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Bai Q, Guo HX, Su CY, Han QF, Wang T, Tang W. Serum Sphingosine-1-phosphate level and peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Ren Fail 2021; 42:829-835. [PMID: 32787649 PMCID: PMC7472472 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1805763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the important role of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in maintaining the hemostasis in intestinal barrier function and regulation of inflammation and immune, we hypothesize that S1P might be a biomarker to predict peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. METHODS In this case-control study, 78 stable, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients were enrolled and followed for the episode of PD associated peritonitis. Patients were divided into two groups by whether or not they had peritonitis during follow-up: non-peritonitis (n = 65) and peritonitis (n = 13) group. S1P was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with peritonitis. The variables identified by univariable regression models (p < 0.1) were further selected into the multivariable logistic regression model to determine whether they could independently affect peritonitis. RESULTS Patients with peritonitis had a lower level of S1P than that of patients without peritonitis (1.3 ng/mL IQ 0.8, 3.6 ng/mL vs. 2.8 ng/mL IQ 1.5, 5.4 ng/mL, p = 0.018). The peritonitis group had lower serum albumin, lower blood leukocyte, lower hemoglobin and lower platelet count as compared to the non-peritonitis group. Logistic regression analysis showed that S1P (OR = 0.381, 95% CI = 0.171-0.848, p = 0.018), blood leukocyte count (OR = 0.438, 95% CI = 0.207-0.925, p = 0.030), and serum albumin (OR = 0.732, 95% CI = 0.556-0.962, p = 0.025) were independent factors associated with peritonitis in the present PD population. CONCLUSION Our study showed that S1P was an independent determinant of subsequent peritonitis in PD patients. S1P might serve as a biomarker to predict peritonitis in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Xia Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Su
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Feng Han
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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2
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Adedeji A, Subudhi CP, Gokal R, Hutchison AJ, Kerr JR. Campylobacter jejuniBacteremia, Peritonitis, and Exacerbation of Chronic Pancreatitis in a Patient on CAPD: Case Report and Literature Review. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080002000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adekola Adedeji
- Department of Medical Microbiology Department of Renal Medicine Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chinari P.K. Subudhi
- Department of Medical Microbiology Department of Renal Medicine Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ram Gokal
- Department of Medical Microbiology Department of Renal Medicine Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair J. Hutchison
- Department of Medical Microbiology Department of Renal Medicine Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Kerr
- Department of Medical Microbiology Department of Renal Medicine Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester, United Kingdom
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3
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Piraino B, Bailie GR, Bernardini J, Boeschoten E, Gupta A, Holmes C, Kuijper EJ, Li PKT, Lye WC, Mujais S, Paterson DL, Fontan MP, Ramos A, Schaefer F, Uttley L. Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections Recommendations: 2005 Update. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080502500203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 516] [Impact Index Per Article: 129.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beth Piraino
- Renal Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Judith Bernardini
- Renal Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Amit Gupta
- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Clifford Holmes
- Renal Division, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, McGaw Park, Illinois, USA
| | - Ed J. Kuijper
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai-Choong Lye
- Centre for Kidney Diseases, Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Salim Mujais
- Renal Division, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, McGaw Park, Illinois, USA
| | - David L. Paterson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Alfonso Ramos
- Division of Nephrology, Hospital General de Zona #2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Franz Schaefer
- Pediatric Nephrology Division, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linda Uttley
- Renal Dialysis Treatment, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom
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4
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Sakao Y, Kato A, Sugiura T, Fujikura T, Misaki T, Tsuji T, Sakakima M, Yasuda H, Fujigaki Y, Hishida A. Cloudy Dialysate and Pseudomembranous Colitis in a Patient on CAPD. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080802800528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Sakao
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - A. Kato
- Division of Blood Purification Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T. Sugiura
- Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu Department of Internal Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T. Fujikura
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T. Misaki
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T. Tsuji
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - M. Sakakima
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - H. Yasuda
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Y. Fujigaki
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
| | - A. Hishida
- First Department of Medicine Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Fujinomiya Shizuoka, Japan
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5
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Hur K, Lee E, Kang J, Lee Y. Campylobacter fetus Peritonitis in a Patient with Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: A First Case Report in Korea. ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.5145/acm.2018.21.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyuhwa Hur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongmyeong Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangsoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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6
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Li PKT, Szeto CC, Piraino B, de Arteaga J, Fan S, Figueiredo AE, Fish DN, Goffin E, Kim YL, Salzer W, Struijk DG, Teitelbaum I, Johnson DW. ISPD Peritonitis Recommendations: 2016 Update on Prevention and Treatment. Perit Dial Int 2016; 36:481-508. [PMID: 27282851 PMCID: PMC5033625 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2016.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 610] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Beth Piraino
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Javier de Arteaga
