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Klasson KT, Qi Y, Bruni GO, Watson TT, Pancio BT, Terrell E. Recovery of Aconitic Acid from Sweet Sorghum Plant Extract Using a Solvent Mixture, and Its Potential Use as a Nematicide. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030724. [PMID: 36983879 PMCID: PMC10054008 DOI: 10.3390/life13030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-aconitic acid (TAA) is naturally present in sweet sorghum juice and syrup, and it has been promoted as a potential biocontrol agent for nematodes. Therefore, we developed a process for the extraction of aconitic acid from sweet sorghum syrup. The process economics were evaluated, and the extract was tested for its capability to suppress the motility of the nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Meloidogyne incognita. Aconitic acid could be efficiently extracted from sweet sorghum syrup using acetone:butanol:ethanol mixtures, and it could be recovered from this solvent with a sodium carbonate solution, with an overall extraction and recovery efficiency of 86%. The estimated production cost was USD 16.64/kg of extract and this was highly dependent on the solvent cost, as the solvent was not recycled but was resold for recovery at a fraction of the cost. The extract was effective in reducing the motility of the parasitic M. incognita and causing over 78% mortality of the nematode when 2 mg/mL of TAA extract was added. However, this positive result could not conclusively be linked solely to TAA. An unidentified component (or components) in the acetone:butanol:ethanol sweet sorghum extract appears to be an effective nematode inhibitor, and it may merit further investigation. The impact of aconitic acid on C. elegans appeared to be entirely controlled by pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Thomas Klasson
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Yunci Qi
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Gillian O Bruni
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Tristan T Watson
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Bretlyn T Pancio
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Program at USDA, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Evan Terrell
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
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Zhou Z, Luo Y, Peng S, Zhang Q, Li Z, Li H. Enhancement of Butanol Production in a Newly Selected Strain through Accelerating Phase Shift by Different Phases C/N Ratio Regulation from Puerariae Slag Hydrolysate. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Negative impact of butyric acid on butanol recovery by pervaporation with a silicalite-1 membrane from ABE fermentation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Wang P, Zhang J, Feng J, Wang S, Guo L, Wang Y, Lee YY, Taylor S, McDonald T, Wang Y. Enhancement of acid re-assimilation and biosolvent production in Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum through metabolic engineering for efficient biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 281:217-225. [PMID: 30822643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the clostridial acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation, the intermediate acetate and butyrate are re-assimilated for solvent production. Here, key genes in ABE pathways in Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 were overexpressed to enhance acid re-assimilation and solvent production. With the overexpression of sol operon, acid re-assimilation was enhanced, and ABE production was increased by 20%, with ethanol production increased by six times but almost no increase in butanol production. To further drive carbon flux for C4 metabolites and ultimate butanol production, key genes including hbd, thl, crt and bcd in butanol production pathway were further overexpressed. Compared to the control, butanol, acetone and total ABE production in the new strain was increased by 8%, 18%, and 12.4%, respectively. Finally, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was carried out using acetate-pretreated switchgrass. 15.4 g/L total ABE (with a yield of 0.31 g/g) was produced in both engineered strains, which was significantly higher than the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pixiang Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Shangjun Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yifen Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Center for Bioenergy and Bioproducts, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yoon Y Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Steven Taylor
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Center for Bioenergy and Bioproducts, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Timothy McDonald
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Center for Bioenergy and Bioproducts, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Martin-Calvo A, Van der Perre S, Claessens B, Calero S, Denayer JFM. Unravelling the influence of carbon dioxide on the adsorptive recovery of butanol from fermentation broth using ITQ-29 and ZIF-8. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9957-9964. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01034j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of CO2during the vapor phase adsorption of butanol from ABE fermentation at the head space of the fermenter has an important roll on the efficient recovery of biobutanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martin-Calvo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- 1050 – Brussels
- Belgium
| | - Stijn Van der Perre
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- 1050 – Brussels
- Belgium
| | - Benjamin Claessens
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- 1050 – Brussels
- Belgium
| | - Sofia Calero
- Department of Physical
- Chemical, and Natural Systems
- University Pablo de Olavide
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
| | - Joeri F. M. Denayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- 1050 – Brussels
- Belgium
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7
