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Hattarki S, Bogar C, Bhat K. "Efficacy of cytotoxic effect of green tea catechins on the human periodontal fibroblasts and human dental pulp fibroblasts -An in vitro study". J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:273-277. [PMID: 37346847 PMCID: PMC10281319 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_168_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation of tooth-supporting tissue and the pulp tissue is followed by wound healing and regeneration process that involves the specific type of connective tissue cells, the fibroblasts. During periodontitis and pulpitis, the inflammation of the tissue causes damage to the fibroblasts. These fibroblasts secrete collagen proteins and maintain the structural framework; along with this the inflammatory process moves toward healing where in the specific cells such as the fibroblast cells play important roles. Green tea catechins epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) being one of the major catechins is known to have multiple beneficial effects on human fibroblasts. Objective To assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of green tea catechins on the human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts and human dental pulp fibroblasts. Materials and Methods Human PDL fibroblasts (hPDLFs) and human dental pulp fibroblasts were isolated from the two extracted premolar teeth that were indicated for orthodontic treatment. The fibroblasts were then seeded in 96 well tissue culture plate for cell viability study. EGCG was used at different concentration to treat the cells. After 48 h; (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) (MTT) assay was performed to determine the cell viability. Results The vitality of hPDLFs and human dental pulp fibroblasts was found to be inversely proportional to EGCG concentrations. Conclusions hPDLFs have shown 37% proliferation at lowest concentration of EGCG used and human dental pulp fibroblasts have shown 99% viability at lowest concentration of EGCG used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeevini Hattarki
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal’s Ngh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Chetana Bogar
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal’s Ngh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Kishore Bhat
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal’s Ngh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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Importance of multiple endocrine cell types in islet organoids for type 1 diabetes treatment. Transl Res 2022; 250:68-83. [PMID: 35772687 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Almost 50 years ago, scientists developed the bi-hormonal abnormality hypothesis, stating that diabetes is not caused merely by the impaired insulin signaling. Instead, the presence of inappropriate level of glucagon is a prerequisite for the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). It is widely understood that the hormones insulin and glucagon, secreted by healthy β and α cells respectively, operate in a negative feedback loop to maintain the body's blood sugar levels. Despite this fact, traditional T1D treatments rely solely on exogenous insulin injections. Furthermore, research on cell-based therapies and stem-cell derived tissues tends to focus on the replacement of β cells alone. In vivo, the pancreas is made up of 4 major endocrine cell types, that is, insulin-producing β cells, glucagon-producing α cells, somatostatin-producing δ cells, and pancreatic polypeptide-producing γ cells. These distinct cell types are involved synergistically in regulating islet functions. Therefore, it is necessary to produce a pancreatic islet organoid in vitro consisting of all these cell types that adequately replaces the function of the native islets. In this review, we describe the unique function of each pancreatic endocrine cell type and their interactions contributing to the maintenance of normoglycemia. Furthermore, we detail current sources of whole islets and techniques for their long-term expansion and culture. In addition, we highlight a vast potential of the pancreatic islet organoids for transplantation and diabetes research along with updated new approaches for successful transplantation using stem cell-derived islet organoids.
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Duin S, Schütz K, Ahlfeld T, Lehmann S, Lode A, Ludwig B, Gelinsky M. 3D Bioprinting of Functional Islets of Langerhans in an Alginate/Methylcellulose Hydrogel Blend. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801631. [PMID: 30835971 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of pancreatic islets is a promising strategy to alleviate the unstable blood-glucose control that some patients with diabetes type 1 exhibit and has seen many advances over the years. Protection of transplanted islets from the immune system can be accomplished by encapsulation within a hydrogel, the most investigated of which is alginate. In this study, islet encapsulation is combined with 3D extrusion bioprinting, an additive manufacturing method which enables the fabrication of 3D structures with a precise geometry to produce macroporous hydrogel constructs with embedded islets. Using a plottable hydrogel blend consisting of clinically approved ultrapure alginate and methylcellulose (Alg/MC) enables encapsulating pancreatic islets in macroporous 3D hydrogel constructs of defined geometry while retaining their viability, morphology, and functionality. Diffusion of glucose and insulin in the Alg/MC hydrogel is comparable to diffusion in plain alginate; the embedded islets continuously produce insulin and glucagon throughout the observation and still react to glucose stimulation albeit to a lesser degree than control islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duin
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Susann Lehmann
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden and German Centre for Diabetes Research Dresden, Tatzberg 47‐49 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Barbara Ludwig
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden and German Centre for Diabetes Research Dresden, Tatzberg 47‐49 01307 Dresden Germany
- Department of Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität Dresden Fetscherstraße 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
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4
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Shavandi A, Bekhit AEDA, Saeedi P, Izadifar Z, Bekhit AA, Khademhosseini A. Polyphenol uses in biomaterials engineering. Biomaterials 2018; 167:91-106. [PMID: 29567389 PMCID: PMC5973878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are micronutrients obtained from diet that have been suggested to play an important role in health. The health benefits of polyphenols and their protective effects in food systems as antioxidant compounds are well known and have been extensively investigated. However, their functional roles as a "processing cofactor" in tissue engineering applications are less widely known. This review focuses on the functionality of polyphenols and their application in biomaterials. Polyphenols have been used to stabilize collagen and to improve its resistance to degradation in biological systems. Therefore, they have been proposed to improve the performance of biomedical devices used in cardiovascular systems by improving the mechanical properties of grafted heart valves, enhancing microcirculation through the relaxation of the arterial walls and improving the capillary blood flow and pressure resistance. Polyphenols have been found to stimulate bone formation, mineralization, as well as the proliferation, differentiation, and the survival of osteoblasts. These effects are brought about by the stimulatory effect of polyphenols on osteoblast cells and their protective effect against oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, polyphenols inhibit the differentiation of the osteoclast cells. Collectively, these actions lead to promote bone formation and to reduce bone resorption, respectively. Moreover, polyphenols can increase the cross-linking of dentine and hence its mechanical stability. Overall, polyphenols provide interesting properties that will stimulate further research in the bioengineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | | | - Pouya Saeedi