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Privado and Catholic University, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Stanley Fan
- Department of Renal Medicine and Transplantation, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ana E Figueiredo
- Nursing School-FAENFI, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Douglas N Fish
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Goffin
- Department of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - Yong-Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease, Daegu, Korea
| | - William Salzer
- University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease, MI, USA
| | - Dirk G Struijk
- Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David W Johnson
- Department of Nephrology, University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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7
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Abstract
Reducing the frequency of peritonitis for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) continues to be a challenge. This review focuses on recent updates in catheter care and other patient factors that influence infection rates. An experienced nursing staff plays an important role in teaching proper PD technique to new patients, but nursing staff must be cognizant of each patient's unique educational needs. Over time, many patients become less adherent to proper dialysis technique, such as washing hands or wearing a mask. This behavior is associated with higher risk of peritonitis and is modifiable with re-training. Prophylactic antibiotics before PD catheter placement can decrease the infection risk immediately after catheter placement. In addition, some studies suggest that prophylaxis against fungal superinfection after antibiotic exposure is effective in reducing fungal peritonitis, although larger randomized studies are needed before this practice can be recommended for all patients. Over time, exit site and nasal colonization with pathogenic organisms can lead to exit-site infections and peritonitis. For patients with Staphylococcus aureus colonization, exit-site prophylaxis with either mupirocin or gentamicin cream reduces clinical infection with this organism. Although there are limited data for support, antibiotic prophylaxis before gastrointestinal, gynecologic, or dental procedures may also help reduce the risk of peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Segal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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8
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Ma TKW, Lee KP, Chow KM, Pang WF, Kwan BCH, Leung CB, Szeto CC, Li PKT. Campylobacter peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis: a review of 12 consecutive cases. Perit Dial Int 2013; 33:189-94. [PMID: 23032087 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2011.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis secondary to Campylobacter organisms is uncommon. Few studies have assessed either treatment or clinical outcomes. METHODS We reviewed all Campylobacter peritonitis episodes occurring in a single dialysis unit from 1994 to 2011. RESULTS During the study period, 12 episodes of Campylobacter peritonitis (0.45% of all peritonitis episodes) were recorded. Diarrhea was uncommon (8.3%). The overall primary response rate was 91.7%; the complete cure rate was 75.0%. Among 6 patients who failed to respond to standard antibiotics by day 5, all improved after administration of an oral macrolide (erythromycin or clarithromycin). Of those 6 patients, 5 experienced a complete cure, and 1 patient experienced relapse of culture-negative peritonitis. No patient required Tenckhoff catheter removal or temporary hemodialysis support. The 30-day mortality was 0%. CONCLUSIONS Campylobacter peritonitis might not respond to first-line conventional antibiotics, and an oral macrolide is recommended if Campylobacter is confirmed. The findings from our analysis do not support the use of fluoroquinolone, which is associated with a high resistance rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry King-wing Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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9
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Piraino B, Bernardini J, Brown E, Figueiredo A, Johnson DW, Lye WC, Price V, Ramalakshmi S, Szeto CC. ISPD position statement on reducing the risks of peritoneal dialysis-related infections. Perit Dial Int 2011; 31:614-30. [PMID: 21880990 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2011.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beth Piraino
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,1 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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10
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Elshafie SS, Asim M, Ashour A, Elhiday AH, Mohsen T, Doiphode S. Campylobacter Peritonitis Complicating Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature. Perit Dial Int 2010; 30:99-104. [DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2008.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The micro-organisms involved in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) peritonitis are usually gram-positive cocci of cutaneous origin. Campylobacter species are rarely implicated as a cause of CAPD peritonitis. Methods A retrospective review of 100 consecutive episodes of peritonitis was carried out in patients undergoing CAPD or automated PD in our hospital from June 2004 to December 2007. Collection of dialysate and microbial examination was done according to ISPD guidelines. Identification of the organism was made on the basis of Gram smear morphology, positive oxidase test, and biochemical reactions using API Campi (BioMérieux, Marcy l'Étoile, France). Susceptibility testing was performed using E-test (AB Biodisc, Solna, Sweden) and confirmation was done by molecular techniques. Results The causative organisms in 23 of these episodes were gram-negative bacteria, 3 of which were identified as Campylobacter species using special culture techniques. The clinical presentation in our patients with Campylobacter peritonitis (CP) was different from that of patients with peritonitis from other organisms in that all 3 had diarrhea at presentation. Among patients with CP, no subspecies-specific feature was identified. Good response to the antibiotic treatment was observed; there was no relapse/recurrence of peritonitis, catheter loss, or death. Conclusion Incidence of CP remains low and, regardless of the subtype, clinical outcomes are better than those seen with other gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas. The presence of diarrhea at presentation and the finding of curved or spiral gram-negative bacilli in the Gram smear of peritoneal dialysis effluent should make one think of CP. The use of appropriate microbiology techniques in this situation will increase the isolation of this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sittana S. Elshafie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Nephrology Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adel Ashour
- Nephrology Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Thoraya Mohsen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sanjay Doiphode
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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11