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Pomaranski E, Tiquia-Arashiro SM. Butanol tolerance of carboxydotrophic bacteria isolated from manure composts. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:1970-1982. [PMID: 26809187 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1137360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Carboxydotrophic bacteria (carboxydotrophs) have the ability to uptake carbon monoxide (CO) and synthesize butanol. The aims of this study were to determine the butanol tolerance and biological production of butanol carboxydotrophic strains. In this study, 11 carboxydotrophic strains were exposed to increasing n-butanol concentrations (1-3% vol/vol) to determine their effect on growth. Butanol production by the strains was quantified and the identity of the strains was elucidated using 16S rRNA sequencing. The carboxydotrophic strains possessed inherent tolerance to butanol and tolerated up to 3% n-butanol. Among the 11 strains, T1-16, M2-32 and M3-28 were the most tolerant to butanol. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of these strains was similar (99% nucleotide similarity) to the butanol-tolerant strains Bacillus licheniformis YP1A, Pediococcus acidilacti IMUA20068 and Enterococcus faecium IMAU60169, respectively. The carboxydotrophic strains screened in this study have two distinct features: (1) high tolerance to butanol and (2) natural production of low concentration of butanol from CO, which distinguish them from other screened butanol-tolerant strains. The butanol tolerance of these carboxydotrophic strains makes them ideal for genetic studies, particularly the molecular mechanisms that enable them to survive such hostile environmental conditions and the identification of genes that confer tolerance to butanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Pomaranski
- a Department of Natural Sciences , The University of Michigan , Dearborn , MI , USA
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8
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Fernández-Naveira Á, Abubackar HN, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Carbon monoxide bioconversion to butanol-ethanol by Clostridium carboxidivorans: kinetics and toxicity of alcohols. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4231-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Acetone–butanol–ethanol production from substandard and surplus dates by Egyptian native Clostridium strains. Anaerobe 2015; 32:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Rathore S, Wan Sia Heng P, Chan LW. Microencapsulation of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 spores in gellan gum microspheres for the production of biobutanol. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:290-9. [PMID: 25761520 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1017617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to provide further insights on the applicability of microencapsulation using emulsification method, to immobilise Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 spores, for biobutanol production. The encapsulated spores were revived using heat shock treatment and the fermentation efficiency of the resultant encapsulated cells was compared with that of the free (non-encapsulated) cells. The microspheres were easily recovered from the fermentation medium by filtration and reused up to five cycles of fermentation. In contrast, the free (non-encapsulated) cells could be reused for two cycles only. The microspheres remained intact throughout repeated use. Although significant cell leakage was observed during the course of fermentation, the microspheres could be reused with relatively high butanol yield, demonstrating their role as microbial cell nurseries. Both encapsulated and liberated cells contributed to butanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Rathore
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore , Singapore
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11
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Jain R, Venkatasubramanian P. Proposed correlation of modern processing principles for Ayurvedic herbal drug manufacturing: A systematic review. Anc Sci Life 2015; 34:8-15. [PMID: 25737605 PMCID: PMC4342652 DOI: 10.4103/0257-7941.150768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quality Ayurvedic herbal medicines are potential, low-cost solutions for addressing contemporary healthcare needs of both Indian and global community. Correlating Ayurvedic herbal preparations with modern processing principles (MPPs) can help develop new and use appropriate technology for scaling up production of the medicines, which is necessary to meet the growing demand. Understanding the fundamental Ayurvedic principles behind formulation and processing is also important for improving the dosage forms. Even though Ayurvedic industry has adopted technologies from food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries, there is no systematic study to correlate the traditional and modern processing methods. This study is an attempt to provide a possible correlation between the Ayurvedic processing methods and MPPs. A systematic literature review was performed to identify the Ayurvedic processing methods by collecting information from English editions of classical Ayurveda texts on medicine preparation methods. Correlation between traditional and MPPs was done based on the techniques used in Ayurvedic drug processing. It was observed that in Ayurvedic medicine preparations there were two major types of processes, namely extraction, and separation. Extraction uses membrane rupturing and solute diffusion principles, while separation uses volatility, adsorption, and size-exclusion principles. The study provides systematic documentation of methods used in Ayurveda for herbal drug preparation along with its interpretation in terms of MPPs. This is the first step which can enable improving or replacing traditional techniques. New technologies or use of existing technologies can be used to improve the dosage forms and scaling up while maintaining the Ayurvedic principles similar to traditional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahi Jain
- Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Padma Venkatasubramanian
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Trans-disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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12
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Abstract
