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Ramos‐Riera KP, Beltrán‐Parrazal L, Morgado‐Valle C, Pérez‐Severiano F, Martínez‐Gopar PE, López‐Meraz ML. Type 2 diabetes mellitus facilitates status epilepticus in adult rats: Seizure severity, neurodegeneration, and oxidative stress. Epilepsia Open 2024; 9:665-678. [PMID: 38321819 PMCID: PMC10984310 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of DM type 2 (DM2) on SE severity, neurodegeneration, and brain oxidative stress (OS) secondary to seizures. METHODS DM2 was induced in postnatal day (P) 3 male rat pups by injecting streptozocin (STZ) 100 mg/kg; control rats were injected with citrate buffer as vehicle. At P90, SE was induced by the lithium-pilocarpine administration and seizure latency, frequency, and severity were evaluated. Neurodegeneration was assessed 24 h after SE by Fluoro-Jade B (F-JB) staining, whereas OS was estimated by measuring lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS). RESULTS DM2 rats showed an increase in latency to the first generalized seizure and SE onset, had a higher number and a longer duration of seizures, and displayed a larger neurodegeneration in the hippocampus (CA3, CA1, dentate gyrus, and hilus), the piriform cortex, the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus and the cortical amygdala. Our results also show that only SE, neither DM2 nor the combination of DM2 with SE, caused the increase in ROS and brain lipid peroxidation. SIGNIFICANCE DM2 causes higher seizure severity and neurodegeneration but did not exacerbate SE-induced OS under these conditions. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Our research performed in animal models suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) may be a risk factor for causing higher seizure severity and seizure-induced neuron cell death. However, even when long-term seizures promote an imbalance between brain pro-oxidants and antioxidants, DM2 does not exacerbate that disproportion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francisca Pérez‐Severiano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular y NanotecnologíaInstituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”CDMXMexico
| | - Pablo Eliasib Martínez‐Gopar
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular y NanotecnologíaInstituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suárez”CDMXMexico
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Uryash A, Mijares A, Lopez CE, Adams JA, Allen PD, Lopez JR. Post-Anesthesia Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice Is Associated with an Age-Related Increase in Neuronal Intracellular [Ca 2+]-Neuroprotective Effect of Reducing Intracellular [Ca 2+]: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Cells 2024; 13:264. [PMID: 38334656 PMCID: PMC10854970 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common disorder after general anesthesia in elderly patients, the precise mechanisms of which remain unclear. Methods: We investigated the effect of isoflurane with or without dantrolene pretreatment on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leak, calpain activity, and cognitive function using the Morris water maze test of young (3 months), middle-aged (12-13 months), and aged (24-25 months) C57BL6/J mice. Results: Aged cortical and hippocampal neurons showed chronically elevated [Ca2+]i compared to young neurons. Furthermore, aged hippocampal neurons exhibited higher ROS production, increased LDH leak, and elevated calpain activity. Exposure to isoflurane exacerbated these markers in aged neurons, contributing to increased cognitive deficits in aged mice. Dantrolene pretreatment reduced [Ca2+]i for all age groups and prevented or significantly mitigated the effects of isoflurane on [Ca2+]i, ROS production, LDH leak, and calpain activity in aged neurons. Dantrolene also normalized or improved age-associated cognitive deficits and mitigated the cognitive deficits caused by isoflurane. Conclusions: These findings suggest that isoflurane-induced cytotoxicity and cognitive decline in aging are linked to disruptions in neuronal intracellular processes, highlighting the reduction of [Ca2+]i as a potential therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkady Uryash
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Alfredo Mijares
- Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 1020, Venezuela;
| | | | - Jose A. Adams
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Paul D. Allen
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK;
| | - Jose R. Lopez
- Department of Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
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Guo F, Xu F, Li S, Zhang Y, Lv D, Zheng L, Gan Y, Zhou M, Zhao K, Xu S, Wu B, Deng Z, Fu P. Amifostine ameliorates bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis via NAD +/SIRT1/AMPK pathway-mediated effects on mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:68. [PMID: 38245795 PMCID: PMC10799491 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating chronic lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of the lung parenchyma. Despite various interventions aimed at mitigating several different molecular aspects of the disease, only two drugs with limited clinical efficacy have so far been approved for IPF therapy. OBJECTIVE We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of amifostine, a detoxifying drug clinically used for radiation-caused cytotoxicity, in bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS C57BL6/J mice were intratracheally instilled with 3 U/kg of bleomycin. Three doses of amifostine (WR-2721, 200 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally on days 1, 3, and 5 after the bleomycin challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected on day 7 and day 21 for the assessment of lung inflammation, metabolites, and fibrotic injury. Human fibroblasts were treated in vitro with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), followed by amifostine (WR-1065, 1-4 µg/mL) treatment. The effects of TGF-β1 and amifostine on the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by live cell imaging of MitoSOX. Cellular metabolism was assessed by the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and the concentrations of various energy-related metabolites as measured by mass spectrum (MS). Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the effect of amifostine on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and adenosine monophosphate activated kinase (AMPK). RESULTS Three doses of amifostine significantly attenuated lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. Pretreatment and post-treatment of human fibroblast cells with amifostine blocked TGF-β1-induced mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction in human fibroblast cells. Further, treatment of fibroblasts with TGF-β1 shifted energy metabolism away from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and towards glycolysis, as observed by an altered metabolite profile including a decreased ratio of NAD + /NADH and increased lactate concentration. Treatment with amifostine significantly restored energy metabolism and activated SIRT1, which in turn activated AMPK. The activation of AMPK was required to mediate the effects of amifostine on mitochondrial homeostasis and pulmonary fibrosis. This study provides evidence that repurposing of the clinically used drug amifostine may have therapeutic applications for IPF treatment. CONCLUSION Amifostine inhibits bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by restoring mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongxiong Gan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Keyu Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuling Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, South China Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zaichun Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China.
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China.
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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Soma C, Hitomi S, Oshima E, Hayashi Y, Soma K, Shibuta I, Tsuboi Y, Shirakawa T, Kikuiri T, Iwata K, Shinoda M. Involvement of oxidative stress in orofacial mechanical pain hypersensitivity following neonatal maternal separation in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22760. [PMID: 38123836 PMCID: PMC10733350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with persistent pain have sometimes history of physical abuse or neglect during infancy. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying orofacial pain hypersensitivity associated with early-life stress remain unclear. The present study focused on oxidative stress and investigated its role in pain hypersensitivity in adulthood following early-life stress. To establish an early-life stress model, neonatal pups were separated with their mother in isolated cages for 2 weeks. The mechanical head-withdrawal threshold (MHWT) in the whisker pad skin of rats received maternal separation (MS) was lower than that of non-MS rats at postnatal week 7. In MS rats, the expression of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA oxidative damage, was enhanced, and plasma antioxidant capacity, but not mitochondrial complex I activity, decreased compared with that in non-MS rats. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) inactivation and ROS-sensitive transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) antagonism in the whisker pad skin at week 7 suppressed the decrease of MHWT. Corticosterone levels on day 14 increased in MS rats. Corticosterone receptor antagonism during MS periods suppressed the reduction in antioxidant capacity and MHWT. The findings suggest that early-life stress potentially induces orofacial mechanical pain hypersensitivity via peripheral nociceptor TRPA1 hyperactivation induced by oxidative stress in the orofacial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Soma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Eri Oshima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Kumi Soma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Ikuko Shibuta
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tsuboi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shirakawa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Takashi Kikuiri
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Masamichi Shinoda
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
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Côco LZ, Aires R, Carvalho GR, Belisário EDS, Yap MKK, Amorim FG, Conde-Aranda J, Nogueira BV, Vasquez EC, Pereira TDMC, Campagnaro BP. Unravelling the Gastroprotective Potential of Kefir: Exploring Antioxidant Effects in Preventing Gastric Ulcers. Cells 2023; 12:2799. [PMID: 38132119 PMCID: PMC10742242 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of milk kefir against NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Male Swiss mice were divided into three groups: control (Vehicle; UHT milk at a dose of 0.3 mL/100 g), proton pump inhibitor (PPI; lansoprazole 30 mg/kg), and 4% milk kefir (Kefir; 0.3 mL/100 g). After 14 days of treatment, gastric ulcer was induced by oral administration of indomethacin (40 mg/kg). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), DNA content, cellular apoptosis, IL-10 and TNF-α levels, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity were determined. The interaction networks between NADPH oxidase 2 and kefir peptides 1-35 were determined using the Residue Interaction Network Generator (RING) webserver. Pretreatment with kefir for 14 days prevented gastric lesions. In addition, kefir administration reduced ROS production, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis, and TNF-α systemic levels. Simultaneously, kefir increased NO bioavailability in gastric cells and IL-10 systemic levels. A total of 35 kefir peptides showed affinity with NADPH oxidase 2. These findings suggest that the gastroprotective effect of kefir is due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Kefir could be a promising natural therapy for gastric ulcers, opening new perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Zambom Côco
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Rafaela Aires
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Glaucimeire Rocha Carvalho
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Eduarda de Souza Belisário
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | | | - Fernanda Gobbi Amorim
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Javier Conde-Aranda
- Molecular and Cellular Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Breno Valentim Nogueira
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria 29047-105, ES, Brazil;
| | - Elisardo Corral Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Thiago de Melo Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
| | - Bianca Prandi Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil; (L.Z.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.C.); (E.d.S.B.); (E.C.V.); (T.d.M.C.P.)
