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Skhoun H, El Fessikh M, El Alaoui Al Abdallaoui M, Khattab M, Belkhayat A, Chebihi ZT, Hassani A, Abilkassem R, Agadr A, Dakka N, El Baghdadi J. Cytogenetic abnormalities and TP53 and RAS gene profiles of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Morocco. Arch Pediatr 2024; 31:238-244. [PMID: 38679547 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent genetic abnormalities affecting pivotal signaling pathways are the hallmark of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The identification of these aberrations remains clinically important. Therefore, we sought to determine the cytogenetic profile and the mutational status of TP53 and RAS genes among Moroccan childhood cases of ALL. METHODS In total, 35 patients with childhood ALL were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis and treatment were established in the Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Center at the Children's Hospital of Rabat. Chromosome banding analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to detect genetic aberrations. Blood samples were screened for TP53 and RAS mutations using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Of the 35 cases, 30 were B-lineage ALL (85.7 %). Moreover, a male predominance was observed. Cytogenetic analysis revealed chromosomal anomalies in 27 cases (77.1 %). The most frequent aberrations were high hyperdiploidy and BCR/ABL rearrangement. Interestingly, we found the rare t(15;16) and the t(8;14), which are uncommon translocations in pediatric B-ALL. The mutational analysis revealed Pro72Arg (rs1042522:C > G) and Arg213Arg (rs1800372:A > G) in TP53. In correlation with cytogenetic data, rs1042522:C > G showed a significant association with the occurrence of chromosomal translocations (p = 0.04). However, no variant was detected in NRAS and KRAS genes. CONCLUSION Our findings emphasize the significance of detecting chromosomal abnormalities as relevant prognostic markers. We also suggest a low occurrence of genetic variants among Moroccan children with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Skhoun
- Genetics Unit, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | | | - Mohammed Khattab
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Center, Children's Hospital, Rabat, Morocco; Department of Pediatrics, Abulcasis International University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco; Centre of Childhood Care and Prevention, Cheikh Zaid International University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | | | - Amale Hassani
- Department of Pediatrics, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Abilkassem
- Department of Pediatrics, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Aomar Agadr
- Department of Pediatrics, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Dakka
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
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Chopra A, Soni S, Verma D, Kumar D, Dwivedi R, Vishwanathan A, Vishwakama G, Bakhshi S, Seth R, Gogia A, Kumar L, Kumar R. Prevalence of common fusion transcripts in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report of 304 cases. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2015; 11:293-8. [PMID: 26264145 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Information about fusion transcripts in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is used to risk-stratify patients, decide on the treatment and to detect minimal residual disease. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of common fusion transcripts BCR-ABL, TEL-AML1, MLL-AF4 and E2A-PBX1 for B-ALL and SIL-TAL1 for T-ALL as seen at a tertiary care center in India. METHODS Up to 304 new cases of ALL (271 B-ALL and 33 T-ALL) diagnosed on morphology, cytochemistry and immunophenotyping were studied. All were screened for the common fusion transcripts by RT-PCR. RESULTS Both our B- (218/271; 80.4%) and T-ALL (26/33; 78.8%) patients were largely children. In the B-ALL children, BCR-ABL was detected in 26/218 (11.9%), E2A-PBX1 in 13/218 (5.9%), TEL-AML1 in 16/218 (7.3%) and MLL-AF4 in 3/218 (1.4%) patients. Adult B-ALL cases had BCR-ABL in 15/53 (28.3%) and E2A-PBX in 2/53 (3.8%); however, no other fusion transcript was detected. SIL-TAL1 was found in four of 26 pediatric (15%) and zero of 7 adult T-ALL cases. CONCLUSION The higher incidence of BCR-ABL and lower incidence of TEL-AML1 in our ALL patients, both in children and adults as compared with the West, suggests that patients in India may be biologically different. This difference may explain at least in part the higher relapse rate and poorer outcome in our B-ALL cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Chopra
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushant Soni
