1
|
Shah P, Hill R, Dion C, Clark SJ, Abakir A, Willems J, Arends MJ, Garaycoechea JI, Leitch HG, Reik W, Crossan GP. Primordial germ cell DNA demethylation and development require DNA translesion synthesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3734. [PMID: 38702312 PMCID: PMC11068800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in DNA damage response (DDR) factors are associated with human infertility, which affects up to 15% of the population. The DDR is required during germ cell development and meiosis. One pathway implicated in human fertility is DNA translesion synthesis (TLS), which allows replication impediments to be bypassed. We find that TLS is essential for pre-meiotic germ cell development in the embryo. Loss of the central TLS component, REV1, significantly inhibits the induction of human PGC-like cells (hPGCLCs). This is recapitulated in mice, where deficiencies in TLS initiation (Rev1-/- or PcnaK164R/K164R) or extension (Rev7 -/-) result in a > 150-fold reduction in the number of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and complete sterility. In contrast, the absence of TLS does not impact the growth, function, or homeostasis of somatic tissues. Surprisingly, we find a complete failure in both activation of the germ cell transcriptional program and in DNA demethylation, a critical step in germline epigenetic reprogramming. Our findings show that for normal fertility, DNA repair is required not only for meiotic recombination but for progression through the earliest stages of germ cell development in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Shah
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Ross Hill
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Camille Dion
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Stephen J Clark
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Abdulkadir Abakir
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Jeroen Willems
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Juan I Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry G Leitch
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Wolf Reik
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Gerry P Crossan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gudapati S, Chaudhari K, Dave A, Mohammad S, Muneeba S. A Case of Chemical Pregnancy in a Female With Turner Syndrome. Cureus 2023; 15:e47172. [PMID: 38022282 PMCID: PMC10652165 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic anomaly that is characterized by the absence of an X chromosome, either completely or partially. Primary amenorrhea, short stature, webbed neck, cubitus valgus, and a little intellectual disability are some of the characteristics. Infertility is also one of the most common clinical symptoms of TS-affected females. With the advent of assisted reproductive technology (ART), chances of childbearing possibilities for TS females have risen. Infertility issues in females with TS are challenging, but they can be managed with proper counseling and ART by artificial implantation, oocyte donation, and others. This case report aims to present the case of a 27-year-old female who had not attained her menarche and wanted to conceive. She was diagnosed with TS on the basis of clinical and laboratory investigations. The patient was, thereafter, treated for infertility by oocyte donation and conceived successfully.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sravya Gudapati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Kamlesh Chaudhari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Apoorva Dave
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shazia Mohammad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shaikh Muneeba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khoury B, Shakir MK, Hoang TD. Galactosaemia occurring in association with primary ovarian insufficiency, Addison's disease and chronic myeloid leukaemia. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e244788. [PMID: 34433538 PMCID: PMC8388307 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-244788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic galactosaemia is the most severe type, inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion and normally detected on newborn screening. It is caused by an inability to digest galactose due to a deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT), resulting in an intolerance of feeds in the neonatal period, failure to thrive, hypoglycaemia, jaundice, cataracts, hepatomegaly, vomiting, diarrhoea, developmental delay and an increased risk of Escherichia coli sepsis. The long-term sequelae of this disorder include cognitive impairment, neurological symptoms, such as ataxia, nutritional deficiencies, such as calcium and vitamin D, and gonadal dysfunction. We report here a case of a 34-year-old woman with classic galactosaemia diagnosed in adulthood, developing primary ovarian insufficiency and osteoporosis as well as primary adrenal insufficiency and chronic myeloid leukaemia, which are two associations not seen in current literature. Further studies are needed to determine if an association exists between these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Khoury
- Endocrinology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mohamed Km Shakir
- Endocrinology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Endocrinology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thanh Duc Hoang
