1
|
Hu M, Zhu Y, Mo Y, Gao X, Miao M, Yu W. Acetylation of citrate synthase inhibits Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus propagation by affecting energy metabolism. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
2
|
Liao J, Zhang C, Ru W, Wang D, Zhang W. Effects of overexpression and inhibited expression of thymosin, an actin-interacting protein from Bombyx mori, on BmNPV proliferation and replication. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 98:e21449. [PMID: 29377233 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous study showed that exogenously applied recombinant thymosin from Bombyx mori (BmTHY) reduces B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) proliferation in silkworm. Which stands to reason that BmTHY in B. mori is crucial for the defense against BmNPV. However, little is known about the effect of endogenously overexpressed or repressed BmTHY on B. mori resistance to virus infection. To study this issue, we constructed an overexpression and inhibited expression systems of BmTHY in BmN cells. The viral titer and the analysis from the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that overexpression of BmTHY decreased the copies of BmNPV gene gp41, which goes over to inhibit the proliferation of BmNPV in BmN cells, while the inhibited expression of BmTHY significantly enhanced viral proliferation in infected BmN cells. These results indicated that endogenous BmTHY can inhibit BmNPV proliferation and replication in infected BmN cells. Furthermore, Co-IP showed that BmTHY could bind to actin in BmN cells. Also, the overexpression or inhibited expression of BmTHY shifted the ratio of F/G-actin in infected BmN cells. Lastly, the BmTHY, an actin-interacting protein, might be one of the key host factors against BmNPV, which inhibits viral proliferation and replication in BmN cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Liao
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Wenjuan Ru
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen L, Shen Y, Yang R, Wu X, Hu W, Shen G. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) Bm64 is required for BV production and per os infection. Virol J 2015; 12:173. [PMID: 26497116 PMCID: PMC4619395 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) orf64 (Bm64, a homologue of ac78) is a core baculovirus gene. Recently, Li et al. reported that Ac78 was not essential for budded viruses (BVs) production and occlusion-derived viruses (ODVs) formation (Virus Res 191:70–82, 2014). Conversely, Tao et al. demonstrated that Ac78 was localized to the BV and ODV envelopes and was required for BV production and ODV formation (J Virol 87:8441–50, 2013). In this study, the function of Bm64 was characterized to determine the role of Bm64 in the BmNPV infection cycle. Method The temporal expression of Bm64 was examined using total RNA extracted from BmNPV-infected BmN cells at different time points by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and 5’ RACE analysis. To determine the functions of Bm64 in viral replication and the viral phenotype throughout the viral life cycle, a deletion virus (vBm64KO) was generated via homologous recombination in Escherichia coli. Viral replication and BV production were determined by real-time PCR. Electron microscopy was used to detect virion morphogenesis. The subcellular localization of Bm64 was determined by microscopy, and per os infectivity was used to determine its role in the baculovirus oral infection cycle. Results Viral plaque and titer assay results showed that a few infectious BVs were produced by vBm64KO, suggesting that deletion of Bm64 affected BV production. Viral DNA replication was detected and polyhedra were observed in vBm64KO-transfected cells. Microscopy analysis revealed that Bm64 was predominantly localized to the ring zone of the nuclei during the infection cycle. Electron microscopy showed that Bm64 was not essential for the formation of ODVs or the subsequent occlusion of ODV into polyhedra. The per os infectivity results showed that the polyhedra of vBm64KO were unable to infect silkworm larvae. Conclusion In conclusion, our results suggest that Bm64 plays an important role in BV production and per os infection, but is not required for viral DNA replication or ODV maturation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0399-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.,Lab of Silkworm Biotechnology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunwang Shen
