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Tagami K, Yasutaka T, Takada M, Uchida S. Aggregated transfer factor of 137Cs in wild edible mushrooms collected in 2016-2020 for long-term internal dose assessment use. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 237:106664. [PMID: 34082364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of edible wild mushrooms collected in areas contaminated with radiocesium released from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident may pose a risk of internal dose to their consumers. A species-specific aggregated transfer factor (Tag), which is calculated using radiocesium concentration in a wild mushroom species (Bq kg-1 wet mass [WM]) divided by the total concentration in the soil surface area (Bq m-2), would be a useful tool to estimate the dose from wild mushrooms by ingestion. In this study, we especially focused on the Tag data collected in 2016-2020 to use these values for a long-term dose assessment. We assumed that 137Cs concentrations after that year were almost the same, thus the soil-mushroom system would be in an apparent steady-state condition. In all, we could obtain Tag values of 137Cs in 62 edible wild mushroom species native to Japan. The geometric mean (GM) values were 1.5 × 10-3 m2 kg-1 WM using GMs of 13 saprobic type species and 5.0 × 10-3 m2 kg-1 WM using GMs of 21 mycorrhizal type species (N > 2). On average, the GMs of species-specific Tag values were 1.9 ± 0.9 times higher than those reported in a previous study of wild mushrooms made after the FDNPP accident, probably due to the different approaches for Tag calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tagami
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Yasutaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan
| | - Momo Takada
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan
| | - Shigeo Uchida
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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Tucaković I, Barišić D, Grahek Ž, Kasap A, Širić I. 137Cs in mushrooms from Croatia sampled 15-30 years after Chernobyl. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 181:147-151. [PMID: 29150187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to select species with higher potential to accumulate 137Cs among the available mushroom species, by determining the activity concentrations of 137Cs in mushrooms collected along north and north-western part of Croatia. A total of 55 samples of 14 different species were analyzed and the potential of mycorrhizal and saprotrophic species to accumulate 137Cs was compared. A wide range of the dry weight activity concentrations of 137Cs was detected, ranging from 0.95 to 1210 Bq/kg (154 Bq/kg mean value; 52.3 Bq/kg geometric mean) in mycorrhizal and 1.05-36.8 Bq/kg (8.90 Bq/kg mean value; 5.49 Bq/kg geometric mean) in saprotrophic species. Statistical analyses showed that mycorrhizal species accumulate significantly higher concentrations of 137Cs and thus could perform better as long-term bioindicators of environmental pollution by radiocaesium then saprotrophic species. The comparison of Boletus sp. and Hydnum repandum (both mycorrhizal species commonly found in Croatia) showed, in general order of magnitude, higher accumulation in Hydnum repandum. Clearly, mushrooms, especially mycorrhizal species, can be used as significant indicators even decades after the occurrence of any serious 137Cs contamination event. However, as a wide range of values indicates that various parameters may influence the total uptake of the 137Cs into the mushroom fruit bodies, it is necessary to emphasize that 137Cs activity detected in a single mushroom sample is very site-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Tucaković
- Laboratory for Radioecology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, PO Box 160, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Delko Barišić
- Laboratory for Radioecology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, PO Box 160, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Grahek
- Laboratory for Radioecology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, PO Box 160, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ante Kasap
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Širić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Ishii Y, Hayashi S, Takamura N. Radiocesium Transfer in Forest Insect Communities after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171133. [PMID: 28125745 PMCID: PMC5268780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand radiocesium transfer in the forest insect food web, we investigated the activity concentrations of radiocesium in forest insects in the Fukushima and Ibaraki Prefectures approximately 1.5–2.5 years after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. We analyzed 34 species of insects sampled from 4 orders and 4 feeding functional groups (herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, and detritivore) from three sites in each prefecture. 137Cs activity concentrations were lowest in herbivorous species and were especially high in detritivorous and omnivorous species that feed on forest litter and fungi. Radiocesium activity concentrations in any given species reflected the degree of contamination of that species’ primary food sources since radiocesium activity concentrations were found to be the lowest in leaves and grass and the highest in litter, bark, and fungi. This study confirmed that litter and other highly contaminated forest components such as fungi, decaying wood, bryophytes, and lichens serve as sources of 137Cs transfer into the forest insect community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Ishii
- Environmental Impact Assessment Section, Fukushima Branch, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Miharu Town, Tamura County, Fukushima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Seiji Hayashi
- Environmental Impact Assessment Section, Fukushima Branch, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Miharu Town, Tamura County, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Noriko Takamura