- Endocrinology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Endocrinology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shukla V, Høffding MK, Hoffmann ER. Genome diversity and instability in human germ cells and preimplantation embryos. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 113:132-147. [PMID: 33500205 PMCID: PMC8097364 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Genome diversity is essential for evolution and is of fundamental importance to human health. Generating genome diversity requires phases of DNA damage and repair that can cause genome instability. Humans have a high incidence of de novo congenital disorders compared to other organisms. Recent access to eggs, sperm and preimplantation embryos is revealing unprecedented rates of genome instability that may result in infertility and de novo mutations that cause genomic imbalance in at least 70% of conceptions. The error type and incidence of de novo mutations differ during developmental stages and are influenced by differences in male and female meiosis. In females, DNA repair is a critical factor that determines fertility and reproductive lifespan. In males, aberrant meiotic recombination causes infertility, embryonic failure and pregnancy loss. Evidence suggest germ cells are remarkably diverse in the type of genome instability that they display and the DNA damage responses they deploy. Additionally, the initial embryonic cell cycles are characterized by a high degree of genome instability that cause congenital disorders and may limit the use of CRISPR-Cas9 for heritable genome editing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vallari Shukla
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miya Kudo Høffding
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva R Hoffmann
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Perniola R, Fierabracci A, Falorni A. Autoimmune Addison's Disease as Part of the Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 1: Historical Overview and Current Evidence. Front Immunol 2021; 12:606860. [PMID: 33717087 PMCID: PMC7953157 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.606860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS1) is caused by pathogenic variants of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene, located in the chromosomal region 21q22.3. The related protein, AIRE, enhances thymic self-representation and immune self-tolerance by localization to chromatin and anchorage to multimolecular complexes involved in the initiation and post-initiation events of tissue-specific antigen-encoding gene transcription. Once synthesized, the self-antigens are presented to, and cause deletion of, the self-reactive thymocyte clones. The clinical diagnosis of APS1 is based on the classic triad idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (HPT)—chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis—autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD), though new criteria based on early non-endocrine manifestations have been proposed. HPT is in most cases the first endocrine component of the syndrome; however, APS1-associated AAD has received the most accurate biochemical, clinical, and immunological characterization. Here is a comprehensive review of the studies on APS1-associated AAD from initial case reports to the most recent scientific findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Perniola
- Department of Pediatrics-Neonatal Intensive Care, V. Fazzi Hospital, ASL LE, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Falorni
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Besnard M, Padonou F, Provin N, Giraud M, Guillonneau C. AIRE deficiency, from preclinical models to human APECED disease. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm046359. [PMID: 33729987 PMCID: PMC7875492 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare life-threatening autoimmune disease that attacks multiple organs and has its onset in childhood. It is an inherited condition caused by a variety of mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene that encodes a protein whose function has been uncovered by the generation and study of Aire-KO mice. These provided invaluable insights into the link between AIRE expression in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), and the broad spectrum of self-antigens that these cells express and present to the developing thymocytes. However, these murine models poorly recapitulate all phenotypic aspects of human APECED. Unlike Aire-KO mice, the recently generated Aire-KO rat model presents visual features, organ lymphocytic infiltrations and production of autoantibodies that resemble those observed in APECED patients, making the rat model a main research asset. In addition, ex vivo models of AIRE-dependent self-antigen expression in primary mTECs have been successfully set up. Thymus organoids based on pluripotent stem cell-derived TECs from APECED patients are also emerging, and constitute a promising tool to engineer AIRE-corrected mTECs and restore the generation of regulatory T cells. Eventually, these new models will undoubtedly lead to main advances in the identification and assessment of specific and efficient new therapeutic strategies aiming to restore immunological tolerance in APECED patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Besnard
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Francine Padonou
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Nathan Provin
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Matthieu Giraud
