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Zhao Y, Peng H, Sun L, Tong J, Cui C, Bai Z, Yan J, Qin D, Liu Y, Wang J, Wu X, Li B. The application of small intestinal submucosa in tissue regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101032. [PMID: 38533376 PMCID: PMC10963656 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The distinctive three-dimensional architecture, biological functionality, minimal immunogenicity, and inherent biodegradability of small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix materials have attracted considerable interest and found wide-ranging applications in the domain of tissue regeneration engineering. This article presents a comprehensive examination of the structure and role of small intestinal submucosa, delving into diverse preparation techniques and classifications. Additionally, it proposes approaches for evaluating and modifying SIS scaffolds. Moreover, the advancements of SIS in the regeneration of skin, bone, heart valves, blood vessels, bladder, uterus, and urethra are thoroughly explored, accompanied by their respective future prospects. Consequently, this review enhances our understanding of the applications of SIS in tissue and organ repair and keeps researchers up-to-date with the latest research advancements in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongyi Peng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lingxiang Sun
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiahui Tong
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Chenying Cui
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Ziyang Bai
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Danlei Qin
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yingyu Liu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jue Wang
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
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Kojima H, Kushige H, Yagi H, Nishijima T, Moritoki N, Nagoshi N, Nakano Y, Tanaka M, Hori S, Hasegawa Y, Abe Y, Kitago M, Nakamura M, Kitagawa Y. Combinational Treatment Involving Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increased the Efficacy of Cell Therapy in Pancreatitis. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231170437. [PMID: 37191199 PMCID: PMC10192953 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231170437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transplantation using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising approach to repairing and regenerating injured or impaired organs. However, the survival and retention of MSCs following transplantation remain a challenge. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of co-transplantation of MSCs and decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels, which have high cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. The dECM solution was prepared by enzymatic digestion of an acellular porcine liver scaffold. It could be gelled and formed into porous fibrillar microstructures at physiological temperatures. MSCs expanded three-dimensionally in the hydrogel without cell death. Compared to the 2-dimensional cell culture, MSCs cultured in the hydrogel showed increased secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein (TSG-6), both of which are major anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic paracrine factors of MSCs, under TNFα stimulation. In vivo experiments showed that the co-transplantation of MSCs with dECM hydrogel improved the survival rate of engrafted cells compared to those administered without the hydrogel. MSCs also demonstrated therapeutic effects in improving inflammation and fibrosis of pancreatic tissue in a dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC)-induced rat pancreatitis model. Combinational use of dECM hydrogel with MSCs is a new strategy to overcome the challenges of cell therapy using MSCs and can be used for treating chronic inflammatory diseases in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kushige
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yagi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nishijima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio
University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Moritoki
- Electron Microscope Laboratory, Keio
University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narihito Nagoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio
University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakano
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shutaro Hori
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Abe
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Kitago
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio
University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University
School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhou H, Shen Y, Zhang Z, Liu X, Zhang J, Chen J. Comparison of outcomes of ventral hernia repair using different meshes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Hernia 2022; 26:1561-1571. [PMID: 35925502 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted a network meta-analysis to evaluate potential differences in patient outcomes when different meshes, especially biological meshes, were used for ventral hernia repair. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials.gov databases were searched for studies comparing biological meshes with biological or synthetic meshes for ventral hernia repair. The outcomes were hernia recurrence rate, surgical site infection, and seroma. We performed a two-step network meta-analysis to investigate the outcomes of several biological meshes: non-cross-linked human acellular dermal matrix (NCHADM), non-cross-linked porcine ADM (NCPADM), non-cross-linked bovine ADM (NCBADM), cross-linked porcine ADM (CPADM), and porcine small intestinal submucosa (PSIS). RESULTS From 6304 publications, 23 studies involving 2603 patients were finally included. We found no differences between meshes in recurrence at 1-year follow-up and in surgical site infection rate. NCBADM was associated with the lowest recurrence rate and the lowest surgical site infection rate. NCHADM implantation was associated with the lowest rate of seroma. PSIS was associated with a higher risk of seroma than NCHADM (pooled risk ratio 3.89, 95% confidence interval 1.13-13.39) and NCPADM (RR 3.42, 95% CI 1.29-9.06). CONCLUSIONS Our network meta-analysis found no differences in recurrence rate or surgical site infection among different biological meshes. The incidence of postoperative seroma was higher with PSIS than with acellular dermal matrices. We observed large heterogeneity in the studies of ventral hernia repair using biological meshes, and, therefore, well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Z Zhang
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - J Chen
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Talaei-Khozani T, Yaghoubi A. An overview of post transplantation events of decellularized scaffolds. Transpl Immunol 2022; 74:101640. [PMID: 35667545 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are reasonable techniques for repairing failed tissues and could be a suitable alternative to organ transplantation. One of the most widely used methods for preparing bioscaffolds is the decellularization procedure. Although cell debris and DNA are removed from the decellularized tissues, important compositions of the extracellular matrix including proteins, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins are nearly preserved. Moreover, the obtained scaffolds have a 3-dimensional (3D) structure, appropriate naïve mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility. After transplantation, different types of host cells migrate to the decellularized tissues. Histological and immunohistochemical assessment of the different bioscaffolds after implantation reveals the migration of parenchymal cells, angiogenesis, as well as the invasion of inflammatory and giant foreign cells. In this review, the events after transplantation including angiogenesis, scaffold degradation, and the presence of immune and tissue-specific progenitor cells in the decellularized scaffolds in various hosts, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Histotomorphometry and stereology research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Tissue engineering lab, Anatomy Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Yaghoubi
- Tissue engineering lab, Anatomy Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa (SIS) as a Suitable Scaffold for the Creation of a Tissue-Engineered Urinary Conduit: Decellularization, Biomechanical and Biocompatibility Characterization Using New Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052826. [PMID: 35269969 PMCID: PMC8910833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most common malignancies in the world and a relevant cause of cancer mortality. BC is one of the most frequent causes for bladder removal through radical cystectomy, the gold-standard treatment for localized muscle-invasive and some cases of high-risk, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. In order to restore urinary functionality, an autologous intestinal segment has to be used to create a urinary diversion. However, several complications are associated with bowel-tract removal, affecting patients' quality of life. The present study project aims to develop a bio-engineered material to simplify this surgical procedure, avoiding related surgical complications and improving patients' quality of life. The main novelty of such a therapeutic approach is the decellularization of a porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) conduit to replace the autologous intestinal segment currently used as urinary diversion after radical cystectomy, while avoiding an immune rejection. Here, we performed a preliminary evaluation of this acellular product by developing a novel decellularization process based on an environmentally friendly, mild detergent, i.e., Tergitol, to replace the recently declared toxic Triton X-100. Treatment efficacy was evaluated through histology, DNA, hydroxyproline and elastin quantification, mechanical and insufflation tests, two-photon microscopy, FTIR analysis, and cytocompatibility tests. The optimized decellularization protocol is effective in removing cells, including DNA content, from the porcine SIS, while preserving the integrity of the extracellular matrix despite an increase in stiffness. An effective sterilization protocol was found, and cytocompatibility of treated SIS was demonstrated from day 1 to day 7, during which human fibroblasts were able to increase in number and strongly organize along tissue fibres. Taken together, this in vitro study suggests that SIS is a suitable candidate for use in urinary diversions in place of autologous intestinal segments, considering the optimal results of decellularization and cell proliferation. Further efforts should be undertaken in order to improve SIS conduit patency and impermeability to realize a future viable substitute.
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Abstract
Tissue engineering could play a major role in the setting of urinary diversion. Several conditions cause the functional or anatomic loss of urinary bladder, requiring reconstructive procedures on the urinary tract. Three main approaches are possible: (i) incontinent cutaneous diversion, such as ureterocutaneostomy, colonic or ileal conduit, (ii) continent pouch created using different segments of the gastrointestinal system and a cutaneous stoma, and (iii) orthotopic urinary diversion with an intestinal segment with spherical configuration and anastomosis to the urethra (neobladder, orthotopic bladder substitution). However, urinary diversions are associated with numerous complications, such as mucus production, electrolyte imbalances and increased malignant transformation potential. In this context, tissue engineering would have the fundamental role of creating a suitable material for urinary diversion, avoiding the use of bowel segments, and reducing complications. Materials used for the purpose of urinary substitution are biological in case of acellular tissue matrices and naturally derived materials, or artificial in case of synthetic polymers. However, only limited success has been achieved so far. The aim of this review is to present the ideal properties of a urinary tissue engineered scaffold and to examine the results achieved so far. The most promising studies have been highlighted in order to guide the choice of scaffolds and cells type for further evolutions.