Since the first application of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) for food preservation more than 100 years ago, a wealth of knowledge has been gained on molecular mechanisms underlying the HHP-mediated destruction of microorganisms. However, one observation made back then is still valid, i.e. that HHP alone is not sufficient for the complete inactivation of bacterial endospores. To achieve "commercial sterility" of low-acid foods, i.e. inactivation of spores capable of growing in a specific product under typical storage conditions, a combination of HHP with other hurdles is required (most effectively with heat (HPT)). Although HPT processes are not yet industrially applied, continuous technical progress and increasing consumer demand for minimally processed, additive-free food with long shelf life, makes HPT sterilization a promising alternative to thermal processing.In recent years, considerable progress has been made in understanding the response of spores of the model organism B. subtilis to HPT treatments and detailed insights into some basic mechanisms in Clostridium species shed new light on differences in the HPT-mediated inactivation of Bacillus and Clostridium spores. In this chapter, current knowledge on sporulation and germination processes, which presents the basis for understanding development and loss of the extreme resistance properties of spores, is summarized highlighting commonalities and differences between Bacillus and Clostridium species. In this context, the effect of HPT treatments on spores, inactivation mechanism and kinetics, the role of population heterogeneity, and influence factors on the results of inactivation studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Lenz
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany
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13
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Li HG, Ofosu FK, Li KT, Gu QY, Wang Q, Yu XB. Acetone, butanol, and ethanol production from gelatinized cassava flour by a new isolates with high butanol tolerance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 172:276-282. [PMID: 25270042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To obtain native strains resistant to butanol toxicity, a new isolating method and serial enrichment was used in this study. With this effort, mutant strain SE36 was obtained, which could withstand 35g/L (compared to 20g/L of the wild-type strain) butanol challenge. Based on 16s rDNA comparison, the mutant strain was identified as Clostridium acetobutylicum. Under the optimized condition, the phase shift was smoothly triggered and fermentation performances were consequently enhanced. The maximum total solvent and butanol concentration were 23.6% and 24.3%, respectively higher than that of the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the correlation between butanol produced and the butanol tolerance was investigated, suggesting that enhancing butanol tolerance could improve butanol production. These results indicate that the simple but effective isolation method and acclimatization process are a promising technique for isolation and improvement of butanol tolerance and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Guang Li
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fred Kwame Ofosu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kun-Tai Li
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qiu-Ya Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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14
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Li HG, Luo W, Wang Q, Yu XB. Direct Fermentation of Gelatinized Cassava Starch to Acetone, Butanol, and Ethanol Using Clostridium acetobutylicum Mutant Obtained by Atmospheric and Room Temperature Plasma. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3330-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Arifin Y, Tanudjaja E, Dimyati A, Pinontoan R. A Second Generation Biofuel from Cellulosic Agricultural By-product Fermentation Using Clostridium Species for Electricity Generation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Chang Z, Cai D, Wang C, Li L, Han J, Qin P, Wang Z. Sweet sorghum bagasse as an immobilized carrier for ABE fermentation by using Clostridium acetobutylicum ABE 1201. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00187g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet sorghum bagasse as an immobilized carrier for ABE fermentation by usingClostridium acetobutylicumABE 1201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chang
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Di Cai
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lun Li
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jiacheng Han
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Peiyong Qin
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029, PR China
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Faisal A, Zarebska A, Saremi P, Korelskiy D, Ohlin L, Rova U, Hedlund J, Grahn M. MFI zeolite as adsorbent for selective recovery of hydrocarbons from ABE fermentation broths. ADSORPTION 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-013-9576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Isolation of butanol- and isobutanol-tolerant bacteria and physiological characterization of their butanol tolerance. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:6998-7005. [PMID: 24014527 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02900-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their importance as a biofuel production platform, only a very limited number of butanol-tolerant bacteria have been identified thus far. Here, we extensively explored butanol- and isobutanol-tolerant bacteria from various environmental samples. A total of 16 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria that could tolerate greater than 2.0% (vol/vol) butanol and isobutanol were isolated. A 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed that the isolates were phylogenetically distributed over at least nine genera: Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Rummeliibacillus, Brevibacillus, Coprothermobacter, Caloribacterium, Enterococcus, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, and Cellulosimicrobium, within the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Ten of the isolates were phylogenetically distinct from previously identified butanol-tolerant bacteria. Two relatively highly butanol-tolerant strains CM4A (aerobe) and GK12 (obligate anaerobe) were characterized further. Both strains changed their membrane fatty acid composition in response to butanol exposure, i.e., CM4A and GK12 exhibited increased saturated and cyclopropane fatty acids (CFAs) and long-chain fatty acids, respectively, which may serve to maintain membrane fluidity. The gene (cfa) encoding CFA synthase was cloned from strain CM4A and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant E. coli showed relatively higher butanol and isobutanol tolerance than E. coli without the cfa gene, suggesting that cfa can confer solvent tolerance. The exposure of strain GK12 to butanol by consecutive passages even enhanced the growth rate, indicating that yet-unknown mechanisms may also contribute to solvent tolerance. Taken together, the results demonstrate that a wide variety of butanol- and isobutanol-tolerant bacteria that can grow in 2.0% butanol exist in the environment and have various strategies to maintain structural integrity against detrimental solvents.