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Verma
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
| | - Dev Kumar
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Dwivedi
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Rachna Seth
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Gogia
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajive Kumar
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, IRCH, New Delhi, India
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De Braekeleer M, De Braekeleer E, Douet-Guilbert N. Geographic/ethnic variability of chromosomal and molecular abnormalities in leukemia. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.1068123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Aydin C, Cetin Z, Manguoglu AE, Tayfun F, Clark OA, Kupesiz A, Akkaya B, Karauzum SB. Evaluation of ETV6/RUNX1 Fusion and Additional Abnormalities Involving ETV6 and/or RUNX1 Genes Using FISH Technique in Patients with Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2015; 32:154-61. [PMID: 27065576 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-015-0557-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood leukemia. Specifically, ALL is a malignant disorder of the lymphoid progenitor cells, with a peak incidence among children aged 2-5 years. The t(12;21)(p13;q22) translocation occurs in 25 % of childhood B cell precursor ALL. In this study, bone marrow samples were obtained from 165 patients with childhood ALL. We analyzed the t(12;21) translocation and other related abnormalities using the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique with the ETV6(TEL)/RUNX1(AML1) ES dual color translocation probe. Conventional cytogenetic analyses were also performed. ETV6 and RUNX1 related chromosomal abnormalities were found in 42 (25.5 %) of the 165 patients with childhood ALL. Among these 42 patients, structural changes were detected in 33 (78.6 %) and numerical abnormalities in 9 (21.4 %). The frequency of FISH abnormalities in pediatric ALL cases were as follows: 8.5 % for t(12;21)(p13;q22) ETV6/RUNX1 fusion, 6.0 % for RUNX1 amplification, 3.0 % for tetrasomy/trisomy 21, 1.8 % for ETV6 deletion, 1.21 % for ETV6 deletion with RUNX1 amplification, 1.21 % for ETV6 amplification with RUNX1 amplification, 0.6 % for polyploidy, 0.6 % for RUNX1 deletion, and 0.6 % for diminished ETV6 signal. The most common structural abnormality was the t(12;21) translocation, followed by RUNX1 amplification and ETV6 deletion, while the most commonly observed numerical abnormality was trisomy 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Aydin
- Department of Nursing, Bucak School of Health, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Zafer Cetin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ayse Esra Manguoglu
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Funda Tayfun
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozden Altiok Clark
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Alphan Kupesiz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Bahar Akkaya
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sibel Berker Karauzum
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Mazloumi SHM, Madhumathi DS, Appaji L, Prasannakumari. Combined study of cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in a tertiary cancer centre in South India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:3825-7. [PMID: 23098478 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.8.3825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
FISH is one of the most sensitive molecular methods to detect genetic abnormalities with DNA probes. When cytogenetic studies are normal or insufficient, FISH may detect cryptic rearrangements, rare or slowly proliferative abnormal populations in non-mitotic cells. We cytogenetically evaluated 70 childhood ALL - 67.1% were found to have an abnormal karyotype. The 23 patients (32.9%) with a normal karyotype were analyzed by FISH applying two probes; TEL/AML1 and MYB which detect cryptic rearrangements of t(12;21)(p13;q22) and deletion of (6q) respectively, associated with a good prognosis. Out of 23 patients, one was positive for t(12;21)(p13;q22) (4.3%). None of our patients were positive for MYB del(6q). Two patients showed an extra signal for MYB on chromosomes other than 6 (8.6 %) indicating amplification or duplication. Findings were compared with the available literature. Our study clearly indicated the integrated FISH screening method to increase the abnormality detection rate in a narrow range. FISH is less useful for diagnostic study of patients with suspected del(6q) but it helps in detecting known cryptic rearrangements as well as identification of new abnormalities(translocation , duplication and amplification) at the gene level.