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Hou N, Xu X, Lv D, Lu Y, Li J, Cui P, Ma R, Luo X, Tang Y, Zheng Y. Tissue-engineered esophagus: recellular esophageal extracellular matrix based on perfusion-decellularized technique and mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34384057 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac1d3d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Perfusion-decellularization was an interesting technique to generate a natural extracellular matrix (ECM) with the complete three-dimensional anatomical structure and vascular system. In this study, the esophageal ECM (E-ECM) scaffold was successfully constructed by perfusion-decellularized technique through the vascular system for the first time. And the physicochemical and biological properties of the E-ECM scaffolds were evaluated. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were induced to differentiate into myocytesin vitro. E-ECM scaffolds reseeded with myocytes were implanted into the greater omenta to obtain recellular esophageal ECM (RE-ECM), a tissue-engineered esophagus. The results showed that the cells of the esophagi were completely and uniformly removed after perfusion. E-ECM scaffolds retained the original four-layer organizational structure and vascular system with excellent biocompatibility. And the E-ECM scaffolds had no significant difference in mechanical properties comparing with fresh esophagi,p> 0.05. Immunocytochemistry showed positive expression ofα-sarcomeric actin, suggesting that BMSCs had successfully differentiated into myocytes. Most importantly, we found that in the RE-ECM muscularis, the myocytes regenerated linearly and continuously and migrated to the deep, and the tissue vascularization was obvious. The cell survival rates at 1 week and 2 weeks were 98.5 ± 3.0% and 96.4 ± 4.6%, respectively. It was demonstrated that myocytes maintained the ability for proliferation and differentiation for at least 2 weeks, and the cell activity was satisfactory in the RE-ECM. It follows that the tissue-engineered esophagus based on perfusion-decellularized technique and mesenchymal stem cells has great potential in esophageal repair. It is proposed as a promising alternative for reconstruction of esophageal defects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University-Town Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Municipality, People's Republic of China
| | - Die Lv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruina Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Luo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
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Cour F, Munier P, Kaulanjan K, Vidart A, Bosset PO, Neuzillet Y. Small intestinal submucosa xenograft to manage lower urinary tract prostheses perforation: a new path? Int Urogynecol J 2021; 33:627-635. [PMID: 33787953 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-021-04771-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Tapes for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and meshes for pelvic organ prolapse can result in postoperative complications, such as urethral (UP) or bladder (BP) perforations. Martius fat pad (MFP) is an historic procedure, widely used to treat lower urinary tract (LUT) fistulae. We report our experience with the insertion of the biological small intestinal submucosa (SIS) xenograft as an alternative to MFP in these prosthetic complications. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, monocentric study which included all patients who underwent SIS insertion during surgical removal of tape/vaginal mesh for UP or BP from 2011 to 2019. Preoperative assessment was based on history, symptoms, physical examination and urethrocystoscopy. Primary outcome was successful repair defined as absence of any LUT defect. Secondary outcomes were complications, LUT symptoms, pain and additional SUI surgical procedures. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included. Twenty-six had a UP and eight a BP. In four cases, perforation involved both the bladder neck and urethra. All LUT defects were cured. Six postoperative complications were reported (five of grade ≤ 2 and one of grade 3b according to the Clavien-Dindo classification). At the mean follow-up of 37.2 (range 6-98) months, 14 patients (36.8%) presenting a postoperative SUI underwent a SUI surgical procedure and 1 patient had a laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for cystocele recurrence. CONCLUSION Absorbable SIS xenograft is an effective and safe graft for the management of lower urinary tract tape and mesh perforations. The cost has to be balanced with the good results, short operative time and no fat pad complications as in MFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Cour
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, 40 Rue Worth, 92150, Suresnes, France.
| | - Pierre Munier
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, 40 Rue Worth, 92150, Suresnes, France
| | - Kevin Kaulanjan
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, 40 Rue Worth, 92150, Suresnes, France
| | - Adrien Vidart
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, 40 Rue Worth, 92150, Suresnes, France
| | | | - Yann Neuzillet
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, 40 Rue Worth, 92150, Suresnes, France.,University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France
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Allen KB, Adams JD, Badylak SF, Garrett HE, Mouawad NJ, Oweida SW, Parikshak M, Sultan PK. Extracellular Matrix Patches for Endarterectomy Repair. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:631750. [PMID: 33644135 PMCID: PMC7904872 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.631750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patch repair is the preferred method for arteriotomy closure following femoral or carotid endarterectomy. Choosing among available patch options remains a clinical challenge, as current evidence suggests roughly comparable outcomes between autologous grafts and synthetic and biologic materials. Biologic patches have potential advantages over other materials, including reduced risk for infection, mitigation of an excessive foreign body response, and the potential to remodel into healthy, vascularized tissue. Here we review the use of decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) for cardiovascular applications, particularly endarterectomy repair, and the capacity of these materials to remodel into native, site-appropriate tissues. Also presented are data from two post-market observational studies of patients undergoing iliofemoral and carotid endarterectomy patch repair as well as one histologic case report in a challenging iliofemoral endarterectomy repair, all with the use of small intestine submucosa (SIS)-ECM. In alignment with previously reported studies, high patency was maintained, and adverse event rates were comparable to previously reported rates of patch angioplasty. Histologic analysis from one case identified constructive remodeling of the SIS-ECM, consistent with the histologic characteristics of the endarterectomized vessel. These clinical and histologic results align with the biologic potential described in the academic ECM literature. To our knowledge, this is the first histologic demonstration of SIS-ECM remodeling into site-appropriate vascular tissues following endarterectomy. Together, these findings support the safety and efficacy of SIS-ECM for patch repair of femoral and carotid arteriotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith B Allen
- St. Luke's Hospital of Kansas City, St. Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Joshua D Adams
- Carilion Clinic Aortic and Endovascular Surgery, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - H Edward Garrett
- Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
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Iimori Y, Iwai R, Nagatani K, Inoue Y, Funayama-Iwai M, Okamoto M, Nakata M, Mie K, Nishida H, Nakayama Y, Akiyoshi H. Urinary bladder reconstruction using autologous collagenous connective tissue membrane "Biosheet®" induced by in-body tissue architecture: A pilot study. Regen Ther 2020; 15:274-280. [PMID: 33426229 PMCID: PMC7770416 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In-body tissue architecture (iBTA) technology, based on cell-free tissue engineering, can produces collagenous tissues for implantation by subcutaneous embedding a designed mold. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of iBTA-induced "Biosheet®" collagenous sheets, as scaffold materials for bladder reconstruction. METHODS Canine Biosheet® implants were prepared by embedding molds into subcutaneous pouches in beagles for 8 weeks. A part of canine bladder wall was excised (2 × 2 cm) and repaired by patching the same sized autologous Biosheet®. The Biosheet® implants were harvested 4 weeks (n = 1) and 12 weeks (n = 3) after the implantation and evaluated histologically. RESULTS No disruption of the patched Biosheet® implants or urinary leakage into the peritoneal cavity was observed during the entire observation periods. There were no signs of chronic inflammation or Biosheet® rejection. The urine-contacting surface of luminal surface of the Biosheet® was covered with a multicellular layer of urothelium cells 4 weeks after implantation. α-SMA-positive muscle cells were observed at the margin of the Biosheet® implants at 12 weeks after the implantation. In addition, in the center of the Biosheet® implants, the formation of microvessels stained as α-SMA-positive was observed. CONCLUSION Biosheet® implants have biocompatibility as a scaffold for bladder reconstruction, indicating that they may be applicable for full-thickness bladder wall substitution. Further studies are required for definitive evaluation as a scaffold for bladder reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Iimori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Iwai
- Research Institute of Technology, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Kengo Nagatani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Yuka Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Marina Funayama-Iwai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mari Okamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mio Nakata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Mie
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nishida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | | | - Hideo Akiyoshi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
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Kheirjou R, Rad JS, Khosroshahi AF, Roshangar L. The useful agent to have an ideal biological scaffold. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 22:225-239. [PMID: 33222022 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering which is applied in regenerative medicine has three basic components: cells, scaffolds and growth factors. This multidisciplinary field can regulate cell behaviors in different conditions using scaffolds and growth factors. Scaffolds perform this regulation with their structural, mechanical, functional and bioinductive properties and growth factors by attaching to and activating their receptors in cells. There are various types of biological extracellular matrix (ECM) and polymeric scaffolds in tissue engineering. Recently, many researchers have turned to using biological ECM rather than polymeric scaffolds because of its safety and growth factors. Therefore, selection the right scaffold with the best properties tailored to clinical use is an ideal way to regulate cell behaviors in order to repair or improve damaged tissue functions in regenerative medicine. In this review we first divided properties of biological scaffold into intrinsic and extrinsic elements and then explain the components of each element. Finally, the types of scaffold storage methods and their advantages and disadvantages are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Kheirjou
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33363879, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Ferdowsi Khosroshahi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33363879, Tabriz, Iran.