- Lab of Silkworm Biotechnology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Lab of Silkworm Biotechnology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Lab of Silkworm Biotechnology, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu H, Xu J, Liu Q, Liu TX, Wang D. Ha83, a Chitin Binding Domain Encoding Gene, Is Important to Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus Budded Virus Production and Occlusion Body Assembling. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11088. [PMID: 26057202 PMCID: PMC4460901 DOI: 10.1038/srep11088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicoerpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) ha83 is a late expressed gene that encodes a chitin binding protein. Chitin domain truncation studies revealed that the cysteine at the 128 amino acid position probably played an important role in both chitin binding ability and protein transmission of Ha83. In order to study the function of ha83 in the HearNPV infection cycle, an ha83 knockout HearNPV (Ha83KO) was constructed via homologous recombination. Viral growth and viral DNA replication curves showed that fewer budded virions were produced in Ha83KO transfected cells, while viral DNA replication was increased. Electron microscopy revealed that fewer nucleocapsids were transmitted from virogenic stroma in the Ha83KO transfected cell nucleus, and the morphology of occlusion bodies was prominently larger and cube-shaped. Furthermore, DNA quantity in occlusion bodies of Ha83KO was significantly lower than the occlusion bodies of HaWT. The transcription analysis indicated that these changes may be due to the decreased expression level of viral structural associated genes, such as polyhedrin, p10, pif-2, or cg30 in Ha83KO infected cells. Above results demonstrated that the cysteine at the 128 amino acid position in Ha83 might be the key amino acid, and Ha83 plays an important role in BVs production and OBs assembling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China [2] Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China [2] Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Dun Wang
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China [2] Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF78 is essential for budded virus production and general occlusion body formation. J Virol 2013; 87:8441-50. [PMID: 23698311 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01290-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ORF78 (ac78) of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a baculovirus core gene of unknown function. To determine the role of ac78 in the baculovirus life cycle, an AcMNPV mutant with ac78 deleted, Ac78KO, was constructed. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that ac78 is a late gene in the viral life cycle. After transfection into Spodoptera frugiperda cells, Ac78KO produced a single-cell infection phenotype, indicating that no infectious budded viruses (BVs) were produced. The defect in BV production was also confirmed by both viral titration and Western blotting. However, viral DNA replication was unaffected, and occlusion bodies were formed. An analysis of BVs and occlusion-derived viruses (ODVs) revealed that AC78 is associated with both forms of the virions and is an envelope structural protein. Electron microscopy revealed that AC78 also plays an important role in the embedding of ODV into the occlusion body. The results of this study demonstrate that AC78 is a late virion-associated protein and is essential for the viral life cycle.
Collapse
|
6
|
Oliveira JVDC, Wolff JLC, Garcia-Maruniak A, Ribeiro BM, de Castro MEB, de Souza ML, Moscardi F, Maruniak JE, Zanotto PMDA. Genome of the most widely used viral biopesticide: Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. J Gen Virol 2006; 87:3233-3250. [PMID: 17030857 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate 2D (AgMNPV-2D), which is the most extensively used virus pesticide in the world, was completely sequenced and shown to have 132 239 bp (G+C content 44.5 mol%) and to be capable of encoding 152 non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). Three ORFs were unique to AgMNPV-2D, one of which (ag31) had similarity to eukaryotic poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. The lack of chiA and v-cath may explain some of the success and growth of the AgMNPV biological control programme, as it may explain the high recovery of polyhedra sequestered inside dead larvae in the field, which are collected and used for further application as biological pesticides in soybean fields. The genome organization was similar to that of the Choristoneura fumiferana defective MNPV (CfDefNPV). Most of the variation between the two genomes took place near highly repetitive regions, which were also closely associated with bro-coding regions. The separation of the NPVs into groups I and II was supported by: (i) a phenogram of the complete genomes of 28 baculovirus and Heliothis zea virus 1, (ii) the most parsimonious reconstruction of gene content along the phenograms and (iii) comparisons of genomic features. Moreover, these data also reinforced the notion that group I of the NPVs can be split further into the AgMNPV lineage (AgMNPV, CfDefNPV, Epiphyas postvittana NPV, Orgyia pseudotsugata MNPV and C. fumiferana MNPV), sharing eight defining genes, and the Autographa californica MNPV (AcMNPV) lineage (AcMNPV, Rachiplusia ou NPV and Bombyx mori NPV), sharing nine defining genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Velasco de Castro Oliveira
- Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bionformática, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Caldas Wolff