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Zohreh Izadifar
- The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adnan A Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt; Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Zhang G, Matsumoto S, Hyon SH, Qualley SA, Upshaw L, Strong DM, Reems JA. Polyphenol, an Extract of Green Tea, Increases Culture Recovery Rates of Isolated Islets from Nonhuman Primate Pancreata and Marginal Grade Human Pancreata. Cell Transplant 2017; 13:145-52. [PMID: 15129760 DOI: 10.3727/000000004773301825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations indicate that an extract of green tea, polyphenol, can significantly increase the culture survival rate of rat islets without deteriorating their functionality. In this study, we examined the effect of adding polyphenol to islets isolated from human pancreata and nonhuman primate pancreata. Islets were isolated from human pancreata that did not meet criteria for clinical transplantation (n = 6) and from nonhuman primate pancreata (n = 5). The islets were cultured in CMRL-1066 + 10% FCS with the addition of 0, 30, 60, 125, 250, or 500 μg/ml of polyphenol. After 24 or 48 h of culture, islet yield, viability, purity, morphology, and stimulation index was assessed. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were also performed to assess the expression levels of the apoptotic related genes, Bcl-2 and BAX. After 24 h of culture, islet yields were significantly higher in cultures supplemented with 30–250 μg/ml of polyphenol than in cultures without polyphenol. After 48 h of culture, significant differences in islet numbers were observed with polyphenol concentrations of 125 μg/ml (p < 0.01) and 250 μg/ml (p < 0.01). However, no significant differences were noted in islet viability, purity, morphology, and stimulation index at each time point with or without polyphenol. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis of the islets indicated that Bcl-2 levels increased by 2.5-fold and BAX levels decreased by twofold in cultures supplemented with polyphenol. This resulted in BAX/Bcl-2 ratios that were lower in polyphenol-supplemented cultures than with control cultures. Polyphenol increases culture recovery rates by precluding islet apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhang
- Northwest Tissue Center at the Puget Sound Blood Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
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Hyon SH, Kim DH, Cui W, Matsumura K, Kim JY, Tsutsumi S. Preservation of Rat Aortic Tissue Transplant with Green Tea Polyphenols. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:881-3. [PMID: 17299992 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea polyphenols have recently attracted medical attention as bioactive agents with anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. We discovered their new usage as preservative agents for tissue transplants. We preserved rat aortas in a DMEM solution containing polyphenols extracted from green tea leaves. The preserved aortas retained original structures and mechanical strength, and were devoid of any undesirable cell secretions for over a month under physiological conditions. In addition, aortas from Lewis rats preserved for a month and transplanted to allogenic ACI rats completely avoided rejection by the host, suggesting that the polyphenols have immunosuppressive actions on the aortic tissues. From these results, we conclude that polyphenol treatment of aortic tissue transplant can maintain its viability for extended periods of time either before or after transplantation, and the method can be applicable to other transplantation situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hyon
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Kitaji H, Ookutsu S, Sato M, Miyoshi K. Preincubation with green tea polyphenol extract is beneficial for attenuating sperm injury caused by freezing-thawing in swine. Anim Sci J 2015; 86:922-8. [PMID: 26248791 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols (PFs) extracted from green tea, known to be potent anti-oxidants, have been reported to be effective in increasing the motility and viability of mammalian sperm, preserved in a liquid form. Therefore, we tested whether PFs might also be effective for maintaining the integrity of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa. Ejaculates, collected from Clawn miniature pigs, were diluted in a semen extender containing various amounts of PFs (0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% w/v) and then stored at 15°C overnight. The semen samples were processed, using the straw freezing procedure, and then frozen in liquid nitrogen. After rapid thawing at 40°C, the spermatozoa were subjected to several assays to evaluate semen quality. Spermatozoa frozen in a medium containing 0.01% w/v PFs exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher degrees of post-thawed viability and acrosomal integrity than those stored in the absence of PFs. However, no change in the mitochondrial activity was noted between the two groups. The inclusion of 0.01% PFs in the semen extender was significantly (P < 0.05) effective in increasing both the rates of monospermic oocyte formation and of blastocyst formation. These findings indicate that preincubation with the semen extender, containing 0.01% PFs prior to freezing, exerts a protective effect on boar sperm by preventing injuries associated with freezing-thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Kitaji
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shoji Ookutsu
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sato
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuchika Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Kamiya M, Kawase T, Kobayashi M, Sekine Y, Okuda K, Nagata M, Fuse I, Nakata K, Wolff LF, Yoshie H. A short-term preservation of human cultured periosteal sheets, osteogenic grafting materials, using a commercial preservation solution containing epigallocatechin-3-gallate (Theliokeep(®)) under hypothermic conditions. Biopreserv Biobank 2015; 10:245-52. [PMID: 24835063 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2011.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, it has increasingly been reported that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major catechin derivative extracted from Green tea, has various bioactivities, including a cell-protective action on mammalian cells and tissues. In this study, we have tested a commercial preservation solution containing EGCG (Theliokeep(®)) in both two- and three-dimensional cultures of human periosteal sheets, which have been used as an osteogenic grafting material for periodontal regenerative therapy. When periosteal sheets were 3D-cultured on collagen mesh, cell viability was maintained for 2 days using the hypothermic EGCG preservation solution. Replenishment of EGCG solution with 2-day intervals prevented the time-dependent decline in cell viability at 3 days and later. As observed in nonpreserved control cultures, most cells were positive for proliferating cell-nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the cultures preserved at 4°C in the EGCG solution, whereas PCNA-negative cells were increased in the cultures preserved at 4°C in the MesenPRO medium. In periosteal sheets 2D-cultured in plastic dishes, the EGCG solution occasionally was associated with vacuole formation in the cytoplasm, but cells could again expand in the culture medium at 37°C. As observed in the nonpreserved periosteal sheets control, the osteogenic induction upregulated alkaline phosphatase in those cells and tissues preserved in the EGCG solution. The EGCG solution protected cells from the cold shock-induced membrane phospholipid peroxidation. Our data suggest that the EGCG solution acts as an antioxidant to protect periosteal cells from cold shock and preserves cells under chilled conditions. The limited period of preservation time could be expanded by repeating replenishment of the EGCG solution or by optimizing the formula to be more favorable for human periosteal sheets without sacrificing cell viability. This methodology of preserving human cultured periosteal sheets with EGCG would be expected to support and spread the clinical use of regenerative therapy with autologous periosteal sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Kamiya