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12
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Effect of PDGF-B Gene-Activated Acellular Matrix and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on Full Thickness Skin Burn Wound in Rat Model. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 18:235-251. [PMID: 33145744 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Full thickness burn wounds are lack of angiogenesis, cell migration, epithelialisation and finally scar tissue formation. Tissue engineered composite graft can provide sustained release of growth factor and promote the wound healing by cell migration, early angiogenesis and proliferation of extracellular matrix and wound remodeling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gene embedded (pDNA-platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF-B) porcine acellular urinary bladder matrix with transfected mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSC) on healing of full thickness burn wound in rat model. METHODS Full thickness burn wound of 2 × 2 cm size was created in dorsum of rat model under general anesthesia. Burn wounds were treated with silver sulfadiazine; porcine acellular urinary bladder matrix (PAUBM); PAUBM transfected with pDNA-PDGF-B; PAUBM seeded with rBMSC; PAUBM seeded with rBMSC transfected with pDNA-PDGF-B in groups A, B, C, D and E respectively. The wound healing was assessed based on clinical, macroscopically, immunologically, histopathological and RT-qPCR parameters. RESULTS Wound was significantly healed in group E and group D with early extracellular matrix deposition, enhanced granulation tissue formation and early angiogenesis compared to all other groups. The immunologic response against porcine acellular matrix showed that PDGF-B gene activated matrix along with stem cell group showed less antibody titer against acellular matrix than other groups in all intervals. PDGF gene activated matrix releasing the PDGF-B and promote the healing of full thickness burn wound with neovascularization and neo tissue formation. PDGF gene also enhances secretion of other growth factors results in PDGF mediated regenerative activities. This was confirmed in RT-qPCR at various time intervals. CONCLUSION Gene activated matrix encoded for PDGF-B protein transfected stem cells have been clinically proven for early acceleration of angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in burn wounds in rat models. Evaluation of PDGF-B gene-activated acellular matrix and mesenchymal stem cell in full thickness skin burn wound in rat.
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13
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Kim BS, Das S, Jang J, Cho DW. Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-based Bioinks for Engineering Tissue- and Organ-specific Microenvironments. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10608-10661. [PMID: 32786425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials-based biofabrication methods have gained much attention in recent years. Among them, 3D cell printing is a pioneering technology to facilitate the recapitulation of unique features of complex human tissues and organs with high process flexibility and versatility. Bioinks, combinations of printable hydrogel and cells, can be utilized to create 3D cell-printed constructs. The bioactive cues of bioinks directly trigger cells to induce tissue morphogenesis. Among the various printable hydrogels, the tissue- and organ-specific decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) can exert synergistic effects in supporting various cells at any component by facilitating specific physiological properties. In this review, we aim to discuss a new paradigm of dECM-based bioinks able to recapitulate the inherent microenvironmental niche in 3D cell-printed constructs. This review can serve as a toolbox for biomedical engineers who want to understand the beneficial characteristics of the dECM-based bioinks and a basic set of fundamental criteria for printing functional human tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Soo Kim
- Future IT Innovation Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu,, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanskrita Das
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinah Jang
- Future IT Innovation Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu,, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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14
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Hernandez MJ, Zelus EI, Spang MT, Braden RL, Christman KL. Dose optimization of decellularized skeletal muscle extracellular matrix hydrogels for improving perfusion and subsequent validation in an aged hindlimb ischemia model. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3511-3521. [PMID: 32432574 PMCID: PMC7375022 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01963d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects more than 27 million individuals in North America and Europe, and current treatment strategies mainly aim to restore blood perfusion. However, many patients are ineligible for existing procedures, and these therapies are often ineffective. Previous studies have demonstrated success of an injectable decellularized skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel in a young rat hindlimb ischemia model of PAD, but further pre-clinical studies are necessary prior to clinical translation. In this study, varying concentrations of a skeletal muscle ECM hydrogel were investigated for material properties and in vivo effects on restoring blood perfusion. Rheological measurements indicated an increase in viscosity and mechanical strength with the higher concentrations of the ECM hydrogels. When injecting dye-labelled ECM hydrogels into a healthy rat, differences were also observed for the spreading and degradation rate of the various concentrations. The three concentrations for the ECM hydrogel were then further examined in a young rat hindlimb ischemia model. The efficacy of the optimal ECM hydrogel concentration was then further confirmed in an aged mouse hindlimb ischemia model. These results further validate the use of decellularized skeletal muscle ECM hydrogels for improving blood perfusion in small animal models of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J Hernandez
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Dr., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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15
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吴 唯, 李 博, 刘 玉, 王 新. [Biodegradation properties of multi-laminated small intestinal submucosa]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2020; 52:564-569. [PMID: 32541993 PMCID: PMC7433422 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the biodegradation properties of multi-laminated small intestinal submucosa (mSIS) through in vitro and in vivo experiments, comparing with Bio-Gide, the most widely used collagen membrane in guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique, for the purpose of providing basis to investigate whether mSIS meets the requirements of GBR in dental clinics. METHODS The degradation properties were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro degradation was performed using prepared collagenase solution. Morphology of mSIS and Bio-Gide in degradation solution were observed and the degradation rate was calculated at different time points. In in vivo experiments, nine New Zealand rabbits were used for subcutaneous implantation and were divided into three groups according to observation intervals. Six unconnected subcutaneous pouches were made on the back of each animal and were embedded with mSIS and Bio-Gide respectively. At the end of weeks 4, 8, and 12 after operation, gross observation and HE staining were used to evaluate the degree of degradation and histocompatibility. RESULTS In vitro degradation experiments showed that mSIS membrane was completely degraded at the end of 12 days, while Bio-Gide was degraded at the end of 7 days. Besides, mSIS maintained its shape for longer time in the degradation solution than Bio-Gide, indicating that mSIS possessed longer degradation time, and had better ability to maintain space than Bio-Gide. In vivo biodegradation indicated that after 4 weeks of implantation, mSIS remained intact. Microscopic observation showed that collagen fibers were continuous with a few inflammatory cells that infiltrated around the membrane. Bio-Gide was basically intact and partially adhered with the surrounding tissues. HE staining showed that collagen fibers were partly fused with surrounding tissues with a small amount of inflammatory cells that infiltrated as well. Eight weeks after operation, mSIS was still intact, and was partly integrated with connective tissues, whereas Bio-Gide membrane was mostly broken and only a few residual fibers could be found under microscope. Only a small amount of mSIS debris could be observed 12 weeks after surgery, and Bio-Gide could hardly be found by naked eye and microscopic observation at the same time. CONCLUSION In vitro degradation time of mSIS is longer than that of Bio-Gide, and the space-maintenance ability of mSIS is better. The in vivo biodegradation time of subcutaneous implantation of mSIS is about 12 weeks and Bio-Gide is about 8 weeks, both of which possess good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- 唯伊 吴
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,修复科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100081Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 博文 李
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,修复科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100081Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 玉华 刘
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,修复科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100081Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 新知 王
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,修复科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100081Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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16
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Bi X, Li L, Mao Z, Liu B, Yang L, He W, Fan Y, Li X. The effects of silk layer-by-layer surface modification on the mechanical and structural retention of extracellular matrix scaffolds. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4026-4038. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00448k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The SF layer-by-layer surface functionalized SIS membrane exhibits tunable mechanical properties and degradation rate, satisfactory biocompatibility and good bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Bi
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Linhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Zhinan Mao
- International Research Center for Advanced Structural and Biomaterials
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Lingbing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Wei He
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
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17
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Liao J, Xu B, Zhang R, Fan Y, Xie H, Li X. Applications of decellularized materials in tissue engineering: advantages, drawbacks and current improvements, and future perspectives. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10023-10049. [PMID: 33053004 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01534b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized materials (DMs) are attracting more and more attention in tissue engineering because of their many unique advantages, and they could be further improved in some aspects through various means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Department of Research and Teaching
- the Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City
- Baoding 072350
- China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
| | - Huiqi Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
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18
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Abstract
Brain tissue lost after a stroke is not regenerated, although a repair response associated with neurogenesis does occur. A failure to regenerate functional brain tissue is not caused by the lack of available neural cells, but rather the absence of structural support to permit a repopulation of the lesion cavity. Inductive bioscaffolds can provide this support and promote the invasion of host cells into the tissue void. The putative mechanisms of bioscaffold degradation and its pivotal role to permit invasion of neural cells are reviewed and discussed in comparison to peripheral wound healing. Key differences between regenerating and non-regenerating tissues are contrasted in an evolutionary context, with a special focus on the neurogenic response as a conditio sine qua non for brain regeneration. The pivotal role of the immune system in biodegradation and the formation of a neovasculature are contextualized with regeneration of peripheral soft tissues. The application of rehabilitation to integrate newly forming brain tissue is suggested as necessary to develop functional tissue that can alleviate behavioral impairments. Pertinent aspects of brain tissue development are considered to provide guidance to produce a metabolically and functionally integrated de novo tissue. Although little is currently known about mechanisms involved in brain tissue regeneration, this review outlines the various components and their interplay to provide a framework for ongoing and future studies. It is envisaged that a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in brain tissue regeneration will improve the design of biomaterials and the methods used for implantation, as well as rehabilitation strategies that support the restoration of behavioral functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Modo
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Michel Modo,
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19
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Use of the extracellular matrix from the porcine esophagus as a graft for bladder enlargement. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:531-545. [PMID: 31542362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some patients with diseases that involve increased bladder pressure or low-capacity bladders may need bladder enlargement surgery. In current techniques for bladder enlargement, autologous tissue such as small intestine or colon tissue is used to perform cystoplasties, which is far from ideal for these patients. In search of biomaterials with appropriate regeneration and safety profiles, tissue engineering has resulted in preclinical studies with acellular matrices in animal models that have yielded positive preliminary results with respect to the urothelial cell and smooth muscle repopulation; these studies have primarily been performed with matrices originating from the bladder or intestinal submucosa. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess an extracellular matrix device derived from the porcine esophagus for augmentation cystoplasty in an animal model. STUDY DESIGN Seven male Wistar rats weighing 357-390 g were subjected to augmentation cystoplasty with a circular segment of the acellular matrix from the porcine esophagus. Daily postoperative follow-up was performed with evaluation of changes in body weight, behavior, and wound status. RESULTS During follow-up, there were no complications associated with the process. Three specimens were sacrificed at day 30, and three, at day 60. Necropsy was performed, with a description of the macroscopic findings and a morphological study. Epithelialization was observed, with different stages of mucosal development in all specimens analyzed. Repopulation of smooth muscle cells, mixed inflammatory infiltrate, and vascular neoformation were identified in the matrices. DISCUSSION The urothelium and fibers of the smooth muscle were observed inside the implanted matrix. Additional investigations in larger animal models that allow urodynamic evaluation of the bladder with the matrix implanted are needed. However, to compare the results of this study model with those reported in the literature, a matrix derived from an organ different from the bladder was used because it could prevent the use of an intestinal segment in augmentation cystoplasty. CONCLUSION The acellular porcine esophagus matrix offers positive results regarding the repopulation of the urothelium and smooth muscle when used in augmentation cystoplasty in a murine model.