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Marčiulionienė D, Lukšienė B, Jefanova O. Accumulation and translocation peculiarities of (137)Cs and (40)K in the soil--plant system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2015; 150:86-92. [PMID: 26301832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Long-term investigations (1996-2008) were conducted into the (137)Cs and (40)K in the soil of forests, swamps and meadows in different regions of Lithuania, as well as in the plants growing in these media. The (137)Cs and (40)K activity concentrations, the (137)Cs/(40)K activity concentration ratio and accumulation, and translocation in the system, i.e. from the soil to plant roots to above-ground plant part of these radionuclides, were evaluated after gamma-spectrometric measurements using a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. Based on the obtained data, it can be asserted that in the tested plant species, the (137)Cs and (40)K accumulation, the transfer from soil to roots and translocation within the plants depend on the plant species and environmental ecological conditions. The (137)Cs/(40)K activity concentration ratios in the same plant species in different regions of Lithuania are different and this ratio depends on the biotope (forest, swamp or meadow) in which the plant grows and on the location of the growing region. Based on the determined trends of statistically reliable inverse dependence between the activity concentrations in both soil and plants, it can be stated that the exchange of (137)Cs and (40)K in plants and soil is different. Different accumulations and translocations of investigated radionuclides in the same plant species indicate diverse biological metabolism of (137)Cs and its chemical analogue (40)K in plants. A competitive relationship exists between (137)Cs and (40)K in plants as well as in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benedikta Lukšienė
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanorių Ave. 231, LT-02300, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Olga Jefanova
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania; Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Radioactivity in mushrooms: A health hazard? Food Chem 2014; 154:14-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wood MD, Leah RT, Jones SR, Copplestone D. Radionuclide transfer to invertebrates and small mammals in a coastal sand dune ecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2009; 407:4062-4074. [PMID: 19345398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
International intercomparisons of models to assess the impact of ionising radiation on wildlife have identified radionuclide transfer assumptions as a significant source of uncertainty in the modelling process. There is a need to improve the underpinning data sets on radionuclide transfer to reduce this uncertainty, especially for poorly-studied ecosystems such as coastal sand dunes. This paper presents the results of the first published study of radionuclide transfer to invertebrates and small mammals in a coastal sand dune ecosystem. Activity concentrations of (137)Cs, (238)Pu, (239+240)Pu and (241)Am are reported for detritivorous, herbivorous, carnivorous and omnivorous biota. Differences in activity concentrations measured in the sand dune biota are related to the trophic level of the organisms and the influence of sea-to-land transfer is apparent in the food chain transfer observed at the site. There are notable differences in the concentration ratios (CRs) calculated for the sand dune biota compared to other terrestrial ecosystems, especially for the small mammals which have CRs that are two orders of magnitude lower than the generic terrestrial ecosystem CRs published by the recent EC EURATOM ERICA project. The lower CRs at the sand dunes may be due to the influence of other cations from the marine environment (e.g. K and Na) on the net radionuclide transfer observed, but further research is required to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Wood
- Institute for Sustainable Water Integrated Management and Ecosystem Research/School of Biological Sciences, Nicholson Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom.
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Butkus D, Lukšienė B, Konstantinova M. Evaluation of 137Cs soil-to-plant transfer: Natural and model experiments. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-007-7218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Beresford NA, Barnett CL, Howard BJ, Scott WA, Brown JE, Copplestone D. Derivation of transfer parameters for use within the ERICA Tool and the default concentration ratios for terrestrial biota. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2008; 99:1393-1407. [PMID: 18406022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An ability to predict radionuclide activity concentrations in biota is a requirement of any method assessing the exposure of biota to ionising radiation. Within the ERICA Tool fresh weight whole-body activity concentrations in organisms are estimated using concentration ratios (the ratio of the activity concentration in the organism to the activity concentration in an environmental media). This paper describes the methodology used to derive the default terrestrial ecosystem concentration ratio database available within the ERICA Tool and provides details of the provenance of each value for terrestrial reference organisms. As the ERICA Tool considers 13 terrestrial reference organisms and the radioisotopes of 31 elements, a total of 403 concentration ratios were required for terrestrial reference organisms. Of these, 129 could be derived from literature review. The approaches taken for selecting the remaining values are described. These included, for example, assuming values for similar reference organisms and/or biogeochemically similar elements, and various simple modelling approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Beresford
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, CEH-Lancaster, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.
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Duff MC, Ramsey ML. Accumulation of radiocesium by mushrooms in the environment: a literature review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2008; 99:912-932. [PMID: 18191312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During the last 50 years, a large amount of information on radionuclide accumulators or "sentinel-type" organisms in the environment has been published. Much of this work focused on the risks of food-chain transfer of radionuclides to higher organisms such as reindeer and man. Until the 1980s and 1990s, there were few published data on the radiocesium ((134)Cs and (137)Cs) accumulation by mushrooms. The present review of published data for (134,137)Cs accumulation by mushrooms in nature discusses the aspects that promote (134,137)Cs uptake by mushrooms and focuses on mushrooms that demonstrate a propensity for use in the environmental biomonitoring of radiocesium contamination. Transfer factors (TF, as dry weight concentration in fruiting body divided by concentration in substrate) ranged up to 24 (unitless), and aggregate transfer factors (T(ag), as Bq(137)Cs/kg dw in fruiting body divided by the aerial deposition as Bq/m(2)) ranged up to 8m(2)/kg dw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine C Duff
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Building 773-42A, Room 228, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808, United States.
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