- 1 Division of Oral Bioengineering, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstitution, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University , Niigata, Japan
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Choi MK, Park SJ, Eom SH, Kang MH. Anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effects of purple-fleshed potato in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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A comparative study of antioxidant potential of commonly used antidiabetic plants in Bangladesh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-013-0102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ademiluyi AO, Oboh G. Aqueous extracts of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) varieties inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in vitro. J Med Food 2012; 16:88-93. [PMID: 23216107 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts of two varieties (red and white) of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) calyces on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), with the aim of providing the possible mechanism for their antidiabetes properties. Aqueous extracts were prepared (1:100 w/v) and the supernatant used for the analysis. The extracts caused inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in vitro.The IC(50) revealed that the red variety (25.2 μg/mL) exhibited higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than the white variety (47.4 μg/mL), while the white variety (90.5 μg/mL) exhibited higher α-amylase inhibitory activity than the red variety (187.9 μg/mL). However, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of both calyces were higher than that of their α-amylase. In addition, the red variety possessed higher antioxidant capacity as exemplified by the (•)OH scavenging abilities, Fe(2+) chelating ability, and inhibition of Fe(2+)-induced pancreatic lipid peroxidation in vitro. The enzyme inhibitory activities and antioxidant properties of the roselle extracts agreed with their phenolic content. Hence, inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, coupled with strong antioxidant properties could be the possible underlying mechanism for the antidiabetes properties of H. sabdariffa calyces; however, the red variety appeared to be more potent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo O Ademiluyi
- Department of Biochemisry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
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Chen H, Huang B. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate: a novel storage medium for avulsed teeth. Dent Traumatol 2011; 28:158-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2011.01066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jung IH, Yun JH, Cho AR, Kim CS, Chung WG, Choi SH. Effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on maintaining the periodontal ligament cell viability of avulsed teeth: a preliminary study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2011; 41:10-6. [PMID: 21394292 PMCID: PMC3051051 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2011.41.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Avulsed tooth can be completely recovered, if sound periodontal ligament (PDL) of tooth is maintained. Although a lot of storage solutions have been explored for the better storage of avulsed tooth, there is a shortcoming that the preservation time is much short. On the other hand, there has been studies that (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol in green tea, which is related to the anti inflammatory, antioxygenic, and antibacterial effects, allows the successful preservations of tissues and cells. This study evaluated the effect of EGCG on avulsed-teeth preservation of Beagle dogs for a period of time. METHODS The atraumatically extracted teeth of Beagle dogs were washed and preserved with 0/10/100 µM of EGCG at the time of immediate, period 1 (4 days in EGCG-contained media and additional 1 day in EGCG-free media), period 2 (8 days in EGCG-contained media and additional 2 days in EGCG-free media) and period 3 (12 days in EGCG-contained media and additional 2 days in EGCG-free media). Then, the cell viabilities of preserved teeth was calculated by dividing optical density (OD) of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with OD of eosin assay to eliminate the measurement errors caused by the different tissue volumes. RESULTS From the results, the immediately analyzed group presented the highest cell viability, and the rate of living cells on teeth surface decreased dependent on the preservation period. However, the 100 µM of EGCG-treated group showed statistically significant positive cell activity than EGCG-free groups throughout preservation periods. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that 100 µM EGCG could maintain PDL cell viability of extracted tooth. These results suggest that although EGCG could not be a perfect additive for tooth preservation, it is able to postpone the period of tooth storage. However, further in-depth studies are required for more plausible use of EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Im-Hee Jung
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Nakayama K, Kakinoki R, Ikeguchi R, Yamakawa T, Ohta S, Fujita S, Noguchi T, Duncan SF, Hyon SH, Nakamura T. Storage and allogeneic transplantation of peripheral nerve using a green tea polyphenol solution in a canine model. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj 2010; 5:17. [PMID: 21110896 PMCID: PMC3003657 DOI: 10.1186/1749-7221-5-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In our previous study, allogeneic-transplanted peripheral nerve segments preserved for one month in a polyphenol solution at 4°C could regenerate nerves in rodents demonstrated the same extent of nerve regeneration as isogeneic fresh nerve grafts. The present study investigated whether the same results could be obtained in a canine model. Methods A sciatic nerve was harvested from a male beagle dog, divided into fascicules of < 1.5 mm diameter, and stored in a polyphenol solution (1 mg/ml) for one month at 4°C. The nerve fascicles were transplanted into 10 female beagle dogs to bridge 3-cm right ulnar nerve gaps. In the left ulnar nerve in each dog, a 3-cm nerve segment was harvested, turned in the opposite direction, and sutured in situ. Starting one day before transplantation, the immunosuppressant FK506 was administered subcutaneously at doses of 0.1 mg/kg daily in four dogs (PA0.1 group), 0.05 mg/kg daily in four dogs (PA0.05 group), or 0.05 mg/kg every other day in two dogs (PA0.025 group). Twelve weeks after surgery, electrophysiological and morphological studies were performed to assess the regeneration of the right and left ulnar nerves. The data for the right ulnar nerve were expressed as percentages relative to the left ulnar nerve. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the sex-determining region of the Y-chromosome (Sry) and β-actin to investigate whether cells of donor origin remained in the allogeneic nerve segments. FK506 concentration was measured in blood samples taken before the animals were killed. Results The total myelinated axon numbers and amplitudes of the muscle action potentials correlated significantly with the blood FK506 concentration. Few axons were observed in the allogeneic-transplanted nerve segments in the PA0.025 group. PCR showed clear Sry-specific bands in specimens from the PA0.1 and PA0.05 groups but not from the PA0.025 group. Conclusions Successful nerve regeneration was observed in the polyphenol-treated nerve allografts when transplanted in association with a therapeutic dose of FK506. The data indicate that polyphenols can protect nerve tissue from ischemic damage for one month; however, the effects of immune suppression seem insufficient to permit allogeneic transplantation of peripheral nerves in a canine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Nakayama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Bae JY, Han DW, Wakitani S, Nawata M, Hyon SH. Biological and Biomechanical Evaluations of Osteochondral Allografts Preserved in Cold Storage Solution Containing Epigallocatechin Gallate. Cell Transplant 2010; 19:681-9. [DOI: 10.3727/096368910x508771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) on the nonfrozen preservation of mammalian cells and tissues are generally not well understood. A storage solution containing EGCG was employed to test the hypothesis that EGCG is capable of extending the storage duration for the cold preservation of articular cartilages. Human articular cartilages were preserved in a storage solution composed of serum-free RPMI-1640 medium with 1% antibiotic-antimycotic solution and 1 mM EGCG at 4°C for 1, 2, and 4 weeks. The chondrocyte viability (CCK-8 assay), biochemical and immunohistochemical composition [glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and (type II) collagen], and biomechanical property (compressive elastic modulus) were assessed. The chondrocyte viability of the cartilages preserved with EGCG was significantly well maintained for at least 2 weeks with high content of GAG and total collagen. These beneficial effects of EGCG were confirmed by the immunohistochemical observations of well-preserved cartilaginous structures and delayed denaturation of the extracellular matrix in preserved cartilages. There was no significant difference in the compressive elastic modulus (MPa) between the cartilages preserved with and without EGCG. These results suggest that EGCG may play an effective role in preserving osteochondral allografts, which can be exploited in devising strategies for the long-term preservation of other tissues under cold storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Bae
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Nanomedical Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Shigeyuki Wakitani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Nawata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Marunouchi Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Suong Hyu Hyon
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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16
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Kashiwa K, Kotobuki N, Tadokoro M, Matsumura K, Hyon SH, Yoshiya S, Ohgushi H. Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on osteogenic capability of human mesenchymal stem cells after suspension in phosphate-buffered saline. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:91-100. [PMID: 19640263 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been sought for regeneration of various damaged tissues/organs in clinical situations. Liquid suspensions of MSCs have either been directly injected into organs or generally infused. In this study, we focused on the viability and differentiation of MSCs after suspension in phosphate-buffered saline. When the MSCs were treated with epigallocatechin gallate, which is purified from green tea catechin, the MSCs showed high viability as well as osteogenic differentiation capability even while suspended in phosphate-buffered saline for 4 days at 4 degrees C. In contrast, nontreated MSCs showed low viability and showed hardly any differentiation. The rate of proliferation of the treated MSCs was much higher than that of the nontreated MSCs. These results indicate the usefulness of epigallocatechin gallate treatment for fabrication of ready-to-use cellular products of MSC suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kashiwa
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Amagasaki, Japan
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17
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Bae JY, Matsumura K, Wakitani S, Kawaguchi A, Tsutsumi S, Hyon SH. Beneficial storage effects of epigallocatechin-3-o-gallate on the articular cartilage of rabbit osteochondral allografts. Cell Transplant 2009; 18:505-12. [PMID: 19775510 DOI: 10.1177/096368970901805-604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A fresh osteochondral allograft is one of the most effective treatments for cartilage defects of the knee. Despite the clinical success, fresh osteochondral allografts have great limitations in relation to the short storage time that cartilage tissues can be well-preserved. Fresh osteochondral grafts are generally stored in culture medium at 4 degrees C. While the viability of articular cartilage stored in culture medium is significantly diminished within 1 week, appropriate serology testing to minimize the chances for the disease transmission requires a minimum of 2 weeks. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) has differential effects on the proliferation of cancer and normal cells, thus a cytotoxic effect on various cancer cells, but a cytopreservative effect on normal cells. Therefore, a storage solution containing EGCG might extend the storage duration of articular cartilages. Rabbit osteochondral allografts were performed with osteochondral grafts stored at 4 degrees C in culture medium containing EGCG for 2 weeks and then the clinical effects were examined with macroscopic and histological assessment after 4 weeks. The cartilaginous structure of an osteochondral graft stored with EGCG was well-preserved with high cell viability and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of the extracellular matrix (ECM). After an osteochondral allograft, the implanted osteochondral grafts stored with EGCG also provided a significantly better retention of the articular cartilage with viability and metabolic activity. These data suggest that EGCG can be an effective storage agent that allows long-term preservation of articular cartilage under cold storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Bae
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6060-8507, Japan
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18
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Prooxidative effects of green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatethin-3-gallate on the HIT-T15 pancreatic beta cell line. Cell Biol Toxicol 2009; 26:189-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-009-9137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Miskon A, Yamaoka T, Hyon SH, Kodama M, Uyama H. Preservation of Porcine Hepatocytes in Three-Dimensional Bioreactor at Room Temperature Using Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2009; 15:345-53. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Azizi Miskon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Suong-Hyu Hyon
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Kodama
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uyama
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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20