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Sun Y, Yan L, Fu H, Xiu Z. Selection and optimization of a salting-out extraction system for recovery of biobutanol from fermentation broth. Eng Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201300033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Sun
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian P. R. China
| | - Ling Yan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian P. R. China
| | - Hongxin Fu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian P. R. China
| | - Zhilong Xiu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian P. R. China
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20
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Gao W, Francis AJ. Fermentation and hydrogen metabolism affect uranium reduction by clostridia. ISRN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 2013:657160. [PMID: 25937978 PMCID: PMC4393052 DOI: 10.5402/2013/657160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Previously, it has been shown that not only is uranium reduction under fermentation condition common among clostridia species, but also the strains differed in the extent of their capability and the pH of the culture significantly affected uranium(VI) reduction. In this study, using HPLC and GC techniques, metabolic properties of those clostridial strains active in uranium reduction under fermentation conditions have been characterized and their effects on capability variance of uranium reduction discussed. Then, the relationship between hydrogen metabolism and uranium reduction has been further explored and the important role played by hydrogenase in uranium(VI) and iron(III) reduction by clostridia demonstrated. When hydrogen was provided as the headspace gas, uranium(VI) reduction occurred in the presence of whole cells of clostridia. This is in contrast to that of nitrogen as the headspace gas. Without clostridia cells, hydrogen alone could not result in uranium(VI) reduction. In alignment with this observation, it was also found that either copper(II) addition or iron depletion in the medium could compromise uranium reduction by clostridia. In the end, a comprehensive model was proposed to explain uranium reduction by clostridia and its relationship to the overall metabolism especially hydrogen (H2) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Gao
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Arokiasamy J. Francis
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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Bankar SB, Survase SA, Ojamo H, Granström T. Biobutanol: the outlook of an academic and industrialist. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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van den Berg C, Heeres AS, van der Wielen LAM, Straathof AJJ. Simultaneous Clostridial fermentation, lipase-catalyzed esterification, and ester extraction to enrich diesel with butyl butyrate. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 110:137-42. [PMID: 22833369 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The recovery of 1-butanol from fermentation broth is energy-intensive since typical concentrations in fermentation broth are below 20 g L(-1). To prevent butanol inhibition and high downstream processing costs, we aimed at producing butyl esters instead of 1-butanol. It is shown that it is possible to perform simultaneously clostridial fermentation, esterification of the formed butanol to butyl butyrate, and extraction of this ester by hexadecane. The very high partition coefficient of butyl butyrate pulls the esterification towards the product side even at fermentation pH and relatively low butanol concentrations. The hexadecane extractant is a model diesel compound and is nontoxic to the cells. If butyl butyrate enriched diesel can directly be used as car fuel, no product recovery is required. A proof-of-principle experiment for the one-pot bio-ester production from glucose led to 5 g L(-1) butyl butyrate in the hexadecane phase. The principle may be extended to a wide range of esters, especially to longer chain ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corjan van den Berg
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands
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Separation of butanol from acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation by a hybrid extraction–distillation process. Comput Chem Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2011.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Anemaet IG, Bekker M, Hellingwerf KJ. Algal photosynthesis as the primary driver for a sustainable development in energy, feed, and food production. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2010; 12:619-29. [PMID: 20640935 PMCID: PMC2991177 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-010-9311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
