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Vaillant CL, Bruand M, Corre P. Can a Predetermined Grid and Multidisciplinary Consultation Improve the Description of Cleft lip with or Without Cleft Palate? Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:1143-1148. [PMID: 36802821 DOI: 10.1177/10556656231156708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) grid and multidisciplinary consultation (maxillofacial surgeon-sonographer) during prenatal US imaging to improve the sensitivity of prenatal description for cleft lip (CL) with or without alveolar cleft (CLA) or +/- cleft palate (CLP). DESIGN Retrospective study of children with CL/P in a tertiary children's Hospital. SETTING Single-center cohort study conducted in a tertiary pediatric Hospital. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS Fifty-nine cases of prenatally diagnosed CL +/-CA or CP between January 2009 and December 2017 were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The correlation was analyzed between prenatal US and postnatal data with regard to eight 2D US criteria (upper lip, alveolar ridge, median maxillary bud, homolateral nostril subsidence, deviated nasal septum, hard palate, tongue movement, nasal cushion flux) in order to propose them in a grid, as well as the presence of the maxillofacial surgeon during the US examination. RESULTS Among the 38 cases included, the results were considered satisfied for 87%. Sixty five percent of the US criteria were described when the final diagnosis was correct (5.2 criteria) versus (vs) 45% (3.6 criteria); [OR = 2.28; IC95% (1.10-4.75) P = .022 < 0.05]. This study also highlighted a more in-depth description when the maxillofacial surgeon was present with 68% of 2D US criteria fulfilled (5.4 criteria) vs 47.5% (3.8) when the sonographer was alone [OR = 2.32; IC95% (1.34-4.06) P < .001]. CONCLUSION This US grid with eight criteria has considerably contributed to a more precise prenatal description. In addition, the systematic multidisciplinary consultation seemed to optimize it and lead to better prenatal information on pathology and postnatal surgical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariette Bruand
- Department of gynaecology obstetric, CHU Nantes, Nantes cedex, France
| | - Pierre Corre
- Department of stomatology, CHU Nantes, Nantes cedex, France
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Knüppe TBA, Haj M, Strabbing EM, Wolvius EB, Carvajal Monroy PL. Developmental characteristics of the permanent upper lateral incisor in unilateral cleft lip and palate. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:909-917. [PMID: 38358562 PMCID: PMC11144675 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-024-01226-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to provide insights into the developmental characteristics of the upper lateral incisor in individuals with unilateral clefts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Panoramic radiographs of a consistent group of Caucasian children taken over time (ages 6, 9, and 12) were extensively reviewed. The study assessed the distribution pattern, eruption path, tooth development, and crown size of the upper lateral incisor within the cleft region. RESULTS The most commonly observed distribution pattern was the lateral incisor located distal to the cleft, accounting for 49.2% of cases. Furthermore, a significant delay in tooth development of the upper lateral incisor on the cleft side was noted at ages 6 and 9 (p > 0.001). Compared with the non-cleft side, these incisors often erupted along the alveolar cleft and exhibited microdontia (88.3%, p < 0.041). CONCLUSION Lateral incisors on the cleft side display unique distribution patterns, microdontia, and delayed tooth development. Careful monitoring of the cuspid eruption is essential, as it can influence the eruption of the lateral incisor. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A comprehensive understanding of the development of the upper lateral incisor relative to the cleft is vital for determining its prognosis over time. The position of the upper lateral incisor can also influence the timing and prognosis of secondary alveolar bone grafting. Preserving the upper lateral incisor favors arch length, perimeter, and symmetry in individuals with unilateral clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim B A Knüppe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mona Haj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elske M Strabbing
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eppo B Wolvius
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paola L Carvajal Monroy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Applebaum SA, Aronson S, Termanini KM, Gosain AK. Evidence-Based Practices in Cleft Palate Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:448e-461e. [PMID: 38266141 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000011035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this article, the participant should be able to: (1) Understand the embryologic origins, cause, and incidence of cleft palate. (2) Review the anatomy and common classifications of cleft palate and associated defects. (3) Describe surgical techniques for palatoplasty and understand their respective indications. (4) Gain an awareness of general perioperative care considerations, timing of repair, and risk factors for and operative mitigation of complications. SUMMARY Cleft palate affects 0.1 to 1.1 per 1000 births, with a higher incidence in certain ethnic groups but affecting both sexes equally. Cleft palate may occur in isolation or in combination with cleft lip or in association with other congenital anomalies including various syndromes. The goals of cleft palate repair are to anatomically separate the oral and nasal cavities for normal feeding and improved speech and minimize the risk of oronasal fistulas, velopharyngeal dysfunction, and disruption of facial growth. This review discusses the incidence, causes, and classification of cleft palate; surgical techniques for palatoplasty and perioperative patient management; and complications of palatoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Applebaum
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Sofia Aronson
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Kareem M Termanini
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Arun K Gosain
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Taritsa IC, Ledwon JK, Bajaj A, Gosain AK. 12-Year Trends of Orofacial Clefts in the United States: Highlighting Racial/Ethnic Differences in Prevalence of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024:10556656241227033. [PMID: 38291621 DOI: 10.1177/10556656241227033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in prevalence among infants with orofacial clefts are public health research priorities. Our objective was to calculate updated estimated prevalence of orofacial clefts in the United States, with sub-analyses by racial/ethnic group. DESIGN The National Birth Defect Prevention Network database was used to evaluate trends in cases with orofacial cleft in the United States from 2006 to 2018. Cases with cleft lip with and without cleft palate (CL ± P) and cleft palate (CP) alone were sub-stratified by racial/ethnic category. Estimated prevalence was calculated using the total live births reported in each maternal racial/ethnic group. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated to measure the strength of association between racial/ethnic group and risk of orofacial clefts. RESULTS Estimated prevalence rates show that maternally-reported Native American/Alaskan Native individuals were 43.8% (p < 0.0001) and 36.0% (p < 0.0001) more likely to have CL ± P and CP alone, respectively, compared to maternally-reported non-Hispanic White individuals. Estimated prevalence of CL ± P in maternally-reported non-Hispanic Black individuals (OR = 0.64) and maternally-reported Asians/Pacific Islander individuals were significantly lower than in maternally-reported non-Hispanic White individuals (OR = 0.63, p < 0.0001). Estimated prevalence of CP alone was significantly lower in maternally-reported non-Hispanic Black individuals (OR = 0.64, p < 0.0001), maternally-reported Asians/Pacific Islander individuals (OR = 0.69, p < 0.0001), and maternally-reported Hispanic individuals (OR = 0.81, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Across the total population, there was no significant change in estimated orofacial cleft prevalence. However, there were significant disproportions in estimated orofacial cleft prevalence across racial/ethnic groups, which may guide further discussion among craniofacial health care providers and centers and their patients regarding differences in cleft risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulianna C Taritsa
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanna K Ledwon
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anitesh Bajaj
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arun K Gosain
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kalantar-Hormozi A, Chitsazan M, Davai NR, Eghbali Zarch A, Manafi A, Mozafari N, Saberi Ghouchani A, Azhdari K, Shahverdiani R, Ashabyamin M, Tarahomi M, Shams Hojjati Y, Sheikhi A, Kalantar-Hormozi H, Manafi N, Poudineh M. The Road Less Traveled: The Marham National Health Institute's Journey on Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery Missions. World J Plast Surg 2024; 13:3-15. [PMID: 38742029 PMCID: PMC11088737 DOI: 10.61186/wjps.13.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital cleft lip and palate represent the prevailing craniofacial birth anomalies on a global scale. Notably, a substantial proportion of patients within remote regions of Iran defer corrective surgery until later stages of life, often in childhood or adulthood, primarily due to intricate financial and cultural constraints. In response to this pressing healthcare challenge, a dedicated collective of volunteer plastic surgeons was established in 2009 with the explicit aim of providing medical care to these underserved patients. Over the subsequent years, this compassionate team embarked on 31 meticulously planned missions to underprivileged areas scattered across the country. Through these organized endeavors, a remarkable total of 20,579 medical visits were conducted, coupled with the performance of 2,303 essential surgeries, thus offering a lifeline of healthcare to these disadvantaged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoljalil Kalantar-Hormozi
- Department of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, 15 Khordad Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ahmad Eghbali Zarch
- Anesthesiology Research Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Manafi
- Department of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Mozafari
- Department of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, 15 Khordad Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kamyar Azhdari