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Matsumura K, Takayama H, Bae JY, Kurihara M, Tsutsumi S, Hyon SH. Preservation of Platelets by Adding Epigallocatechin-3-O-Gallate to Platelet Concentrates. Cell Transplant 2009; 18:521-8. [DOI: 10.1177/096368970901805-606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG), a major component of green tea, on platelet preservation was evaluated. Single donor platelets ( N = 10) were collected and preserved by the standard method. EGCG was added to the platelet concentrates before preservation and then the functional and biochemical parameters were monitored throughout the storage period. After 6 days of preservation, the aggregability of the platelets was significantly maintained by addition of 50 and 100 μg/ml of EGCG. Platelet prothrombinase activity was also significantly retained by the addition of EGCG. The accumulation of P-selectin and RANTES in the plasma preserved with EGCG was less than those preserved without EGCG, which indicated that EGCG might inhibit platelet activation. Furthermore, EGCG reduced the increase of LDH in plasma during preservation and inhibited the activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of gelsolin, thereby showing that EGCG could inhibit the apoptosis of platelets. These results suggest that EGCG may play an effective role in preserving platelets by inhibiting the activation and apoptosis of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Matsumura
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayama
- Department of Health/Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
| | - Jung Yoon Bae
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kurihara
- Department of Health/Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
| | - Sadami Tsutsumi
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Suong-Hyu Hyon
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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21
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Bae JY, Kanamune J, Han DW, Matsumura K, Hyon SH. Reversible Regulation of Cell Cycle-Related Genes by Epigallocatechin Gallate for Hibernation of Neonatal Human Tarsal Fibroblasts. Cell Transplant 2009; 18:459-69. [DOI: 10.3727/096368909788809776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the hibernation effect of epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) on neonatal human tarsal fibroblasts (nHTFs) by analyzing the expression of cell cycle-related genes. EGCG application to culture media moderately inhibited the growth of nHTFs, and the removal of EGCG from culture media led to complete recovery of cell growth. EGCG resulted in a slight decrease in the cell population of the S and G2/M phases of cell cycle with concomitant increase in that of the G0/G1 phase, but this cell cycle profile was restored to the initial level after EGCG removal. The expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1), CCNE2, CCN-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), and CDK2 was restored, whereas that of CCNA, CCNB1, and CDK1 was irreversibly attenuated. The expression of a substantial number of genes analyzed by cDNA microarray was affected by EGCG application, and these affected expression levels were restored to the normal levels after EGCG removal. We also found the incorporation of FITC-EGCG into the cytosol of nHTFs and its further nuclear translocation, which might lead to the regulation of the exogenous signals directed to genes for cellular responses including proliferation and cell cycle progression. These results suggest that EGCG temporarily affects not only genes related to the cell cycle but also various other cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Bae
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun Kanamune
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Nanomedical Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Korea
| | - Kazuaki Matsumura
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Suong-Hyu Hyon
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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22
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Silva A, Mateus M. Development of a polysulfone hollow fiber vascular bio-artificial pancreas device for in vitro studies. J Biotechnol 2009; 139:236-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Kawazoe T, Kim H, Tsuji Y, Morimoto N, Hyon SH, Suzuki S. Green tea polyphenols affect skin preservation in rats and improve the rate of skin grafts. Cell Transplant 2008; 17:203-9. [PMID: 18468251 DOI: 10.3727/000000008783906964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea polyphenols have been recently reported to promote the preservation of tissues, such as blood vessels, corneas, nerves, islet cells, articular cartilage, and myocardium, at room temperature. These findings indicate the possibility of a new method of tissue banking without freezing. A main active ingredient of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), is a polyphenol that possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and free radical scavenging effects. This study examined the effects of EGCG regarding skin preservation. Skin sample biopsy specimens measuring 1 x 1 cm from GFP rats were held in sterile containers with 50 ml preserving solution at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C for up to about 8 weeks. Periodically, some of the preserved skin specimens were directly examined histologically and others were transplanted into nude mice. Histological examinations of skin preserved at 4 degrees C revealed a degeneration of the epidermal and dermal layers from 5 weeks in all groups. In the groups preserved at 37 degrees C, degeneration and flakiness of the epidermal layer were demonstrated starting at 2 weeks preservation regardless of addition of EGCG. After 2-7 weeks of preservation the rat skin grafted to nude mice in the EGCG groups stored at 4 degrees C showed successful engraftment. However, grafts preserved at 4 degrees C without EGCG and at 37 degrees C did not demonstrate GFP-positive keratinocyte or fibroblasts. In conclusion, the present findings suggest the future clinical usefulness of EGCG for skin preservation without freezing; however, the mechanism by which EGCG promotes skin preservation still remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawazoe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Postgraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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24
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Protection of rabbit kidney from ischemia/reperfusion injury by green tea polyphenol pretreatment. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 30:1447-54. [PMID: 18087814 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal injury after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Recently, green tea polyphenols (GTP) have been found to protect the myocardium and liver against II/R injury. Less attention, however, has been paid to the protective effects of GTP with respect to the kidneys. This study was designed to determine whether GTP could protect renal cells from ischemic injury. The rabbits were divided into three groups of equal size: control (sham-operated), I/R + vehicle (normal saline) and I/R + GTP groups. Each group consisted of six rabbits. Animals underwent 30, 60, 90 and 120 min of ischemia, followed by 24 h of reperfusion, respectively. GTP (200 microg/kg) or the vehicle was administered 45 min prior to commencement of I/R. The results demonstrated that GTP administration resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of renal damage after 90 min of ischemia, as indicated by the decreased levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen in serum. These results were confirmed by histological examinations, which showed that GTP pretreatment inhibited necrosis and sloughing of the proximal tubules induced by I/R. Examinations also showed decreased necrotic areas in the medulla and decreased glomerular collapse in the I/R-injured rabbits. Moreover, the infiltration of CD8+ T cells was considerably decreased in GTP-treated kidneys. The results of this study suggest that GTP can reduce renal injury by preventing the oxidative stress dependent on I/R and may be used in renal transplantation as an antioxidant.