High oil prices and global warming that accompany the use of fossil fuels are an incentive to find alternative forms of energy supply. Photosynthetic biofuel production represents one of these since for this, one uses renewable resources. Sunlight is used for the conversion of water and CO₂ into biomass. Two strategies are used in parallel: plant-based production via sugar fermentation into ethanol and biodiesel production through transesterification. Both, however, exacerbate other problems, including regional nutrient balancing and the world's food supply, and suffer from the modest efficiency of photosynthesis. Maximizing the efficiency of natural and engineered photosynthesis is therefore of utmost importance. Algal photosynthesis is the system of choice for this particularly for energy applications. Complete conversion of CO₂ into biomass is not necessary for this. Innovative methods of synthetic biology allow one to combine photosynthetic and fermentative metabolism via the so-called Photanol approach to form biofuel directly from Calvin cycle intermediates through use of the naturally transformable cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Beyond providing transport energy and chemical feedstocks, photosynthesis will continue to be used for food and feed applications. Also for this application, arguments of efficiency will become more and more important as the size of the world population continues to increase. Photosynthetic cells can be used for food applications in various innovative forms, e.g., as a substitute for the fish proteins in the diet supplied to carnivorous fish or perhaps--after acid hydrolysis--as a complex, animal-free serum for growth of mammalian cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida G. Anemaet
- Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Bekker
- Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas J. Hellingwerf
- Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kraemer K, Harwardt A, Bronneberg R, Marquardt W. Separation of butanol from acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation by a hybrid extraction-distillation process. COMPUTER AIDED CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1570-7946(10)28002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Recent progress on industrial fermentative production of acetone–butanol–ethanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum in China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 83:415-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Martin CH, Nielsen DR, Solomon KV, Prather KLJ. Synthetic metabolism: engineering biology at the protein and pathway scales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 16:277-86. [PMID: 19318209 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysis has become a powerful tool for the synthesis of high-value compounds, particularly so in the case of highly functionalized and/or stereoactive products. Nature has supplied thousands of enzymes and assembled them into numerous metabolic pathways. Although these native pathways can be use to produce natural bioproducts, there are many valuable and useful compounds that have no known natural biochemical route. Consequently, there is a need for both unnatural metabolic pathways and novel enzymatic activities upon which these pathways can be built. Here, we review the theoretical and experimental strategies for engineering synthetic metabolic pathways at the protein and pathway scales, and highlight the challenges that this subfield of synthetic biology currently faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin H Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Lee SY, Park JH, Jang SH, Nielsen LK, Kim J, Jung KS. Fermentative butanol production by clostridia. Biotechnol Bioeng 2008; 101:209-28. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 773] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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The transcriptional program underlying the physiology of clostridial sporulation. Genome Biol 2008; 9:R114. [PMID: 18631379 PMCID: PMC2530871 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2008-9-7-r114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed microarray analysis of transcription during sporulation of the strict anaerobe and endospore former Clostridium acetobutylicum is presented. Background Clostridia are ancient soil organisms of major importance to human and animal health and physiology, cellulose degradation, and the production of biofuels from renewable resources. Elucidation of their sporulation program is critical for understanding important clostridial programs pertaining to their physiology and their industrial or environmental applications. Results Using a sensitive DNA-microarray platform and 25 sampling timepoints, we reveal the genome-scale transcriptional basis of the Clostridium acetobutylicum sporulation program carried deep into stationary phase. A significant fraction of the genes displayed temporal expression in six distinct clusters of expression, which were analyzed with assistance from ontological classifications in order to illuminate all known physiological observations and differentiation stages of this industrial organism. The dynamic orchestration of all known sporulation sigma factors was investigated, whereby in addition to their transcriptional profiles, both in terms of intensity and differential expression, their activity was assessed by the average transcriptional patterns of putative canonical genes of their regulon. All sigma factors of unknown function were investigated by combining transcriptional data with predicted promoter binding motifs and antisense-RNA downregulation to provide a preliminary assessment of their roles in sporulation. Downregulation of two of these sigma factors, CAC1766 and CAP0167, affected the developmental process of sporulation and are apparently novel sporulation-related sigma factors. Conclusion This is the first detailed roadmap of clostridial sporulation, the most detailed transcriptional study ever reported for a strict anaerobe and endospore former, and the first reported holistic effort to illuminate cellular physiology and differentiation of a lesser known organism.