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20
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Modo M, Badylak SF. A roadmap for promoting endogenous in situ tissue restoration using inductive bioscaffolds after acute brain injury. Brain Res Bull 2019; 150:136-149. [PMID: 31128250 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The regeneration of brain tissue remains one of the greatest unsolved challenges in medicine and by many is considered unfeasible. Indeed, the adult mammalian brain does not regenerate tissue, but there is ongoing endogenous neurogenesis, which is upregulated after injury and contributes to tissue repair. This endogenous repair response is a conditio sine que non for tissue regeneration. However, scarring around the lesion core and cavitation provide unfavorable conditions for tissue regeneration in the brain. Based on the success of using extracellular matrix (ECM)-based bioscaffolds in peripheral soft tissue regeneration, it is plausible that the provision of an inductive ECM-based hydrogel inside the volumetric tissue loss can attract neural cells and create a de novo viable tissue. Following perturbation theory of these successes in peripheral tissues, we here propose 9 perturbation parts (i.e. requirements) that can be solved independently to create an integrated series to build a functional and integrated de novo neural tissue. Necessities for tissue formation, anatomical and functional connectivity are further discussed to provide a new substrate to support the improvement of behavioral impairments after acute brain injury. We also consider potential parallel developments of this tissue engineering effort that can support therapeutic benefits in the absence of de novo tissue formation (e.g. structural support to veterate brain tissue). It is envisaged that eventually top-down inductive "natural" bioscaffolds composed of decellularized tissues (i.e. ECM) will be replaced by bottom-up synthetic designer hydrogels that will provide very defined structural and signaling properties, potentially even opening up opportunities we currently do not envisage using natural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Modo
- University of Pittsburgh, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Radiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- University of Pittsburgh, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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21
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Ghuman H, Mauney C, Donnelly J, Massensini AR, Badylak SF, Modo M. Biodegradation of ECM hydrogel promotes endogenous brain tissue restoration in a rat model of stroke. Acta Biomater 2018; 80:66-84. [PMID: 30232030 PMCID: PMC6217851 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The brain is considered to have a limited capacity to repair damaged tissue and no regenerative capacity following injury. Tissue lost after a stroke is therefore not spontaneously replaced. Extracellular matrix (ECM)-based hydrogels implanted into the stroke cavity can attract endogenous cells. These hydrogels can be formulated at different protein concentrations that govern their rheological and inductive properties. We evaluated histologically 0, 3, 4 and 8 mg/mL of porcine-derived urinary bladder matrix (UBM)-ECM hydrogel concentrations implanted in a 14-day old stroke cavity. Less concentrated hydrogels (3 and 4 mg/mL) were efficiently degraded with a 95% decrease in volume by 90 days, whereas only 32% of the more concentrated and stiffer hydrogel (8 mg/mL) was resorbed. Macrophage infiltration and density within the bioscaffold progressively increased in the less concentrated hydrogels and decreased in the 8 mg/mL hydrogels. The less concentrated hydrogels showed a robust invasion of endothelial cells with neovascularization. No neovascularization occurred with the stiffer hydrogel. Invasion of neural cells increased with time in all hydrogel concentrations. Differentiation of neural progenitors into mature neurons with axonal projections was evident, as well as a robust invasion of oligodendrocytes. However, relatively few astrocytes were present in the ECM hydrogel, although some were present in the newly forming tissue between degrading scaffold patches. Implantation of an ECM hydrogel partially induced neural tissue restoration, but a more complete understanding is required to evaluate its potential therapeutic application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Extracellular matrix hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in many peripheral soft tissues. However, the brain has generally been considered to lack the potential for tissue regeneration. We here demonstrate that tissue regeneration in the brain can be achieved using implantation of ECM hydrogel into a tissue cavity. A structure-function relationship is key to promote tissue regeneration in the brain. Specifically, weaker hydrogels that were retained in the cavity underwent an efficient biodegradation within 14 days post-implantation to promote a tissue restoration within the lesion cavity. In contrast, stiffer ECM hydrogel only underwent minor biodegradation and did not lead to a tissue restoration. Inductive hydrogels weaker than brain tissue provide the appropriate condition to promote an endogenous regenerative response that restores tissue in a cavity. This approach offers new avenues for the future treatment of chronic tissue damage caused by stroke and other acute brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanvir Ghuman
- University of Pittsburgh, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Andre R Massensini
- University of Pittsburgh, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- University of Pittsburgh, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michel Modo
- University of Pittsburgh, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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22
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Khorramirouz R, Go JL, Noble C, Jana S, Maxson E, Lerman A, Young MD. A novel surgical technique for a rat subcutaneous implantation of a tissue engineered scaffold. Acta Histochem 2018. [PMID: 29519681 PMCID: PMC5914524 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Subcutaneous implantations in small animal models are currently required for preclinical studies of acellular tissue to evaluate biocompatibility, including host recellularization and immunogenic reactivity. Methods Three rat subcutaneous implantation methods were evaluated in six Sprague Dawley rats. An acellular xenograft made from porcine pericardium was used as the tissue-scaffold. Three implantation methods were performed; 1) Suture method is where a tissue-scaffold was implanted by suturing its border to the external oblique muscle, 2) Control method is where a tissue-scaffold was implanted without any suturing or support, 3) Frame method is where a tissue-scaffold was attached to a circular frame composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) biomaterial and placed subcutaneously. After 1 and 4 weeks, tissue-scaffolds were explanted and evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson’s trichrome, Picrosirius Red, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunohistochemistry, and mechanical testing. Results Macroscopically, tissue-scaffold degradation with the suture method and tissue-scaffold folding with the control method were observed after 4 weeks. In comparison, the frame method demonstrated intact tissue scaffolds after 4 weeks. H&E staining showed progressive cell repopulation over the course of the experiment in all groups with acute and chronic inflammation observed in suture and control methods throughout the duration of the study. Immunohistochemistry quantification of CD3, CD 31, CD 34, CD 163, and αSMA showed a statistically significant differences between the suture, control and frame methods (P < 0.05) at both time points. The average tensile strength was 4.03 ± 0.49, 7.45 ± 0.49 and 5.72 ± 1.34 (MPa) after 1 week and 0.55 ± 0.26, 0.12 ± 0.03 and 0.41 ± 0.32 (MPa) after 4 weeks in the suture, control, and frame methods; respectively. TEM analysis showed an increase in inflammatory cells in both suture and control methods following implantation. Conclusion Rat subcutaneous implantation with the frame method was performed with success and ease. The surgical approach used for the frame technique was found to be the best methodology for in vivo evaluation of tissue engineered acellular scaffolds, where the frame method did not compromise mechanical strength, but it reduced inflammation significantly.
