among CA-HIV (P = 0.001). We did not observe any gene-environment effect on vulnerability to IDs in this population. These findings support the currently held opinion that polymorphisms at single genetic loci only contribute a very small effect to the genetic vulnerability to IDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonny Jimmy Owalla
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,Med Biotech Laboratories, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Wilber Joseph Ssebajjwe
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Dennis Muhanguzi
- Department of Bio-Molecular Resources and Bio-Laboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jacqueline Samantha Womersley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council, Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Eugene Kinyanda
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Allan Kalungi
- Mental Health Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Małgorzata P, Paweł K, Iwona ML, Brzostek T, Andrzej P. Glutamatergic dysregulation in mood disorders: opportunities for the discovery of novel drug targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:1187-1209. [PMID: 33138678 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1836160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, a considerable attention has been paid to glutamatergic conception of mood disorders. The development of new treatment strategies targeted at glutamate provides new opportunities for the treatment of mood disorders. It is expected that these novel therapeutic options will provide a fast and sustained antidepressant effect and will be better tolerated by patients than the currently available antidepressants. AREAS COVERED This paper discusses glutamatergic abnormalities in mood disorders and reviews novel glutamate-based drugs developed for the treatment of these disorders. We have searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases, presented the results of relevant clinical studies and also describe novel glutamate-based agents that are under investigation. EXPERT OPINION The glutamatergic system plays many important roles in energy metabolism of the brain and neurotransmission; therefore, any attempt to identify novel therapeutic targets within this system seems justified. The effective development of new glutamate-based drugs requires, among others, a more in-depth exploration and understanding of the anatomy, function, and localization of different glutamatergic receptors in the brain. In our opinion, novel glutamate-based antidepressants will find application in the treatment of mood disorders and present an option will be widely used in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panek Małgorzata
- Department of Biotechnology and General Technology of Food, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture , Kraków, Poland
| | - Kawalec Paweł
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland
| | - Malinowska Lipień Iwona
- Department of Internal Medicine and Community Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzostek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Community Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków, Poland
| | - Pilc Andrzej
- Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland.,Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków, Poland
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Zhao J, Hua S, Wang W, Fan W, Tang W, Zhang Y, Zhang C. Identification of TNFA influencing MDD risk and clinical features in Han Chinese. Cytokine 2020; 129:155030. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Treudler R, Zeynalova S, Riedel-Heller SG, Zuelke AE, Roehr S, Hinz A, Glaesmer H, Kage P, Loeffler M, Simon JC. Depression, anxiety and quality of life in subjects with atopic eczema in a population-based cross-sectional study in Germany. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:810-816. [PMID: 31838777 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic eczema (AE) may be associated with several mental health problems. In Germany, existing data from selected patient cohorts may lead to misestimation of the problem. OBJECTIVES We aimed to cross-sectionally determine associations of AE with depression, anxiety, quality of life (QoL) and social interactions in subjects from the population-based LIFE-Adult-Study. METHODS Subjects underwent standardized interviews (medical history) and answered standardized questionnaires [Centre of Epidemiologic studies-Depression scale (CES-D), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS), Short Form Health Survey (SF-8)]. We compared data from subjects with AE with those from subjects with selected other chronic/disabling diseases (cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer) and adjusted for selected sociodemographic parameters. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used for categorical variables, linear regression for continuous variables. RESULTS Out of 9104 adults included (57% female, median age 54 years), 372 (4.1%) had a history of AE. Compared with controls, subjects with AE showed higher scores for depressive symptoms (9.3% vs. 6.3%; P < 0.001) and anxiety (8.4% vs. 5.6%, P < 0.001). Odds ratio (OR) was 1.5 [CI 1.0; 2.3] (P = 0.031) for depression, which was comparable to OR in patients with a history of cancer (OR 1.6 [1-2.3], P = 0.001. OR for anxiety in AE was 1.5 [1.0; 2.2], P < 0.049, which was slightly higher than in diabetes mellitus (OR 1.2) and stroke (OR 1.4). Other than in diabetes and/or stroke, we did not find a significant association between AE and social isolation. QoL scores were lower in AE than in controls (mean 46.9 vs. 48.0, P < 0.001 for physical and 50.6 vs. 52.5, P < 0.001 for mental components). CONCLUSIONS Subjects with AE showed higher values for depression and anxiety as well as lower QoL scores compared to controls. With regard to depression, odds in AE and cancer were hardly different. Medical care of AE patients should therefore include mental health evaluation and treatment if indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Treudler
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, UMC Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Zeynalova
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Medicine, and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A E Zuelke