- Department of plastic surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Shahverdiani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell, Georgetown Medical University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Mahmoudreza Ashabyamin
- Department of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | - Abdolreza Sheikhi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Taleqhani Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Navid Manafi
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sanchez MLN, Swartz MD, Langlois PH, Canfield MA, Agopian A. Epidemiology of Nonsyndromic, Orofacial Clefts in Texas: Differences by Cleft Type and Presence of Additional Defects. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023; 60:789-803. [PMID: 35225696 PMCID: PMC11104489 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221080932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To describe the current epidemiology of nonsyndromic cleft palate alone (CP) and cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± P) in Texas and examine differences in the characteristics of infants with CP and CL ± P based on the presence/absence of additional defects. We used data from the Texas Birth Defects Registry, a statewide active birth defect surveillance system, from 1815 cases with CP and 5066 with CL ± P, without a syndrome diagnosis (1999-2014 deliveries). All live births in Texas were used for comparison. Poisson regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for each characteristic, separately for each cleft subphenotype. The prevalence of CL ± P and CP in our study was estimated as 8.3 and 3.0 per 10 000 live births, respectively. After adjusting for several characteristics, several factors were associated with CL ± P, CP, or both, including infant sex and maternal race/ethnicity, age, smoking, and diabetes. There were several differences between infants with isolated versus nonisolated clefts. For example, maternal prepregnancy diabetes was associated with an increased prevalence of CL ± P (aPR 7.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.53, 11.30) and CP (aPR 3.24, 95% CI: 1.43, 7.36), but only when additional defects were present. Findings from this study provide a contemporary description of the distribution of orofacial clefts in Texas accounting for differences between isolated and nonisolated clefts. They may contribute to increasing our understanding of the etiology of CP and CL ± P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Navarro Sanchez
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael D. Swartz
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter H. Langlois
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mark A. Canfield
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA
| | - A.J. Agopian
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
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de Vries IAC, Guillaume CHAL, Penris WM, Eligh AM, Eijkemans RMJC, Kon M, Breugem CC, van Dijk MWG. The relation between clinically diagnosed and parent-reported feeding difficulties in children with and without clefts. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:2197-2204. [PMID: 36862223 PMCID: PMC10175319 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-04852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
A cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is one of the most common craniofacial malformations, occurring worldwide in about one in 600-1000 newborn infants. CL/P is known to influence the feeding process negatively, causing feeding difficulties in 25-73% of all children with CL/P. Because there is a risk for serious complications in these children regarding feeding difficulties, there is often a need for intensive medical counseling and treatment. At this moment, adequate diagnosis and measurement remain a challenge and often lead to a delayed referral for professional help. Since parents play a big part in reporting feeding difficulties, it is important to help objectify parents' experiences, as well as the use of a frontline screening instrument for routine check-ups during medical appointments. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between parent perspective and standardized observation by medical professionals on feeding difficulties in 60 children with and without clefts at the age of 17 months. We focus on the information from parents and health professionals by comparing the Observation List Spoon Feeding and the Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment with the validated Dutch translation of the Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale. Conclusion: There is a need for timely and adequate diagnosis and referral when it comes to feeding difficulties in children with CL/P. This study underscores the importance of combining both parental observations and measurements of oral motor skills by healthcare professionals to enable this. What is Known: • Early identification of feeding difficulties can prevent adversely affected growth and development. • Clefts increase the probability of feeding difficulties; however, the diagnostic trajectory is unclear. • The Observation List Spoon Feeding (OSF) and Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment (SOMA) are validated to measure oral motor skills. The Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale Dutch version (MCH-FSD) has been validated for the parental perception of infant feeding difficulties. What is New: • Parents of children with CL/P experience relatively few feeding problems in their child on average. • Oral motor skills for spoon feeding are associated with oral motor skills for solid foods in children with CL/P. • The extent of the cleft is associated with experiencing more feeding difficulties in children with CL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A C de Vries
- Department of Paediatric Plastic Surgery, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Camille H A L Guillaume
- Department of Paediatric Plastic Surgery, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Paediatric Plastic Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter M Penris
- Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences/Applied Linguistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Merijn Eligh
- Department of Paediatric Plastic Surgery, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rene M J C Eijkemans
- Department of Biostatistics and Research Support, Julius Centre, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Moshe Kon
- Department of Paediatric Plastic Surgery, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Corstiaan C Breugem
- Department of Paediatric Plastic Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marijn W G van Dijk
- Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Joos U, Markus AF, Schuon R. Functional cleft palate surgery. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:290-298. [PMID: 36911175 PMCID: PMC9996444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) as a dislocation malformation confronts parents with a malformation of their child that could not be more central and visible: the face. In addition to the stigmatizing appearance, however, in cases of a CLP, food intake, physiological breathing, speech and hearing are also affected. In this paper, the principles of morphofunctional surgical reconstruction of the cleft palate are presented. With the closure of the palate, and restoration of the anatomy, a situation is achieved enabling nasal respiration, normal or near normal speech without nasality, improved ventilation of the middle ear, normal oral functions with coordinated interaction of the tongue with the hard and soft palate important for the oral and pharyngeal phases of feeding. With the establishment of physiological function, in the early phases of the infant and toddler, these activities initiate essential growth stimulation, leading to normalisation of facial and cranial growth. If these functional considerations are disregarded during primary closure, lifelong impairment of one or more of the abovementioned processes often follows. In many cases, despite secondary surgery and revision, it might not be possible to correct and achieve the best possible outcomes, especially if critical stages of development and growth have been missed or there has been significant tissue loss due to resection of existing tissue while primary surgery. This paper describes functional surgical methods and reviews long term, over many decades, results of children with cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Joos
- International Medical College, University Duisburg, Essen, Germany
| | - Anthony F. Markus
- Emeritus Consultant Maxillofacial Surgeon, Poole Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Schuon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Epidemiology of Clefts in Kwazulu Natal: Comparison With Systematic Review Analysis, Similarities, and Differences. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:65-69. [PMID: 36002921 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000008957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PREAMBLE The incidence and accuracy of cleft epidemiology is variable depending on geographical region, population group, and country being assessed. Confounding factors are rendered more accurate if consecutive patients seen in a unit over a prolonged period are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plastic surgery charts at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital (IALCH) were reviewed from 2003 to 2019. Appropriate International Classification of Diseases (ICD) cleft codes were used to obtain a cleft database of all cleft patients. The review revealed 1487 cleft patients. Data extracted included sex, race, extent of cleft lip or palate, laterality, and birth month. RESULTS Overall, there was an almost equivalent sex distribution with 745 females and 742 males. There were 390 cleft lip only (26%), 505 cleft lip with palate (CLP) (34%), and 592 cleft palate only (40%). In the cleft lip only group, Black females were affected in 54% and males in 46%, whereas in the Asian group, females were affected in 33% and males in 67% ( P =0.022). In the CLP group, Asian and Colored females were affected more (56% and 60%, respectively), while in the Black and White groups, females were less affected (40% and 26%, respectively). Cleft palate only was the most common category in Black (44%) and Colored (55%), while the CLP category was most common in Asian (49%) and White (42%). CONCLUSIONS Demographics of cleft lip and palate in KwaZulu Natal is different from other series in certain aspects. In addition, there are differences in the race groups when analyzing certain aspects. The differences may be based on genetic or environmental factors and warrants further investigation.