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Keane TJ, Horejs CM, Stevens MM. Scarring vs. functional healing: Matrix-based strategies to regulate tissue repair. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:407-419. [PMID: 29425770 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
All vertebrates possess mechanisms to restore damaged tissues with outcomes ranging from regeneration to scarring. Unfortunately, the mammalian response to tissue injury most often culminates in scar formation. Accounting for nearly 45% of deaths in the developed world, fibrosis is a process that stands diametrically opposed to functional tissue regeneration. Strategies to improve wound healing outcomes therefore require methods to limit fibrosis. Wound healing is guided by precise spatiotemporal deposition and remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM, comprising the non-cellular component of tissues, is a signalling depot that is differentially regulated in scarring and regenerative healing. This Review focuses on the importance of the native matrix components during mammalian wound healing alongside a comparison to scar-free healing and then presents an overview of matrix-based strategies that attempt to exploit the role of the ECM to improve wound healing outcomes.
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Ghuman H, Gerwig M, Nicholls FJ, Liu JR, Donnelly J, Badylak SF, Modo M. Long-term retention of ECM hydrogel after implantation into a sub-acute stroke cavity reduces lesion volume. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:50-63. [PMID: 28917705 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Salvaging or functional replacement of damaged tissue caused by stroke in the brain remains a major therapeutic challenge. In situ gelation and retention of a hydrogel bioscaffold composed of 8mg/mL extracellular matrix (ECM) can induce a robust invasion of cells within 24h and potentially promote a structural remodeling to replace lost tissue. Herein, we demonstrate a long-term retention of ECM hydrogel within the lesion cavity. A decrease of approximately 32% of ECM volume is observed over 12weeks. Lesion volume, as measured by magnetic resonance imaging and histology, was reduced by 28%, but a battery of behavioral tests (bilateral asymmetry test; footfault; rotameter) did not reveal a therapeutic or detrimental effect of the hydrogel. Glial scarring and peri-infarct astrocytosis were equivalent between untreated and treated animals, potentially indicating that permeation into host tissue is required to exert therapeutic effects. These results reveal a marked difference of biodegradation of ECM hydrogel in the stroke-damaged brain compared to peripheral soft tissue repair. Further exploration of these structure-function relationships is required to achieve a structural remodeling of the implanted hydrogel, as seen in peripheral tissues, to replace lost tissue and promote behavioral recovery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In situ gelation of ECM is essential for its retention within a tissue cavity. The brain is a unique environment with restricted access that necessitates image-guided delivery through a thin needle to access tissue cavities caused by stroke, as well as other conditions, such as traumatic brain injury or glioma resection. Knowledge about a brain tissue response to implanted hydrogels remains limited, especially in terms of long-term effects and potential impact on behavioral function. We here address the long-term retention of hydrogel within the brain environment, its impact on behavioral function, as well as its ability to reduce further tissue deformation caused by stroke. This study highlights considerable differences in the brain's long-term response to an ECM hydrogel compared to peripheral soft tissue. It underlines the importance of understanding the effect of the structural presence of a hydrogel within a cavity upon host brain tissue and behavioral function. As demonstrated herein, ECM hydrogel can fill a cavity long-term to reduce further progression of the cavity, while potentially serving as a reservoir for local drug or cell delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanvir Ghuman
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madeline Gerwig
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Francesca J Nicholls
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessie R Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Julia Donnelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michel Modo
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Burghartz M, Lennartz S, Schweinlin M, Hagen R, Kleinsasser N, Hackenberg S, Steußloff G, Scherzad A, Radeloff K, Ginzkey C, Walles H, Metzger M. Development of Human Salivary Gland-Like Tissue In Vitro. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:301-309. [PMID: 28783453 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of salivary gland function caused by radiation therapy of the head and neck is a serious condition and it affects a patient's quality of life. The current lack of effective therapies demands new options to be explored. This study tested whether human salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) could be successfully cultured on a decellularized porcine gut matrix (SIS-muc) in both mono- and coculture with microvascular endothelial cells (mvECs). By performing immunofluorescence imaging, transmission as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and an amylase enzyme assay, it was investigated as to what extent the three-dimensional (3D)-cultured cells could maintain their molecular differentiation and the production of working α-amylase (α-AMY) compared with two-dimensional (2D) culture. In both 3D mono- and coculture, SGECs were successfully cultured and formed acinar-like structures. Those findings were confirmed by SEM imaging. Immunofluorescence imaging revealed that 3D-cultured cells expressed α-AMY, Claudin-1 (CL-1), and water channel protein aquaporin-5 (AQP-5). Two-dimensional-cultured cells only were positive for α-AMY. Real time (RT)-qPCR analysis showed that α-AMY relative gene expression was higher in both 3D mono- and coculture than in 2D culture. In α-AMY enzyme assay, cocultured SGECs showed about 25 times increased enzyme activity compared with 2D-cultured cells. In conclusion, the SIS-muc combined with endothelial coculture seems a suitable culture setting for the tissue engineering of functional human salivary gland tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Burghartz
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon Lennartz
- 2 Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Cologne , Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Schweinlin
- 3 Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Hagen
- 4 University Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Universitiy Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Kleinsasser
- 4 University Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Universitiy Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- 4 University Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Universitiy Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Steußloff
- 4 University Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Universitiy Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- 4 University Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Universitiy Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Radeloff
- 4 University Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Universitiy Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Ginzkey
- 5 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery "Otto-Körner", University Hospital Rostock , Rostock, Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- 3 Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marco Metzger
- 3 Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
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Kremer A, Ribitsch I, Reboredo J, Dürr J, Egerbacher M, Jenner F, Walles H. Three-Dimensional Coculture of Meniscal Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Collagen Type I Hydrogel on a Small Intestinal Matrix—A Pilot Study Toward Equine Meniscus Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:390-402. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Kremer
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Translational Center Wuerzburg ‘Regenerative therapies,’ Wuerzburg Branch of the Fraunhofer IGB, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Iris Ribitsch
- Vienna Equine Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jenny Reboredo
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Translational Center Wuerzburg ‘Regenerative therapies,’ Wuerzburg Branch of the Fraunhofer IGB, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Dürr
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Histology & Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Egerbacher
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Histology & Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florien Jenner
- Vienna Equine Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heike Walles
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Translational Center Wuerzburg ‘Regenerative therapies,’ Wuerzburg Branch of the Fraunhofer IGB, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Lankford L, Chen YJ, Saenz Z, Kumar P, Long C, Farmer D, Wang A. Manufacture and preparation of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for local tissue delivery. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:680-688. [PMID: 28438482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we describe the development of a Current Good Manufacturing Practice (CGMP)-compliant process to isolate, expand and bank placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (PMSCs) for use as stem cell therapy. We characterize the viability, proliferation and neuroprotective secretory profile of PMSCs seeded on clinical-grade porcine small intestine submucosa extracellular matrix (SIS-ECM; Cook Biotech). METHODS PMSCs were isolated from early gestation placenta chorionic villus tissue via explant culture. Cells were expanded, banked and screened. Purity and expression of markers of pluripotency were determined using flow cytometry. Optimal loading density and viability of PMSCs on SIS-ECM were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) cell proliferation and fluorescent live/dead assays, respectively. Growth factors secretion was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). RESULTS PMSCs were rapidly expanded and banked. Viable Master and Working Cell Banks were stable with minimal decrease in viability at 6 months. All PMSCs were sterile, free from Mycoplasma species, karyotypically normal and had low endotoxin levels. PMSCs were homogeneous by immunophenotyping and expressed little to no pluripotency markers. Optimal loading density on SIS-ECM was 3-5 × 105 cells/cm2, and seeded cells were >95% viable. Neurotrophic factor secretion was detectable from PMSCs seeded on plastic and SIS-ECM with variability between donor lots. DISCUSSION PMSCs from early gestation placental tissues can be rapidly expanded and banked in stable, viable cell banks that are free from contaminating agents, genetically normal and pure. PMSC delivery can be accomplished by using SIS-ECM, which maintains cell viability and protein secretion. Future work in vivo is necessary to optimize cell seeding and transplantation to maximize therapeutic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Lankford
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Y Julia Chen
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Zoe Saenz
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Priyadarsini Kumar
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Connor Long
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Diana Farmer
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.