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De Braekeleer E, Douet-Guilbert N, Morel F, Le Bris MJ, Basinko A, De Braekeleer M. ETV6 fusion genes in hematological malignancies: a review. Leuk Res 2012; 36:945-61. [PMID: 22578774 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Translocations involving band 12p13 are one of the most commonly observed chromosomal abnormalities in human leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Their frequently result in rearrangements of the ETV6 gene. At present, 48 chromosomal bands have been identified to be involved in ETV6 translocations, insertions or inversions and 30 ETV6 partner genes have been molecularly characterized. The ETV6 protein contains two major domains, the HLH (helix-loop-helix) domain, encoded by exons 3 and 4, and the ETS domain, encoded by exons 6 through 8, with in between the internal domain encoded by exon 5. ETV6 is a strong transcriptional repressor, acting through its HLH and internal domains. Five potential mechanisms of ETV6-mediated leukemogenesis have been identified: constitutive activation of the kinase activity of the partner protein, modification of the original functions of a transcription factor, loss of function of the fusion gene, affecting ETV6 and the partner gene, activation of a proto-oncogene in the vicinity of a chromosomal translocation and dominant negative effect of the fusion protein over transcriptional repression mediated by wild-type ETV6. It is likely that ETV6 is frequently involved in leukemogenesis because of the large number of partners with which it can rearrange and the several pathogenic mechanisms by which it can lead to cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne De Braekeleer
- Laboratoire d'Histologie, Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Université de Brest, Brest, France
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Bhatia P, Binota J, Varma N, Bansal D, Trehan A, Marwaha RK, Malhotra P, Varma S. Incidence of common chimeric fusion transcripts in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an Indian perspective. Acta Haematol 2012; 128:17-9. [PMID: 22572394 DOI: 10.1159/000338260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Bhatia
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Ko DH, Jeon Y, Kang HJ, Park KD, Shin HY, Kim HK, Cho HI, Ahn HS, Lee DS. Native ETV6 deletions accompanied by ETV6-RUNX1 rearrangements are associated with a favourable prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a candidate for prognostic marker. Br J Haematol 2011; 155:530-3. [PMID: 21569007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
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Liang DC, Shih LY, Yang CP, Hung IJ, Liu HC, Jaing TH, Yeh TC, Liang ST, Chang CL, Lee EH, Lai CL, Chang WH. Frequencies of ETV6-RUNX1 fusion and hyperdiploidy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia are lower in far east than west. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 55:430-3. [PMID: 20658612 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.22628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both ETV6-RUNX1 (TEL-AML1) fusion and hyperdiploidy (>50 chromosomes) in transformed lymphoblasts are favorable genetic features in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). PROCEDURE Among 433 Taiwanese children with ALL diagnosed at our hospitals between 1997 and 2007, the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion was found in 15.8%, and hyperdiploidy (>50 chromosomes) in 14.1% of the patients. These frequencies were lower than those reported in the West, leading us to conduct a meta-analysis of ETV6-RUNX1 fusion and hyperdiploidy frequencies in childhood ALL based on published reports. RESULTS The frequency of ETV6-RUNX1 fusion in the Far East (Japan, Korea, China, Hong Kong, Chinese in Singapore, and Taiwan) was 13.4% (177/1,321, range: 9-23%, median 13%), significantly lower than the 22.8% (1,664/7,291, range: 19-26%, median 23%) in the West (West Europe and the United States) (P < 0.001, odds ratio = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.7-2.4). Similarly, the frequency of hyperdiploidy in Japan and Taiwan was 14.3% (333/2,334, range: 12-20%, median 16%), significantly lower than the 25.2% in the West (5,173/20,510, range: 18-34%, median 23.5%; P < 0.001, odds ratio = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.8-2.3). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrates lower frequencies of ETV6-RUNX1 fusion and hyperdiploidy among leukemia patients in the Far East compared with the West. The integral relationship of these genetic features with a favorable outcome in childhood ALL warrants further study of potentially important epidemiologic factors, including placental exposure to leukemogenic agents, and host pharmacogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Der-Cherng Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Katsibardi K, Moschovi MA, Braoudaki M, Papadhimitriou SI, Papathanasiou C, Tzortzatou-Stathopoulou F. Sequential monitoring of minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: 7-year experience in a pediatric hematology/oncology unit. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 51:846-52. [PMID: 20350276 DOI: 10.3109/10428191003682734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chung HY, Kim KH, Jun KR, Jang S, Park CJ, Chi HS, Im HJ, Seo JJ, Seo EJ. [Prognostic significance of TEL/AML1 rearrangement and its additional genetic changes in Korean childhood precursor B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. Ann Lab Med 2010; 30:1-8. [PMID: 20197715 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2010.30.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Revised: 11/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TEL (ETV6)/AML1 (RUNX1) rearrangement is observed in approximately 20-25% of childhood precursor B-ALL and is associated with a favorable outcome. Additional genetic changes, associated with TEL/AML1, are frequently found. We evaluated the prevalence and prognostic significance of TEL/AML1 rearrangement and additional genetic changes in the TEL and AML1 genes in Korean childhood precursor B-ALL. METHODS We performed FISH using LSITEL/AML1 ES probe (Vysis, USA) in 123 children diagnosed as having precursor B-ALL and assessed clinical relevance of the TEL/AML1 rearrangement and additional genetic abnormalities. RESULTS The frequency of TEL/AML1 was 17.1% (21/123) in patients with precursor B-ALL. TEL/ AML1-positive group showed male predominance (P=0.012) and younger age of onset than TEL/ AML1-negative group by 1.6 yr (P=0.013). The outcome of TEL/AML1-positive group tended to show lower incidences of relapse (1/21 vs 20/102), death (1/21 vs 17/102) and longer event free survival. Among TEL/AML1-positive patients, unrearranged TEL deletion, AML1 gain, and unrearranged TEL deletion combined with AML1 gain were detected in 61.9%, 23.8%, and 9.5%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the clinical features and outcome according to the presence or absence of additional genetic changes. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of TEL/AML1 and additional genetic changes in TEL and AML1 is higher than previous studies in Korean children, and in close agreement with usually reported one, 20-25%. TEL/AML1-positive group showed a tendency toward better prognosis. Further study is needed to clarify the prognostic significance of additional changes in TEL and AML1 based on a large sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Young Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon YJ, Lee JW, Kim MS, Jang PS, Chung NG, Jeong DC, Kim YG, Han KJ, Lee SJ, Cho B, Kim HK. Cytogenetic analysis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: experience at a single institution in Korea. Int J Hematol 2008; 89:150-158. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-008-0231-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pais AP, Amare Kadam PS, Raje GC, Banavali S, Parikh P, Kurkure P, Arora B, Gujral S, Kumar SA, Badrinath Y. RUNX1 aberrations in ETV6/RUNX1-positive and ETV6/RUNX1-negative patients: its hemato-pathological and prognostic significance in a large cohort (619 cases) of ALL. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2008; 25:582-97. [PMID: 18728978 DOI: 10.1080/08880010802237450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A large-cohort study (619) of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) revealed an ETV6/RUNX1 (previously known as TEL/AML1) incidence of 18% in pediatric B-cell precussor ALL, indicating no geographical heterogeinity. Association of CD34-negative phenotype, peak incidence in the 3- to 7-year age group, and a comparatively low frequency of ETV6 homologue loss in ETV6/RUNX1-positive cases were distinct findings in this series. Additional genetic changes, such as ETV6 loss, extra RUNX1, ETV6/RUNX1 duplication, and MLL aberrations in the ETV6/RUNX1-positive group, supported the hypothesis of the ETV6/RUNX1 leukemogenic model that these secondary changes are necessary for leukemogenesis rather than progression of disease. This study disclosed RUNX1 alterations in the ETV6/RUNX1-negative group of BCP-ALL that encourages the investigation of RUNX1 at a large scale with longer follow-up, which will focus on the prognostic importance and the underlying biology of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurita Peter Pais
- Cancer Cytogenetics Laboratory, Parel, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