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu H, Wei X, Sha Y, Liu W, Gao H, Lin J, Li Y, Tang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Su Z. Whole-exome sequencing in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency: early detection and early intervention. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:114. [PMID: 32962729 PMCID: PMC7510158 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The loss of ovarian function in women, referred to as premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), is associated with a series of concomitant diseases. POI is genetically heterogeneous, and in most cases, the etiology is unknown. Methods Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on DNA samples obtained from patients with POI, and Sanger sequencing was used to validate the detected potentially pathogenic variants. An in silico analysis was carried out to predict the pathogenicity of the variants. Results We recruited 24 patients with POI and identified variants in POI-related genes in 14 patients, including bi-allelic mutations in DNAH6, HFM1, EIF2B2, BNC, and LRPPRC and heterozygous variants in BNC1, EIF2B4, FOXL2, MCM9, FANCA, ATM, EIF2B3, and GHR. No variants in the above genes were detected in the WES data obtained from 29 women in a control group without POI. Determining a clear genetic etiology could significantly increase patient compliance with appropriate intervention strategies. Conclusions Our study confirmed that POI is a genetically heterogeneous condition and that whole-exome sequencing is a powerful tool for determining its genetic etiology. The results of this study will aid researchers and clinicians in genetic counseling and suggests the potential of WES for the detection of POI and thus early interventions for patients with POI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Key Clinical Discipline of Fujian province, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yanwei Sha
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Haijie Gao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Youzhu Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Yaling Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanlong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Key Clinical Discipline of Fujian province, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhiying Su
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Spath MA, Braat DD. Iatrogenic and non‐iatrogenic causes of female fertility loss that may indicate fertility preservation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2019; 98:559-562. [DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian A. Spath
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - Didi D.M. Braat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miranda-Furtado CL, Luchiari HR, Chielli Pedroso DC, Kogure GS, Caetano LC, Santana BA, Santana VP, Benetti-Pinto CL, Reis FM, Maciel MA, Ferriani RA, Ramos ES, Calado RT, Dos Reis RM. Skewed X-chromosome inactivation and shorter telomeres associate with idiopathic premature ovarian insufficiency. Fertil Steril 2019; 110:476-485.e1. [PMID: 30098699 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze whether telomere length, X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), and androgen receptor (AR) GAG polymorphism are related to idiopathic premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENT(S) A total of 121 women, including 46 nonsyndromic POI and 75 controls. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, E2, androstenedione, T, and C-reactive protein were assessed. Telomere length was estimated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, XCI was measured using the Human Androgen Receptor and X-linked retinitis pigmentosa 2 (RP2) methylation assays. AR and FMR1 polymorphism was assessed by quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. RESULT(S) Premature ovarian insufficiency women had a higher mean age, weighed less, and exhibited lower C-reactive protein, E2, and androstenedione levels. The AR polymorphism did not differ between the groups. Four patients had premutation (55-200 CGG repeats), and none displayed a full mutation in the FMR1 gene. However, patients with POI showed shorter telomere length and higher frequency of skewed XCI. Extreme skewing (≥90%) was observed in 15% of women with POI, and shorter telomeres correlated with XCI skewing in both groups. CONCLUSION(S) Skewed XCI and shortened telomere length were associated with idiopathic POI, despite no alterations in the AR and FMR1 genes. Additionally, there is a tendency for women with short telomeres to exhibit skewed XCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana L Miranda-Furtado
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloise R Luchiari
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daiana C Chielli Pedroso
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gislaine S Kogure
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lisandra C Caetano
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bárbara A Santana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane P Santana
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina L Benetti-Pinto
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariella A Maciel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rui A Ferriani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester S Ramos
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo T Calado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosana M Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zargar MH, Shafia S, Masoodi SR, Mahajan Q, Khan N, Ahmad R. Variations in the inhibin gene in Kashmiri women with primary ovarian insufficiency. HUM FERTIL 2018; 23:111-116. [PMID: 30340444 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2018.1525502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Inhibin is a glycoprotein produced by granulosa cells and its main function is the negative feedback control of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) which has an important role in folliculogenesis. Mutation in the INHα gene leading to decreased bioactive inhibin has been associated with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of variations in the INHα gene in increasing the susceptibility to POI in Kashmiri women. INHα c.769G > A mutation was analysed in 100 POI cases and 100 controls using PCR-RFLP and agarose gel electrophoresis. The INHα c.769G > A mutation was found in 10% of POI cases with 8% having heterozygous mutation and 2% having a homozygous mutation. The frequency of mutation in healthy controls was zero. Statistically, a very significant association was found between INHα c.769G > A mutation and the occurrence of POI (p = 0.0015). Moreover, the mutation was also significantly associated with high levels of FSH in POI patients (p < 0.0001). Given the significant association of INHα c.769G > A mutation with the increased FSH levels and POI in Kashmiri population, we suggest this mutation can be used to identify POI variants for screening of women susceptible to POI before the disease onset and can further facilitate putative therapy for such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahrukh Hameed Zargar