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He SK, Guo JH, Wang ZL, Zhang Y, Tu YH, Wu SZ, Huang FG, Xie HQ. Efficacy and safety of small intestinal submucosa in dural defect repair in a canine model. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 73:267-274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lee E, Milan A, Urbani L, De Coppi P, Lowdell MW. Decellularized material as scaffolds for tissue engineering studies in long gap esophageal atresia. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:573-584. [PMID: 28303723 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1308482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Esophageal atresia refers to an anomaly in foetal development in which the esophagus terminates in a blind end. Whilst surgical correction is achievable in most patients, when a long gap is present it still represents a major challenge associated with higher morbidity and mortality. In this context, tissue engineering could represent a successful alternative to restore oesophageal function and structure. Naturally derived biomaterials made of decellularized tissues retain native extracellular matrix architecture and composition, providing a suitable bed for the anchorage and growth of relevant cell types. Areas covered: This review outlines the various strategies and challenges in esophageal tissue engineering, highlighting the evolution of ideas in the development of decellularized scaffolds for clinical use. It explores the interplay between clinical needs, ethical dilemmas, and manufacturing challenges in the development of a tissue engineered decellularized scaffold for oesophageal atresia. Expert opinion: Current progress on oesophageal tissue engineering has enabled effective repair of patch defects, whilst the development of a full circumferential construct remains a challenge. Despite the different approaches available and the improvements achieved, a gold standard for fully functional tissue engineered oesophageal constructs has not been defined yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmond Lee
- a Centre for Cell, Gene & Tissue Therapeutics , Royal Free Hospital , London , UK.,b Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA.,c Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) , Singapore
| | - Anna Milan
- d Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section , UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , London , UK
| | - Luca Urbani
- d Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section , UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , London , UK
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- d Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section , UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , London , UK
| | - Mark W Lowdell
- a Centre for Cell, Gene & Tissue Therapeutics , Royal Free Hospital , London , UK
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Morris AH, Stamer DK, Kyriakides TR. The host response to naturally-derived extracellular matrix biomaterials. Semin Immunol 2017; 29:72-91. [PMID: 28274693 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials based on natural materials including decellularized tissues and tissue-derived hydrogels are becoming more widely used for clinical applications. Because of their native composition and structure, these biomaterials induce a distinct form of the foreign body response that differs from that of non-native biomaterials. Differences include direct interactions with cells via preserved moieties as well as the ability to undergo remodeling. Moreover, these biomaterials could elicit adaptive immune responses due to the presence of modified native molecules. Therefore, these biomaterials present unique challenges in terms of understanding the progression of the foreign body response. This review covers this response to natural materials including natural polymers, decellularized tissues, cell-derived matrix, tissue derived hydrogels, and biohybrid materials. With the expansion of the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, the current repertoire of biomaterials has also expanded and requires continuous investigation of the responses they elicit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H Morris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - D K Stamer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - T R Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
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31
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Miller JR, Henn MC, Lancaster TS, Lawrance CP, Schuessler RB, Shepard M, Anderson M, Kovacs A, Matheny RG, Eghtesady P, Damiano RJ, Boston US. Pulmonary Valve Replacement With Small Intestine Submucosa-Extracellular Matrix in a Porcine Model. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2017; 7:475-83. [PMID: 27358303 DOI: 10.1177/2150135116651113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prosthetic materials available for pediatric pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) lack growth potential, inevitably leading to a size mismatch. Small intestine submucosa-derived extracellular matrix (SIS-ECM) has been suggested to possess regenerative properties. We aimed to investigate its function and potential to increase in size as a PVR in a piglet. METHODS An SIS-ECM trileaflet valved conduit was designed. Hanford minipigs, n = 6 (10-34 kg), underwent PVR with an intended survival of six months, with monthly echocardiograms evaluating valve size and function. The conduit was excised for histologic analysis. RESULTS Of the six, one was sacrificed at three months for midterm analysis, and one at month 3 due to endocarditis. The remaining four constituted the study cohort. The piglet weight increased by 186% (19.56 ± 10.22 kg to 56.00 ± 7.87 kg). Conduit size increased by 30% (1.42 ± 0.14 cm to 1.84 ± 0.14 cm; P < .01). The native right ventricular outflow tract increased by 43% and the native pulmonary artery by 84%, resulting in a peak gradient increase from 10.08 ± 2.47 mm Hg to 36.25 ± 18.80 mm Hg (P = .03). Additionally, all valves developed at least moderate regurgitation. Conduit histology showed advanced remodeling with myofibroblast infiltration, neovascularization, and endothelialization. The leaflets remodeled beginning at the base with the leaflet edge being less cellular. In addition to the known endocarditis, bacterial colonies were discovered within a leaflet in another. CONCLUSIONS The SIS-ECM valved conduit implanted into a piglet demonstrated cellular infiltration with vascular remodeling and an increase in diameter. Conduit stenosis was a result of slower rates of size increase than native tissue. Suboptimal leaflet performance requires design modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Miller
- Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew C Henn
- Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy S Lancaster
- Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher P Lawrance
- Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard B Schuessler
- Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark Shepard
- Section of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark Anderson
- Section of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Attila Kovacs
- Section of Cardiology, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Pirooz Eghtesady
- Section of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ralph J Damiano
- Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Umar S Boston
- Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, LeBonheur Children's Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Xing Q, Qian Z, Jia W, Ghosh A, Tahtinen M, Zhao F. Natural Extracellular Matrix for Cellular and Tissue Biomanufacturing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:1462-1476. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xing
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Zichen Qian
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Wenkai Jia
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Avik Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Mitchell Tahtinen
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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Costa A, Naranjo JD, Turner NJ, Swinehart IT, Kolich BD, Shaffiey SA, Londono R, Keane TJ, Reing JE, Johnson SA, Badylak SF. Mechanical strength vs. degradation of a biologically-derived surgical mesh over time in a rodent full thickness abdominal wall defect. Biomaterials 2016; 108:81-90. [PMID: 27619242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of synthetic surgical mesh materials has been shown to decrease the incidence of hernia recurrence, but can be associated with undesirable effects such as infection, chronic discomfort, and adhesion to viscera. Surgical meshes composed of extracellular matrix (i.e., biologically-derived mesh) are an alternative to synthetic meshes and can reduce some of these undesirable effects but are less frequently used due to greater cost and perceived inadequate strength as the mesh material degrades and is replaced by host tissue. The present study assessed the temporal association between mechanical properties and degradation of biologic mesh composed of urinary bladder matrix (UBM) in a rodent model of full thickness abdominal wall defect. Mesh degradation was evaluated for non-chemically crosslinked scaffolds with the use of (14)C-radiolabeled UBM. UBM biologic mesh was 50% degraded by 26 days and was completely degraded by 90 days. The mechanical properties of the UBM biologic mesh showed a rapid initial decrease in strength and modulus that was not proportionately associated with its degradation as measured by (14)C. The loss of strength and modulus was followed by a gradual increase in these values that was associated with the deposition of new, host derived connective tissue. The strength and modulus values were comparable to or greater than those of the native abdominal wall at all time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Costa
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J D Naranjo
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - N J Turner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - I T Swinehart
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B D Kolich
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S A Shaffiey
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Londono
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - T J Keane
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J E Reing
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S A Johnson
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Hussein KH, Park KM, Kang KS, Woo HM. Biocompatibility evaluation of tissue-engineered decellularized scaffolds for biomedical application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 67:766-778. [PMID: 27287176 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials based on seeding of cells on decellularized scaffolds have gained increasing interest in the last few years and suggested to serve as an alternative approach to bioengineer artificial organs and tissues for transplantation. The reaction of the host toward the decellularized scaffold and transplanted cells depends on the biocompatibility of the construct. Before proceeding to the clinical application step of decellularized scaffolds, it is greatly important to apply a number of biocompatibility tests in vitro and in vivo. This review describes the different methodology involved in cytotoxicity, pathogenicity, immunogenicity and biodegradability testing for evaluating the biocompatibility of various decellularized matrices obtained from human or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Hany Hussein
- Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea; Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Mee Park
- Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea; Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Institue of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Heung-Myong Woo
- Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea; Institue of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA 02115, USA.