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Nguyen HL, Hoang MP, Nguyen VM, Tran TT, Le VS. Use of Septal Cartilage in Rhinoplasty to Correct Nasal Deformity After Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2022; 14:131-140. [PMID: 35611095 PMCID: PMC9124478 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s364332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The most common facial defect is the congenital cleft lip (CL), which can occur with or without a cleft palate (CP). Patients need primary plastic surgery for rehabilitation and esthetics; nevertheless, secondary abnormalities of the lip and nose may develop after primary surgery. These deformities are complex and involve all tissue layers, including the skeletal platform, inner lining, osseocartilaginous structure, and overlying skin. This study evaluated the results of nasal deformity rhinoplasty using septal cartilage in patients with nasal deformities after plastic surgery for unilateral CL and CP. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on 21 patients with secondary unilateral CL nasal deformity between June 2015 and August 2016. All patients underwent rhinoplasty with the use of septal cartilage grafts. Pre- and post-operative nasal forms were measured. Results The patients had cosmetic problems and impaired nasal airflow due to distorted anatomy. The postoperative nasal forms were improved in all patients. Rhinoplasty using septal cartilage effectively increased the height of the columella and nose and improved the balance of the base width and the length of both sides of the nose. Excellent results were achieved in 18 patients. Three patients showed good results. No patient showed a fair result. Conclusion This study demonstrated an effective correction of esthetic deformities and significant improvement in airway patency. A long-term longitudinal study is still required to evaluate the influence of septal cartilage harvesting on face and nasal development until children reach their late teens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Loi Nguyen
- Odonto-Stomatology Center, Hue Central Hospital, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Phuong Hoang
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Van Minh Nguyen
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Tan Tai Tran
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Van Son Le
- School of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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One-Jaw versus Two-Jaw Orthognathic Surgery for Patients with Cleft: A Comparative Study Using 3D Imaging Virtual Surgical Planning. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Whether a one-jaw or two-jaw design is used in orthognathic surgery for patients with cleft remains varied and controversial. This study aimed to compare the two approaches using 3-dimensional imaging surgical simulation. This study was conducted on 41 consecutive patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate treated in the craniofacial center. All patients had original two-jaw virtual planning and orthognathic surgery. Simulation of one-jaw LeFort I surgery was performed using the same final dental occlusion on 3-dimensional images. Cephalometric data and asymmetry index were collected and compared among the designs. Average advancement of the maxilla was 7.46 mm in one-jaw and 4.80 mm in two-jaw design. SNA, SNB, and A-N perpendicular were significantly greater and close to normative data in the one-jaw design. ANB angles were similar in both designs. The anterior and posterior occlusal plane cants, the deviation of midline landmarks, and the asymmetry index were more improved in the two-jaw approach. It is concluded that the two-jaw cleft orthognathic surgery could significantly improve facial midline and symmetry compared with the one-jaw approach. However, the two-jaw surgery with mandibular setback produced less protrusive facial contour although a harmonious relationship between the maxilla and mandible was achieved.
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12
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Citron I, Batista J, Costa E, Lima C, Ise A, Menezes C, Roa L, Saluja S, Staffa SJ, da Silva Freitas R, de Andrade Sá ÁJ, Rocha F, Collares MV, Alonso N. Patient-perceived barriers to surgical treatment of cleft lip and palate in Brazil- A multi-region study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022; 75:2375-2386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Ayub A, Sadiq H, Ijaz R. Patterns of orofacial clefts and associated risk factors in Pakistan: An institutional experience. JOURNAL OF CLEFT LIP PALATE AND CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jclpca.jclpca_1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Corcoran M, Karki S, Harila V, Luoto A, Ylikontiola L, Sándor GK, Anttonen V. Dental fear among adolescents with cleft. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:716-723. [PMID: 33730383 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental fear is a prevalent phenomenon among children and adolescents globally. AIM To investigate dental fear among 18-year-olds with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) at their final follow-up cleft clinic visit, and to evaluate the association between dental fear and OHRQoL. DESIGN This cross-sectional study included the cohort of children with CLP treated at the Oulu University Hospital Cleft Lip and Palate Center, in northern Finland since 1995. A total of 62 of 64 individuals participated in this study. The validated Finnish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to assess OHRQoL. Dental fear was studied using the validated Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and cognitive vulnerability model (CVM). RESULTS Almost two fifths of the participants reported moderate dental fear. Participants with cleft including lip and participants reporting impact on OHRQoL reported higher mean MDAS scores. In an unadjusted model, adolescents with cleft including lip had risk for higher dental MDAS scores compared with the ones with cleft including only palate. CONCLUSIONS Dental fear is common among adolescents with CLP, specifically among those with clefts involving the lip. OHRQoL and dental fear seem to be associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjami Corcoran
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Saujanya Karki
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Virpi Harila
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anni Luoto
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leena Ylikontiola
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - George K Sándor
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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15
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Corcoran M, Karki S, Ylikontiola L, Lithovius R, Sándor GK, Harila V. Maxillary Arch Dimensions in 6-Year-Old Cleft Children in Northern Finland: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147432. [PMID: 34299883 PMCID: PMC8304168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to cross-sectionally examine the maxillary arch dimensions in 6-year-old children with cleft lip and/or palate and to compare them with the initial cleft sizes among patients with cleft palate. The study included 89 patients with clefts treated at the Oulu University Hospital. The subjects were divided into three groups: cleft palate, cleft lip, and cleft lip and palate. Study casts were scanned, and the maxillary arch dimensions were examined using a 3D program (3Shape Orthoanalyzer, Copenhagen, Denmark). The statistical methods Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the means (SD) between the groups. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between cleft severity and maxillary dimensions. A significant difference was found between different initial cleft sizes in terms of distance between the second deciduous molar and the first incisor on the right side. The intermolar width showed a negative correlation with the initial cleft size. The dimensions were shorter for clefts affecting the palate and largest for clefts affecting only the lip. Larger clefts resulted in a shorter maxilla on the right side. Many dimensions became shorter when the initial cleft was larger. Clefts of the palate resulted in smaller maxillas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjami Corcoran
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.K.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (G.K.S.); (V.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Saujanya Karki
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.K.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (G.K.S.); (V.H.)
| | - Leena Ylikontiola
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.K.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (G.K.S.); (V.H.)
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Lithovius
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.K.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (G.K.S.); (V.H.)
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - George K. Sándor
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.K.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (G.K.S.); (V.H.)
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Virpi Harila
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.K.); (L.Y.); (R.L.); (G.K.S.); (V.H.)
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
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16
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Osteotomy of the Premaxilla in Bilateral Cleft Lip: A Useful Technique Following Failure of Primary Lip Closure. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:472-476. [PMID: 33704963 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Successful aesthetic repair of the bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) is one of the most challenging cases encountered by a surgeon. This challenge is heightened when the premaxilla is anteriorly protruded in relation lateral maxillary segments. Our aim is to demonstrate a useful technique for reducing the cleft size before secondary lip repair. We use a premaxillary osteotomy to posteriorly reposition the premaxilla between the lateral segments. METHODS Six patients with BCLP underwent repositioning of the protruded premaxilla. Five patients had previous primary lip closure procedures with unsatisfactory results. The cleft size was reduced by premaxillary osteotomy from nasal septum and partial removal of the vertical vomer. The osteotomized premaxilla was then repositioned, fixed with a custom-made orthodontic appliance. Following this procedure, the lip was closed in a traditional fashion. RESULTS All patients demonstrated satisfying lip closure without tension. In each case, the premaxilla was vital and exhibited partial stabilization during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In this study the authors demonstrate the usefulness of a premaxillary segment setback as an adjunct to improved function and aesthetics in bilateral lip repair. This method serves as useful technique for previously unsuccessful closure of BCLP.