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Medicine, and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Roehr
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Medicine, and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Hinz
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H Glaesmer
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P Kage
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, UMC Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Loeffler
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J C Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, UMC Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Effectiveness of inpatient versus outpatient complex treatment programs in depressive disorders: a quasi-experimental study under naturalistic conditions. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:380. [PMID: 31791279 PMCID: PMC6889566 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to long waiting periods for outpatient psychotherapy and the high resource requirements of inpatient treatment, there is a need for alternative treatment programs for patients with depressive disorders. Thus, we investigated the effectiveness of the "Bielefeld Outpatient Intensive Treatment Program of Depression" (BID) in comparison with a typical inpatient treatment program by using a prospective quasi-experimental observational study. We assumed (i) that both complex programs are effective in pre-post analyses after 6 weeks and (ii) that inpatient treatment is more effective compared with the outpatient program. METHODS Four hundred patients with depressive psychopathology - a majority with depressive episodes (ICD-10 F3X) - took part in the BID and 193 in the inpatient program. Different self- (i.e., BDI) and expert measures (i.e., MADRS) of psychopathology at baseline (t1) and 6 weeks later (t2) were applied to examine treatment effects. RESULTS Treatment effects were high in separate analyses of both groups with Cohen's d ranging from 1.10 to 1.76., while ANOVA comparative analyses did not reveal any significant differences between both treatment settings nor did a set of independent covariates analyzed here. Response rates of BDI (p = .002) and MADRS (p = .001) were higher in the outpatient group. Results indicate BID not to be inferior compared to an inpatient program, although diverging pathways to treatment, higher rates of clinical recurrent depressive disorders and severe episodes as well as lower rates of employment and partnership in the inpatient treatment group have to be considered. CONCLUSION Outpatient intensive treatment programs may represent a solution for patients needing more than a treatment session once per week but less than a complex inpatient or day clinic program.
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Muttoni S, Ardissino M, John C. Classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2019; 258:11-24. [PMID: 31382100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychiatric disorders that carry significant morbidity. Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions are used to manage these conditions, but their efficacy is limited. Recent interest into the use of psychedelic-assisted therapy using ayahuasca, psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may be a promising alternative for patients unresponsive to traditional treatments. This review aims to determine the efficacy and tolerability of psychedelics in the management of resistant depression. METHODS Clinical trials investigating psychedelics in patients with depression and/or anxiety were searched via MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsychINFO. Efficacy was assessed by measuring symptom improvement from baseline, and tolerability was evaluated by noting the incidence and type of adverse effects reported. Risk of bias was assessed. RESULTS Seven studies, with 130 patients, were analysed in this review. Three were conducted in patients with depression, two in patients with anxiety and two in patients with both. In a supportive setting, ayahuasca, psilocybin, and LSD consistently produced immediate and significant anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects that were endured for several months. Psychedelics were well-tolerated. The most common adverse effects were transient anxiety, short-lived headaches, nausea and mild increases in heart rate and blood pressure. LIMITATIONS At present, the number of studies on this subject is very limited; and the number of participating patients within these is also limited as the treatment under investigations is a relatively novel concept. CONCLUSIONS Though further evidence is required, psychedelics appear to be effective in significantly reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety and are well-tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Muttoni
- Imperial College London, School of Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Maddalena Ardissino
- Imperial College London, School of Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Magill Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, United Kingdom.
| | - Christopher John
- Imperial College London, School of Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Depressive Symptomatology, Presenteeism Productivity, and Quality of Life: A Moderated Mediation Model. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:301-308. [PMID: 29252917 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
: In this study, we intend to test if presenteeism productivity influences the relationship between depressive symptoms and quality of life and also if this relation is conditional upon levels of information processing speed. Data were collected from 231 participants who completed a neuropsychological test and self-reported measures. Results revealed a significant indirect effect and a significant moderation effect. The association between depressive symptoms and presenteeism productivity was moderated by information processing speed only in their medium and high levels. Our findings suggest that individuals with higher levels of processing speed may have more difficulty in focusing on work without being distracted by health problems. The present investigation has made a significant contribution to the existing literature about cognitive function and productivity in workers with depressive symptomatology and its effects on their quality of life.