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Hernández Martinez VM, Garcia Benavides L, Totsuka Sutto SE, Cardona Muñoz EG, Campos Bayardo TI, Pascoe Gonzalez S. Effectiveness of degradable and non-degradable implants to close large septal perforations in an experimental model. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2016; 50:222-6. [PMID: 26982891 DOI: 10.3109/2000656x.2016.1152973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Reparation of large nasal septum perforations continues to be challenging. Bipedicled mucoperichondrial and inter-positional grafts currently show the most promising results. New implants have emerged to be used as a support membrane to carry on the mucosal cells, taking advantage of the innate proliferative properties of the mucosal tissue. Objective To compare the effectiveness of two kinds of material; non-absorbable dimethylsiloxane (silicone elastomers) and absorbable porcine small intestinal submucosa (Surgisis), both used as an inter-positional graft without neighbouring flaps to close nasal septal perforations in an experimental model. Methods Fifteen dogs were divided into three groups. One group received Surgisis, the other sheets of dimethylsiloxane and the last group a sham group. The dogs were followed for 6 weeks. Results The initial perforation of the nasal septum showed complete mucosal closure in the dimethylsiloxane group. The Surgisis group, on the other hand, had a smaller reduction than that at the beginning (final mean area = 23.0 ± 5.4 mm(2) (p < 0.05); however, complete closure was not achieved. Sham animals showed an inconstant and slight reduction in dimension from 100 mm(2) to 70 ± 16 mm(2) of mucosa and cartilage, but closure was not achieved. A significantly higher number of capillaries were observed in the Surgisis group compared to the dimethylsiloxane group (p < 0.05) without differences in inflammation, fibrosis, or necrosis. Conclusions The non-absorbable implant; dimethylsiloxane facilitates a better closure of the nasal septum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Hernández Martinez
- a Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS , Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara Jalisco , México
| | - Leonel Garcia Benavides
- a Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS , Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara Jalisco , México
| | - Sylvia E Totsuka Sutto
- a Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS , Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara Jalisco , México
| | - Ernesto G Cardona Muñoz
- a Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS , Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara Jalisco , México
| | - Tania Isabel Campos Bayardo
- a Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS , Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara Jalisco , México
| | - Sara Pascoe Gonzalez
- a Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS , Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara Jalisco , México
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Alberti KA, Xu Q. Biocompatibility and degradation of tendon-derived scaffolds. Regen Biomater 2016; 3:1-11. [PMID: 26816651 PMCID: PMC4723279 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbv023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix has often been used as a biomaterial for tissue engineering applications. Its function, once implanted can be crucial to determining whether a tissue engineered construct will be successful, both in terms of how the material breaks down, and how the body reacts to the material's presence in the first place. Collagen is one of the primary components of extracellular matrix and has been used for a number of biomedical applications. Scaffolds comprised of highly aligned collagen fibrils can be fabricated directly from decellularized tendon using a slicing, stacking, and rolling technique, to create two- and three-dimensional constructs. Here, the degradation characteristics of the material are evaluated in vitro, showing that chemical crosslinking can reduce degradation while maintaining fiber structure. In vivo, non-crosslinked and crosslinked samples are implanted, and their biological response and degradation evaluated through histological sectioning, trichrome staining, and immunohistochemical staining for macrophages. Non-crosslinked samples are rapidly degraded and lose fiber morphology while crosslinked samples retain both macroscopic structure as well as fiber orientation. The cellular response of both materials is also investigated. The in vivo response demonstrates that the decellularized tendon material is biocompatible, biodegradable and can be crosslinked to maintain surface features for extended periods of time in vivo. This study provides material characteristics for the use of decellularized tendon as biomaterial for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Alberti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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Swinehart IT, Badylak SF. Extracellular matrix bioscaffolds in tissue remodeling and morphogenesis. Dev Dyn 2016; 245:351-60. [PMID: 26699796 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During normal morphogenesis the extracellular matrix (ECM) influences cell motility, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Tissue engineers have attempted to harness the cell signaling potential of ECM to promote the functional reconstruction, if not regeneration, of injured or missing adult tissues that otherwise heal by the formation of scar tissue. ECM bioscaffolds, derived from decellularized tissues, have been used to promote the formation of site appropriate, functional tissues in many clinical applications including skeletal muscle, fibrocartilage, lower urinary tract, and esophageal reconstruction, among others. These scaffolds function by the release or exposure of growth factors and cryptic peptides, modulation of the immune response, and recruitment of progenitor cells. Herein, we describe this process of ECM induced constructive remodeling and examine similarities to normal tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilea T Swinehart
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Loneker AE, Faulk DM, Hussey GS, D'Amore A, Badylak SF. Solubilized liver extracellular matrix maintains primary rat hepatocyte phenotype in-vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:957-65. [PMID: 26704367 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Whole organ engineering and cell-based regenerative medicine approaches are being investigated as potential therapeutic options for end-stage liver failure. However, a major challenge of these strategies is the loss of hepatic specific function after hepatocytes are removed from their native microenvironment. The objective of the present study was to determine if solubilized liver extracellular matrix (ECM), when used as a media supplement, can better maintain hepatocyte phenotype compared to type I collagen alone or solubilized ECM harvested from a non-liver tissue source. Liver extracellular matrix (LECM) from four different species was isolated via liver tissue decellularization, solubilized, and then used as a media supplement for primary rat hepatocytes (PRH). The four species of LECM investigated were human, porcine, canine and rat. Cell morphology, albumin secretion, and ammonia metabolism were used to assess maintenance of hepatocyte phenotype. Biochemical and mechanical characterization of each LECM were also conducted. Results showed that PRH's supplemented with canine and porcine LECM maintained their phenotype to a greater extent compared to all other groups. PRH's supplemented with canine and porcine LECM showed increased bile production, increased albumin production, and the formation of multinucleate cells. The findings of the present study suggest that solubilized liver ECM can support in-vitro hepatocyte culture and should be considered for therapeutic and diagnostic techniques that utilize hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Loneker
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Denver M Faulk
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - George S Hussey
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Antonio D'Amore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,RiMED Foundation, Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Sicari BM, Londono R, Badylak SF. Strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering: seed vs. soil. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7881-7895. [PMID: 32262901 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01714a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The most commonly used tissue engineering approach includes the ex vivo combination of site-appropriate cell(s) and scaffold material(s) to create three-dimensional constructs for tissue replacement or reconstruction. These three-dimensional combinations are typically subjected to a period of culture and conditioning (i.e., self-assembly and maturation) to promote the development of ex vivo constructs which closely mimic native target tissue. This cell-based approach is challenged by the host response to the engineered tissue construct following surgical implantation. As an alternative to the cell-based approach, acellular biologic scaffolds attract endogenous cells and remodel into partially functional mimics of native tissue upon implantation. The present review examines cell-types (i.e., seed), scaffold materials (i.e., soil), and challenges associated with functional tissue engineering. Skeletal muscle is used as the target tissue prototype but the discussed principles will largely apply to most body systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Sicari
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 300, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15218, USA.
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Reprint of: Extracellular matrix as a biological scaffold material: Structure and function. Acta Biomater 2015; 23 Suppl:S17-26. [PMID: 26235342 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Biological scaffold materials derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of intact mammalian tissues have been successfully used in a variety of tissue engineering/regenerative medicine applications both in preclinical studies and in clinical applications. Although it is recognized that the materials have constructive remodeling properties, the mechanisms by which functional tissue restoration is achieved are not well understood. There is evidence to support essential roles for both the structural and functional characteristics of the biological scaffold materials. This paper provides an overview of the composition and structure of selected ECM scaffold materials, the effects of manufacturing methods upon the structural properties and resulting mechanical behavior of the scaffold materials, and the in vivo degradation and remodeling of ECM scaffolds with an emphasis on tissue function.
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Dearth CL, Keane TJ, Scott JR, Daly KA, Badylak SF. A Rodent Model to Evaluate the Tissue Response to a Biological Scaffold When Adjacent to a Synthetic Material. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:2526-35. [PMID: 26176992 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of biologic scaffold materials adjacent to synthetic meshes is commonplace. A prevalent clinical example is two-staged breast reconstruction, where biologic scaffolds are used to provide support and coverage for the inferior aspect of the synthetic expander. However, limited data exist regarding either the kinetics of biologic scaffold integration or the host tissue response to the biologic scaffold materials used for this application or other applications in which such scaffold materials are used. The present study evaluated the temporal host response to a biological scaffold when placed adjacent to a synthetic material. Evaluation criteria included quantification of material contracture and characterization of the host cell response and tissue remodeling events. Results show a decreased thickness of the collagenous tissue layer at biologic scaffold/silicone interface compared to the abdominal wall/silicone interface during the 12-week experimental time course. All test materials were readily incorporated into surrounding host tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Dearth
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Timothy J Keane
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey R Scott
- 5 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island.,6 C.R. Bard, Inc. (Davol) , Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kerry A Daly
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- 1 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Methods of tissue decellularization used for preparation of biologic scaffolds and in vivo relevance. Methods 2015; 84:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Abstract
There is an increasing worldwide shortage of organs and cells for transplantation in patients with end-stage organ failure or cellular dysfunction. This shortage could be resolved by the transplantation of organs or cells from pigs into humans. What competing approaches might provide support for the patient with end-stage organ or cell failure? Four main approaches are receiving increasing attention - (i) implantable mechanical devices, although these are currently limited almost entirely to devices aimed at supporting or replacing the heart, (ii) stem cell technology, at present directed mainly to replace absent or failing cells, but which is also fundamental to progress in (iii) tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, in which the ultimate aim is to replace an entire organ. A final novel potential approach is (iv) blastocyst complementation. These potential alternative approaches are briefly reviewed, and comments added on their current status and whether they are now (or will soon become) realistic alternative therapies to xenotransplantation.