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Sanchez MLN, Benjamin RH, Mitchell LE, Langlois PH, Canfield MA, Swartz MD, Scheuerle AE, Scott DA, Northrup H, Schaaf CP, Ray JW, McLean SD, Chen H, Lupo PJ, Agopian AJ. Birth Defect Co-Occurrence Patterns Among Infants With Cleft Lip and/or Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:417-426. [PMID: 33906455 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate 2- to 5-way patterns of defects co-occurring with orofacial clefts using data from a population-based registry. DESIGN We used data from the Texas Birth Defects Registry for deliveries between 1999 and 2014 to Texas residents, including 1884 cases with cleft palate (CP) and 5289 cases with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) without a known syndrome. We identified patterns of defects co-occurring with CP and with CL±P observed more frequently than would be expected if these defects occurred independently. We calculated adjusted observed-to-expected (O/E) ratios to account for the known tendency of birth defects to cluster nonspecifically. RESULTS Among infants without a syndrome, 23% with CP and 21% with CL±P had at least 1 additional congenital anomaly. Several combinations of defects were observed much more often than expected. For example, the combination of CL±P, congenital hydrocephaly, anophthalmia, and other nose anomalies had an O/E ratio of 605. For both CP and CL±P, co-occurrence patterns with the highest O/E ratios involved craniofacial and brain abnormalities, and many included the skeletal, cardiovascular, and renal systems. CONCLUSIONS The patterns of defects we observed co-occurring with clefts more often than expected may help improve our understanding of the relationships between multiple defects. Further work to better understand some of the top defect combinations could reveal new phenotypic subgroups and increase our knowledge of the developmental mechanisms that underlie the respective defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Navarro Sanchez
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Renata H Benjamin
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura E Mitchell
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter H Langlois
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mark A Canfield
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael D Swartz
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angela E Scheuerle
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Metabolism, 49219University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daryl A Scott
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, 3989Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, 3989Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hope Northrup
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, McGovern Medical School, 8193University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian P Schaaf
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, 3989Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Heidelberg University, Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joseph W Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Scott D McLean
- Clinical Genetics Section, The Children's Hospital of San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, UTHealth School of Public Health and UTHealth School of Biomedical Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A J Agopian
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
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18
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Huda NU, Shahzad HB, Noor M, Ishaq Y, Anwar MA, Kashif M. Frequency of Different Dental Irregularities Associated With Cleft Lip and Palate in a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital. Cureus 2021; 13:e14456. [PMID: 33996316 PMCID: PMC8115193 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oro-facial clefts (OFCs) are formed due to a combination of genetic factors and environmental factors. Treatment is usually extensive and lasts till adult age. The treatment also includes a large portion of dental rehabilitation. Objective This study aims to look at the different dental anomalies associated with OFCs. Methods A total of 100 participants with OFCs were randomly selected from Clap centre Lahore. They were categorized into cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and both. Dental anomalies were recorded clinically and family history for OFCs was also recorded. Results Out of the 100 participants, 15 had CL only, 37 had a CP, and 48 had both CL and CP. Missing teeth and hypodontia were significantly associated with all OFCs (p-value > 0.05). Supernumerary teeth were only significantly associated with CP (p-value: 0.04). Other dental anomalies were not significant for OFCs. Conclusion OFCs in all its three forms are associated with dental irregularities. They can either be missing teeth or extra teeth. There is a strong need for dentists to be a part of the treatment planning of OFCs and to treat dental anomalies alongside the clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor U Huda
- Department of Oral Biology, Rashid Latif Medical & Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Hazik B Shahzad
- Department of Community Dentistry, Rashid Latif Medical & Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Maria Noor
- Department of Oral Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine & Dentistry, Lahore, PAK
| | - Yaser Ishaq
- Department of Oral Surgery, Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Malik Adeel Anwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, New York, USA.,Department of Oral Pathology, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine & Dentistry, Lahore, PAK
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Department of Oral Pathology, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK
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19
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Chen YH, Liao YF, Chang CS, Lu TC, Chen KT. Patient satisfaction and quality of life after orthodontic treatment for cleft lip and palate deformity. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5521-5529. [PMID: 33683466 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with cleft lip-cleft palate (CLP) often require orthodontic treatment, with or without orthognathic surgery. Patient satisfaction is the most important outcome parameter in orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to (1) determine patient satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) after orthodontic treatment and (2) identify associated factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective cross-sectional study recruited patients with CLP who had completed orthodontic treatment at a craniofacial center in Taiwan. Participants (N=213) had received treatment for unilateral CLP (n=99), bilateral CLP (n=50), cleft lip and alveolus (n=39), and isolated cleft palate (n=25). Self-report questionnaires evaluated satisfaction with appearance and QoL; multiple regression analysis examined associated factors. Participants' expectations of treatment results were also reported. RESULTS Participants reported moderate satisfaction with facial appearance and QoL. Satisfaction with treatment was lower or much lower than expected for 13% of participants. Treatment for bilateral CLP was associated with the lowest satisfaction with overall appearance (r = -8.123, P < 0.05); participants who had received orthognathic surgery had the highest satisfaction (r = 5.534, P < 0.05). Treatment for unilateral and bilateral CLP was associated with low QoL for smile (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Orthodontic treatment had a positive effect on facial appearance and quality of life in patients with CLP. Type of cleft and orthognathic surgery significantly influenced satisfaction with facial appearance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Efforts must be taken to modify treatment strategies for patients with bilateral CLP in order to improve satisfaction with appearance following treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dinghu Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan.,Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Craniofacial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Liao
- Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dinghu Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan. .,Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. .,Craniofacial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Shin Chang
- Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Craniofacial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chen Lu
- Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Craniofacial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ting Chen
- Craniofacial Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Schwartz JP, Garib DG. Dental anomalies frequency in submucous cleft palate versus complete cleft palate. Eur J Orthod 2021; 43:394-398. [PMID: 33615332 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This retrospective study evaluated the prevalence of dental anomalies of number in different subphenotypes of isolated cleft palate. MATERIALS/METHODS The sample comprised 26 individuals with submucous cleft palate (group S) and 68 individuals with complete cleft palate (group C) aged between 9 and 12 years from a single centre. Panoramic radiographs were evaluated regarding the presence of dental anomalies of number in permanent teeth. Intergroup comparison was performed using chi-square tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS Tooth agenesis was found in 34.61 and 36.76 per cent of group S and group C, respectively. The most commonly missing teeth were the maxillary second premolar, maxillary lateral incisor, and mandibular second premolar. Supernumerary teeth were found in none and 1.47 per cent of the individuals with submucous and complete cleft palate, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between groups for the frequency of tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth. LIMITATIONS Only dental anomalies of number were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS Individuals with submucous and complete cleft palate showed similar prevalence for tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth. Dental anomalies frequency seems not to be a discriminator for subphenotypes of cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Gamba Garib
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Bauru, Brazil.,Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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21
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Sezici YL, Dindaroğlu F, Işık A, Doğan S. Mesiodistal Angulation of Each Whole Tooth in Patients With Nonsyndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Is it Symmetrical? Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2020; 58:824-831. [PMID: 33111550 DOI: 10.1177/1055665620967534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the symmetry of the mesiodistal angulations of maxillary and mandibular teeth in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and compare with the class I control group without cleft lip and palate (CLP). DESIGN A retrospective study. SETTING University department. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS The panoramic radiographs of 45 orthodontically untreated individuals with nonsyndromic UCLP (mean age 14.13 ± 0.75 years) and 45 skeletal class I individuals without CLP (mean age 14.01 ± 0.74 years). INTERVENTIONS The line passing through the most superior points of the condyles was taken as the reference. The angle between the long axes of the maxillary and mandibular teeth and reference line was measured digitally. With the purpose of determining condylar symmetry, mandibular asymmetry index measurements were utilized. Independent samples t test and paired samples t test were used for the statistical analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The mesiodistal angulation of the maxillary and mandibular teeth in patients with UCLP was measured. The differences between the contralateral sides were determined and compared to class I individuals without CLP. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found among the condylar asymmetry in both groups (P > .05).The significant differences between the cleft and noncleft sides in the UCLP group was observed in the maxillary central, canine, first premolar and second molar teeth (P < .001, P = .002, P = .013, P = .012, respectively). The mean differences were found to be higher in the central and lateral incisors, canines and first premolars in the UCLP group (P < .001, P = .006, P = .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Although the cleft-side maxillary central incisors tipped in a distal direction in patients with UCLP, the canine and first premolar showed more inclinations toward the mesial direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Furkan Dindaroğlu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, 37509Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Servet Doğan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, 37509Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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22