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Asanuma K, Yokota S, Chosa N, Kamo M, Ibi M, Mayama H, Irié T, Satoh K, Ishisaki A. Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress promotes expression of CXCL15/Lungkine mRNA in a MEK/ERK-dependent manner in fibroblast-like synoviocytes derived from mouse temporomandibular joint. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:97-103. [PMID: 36584898 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a multifactorial disease caused by inflammation and oxidative stress. It has been hypothesized that mechanical stress-induced injury of TMJ tissues induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radical (OH∙), in the synovial fluid (SF). In general, the overproduction of ROS contributes to synovial inflammation and dysfunction of the subchondral bone in OA. However, the mechanism by which ROS-injured synoviocytes recruit inflammatory cells to TMJ-OA lesions remains unclear. METHODS Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to evaluate the mRNA expression of chemoattractant molecules. The phosphorylation levels of intracellular signaling molecules were evaluated using western blot analysis. RESULTS Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment significantly promoted mRNA expression of neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL15/Lungkine in a dose-dependent manner (100-500 μM) in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) derived from mouse TMJ. H2O2 (500 μM) significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1 and ERK2 in FLSs. Intriguingly, the mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126 (10 μM) nullified H2O2-induced increase in CXCL15/Lungkine mRNA expression. Additionally, H2O2 (500 μM) administration significantly upregulated OH∙ production in FLSs, as assessed by live-cell permeant fluorescent probe targeted against OH∙ under fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine (5 mM) partially but significantly reversed H2O2-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2. CONCLUSIONS H2O2-induced oxidative stress promoted the expression of CXCL15/Lungkine mRNA in a MEK/ERK-dependent manner in mouse TMJ-derived FLSs, suggesting that FLSs recruit neutrophils to TMJ-OA lesions through the production of CXCL15/Lungkine and exacerbate the local inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanna Asanuma
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate-ken 028-3694, Japan; Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka-shi, Iwate-ken 020-8505, Japan
| | - Seiji Yokota
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate-ken 028-3694, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Chosa
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate-ken 028-3694, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kamo
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate-ken 028-3694, Japan
| | - Miho Ibi
- Division of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate-ken 028-3694, Japan
| | - Hisayo Mayama
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka-shi, Iwate-ken 020-8505, Japan
| | - Tarou Irié
- Division of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate-ken 028-3694, Japan
| | - Kazuro Satoh
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, Iwate Medical University, 1-3-27 Chuo-dori, Morioka-shi, Iwate-ken 020-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Ishisaki
- Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate-ken 028-3694, Japan.
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Mohapatra A, Rajendrakumar SK, Chandrasekaran G, Revuri V, Sathiyamoorthy P, Lee YK, Lee JH, Choi SY, Park IK. Biomineralized Nanoscavenger Abrogates Proinflammatory Macrophage Polarization and Induces Neutrophil Clearance through Reverse Migration during Gouty Arthritis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:3812-3825. [PMID: 36646643 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals induces the overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines in residential macrophages, further promoting the infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes in the joints of gouty arthritis. Herein, a peroxidase-mimicking nanoscavenger was developed by forming manganese dioxide over albumin nanoparticles loaded with an anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin (BIM), to block the secretion of ROS and COX2-induced proinflammatory cytokines in the MSU-induced gouty arthritis model. In the MSU-induced arthritis mouse model, the BIM nanoparticles alleviated joint swelling, which is attributed to the abrogation of ROS and inflammatory cytokine secretions from proinflammatory macrophages that induces neutrophil infiltration and fluid building up in the inflammation site. Further, the BIM nanoparticle treatment reduced the influx of macrophages and neutrophils in the injured region by blocking migration and inducing reverse migration in the zebrafish larva tail amputation model as well as in MSU-induced peritonitis and air pouch mouse models. Overall, the current strategy of employing biomineralized nanoscavengers for arthritis demonstrates clinical significance in dual blocking of peroxides and COX2 to prevent influx of inflammatory cells into the sites of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Santhosh Kalash Rajendrakumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gopalakrishnan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Vishnu Revuri
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju27470, Republic of Korea
| | - Padmanaban Sathiyamoorthy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju27470, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Yong Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61469, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Global Future Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju61469, Republic of Korea
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Nguyen G, Park SY, Do DV, Choi DH, Cho EH. Gemigliptin Alleviates Succinate-Induced Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:918-928. [PMID: 36377343 PMCID: PMC9816499 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is) are used clinically as oral antidiabetic agents. Although DPP-4Is are known to ameliorate liver fibrosis, the protective mechanism of DPP-4Is in liver fibrosis remains obscure. In this study, gemigliptin was used to investigate the potential of DPP-4Is to alleviate the progression of liver fibrosis. METHODS To clarify the effects and mechanisms of gemigliptin, we conducted various experiments in LX-2 cells (immortalized human hepatic stellate cells [HSCs], the principal effectors of hepatic fibrogenesis), which were activated by succinate and exhibited elevated expression of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen type 1, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased cell proliferation. In vivo, we examined the effects and mechanisms of gemigliptin on a high-fat, high-cholesterol-induced mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). RESULTS Gemigliptin decreased the expression of fibrogenesis markers and reduced the abnormal proliferation of HSCs. In addition, gemigliptin reduced the succinate-induced production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular ROS, and mitochondrial fission in HSCs. Furthermore, in the mouse model of NASH-induced liver fibrosis, gemigliptin alleviated both liver fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSION Gemigliptin protected against HSC activation and liver fibrosis by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production, indicating its potential as a strategy for preventing the development of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dinh Vinh Do
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
- Corresponding author: Eun-Hee Cho. Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, 1 Gangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Korea Tel: +82-33-258-9167, Fax: +82-33-258-2455, E-mail:
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9
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Qiu Y, Tang Z. Dexmedetomidine Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats by Activating the Nrf2/ARE Pathway. J Healthc Eng 2022; 2022:4185195. [PMID: 35449859 PMCID: PMC9017427 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4185195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and its mechanism. Methods Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (6 rats in each group): control group (intratracheal instillation of saline), ALI group (intratracheal instillation of 5 mg/kg LPS), and ALI-Dex group (tail vein injection of 50 μg/kg/h Dex + intratracheal instillation of LPS). Subsequently, the water content of lung tissues was assessed using the wet-dry (W/D) ratio and the histopathological changes of lung tissues using H&E staining. Further activities of ROS, SOD, and GSH-Px in lung tissues of rats were measured by an automatic biochemistry analyzer. ELISA was performed to detect TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression in alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and Western blot to detect the expression of Nrf2/ARE pathway-related proteins. Results After Dex treatment, a reduction in water content in lung tissue and an improvement of lung injury were found in the ALI rats. Compared with the ALI group, rats in the ALI-Dex group had decreased ROS activity and increased activities of SOD and GSH-Px in lung tissues. Dex-treated rats were also associated with a decrease in TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression in alveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Additionally, increased expression levels of HO-1 and NQO1 in lung tissues and elevated expression of Nrf2 in the nucleus were shown in the ALI-Dex group compared with the ALI group. Conclusion Dex alleviates LPS-induced ALI by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Koiqeung Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510900, China
| | - Zhiwei Tang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510900, China
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10
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Kumar S, Verma R, Tyagi N, Gangenahalli G, Verma YK. Therapeutics effect of mesenchymal stromal cells in reactive oxygen species-induced damages. Hum Cell 2022; 35:37-50. [PMID: 34800267 PMCID: PMC8605474 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species are chemically unstable molecules generated during aerobic respiration, especially in the electron transport chain. ROS are involved in various biological functions; any imbalance in their standard level results in severe damage, for instance, oxidative damage, inflammation in a cellular system, and cancer. Oxidative damage activates signaling pathways, which result in cell proliferation, oncogenesis, and metastasis. Since the last few decades, mesenchymal stromal cells have been explored as therapeutic agents against various pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, acute and chronic kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases, macular degeneration, and biliary diseases. Recently, the research community has begun developing several anti-tumor drugs, but these therapeutic drugs are ineffective. In this present review, we would like to emphasize MSCs-based targeted therapy against pathologies induced by ROS as cells possess regenerative potential, immunomodulation, and migratory capacity. We have also focused on how MSCs can be used as next-generation drugs with no side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subodh Kumar
- Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Ranjan Verma
- Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Nishant Tyagi
- Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Gurudutta Gangenahalli
- Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Verma
- Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
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Zhou X, Zeng W, Rong S, Lv H, Chen Y, Mao Y, Tan W, Li H. Alendronate-Modified Nanoceria with Multiantioxidant Enzyme-Mimetic Activity for Reactive Oxygen Species/Reactive Nitrogen Species Scavenging from Cigarette Smoke. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:47394-47406. [PMID: 34605626 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Highly toxic radicals including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in cigarette smoke play an important role in oxidative damage of the lungs, which cannot be efficiently scavenged by current filter techniques. Herein, a novel alendronate-coated nanoceria (CeAL) nanozyme is explored for cigarette filter modification for ROS/RNS scavenging. The CeAL nanozyme with an adjustable oxidation state and high thermal stability exhibits an excellent superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, hydroxyl radical elimination capacity, catalase-mimicking activity, and nitric oxide radical scavenging ability. These synergistic antioxidant abilities make the CeAL nanozyme a lucrative additive for cigarette filters. The filter incorporated with the CeAL nanozyme can efficiently scavenge ROS/RNS in the hot smoke generated by burned commercial cigarettes, resulting in reduction of oxidative stress-induced pulmonary injury and acute inflammation of mice. The developed CeAL nanozyme opens up new opportunities for cigarette filter modification to decrease the toxicity of cigarette smoke and expands the application fields of nanoceria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Weinan Zeng
- Orthopedic Research institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shu Rong
- Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Heng Lv
- Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yonghong Chen
- Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yinghua Mao
- Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Weilong Tan
- Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Hong Li
- Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control of Eastern Theater, Nanjing 210002, China