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25
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Matsumura K, Kim JY, Tsutsumi S, Hyon SH. Hibernation, reversible cell growth inhibition by epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate. J Biotechnol 2007; 127:758-64. [PMID: 16996160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2006] [Revised: 08/04/2006] [Accepted: 08/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCg) and related polyphenolic compounds found in tea are known to have antioxidative activities. However, they also have pro-oxidative activities such as generation of hydrogen peroxide. In this report, we investigated the effect on cells and showed the potential usage of EGCg in cell preservation. H(2)O(2) was generated from EGCg at concentrations of more than 300 microg/mL for 6 h at 37 degrees C, and high cytotoxicity for L929 cells were shown. In contrast, in the presence of 1 microg/mL catalase, the amount of generated H(2)O(2) was significantly low and cytotoxicity decreased markedly. This indicates that catalase eliminated H(2)O(2) generated by degradation of EGCg. Although H(2)O(2) generation was prevented, L929 cell proliferation was slightly inhibited in proportion to the concentrations of EGCg. L929 was exposed able to be 300 microg/mL to EGCg and 1 microg/mL catalase for maximum 18 days. EGCg inhibited the growth of L929 cells, and cell proliferation was restarted immediately after medium change for removing EGCg. We concluded that EGCg had a reversible growth inhibition when H(2)O(2) was eliminated from cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Matsumura
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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26
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Ikeguchi R, Kakinoki R, Matsumoto T, Yamakawa T, Nakayama K, Morimoto Y, Nakamura T. Successful storage of peripheral nerves using University of Wisconsin solution with polyphenol. J Neurosci Methods 2006; 159:57-65. [PMID: 16942801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2005] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that green tea polyphenol can preserve peripheral nerve segments for up to 1 month. In this study, we investigated the effect on peripheral nerve preservation of adding polyphenol to the conventional University of Wisconsin solution (UW solution), which has been widely used for organ storage. Twenty millimeter-long sciatic nerve segments, harvested from Lewis rats, were immersed in UW solution containing polyphenol (1 mg/mL) for 1 week and then in UW solution alone at 4 degrees C for 3 additional weeks before transplantation into recipient Lewis rats. Neural cell viability of the preserved nerve segments was confirmed by vital staining (calcein-AM/ethidium homodimer), electron microscopy, and genomic studies. Morphologically, nerve regeneration was similar to that of fresh isografts and superior to that of grafts stored with UW solution alone. Moreover, the electrophysiological results were equal to those of fresh isografts. Polyphenol has the potential to be used for peripheral nerve storage and could be useful for routine peripheral nerve banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Ikeguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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27
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Han DW, Hyon SH, Park JC, Park KD, Park YH, Park HK. Non-frozen preservation of mammalian tissue using green tea polyphenolic compounds. Biomed Mater 2006; 1:R18-29. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/1/1/r03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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28
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Han DW, Park YH, Kim JK, Jung TG, Lee KY, Hyon SH, Park JC. Survival rates of patients with malignant melanoma of the skin. ANNALES CHIRURGIAE ET GYNAECOLOGIAE 2005; 11:1054-64. [PMID: 16144441 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2005.11.1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on cases of malignant melanoma of the skin diagnosed in Finland between 1963 and 1968. Sufficient data for estimating the survival was obtained in 691 cases. The ten-year relative survival rate for the entire series was 41% for males and 53% for females. This sex difference remained constant throughout the various divisions of the material. The ten-year relative survival rate of males with tumour in stage I was 52% and that of females 59%. The highest survival rate of stage I tumour in males was for the tumours of the lower extremities (77%) and in females for those in the head and neck (79%). The relative survival of patients with tumour of the trunk in stage I was lowest in both sexes (males 49%, females 45%). The ten-year relative survival rate of patients with a local recurrence was 33% in males and 27% in females. The relative ten-year survival rates of patients with superficial melanoma were 130% in males and 92% in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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29
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Abstract
The potential protective roles played by green tea compounds (GTPCs) against reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress in cultured fetal human dermal fibroblasts (fHDFs) were investigated according to cell viability measurement methods, such as fluorescence double staining followed by flow cytometry (FCM), MTT assay and crystal violet uptake. Oxidative stress was induced in the fHDFs, either by adding 50 mM H2O2 or by the action of 40 U/L xanthine oxidase
(XO) in the presence of xanthine (250 µM). FCM analysis was the most suitable to show that both treatments produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the fHDF viability, attributed to its high sensitivity. On the microscopic observations, the cell death with necrotic morphology was appreciably induced by both treatments. These oxidative stress-induced damages were significantly (p < 0.05) prevented by pre-incubating the fHDFs with 200 µg/ml GTPC for 1 h. These results suggest that GTPC can act as a biological antioxidant in a cell culture experimental model and prevent oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in cells.