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Atsumi S, Hanai T, Liao JC. Non-fermentative pathways for synthesis of branched-chain higher alcohols as biofuels. Nature 2008; 451:86-9. [DOI: 10.1038/nature06450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1496] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2007] [Accepted: 11/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bentley R, Bennett JW. A Ferment of Fermentations: Reflections on the Production of Commodity Chemicals Using Microorganisms. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2008; 63:1-32. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(07)00001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lu C, Jeffries T. Shuffling of promoters for multiple genes to optimize xylose fermentation in an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:6072-7. [PMID: 17693563 PMCID: PMC2074996 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00955-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe here a useful metabolic engineering tool, multiple-gene-promoter shuffling (MGPS), to optimize expression levels for multiple genes. This method approaches an optimized gene overexpression level by fusing promoters of various strengths to genes of interest for a particular pathway. Selection of these promoters is based on the expression levels of the native genes under the same physiological conditions intended for the application. MGPS was implemented in a yeast xylose fermentation mixture by shuffling the promoters for GND2 and HXK2 with the genes for transaldolase (TAL1), transketolase (TKL1), and pyruvate kinase (PYK1) in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain FPL-YSX3. This host strain has integrated xylose-metabolizing genes, including xylose reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase, and xylulose kinase. The optimal expression levels for TAL1, TKL1, and PYK1 were identified by analysis of volumetric ethanol production by transformed cells. We found the optimal combination for ethanol production to be GND2-TAL1-HXK2-TKL1-HXK2-PYK1. The MGPS method could easily be adapted for other eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms to optimize expression of genes for industrial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfeng Lu
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Karakashev D, Thomsen AB, Angelidaki I. Anaerobic biotechnological approaches for production of liquid energy carriers from biomass. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 29:1005-12. [PMID: 17410339 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Revised: 03/07/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the use of renewable biomass for energy production. Anaerobic biotechnological approaches for production of liquid energy carriers (ethanol and a mixture of acetone, butanol and ethanol) from biomass can be employed to decrease environmental pollution and reduce dependency on fossil fuels. There are two major biological processes that can convert biomass to liquid energy carriers via anaerobic biological breakdown of organic matter: ethanol fermentation and mixed acetone, butanol, ethanol (ABE) fermentation. The specific product formation is determined by substrates and microbial communities available as well as the operating conditions applied. In this review, we evaluate the recent biotechnological approaches employed in ethanol and ABE fermentation. Practical applicability of different technologies is discussed taking into account the microbiology and biochemistry of the processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Karakashev
- Institute of Environment & Resources DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 113, Lyngby, Denmark
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Staley BF, Xu F, Cowie SJ, Barlaz MA, Hater GR. Release of trace organic compounds during the decomposition of municipal solid waste components. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2006; 40:5984-91. [PMID: 17051789 DOI: 10.1021/es060786m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Landfill gas contains numerous speciated organic compounds (SOCs) including alkanes, aromatics, chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, terpenes, chlorofluoro compounds, and siloxanes. The source, rate and extent of release of these compounds are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to characterize the release of SOCs and the regulated parameter, non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) during the decomposition of residential refuse and its major biodegradable components [paper (P), yard waste (YW), food waste (FW)]. Work was conducted under anaerobic conditions in 8-L reactors operated to maximize decomposition. Refuse and YW were also tested under aerobic conditions. NMOC release during anaerobic decomposition of refuse, P, YW, and FW was 0.151, 0.016, 0.038, and 0.221 mg-C dry g(-1), respectively, while release during aerobic decomposition of refuse and YW was 0.282 and 0.236 mg-C dry g(-1), respectively. The highest NMOC release was measured under abiotic conditions (3.01 mg-C dry g(-1)), suggesting the importance of gas stripping. NMOC release was faster than CH4 production in all treatments. Terpenes and ketones accounted for 32-96% of SOC release in each treatment, while volatile fatty acids were not a significant contributor. Release in aerobic systems points to the potential importance of composting plants as an emissions source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan F Staley
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7908, USA
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Paredes CJ, Alsaker KV, Papoutsakis ET. A comparative genomic view of clostridial sporulation and physiology. Nat Rev Microbiol 2005; 3:969-78. [PMID: 16261177 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro1288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Clostridia are anaerobic, endospore-forming prokaryotes that include strains of importance to human and animal health and physiology, cellulose degradation, solvent production and bioremediation. Their differentiation and related developmental programmes are not well understood at the molecular level. Recent genome sequencing and transcriptional-profiling studies have offered a glimpse of their inner workings and indicate that a better understanding of the orchestration of the molecular events that underlie their unique physiology, capabilities and diversity will pay major dividends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Paredes
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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Ward OP, Singh A. Bioethanol technology: developments and perspectives. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2003; 51:53-80. [PMID: 12236060 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(02)51001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owen P Ward