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12
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Zhao ZF, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Zhang CH, Liu MW. Protective effects of baicalin on caerulein-induced AR42J pancreatic acinar cells by attenuating oxidative stress through miR-136-5p downregulation. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211026118. [PMID: 34176350 PMCID: PMC10305831 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211026118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Baicalin, the main active component of Scutellaria baicalensis, has antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects and is used to treat acute pancreatitis; however, its specific mechanism is unclear. This study aims to determine the protective effect and underlying mechanism of baicalin on AR42J pancreatic acinar cell injury. AR42J acinar cells (caerulein, 10 nmol/L) were induced in vitro to establish a cell model for acute pancreatitis. Cell relative survival was measured by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide, and cell apoptosis and death were examined by flow cytometry. The expression levels of superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1), Bax, survivin, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-7 proteins were analyzed by Western blot, and those of SOD1 mRNA and miR-136-5p were determined by RT-PCR. The activities of GSH, SOD1, ROS, and MDA were also investigated. Compared with those of the caerulein group, the relative survival rate and activity of AR42J pancreatic acinar cells with different baicalin concentrations were significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the supernatant amylase level was markedly decreased (p < 0.05). In addition, the ROS and MDA activities and mir-136-5p expression were significantly decreased, and the GSH activities and SOD1 gene and protein expression levels were markedly increased (p < 0.05). These results suggest that baicalin reduced the caerulein-induced death of AR42J acinar cells and alleviated the caerulein-induced injury in pancreatic acinar cells by inhibiting oxidative stress. The mechanism may be related to the decreased expression of Mir-136-5p and the increased expression of SOD1 gene and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-fen Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First
Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth
Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun-hai Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First
Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming-wei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First
Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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13
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Miranda-Díaz AG, García-Sánchez A, Cardona-Muñoz EG. Foods with Potential Prooxidant and Antioxidant Effects Involved in Parkinson's Disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020; 2020:6281454. [PMID: 32832004 PMCID: PMC7424374 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6281454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Oxidative stress appears to be responsible for the gradual dysfunction that manifests via numerous cellular pathways throughout PD progression. This review will describe the prooxidant effect of excessive consumption of processed food. Processed meat can affect health due to its high sodium content, advanced lipid oxidation end-products, cholesterol, and free fatty acids. During cooking, lipids can react with proteins to form advanced end-products of lipid oxidation. Excessive consumption of different types of carbohydrates is a risk factor for PD. The antioxidant effects of some foods in the regular diet provide an inconclusive interpretation of the environment's mechanisms with the modulation of oxidation stress-induced PD. Some antioxidant molecules are known whose primary mechanism is the neuroprotective effect. The melatonin mechanism consists of neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing antioxidant enzyme's expression and activity. N-acetylcysteine protects against the development of PD by restoring levels of brain glutathione. The balanced administration of vitamin B3, ascorbic acid, vitamin D and the intake of caffeine every day seem beneficial for brain health in PD. Excessive chocolate intake could have adverse effects in PD patients. The findings reported to date do not provide clear benefits for a possible efficient therapeutic intervention by consuming the nutrients that are consumed regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrés García-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Germán Cardona-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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14
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Yang H, Kuhn C, Kolben T, Ma Z, Lin P, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Early Life Oxidative Stress and Long-Lasting Cardiovascular Effects on Offspring Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155175. [PMID: 32707756 PMCID: PMC7432066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has rapidly developed and is now widely practised worldwide. Both the characteristics of ART (handling gametes/embryos in vitro) and the infertility backgrounds of ART parents (such as infertility diseases and unfavourable lifestyles or diets) could cause increased oxidative stress (OS) that may exert adverse influences on gametogenesis, fertilisation, and foetation, even causing a long-lasting influence on the offspring. For these reasons, the safety of ART needs to be closely examined. In this review, from an ART safety standpoint, the origins of OS are reviewed, and the long-lasting cardiovascular effects and potential mechanisms of OS on the offspring are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Zhi Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)821-400-165505
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
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15
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Nick P. How to handle the risks of oxygen. Protoplasma 2020; 257:333-334. [PMID: 32056034 PMCID: PMC7039842 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nick
- Botanical Institute, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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16
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Lee JJ, Ishihara K, Notomi S, Efstathiou NE, Ueta T, Maidana D, Chen X, Iesato Y, Caligiana A, Vavvas DG. Lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 deficiency increases the risk of reactive oxygen species-induced ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:414-419. [PMID: 31672277 PMCID: PMC6935401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP2), is a highly glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein involved in chaperone mediated autophagy. Mutations of LAMP2 cause the classic triad of myopathy, cardiomyopathy and encephalopathy of Danon disease (DD). Additionally, retinopathy has also been observed in young DD patients, leading to vision loss. Emerging evidence show LAMP2-deficiency to be involved in oxidative stress (ROS) but the mechanism remains obscure. In the present study, we found that tert-butyl hydroperoxide or antimycin A induced more cell death in LAMP2 knockdown (LAMP2-KD) than in control ARPE-19 cells. Mechanistically, LAMP2-KD reduced the concentration of cytosolic cysteine, resulting in low glutathione (GSH), inferior antioxidant capability and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. ROS induced RPE cell death through ferroptosis. Inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) increased lethality in LAMP2-KD cells compared to controls. Cysteine and glutamine supplementation restored GSH and prevented ROS-induced cell death of LAMP2-KD RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Jer Lee
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Kenji Ishihara
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shoji Notomi
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nikolaos E Efstathiou
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takashi Ueta
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Maidana
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Iesato
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alberto Caligiana
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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17
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Huang Z, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species cause major oxidative mitochondrial DNA damages and repair pathways. J Biosci 2020; 45:84. [PMID: 32661211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS) are produced at a variety of sites and affect the function of bio-molecules. The anti-oxidant system from both mitochondria and cytosol tightly coordinate to maintain the redox balance of cells and reduce damage from mROS. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are highly susceptible to mROS, and are easily oxidized to accumulate DNA modifications. Frequent oxidative damages in mtDNA have been associated with neurological degeneration, inflammasomes, tumorigenesis, and malignant progression. Among mitochondrial DNA repair pathways, the base excision repair pathway has been extensively characterized to remove some of oxidative damages in mtDNA as efficiently as the nuclear base excision repair. The implications of other pathways remain unclear. This review focuses on: (i) Sources of mROS and the antioxidant system to balance redox status; (ii) major mtDNA lesions or damages from mROS-mediated oxidation and the reported repair pathways or repairing factors; (iii) cellular response of oxidized mtDNA and methods to identify oxidatively generated DNA modifications in pathological conditions. DNA damages caused by mROS have been increasingly implicated in diseases and aging, and thus we critically discuss methods of the oxidative modifications evaluation and the complexity of non-canonical DNA repair pathways in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiu Huang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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18
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Ramprasath T, Freddy AJ, Velmurugan G, Tomar D, Rekha B, Suvekbala V, Ramasamy S. Context-Dependent Regulation of Nrf2/ARE Axis on Vascular Cell Function during Hyperglycemic Condition. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:797-806. [PMID: 32000646 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200130094512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of micro and macrovascular complications. During hyperglycemic conditions, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are exquisitely sensitive to high glucose. This high glucose-induced sustained reactive oxygen species production leads to redox imbalance, which is associated with endothelial dysfunction and vascular wall remodeling. Nrf2, a redox-regulated transcription factor plays a key role in the antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated expression of antioxidant genes. Although accumulating data indicate the molecular mechanisms underpinning the Nrf2 regulated redox balance, understanding the influence of the Nrf2/ARE axis during hyperglycemic condition on vascular cells is paramount. This review focuses on the context-dependent role of Nrf2/ARE signaling on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell function during hyperglycemic conditions. This review also highlights improving the Nrf2 system in vascular tissues, which could be a potential therapeutic strategy for vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharmarajan Ramprasath
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Allen John Freddy
- Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Chennai 600 059, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Velmurugan
- Chemomicrobiomics Laboratory, KMCH Research Foundation, Kovai Medical Center & Hospital, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia 19140, United States
| | - Balakrishnan Rekha
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vemparthan Suvekbala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil, Thucklay, Tamilnadu 629180, India
| | - Subbiah Ramasamy
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
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Markiewicz E, Idowu OC. DNA damage in human skin and the capacities of natural compounds to modulate the bystander signalling. Open Biol 2019; 9:190208. [PMID: 31847786 PMCID: PMC6936251 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin is a stratified organ frequently exposed to sun-generated ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which is considered one of the major factors responsible for DNA damage. Such damage can be direct, through interactions of DNA with UV photons, or indirect, mainly through enhanced production of reactive oxygen species that introduce oxidative changes to the DNA. Oxidative stress and DNA damage also associate with profound changes at the cellular and molecular level involving several cell cycle and signal transduction factors responsible for DNA repair or irreversible changes linked to ageing. Crucially, some of these factors constitute part of the signalling known for the induction of biological changes in non-irradiated, neighbouring cells and defined as the bystander effect. Network interactions with a number of natural compounds, based on their known activity towards these biomarkers in the skin, reveal the capacity to inhibit both the bystander signalling and cell cycle/DNA damage molecules while increasing expression of the anti-oxidant enzymes. Based on this information, we discuss the likely polypharmacology applications of the natural compounds and next-generation screening technologies in improving the anti-oxidant and DNA repair capacities of the skin.