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Campylobacter fetus peritonitis and bacteremia in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 48:336-7. [PMID: 19889904 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01625-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of Campylobacter fetus peritonitis and bacteremia in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
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12
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13
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14
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Bender FH, Bernardini J, Piraino B. Prevention of infectious complications in peritoneal dialysis: best demonstrated practices. Kidney Int 2007:S44-54. [PMID: 17080111 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5001915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) related infections continue to be a serious complication for PD patients. Peritonitis can be associated with pain, hospitalization and catheter loss as well as a risk of death. Peritonitis risk is not evenly spread across the PD population or programs. Very low rates of peritonitis in a program are possible if close attention is paid to the causes of peritonitis and protocols implemented to reduce the risk of infection. Protocols to decrease infection risk in PD patients include proper catheter placement, exit-site care that includes Staphylococcus aureus prophylaxis, careful training of patients with periodic retraining, treatment of contamination, and prevention of procedure-related and fungal peritonitis. Extensive data have been published on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent exit site infections. There are fewer data on training methods of patients to prevent infection risk. Quality improvement programs with continuous monitoring of infections, both of the catheter exit site and peritonitis, are important to decrease the PD related infections in PD programs. Continuous review of every episode of infection to determine the root cause of the event should be routine in PD programs. Further research is needed examining approaches to decrease infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Bender
- Renal Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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15
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Ratnaraja N, Blackmore T, Byrne J, Shi S. Vibrio fluvialis peritonitis in a patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:514-5. [PMID: 15635032 PMCID: PMC540184 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.1.514-515.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of peritonitis due to Vibrio fluvialis in a patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; we believe the case to be associated with the consumption of poorly prepared seafood. This was shown to be an important but rare cause of recurrent infection in our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Ratnaraja
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.
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16
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Woo PCY, Lau SKP, Wong SSY, Yuen KY. Two cases of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis due to Plesiomonas shigelloides. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:933-5. [PMID: 14766895 PMCID: PMC344508 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.2.933-935.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe herein the first two cases of Plesiomonas shigelloides continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis. Both patients presented with abdominal pain and turbid dialysis effluent with or without fever. Both recovered after 10 days of intraperitoneal administration of cefazolin and tobramycin. The route of transmission may have been direct contamination of the connection device or bacterial translocation through the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Y Woo
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
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17
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Abstract
In spite of the reduction in peritonitis and catheter-related infection rates in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, these infections remain major sources of morbidity and transfer to haemodialysis. Touch contamination at the time of doing the exchanges is still a major cause of peritonitis and leads to Gram-positive organisms (coagulation-negative staphylococcus) being the most common pathogens. Newer exchange techniques have reduced this incidence but the more serious pathogens (Staphylococcal aureus, pseudomonas and fungi) remain a major problem. Treatment has to be immediate, and hence empirical, giving adequate cover for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. The use of vancomycin as an initial antibacterial has been discontinued because of the problem of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. Recent guidelines advocate the use of a first generation cephalosporin combined with ceftazidime (if the urine output is >100 ml/day) or an aminoglycoside in anuric patients. Subsequent therapy changes are made upon bacterial isolation and sensitivities. Vancomycin is reserved for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus. Peritoneal catheter-related infections (exit site and tunnel) are predominantly caused by S. aureus and pseudomonal organisms and can be difficult to eradicate. Tunnel infections invariably involve the catheter dacron cuffs and therefore are more likely to lead to peritonitis; in this situation catheter removal is the treatment of choice. Treatment of exit-site infections is with oral antibacterials (penicillinase-resistant penicillins, cefalexin). Vancomycin is avoided if possible. The identification that nasal carriage of S. aureus predisposes to exit-site and tunnel infections has led to prophylactic regimens to combat this problem. Mupirocin applied at the exit site leads to a reduction in catheter-related infections and peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gokal
- Department of Renal Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, University of Manchester, England.
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18
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Huysmans MB, Turnidge JD, Williams JH. Evaluation of API Campy in comparison with conventional methods for identification of thermophilic campylobacters. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:3345-6. [PMID: 8586735 PMCID: PMC228706 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.12.3345-3346.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
API Campy was compared with conventional biochemical methods for its ability to identify 100 thermophilic campylobacter isolates. When the results were read according to the manufacturer's instructions, API Campy showed 92% agreement with conventional methods. Extended incubation of the assimilation strip resulted in the correct identification of an additional two isolates. Discrepant results occurred for six isolates. Overall, API Campy offered no advantages over conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Huysmans
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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