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Kruse T, Mangold E, Braumann B. Impact of Maternal Smoking on Nonsyndromic Clefts: Sex-Specific Associations With Side and Laterality. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2020; 58:181-188. [PMID: 32844678 DOI: 10.1177/1055665620951099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the incidence of right-sided versus left-sided, and unilateral versus bilateral, nonsyndromic clefting in the affected offspring of smoking and nonsmoking mothers. DESIGN Self-report data on periconceptual and first trimester smoking behavior were collected from 842 mothers of children with nonsyndromic orofacial clefting. Differences in the incidence of left- versus right-sided clefts, and of unilateral versus bilateral clefts, were analyzed between the children of smoking and nonsmoking mothers. SETTING Interviews and clinical examinations took place at 8 specialist centers in Germany. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS Children with nonsyndromic clefts were recruited during the course of surgical or orthodontic treatment, or within the context of the annual control consultation. Patients with cleft palate only or missing data were excluded. The final cohort comprised 842 patients (540 males and 302 females) with unilateral or bilateral clefts. The respective mothers were interviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Side and laterality of nonsyndromic clefts were the main outcome measures. RESULTS Children of smoking mothers more often had right-sided clefts than children of nonsmoking mothers (42% right-sided clefts in children of smoking mothers vs 31% of nonsmoking mothers). Children of smoking mothers more often had bilateral clefts than children of nonsmoking mothers (35% bilateral clefts in children of smoking mothers vs 29% of nonsmoking mothers). Sex-specific analyses confirmed substantially and statistically significant associations only for girls. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that maternal smoking is a sex-specific, exogenous determinant of laterality and side in nonsyndromic clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Kruse
- Department of Orthodontics, 14309University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, 14309University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Bert Braumann
- Department of Orthodontics, 14309University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, 14309University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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23
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Hammarström IL, Nyberg J, Alaluusua S, Rautio J, Neovius E, Berggren A, Persson C, Willadsen E, Lohmander A. Scandcleft Project Trial 2-Comparison of Speech Outcome in 1- and 2-Stage Palatal Closure in 5-Year-Olds With UCLP. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2019; 57:458-469. [PMID: 31746642 DOI: 10.1177/1055665619888316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate in-depth speech results in the Scandcleft Trial 2 with comparisons between surgical protocols and centers and with benchmarks from peers without cleft palate. DESIGN A prospective randomized clinical trial. SETTING Two Swedish and one Finnish Cleft Palate center. PARTICIPANTS One hundred twelve participants were 5-years-old born with unilateral cleft lip and palate randomized to either lip repair and soft palate closure at 4 months and hard palate closure at 12 months or lip repair at 3 to 4 months (Arm A), or a closure of both the soft and hard palate at 12 months (Arm C). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A composite measure dichotomized into velopharyngeal competency (VPC) or velopharyngeal incompetency (VPI), overall assessment of velopharyngeal function (VPC-Rate), percentage of consonants correct (PCC score), and consonant errors. In addition, number of speech therapy visits, average hearing thresholds, and secondary surgeries were documented to assess burden of treatment. RESULTS Across the trial, 53.5% demonstrated VPC and 46.5% VPI with no significant differences between arms or centers. In total, 27% reached age-appropriate PCC scores with no statistically significant difference between the arms. The Finnish center had significantly higher PCC scores, the Swedish centers had higher percentages of oral consonant errors. Number of speech therapy visits was significantly higher in the Finnish center. CONCLUSION At age 5, poor speech outcomes with some differences between participating centers were seen but could not be attributed to surgical protocol. As one center had very few participants, the results from that center should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jill Nyberg
- Stockholm Craniofacial Team, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suvi Alaluusua
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Rautio
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erik Neovius
- Stockholm Craniofacial Team, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Berggren
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Christina Persson
- Speech and Language Pathology Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Willadsen
- Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Lohmander
- Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Roman N, Carney PC, Fiani N, Peralta S. Incidence patterns of orofacial clefts in purebred dogs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224574. [PMID: 31682628 PMCID: PMC6827884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip and palate (CLP) are the most common types of orofacial clefts in dogs. Orofacial clefts in dogs are clinically relevant because of the associated morbidity and high newborn mortality rate and are of interest as comparative models of disease. However, the incidence of CL, CP and CLP has not been investigated in purebred dogs, and the financial impact on breeders is unknown. The aims of this study were to document the incidence patterns of CL, CP and CLP in different breeds of dogs, determine whether defect phenotype is associated with skull type, genetic cluster and geographic location, and estimate the financial impact in breeding programs in the United States by means of an anonymous online survey. A total of 228 orofacial clefts were reported among 7,429 puppies whelped in the 12 preceding months. Breeds in the mastiff/terrier genetic cluster and brachycephalic breeds were predisposed to orofacial clefts. Certain breeds in the ancient genetic cluster were at increased odds of orofacial clefts. Male purebred dogs were at increased odds of CPs. Results confirm that brachycephalic breeds are overrepresented among cases of orofacial clefts. Furthermore, geographic region appeared to be a relevant risk factor and orofacial clefts represented a considerable financial loss to breeders. Improved understanding of the epidemiology of orofacial clefts (frequency, causes, predictors and risk factors) may help in identifying ways to minimize their occurrence. Information gained may potentially help veterinarians and researchers to diagnose, treat and prevent orofacial clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Roman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Patrick C. Carney
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Nadine Fiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Santiago Peralta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yılmaz HN, Özbilen EÖ, Üstün T. The Prevalence of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Single-Center Experience for 17 Years. Turk J Orthod 2019; 32:139-144. [PMID: 31565688 DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2019.18094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to report the prevalence of cleft lip and palate (CLP), isolated cleft palate (CP), isolated cleft lip (CL), and median cleft (MC) applied in Marmara University School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics. Methods There were 1058 patients who applied to the center between 2000 and 2017. A total of 1026 patients were included in the study. Files, models, and photographs were evaluated. The patients were divided into six groups: unilateral right or left CLP, bilateral CLP, isolated CP, isolated CL, and MC. The prevalence was identified according to cleft type, side, gender, age, and application year. Results The most common type was unilateral CLP (44.3%), which was observed more on the left side (28.9%), followed by CP (28.7%). MC had a minimum ratio (0.3%) between cleft types. Males were more prone to have unilateral CLP (right side, 64.6%) and bilateral CLP (64.1%), whereas females were more prone to have CP (59.9%). The greatest number of applications was recorded in 2004, and the patients mostly applied in the neonatal period (64.9%). The ratios of complete cleft cases in all types of clefts were statistically significantly higher. Conclusion Unilateral CLP was the most common cleft type and seen more on the left side. While males were affected more by CLP, isolated CP was seen more in females than in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Nuray Yılmaz
- Department of Orthodontics, Marmara University School of Dentistry, İstanbul, Turkey
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Van Dyck J, Cadenas de Llano-Pérula M, Willems G, Verdonck A. Dental development in cleft lip and palate patients: A systematic review. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 300:63-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rafik A, Rachad L, Kone AS, Nadifi S. MTHFR C677T polymorphism and risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in the Moroccan population. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2019; 12:51-54. [PMID: 30881086 PMCID: PMC6410759 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s194166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common craniofacial malformations observed. Several studies suggest that the decrease in folate has been associated with a higher risk of NSCL/P. The present study aimed to determine the association of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism gene with the occurrence of NSCL/P in the Moroccan population. Methods MTHFR C677T was genotyped in 52 Moroccan patients and 182 unrelated controls, using a PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results The results of the study revealed a genotypic and phenotypic distribution in equilibrium with Hardy–Weinberg’s law (χ2=0.36, P=0.55). The frequency of heterozygous genotype C/T and the T allele in controls and patients were 40.7% vs 15.4% and 26%, respectively. Conclusion A low association was found between the C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene and a risk for the development of NSCL/P in the Moroccan population (OR =0.24, P=0.0005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Rafik
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Alfarbi Hospital, Oujda, Morocco, .,Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Casablanca, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco,
| | - Laila Rachad
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Casablanca, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco,
| | - Abdou-Samad Kone
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Casablanca, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco,
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Casablanca, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco,
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Alici-Garipcan A, Korkusuz P, Bilgic E, Askin K, Aydin HM, Ozturk E, Inci I, Ozkizilcik A, Kamile Ozturk K, Piskin E, Vargel I. Critical-size alveolar defect treatment via TGF-ß3 and BMP-2 releasing hybrid constructs. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:415-436. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1571397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aybuke Alici-Garipcan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petek Korkusuz
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Bilgic
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kerem Askin
- Faculty of Dentistry Department of Endodontics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Halil M. Aydin
- Faculty of Engineering Environmental Engineering Department & Bioengineering Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eda Ozturk
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilyas Inci
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asya Ozkizilcik
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Erhan Piskin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Division, Hacettepe University Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Vargel
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery & Bioengineering Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Impacted maxillary canine in unilateral cleft lip and palate: A literature review. Saudi Dent J 2019; 31:84-92. [PMID: 30705572 PMCID: PMC6349903 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of canine impaction in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is increasing and in most cases is a part of a syndrome. The provision of different treatment modalities in these patients is a challenging and daunting task. Objective The objective of the present review was to scrutinize the available evidence on canine impaction in UCLP patients. Materials and methods Using PRISMA guidelines, a review was conducted via the PubMed (MEDLINE), ISI Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, and Embase databases using different keywords. Studies were shortlisted and inspected according to the following inclusion criteria: (1) papers published in English over the past 40 years, (2) study participants with maxillary canine impaction in unilateral cleft lip and palate, (3) studies reporting on canine impaction and cleft lip and palate, and (4) no age limit was applied so studies published on both children and adults with unilateral cleft lip and palate and canine impaction were included. Studies which justified inclusion criteria were included whereas the rest of the studies were removed. Results A total of 279 studies were retrieved using the search strategy. After removing duplicate reports and scrutinizing those based on title and abstract, 54 studies were shortlisted for full text review. Following the review, 22 studies were included in the final list. The presentation of data was based on the year of study, type of cleft, gender, age of bone graft, spontaneous eruption, and surgical exposure. Conclusion Every UCLP patient is different and treatment modalities should vary according to the characteristics, subjective response, and variability of the malformation.