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Guo Y, Sun J, Hu S, Nicholas S, Wang J. Hospitalization Costs and Financial Burden on Families with Children with Depression: A Cross-Section Study in Shandong Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193526. [PMID: 31547207 PMCID: PMC6801864 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background: Depression, one of the most frequent mental disorders, affects more than 350 million people of all ages worldwide, with China facing an increased prevalence of depression. Childhood depression is on the rise; globally, and in China. This study estimates the hospitalization costs and the financial burden on families with children suffering from depression and recommends strategies both to improve the health care of children with depression and to reduce their families’ financial burden. Methods: The data were obtained from the hospitalization information system of 297 general hospitals in six regions of Shandong Province, China. We identified 488 children with depression. The information on demographics, comorbidities, medical insurance, hospitalization costs and insurance reimbursements were extracted from the hospital’s information systems. Descriptive statistics were presented, and regression analyses were conducted to explore the factors associated with hospitalization costs. STATA14 software was used for analysis. Results: The mean age of children with depression was 13.46 ± 0.13 years old. The availability of medical insurance directly affected the hospitalization costs of children with depression. The children with medical insurance had average total hospitalization expenses of RMB14528.05RMB (US$2111.91) and length of stay in hospital of 38.87 days compared with the children without medical insurance of hospital with expenses of RMB10825.55 (US$1573.69) and hospital stays of 26.54 days. Insured children’s mean out-of-pocket expenses (6517.38RMB) was lower than the those of uninsured children (RMB10825.55 or US$1573.69), significant at 0.01 level. Insured children incurred higher treatment costs, drug costs, bed fees, check-up fees, test costs and nursing fees than uninsured patients (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Children suffering from depression with medical insurance had higher hospitalization costs and longer hospitalization stays than children without medical insurance. While uninsured inpatients experienced larger out-of-pocket costs than insured patients, out-of-pocket hospital expenses strained all family budgets, pushing many, especially low-income, families into poverty—insured or uninsured. The different hospital cost structures for drugs, treatment, bed fees, nursing and other costs, between insured and uninsured children with depression, suggest the need for further investigations of treatment regimes, including over-demand by parents for treatment of their children, over-supply of treatment by medical staff and under-treatment of uninsured patients. We recommend more careful attention paid to diagnosing depression in girls and further reform to China’s health insurance schemes—especially to allow migrant families to gain basic medical insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Guo
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Shandong University; Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPC (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Jingjie Sun
- Shandong Health Commission Medical Management Service Center, Jian 250014, China.
| | - Simeng Hu
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Shandong University; Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, NHFPC (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Stephen Nicholas
- School of Management and School of Economics, Tianjin Normal University, West Bin Shui Avenue, Tianjin 300074, China.
- Newcastle Business School, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, NSW 2038, Australia.
- Guangdong Institute for International Strategies, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510420, China.
- Top Education Institute, 1 Central Avenue, Australian Technology Park, Eveleigh, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia.
| | - Jian Wang
- Dong Fureng Institute of Economic and Social Development, Wuhan University, No.54 Dongsi Lishi Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.
- Center for Health Economics and Management at School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China.
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Nordgreen T, Blom K, Andersson G, Carlbring P, Havik OE. Effectiveness of guided Internet-delivered treatment for major depression in routine mental healthcare - An open study. Internet Interv 2019; 18:100274. [PMID: 31890623 PMCID: PMC6926287 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2019.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders and is estimated to become the leading cause of disability worldwide by 2030. Increasing access to effective treatment for depression is a major societal challenge. In this context, the increasing use of computers in the form of laptops or smartphones has made it feasible to increase access to mental healthcare through digital technology. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a 14-week therapist-guided Internet-delivered program for patients with major depression undergoing routine care. From 2015 to 2018, 105 patients were included in the study. For depressive symptoms, we identified significant within-group effect sizes (post-treatment: d = 0.96; 6-month follow-up: d = 1.21). We also found significant effects on secondary anxiety and insomnia symptoms (d = 0.55-0.92). Clinically reliable improvement was reported by 48% of those undergoing the main parts of the treatment, whereas 5% of the participants reported a clinically significant deterioration. However, a large proportion of patients showed no clinically reliable change. In summary, the study identified large treatment effects, but also highlighted room for improvement in the usability of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Nordgreen
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway,Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway,Corresponding author at: Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway.