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Syed Shafia
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Shariq Rashid Masoodi
- Department of Endocrinology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Qurteeba Mahajan
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Nabeela Khan
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Rehana Ahmad
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ehlayel M, Soliman A, De Sanctis V. Linear growth and endocrine function in children with ataxia telangiectasia. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2014; 18:S93-S96. [PMID: 25538885 PMCID: PMC4266876 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.145079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare, genetic, primary immune deficiency disease characterized by immunodeficiency and neurological manifestations, with an increased tendency to infection, malignancy, and autoimmune diseases. Both growth delay and endocrine abnormalities are occasionally reported in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied growth parameters height (Ht), weight, body mass index (BMI) and calculated the Ht standard deviation scores (HtSDS) of 13 patients (age 7.7 ± 3.5 years-age range: 3-14.5 years) with AT in relation to their mid-parental Ht SDS (MPHtSDS). We measured their serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (PO4), alkaline phosphatase, alanine transferase (ALT), serum ferritin, creatinine and albumin concentrations. Endocrine investigations included the assessment of serum free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotropin (TSH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and morning cortisol. Complete blood count and serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies) were also measured. Growth data were correlated to hormonal and immune data. RESULTS About 31% of patients with AT had short stature (HtSDS <-2). However, their MPHtSDS denoted that their short stature was familial because four out of 13 had MPHtSDS <-2. They had low BMI, and two of them had low serum albumin and IGF-I, denoting malnutrition or disturbed growth hormone secretion. Elevated serum ALT and ferritin in some patients suggest immune-related inflammation in the liver. 30% of patients had high TSH, two of them had low FT4 diagnosing overt (15%) and sub-clinical (15%) hypothyroidism. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were high in two out of 13 patients denoting immune-related thyroid aggression. Eight out of 13 patients had Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) however, their serum Ca and PO4 levels were in the normal range. One adolescent girl (14.5 years) had hyper-gonadotropic hypogonadism (low estradiol and high follicle stimulating hormone). All patients had normal 8 AM cortisol and renal function. None of the growth parameters were correlated with the IgG, IgM or IgA levels. IN SUMMARY Patients with AT had a high prevalence of growth retardation and endocrine dysfunction in the form of low IGF-I, overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and hypogonadism. Physicians should be aware of these possible endocrinopathies for an early diagnosis and proper treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ehlayel
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, State of Qatar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ashraf Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, State of Qatar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vincenzo De Sanctis
- Pediatric and Adolescent Outpatient Clinic, Private Accredited Hospital Quisisana Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ayed W, Amouri A, Hammami W, Kilani O, Turki Z, Harzallah F, Bouayed-Abdelmoula N, Chemkhi I, Zhioua F, Slama CB. Cytogenetic abnormalities in Tunisian women with premature ovarian failure. C R Biol 2014; 337:691-4. [PMID: 25433561 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To identify the distribution of chromosome abnormalities among Tunisian women with premature ovarian failure (POF) referred to the department of Cytogenetic at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis (Tunisia), standard cytogenetic analysis was carried out in a total of 100 women younger than 40 affected with premature ovarian failure. We identified 18 chromosomal abnormalities, including seven X-numerical anomalies in mosaic and non-mosaic state (45,X; 47,XXX), four sex reversal, three X-structural abnormalities (terminal deletion and isochromosomes), one autosomal translocation and one supernumerary marker. The overall prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities was 18% in our cohort. X chromosome aneuploidy was the most frequent aberration. This finding confirms the essential role of X chromosome in ovarian function and underlies the importance of cytogenetic investigations in the routine management of POF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiem Ayed
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Amouri
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Wajih Hammami
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Kilani
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université El-Manar, 15, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, La Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zinet Turki
