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Khan A, Johnson George K, Jasrotia RS, Aravind S, Angadi UB, Iquebal MA, Manju KP, Jaiswal S, Umadevi P, Rai A, Kumar D. Plant virus interaction mechanism and associated pathways in mosaic disease of small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) by RNA-Seq approach. Genomics 2020; 112:2041-51. [PMID: 31770586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), grown in limited coastal tropical countries is one of the costliest and widely exported agri-produce having global turnover of >10 billion USD. Mosaic/marble disease is one of the major impediments that requires understanding of disease at molecular level. Neither whole genome sequence nor any genomic resources are available, thus RNA seq approach can be a rapid and economical alternative. De novo transcriptome assembly was done with Illumina Hiseq data. A total of 5317 DEGs, 2267 TFs, 114 pathways and 175,952 genic region putative markers were obtained. Gene regulatory network analysis deciphered molecular events involved in marble disease. This is the first transcriptomic report revealing disease mechanism mediated by perturbation in auxin homeostasis and ethylene signalling leading to senescence. The web-genomic resource (SCMVTDb) catalogues putative molecular markers, candidate genes and transcript information. SCMVTDb can be used in germplasm improvement against mosaic disease in endeavour of small cardamom productivity. Availability of genomic resource, SCMVTDb: http://webtom.cabgrid.res.in/scmvtdb/.
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Narayanan KB, Han SS. Recombinant helical plant virus-based nanoparticles for vaccination and immunotherapy. Virus Genes 2018; 54:623-637. [PMID: 30008053 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-018-1583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant virus-based nanoparticles (PVNs) are self-assembled capsid proteins of plant viruses, and can be virus-like nanoparticles (VLPs) or virus nanoparticles (VNPs). Plant viruses showing helical capsid symmetry are used as a versatile platform for the presentation of multiple copies of well-arrayed immunogenic antigens of various disease pathogens. Helical PVNs are non-infectious, biocompatible, and naturally immunogenic, and thus, they are suitable antigen carriers for vaccine production and can trigger humoral and/or cellular immune responses. Furthermore, recombinant PVNs as vaccines and adjuvants can be expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, and plant expression systems can be used to produce cost-effective antigenic peptides on the surfaces of recombinant helical PVNs. This review discusses various recombinant helical PVNs based on different plant viral capsid shells that have been developed as prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccines against bacterial, viral, and protozoal diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Badri Narayanan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Kumar V, Damodharan S, Pandaranayaka EP, Madathiparambil MG, Tennyson J. Molecular modeling andin-silicoengineering ofCardamom mosaic viruscoat protein for the presentation of immunogenic epitopes ofLeptospiraLipL32. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015; 34:42-56. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1009491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Damodharan S, Gujar R, Pattabiraman S, Nesakumar M, Hanna LE, Vadakkuppattu RD, Usha R. Expression and immunological characterization of cardamom mosaic virus coat protein displaying HIV gp41 epitopes. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 57:374-85. [PMID: 23668610 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The coat protein of cardamom mosaic virus (CdMV), a member of the genus Macluravirus, assembles into virus-like particles when expressed in an Escherichia coli expression system. The N and C-termini of the coat protein were engineered with the Kennedy peptide and the 2F5 and 4E10 epitopes of gp41 of HIV. The chimeric proteins reacted with sera from HIV positive persons and also stimulated secretion of cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from these persons. Thus, a system based on the coat protein of CdMV can be used to display HIV-1 antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Damodharan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalainagar, Madurai 625021, India
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Vijayanandraj S, Yogita M, Das A, Ghosh A, Mandal B. Highly efficient immunodiagnosis of Large cardamom chirke virus using the polyclonal antiserum against Escherichia coli expressed recombinant coat protein. Indian J Virol 2013; 24:227-34. [PMID: 24426280 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-013-0159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Large cardamom chirke virus (LCCV), genus Macluravirus, family Potyviridae is an important constrain in large cardamom production in India. Purification of LCCV from large cardamom tissues is difficult and therefore immunodiagnostic reagents are not available. In the present study, we have successfully expressed coat protein (CP) gene of LCCV in Escherichia coli. The purification of expressed protein by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography was inefficient due to precipitation of protein during renaturation. We have optimized a simple, inexpensive and efficient method for purification of the expressed CP through gel extraction with 5 % SDS followed by renaturation in Milli-Q water, which resulted in high yield (4.7 mg/ml) and good quality of the protein. A higher titer (1:256,000) polyclonal antibody (PAb) to the recombinant CP was produced, which strongly recognized LCCV in crude leaf extract and showed minimal background reaction with the healthy leaf extract in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dot immunobinding assay (DIBA). The sensitivities of the ELISA and DIBA were 5 and 0.1 ng of expressed protein, respectively. Both the ELISA and DIBA were validated with 100 % accuracy in detecting LCCV in field samples. The PAb differentiated Cardamom mosaic virus, another close relative of LCCV. Our study is first to report highly efficient immunodiagnosis with PAb to E. coli expressed recombinant CP of a virus under the genus Macluravirus. The antigen expression construct and PAb developed in the present study will be useful in production of virus free planting materials of large cardamom.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vijayanandraj
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - M Yogita
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Amrita Das
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Regional Station, Kalimpong, 734301 West Bengal India