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PAKAKASAMA S, KAJANACHUMPOL S, KANJANAPONGKUL S, SIRACHAINAN N, MEEKAEWKUNCHORN A, NINGSANOND V, HONGENG S. Simple multiplex RT-PCR for identifying common fusion transcripts in childhood acute leukemia. Int J Lab Hematol 2008; 30:286-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2007.00954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Pérez-Vera P, Montero-Ruiz O, Frías S, Ulloa-Avilés V, Cárdenas-Cardós R, Paredes-Aguilera R, Rivera-Luna R, Carnevale A. Detection of ETV6 and RUNX1 gene rearrangements using fluorescence in situ hybridization in Mexican patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: experience at a single institution. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2005; 162:140-5. [PMID: 16213362 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Revised: 03/07/2005] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The t(12;21) produces the gene fusion ETV6/RUNX1 and is a frequent rearrangement in childhood ALL, associated with a good prognosis. In Mexico its prevalence has not been reported. This study evaluated a group of consecutive Mexican children with newly diagnosed ALL, to detect the fusion using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Seventy-one bone marrow samples were analyzed with FISH, using ETV6/RUNX1 DNA probes. Abnormalities of ETV6, RUNX1, or both were found in 31 of the 71 (44%) patients. Six showed ETV6/RUNX1 fusion and 17, with extra RUNX1 copies, presented an additional chromosome 21 or dup(21)(q22). Five patients had structural changes in ETV6, and three patients showed extra copies of ETV6 and RUNX1 from polysomy of chromosomes 12 and 21. Our results revealed a fusion in 8.5% of the 71 cases analyzed. This frequency is lower than that observed in other populations (9.5-32%). The structural rearrangements resulting in RUNX1 extra copies were found in 9.8% of patients, which is close to the range reported (1.5-9.7%) by other authors. Due to the prevalence of RUNX1 overrepresentation in our population and its unknown prognostic significance, further studies should be conducted in consecutive children with ALL, to correlate this abnormality with the patients' follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pérez-Vera
- Department of Research in Human Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, México D.F. 04530, Mexico
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Lee DS, Kim YR, Cho HK, Lee CK, Lee JH, Cho HI. The presence of TEL/AML1 rearrangement and cryptic deletion of the TEL gene in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2005; 162:176-8. [PMID: 16213368 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2004] [Revised: 02/15/2005] [Accepted: 02/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
TEL/AML1 (also known as ETV6/RUNX1) rearrangement is the most frequent genetic change in childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is associated with a favorable prognosis. Its presence in adult ALL, however, has been questionable, and any association between TEL/AML1 rearrangement and clinical prognosis is unknown. To reveal the presence and incidence of the TEL/AML1 rearrangement in adult ALL, we applied fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We conducted extra-signal, dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (ES-FISH) for TEL/AML1 rearrangement on bone marrow cells from 74 adult ALL patients and analyzed the survival time. We demonstrated the TEL/AML1 rearrangement in 2 patients (2.7%) among 74 patients with ALL. Of 74 adult ALL patients, 3 (4.0%) showed deletion of the TEL gene without TEL/AML1 rearrangement. The mean survival time of patients with TEL/AML1+ALL and patients with cryptic TEL deletion was 33 and 5 months, respectively, whereas the mean survival time of 53 TEL/AML1-ALL patients was 16.7 months. TEL/AML1 rearrangement is not unique in childhood ALL, and cryptic TEL deletion without TEL/AML1 rearrangement was more frequent than the TEL/AML1 rearrangement in adult ALL. We recommend TEL/AML1 FISH in adult ALL patients because conventional cytogenetic studies so far have yielded uninformative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Soon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongun-dong, Chongro-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