- Endocrinology Department, La Rabta Hospital and Al Manar University Tunis, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Harzallah
- Hôpital régional Mahmoud El Matri, rue Ibnou-Khaldoun, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Bouayed-Abdelmoula
- Département d'histologie embryologie, faculté de médicine de Sfax, boulevard Majida-Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Chemkhi
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fethi Zhioua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aziza Othmana University Hospital, place du Gouvernement, La Kasba, 1008 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Claude Ben Slama
- Endocrinology Department, La Rabta Hospital and Al Manar University Tunis, rue Djebel-Lakhdhar, 1007 Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang JJ, Cho LY, Lim YJ, Ko KP, Lee KS, Kim H, Yim SV, Chang SH, Park SK. Estrogen receptor-1 genetic polymorphisms for the risk of premature ovarian failure and early menopause. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2012; 19:297-304. [PMID: 20095908 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2008.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) genetic polymorphisms for early menopause that was classified as premature ovarian failure (POF) and early menopause (EM) and to examine whether the associations of ESR1 genetic variants are different for POF and EM. METHODS We selected 100 POF cases and matched 100 EM cases and 200 normal menopause (NM) controls from the Korean Multi-Center Cohort. Among them, we restricted idiopathic POF and EM cases vs NM controls by excluding POF/EM cases with medical/surgical causes. The XbaI (rs9340799) and PvuII (rs2234693) in the ESR1 gene were genotyped. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype effects were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression and haplotype analysis. Also nominal polytomous logistic regression was used to find whether ESR1 genetic variants are differently associated with POF and EM. RESULTS The global p values for idiopathic POF and EM were 0.08 and 0.39 (SNP-based), and <0.001 and 0.12 (haplotype-based), respectively. The XbaI genetic variant containing the X allele was marginally significantly associated with a reduced risk of idiopathic POF (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-1.0). The P-x haplotype and diplotypes significantly decreased the risk of idiopathic POF (OR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.2-0.9; OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9, respectively). In contrast from POF, the P-x haplotypes and diplotypes insignificantly increased the risk for both idiopathic EM (p(polytomous) = 0.009 for P-x haplotype; p(polytomous) = 0.02 for P-x diplotypes). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the ESR1 gene including PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms may modify the risk of idiopathic premature ovarian failure (POF) but not idiopathic early menopause (EM) risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Jeong Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Caburet S, Zavadakova P, Ben-Neriah Z, Bouhali K, Dipietromaria A, Charon C, Besse C, Laissue P, Chalifa-Caspi V, Christin-Maitre S, Vaiman D, Levi G, Veitia RA, Fellous M. Genome-wide linkage in a highly consanguineous pedigree reveals two novel loci on chromosome 7 for non-syndromic familial Premature Ovarian Failure. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33412. [PMID: 22428046 PMCID: PMC3302824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The human condition known as Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) is characterized by loss of ovarian function before the age of 40. A majority of POF cases are sporadic, but 10–15% are familial, suggesting a genetic origin of the disease. Although several causal mutations have been identified, the etiology of POF is still unknown for about 90% of the patients. Methodology/Principal Findings We report a genome-wide linkage and homozygosity analysis in one large consanguineous Middle-Eastern POF-affected family presenting an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. We identified two regions with a LODmax of 3.26 on chromosome 7p21.1-15.3 and 7q21.3-22.2, which are supported as candidate regions by homozygosity mapping. Sequencing of the coding exons and known regulatory sequences of three candidate genes (DLX5, DLX6 and DSS1) included within the largest region did not reveal any causal mutations. Conclusions/Significance We detect two novel POF-associated loci on human chromosome 7, opening the way to the identification of new genes involved in the control of ovarian development and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Caburet
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université Denis Diderot, CNRS UMR7592, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (SC); (MF)
| | - Petra Zavadakova
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ziva Ben-Neriah
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kamal Bouhali
- Évolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, CNRS UMR7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Dipietromaria
- Évolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, CNRS UMR7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Paul Laissue
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1016, Paris, France
| | - Vered Chalifa-Caspi
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sophie Christin-Maitre
- Inserm U933 Génétique de la Reproduction, Service d'Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1016, Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Levi
- Évolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, CNRS UMR7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Reiner A. Veitia