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Zeineh N, Nagler R, Gabay M, Weizman A, Gavish M. Effects of Cigarette Smoke on TSPO-related Mitochondrial Processes. Cells 2019; 8:E694. [PMID: 31295884 PMCID: PMC6678681 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is an initiator of the mitochondrial apoptosis cascade. Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure provokes alterations in TSPO expression as well as upregulation of its related functions such as mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔψM) and reactive oxygen species generation, which are associated with cell death. In the current study, H1299 lung cancer cell line exposed to CS for various time periods (30 mins, 60 mins and 120 mins) and TSPO expression and cell death processes were studied. CS exposure for 30 mins resulted in a non-significant increase in TSPO expression by 24% (p > 0.05 vs. control). CS exposure for 60 mins and 120 mins resulted in a significant increase by 43% (p < 0.05 vs. control) and by 47% (p < 0.01 vs. control), respectively. Furthermore, TSPO-related mitochondrial functions were upregulated at the 120 mins time point following CS exposure. TSPO expression is upregulated by CS, suggesting that TSPO plays a role in cell death processes induced by CS exposure. Alterations in TSPO-related cell death processes suggest that TSPO may be involved in the tissue damage caused by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Zeineh
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Rafael Nagler
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Martin Gabay
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- Research Unit at Geha Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry at Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petah Tikva 4910002, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Moshe Gavish
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
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Jia ZL, Cen J, Wang JB, Zhang F, Xia Q, Wang X, Chen XQ, Wang RC, Hsiao CD, Liu KC, Zhang Y. Mechanism of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in zebrafish larvae: Activation of ROS-mediated ERS, apoptosis and the Nrf2 pathway. Chemosphere 2019; 227:541-550. [PMID: 31004821 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Isoniazid (INH) is a first-line anti-tuberculosis drug. INH has been detected in surface waters which may create a risk to aquatic organisms. In this study, the hepatotoxicity of INH was elucidated using zebrafish. The liver morphology, transaminase level, redox-related enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and mRNA levels of liver injury-related genes were measured. The results showed that INH (4, 6 mM) significantly caused liver atrophy and increased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in zebrafish. INH (6 mM) led to decreased catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and glutathione (GSH) content but increased ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Moreover, INH (6 mM) decreased expression levels of miR-122 and pparα but increased mRNA levels of ap-1 and c-jun. Furthermore, mRNA levels of factors related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) (grp78, atf6, perk, ire1, xbp1s and chop), apoptosis (bax, cyt, caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9) and the Nrf2 signalling pathway (nrf2, ho-1, nqo1, gclm and gclc) were significantly upregulated. INH may act on hepatotoxicity in zebrafish by increasing ROS content, which weakens the antioxidant capacity, leading to ERS, cell apoptosis and liver injury. In addition, the Nrf2 signalling pathway is activated as a stress compensation mechanism during INH-induced liver injury, but it is not sufficient to counteract INH-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Li Jia
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Juan Cen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- Beijing 302 Hospital of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Qing Xia
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xi-Qiang Chen
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Rong-Chun Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Chung-der Hsiao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Chun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China.
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Li S, Jin Y, Zhao H, Jiang Y, Cai Z. Evaluation of bisphenol A exposure induced oxidative RNA damage by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chemosphere 2019; 222:235-242. [PMID: 30708157 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Highlighted evidence suggests the possible implication of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on a variety of biological functions, such as DNA damage. Similar to DNA, exposed to BPA may also have potential risks to RNA damage due to its induction of reactive oxygen species. However, there are no related research reports about such health risks of BPA. Therefore, this work tried to investigate the BPA exposure induced oxidative RNA damage by detecting urinary nucleosides, the end-products of RNA metabolism. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap mass spectrometry method was applied to selectively and sensitively determine urinary nucleosides. As a result, 66 nucleosides were identified and the effects of BPA exposure on these nucleosides in rat urine samples were evaluated. The nucleosides showed different changing tendency along with different exposure dose of BPA. The strongest effect was observed in high does-exposure rats, indicating dose-response relationship between BPA-treatment and urinary nucleosides. Significant change of some nucleosides, including 8-oxoguanosine, was observed in the high-dose exposure group, suggesting obvious RNA damage to rats. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first study about the RNA damage induced by BPA exposure. The results provided a new perspective on the toxic effects of BPA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, PR China
| | - Yibao Jin
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, PR China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, PR China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, PR China.
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Haddad C, Salman R, El-Hellani A, Talih S, Shihadeh A, Saliba NA. Reactive Oxygen Species Emissions from Supra- and Sub-Ohm Electronic Cigarettes. J Anal Toxicol 2019; 43:45-50. [PMID: 30192935 PMCID: PMC6376456 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bky065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are battery-powered devices that heat and vaporize solutions containing propylene glycol (PG) and/or vegetable glycerin (VG), nicotine and possible trace flavorants to produce an inhalable aerosol. The heating process can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are linked to various oxidative damage-initiated diseases. Several studies in the literature have addressed ROS emissions in ECIG aerosols, but the effects of power, ECIG device design and liquid composition on ROS are relatively unknown. In addition, ROS emissions have not been examined in the emerging high power, sub-Ohm device (SOD) category. In this study, an acellular 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) probe technique was optimized to measure ROS in ECIG aerosols. The technique was deployed to measure ROS emissions in SOD and supra-Ohm ECIGs while varying power, heater coil head design and liquid composition (PG/VG ratio and nicotine concentration). Liquids were made from analytical standards of PG, VG and nicotine and contained no flavorants. At high powers, ROS emissions in ECIGs and combustible cigarettes were similar. Across device designs, ROS emissions were uncorrelated with power (R2 = 0.261) but were highly correlated with power per unit area (R2 = 0.78). It was noticed that an increase in the VG percentage in the liquid yielded higher ROS flux, and nicotine did not affect ROS emissions. ROS emissions are a function of device design and liquid composition at a given power. For a given liquid composition, a promising metric for predicting ROS emissions across device designs and operating conditions is power per unit area of the heating coil. Importantly, ROS formation is significant even when the ECIG liquid consists of pure analytical solutions of PG and VG; it can therefore be viewed as intrinsic to ECIG operation and not solely a by-product of particular flavorants, contaminants or additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Haddad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Rola Salman
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad El-Hellani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Soha Talih
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alan Shihadeh
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Najat Aoun Saliba
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Kulkarni AA, Conteh AM, Sorrell CA, Mirmira A, Tersey SA, Mirmira RG, Linnemann AK, Anderson RM. An In Vivo Zebrafish Model for Interrogating ROS-Mediated Pancreatic β-Cell Injury, Response, and Prevention. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018; 2018:1324739. [PMID: 29785241 PMCID: PMC5896207 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1324739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that a chronic state of elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in pancreatic β-cells impairs their ability to release insulin in response to elevated plasma glucose. Moreover, at its extreme, unmitigated ROS drives regulated cell death. This dysfunctional state of ROS buildup can result both from genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as obesity and overnutrition. Importantly, excessive ROS buildup may underlie metabolic pathologies such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. The ability to monitor ROS dynamics in β-cells in situ and to manipulate it via genetic, pharmacological, and environmental means would accelerate the development of novel therapeutics that could abate this pathology. Currently, there is a lack of models with these attributes that are available to the field. In this study, we use a zebrafish model to demonstrate that ROS can be generated in a β-cell-specific manner using a hybrid chemical genetic approach. Using a transgenic nitroreductase-expressing zebrafish line, Tg(ins:Flag-NTR)s950 , treated with the prodrug metronidazole (MTZ), we found that ROS is rapidly and explicitly generated in β-cells. Furthermore, the level of ROS generated was proportional to the dosage of prodrug added to the system. At high doses of MTZ, caspase 3 was rapidly cleaved, β-cells underwent regulated cell death, and macrophages were recruited to the islet to phagocytose the debris. Based on our findings, we propose a model for the mechanism of NTR/MTZ action in transgenic eukaryotic cells and demonstrate the robust utility of this system to model ROS-related disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek A. Kulkarni
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Abass M. Conteh
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Cody A. Sorrell
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Anjali Mirmira
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sarah A. Tersey
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Raghavendra G. Mirmira
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Amelia K. Linnemann
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ryan M. Anderson
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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25