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Woo HY, Kim DW, Park H, Seong KW, Koo HH, Kim SH. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of gene rearrangements in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Korean Med Sci 2005; 20:36-41. [PMID: 15716599 PMCID: PMC2808572 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2005.20.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to estimate the incidences of BCR/ABL, MLL, TEL/AML1 rearrangements, and p16 deletions in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), to identify new abnormalities, and to demonstrate the usefulness of interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We performed G-banding analysis and FISH using probes for BCR/ABL, MLL, TEL/AML1 rearrangements, and p16 deletions on 65 childhood ALL patients diagnosed and uniformly treated at a single hospital. Gene rearrangements were identified in 73.8% of the patients using the combination of G-banding and FISH, while the chromosomal abnormalities were identified in 49.2% using G-banding alone. Gene rearrangements were disclosed by FISH in 24 (72.7%) of 33 patients with normal karyotype or no mitotic cell in G-banding. Among the gene rearrangements detected by FISH, the most common gene rearrangement was p16 deletion (20.3%) and the incidences of others were 14.1% for TEL/AML1, 11.3% for MLL, and 1.8% for BCR/ABL translocations. Infrequent or new aberrations such as AML1 amplification, MLL deletion, ABL deletion, and TEL/AML1 fusion with AML1 deletion were also observed. We established the rough incidences of gene rearrangements in childhood ALL, found new abnormalities and demonstrated the diagnostic capability of interphase FISH to identify cryptic chromosome aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Yeon Woo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyosoon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Seong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Hoe Koo
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gill HK, Keoh TS, Dhaliwal JS, Moore S, Kim TS, Hassan R, Karim FA, Zakaria Z, Murad S, Mohamed M, Li Ho CM, Ibrahim H, Rahman EJA. TEL-AML1 frequency in multi-ethnic Malaysian pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 156:129-33. [PMID: 15642392 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2004] [Revised: 04/23/2004] [Accepted: 04/28/2004] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Eighty-eight multi-ethnic Malaysian pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients were screened for the TEL-AML1 rearrangement by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used as an independent screen for 30 cases and to confirm RT-PCR positive cases. Seventeen patients, or 19%, were found to be t(12;21) positive. Ethnically the group comprised 12 Malays, 4 Chinese, and 1 Indian. All patients, including 1 with an unusual blast cell morphology who suffered an early relapse and death, were characteristic TEL-AML1 cases in cell count, age, ALL subset classification, and fusion transcript expressed. This study shows that in Malaysia, TEL-AML1 is found in the same distinct ALL subset and at a similar frequency as in other diverse childhood ALL cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvindar Kaur Gill
- Allergy & Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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19
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Veiga LBA, Cóser VM, Cavalli LR, Cavalli IJ, Rodrigues JN, Pereira WV, Pereira DV, Lafayette TCS, Villalba BT, Moreira MES, Haddad BR, de Souza Fonseca Ribeiro EM. High frequency of t(12;21)(p13;q22) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and known clinical outcome in southern Brazil. Leuk Res 2004; 28:1033-8. [PMID: 15289014 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2004.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2003] [Accepted: 02/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The presence of the t(12;21)(p13;q22) distinguishes a subset of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that present a favorable prognosis. This is a cryptic translocation difficult to detect through conventional cytogenetics. In this study, bone marrow samples from 30 children with ALL from southern Brazil were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the t(12;21), using locus specific probes to detect the TEL/AML1 rearrangement. The selection criteria included: age (0-12 years old); FAB classification (L1 or L2), absence of specific clonal chromosomal aberrations; and adequate cellular integrity to perform FISH analysis. A frequency of 40% of the t(12;21) was observed, in addition to extra copies of the AML1 gene in 7.5% of patients. These findings were analyzed in relation to the patient's clinical parameters and compared with other pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loraine Beatriz Acosta Veiga
- Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Citogenética Humana, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politecnico, Jardim das Americas, Curitiba, PR 81531, Brazil
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20