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Singh R, Ajithkrishnan CG, Kalantharkath T, Pawar A, Bafna H, Kalyan P, Singh A. Oral health status of patients seeking therapeutic and rehabilitative care for cleft lip and cleft palate at specialty hospitals in vadodara. JOURNAL OF CLEFT LIP PALATE AND CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jclpca.jclpca_35_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ise A, Menezes C, Batista Neto J, Saluja S, Amundson JR, Jenny H, Massenburg B, Citron I, Alonso N. Patient-Perceived Barriers to Accessing Cleft Care at a Tertiary Referral Center in São Paulo, Brazil. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 56:639-645. [DOI: 10.1177/1055665618796018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In low- and middle-income countries, poor access to care can result in delayed surgical repair of orofacial clefts leading to poor functional outcomes. Even in Brazil, an upper middle-income country with free comprehensive cleft care, delayed repair of orofacial clefts commonly occurs. This study aims to assess patient-perceived barriers to cleft care at a referral center in São Paulo. Methods: A 29-item questionnaire assessing the barriers to care was administered to 101 consecutive patients (or their guardians) undergoing orofacial cleft surgery in the Plastic Surgery Department in Hospital das Clínicas, in São Paulo, Brazil, between February 2016 and January 2017. Results: A total of 54.4% of patients had their first surgery beyond the recommended time frame of 6 months for a cleft lip or cleft lip and palate and 18 months for a cleft palate. There was a greater proportion of isolated cleft palates in the delayed group (66.7% vs 33.3%). Almost all patients had a timely diagnosis, but delays occurred from diagnosis to repair. The mean number of barriers reported for each patient was 3.8. The most frequently cited barriers related to lack of access to care include (1) lack of hospitals available to perform the surgery (54%) and (2) lack of availability of doctors (51%). Conclusion: Delays from diagnosis to treatment result in patients receiving delayed primary repairs. The commonest patient-perceived barriers are related to a lack of access to cleft care, which may represent a lack of awareness of available services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Ise
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Menezes
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joao Batista Neto
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saurab Saluja
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia R. Amundson
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hillary Jenny
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ben Massenburg
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Citron
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nivaldo Alonso
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hong M, Baek SH. Trend of health care utilization of cleft lip and/or palate in Korea during 2007-2016. Korean J Orthod 2018; 48:216-223. [PMID: 30003055 PMCID: PMC6041456 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2018.48.4.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study is performed to investigate the trend of health care (HC) utilization among cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) during 2007-2016 by using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS). Methods The KNHIS data were reorganized to count a specific patient only once for a specific year. Cleft type (cleft lip [CL], cleft palate [CP], and cleft lip and palate [CLP]), sex, and age at HC utilization were investigated. The study period was divided into the first half (2007-2011) and the last half (2012-2016). The utilization number and rate per 1,000 population were calculated for the total population and for new-born patients. Independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analyses. Results The total CL/P population (n = 48,707) comprised 19.2% CLP, 35.5% CL, and 45.3% CP (CLP < CL < CP; p < 0.001). Their HC utilization rate increased from 0.066 in 2007 to 0.118 in 2016. The new-born patient population (n = 7,617) comprised 18.6% CLP, 30.4% CL, and 51.0% CP (CLP < CL < CP; p < 0.001). Their HC utilization rate increased from 1.12 in 2007 to 1.74 in 2016. An examination of the utilization number and rate among new-born patients revealed CP exhibited a female-dominant pattern (all p < 0.01), while CL and CLP exhibited a male-dominant pattern (all p < 0.01). However, utilization number showed no difference by sex and cleft type between 2007-2011 and 2012-2016. Conclusions These results might serve as a guideline for HC utilization among patients with CL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihee Hong
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung-Hak Baek
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Dental Anomalies in Different Types of Cleft Lip and Palate: Is There Any Relation? J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:1316-1321. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Efficacy of Facilitated Capacity Building in Providing Cleft Lip and Palate Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 28:1737-1741. [PMID: 28872505 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000003884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing surgical repair for congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and palate (CLP) can be challenging in low- and middle-income countries. One nonprofit organization seeks to address this need through a partnership model. This model provides long-term aid on multiple levels: surgeon and healthcare provider education, community outreach, and funding. The authors examined the effectiveness of this partnership model in providing CLP care and increasing cleft care capacity over time. This organization maintains data on each partner and procedure and collected data on hospital and patient characteristics through voluntary partner surveys from 2010 to 2014. Effectiveness of care provision outcomes included number of surgeries/partner hospital and patient demographics. Cleft surgical system strengthening was measured by the complexity of repair, waitlist length, and patient follow-up. From 2001 to 2014, the number of procedures/hospital/year grew from 15 to 109, and frequency of alveolar bone grafts increased from 1% to 3.4%. In addition, 97.9% of partners reported that half to most patients come from rural areas. Waitlists decreased, with 9.2% of partners reporting a waitlist of ≥50 in 2011 versus 2.7% in 2014 (P < 0.001). Patient follow-up also improved: 35% of partners in 2011 estimated a follow-up rate of ≥75%, compared with 51% of partners in 2014 (P < 0.001). The increased number of procedures/hospital/year supports the partnership model's effectiveness in providing CLP care. In addition, data supports cleft surgical system strengthening-more repairs use alveolar bone grafts, waitlists decreased, and follow-up improved. These findings demonstrate that the partnership model may be effective in providing cleft care and increasing cleft surgical capacity.
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Hereman V, Cadenas De Llano-Pérula M, Willems G, Coucke W, Wyatt J, Verdonck A. Associated parameters of canine impaction in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate after secondary alveolar bone grafting: a retrospective study. Eur J Orthod 2018; 40:575-582. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjy011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Hereman
- Department of Oral Health Sciences—Orthodontics, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven
| | | | - Guy Willems
- Department of Oral Health Sciences—Orthodontics, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven
| | | | - Jan Wyatt
- Department of Oral Health Sciences—Children and Special Care Dentistry, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Verdonck
- Department of Oral Health Sciences—Orthodontics, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven
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Gustafsson C, Heliövaara A, Leikola J, Rautio J. Incidence of Speech-Correcting Surgery in Children With Isolated Cleft Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1055665618760889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Speech-correcting surgeries (pharyngoplasty) are performed to correct velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). This study aimed to analyze the need for speech-correcting surgery in children with isolated cleft palate (ICP) and to determine differences among cleft extent, gender, and primary technique used. In addition, we assessed the timing and number of secondary procedures performed and the incidence of operated fistulas. Design: Retrospective medical chart review study from hospital archives and electronic records. Participants: These comprised the 423 consecutive nonsyndromic children (157 males and 266 females) with ICP treated at the Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center of Helsinki University Hospital during 1990 to 2016. Results: The total incidence of VPI surgery was 33.3% and the fistula repair rate, 7.8%. Children with cleft of both the hard and soft palate (n = 300) had a VPI secondary surgery rate of 37.3% (fistula repair rate 10.7%), whereas children with only cleft of the soft palate (n = 123) had a corresponding rate of 23.6% (fistula repair rate 0.8%). Gender and primary palatoplasty technique were not considered significant factors in need for VPI surgery. The majority of VPI surgeries were performed before school age. One fifth of patients receiving speech-correcting surgery had more than one subsequent procedure. Conclusion: The need for speech-correcting surgery and fistula repair was related to the severity of the cleft. Although the majority of the corrective surgeries were done before the age of 7 years, a considerable number were performed at a later stage, necessitating long-term observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Gustafsson
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arja Heliövaara
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Junnu Leikola
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Rautio
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Daniels KM, Yang Yu E, Maine RG, Heng Y, Yang L, Shi B, Corlew DS, Hoffman WY, Gregory GA. Palatal Fistula Risk after Primary Palatoplasty. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 55:807-813. [DOI: 10.1597/16-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Humanitarian surgical organizations provide palatoplasties for patients without access to surgical care. Few organizations have evaluated the outcomes of these trips. This study evaluates the palatal fistula rate in patients from two cohorts in rural China and one in the United States. Methods: This study compared the odds of fistula formation among three cohorts whose palates were repaired between 2005 and 2009. One cohort included 97 Chinese patients operated on by teams from the United States and Canada under the auspices of Resurge International. They were compared to cohorts at Huaxi Stomatology Hospital and the University of California San Francisco (UCSF). Age, fistula presence, and Veau class were compared among cohorts using Chi-square tests. Logistic regression was used to analyze predictors of fistula formation. Results: The fistula risk was 35.4% in patients treated by humanitarian teams, 12.8% at Huaxi University Hospital and 2.5% at UCSF ( P < 0.001). Age and Veau class were associated with fistula formation (Age P = 0.0015; Veau P < 0.001). ReSurge and Huaxi patients had 20.2 and 5.6 times the odds of developing a fistula, respectively, compared to UCSF patients ( P < 0.01, both). A multivariable model controlling for surgical group, age, and gender showed an association between Veau class and the odds of fistula formation. Conclusions: Chinese children undergoing palatoplasty by international teams had higher odds of palatal fistula than children treated by Chinese surgeons in established institutions and children treated in the United States. More research is required to identify factors affecting complication rates in low-resource environments.