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Bhargava A, Tamrakar S, Aglawe A, Lad H, Srivastava RK, Mishra DK, Tiwari R, Chaudhury K, Goryacheva IY, Mishra PK. Ultrafine particulate matter impairs mitochondrial redox homeostasis and activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mediated DNA damage responses in lymphocytes. Environ Pollut 2018; 234:406-419. [PMID: 29202419 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), broadly defined as coarse (2.5-10 μm), fine (0.1-2.5 μm) and ultrafine particles (≤0.1 μm), is a major constituent of ambient air pollution. Recent studies have linked PM exposure (coarse and fine particles) with several human diseases including cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ultrafine PM exposure induced cellular and sub-cellular repercussions are ill-defined. Since mitochondria are one of the major targets of different environmental pollutants, we herein aimed to understand the molecular repercussion of ultrafine PM exposure on mitochondrial machinery in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Upon comparative analysis, a significantly higher DCF fluorescence was observed in ultrafine PM exposed cells that confirmed the strong pro-oxidant nature of these particles. In addition, the depleted activity of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase suggested the strong association of ultrafine PM with oxidative stress. These results further coincided with mitochondrial membrane depolarization, altered mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activity and decline in mtDNA copy number. Moreover, the higher accumulation of DNA damage response proteins (γH2AX, pATM, p-p53), suggested that exposure to ultrafine PM induces DNA damage and triggers phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase mediated response pathway. Further, the alterations in mitochondrial machinery and redox balance among ultrafine PM exposed cells were accompanied by a considerably elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Interestingly, the lower apoptosis levels observed in ultrafine particle treated cells suggest the possibility that the marked alterations may lead to the impairment of mitochondrial-nuclear cross talk. Together, our results showed that ultrafine PM, because of their smaller size possesses significant ability to disturb mitochondrial redox homeostasis and activates phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase mediated DNA damage response pathway, an unknown molecular paradigm of ultrafine PM exposure. Our findings also indicate that maneuvering through the mitochondrial function might be a viable, indirect method to modulate lymphocyte homeostasis in air pollution associated immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Bhargava
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Shivani Tamrakar
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Aniket Aglawe
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Harsha Lad
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Narsee Moonjee Institute of Management Studies, Shirpur, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Irina Yu Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Yuxiang Cui
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
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27
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Bebeshko V, Homolyako I, Grynchyshyn V. Assessment of the effect of wave device application on morphological changes in organs and cells of irradiated animals. Exp Oncol 2017; 39:281-285. [PMID: 29284777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the effect of the Device for wave influence on biological objects on the prevention of the development of acute radiation sickness and chronic radiation syndrome in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The studies were performed on white rats irradiated at a dose of 8 Gy. The experimental group of irradiated rats was treated with a wave Device (Patent of Ukraine No. 53568) once, for 2.5 min, 1.5 h after irradiation. Their organs were processed by standard histologic methods. RESULTS In the demagnetized rats, dystrophic changes in cells and tissues of liver, lungs, kidneys, brain, bone marrow and spleen were insignificant in 60 days compared to the control non-demagnetized group of animals. CONCLUSION The Device reduced the magnetic charge of magneto-containing elements and their compounds in the organism of the irradiated animals, and decreased the formation of reactive oxygen species, which play a key role in the development of radiation-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bebeshko
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, National Center for Scientific Research of Radiation Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 02000, Ukraine
| | - I Homolyako
- O.O. Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - V Grynchyshyn
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, National Center for Scientific Research of Radiation Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 02000, Ukraine
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28
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Li GQ, He Y. [Sperm mitochondrial DNA and male infertility: An update]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2017; 23:848-851. [PMID: 29726669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sperm mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is closely related with male infertility. Lacking for the protection by histone and DNA-binding protein, sperm mtDNA is prone to the attack by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, without an effective repair system of mtDNA, ROS-induced changes in mtDNA may damage the synthesis of mtDNA encoding proteins and affect the function of mitochondria, which may be an important genetic factor for male infertility. Related studies should focus on finding the causes of sperm mtDNA damage and its relationship with male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Qin Li
- Department of Urology, Xuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuyi, Jiangsu 211700, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Andrology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the role of oxidative stress in two common placental-related disorders of pregnancy, miscarriage and preeclampsia. METHODS Review of published literature. RESULTS Miscarriage and preeclampsia manifest at contrasting stages of pregnancy, yet both have their roots in deficient trophoblast invasion during early gestation. Early after implantation, endovascular trophoblast cells migrate down the lumens of spiral arteries, and are associated with their physiological conversion into flaccid conduits. Initially these cells occlude the arteries, limiting maternal blood flow into the placenta. The embryo therefore develops in a low oxygen environment, protecting differentiating cells from damaging free radicals. Once embryogenesis is complete, the maternal intervillous circulation becomes fully established, and intraplacental oxygen concentration rises threefold. Onset of the circulation is normally a progressive periphery-center phenomenon, and high levels of oxidative stress in the periphery may induce formation of the chorion laeve. If trophoblast invasion is severely impaired, plugging of the spiral arteries is incomplete, and onset of the maternal intervillous circulation is premature and widespread throughout the placenta. Syncytiotrophoblastic oxidative damage is extensive, and likely a major contributory factor to miscarriage. Between these two extremes will be found differing degrees of trophoblast invasion compatible with ongoing pregnancy but resulting in deficient conversion of the spiral arteries and an ischemia-reperfusion-type phenomenon. Placental perfusion will be impaired to a greater or lesser extent, generating commensurate placental oxidative stress that is a major contributory factor to preeclampsia. CONCLUSION Miscarriage, missed miscarriage, and early- and late-onset preeclampsia represent a spectrum of disorders secondary to deficient trophoblast invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham J Burton
- Department of Anatomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Chronic iron overload is a major cause of cardiac failure throughout the world, but its pathogenesis remains to be clarified. It is conjectured that the toxicity of iron is due to its ability to catalyze the formation of oxygen free radicals (OFR), which can damage cellular membranes, proteins, and DNA. The authors report on the cardioprotective effects of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimic ebselen on iron concentrations in the heart and GPx activity, and on the production of the cytotoxic aldehydes hexanal, 4-hydroxyl-2-nonenal (HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Fifteen B6D2F1 mice were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups for a total of 20 treatments: 1) control (0.1 mL normal saline i.p. per mouse, per day); 2) iron-only (10 mg iron dextran i.p. per mouse, per day); 3) iron plus ebselen (25 mg/kg p.o. per mouse, per day). In comparison to iron-only treated mice, the authors’ findings show that supplementation with ebselen can decrease both cytotoxic aldehyde and iron concentrations in heart tissue. Additionally, mice supplemented with ebselen had an increase in GPx activity level in comparison to iron-only treated mice. To the authors’knowledge, this is the first study to examine the cardioprotective effects of ebselen against OFR damage in a model of chronic iron overload. These findings suggest that ebselen may have significance in the management of disorders of iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Davis
- School of Nursing at Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Abstract
The molecular and cellular basis of inflammation has become a topic of great interest of late because of the association between mechanisms of inflammation and risk for cancer. Inflammatory-mediated events, such as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activation of growth factors (for wound repair), and the altering of signal-transduction processes to activate cell-proliferation (to replace necrotic/apoptotic tissue cells), events that also can occur independently of inflammation, are all considered to be components of risk for a variety of cancers. Using scar cancer of the lung as an example, mechanisms of inflammation associated with recurring infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosisare discussed in the context that they may, in fact, be the major or sole cause of a cancer. Production of ROS, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and cytokines in pulmonary tissues is greatly enhanced due to a cell-mediated immune response against macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis. These responses lead to the extensive fibrosis associated with recurring infections, possibly leading to decreased clearance of lymph and lymph-associated particles from the infected region. They also will enhance rates of cell division by inhibiting synthesis of P21, leading to enhanced progression from G0 arrest to G1 phase, from G1 to Sphase, and from G2 to M phase of the cell cycle. By increasing rates of oxidative DNA damage and inhibiting apoptosis by enhancing synthesis of BCL-2, mutagenesis of progeny cells is enhanced, and these effects coupled with enhanced angiogenesis stimulated by COX-2 products lead to an environment that is highly conducive to tumorigenesis. Based on the evidence, it appears that but for an inflammatory response to recurring infections, some cases of scar cancer would not exist. By making appropriate lifestyle and dietary changes, a variety of anti-inflammatory effects can be produced, which should attenuate inflammation-induced risk for cancer.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory products, such as oxygen radicals generated during the course of bacterial meningitis, can damage nerve endings, hair cells, and/or supporting cells in the cochlea. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an O2-scavenger, has been shown to play an important role in the protection against radical toxicity in various animal experiments. OBJECTIVE: To study the antioxidant effects of SOD on the inflammatory response of gerbils with bacterial meningitis. STUDY DESIGN: Meningitis was induced in three groups of 10 gerbils by intrathecal (IT) injection of Streptococcus pneumoniae into the cisterna magna. Group 1 received IT SOD, group 2 received intramuscular (IM) SOD, and group 3, the control group, received IM normal saline. Histologic data and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were obtained from each gerbil. RESULTS: Fibrosis and/or neo-ossification were near absent in the IT SOD group and significantly less fibrosis occurred in the IM group (IT vs. IM: P = 0.010; IT vs. control group: P = 0.001). The amount of surviving spiral ganglion cells correlated inversely with the extent of fibrosis (r = −0.753, P < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: IT injection of SOD significantly reduced cochlear fibrosis and neo-ossification, reduced the spiral ganglion cell loss, and decreased damage of the cochlear components following bacterial meningitis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use
- Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem
- Fibrosis/etiology
- Fibrosis/prevention & control
- Free Radical Scavengers/administration & dosage
- Gerbillinae
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/prevention & control
- Inflammation/etiology
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Injections, Spinal
- Labyrinth Diseases/drug therapy
- Labyrinth Diseases/etiology
- Labyrinth Diseases/pathology
- Labyrinth Diseases/prevention & control
- Male
- Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy
- Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology
- Models, Animal
- Ossification, Heterotopic/etiology
- Ossification, Heterotopic/prevention & control
- Reactive Oxygen Species/adverse effects
- Streptococcal Infections/complications
- Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy
- Superoxide Dismutase/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman N Ge
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Davis, CA 98517, USA
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Meisrimler CN, Wienkoop S, Lyon D, Geilfus CM, Lüthje S. Long-term iron deficiency: Tracing changes in the proteome of different pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars. J Proteomics 2016; 140:13-23. [PMID: 27012544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Iron deficiency (-Fe) is one of the major problems in crop production. Dicots, like pea (Pisum sativum L.), are Strategy I plants, which induce a group of specific enzymes such as Fe(III)-chelate reductase (FRO), Fe responsive transporter (IRT) and H(+)-ATPase (HA) at the root plasma membrane under -Fe. Different species and cultivars have been shown to react diversely to -Fe. Furthermore, different kinds of experimental set-ups for -Fe have to be distinguished: i) short-term vs. long-term, ii) constant vs. acute alteration and iii) buffered vs. unbuffered systems. The presented work compares the effects of constant long-term -Fe in an unbuffered system on roots of four different pea cultivars in a timely manner (12, 19 and 25days). To differentiate the effects of -Fe and plant development, control plants (+Fe) were analyzed in comparison to -Fe plants. Besides physiological measurements, an integrative study was conducted using a comprehensive proteome analysis. Proteins, related to stress adaptation (e.g. HSP), reactive oxygen species related proteins and proteins of the mitochondrial electron transport were identified to be changed in their abundance. Regulations and possible functions of identified proteins are discussed. SIGNIFICANCE Pea (Pisum sativum L.) belongs to the legume family (Fabaceae) and is an important crop plant due to high Fe, starch and protein contents. According to FAOSTAT data (September 2015), world production of the garden pea quadrupled from 1970 to 2012. Since the initial studies by Gregor Mendel, the garden pea became the most-characterized legume and has been used in numerous investigations in plant biochemistry and physiology, but is not well represented in the "omics"-related fields. A major limitation in pea production is the Fe availability from soils. Adaption mechanisms to Fe deficiency vary between species, and even cultivars have been shown to react diversely. A label-free proteomic approach, in combination with physiological measurements, was chosen to observe four different pea cultivars for 5 to 25days. Physiological and proteome data showed that cultivar Blauwschokker and Vroege were more susceptible to -Fe than cultivar Kelvedon (highly efficient) and GftR (semi-efficient). Proteomic data hint that the adaptation process to long-term -Fe takes place between days 19 and 25. Results show that adaptation processes of efficient cultivars are able to postpone secondary negative effects of long-term -Fe, possibly by stabilizing the protein metabolic processing and the mitochondrial electron transport components. This maintains the cellular energy proliferation, keeps ROS production low and postpones the mitochondrial cell death signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia-Nicole Meisrimler
- University of Hamburg, Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, Oxidative Stress and Plant Proteomics Group, Ohnhorststraße 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany; CEA, IBEB, Laboratoire de biologie du développement des plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance F-13108, France; CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget & Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance F-13108, France; Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille F-13284, France.
| | - Stefanie Wienkoop
- University of Vienna, Dept. of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - David Lyon
- University of Vienna, Dept. of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- University of Kiel, Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Sabine Lüthje
- University of Hamburg, Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, Oxidative Stress and Plant Proteomics Group, Ohnhorststraße 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany.
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Othman EM, Oli RG, Arias-Loza PA, Kreissl MC, Stopper H. Metformin Protects Kidney Cells From Insulin-Mediated Genotoxicity In Vitro and in Male Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats. Endocrinology 2016; 157:548-59. [PMID: 26636185 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia is thought to enhance cancer risk. A possible mechanism is induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage by insulin, Here, the effect of a combination of metformin with insulin was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The rationales for this were the reported antioxidative properties of metformin and the aim to gain further insights into the mechanisms responsible for protecting the genome from insulin-mediated oxidative stress and damage. The comet assay, a micronucleus frequency test, and a mammalian gene mutation assay were used to evaluate the DNA damage produced by insulin alone or in combination with metformin. For analysis of antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial disturbances, the cell-free ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, the superoxide-sensitive dye dihydroethidium, and the mitochondrial membrane potential-sensitive dye 5,5',6,6'tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazol-carbocyanine iodide were applied. Accumulation of p53 and pAKT were analyzed. As an in vivo model, hyperinsulinemic Zucker diabetic fatty rats, additionally exposed to insulin during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, were treated with metformin. In the rat kidney samples, dihydroethidium staining, p53 and pAKT analysis, and quantification of the oxidized DNA base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine were performed. Metformin did not show intrinsic antioxidant activity in the cell-free assay, but protected cultured cells from insulin-mediated oxidative stress, DNA damage, and mutation. Treatment of the rats with metformin protected their kidneys from oxidative stress and genomic damage induced by hyperinsulinemia. Metformin may protect patients from genomic damage induced by elevated insulin levels. This may support efforts to reduce the elevated cancer risk that is associated with hyperinsulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Maher Othman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.M.O., R.G.O., H.S.), University of Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry (E.M.O.), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of El-Minia, 61519 Minia, Egypt; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.-A.A.-L., M.C.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - R G Oli
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.M.O., R.G.O., H.S.), University of Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry (E.M.O.), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of El-Minia, 61519 Minia, Egypt; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.-A.A.-L., M.C.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Paula-Anahi Arias-Loza
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.M.O., R.G.O., H.S.), University of Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry (E.M.O.), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of El-Minia, 61519 Minia, Egypt; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.-A.A.-L., M.C.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Michael C Kreissl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.M.O., R.G.O., H.S.), University of Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry (E.M.O.), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of El-Minia, 61519 Minia, Egypt; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.-A.A.-L., M.C.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.M.O., R.G.O., H.S.), University of Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry (E.M.O.), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of El-Minia, 61519 Minia, Egypt; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (P.-A.A.-L., M.C.K.), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
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Tytman K, Kaczmarek K, Lipińska S, Wranicz JK. [The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in arrhythmogenesis]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2016; 40:32-35. [PMID: 26891434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the molecular oxygen derivatives that have at least one unpaired electron. Thus, ROS easily react with a number of cell structures causing a change in their functions. ROS produced in small quantities positively affect many cellular mechanisms, but in excess are responsible for the formation of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is considered a major cause of many diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Abolition of the adverse effects of ROS on organisms in order to maintain redox homeostasis is possible thanks to antioxidants. The research conducted mainly in recent years shows that the formation of arrhythmias may also be related to the phenomenon of oxidative stress. Oxidative damage to cell membranes in particular are causing changes in ion channel activity, which proper functioning is the basis for the formation of normal heart rhythm. Antioxidants seem to play a protective role against the formation of arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Tytman
- Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Electrocardiology
| | | | | | - Jerzy K Wranicz
- Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Electrocardiology
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Zhuo X, Xie L, Shi FR, Li N, Chen X, Chen M. The benefits of respective and combined use of green tea polyphenols and ERK inhibitor on the survival and neurologic outcomes in cardiac arrest rats induced by ventricular fibrillation. Am J Emerg Med 2015; 34:570-5. [PMID: 26783148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral injury is a main factor contributing to a high mortality after cardiac arrest (CA)/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the effect of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (PD) on the survival and neurologic outcomes after CA/CPR in rats. METHODS First, rats were subjected to CA after CPR. The rats that restored spontaneous circulation were blindly allocated to the saline group (saline, IV, n = 12), the GTP group (GTPs, 10 mg/kg, IV, n = 12), the PD group (PD, 0.3 mg/kg, IV, n = 12), and the GTPs + PD group (GTPs, 10 mg/kg; PD, 0.3 mg/kg, IV, n = 12). Another 12 rats without experiencing CA and CPR were served as a sham group. Survival and the neurologic deficit score were observed for 72 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation. Second, same experimental procedures were performed, and in 1 of 5 groups, animals were divided into 4 subgroups further according to the different time points (12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation [ROSC], n = 6/group). Brain tissues were harvested at relative time points for the morphologic evaluation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonylaldehyde, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) measurement. RESULTS Green tea polyphenols, PD, and a combination of GTPs and PD used after ROSC alleviated the morphologic changes of the cerebrum. These 3 treatments also decreased the productions of ROS and malonylaldehyde, increased SOD activities in cerebral tissues, and improved the neurologic deficit and survival rates at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after ROSC. CONCLUSIONS Administration of GTPs and PD after ROSC can alleviate cerebral injury, improve the survival and neurologic outcomes via reduction of ROS, and increase of SOD activity in a rat CA/CPR model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhuo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Department of Physiology, School of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fangying Ruan Shi
- Department of Physiology, School of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Nuo Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Menghua Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Lausada N, Arnal N, Astiz M, Marín MC, Lofeudo JM, Stringa P, Tacconi de Alaniz MJ, Tacconi de Gómez Dumm N, Hurtado de Catalfo G, Cristalli de Piñero N, Pallanza de Stringa MC, Illara de Bozzolo EM, Bozzarello EG, Cristalli DO, Marra CA. Dietary fats significantly influence the survival of penumbral neurons in a rat model of chronic ischemic by modifying lipid mediators, inflammatory biomarkers, NOS production, and redox-dependent apoptotic signals. Nutrition 2015; 31:1430-42. [PMID: 26429666 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain stroke is the third most important cause of death in developed countries. We studied the effect of different dietary lipids on the outcome of a permanent ischemic stroke rat model. METHODS Wistar rats were fed diets containing 7% commercial oils (S, soybean; O, olive; C, coconut; G, grape seed) for 35 d. Stroke was induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. Coronal slices from ischemic brains and sham-operated animals were supravitally stained. Penumbra and core volumes were calculated by image digitalization after 24, 48, and 72 h poststroke. Homogenates and mitochondrial fractions were prepared from different zones and analyzed by redox status, inflammatory markers, ceramide, and arachidonate content, phospholipase A2, NOS, and proteases. RESULTS Soybean (S) and G diets were mainly prooxidative and proinflammatory by increasing the liberation of arachidonate and its transformation into prostaglandins. O was protective in terms of redox homeostatic balance, minor increases in lipid and protein damage, conservation of reduced glutathione, protective activation of NOS in penumbra, and net ratio of anti-to proinflammatory cytokines. Apoptosis (caspase-3, milli- and microcalpains) was less activated by O than by any other diet. CONCLUSION Dietary lipids modulate NOS and PLA2 activities, ceramide production, and glutathione import into the mitochondrial matrix, finally determining the activation of the two main protease systems involved in programmed cell death. Olive oil appears to be a biological source for the isolation of protective agents that block the expansion of brain core at the expense of penumbral neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lausada
- LTO (Laboratorio de Transplante de Órganos), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Nathalie Arnal
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariana Astiz
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Marín
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Lofeudo
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Stringa
- LTO (Laboratorio de Transplante de Órganos), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María J Tacconi de Alaniz
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Nelva Tacconi de Gómez Dumm
- LTO (Laboratorio de Transplante de Órganos), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Graciela Hurtado de Catalfo
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Norma Cristalli de Piñero
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Pallanza de Stringa
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eva María Illara de Bozzolo
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Enrique Gustavo Bozzarello
- DAIS (Dirección de Aplicación de Imágenes Satelitarias), Ministerio de Infraestructura de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Carlos Alberto Marra
- INIBIOLP (Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata), CCT-La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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Yang Y, Huang H, Feng D, Liu W, Cheng X, Ba Y, Cui L. [Effects. of N-acetylcysteine on fluoride-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in sertoli cells]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2014; 43:805-813. [PMID: 25438539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigated the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on endoplasmic reticulum stress of sertoli cells induced by sodium fluoride (NaF). METHODS Rat sertoli cells were exposed to various concentration of (0, 6, 12, 24 µg/ml) sodium fluoride with or without 2 mmol/L NAC for 24 hours. The cell viability was evaluated using trypan blue exclusion test. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA. Western blot was used to test the expression of GRP78, PERK and CHOP. RESULTS It was found that treatment with NAC (2 mmol/L) restored the reduced cell viability and excessive oxidative stress (P < 0.01). Moreover, fluoride exposure upregulated the expression of GRP7 8, PERK and CHOP protein (P <0. 01 ). NAC was also found to suppress the levels of GRP78, PERK and CHOP expression in NaF-treated cells (p<0.01). CONCLUSION Endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways were activated by ROS, and NAC attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress through inhibiting the levels of ROS in NaF-treated sertoli cells.
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with vascular diseases that are often attributed to vascular oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that vascular oxidative stress could induce obesity. We previously developed mice that overexpress p22phox in vascular smooth muscle, tg(sm/p22phox), which have increased vascular ROS production. At baseline, tg(sm/p22phox) mice have a modest increase in body weight. With high-fat feeding, tg(sm/p22phox) mice developed exaggerated obesity and increased fat mass. Body weight increased from 32.16 ± 2.34 g to 43.03 ± 1.44 g in tg(sm/p22phox) mice (vs. 30.81 ± 0.71 g to 37.89 ± 1.16 g in the WT mice). This was associated with development of glucose intolerance, reduced HDL cholesterol, and increased levels of leptin and MCP-1. Tg(sm/p22phox) mice displayed impaired spontaneous activity and increased mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. In mice with vascular smooth muscle-targeted deletion of p22phox (p22phox(loxp/loxp)/tg(smmhc/cre) mice), high-fat feeding did not induce weight gain or leptin resistance. These mice also had reduced T-cell infiltration of perivascular fat. In conclusion, these data indicate that vascular oxidative stress induces obesity and metabolic syndrome, accompanied by and likely due to exercise intolerance, vascular inflammation, and augmented adipogenesis. These data indicate that vascular ROS may play a causal role in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Youn Youn
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kin Lung Siu
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Heinrich E Lob
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Hana Itani
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - David G Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Hua Cai
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Laville M, Rognant N. [Kidney aging: a predictable and partly avoidable fragility]. Bull Acad Natl Med 2014; 198:673-688. [PMID: 26753400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The 9th World Kidney Day, on 13 March 2014, was devoted to the topic of renal aging. The proportion of older people in the general population is increasing steadily worldwide, with the most rapid growth in developing countries. This demographic upheaval is a consequence of socioeconomic development and increasing life expectancy. Chronic kidney disease is an important public health problem characterized by poor health outcomes and very high healthcare costs. Chronic kidney disease is a major risk multiplier in patients with diabetes, hypertension, heart disease and stroke, all of which are key causes of death and disability among older people. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is higher in the elderly, in whom it contributes to the effects of aging. The decrease in renal function with age also compounds the effects of renal disease, whether primary or secondary to systemic or urinary tract disorders. This physiological reduction in functional capacity affects the glomerular filtration rate and renal tubular functions, including water and salt regulation and also the elimination of many drugs. The aging kidney is much more sensitive to toxic insults, especially those due to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and iodinated contrast agents. Prevention of renal deterioration in the elderly is based on monitoring renal function, adapting medications, and maintaining a regular supply of water and salt.