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Núcleo Integrado de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Garcia-Maruniak
- Entomology and Nematology Department, PO Box 110620, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620, USA
| | | | | | - Marlinda Lobo de Souza
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia-Núcleo Temático de Controle Biológico (NTCB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - James Edward Maruniak
- Entomology and Nematology Department, PO Box 110620, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620, USA
| | - Paolo Marinho de Andrade Zanotto
- Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bionformática, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
ZHU SY, WANG WB, ZHU J. Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the gp41 Gene of Clanis bilineata Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1671-2927(06)60125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
8
|
Wen R, Ou R, Chen B. Identification, transcriptional and phylogenetic analysis of the DNA polymerase gene of Pieris rapae granulovirus. Virus Genes 2006; 34:351-8. [PMID: 16927126 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-006-0020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Accepted: 05/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The DNA polymerase gene (dnapol) of the Pieris rapae granulovirus (PiraGV) was completely sequenced and located between 73.1 and 76 m.u. on the PiraGV genome. Its open reading frame (ORF) has 3135 nucleotides (35% G-C content) encoding 1045 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 122.16 kDa. Homology analysis indicated that PiraGV dnapol had 28-66% amino acid identity to that of other known baculoviruses. Comparative sequence analyses demonstrated that the PiraGV dnapol gene contains conserved 3'-5' exonuclease motifs and DNA binding functional domains of the DNA polymerase enzyme found in all known baculovirus dnapols. Northern blot results showed that in infected Pieris rapae larvae the PiraGV dnapol gene was transcribed as a predominant 3.7 kb mRNA. 5' and 3' RACE indicated that the PiraGV dnapol transcript was initiated from the thymine residue located at -378 nt upstream from the ATG start codon and terminated at the polyadenylation signal AATAAA. Phylogenetic analysis of dnapol sequences suggests that the PiraGV dnapol is more closely related to that of Cydia pomonella GV and Cryptophlebia leucotreta GV than to those of other baculoviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Wen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dalmolin CC, da Silva FR, Mello LV, Rigden DJ, Castro MEB. Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the DNA polymerase gene of Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virus Res 2005; 110:99-109. [PMID: 15845260 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2005.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2004] [Revised: 01/25/2005] [Accepted: 01/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The DNA polymerase from Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) was identified and sequenced, and its amino acid sequence was compared with other viral DNA polymerases to identify conserved regions and to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree. The sequence analysis of the AgMNPV DNA polymerase gene revealed the presence of a 2976 nucleotides open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 991 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 114.7 kDa. Among the baculovirus DNA polymerase genes identified to date, the AgMNPV DNA polymerase gene shared maximum amino acid sequence identity with the DNA polymerase gene of Choristoneura fumiferana nucleopolyhedrovirus defective strain (CfDEFNPV) (94%). The alignment of 140 virus sequences, 23 of them from baculovirus, showed that, of the 10 conserved regions identified, 5 are exclusive to baculoviruses (R1, R5, R9, R6 and R10), only 2 of them (R6 and R10) previously described as such in the literature. Our analysis, based on their positions in the AgMNPV DNA polymerase model, suggests that R9 and R10 could interact with DNA. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA polymerase sequences places the enzyme from AgMNPV within the cluster containing the polymerases of Group I Nucleopolyhedrovirus and suggests that the AgMNPV DNA polymerase is more closely related to that of CfDEFNPV than to those of other baculoviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caren Cristina Dalmolin