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30
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Matsumoto T, Kakinoki R, Ikeguchi R, Hyon SH, Nakamura T. Optimal conditions for peripheral nerve storage in green tea polyphenol: an experimental study in animals. J Neurosci Methods 2005; 145:255-66. [PMID: 15922041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2004] [Revised: 12/27/2004] [Accepted: 01/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated successful peripheral nerve storage for 1 month using polyphenol solution. We here report two studies to solve residual problems in using polyphenols as a storage solution for peripheral nerves. Study 1 was designed to determine the optimal concentration of the polyphenol solution and the optimal immersion period for nerve storage. Rat sciatic nerve segments were immersed in polyphenol solution at three different concentrations (2.5, 1.0, and 0.5 mg/ml) for three different periods (1, 7, and 26 days). Electrophysiological and morphological studies demonstrated that nerve regeneration from nerve segments that had been immersed in 1mg/ml polyphenol solution for 1 week and in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) for the subsequent 3 weeks was superior to the regeneration in other treatment groups. In study 2, the permeability of nerve tissue to polyphenol solution was investigated using canine sciatic nerve segments stored in 1.0mg/ml polyphenol solution for 1 week and in DMEM for the subsequent 3 weeks. Electron microscopy revealed that the Schwann cell structure within 500-700 microm of the perineurium was preserved, but cells deeper than 500-700 microm were badly damaged or had disappeared. The infiltration limit for polyphenol solution into neural tissue is inferred to be 500-700 microm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiichi Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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31
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Ikeguchi R, Kakinoki R, Matsumoto T, Hyon SH, Nakamura T. Peripheral Nerve Allografts Stored in Green Tea Polyphenol Solution. Transplantation 2005; 79:688-95. [PMID: 15785375 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000155417.87823.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated the successful 1-month storage of peripheral nerve segments in a green tea polyphenol extract. We investigated whether this method could reduce the donor-host immune reaction associated with peripheral nerve allotransplantation. METHODS Sciatic nerve segments (20 mm long) were harvested from Dark Agouti (DA) rats, stored in polyphenol solution (1 mg/mL) for 1 month, and transplanted into recipient major histocompatibility complex-mismatched Lewis rats to bridge 15-mm-long sciatic nerve gaps (polyphenol-treated allograft group). The controls were an isograft group (nerve segments harvested from Lewis rats were immediately transplanted into Lewis rats), a polyphenol-treated isograft group (nerve segments harvested from Lewis rats were treated by polyphenol in the same method and transplanted into Lewis rats), and a fresh allograft group (nerve segments harvested from DA rats were transplanted into Lewis rats without storage). To investigate the origins of the cells in the transplanted nerves, sciatic nerve segments harvested from the male DA rat donors were transplanted into female Lewis rat recipients; genomic DNA was extracted from each nerve segment and amplified by polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for the rat sex-determining region of the Y-chromosome (Sry). RESULTS Nerve regeneration in the polyphenol-treated allograft group was similar to that in the isografted group. Sry-specific bands were detected in all samples in the sex-mismatched polyphenol-treated allograft specimens despite their major histocompatibility complex incompatibility. CONCLUSIONS Storage in green tea polyphenol solution can reduce both ischemic damage to nerve tissue and donor-host immune reactions after allotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Ikeguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Lee EJ, Lee SA, Kim J. The effect of human serum albumin on the extended storage of human oral keratinocyte viability under mild hypothermia. Cryobiology 2005; 50:103-11. [PMID: 15710374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2004.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Revised: 09/03/2004] [Accepted: 12/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Isolated oral keratinocytes in suspension provide a number of advantages for use in maxillofacial surgery, however, the poor stability of this cell preparation at physiological temperatures is an apparent barrier preventing their use. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether human serum albumin (HSA) could serve as an effective constituent of a storage medium to enhance human oral keratinocyte (HOK) viability under conditions of mild hypothermia. Primary human oral keratinocytes were isolated from small pieces of the non-inflamed gingival tissues obtained during the extraction of the third molars of patients. HOK were cultured on collagen type I-coated culture dishes in keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). After the trypsinization of a culture dish (passage 2 or 3), freshly isolated HOK were stored for 24, 48, and 72 h at 4 degrees C or at room temperature in KGM, saline, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), saline supplemented with 10% HSA or DMEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) HSA under one atmosphere pressure. After storage, HOK cell survival was determined by dye exclusion using trypan blue and colony-forming assay and cell cycle change was obtained by flow cytometry. Highest cell viability was obtained in saline supplemented with 10% HSA and DMEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) HSA at 4 degrees C and at room temperature. Under these conditions no significant decline in keratinocyte viability was observed for at least 48 h. The cell cycle profiles of these cells were also maintained for at least 48 h at room temperature. These observations demonstrate that HSA might be better at preserving the viability of HOK stored under hypothermic and mild hypothermic conditions up to 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Oral pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, School of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Rah DK, Han DW, Baek HS, Hyon SH, Park JC. Prevention of reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress in human microvascular endothelial cells by green tea polyphenol. Toxicol Lett 2005; 155:269-75. [PMID: 15603922 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2004] [Revised: 10/06/2004] [Accepted: 10/07/2004] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The potential protective roles played by green tea polyphenol (GTP) against the injurious effects of reactive oxygen species in human microvascular endothelial cells (HUMVECs) were investigated. Oxidative stress was induced in cultured HUMVECs, either by adding 10 mM H2O2 or by the action of 10 U/l xanthine oxidase (XO) in the presence of xanthine (250 microM). Both treatments produced a significant reduction (to 68% and 71%, respectively) in HUMVEC viability, as assessed by fluorescence double staining method followed by flow cytometric analysis. On the microscopic observations, the morphological changes and necrotic detachment were appreciably induced by both treatments. The H2O2-induced alterations were completely prevented by pre-incubating the ECs with 10 microg/ml GTP for 1 h. When the oxidative stress was induced by XO, the cell viability and morphology were also significantly maintained at the same GTP concentration. These results demonstrate that GTP can act as a biological antioxidant in a cell culture experimental model and prevent oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyun Rah