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Hochscheid R, Schreiber N, Kotte E, Weber P, Cassel W, Yang H, Zhang Y, Pöschl U, Müller B. Nitration of protein without allergenic potential triggers modulation of antioxidant response in type II pneumocytes. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2014; 77:679-95. [PMID: 24786675 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.888023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of nitrogen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to induce lung inflammation, which is prevented by enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems. These agents form nitrated allergens that were shown to enhance allergenicity. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of nitrated proteins on inflammation and antioxidant status of the lung. Ovalbumin (OVA) in nitrated form (nOVA) was intraperitoneally (ip) injected in mice for sensitization and in nitrated or unmodified form for challenge to induce allergic bronchial inflammation. To study the allergen potential of unrelated protein and verify cross-reactivity, nitrated and unmodified keyhole limpet hemocyanin (nKLH, KLH) was used for challenge. Challenge with OVA or nOVA reduced lung function and increased eosinophilia and protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Challenge with nitrated or native OVA or KLH elevated glutathione (GSH) ratio in type II pneumocytes. Reduced mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 3, glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2, and catalase (CAT) was most prominent after challenge with nitrated OVA and nitrated KLH, respectively. Challenge with nOVA enhanced SOD1 mRNA reduction. Immunostaining of GPX 3 and SOD2 increased after challenge with OVA or nOVA, while reactivity of GR and reactivity of SOD2 were reduced after challenge with KLH or nKLH. SOD1 immunostaining was diminished after challenge with nonnitrated OVA or KLH. CAT immunoreaction was similar in all groups. Nitrated proteins without allergenic potential triggered mRNA reduction of antioxidants in type II cells after sensitization with a nitrated allergen but did not induce bronchial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Hochscheid
- a Laboratory of Respiratory Cell Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology , Philipps University , Marburg
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Abstract
The redox-inert transition metal Zn is a micronutrient that plays essential roles in protein structure, catalysis, and regulation of function. Inhalational exposure to ZnO or to soluble Zn salts in occupational and environmental settings leads to adverse health effects, the severity of which appears dependent on the flux of Zn(2+) presented to the airway and alveolar cells. The cellular toxicity of exogenous Zn(2+) exposure is characterized by cellular responses that include mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated production of reactive oxygen species, and loss of signaling quiescence leading to cell death and increased expression of adaptive and inflammatory genes. Central to the molecular effects of Zn(2+) are its interactions with cysteinyl thiols, which alters their functionality by modulating their reactivity and participation in redox reactions. Ongoing studies aimed at elucidating the molecular toxicology of Zn(2+) in the lung are contributing valuable information about its role in redox biology and cellular homeostasis in normal and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health XinXiang Medical University XinXiang, China 453003; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Philip A Bromberg
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - James M Samet
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
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Yadav UCS, Ramana KV, Srivastava SK. Aldose reductase regulates acrolein-induced cytotoxicity in human small airway epithelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:15-25. [PMID: 23770200 PMCID: PMC3830659 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR), a glucose-metabolizing enzyme, reduces lipid aldehydes and their glutathione conjugates with more than 1000-fold efficiency (Km aldehydes 5-30 µM) relative to glucose. Acrolein, a major endogenous lipid peroxidation product as well as a component of environmental pollutants and cigarette smoke, is known to be involved in various pathologies including atherosclerosis, airway inflammation, COPD, and age-related disorders, but the mechanism of acrolein-induced cytotoxicity is not clearly understood. We have investigated the role of AR in acrolein-induced cytotoxicity in primary human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs). Exposure of SAECs to varying concentrations of acrolein caused cell death in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. AR inhibition by fidarestat prevented the low-dose (5-10 µM) but not the high-dose (>10 µM) acrolein-induced SAEC death. AR inhibition protected SAECs from low-dose (5 µM) acrolein-induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of acrolein-induced apoptosis by fidarestat was confirmed by decreased condensation of nuclear chromatin, DNA fragmentation, comet tail moment, and annexin V fluorescence. Further, fidarestat inhibited acrolein-induced translocation of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bad from the cytosol to the mitochondria and that of Bcl2 and BclXL from the mitochondria to the cytosol. Acrolein-induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria was also prevented by AR inhibition. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and p38MAPK, and c-Jun were transiently activated in airway epithelial cells by acrolein in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion, which was significantly prevented by AR inhibition. These results suggest that AR inhibitors could prevent acrolein-induced cytotoxicity in the lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh C S Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - K V Ramana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Satish K Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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Wen X, Wu J, Wang F, Liu B, Huang C, Wei Y. Deconvoluting the role of reactive oxygen species and autophagy in human diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:402-410. [PMID: 23872397 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen, can form as a natural byproduct of the normal metabolism of oxygen and also have their crucial roles in cell homeostasis. Of note, the major intracellular sources including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), peroxisomes and the NADPH oxidase (NOX) complex have been identified in cell membranes to produce ROS. Interestingly, autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation process in which a cell degrades long-lived proteins and damaged organelles, has recently been well-characterized to be regulated by different types of ROS. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that ROS-modulated autophagy has numerous links to a number of pathological processes, including cancer, ageing, neurodegenerative diseases, type-II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, muscular disorders, hepatic encephalopathy and immunity diseases. In this review, we focus on summarizing the molecular mechanisms of ROS-regulated autophagy and their relevance to diverse diseases, which would shed new light on more ROS modulators as potential therapeutic drugs for fighting human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinming Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Fengtian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Abstract
The ability of muscles to regenerate successfully following damage diminishes with age and this appears to be a major contributor to the development of muscle weakness and physical frailty. Successful muscle regeneration is dependent on appropriate reinnervation of regenerating muscle. Age-related changes in the interactions between nerve and muscle are poorly understood but may play a major role in the defective regeneration. During aging there is defective redox homeostasis and an accumulation of oxidative damage in nerve and muscle that may contribute to defective regeneration. The aim of this review is to summarise the evidence that abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in nerve and/or muscle may be responsible for the defective regeneration that contributes to the degeneration of skeletal muscle observed during aging. Identifying the importance of ROS generation in skeletal muscle during aging could have fundamental implications for interventions to prevent muscle degeneration and treatments to reverse the age-related decline in muscle mass and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aphrodite Vasilaki
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK.
| | - Malcolm J Jackson
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
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Lee SS, Tsai CH, Yu CC, Chang YC. Elevated snail expression mediates tumor progression in areca quid chewing-associated oral squamous cell carcinoma via reactive oxygen species. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67985. [PMID: 23874481 PMCID: PMC3707908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snail is an important transcription factor implicated in several tumor progression and can be induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Areca quid chewing is a major risk factor of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, we hypothesize that the major areca nut alkaloid arecoline may induce Snail via ROS and involve in the pathogenesis of areca quid chewing-associated OSCC. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING Thirty-six OSCC and ten normal oral epithelium specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry and analyzed by the clinico-pathological profiles. Cytotoxicity, 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay, and western blot were used to investigate the effects of arecoline in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) and oral epithelial cell line OECM-1 cells. In addition, antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), curcumin, and epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) were added to find the possible regulatory mechanisms. Initially, Snail expression was significantly higher in OSCC specimens (p<0.05). Elevated Snail expression was associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.031) and poor differentiation (p = 0.017). Arecoline enhanced the generation of intracellular ROS at the concentration higher than 40 µg/ml (p<0.05). Arecoline was also found to induced Snail expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p<0.05). Treatment with NAC, curcumin, and EGCG markedly inhibited arecoline induced Snail expression (p<0.05). CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that Snail overexpression in areca quid chewing-associated OSCC is associated with tumors differentiation and lymph node metastasis. Arecoline-upregulated Snail expression may be mediated by ROS generation. In addition, arecoline induced Snail expression was downregulated by NAC, curcumin, and EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiuan-Shinn Lee
- School of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hung Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Chang
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Gavella M, Lipovac V. Protective effects of exogenous gangliosides on ROS-induced changes in human spermatozoa. Asian J Androl 2013; 15:375-81. [PMID: 23503425 PMCID: PMC3739653 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2012.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes the available evidence on the efficacy of gangliosides to reduce the degree of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damage. The antioxidative efficacy of exogenous gangliosides in protecting different cells encouraged us to examine their ability to protect human spermatozoa. Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids with strong amphiphilic character due to the bulky headgroup made of several sugar rings with sialic acid residues and the double-tailed hydrophobic lipid moiety. The amphiphilicity of gangliosides allows them to exist as micelles in aqueous media when they are present at a concentration above their critical micellar concentration. The protective effect of ganglioside micelles on spermatozoa is believed to stem from their ability to scavenge free radicals and prevent their damaging effects. In our study, we particularly focused our attention on the protective effect of ganglioside micelles on DNA in human spermatozoa exposed to cryopreservation. The results indicate that ganglioside micelles can modulate the hydrophobic properties of the sperm membrane to increase tolerance to DNA fragmentation, thus protecting the DNA from cryopreservation-induced damage. Further actions of ganglioside micelles, which were documented by biochemical and biophysical studies, included (i) the modulation of superoxide anion generation by increasing the diffusion barrier for membrane events responsible for signal translocation to the interior of the cell; (ii) the inhibition of iron-catalysed hydroxyl radical formation due to the iron chelation potential of gangliosides; and (iii) inhibition of hydrogen peroxide diffusion across the sperm membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Gavella
- Reproductive Biochemistry and Cell Metabolism Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
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Hirose Y, Ohta E, Kawai Y, Ohta S. Dorsamin-A's, glycerolipids carrying a dehydrophenylalanine ester moiety from the seed-eating larvae of the bruchid beetle Bruchidius dorsalis. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:554-558. [PMID: 23421743 DOI: 10.1021/np300713c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Using a TLC autographic assay for radical-scavenging activity with the ABTS radical, the presence of lipophilic antioxidants in the larvae of the wild bruchid seed beetle Bruchidius dorsalis was detected. Assay-guided fractionation of the CHCl3-soluble fraction of the larvae resulted in the isolation of new glycerolipids, designated dorsamin-A763, -A737, -A765, -A739, and -A767, comprising 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-dehydrophenylalanine ester structural units. The ABTS radical scavenging activity of the dorsamin-A's was comparable with or stronger than that of Trolox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Hirose
- Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-Cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
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Arcan O, Ciobică A, Bild W, Dobrin R, Petrariu FD, Cojocaru D. Interactions between the oxidative and nitrosative stress in nociceptive processing in rat. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2012; 116:867-874. [PMID: 23272544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, special emphasis was directed towards the relation between the molecular and cellular alterations produced by free oxygen radicals and the normal and pathologic implications of nitric oxide. Moreover, lately it is believed that a true radical cascade might exist between the reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen during stress of various causes. In this way, their succession would produce a temporal prolongation of the complex cellular alterations produced by stressing aggressions. In the present paper, we were interested in presented some selective aspects regarding the interactions between oxidative and nitrosative stress in the modulation of the nociceptive behavior in rats. We report here a significant correlation between the results of the hot-plate latency time and the values of some oxidative and nitrosative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Arcan
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi Faculty of Biology
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Toyokuni S. [Carcinogenic mechanisms through excess iron and reactive oxygen species and its application to cancer prevention and therapy]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2012; 53:401-408. [PMID: 22687973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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