| | - Kerstin Blom
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway,Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden,Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, M58, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Carlbring
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Odd E. Havik
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
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Geugies H, Mocking RJT, Figueroa CA, Groot PFC, Marsman JBC, Servaas MN, Steele JD, Schene AH, Ruhé HG. Impaired reward-related learning signals in remitted unmedicated patients with recurrent depression. Brain 2019; 142:2510-2522. [PMID: 31280309 PMCID: PMC6734943 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the core symptoms of major depressive disorder is anhedonia, an inability to experience pleasure. In patients with major depressive disorder, a dysfunctional reward-system may exist, with blunted temporal difference reward-related learning signals in the ventral striatum and increased temporal difference-related (dopaminergic) activation in the ventral tegmental area. Anhedonia often remains as residual symptom during remission; however, it remains largely unknown whether the abovementioned reward systems are still dysfunctional when patients are in remission. We used a Pavlovian classical conditioning functional MRI task to explore the relationship between anhedonia and the temporal difference-related response of the ventral tegmental area and ventral striatum in medication-free remitted recurrent depression patients (n = 36) versus healthy control subjects (n = 27). Computational modelling was used to obtain the expected temporal difference errors during this task. Patients, compared to healthy controls, showed significantly increased temporal difference reward learning activation in the ventral tegmental area (PFWE,SVC = 0.028). No differences were observed between groups for ventral striatum activity. A group × anhedonia interaction [t(57) = -2.29, P = 0.026] indicated that in patients, higher anhedonia was associated with lower temporal difference activation in the ventral tegmental area, while in healthy controls higher anhedonia was associated with higher ventral tegmental area activation. These findings suggest impaired reward-related learning signals in the ventral tegmental area during remission in patients with depression. This merits further investigation to identify impaired reward-related learning as an endophenotype for recurrent depression. Moreover, the inverse association between reinforcement learning and anhedonia in patients implies an additional disturbing influence of anhedonia on reward-related learning or vice versa, suggesting that the level of anhedonia should be considered in behavioural treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke Geugies
- University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel J T Mocking
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline A Figueroa
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Warneford Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Paul F C Groot
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Bernard C Marsman
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle N Servaas
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Douglas Steele
- Medical School (Neuroscience), University of Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Aart H Schene
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus G Ruhé
- University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Warneford Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Zhang K, Fan Z, Wang Y, Faraone SV, Yang L, Chang S. Genetic analysis for cognitive flexibility in the trail-making test in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients from single nucleotide polymorphism, gene to pathway level. World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 20:476-485. [PMID: 28971736 PMCID: PMC10752618 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1386324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Investigation of the genetic basis of endophenotype and analysis the pathways with multiple genes of small effects might increase the understanding of the genetic basis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here we aimed to explore the genetic basis of cognitive flexibility in ADHD at the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), gene and pathway levels. Methods: The trail-making test was used to test the cognitive flexibility of 788 ADHD patients. A genome-wide association analysis of cognitive flexibility was conducted for 644,166 SNPs. Results: The top SNP rs2049161 (P = 5.08e-7) involved gene DLGAP1 and the top gene CADPS2 in the gene-based analysis resulted in much literature evidence of associations with psychiatric disorders. Gene expression and network analysis showed their contribution to cognition function. The interval-enrichment analysis highlighted a potential contribution of 'adenylate cyclase activity' and ADCY2 to cognitive flexibility. Candidate pathway-based analysis for all SNPs found that glutamate system-, neurite outgrowth- and noradrenergic system-related pathways were significantly associated with cognitive flexibility (FDR <0.05), among which the neurite outgrowth pathway was also associated with ADHD symptoms. Conclusions: This study provides evidence for the genes and pathways associated with cognitive flexibility and facilitate the uncovering of the genetic basis of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Beijing100049, China
| | - Zili Fan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), 51 HuayuanBei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), 51 HuayuanBei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse NY, USA; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Li Yang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), 51 HuayuanBei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Suhua Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Beijing100049, China