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D'Eredità R. Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) myringoplasty in children: A randomized controlled study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:1085-9. [PMID: 25956867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A novel bioactive material for tissue graft, derived from porcine small intestinal mucosa (SIS) has been marketed. This material promotes early vessel growth, provides scaffolding for the remodeling tissues, and is inexpensive and ready-to-use. We evaluated efficacy, safety, and surgery time of SIS myringoplasty, in comparison with autologous temporalis fascia (PTF) repair in children in a prospective, two-group (SIS and PTF) randomized, blinded study at a tertiary-care pediatric institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS 404 children with tympanic membrane (TM) repair were randomly assigned to receive SIS or PTF myringoplasty. Primary outcome was the healing of the TM at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were surgical time, and adverse events. Long-term follow-up ranging from 11 to 2 years was obtained in all enrolled children. Audiometric tests as pure-tone thresholds were applied in all patients. The Fisher's exact test and the Kriskal-Wallis test were applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Four-hundred-thirty-two TM perforations were treated, 217 in the SIS and 215 in the PTF groups. There were 209 stable TM closures in the SIS (96.3%) and 204 (94.8%) in the PTF arm. This difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio=0.4, 95%; confidence interval=0.12-1.41). SIS myringoplasty yielded reduced surgical time. No adverse reaction to SIS was encountered. Audiometric tests revealed no statistically significant difference in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS SIS myringoplasty is a safe and effective method for TM closure in children with reduced surgical time, as compared to PTF.
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Chian KS, Leong MF, Kono K. Regenerative medicine for oesophageal reconstruction after cancer treatment. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:e84-92. [PMID: 25638684 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Removal of malignant tissue in patients with oesophageal cancer and replacement with autologous grafts from the stomach and colon can lead to problems. The need to reduce stenosis and anastomotic leakage after oesophagectomy is a high priority. Developments in tissue-engineering methods and cell-sheet technology have improved scaffold materials for oesophageal repair. Despite the many successful animal studies, few tissue-engineering approaches have progressed to clinical trials. In this Review, we discuss the status of oesophagus reconstruction after surgery. In particular, we highlight two clinical trials that used decellularised constructs and epithelial cell sheets to replace excised tissues after endoscopic submucosal dissection or mucosal resection procedures. Results from the trials showed that both decellularised grafts and epithelial-cell sheets prevented stenosis. By contrast, animal studies have shown that the use of tissue-engineered constructs after oesophagectomy remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerm Sin Chian
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Meng Fatt Leong
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery and Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Lam Van Ba O, Aharony S, Loutochin O, Corcos J. Bladder tissue engineering: a literature review. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 82-83:31-7. [PMID: 25446136 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In bladder cancer and neuro-bladder, reconstruction of the bladder requires bowel segment grafting for augmentation cystoplasty or neo-bladder creation. However, even if currently considered as the gold standard, it is associated with potentially severe short- and long-term adverse effects. Thus, bladder tissue engineering is a promising approach to bladder reconstruction. RECENT FINDINGS In the last few years, progress has been made with the development of new biomaterials for bladder tissue replacement and in deciphering the role of stem cells as well as their contribution to bladder scaffold integration and tissue regeneration. SUMMARY This review of recently published articles allows us to forecast the characteristics of efficient and safe bladder biomaterials. However, several factors, such as native bladder traits, the specific involvement of urine, and bladder tissue replacement indications, have to be assessed with caution before including bladder tissue engineering in clinical trials. Many authors agree that these challenging techniques could deliver significant benefits with clinical application, reducing morbidity and global long-term costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Lam Van Ba
- Department of Urology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shachar Aharony
- Department of Urology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Oleg Loutochin
- Department of Urology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques Corcos
- Department of Urology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Afaneh C, Abelson J, Schattner M, Janjigian YY, Ilson D, Yoon SS, Strong VE. Esophageal reinforcement with an extracellular scaffold during total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 22:1252-7. [PMID: 25319574 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-4125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophagojejunal (EJ) anastomotic leaks after total gastrectomy (TG) for malignancy lead to significant morbidity and mortality, thus affecting long-term survival. Preclinical and clinical trials have shown promise in utilizing degradable extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds in buttressing anastomoses. We describe our experience buttressing the EJ anastomosis after TG with a ECM scaffold. METHODS From February 2012 to January 2014, a total of 37 consecutive patients underwent TG buttressing of the EJ anastomosis with the degradable ECM scaffold composed of a porcine urinary bladder called MatriStem (ACell Inc.). The scaffold was circumferentially wrapped around the EJ anastomosis. The primary end point was the EJ leak rate, while the secondary end point was the EJ stricture rate. RESULTS The mean ± SD age and body mass index were 59 ± 16 years and 28.1 ± 4.9 kg/m(2), respectively. Most patients were male (51 %), white (78 %), and former smokers (51 %). Over half (59 %) underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A minimally invasive TG was performed in 70 % of patients. Signet ring was the most common tumor type (48 %), and most patients had midstage disease (59 %). The mean number of lymph nodes procured was 36 ± 16. Eighteen patients (49 %) experienced a complication, mostly minor. One patient (2.7 %) developed an EJ leak, while three patients (8 %) developed an EJ stricture. Median follow-up was 7 months (range 2-12 months). There was no operative or in-hospital mortality. DISCUSSION The use of urinary bladder matrix scaffolds may be helpful in decreasing the incidence of EJ anastomotic leak and/or stricture. A prospective phase II trial at our institution is currently under way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheguevara Afaneh
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Biologic scaffolds for regenerative medicine: mechanisms of in vivo remodeling. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 43:577-92. [PMID: 25213186 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Successful regenerative medicine strategies for functional tissue reconstruction include the in situ placement of acellular materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM) or individual components of the ECM. The composition and ultrastructure of these materials vary depending on multiple factors including the tissue source and species from which the materials are harvested, the methods of manufacture, the efficiency of decellularization, post-processing modifications such as chemical cross-linking or solubilization, and the methods of terminal sterilization. Appropriately configured materials have the ability to modulate different stages of the healing response by inducing a shift from a process of inflammation and scar tissue formation to one of constructive remodeling and functional tissue restoration. The events that facilitate such a dramatic change during the biomaterial-host interaction are complex and necessarily involve both the immune system and mechanisms of stem cell recruitment, growth, and differentiation. The present manuscript reviews the composition of biologic scaffolds, the methods and recommendations for manufacture, the mechanisms of the biomaterial-host interaction, and the clinical application of this regenerative medicine approach.
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Tissue engineered scaffolds for an effective healing and regeneration: reviewing orthotopic studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:398069. [PMID: 25250319 PMCID: PMC4163448 DOI: 10.1155/2014/398069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is commonly stated that tissue engineering is the most promising approach to treat or replace failing tissues/organs. For this aim, a specific strategy should be planned including proper selection of biomaterials, fabrication techniques, cell lines, and signaling cues. A great effort has been pursued to develop suitable scaffolds for the restoration of a variety of tissues and a huge number of protocols ranging from in vitro to in vivo studies, the latter further differentiating into several procedures depending on the type of implantation (i.e., subcutaneous or orthotopic) and the model adopted (i.e., animal or human), have been developed. All together, the published reports demonstrate that the proposed tissue engineering approaches spread toward multiple directions. The critical review of this scenario might suggest, at the same time, that a limited number of studies gave a real improvement to the field, especially referring to in vivo investigations. In this regard, the present paper aims to review the results of in vivo tissue engineering experimentations, focusing on the role of the scaffold and its specificity with respect to the tissue to be regenerated, in order to verify whether an extracellular matrix-like device, as usually stated, could promote an expected positive outcome.
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Carey LE, Dearth CL, Johnson SA, Londono R, Medberry CJ, Daly KA, Badylak SF. In vivo degradation of 14C-labeled porcine dermis biologic scaffold. Biomaterials 2014; 35:8297-304. [PMID: 24997479 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Biologic scaffold materials are used for repair and reconstruction of injured or missing tissues. Such materials are often composed of allogeneic or xenogeneic extracellular matrix (ECM) manufactured by decellularization of source tissue, such as dermis. Dermal ECM (D-ECM) has been observed to degrade and remodel in vivo more slowly than other biologic scaffold materials, such as small intestinal submucosa (SIS-ECM). Histologic examination is a common method for evaluating material degradation, but it lacks sensitivity and is subject to observer bias. Utilization of (14)C-proline labeled ECM is a quantitative alternative for measuring degradation of ECM scaffolds. Using both methods, the amount of degradation of D-ECM and SIS-ECM was determined at 2, 4, and 24 weeks post-implantation in a rodent model. Results utilizing (14)C liquid scintillation counting (LSC) analysis showed distinct differences in degradation at the three time points. D-ECM material in situ stayed the same at 76% remaining from 2 to 4 weeks post-implantation, and then decreased to 44% remaining at 24 weeks. In the same time period, implanted SIS-ECM material decreased from 72% to 13% to 0%. Visual examination of device degradation by histology overestimated degradation at 2 weeks and underestimated device degradation at 24 weeks, compared to the (14)C method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E Carey
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Christopher L Dearth
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Scott A Johnson
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Ricardo Londono
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Christopher J Medberry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Kerry A Daly
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Agriculture, GPO Box 858, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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