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Associated Malformations in Children with Orofacial Clefts in Portugal: A 31-Year Study. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2018; 6:e1635. [PMID: 29616161 PMCID: PMC5865923 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Orofacial clefts are among the most common congenital craniofacial malformations and may be associated with other birth defects. However, the proportion and type of additional anomalies vary greatly between studies. This study assessed the prevalence and type of associated congenital malformations in children with orofacial clefts, who attended the largest cleft lip and palate tertiary referral center in Portugal. Methods: Consecutive children with orofacial clefts who attended at least 1 consultation in our Clefts Unit between 1981 and 2012 were studied. Demographic and clinical data regarding the number and type of associated malformations were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results: Of the 701 patients studied, 219 (31.2%) had associated congenital malformations. These malformations were more frequent in children with cleft palate (43.4%) than in children with cleft lip and palate (27.5%) or with cleft lip only (19.4%). Within the group with associated anomalies, 73 cases (33.3%) had conditions related with known chromosomal defects, monogenic syndromes or sequences, and 146 cases (66.7%) had multiple congenital anomalies of unknown origin. From those, head and neck malformations were the most common (60.3%), followed by malformations in the cardiovascular (28.3%) and musculoskeletal systems (26%). Conclusions: The overall prevalence of associated malformations of nearly 1 in 3 children with orofacial clefts stressed the need for a comprehensive evaluation of these patients by a multidisciplinary cleft team. Moreover, one-third of the children had multiple congenital anomalies of known origins. Thus, early routine screening for other malformations and genetic counseling might be valuable for orofacial clefts management.
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Carpentier S, van Gastel J, Schoenaers J, Carels C, Vander Poorten V, Coucke W, Verdonck A. Evaluation of transverse maxillary expansion after a segmental posterior subapical maxillary osteotomy in cleft lip and palate patients with severe collapse of the lateral maxillary segments. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 51:651-7. [PMID: 25368909 DOI: 10.1597/113-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective : The purpose of this longitudinal retrospective study was to evaluate transverse maxillary expansion after a Schuchardt or segmental posterior subapical maxillary osteotomy (SPSMO) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). A second aim was to compare these data with data for adult patients without CLP who were receiving a surgical assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE). Method : The study group comprised 19 patients with CLP and a severe transversally collapsed maxilla who were treated with SPSMO followed by hyrax expansion at the University Hospitals Leuven. Dental casts of the 19 patients were analyzed before treatment, at maximum expansion, during orthodontic treatment, at the completion of orthodontic treatment. and 2 years after orthodontic treatment and were measured at the canine, premolar, and molar levels. Adult patients without CLP who were enrolled in a prospective study served as the control group. Results : Maxillary expansion within the study group was significantly greater (P < .05) at all measured levels compared with the maxillary arch before treatment. No significant relapse was measured in the study group 2 years after orthodontic treatment. When comparing the study and control groups, the only statistical difference was that canine expansion was significantly greater in the study group. Conclusion : SPSMO followed by maxillary expansion and orthodontic treatment is an appropriate treatment option to correct a severe transversally collapsed maxilla in patients with CLP. The overall treatment effect of SPSMO expansion is comparable with the effects of SARPE, although canine expansion was greater in the SPSMO group.
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Rojnueangnit K, Mikhail FM, Cui X, Yu S, Robin NH. Predictor(s) of Abnormal Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Results in Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 52:724-31. [DOI: 10.1597/14-088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) occurs either as an isolated anomaly or as one manifestation of genetic syndromes. Chromosomal abnormalities from karyotype analysis are commonly seen in cases of nonisolated CL/P. This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of clinical array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) testing in patients with CL/P. Our objectives were to identify the clinical phenotypes that are predicative of an abnormal aCGH result, correlate aCGH results with language outcome, and analyze the data in the abnormal aCGH results group. Methods Nonisolated CL/P patients who had clinical aCGH testing performed between 2009 and 2012 in the University of Alabama at Birmingham cytogenetics lab were enrolled. The demographic data, clinical phenotypes, and speech outcome were collected. Results Two hundred forty-five nonisolated CL/P patients were studied, with 62 having an abnormal aCGH result compared to 183 patients with a normal aCGH result. The presence of developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID), dysmorphic features, congenital anomalies, and/or family history of DD/ID were significantly higher in the abnormal aCGH group ( P < .05). Neither the aCGH results nor the type of CL/P correlated with speech outcome. Finally, analysis of the abnormal aCGH result group revealed that DD/ID had a strong positive association with the copy number variation pathogenicity and the number of genes involved. Conclusions This study demonstrated the diagnostic value of clinical aCGH testing in CL/P patients who present with DD/ID, dysmorphic features, other congenital anomalies, and/or family history of DD/ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitiwan Rojnueangnit
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Fady M. Mikhail
- Department of Genetics; Department of Biostatistics; Department of Biostatistics; Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Xiangqin Cui
- Department of Genetics; Department of Biostatistics; Department of Biostatistics; Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Shaohua Yu
- Department of Genetics; Department of Biostatistics; Department of Biostatistics; Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nathaniel H. Robin
- Department of Genetics; Department of Biostatistics; Department of Biostatistics; Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Vallino-Napoli LD, Riley MM, Halliday J. An Epidemiologic Study of Isolated Cleft Lip, Palate, or Both in Victoria, Australia from 1983 to 2000. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 41:185-94. [PMID: 14989685 DOI: 10.1597/02-076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To report the epidemiological characteristics of isolated cleft lip, cleft palate or both (CL ± P and CP) using population-based data in Victoria, Australia. Design Descriptive study of a cohort of children born between 1983 and 2000 notified to the Victorian Birth Defects Register by multiple ascertainment sources. Participants Data were collected on patients identified with CL ± P and CP without associated defects classified as live births, stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and terminated pregnancies < 20 weeks’ gestation following prenatal identification. Information was collected on sex, plurality, maternal age, and country of birth. Results The overall prevalence (per 10,000 pregnancies) of CL ± P was 7.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.30, 8.33; cleft lip [CL] 3.3; 95% CI = 2.97, 3.65, CL+P 4.5; 95% CI = 4.13, 4.91) and cleft palate (CP), 4.3 (95% CI = 3.89, 4.66). The prevalence of CL + P was higher among stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and terminated pregnancies than CL (without CP) and CP. Boys were at greater risk than girls for CL ± P and girls at greater risk than boys for CP. Regardless of cleft type, there was a nonsignificant excess of clefts among singleton births than multiple births and no related effects of maternal age or country of birth. Conclusions The prevalence of isolated CL ± P and CP in Victoria parallels other population-based studies of the same conditions. Inclusion of stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and terminations had little impact on rates. The effect of sex and plurality on cleft type is consistent with the literature, but the effects of maternal age and country of birth remain equivocal. Further studies focusing on certain ethnic groups are warranted to explain the higher rates observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D Vallino-Napoli
- Victorian Perinatal Data Collection Unit (VPDCU), Department of Human Services, Melbourne, Australia.