| | - Amalendu Ghosh
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Regional Station, Kalimpong, 734301 West Bengal India
| | - Bikash Mandal
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012 India
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Jebasingh T, Pandaranayaka EPJ, Mahalakshmi A, Kasin Yadunandam A, Krishnaswamy S, Usha R. Expression, purification and molecular modeling of the NIa protease of Cardamom mosaic virus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2012; 31:602-11. [PMID: 22888800 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2012.706078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The NIa protease of Potyviridae is the major viral protease that processes potyviral polyproteins. The NIa protease coding region of Cardamom mosaic virus (CdMV) is amplified from the viral cDNA, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. NIa protease forms inclusion bodies in E.coli. The inclusion bodies are solubilized with 8 M urea, refolded and purified by Nickel-Nitrilotriacetic acid affinity chromatography. Three-dimensional modeling of the CdMV NIa protease is achieved by threading approach using the homologous X-ray crystallographic structure of Tobacco etch mosaic virus NIa protease. The model gave an insight in to the substrate specificities of the NIa proteases and predicted the complementation of nearby residues in the catalytic triad (H42, D74 and C141) mutants in the cis protease activity of CdMV NIa protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jebasingh
- School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Sherpa AR, Hallan V, Zaidi AA. In Vitro Expression and Production of Antibody Against Cymbidium mosaic virus Coat Protein. Indian J Virol 2012; 23:46-9. [PMID: 23730003 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-012-0069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyclonal rabbit antisera were produced using coat protein of Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) Indian isolate expressed in E. coli as GST fusion. The expressed protein was purified by GST-fusion protein purification kit for use as an immunogen in rabbits. Antisera prepared in this manner reacted in double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS ELISA) with extract from CymMV-infected tissue. The results indicate that polyclonal antisera prepared from expressed CymMV coat proteins were useful for the detection of CymMV in an array of assays. The detection system developed is highly effective for detection of Indian strain of the virus in comparison to kits available in the international market.
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Abstract
Virtually all studies of structure and assembly of viral filaments have been made on plant and bacterial viruses. Structures have been determined using fiber diffraction methods at high enough resolution to construct reliable molecular models or several of the rigid plant tobamoviruses (related to tobacco mosaic virus, TMV) and the filamentous bacteriophages including Pf1 and fd. Lower-resolution structures have been determined for a number of flexible filamentous plant viruses using fiber diffraction and cryo-electron microscopy. Virions of filamentous viruses have numerous mechanical functions, including cell entry, viral disassembly, viral assembly, and cell exit. The plant viruses, which infect multicellular organisms, also use virions or virion-like assemblies for transport within the host. Plant viruses are generally self-assembling; filamentous bacteriophage assembly is combined with secretion from the host cell, using a complex molecular machine. Tobamoviruses and other plant viruses disassemble concomitantly with translation, by various mechanisms and involving various viral and host assemblies. Plant virus movement within the host also makes use of a variety of viral proteins and modified host assemblies.
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Tremblay MH, Majeau N, Gagné MEL, Lecours K, Morin H, Duvignaud JB, Bolduc M, Chouinard N, Paré C, Gagné S, Leclerc D. Effect of mutations K97A and E128A on RNA binding and self assembly of papaya mosaic potexvirus coat protein. FEBS J 2006; 273:14-25. [PMID: 16367744 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.05033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Papaya mosaic potexvirus (PapMV) coat protein (CP) was expressed (CPdeltaN5) in Escherichia coli and showed to self assemble into nucleocapsid like particles (NLPs). Twenty per cent of the purified protein was found as NLPs of 50 nm in length and 80% was found as a multimer of 450 kDa (20 subunits) arranged in a disk. Two mutants in the RNA binding domain of the PapMV CP, K97A and E128A showed interesting properties. The proteins of both mutants could be easily purified and CD spectra of these proteins showed secondary and tertiary structures similar to the WT protein. The mutant K97A was unable to self assemble and bind RNA. On the contrary, the mutant E128A showed an improved affinity for RNA and self assembled more efficiently in NLPs. E128A NLPs were longer (150 nm) than the recombinant CPdeltaN5 and 100% percent of the protein was found as NLPs in bacteria. E128A NLPs were more resistant to digestion by trypsin than the CPdeltaN5 but were more sensitive to denaturation by heat. We discuss the possible role of K97 and E128 in the assembly of PapMV.
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Jacob T, Jebasingh T, Venugopal MN, Usha R. High genetic diversity in the coat protein and 3′ untranslated regions among geographical isolates ofCardamom mosaic virus from south India. J Biosci 2003; 28:589-95. [PMID: 14517362 DOI: 10.1007/bf02703334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A survey was conducted to study the biological and genetic diversity of Cardamom mosaic virus (CdMV) that causes the most widespread disease in the cardamom growing area in the Western Ghats of south India. Six distinct subgroups were derived based on their symptomatology and host range from the sixty isolates collected. The serological variability between the virus isolates was analysed by ELISA and Western blotting. The 3 terminal region consisting of the coat protein (CP) coding sequence and 3 untranslated region (3 UTR) was cloned and sequenced from seven isolates. Sequence comparisons revealed considerable genetic diversity among the isolates in their CP and 3 UTR, making CdMV one of the highly variable members of Potyviridae. The possible occurrence of recombination between the isolates and the movement of the virus in the cardamom tract of south India are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jacob
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, India
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