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Zen PRG, Lima MC, Coser VM, Silla L, Daudt L, Fernandes MS, Neumann J, Mattevi MS, Ortigara R, Paskulin GA. Prevalence of TEL/AML1 fusion gene in Brazilian pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 151:68-72. [PMID: 15120912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2003.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2003] [Revised: 08/27/2003] [Accepted: 09/03/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We studied 58 childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in Brazilian sample patients at the time of diagnosis to investigate the prevalence of the cryptic t(12;21)(p13;q22). All bone marrow specimens were G-band karyotyped, and commercial dual-color DNA probes were used to search for fusion signals in nuclei. The karyotype analysis showed hyperdiploidy as the most frequent abnormality. The frequency of patients with TEL/AML1 gene fusion was 19% (11 out of 58 cases). Six of the positive samples had normal karyotypes. Deletion of the wild-type TEL allele was observed in 27.3% of TEL/AML1 fusion-positive cases, but it was also identified in 4.2% of the negative cases. Three cases presented two fusion signals, indicating possible duplication of the der(21). The mean age of the patients with TEL/AML1 fusion was 4.8 years and the mean amount of peripheral leukocytes was 44,270 x 10(6)/L. The higher frequency of females with B-ALL (33/58 cases) observed in our sample was probably due to the selection mode of the study cases. The prevalence of TEL/AML1 fusion in Brazilian children in our study is similar to that found in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R G Zen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre 91540-000, RS, Brazil
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21
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Tiensiwakul P. Cloning and sequencing of ETV6/RUNX1 (TEL/AML1) variant in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 149:85-8. [PMID: 15104290 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2003.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2003] [Revised: 07/04/2003] [Accepted: 07/17/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The most common gene fusion (up to 25%) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is that between ETV6 and RUNX1 (previously TEL and AML1, respectively; we here use the old nomenclature, for ease of reference to the literature). We determined the incidence of TEL/AML1 translocation with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow-cytometric immunophenotyping of newly diagnosed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients in Thailand. The TEL/AML1 fusion genes were cloned into plasmids and sequenced. The variant found was confirmed with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using SphI restriction endonuclease. Of 35 ALL patients, we found an incidence of 8.6% of TEL/AML1 translocation in ALL patients (12% of B-lineage ALL), which is lower than that reported in caucasians but is similar to that reported in Japanese and Koreans. All the translocation-positive patients had B-lineage common ALL, expressing CD10+. Interestingly, the two TEL/AML1 subclones were CD20 negative, and one subclone expressed a myelocytic marker (CD33+). Two TEL/AML1 subclones from bone marrow of ALL patients were isolated and sequenced. One was a wild type and the other was a variant having A --> G substitution at nucleotide 73 from the 5' end. The substitution nucleotide was located in the AML1 region. The clinical relevance of the variant is to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornthep Tiensiwakul
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Loh ML, Rubnitz JE. TEL/AML1-positive pediatric leukemia: prognostic significance and therapeutic approaches. Curr Opin Hematol 2002; 9:345-52. [PMID: 12042710 DOI: 10.1097/00062752-200207000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article presents the most recent insights into the biology, prognostic significance, and therapeutic approaches to TEL/AML1-positive leukemia. The TEL/AML1 fusion gene, also known as ETV6 /CBFA2, is the most commonly occurring gene rearrangement in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Considerable controversy exists over its prognostic significance with currently available therapies. Differences in outcome may be explained by the differing intensities of various chemotherapy regimens, individual host responses to chemotherapy, or the hypothesis that relapsed TEL/AML1-positive leukemia represents an outgrowth of a secondary leukemia that shares a common initiating event with the first. Incorporating knowledge of this gene rearrangement into treatment decisions serves as a paradigm for translating molecular discoveries into clinically meaningful data to direct patient care and improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mignon L Loh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0519, USA.
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