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica (PqEB), W5 Norte Final, CEP 70770-900 Brasília DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pan L, Li Z, Gong Y, Yu M, Yang K, Pang Y. Characterization of gp41 gene of Spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virus Res 2005; 110:73-9. [PMID: 15845257 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2005.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 01/10/2005] [Accepted: 01/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltMNPV) gp41 gene is 993 bp long and the protein encoded by this gene has 6-66% amino acid identities with other known baculovirus GP41 proteins. Slgp41 transcripts were detected from 12 to 96 h post-infection (p.i.) and the mRNA start site was mapped within a consensus baculovirus late promoter sequence (ATAAG). Western blot analysis of extracts from SpltMNPV-infected S. litura cells detected a 41 kDa protein, and this protein was present in the nucleus of infected cells from 12 to 96 h p.i., whereas in the cytoplasm from 24 to 96 h p.i. Structural localization confirmed that SlGP41 is associated with the envelope of occlusion-derived virus (ODV). Lectin-binding assay showed that three lectins erythrina cristaglli lectin (ECL), lycopersicon esculentum lectin (LEL), and bandeiraea simlicifolia lectin (BSL) recognizing N-acetylglucosamine were specifically bound to SlGP41. It was proposed that SlGP41 is an O-glycoprotein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lauzon HAM, Jamieson PB, Krell PJ, Arif BM. Gene organization and sequencing of the Choristoneura fumiferana defective nucleopolyhedrovirus genome. J Gen Virol 2005; 86:945-961. [PMID: 15784888 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.80489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two distinct nucleopolyhedrovirus species of the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, exist in a symbiont-like relationship. C. fumiferana defective nucleopolyhedrovirus (CfDEFNPV) only infects C. fumiferana larvae per os in the presence of C. fumiferana nucleopolyhedrovirus Ireland strain (CfMNPV), but is infective when injected into the haemolymph. CfDEFNPV synergizes CfMNPV in per os infections and CfMNPV is always the predominant progeny. This study was undertaken to report the genomic makeup and organization of CfDEFNPV in an attempt to identify its defect and understand its synergistic role. The genome was mapped, sequenced, characterized and compared to other baculoviruses. The CfDEFNPV genome was 131 160 nt long with 149 putative open reading frames (ORFs) and a G+C content of 45·8 mol%. Homologues of all 62 conserved lepidopteran baculovirus genes were found including those implicated in per os infectivity, p74, per os infectivity factor (pif) and pif-2. Although no obvious deletions were observed to explain the defect, two ORFs, Cfdef79 and Cfdef99 (inhibitor of apoptosis-4), contained potential deletions. Cfdef50 (late expression factor-10)/Cfdef51 (vp1054) and Cfdef76/Cfdef77 (telokin-like protein) had large overlaps and a potential homologue to ac105/he65 was split. Four baculovirus repeat ORFs were present, as were two unique genes, but no enhancins were identified. CfDEFNPV contained 13 homologous regions, each with one to five palindromes. Comparison with fully sequenced baculovirus genomes identified CfDEFNPV as a group I NPV with the closest average amino acid identity to Epiphyas postvittana NPV, followed by Orgyia pseudotsugata MNPV and CfMNPV, with its closest matches being to individual Anticarsia gemmatalis MNPV gene sequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A M Lauzon
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada, P6A 2E5
| | - Peter B Jamieson
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada, P6A 2E5
| | - Peter J Krell
- Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Basil M Arif
- Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada, P6A 2E5
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Herniou EA, Olszewski JA, O'Reilly DR, Cory JS. Ancient coevolution of baculoviruses and their insect hosts. J Virol 2004; 78:3244-51. [PMID: 15016845 PMCID: PMC371050 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.78.7.3244-3251.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2003] [Accepted: 12/10/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
If the relationships between baculoviruses and their insect hosts are subject to coevolution, this should lead to long-term evolutionary effects such as the specialization of these pathogens for their hosts. To test this hypothesis, a phylogeny of the Baculoviridae, including 39 viruses from hosts of the orders Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera, was reconstructed based on sequences from the genes lef-8 and ac22. The tree showed a clear division of the baculoviruses according to the order of their hosts. This division highlighted the need to reconsider the classification of the baculoviruses to include one or possibly two new genera. Furthermore, the specialization of distinct virus lineages to particular insect orders suggests ancient coevolutionary interactions between baculoviruses and their hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Herniou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pilloff MG, Bilen MF, Belaich MN, Lozano ME, Ghiringhelli PD. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the Anticarsia gemmatalis multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus GP64 glycoprotein. Virus Genes 2003; 26:57-69. [PMID: 12680694 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022382106174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The gp64 locus of Anticarsia gemmatalis multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate Santa Fe (AgMNPV-SF) was characterised molecularly in our laboratory. To this end, we have located and cloned a AgMNPV-SF genomic DNA fragment containing the gp64 gene and sequenced the complete gp64 locus. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that the AgMNPV gp64 gene consists of a 1500 nucleotide open reading frame (ORF), encoding a protein of 499 amino acids. Of the seven gp64 homologues identified to date, the AgMNPV gp64 ORF shared most sequence similarity with the gp64 gene of Orgyia pseudotsugata MNPV. The GP64 from AgMNPV is the smallest baculoviral envelope glycoprotein found to date, differing in 10 or more residues from the other group I nucleopolyhedroviruses. The biological activity of AgMNPV GP64 protein was assessed by cell fusion assays in UFL-AG-286 cells using the obtained recombinant plasmids. In the upstream and downstream regions, relative to the gp64 ORF, we found different conserved transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory elements, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Gabriela Pilloff
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular (LIGBCM), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 180, 1876 Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nielsen CB, Cooper D, Short SM, Myers JH, Suttle CA. DNA polymerase gene sequences indicate western and forest tent caterpillar viruses form a new taxonomic group within baculoviruses. J Invertebr Pathol 2002; 81:131-47. [PMID: 12507483 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2011(02)00191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Baculoviruses infect larval lepidopterans, and thus have potential value as microbial controls of agricultural and forest pests. Understanding their genetic relatedness and host specificity is relevant to the risk assessment of viral insecticides if non-target impacts are to be avoided. DNA polymerase gene sequences have been demonstrated to be useful for inferring genetic relatedness among dsDNA viruses. We have adopted this approach to examine the relatedness among natural isolates of two uncharacterized caterpillar-infecting baculoviruses, Malacosoma californicum pluviale nucleopolyhedrovirus (McplMNPV) and Malacosoma disstria nucleopolyhedrovirus (MadiMNPV), which infect two closely related host species with little to no cross-infectivity. We designed two degenerate primers (BVP1 and BVP2) based on protein motifs conserved among baculoviruses. McplMNPV and MadiMNPV viral DNA was obtained from naturally infected caterpillars collected from geographically distinct sites in the Southern Gulf Islands and Prince George regions of British Columbia, Canada. Sequencing of 0.9 kb PCR amplicons from six McplMNPV and six MadiMNPV isolates obtained from a total of eight sites, revealed very low nucleotide variation among McplMNPV isolates (99.2-100% nucleotide identity) and among MadiMNPV isolates (98.9-100% nucleotide identity). Greater nucleotide variation was observed between viral isolates from the two different caterpillar species (only 84.7-86.1% nucleotide identity). Both maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses support placement of McplMNPV and MadiMNPV in a clade that is distinct from other groups of baculoviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cydney B Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, BC, V6T 1Z4, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Razuck FB, Ribeiro B, Vargas JH, Wolff JL, Ribeiro BM. Characterization of the p10 gene region of Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus. Virus Genes 2002; 24:243-7. [PMID: 12086145 DOI: 10.1023/a:1015328516018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) p10 gene region was cloned, sequenced and the putative p10 gene expression characterized by Northern-blot analysis. Sequence analysis of the p10 gene region indicated the presence of two complete open reading frames (ORFs) of 713 and 281 nucleotides, which codes for polypeptides of 273 and 93 amino acids, with homology to the P26 and P10 proteins of baculoviruses, respectively. Two additional partial ORFs, coding for partial polypeptides of 110 and 146 amino acids, showed homology to the p22.2 gene of Choristoneura fumiferana nucleopolyhedrovirus (CfMNPV) and p74 genes of different baculoviruses, respectively. A small ORF of 224 nucleotides coding for a protein of 74 amino acids showed homology to the 3'-end of the early p94 gene of AcMNPV. A putative baculovirus very late promoter motif TAAG was identified in the 5'-non-translated region (5'-UTR) at position-54 upstream of the start codon. The consensus polyadenylation sequence AATAAA is present 146nt downstream of the termination codon and the p10 ORF is flanked by the p26 and p74 ORFs. Homology comparisons showed that the P10 protein of AgMNPV is most closely related (82% amino acid sequence identity) to the P10 from the Orgyia pseudotsugata nucleopolyhedrovirus (OpMNPV). Transcriptional analysis of the AgMNPV p10 gene showed that p10-specific transcripts could be detected late in infection.