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
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Chung WG, Lee EJ, Lee SJ, Lee SA, Kim J. Effect of Chlorophyllin on Normothermic Storage of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells. J Endod 2004; 30:399-402. [PMID: 15167465 DOI: 10.1097/00004770-200406000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether chlorophyllin could serve as an effective constituent of a storage medium to enhance the human periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability. Freshly isolated PDL cells from premolars extracted from healthy people were stored at 37 degrees C for 6 h in various solutions: F-medium and Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), supplemented with chlorophyllin. From MTT viability assays, the highest cell viability was found in the PDL cells stored in HBSS supplemented with 500 nM chlorophyllin, and the chlorophyllin-treated cells showed a dose-dependent response to concentration. Additionally, the results from flow cytometry showed that 77 to 80% of the PDL cells were in the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle, which suggested that most were in a stable stage. These result showed that HBSS, supplemented with chlorophyllin, may be a useful solution for preserving the viability of PDL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Gyun Chung
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju-City, Kangwon-Do, Korea
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Han DW, Park YH, Kim JK, Lee KY, Hyon SH, Suh H, Park JC. Effects of green tea polyphenol on preservation of human saphenous vein. J Biotechnol 2004; 110:109-17. [PMID: 15121331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2003.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2003] [Revised: 11/24/2003] [Accepted: 12/18/2003] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The potential role of green tea polyphenol (GtPP) in preserving the human saphenous vein was investigated under physiological conditions. The vein segments were incubated for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days, either after 4h of treatment with 1.0mg/ml GtPP or in the presence of GtPP at the same concentration. After incubation, the endothelial cell viability, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and the vein histology were evaluated. When the veins were not treated with GtPP, the viability of the endothelial cells was significantly reduced with the progress in the culture time, and none of the cells expressed eNOS after 5 days. Furthermore, severe histological changes and structural damage were observed in the non-treated veins. In contrast, incubating the veins after 4h of GtPP treatment significantly prevented these phenomena. The cellular viability of the GtPP-treated vein was approximately 64% after 7 days, and eNOS expression was maintained up to 40%, compared to that of the fresh vein. The histological observations showed that the vasculature was quite similar to that of the fresh vein. When incubated with GtPP, the vein could also be preserved for 1 week under physiological conditions retaining both its cellular viability (61%) and eNOS expression level (45%) and maintaining its venous structure without any morphological changes. These results demonstrate that GtPP treatment may be a useful method for preserving the HSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-ku, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
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Ikeguchi R, Kakinoki R, Okamoto T, Matsumoto T, Hyon SH, Nakamura T. Successful storage of peripheral nerve before transplantation using green tea polyphenol: an experimental study in rats. Exp Neurol 2003; 184:688-96. [PMID: 14769360 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2003] [Revised: 06/16/2003] [Accepted: 07/07/2003] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Green tea polyphenol is known to act as a buffer, reducing biological responses to oxidative stress. Several effects of polyphenol have been reported, such as protection of tissue from ischemia, antineoplasmic and anti-inflammatory effects, and suppression of arteriosclerosis. In this study, we investigated whether peripheral nerve segments could be kept viable in a polyphenol solution for 1 month. Sciatic nerve segments, 20 mm long, were harvested from Lewis rats and treated in three different ways before transplanting to recipient Lewis rats to bridge sciatic nerve gaps created by removal of 15-mm-long nerve segments. Group F: nerve segments were transplanted immediately after harvesting. Group P: nerve segments were transplanted after they had been stored in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) containing polyphenol for 7 days at 4 degrees C and then in DMEM for 21 days at 4 degrees C. Group M: nerve segments were stored in DMEM solution alone for 28 days at 4 degrees C. Viability of the nerve segments was assessed by vital staining (calcein-AM/ethidium homodimer), by electron microscopy and by genomic studies before transplantation. Nerve regeneration was evaluated using electrophysiological and morphological studies 12 and 24 weeks after transplantation. Neural cell viability of the preserved nerve segments was confirmed in group P, in which the nerve regeneration was similar to that in group F and superior to that in group M. Peripheral nerve segments can be successfully preserved for 1 month using green tea polyphenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Ikeguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Han DW, Suh H, Park YH, Cho BK, Hyon SH, Park JC. Preservation of Human Saphenous Vein against Reactive Oxygen Species-induced Oxidative Stress by Green Tea Polyphenol Pretreatment. Artif Organs 2003; 27:1137-42. [PMID: 14678430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2003.07163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The injurious effects of reactive oxygen species on venous tissues and the potential protective role played by green tea polyphenol (GTPP) on human saphenous veins were investigated. Oxidative stress was induced exogenously in the vein segments, either by adding 0.8 or 1.6 M of H2O2, or by using 80 or 160 U/L of xanthine oxidase in the presence of xanthine (0.5 mM). After incubation, the viability of the endothelial cells dissociated from veins and the histology of the veins were evaluated. Due to both types of treatment, a significant decrease in cellular viability, severe morphological changes in the veins, and extracellular structural damage were induced. The H2O2-induced alterations were prevented by preincubating the veins with either 0.5 or 1.0 mg/ml of GTPP for 1 h. When the oxidative stress was induced by xanthine oxidase, cellular viability and venous structure were preserved at the same polyphenol concentrations. These results demonstrate that GTPP can act as a biological antioxidant and protect veins from oxidative stress-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Omasa M, Fukuse T, Matsuoka K, Inui K, Hyon SH, Wada H. Effect of green tea extracted polyphenol on ischemia/reperfusion injury after cold preservation of rat lung. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:138-9. [PMID: 12591339 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Omasa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
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Hyon SH, Kim DH. Hibernation of mammalian cells at a living body temperature. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02931992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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