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Kito S, Miyazi M, Nakatani H, Matsuda Y, Yamazaki R, Okamoto T, Igarashi Y. Effectiveness of high-frequency left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with treatment-resistant depression: A randomized clinical trial of 37.5-minute vs 18.75-minute protocol. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2019; 39:203-208. [PMID: 31240870 PMCID: PMC7292276 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Clinical trials and meta‐analyses have demonstrated the efficacy of high‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left prefrontal cortex in treatment‐resistant depression. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness of the conventional 37.5‐minute vs 18.75‐minute rTMS protocol over the left prefrontal cortex in patients with treatment‐resistant depressive episode. Methods Thirty patients with treatment‐resistant depression or bipolar disorder depressive episode were randomized 1:1 to either 37.5‐minute or 18.75‐minute rTMS protocol groups. rTMS treatment was applied at 120% resting motor threshold with 10 Hz over the left prefrontal cortex. Treatment sessions were delivered for a total of 3000 pulses/d, 5 days a week, for 4‐6 weeks. Patients received a 75 trains with “4 sec on and 26 sec off” for 37.5 minutes or a 75 trains with “4 sec on and 11 sec off” for 18.75 minutes. Severity of depression was rated with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9). Remission was defined as a total score of 5 or less on the QIDS. The primary outcome measure was to compare the remission rate between the both groups. Results Thirteen of 30 patients (43.3%) showed remission at week 6. There were no significant differences in the remission rate between the conventional 37.5‐ and 18.75‐minute protocol groups (46.7% and 40.0%, respectively). No seizures or treatment‐emergent mania/hypomania were occurred. Conclusion These findings suggest that, compared with the conventional one, rTMS with 18.75‐minute protocol might be equally effective and clinically beneficial in saving the treatment session length. Further well‐designed studies are needed. Effectiveness of rTMS in treatment‐resistant depression: a randomized clinical trial of 37.5‐minute vs 18.75‐minute protocol![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Kito
- Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuki Matsuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Yamazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Al-Qahtani AM, Shaikh MAK, Shaikh IA. Exercise as a treatment modality for depression: A narrative review. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Awad Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ibrahim Ahmed Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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Nyberg A, Rajaleid K, Westerlund H, Hammarström A. Does social and professional establishment at age 30 mediate the association between school connectedness and family climate at age 16 and mental health symptoms at age 43? J Affect Disord 2019; 246:52-61. [PMID: 30578946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to use a theoretical framework developed by Bronfenbrenner in order to investigate if the association between school connectedness and family climate at age 16 and mental health symptoms at age 43 is mediated by social and professional establishment at age 30. METHODS Data were drawn from The Northern Swedish Cohort, a prospective population-based cohort. The present study included 506 women and 577 men who responded to questionnaires at age 16 (in year 1981), age 30 (in 1995) and age 43 (in 2008). Mediation was tested by fitting structural equation models (SEM) and estimating direct effects between proximal processes (school connectedness and family climate) and symptoms of depression and anxiety respectively, and indirect effects via social and professional establishment (professional activity, educational level, and civil status). RESULTS The standardised estimate for the direct path from school connectedness to depression was -0.147 (p = .000) and the indirect effect mediated by professional activity -0.017 (p = .011) and by civil status -0.020 (p = .002). The standardised direct effect between school connectedness and anxiety was -0.147 (p = .000) and the indirect effect mediated by civil status -0.018 (p = .005). Family climate was not significantly associated with the outcomes or mediators. LIMITATIONS Self-reported data; mental health measures not diagnostic; closed cohort; intelligence, personality and home situation before age 16 not accounted for. CONCLUSIONS Professional and social establishment in early adulthood appear to partially mediate the association between adolescent school connectedness and mental health symptoms in middle-age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nyberg
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kristiina Rajaleid
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hugo Westerlund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Hammarström
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Public Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 22 Uppsala, Sweden
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Genome-wide association study identifies a novel locus associated with psychological distress in the Japanese population. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:52. [PMID: 30705256 PMCID: PMC6355763 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and disabling psychiatric disorder. A recent mega analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified 44 loci associated with MDD, though most of the genetic etiologies of the MDD/psychological distress remain unclear. To further understand the genetic basis of MDD/psychological distress, we conducted a GWAS in East Asia with more than 10,000 participants of Japanese ancestry who had enrolled in a direct-to-consumer genetic test. After quality control on the genotype data, 10,330 subjects with a total of 8,567,708 imputed SNPs were eligible for the analysis. The participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on their past medical history and health conditions that included the 6-item Kessler screening scale (K6 scale) for psychological distress (cut-off point of 5) and past medical history of MDD, resulting in 3981 subjects assigned to "psychologically distressed group" [cases], and the remaining 6349 subjects were assigned to the "non-psychologically distressed group" [controls]. In this GWAS, we found an association with genome-wide significance at rs6073833 (P = 7.60 × 10-9) in 20q13.12. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first large-scale GWAS for psychological distress using data from direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic tests in a population of non-European-ancestry, and the present study thus detected a novel locus significantly associated with psychological distress in the Japanese population.