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Franklin JA, Lalikos JF, Wooden WA. A Case of Mitochondrial Myopathy and Cleft Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 42:327-30. [PMID: 15865470 DOI: 10.1597/03-040.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To present a child born with both mitochondrial myopathy and cleft palate, outlining medical complications of this dual diagnosis—the first reported case in English literature. Methods A preterm Caucasian boy presented to the cleft palate clinic at birth for evaluation of a secondary cleft palate. Multiple anomalies were also identified, including rib fusions, ventricular septal dyskinesis, and mild hypotonia. Initial chromosome studies were unremarkable. Results After a multidisciplinary preoperative clearance at 11 months old, the infant underwent palatoplasty and muscle biopsy for evaluation of hypotonia. Upon extubation, he became apneic and unresponsive to anticholinesterase reversals. He was reintubated. The next morning, he was extubated uneventfully and was discharged home on postoperative day 2 (POD2). On POD7, he returned with signs of bronchitis, thereby prompting immediate reevaluation and treatment by his primary pediatrician. On POD13, he presented to an outlying emergency department with cyanosis and poor respiratory drive. Before intubation, he received a depolarizing muscle relaxation; cardiac arrest ensued and resuscitation was unsuccessful. Pathology from the muscle biopsy and postmortem examination ultimately supported mitochondrial myopathy with dilated cardiomyopathy. Conclusion Mitochondrial myopathies are rare disorders suspected in patients demonstrating developmental delays, hypotonia, cardiomyopathy, conduction system defects, or genetic mutations. In these patients, postoperative complications can be lethal, especially when compounded (e.g., anesthetic drug reactions, respiratory compromise, surgical stress, and postoperative infections). General discussion and specific recommendations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Franklin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Coleman School of Medicine at The University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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McLeod NMH, Urioste MLA, Saeed NR. Birth Prevalence of Cleft Lip and Palate in Sucre, Bolivia. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 41:195-8. [PMID: 14989684 DOI: 10.1597/02-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the birth prevalence of cleft lip and palate (CL ± P) in the municipality of Sucre, Bolivia. To ascertain whether the birth prevalence in this region differs significantly from birth prevalence reported in similar populations and other racial groups. Results Twenty-eight clefts were identified among 22,746 live births between the years 1995 and 2001 in three maternity hospitals in the city. The total birth prevalence of CL ± P was 1.23/1000 live births per year. There were 12 clefts of the lip alone (birth prevalence 0.53/1000 per year), 15 cleft lip and palate (0.66/1000 per year), and one cleft palate only (0.04/1000 per year). Conclusions The birth prevalence was not significantly different from birth prevalence published previously in South American populations, although it is lower than previously published data from Bolivia. The birth prevalence of CL ± P in this South American population was similar to published data in white subjects and between those found in black and oriental groups. The sex ratio and birth prevalence of simultaneous congenital malformations also did not differ from previously published figures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall M H McLeod
- University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Golalipour MJ, Mirfazeli A, Behnampour N. Birth Prevalence of Oral Clefting in Northern Iran. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 44:378-80. [PMID: 17608544 DOI: 10.1597/05-183.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the prevalence of oral clefting in northern Iran. Setting: In the Dezyani hospital 37,951 live births from 1998 through 2003 were screened for oral clefts. Clinical and demographic factors of diagnosed cases, including birth date, ethnicity, type of oral cleft, parental consanguinity, and coexisting anomalies, were recorded for analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of oral clefting was 0.97 per 1000 live births. The prevalence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate and isolated cleft palate was 0.60 and 0.37 per 1000, respectively. The prevalence of oral clefting was 1.08 per 1000 male births and 0.86 per 1000 female births. With respect to parental ethnicity, the prevalence of oral clefting was 0.86, 0.88, and 1.47 per 1000 in Fars, Turkman, and Sistani, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of oral cleft among live births in the Dezyani hospital is similar to that reported in the previous studies for Iran and whites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Golalipour
- Department of Embryology, Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran.
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Mangione F, Nguyen L, Foumou N, Bocquet E, Dursun E. Cleft palate with/without cleft lip in French children: radiographic evaluation of prevalence, location and coexistence of dental anomalies inside and outside cleft region. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:689-695. [PMID: 28589475 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevalence of dental anomalies in cleft patients is higher than that in general population. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of dental anomalies and their coexistence in French children with cleft and, then, to investigate the relation between the dental anomalies and the cleft type. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-four non-syndromic cleft patients (6-16 years old) from Lille Regional University and Mondor-Chenevier Hospitals (France) were included. Clefts were classified as right/left unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and cleft palate (CP). Dental anomalies were investigated on panoramic radiographs and categorized as agenesis, supernumerary teeth, incisor rotations, impacted canines and shape anomalies. Prevalence and gender distribution of dental anomalies, mean number of affected teeth per patient, agenesis occurrence and location, and coexistence of dental anomalies were analysed by cleft type. RESULTS 96.0% of patients presented at least one dental anomaly (agenesis 83.8%, incisor rotations 25.7%, shape anomalies 21.6%, impacted canines 18.9%, supernumerary teeth 8.1%). BCLP patients had a higher number of affected teeth, and left UCLP patients had a higher one compared to right UCLP patients. Distribution of inside (45.3%) and outside (54.7%) cleft region agenesis was similar. Adjacent (31.8%) and not adjacent (33.3%) combined dental anomalies were often encountered. CONCLUSIONS Dental anomalies were localized inside as well as outside cleft region and were often associated with each other. BCLP patients were more affected. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Early radiographic evaluation allows a comprehensive diagnosis of inside and outside cleft region anomalies, required for the multidisciplinary dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mangione
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paris Descartes University, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120, Montrouge, France
- Albert Chenevier Hospital, 40 rue de Mesly, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France
- La bor atory Orofacial Pathologies EA 2 496, Imagery and Biotherapies, Dental School and Life imaging Platform (PIV), Paris Desc artes University, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120, Montrouge, France
| | - Laure Nguyen
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paris Descartes University, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120, Montrouge, France
- Albert Chenevier Hospital, 40 rue de Mesly, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Foumou
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lille University, Place de Verdun, 59000, Lille, France
- Lille Regional University Hospital Center, 2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bocquet
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lille University, Place de Verdun, 59000, Lille, France
- Lille Regional University Hospital Center, 2 avenue Oscar Lambret, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Elisabeth Dursun
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paris Descartes University, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120, Montrouge, France.
- Albert Chenevier Hospital, 40 rue de Mesly, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France.
- Research Unit of Innovative Biomaterials and Interfaces EA 4462, Paris Descartes University, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120, Montrouge, France.
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Berniczei-Roykó Á, Tappe JH, Krinner A, Gredes T, Végh A, Gábor K, Linkowska-Świdzińska K, Botzenhart UU. Radiographic Study of the Prevalence and Distribution of Hypodontia Associated with Unilateral and Bilateral Clef Lip and Palate in a Hungarian Population. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3868-3885. [PMID: 27767023 PMCID: PMC5077290 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cleft defects are one of the most frequent birth-deformities of the orofacial region and they are commonly associated with anomalies of the tooth structure, size, shape, formation, eruption, and tooth number. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence, distribution, and potential association of combined hypodontia in cleft-affected patients with regard to all types of teeth in both jaws in the permanent dentition. Material/Methods This retrospective radiographic analysis included patients with various types of clefts treated orthodontically in the Department of Orofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics at Heim Pàl Children’s Hospital, Budapest. There were 150 patients (84 males, 66 females) with non-syndromic unilateral (UCLP; n=120 patients) or bilateral (BCLP; n=30 patients) cleft formation (lip, alveolus and palate) who met the inclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test (significance level p<0.05). Results Hypodontia was significantly more frequent in patients with cleft-sided lateral incisor (104 patients, 69%), with a total of 235 missing teeth, followed by the second premolars of the upper and lower jaw. A significant correlation of congenital missing teeth was observed in left-sided clefts between the upper and lower second premolar in the cleft area. Conclusions Hypodontia inside and outside the cleft area was frequently observed. This should affect the therapy plans, especially if the cleft-sided premolar is also absent. Further comprehensive research including numerous random samples is necessary for better estimating other possible associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Berniczei-Roykó
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Tappe
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Axel Krinner
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry (IMB), Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gredes
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - András Végh
- Department of Orofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Heim Pàl Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katona Gábor
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Bronchology, Heim Pàl Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ute Ulrike Botzenhart
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Evaluation of the Transverse Craniofacial Morphology of Adolescents With Repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. J Craniofac Surg 2016; 27:1870-1874. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000003065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Maternal active smoking and risk of oral clefts: a meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 122:680-690. [PMID: 27727103 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between maternal active cigarette smoking and the risk of oral clefts in the offspring. STUDY DESIGN Oral clefts are divided into three subgroups: total clefts, cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± P), and cleft palate only (CP). Data from studies on different levels of smoking were gathered to examine the dose-response effect. RESULTS The present meta-analysis included 29 case-control and cohort studies through Cochrane, PubMed, and Ovid Medline searches. A modest but statistically significant association was found between maternal active smoking and CL ± P (odds ratio [OR] 1.368; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.259-1.486) as well as CP (OR 1.241; 95% CI 1.117-1.378). Half the studies showed positive dose-response effect for each subgroup (test for linear trend, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS There is a moderate risk for having a child with a CL ± P or CP in women who smoke during pregnancy. We could not confirm whether there was a positive dose-response effect between maternal smoking and clefts.
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