Collapse
|
16
|
Herniou EA, Olszewski JA, Cory JS, O'Reilly DR. The genome sequence and evolution of baculoviruses. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2001; 48:211-234. [PMID: 12414741 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.48.091801.112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Comparative analysis of the complete genome sequences of 13 baculoviruses revealed a core set of 30 genes, 20 of which have known functions. Phylogenetic analyses of these 30 genes yielded a tree with 4 major groups: the genus Granulovirus (GVs), the group I and II lepidopteran nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs), and the dipteran NPV, CuniNPV. These major divisions within the family Baculoviridae were also supported by phylogenies based on gene content and gene order. Gene content mapping has revealed the patterns of gene acquisitions and losses that have taken place during baculovirus evolution, and it has highlighted the fluid nature of baculovirus genomes. The identification of shared protein phylogenetic profiles provided evidence for two putative DNA repair systems and for viral proteins specific for infection of lymantrid hosts. Examination of gene order conservation revealed a core gene cluster of four genes, helicase, lef-5, ac96, and 38K(ac98), whose relative positions are conserved in all baculovirus genomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Herniou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Moser BA, Becnel JJ, White SE, Afonso C, Kutish G, Shanker S, Almira E. Morphological and molecular evidence that Culex nigripalpus baculovirus is an unusual member of the family Baculoviridae. J Gen Virol 2001; 82:283-297. [PMID: 11161265 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-82-2-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present evidence that a newly discovered mosquito virus from Culex nigripalpus is an unusual member of the family BACULOVIRIDAE: Development of this virus was restricted to nuclei of midgut epithelial cells in the gastric caeca and posterior stomach. The globular occlusion bodies were not enveloped, measured around 400 nm in diameter, occurred exclusively in nuclei of infected cells and typically contained four, sometimes up to eight, virions. The developmental sequence involved two virion phenotypes: an occluded form (ODV) that initiated infection in the midgut epithelial cells, and a budded form that spread the infection in the midgut. Each ODV contained one rod-shaped enveloped nucleocapsid (40x200 nm). The double-stranded DNA genome was approximately 105-110 kbp with an estimated GC content of 52%. We have sequenced approximately one-third of the genome and detected 96 putative ORFs of 50 amino acids or more including several genes considered to be unique to baculoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences of DNApol and p74 placed this virus in a separate clade from the genera NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS: and GRANULOVIRUS: We provisionally assign this virus in the genus NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS:, henceforth abbreviated as CuniNPV (for Culex nigripalpus nucleopolyhedrovirus), and suggest that, awaiting additional data to clarify its taxonomic status, it may be a member of a new genus within the family BACULOVIRIDAE:
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina A Moser
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600/1700 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA
| | - James J Becnel
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600/1700 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA
| | - Susan E White
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600/1700 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA
| | - Claudio Afonso
- USDA/ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Plum Island, New York, USA2
| | - Gerald Kutish
- USDA/ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Plum Island, New York, USA2
| | - Savita Shanker
- Sequencing Core Facility of the ICBR, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA3
| | - Ernesto Almira
- Sequencing Core Facility of the ICBR, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA3
| |
Collapse
|