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Josefsson A, Vikström J, Bladh M, Sydsjö G. Major depressive disorder in women and risk for future generations: population-based three-generation study. BJPsych Open 2019; 5:e8. [PMID: 30632472 PMCID: PMC6343114 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2018.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The well-known adverse consequences of maternal depression prompts consideration of the importance of learning more about intergenerational transmission in order to identify individuals at risk of developing depressive disorders.AimsTo follow two generations of women with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to examine the risk of MDD in the third-generation children. METHOD A register-based, retrospective cohort study of all women born in Sweden between 1973 and 1982 who had given birth during the study period, their mothers and their children. All generations were followed until 2013. Data was stratified into two cohorts: women born between 1973 and 1977 and those born between 1978 and 1982. RESULTS Second-generation women were twice as likely to be diagnosed with MDD if their mothers had been diagnosed with MDD. If both previous generations had been diagnosed with depression the likelihood of the third-generation child being diagnosed with MDD was markedly increased (odds ratio (OR) = 5.07, 95% CI 4.06-6.34 and OR = 7.20, 95% CI 4.41-11.77 in cohort 1 and cohort 2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS There is a strong intergenerational impact in the transmission of MDD. The risk of MDD is especially high in individuals with MDD in both previous maternal generations.Declaration of interestNone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Josefsson
- Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,Linköping University,Sweden
| | - Josefin Vikström
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,Linköping University,Sweden
| | - Marie Bladh
- Statistician, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,Linköping University,Sweden
| | - Gunilla Sydsjö
- Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,Linköping University,Sweden
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Raj S, Sachdeva SA, Jha R, Sharad S, Singh T, Arya YK, Verma SK. Effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive behavior therapy on life satisfaction, and life orientation of adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation. Asian J Psychiatr 2019; 39:58-62. [PMID: 30579108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Suicide and depression are among the most alarming phenomena prevalent throughout the world. Various approaches have tried to explain the intricacies in depression and suicide, as a consequence of faulty psychological adjustment of the individual. Several therapeutic approaches have been developed to strengthen one's coping process, among which cognitive behaviour therapy has shown promising results. Also, mindfulness-based approaches to cognitive behavioural therapy have further accelerated the well-being of such individuals. This study was conducted with an aim to see the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive behaviour therapy on life satisfaction and life orientation in adolescents with depression and suicidal behaviour. A sample of 30 adolescents who scored high on scales of depression and suicidal tendencies were administered pre-test measures on life satisfaction and life orientation. After that they were exposed to an eight weeks programme on mindfulness-based cognitive behaviour therapy, followed by a post-assessment on the same measures. The analysis of pre and post test revealed a significant enhancement in life satisfaction, life orientation, and family functioning as well as a reduction in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. It is concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive behaviour therapy serves as an effective medium to enhance the psychological functioning of depressive and suicidal adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Raj
- Department of Psychology, R.D.S. College, B.R.A Bihar University, Muzzafurpur, India
| | | | - Rubina Jha
- Freelancer Counselor and School Teacher, Holy Cross Public School Sikkim, India
| | | | - Tushar Singh
- Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, India.