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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Lee J, Blaschek HP. Glucose uptake in Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 and the solvent-hyperproducing mutant BA101. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:5025-31. [PMID: 11679321 PMCID: PMC93266 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.11.5025-5031.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose uptake and accumulation by Clostridium beijerinckii BA101, a butanol hyperproducing mutant, were examined during various stages of growth. Glucose uptake in C. beijerinckii BA101 was repressed 20% by 2-deoxyglucose and 25% by mannose, while glucose uptake in C. beijerinckii 8052 was repressed 52 and 28% by these sugars, respectively. We confirmed the presence of a phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) associated with cell extracts of C. beijerinckii BA101 by glucose phosphorylation by PEP. The PTS activity associated with C. beijerinckii BA101 was 50% of that observed for C. beijerinckii 8052. C. beijerinckii BA101 also demonstrated lower PTS activity for fructose and glucitol. Glucose phosphorylation by cell extracts derived from both C. beijerinckii BA101 and 8052 was also dependent on the presence of ATP, a finding consistent with the presence of glucokinase activity in C. beijerinckii extracts. ATP-dependent glucose phosphorylation was predominant during the solventogenic stage, when PEP-dependent glucose phosphorylation was dramatically repressed. A nearly twofold-greater ATP-dependent phosphorylation rate was observed for solventogenic stage C. beijerinckii BA101 than for solventogenic stage C. beijerinckii 8052. These results suggest that C. beijerinckii BA101 is defective in PTS activity and that C. beijerinckii BA101 compensates for this defect with enhanced glucokinase activity, resulting in an ability to transport and utilize glucose during the solventogenic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Food Microbiology Division, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Nölling J, Breton G, Omelchenko MV, Makarova KS, Zeng Q, Gibson R, Lee HM, Dubois J, Qiu D, Hitti J, Wolf YI, Tatusov RL, Sabathe F, Doucette-Stamm L, Soucaille P, Daly MJ, Bennett GN, Koonin EV, Smith DR. Genome sequence and comparative analysis of the solvent-producing bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum. J Bacteriol 2001; 183:4823-38. [PMID: 11466286 PMCID: PMC99537 DOI: 10.1128/jb.183.16.4823-4838.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 636] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome sequence of the solvent-producing bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 has been determined by the shotgun approach. The genome consists of a 3.94-Mb chromosome and a 192-kb megaplasmid that contains the majority of genes responsible for solvent production. Comparison of C. acetobutylicum to Bacillus subtilis reveals significant local conservation of gene order, which has not been seen in comparisons of other genomes with similar, or, in some cases closer, phylogenetic proximity. This conservation allows the prediction of many previously undetected operons in both bacteria. However, the C. acetobutylicum genome also contains a significant number of predicted operons that are shared with distantly related bacteria and archaea but not with B. subtilis. Phylogenetic analysis is compatible with the dissemination of such operons by horizontal transfer. The enzymes of the solventogenesis pathway and of the cellulosome of C. acetobutylicum comprise a new set of metabolic capacities not previously represented in the collection of complete genomes. These enzymes show a complex pattern of evolutionary affinities, emphasizing the role of lateral gene exchange in the evolution of the unique metabolic profile of the bacterium. Many of the sporulation genes identified in B. subtilis are missing in C. acetobutylicum, which suggests major differences in the sporulation process. Thus, comparative analysis reveals both significant conservation of the genome organization and pronounced differences in many systems that reflect unique adaptive strategies of the two gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nölling
- GTC Sequencing Center, Genome Therapeutics Corporation, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA
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Chen T, Ouko L, Warnick T, Leschine S. Detection, cloning, and sequence analysis of an indigenous plasmid from cellulolytic clostridial strain MCF1. Plasmid 2000; 43:153-8. [PMID: 10686135 DOI: 10.1006/plas.1999.1439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 2451-bp plasmid (pMCF1) from a cellulolytic Clostridium revealed that the protein specified by the largest open reading frame (ORF1) was homologous to RepB of Clostridium butyricum plasmid pCB101. The data suggest that pMCF1 belongs to the pC194 family of rolling-circle replicating plasmids and the ORF1 protein functions as its replication protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003-5720, USA.
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Tyurin M, Padda R, Huang KX, Wardwell S, Caprette D, Bennett GN. Electrotransformation of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 using high-voltage radio frequency modulated square pulses. J Appl Microbiol 2000; 88:220-7. [PMID: 10735989 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00032.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Molecular biological improvement of industrial solventogenic clostridia could be enhanced by a higher efficiency of electrotransformation. In this research, we used a new approach to determine the frequency spontaneously generated by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 cells during the application of a square high-voltage pulse. Once the frequency of 100 kHz was determined we transformed clostridial cells with pSOS84 plasmid DNA using radio-frequency modulated high-voltage square pulses (electric field strength 12 kVcm-1; pulse duration 22.5 ms; frequency of pulse modulation 100 kHz) to reach an efficiency exceeding 106 transformants microg-1 of plasmid DNA. We propose a possible role for cellular membrane structures in affecting the transformation yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tyurin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA
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Examination of physiological and molecular factors involved in enhanced solvent production by clostridium beijerinckii BA101. Appl Environ Microbiol 1999; 65:2269-71. [PMID: 10224036 PMCID: PMC91333 DOI: 10.1128/aem.65.5.2269-2271.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific activities and the mRNA expression levels associated with coenzyme A transferase, acetoacetate decarboxylase, and butyraldehyde dehydrogenase were elevated in hyper-solvent-producing Clostridium beijerinckii BA101 during the exponential growth phase. The increase in expression of the sol operon and associated enzyme activities may be responsible for enhanced solvent production by C. beijerinckii BA101.