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Shen M, Yang Y, Wu Y, Zhang B, Wu H, Wang L, Tang H, Chen J. L-theanine ameliorate depressive-like behavior in a chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model via modulating the monoamine levels in limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic-circuit related brain regions. Phytother Res 2018; 33:412-421. [PMID: 30474152 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
L-theanine, originally found in green tea, elicits various physiological effects, such as promoting relaxation, improving concentration and learning ability, and providing antianxiety-like and antidepressant-like properties. This study aims to investigate the effects of L-theanine (2 mg/kg) on monoamine levels in an animal model of depression. The effect of l-theanine on the symptoms of depression was examined through the open-field test, sucrose preference test, and forced swim test. The monoamine neurotransmitters that involve serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) were measured in the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic (LCSPT)-circuit related brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (NAC), striatum (ST), amygdala, and hippocampus (HIP). L-theanine ameliorated the depressive-like behaviors in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model. In the PFC, NAC, and HIP, L-theanine administration significantly increased the levels of 5-HT, NE, and DA. In the ST, the levels of 5-HT and DA were increased after the administration of L-theanine. However, in the HIP, only the level of DA significantly changed after the treatment of L-theanine. Taken together, these results indicated that L-theanine has possibly antidepressant-like effects in the CUMS rat model, which could be mediated by the monoamine neurotransmitters in the LCSPT-circuit related brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjun Shen
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Intensive Care Unit of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haishan Wu
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zirak N, Shafiee M, Soltani G, Mirzaei M, Sahebkar A. Hypericum perforatum in the treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders: Current evidence and potential mechanisms of action. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8496-8508. [PMID: 30461013 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are substantially associated with reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Depression and anxiety are two of the most common psychiatric disorders that often co-occur with each other as well as with other mental health conditions. Because of the limitations of currently available antidepressant therapies, there is a need for agents with improved efficacy and less adverse effects. Hypericum perforatum, widely known as St. John's wort, is a perennial herbaceous plant most well known for its antidepressant properties. METHODS We reviewed the available in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence on the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of St. John's wort and its active constituents in the treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. RESULTS Several interesting data have been reported about the antidepressant properties of H. perforatum in clinical trials with different designs. In particular, a number of antidepressant-controlled trials demonstrated that H. perforatum and its active ingredients, hypericin and hyperforin, possess antidepressant properties similar to those of tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors but with fewer and milder side effects. CONCLUSION St. John's wort may exert potent antidepressant effects and represents an efficacious and safe treatment. However, the current clinical evidence regarding the efficacy of H. perforatum in other psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders is not sufficient to draw a robust conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Zirak
- Lung Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shafiee
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghasem Soltani
- Lung Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mirzaei
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Akbaraly T, Sexton C, Zsoldos E, Mahmood A, Filippini N, Kerleau C, Verdier JM, Virtanen M, Gabelle A, Ebmeier KP, Kivimaki M. Association of Long-Term Diet Quality with Hippocampal Volume: Longitudinal Cohort Study. Am J Med 2018; 131:1372-1381.e4. [PMID: 30056104 PMCID: PMC6237674 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet quality is associated with brain aging outcomes. However, few studies have explored in humans the brain structures potentially affected by long-term diet quality. We examined whether cumulative average of the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010) score during adult life (an 11-year exposure period) is associated with hippocampal volume. METHODS Analyses were based on data from 459 participants of the Whitehall II imaging sub-study (mean age [standard deviation] (SD) = 59.6 [5.3] years in 2002-2004, 19.2% women). Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging examination was performed at the end of follow-up (2015-2016). Structural images were acquired using a high-resolution 3-dimensional T1-weighted sequence and processed with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain Software Library (FSL) tools. An automated model-based segmentation and registration tool was applied to extract hippocampal volumes. RESULTS Higher AHEI-2010 cumulative average score (reflecting long-term healthy diet quality) was associated with a larger total hippocampal volume. For each 1 SD (SD = 8.7 points) increment in AHEI-2010 score, an increase of 92.5 mm3 (standard error = 42.0 mm3) in total hippocampal volume was observed. This association was independent of sociodemographic factors, smoking habits, physical activity, cardiometabolic health factors, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms, and was more pronounced in the left hippocampus than in the right hippocampus. Of the AHEI-2010 components, no or light alcohol consumption was independently associated with larger hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS Higher long-term AHEI-2010 scores were associated with larger hippocampal volume. Accounting for the importance of hippocampal structures in several neuropsychiatric diseases, our findings reaffirm the need to consider adherence to healthy dietary recommendation in multi-interventional programs to promote healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnime Akbaraly
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM U1198, PSL Research University, Montpellier, France; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK; Department of Psychiatry & Autism Resources Centre, Hospital and University Research Center of Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Sexton
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Abda Mahmood
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Filippini
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Clarisse Kerleau
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM U1198, PSL Research University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Verdier
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM U1198, PSL Research University, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- Memory Resources and Research Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1183, France
| | - Klaus P Ebmeier
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
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