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Chen CK, Blaschek HP. Effect of acetate on molecular and physiological aspects of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 solvent production and strain degeneration. Appl Environ Microbiol 1999; 65:499-505. [PMID: 9925574 PMCID: PMC91053 DOI: 10.1128/aem.65.2.499-505.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of sodium acetate to chemically defined MP2 medium was found to increase and stabilize solvent production and also increase glucose utilization by Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052. RNA and enzyme analyses indicated that coenzyme A (CoA) transferase was highly expressed and has higher activity in C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 grown in MP2 medium containing added sodium acetate than in the microorganism grown without sodium acetate. RNA analysis suggested the existence of a sol operon and confirmed the presence of a ptb-buk operon in C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052. In addition to CoA transferase, C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 grown in MP2 medium containing added acetate demonstrated higher acetate kinase- and butyrate kinase-specific activity than when the culture was grown in MP2 medium containing no added acetate. Southern blot analysis with chromosomal DNA isolated from solventogenic and degenerated C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 indicated that C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 strain degeneration does not involve loss of the CoA transferase genes. The addition of acetate to MP2 medium may induce the expression of the sol operon, which ensures solvent production and prevents strain degeneration in C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Nair RV, Green EM, Watson DE, Bennett GN, Papoutsakis ET. Regulation of the sol locus genes for butanol and acetone formation in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 by a putative transcriptional repressor. J Bacteriol 1999; 181:319-30. [PMID: 9864345 PMCID: PMC103564 DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.1.319-330.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A gene (orf1, now designated solR) previously identified upstream of the aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase gene aad (R. V. Nair, G. N. Bennett, and E. T. Papoutsakis, J. Bacteriol. 176:871-885, 1994) was found to encode a repressor of the sol locus (aad, ctfA, ctfB and adc) genes for butanol and acetone formation in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Primer extension analysis identified a transcriptional start site 35 bp upstream of the solR start codon. Amino acid comparisons of SolR identified a potential helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif in the C-terminal half towards the center of the protein, suggesting a regulatory role. Overexpression of SolR in strain ATCC 824(pCO1) resulted in a solvent-negative phenotype owing to its deleterious effect on the transcription of the sol locus genes. Inactivation of solR in C. acetobutylicum via homologous recombination yielded mutants B and H (ATCC 824 solR::pO1X) which exhibited deregulated solvent production characterized by increased flux towards butanol and acetone formation, earlier induction of aad, lower overall acid production, markedly improved yields of solvents on glucose, a prolonged solvent production phase, and increased biomass accumulation compared to those of the wild-type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Nair
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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Bermejo LL, Welker NE, Papoutsakis ET. Expression of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 genes in Escherichia coli for acetone production and acetate detoxification. Appl Environ Microbiol 1998; 64:1079-85. [PMID: 9501448 PMCID: PMC106371 DOI: 10.1128/aem.64.3.1079-1085.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/1997] [Accepted: 12/19/1997] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A synthetic acetone operon (ace4) composed of four Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 genes (adc, ctfAB, and thl, coding for the acetoacetate decarboxylase, coenzyme A transferase, and thiolase, respectively) under the control of the thl promoter was constructed and was introduced into Escherichia coli on vector pACT. Acetone production demonstrated that ace4 is expressed in E. coli and resulted in the reduction of acetic acid levels in the fermentation broth. Since different E. coli strains vary significantly in their growth characteristics and acetate metabolism, ace4 was expressed in three E. coli strains: ER2275, ATCC 11303, and MC1060. Shake flask cultures of MC1060(pACT) produced ca. 2 mM acetone, while both strains ER2275(pACT) and ATCC 11303(pACT) produced ca. 40 mM acetone. Glucose-fed cultures of strain ATCC 11303(pACT) resulted in a 150% increase in acetone titers compared to those of batch shake flask cultures. External addition of sodium acetate to glucose-fed cultures of ATCC 11303(pACT) resulted in further increased acetone titers. In bioreactor studies, acidic conditions (pH 5.5 versus 6.5) improved acetone production. Despite the substantial acetone evaporation due to aeration and agitation in the bioreactor, 125 to 154 mM acetone accumulated in ATCC 11303(pACT) fermentations. These acetone titers are equal to or higher than those produced by wild-type C. acetobutylicum. This is the first study to demonstrate the ability to use clostridial genes in nonclostridial hosts for solvent production. In addition, acetone-producing E. coli strains may be useful hosts for recombinant protein production in that detrimental acetate accumulation can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Bermejo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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45
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DNA topology and gene expression in Clostridium acetobutylicum: Implications for the regulation of solventogenesis. Biotechnol Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00129345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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