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université Denis Diderot, CNRS UMR7592, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII, Paris, France
| | - Marc Fellous
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1016, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (SC); (MF)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Relationship between inhibin-α gene polymorphisms and premature ovarian failure in Korean women. Menopause 2011; 18:1232-6. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31821d6f7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Artini PG, Ruggiero M, Papini F, Valentino V, Uccelli A, Cela V, Genazzani AR. Chromosomal abnormalities in women with premature ovarian failure. Gynecol Endocrinol 2010; 26:717-24. [PMID: 20653407 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2010.500427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure is a complex disorder that results in the early loss of ovarian function; however this disease must be separated from early menopause because these patients can sporadically ovulate and in literature are described pregnancies. The aetiology and the patho-physiology of premature ovarian failure are still matter of debate, but is commonly accepted that genetic factors play an important role. This review is aimed to present an overview of known inherited factor implied in the pathogenesis of this disorder to help physician in the counselling of affected pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giovanni Artini
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Via Roma 56, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mutational analysis of inhibin alpha gene revealed three novel variations in Indian women with premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 2010; 94:90-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 01/31/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
18
|
Balen AH, Harris SE, Chambers EL, Picton HM. Conservation of fertility and oocyte genetics in a young woman with mosaic Turner syndrome. BJOG 2010; 117:238-42. [PMID: 20002399 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02423.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A H Balen
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Oldenburg R, van Dooren M, de Graaf B, Simons E, Govaerts L, Swagemakers S, Verkerk J, Oostra B, Bertoli-Avella A. A genome-wide linkage scan in a Dutch family identifies a premature ovarian failure susceptibility locus. Hum Reprod 2008; 23:2835-41. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
|
20
|
Moumné L, Batista F, Benayoun BA, Nallathambi J, Fellous M, Sundaresan P, Veitia RA. The mutations and potential targets of the forkhead transcription factor FOXL2. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2008; 282:2-11. [PMID: 18155828 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of FOXL2, a gene encoding a forkhead transcription factor, have been shown to cause the blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES). This genetic disorder is characterized by eyelid and mild craniofacial abnormalities that can appear associated with premature ovarian failure. FOXL2 is one of the earliest ovarian markers and it offers, along with its targets, an excellent model to study ovarian development and function in normal and pathological conditions. In this review we summarize recent data concerning FOXL2, its mutations and its potential targets. Indeed, many mutations have been described in the coding sequence of FOXL2. Among them, polyalanine expansions and premature nonsense mutations have been shown to induce protein aggregation. In the context of the ovary, FOXL2 has been suggested to be involved in the regulation of cholesterol and steroid metabolism, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species detoxification and inflammation processes. The elucidation of the impact of FOXL2 mutations on its function will allow a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the BPES phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Moumné
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lynch DR, Braastad CD, Nagan N. Ovarian failure in ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 143A:1775-7. [PMID: 17593543 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2 (AOA2) is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with mutations in the Senataxin (SETX) gene. Clinical manifestations (ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, oculomotor apraxia) of this disease have previously been limited to the nervous system. We describe a patient homozygous for a novel mutation of SETX who manifested not only ataxia but also ovarian failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Lynch
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is gonadal failure before the age of 40 years. Several rare causes have been discovered yet we still fail to identify the cause in many cases. Although it was once thought to be a permanent condition, a substantial number of patients experience spontaneous remissions and even pregnancy. HRT remains the cornerstone of treatment and the only proven method of achieving pregnancy in these patients is by ovum donation. New alternatives to HRT and fertility preservation are under development. Basic understanding of ovarian physiology and pathogenesis of POF is necessary for the development of newer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sinha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Conquest Hospital, St Leonard's on Sea, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lacombe A, Lee H, Zahed L, Choucair M, Muller JM, Nelson SF, Salameh W, Vilain E. Disruption of POF1B binding to nonmuscle actin filaments is associated with premature ovarian failure. Am J Hum Genet 2006; 79:113-9. [PMID: 16773570 PMCID: PMC1474115 DOI: 10.1086/505406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Accepted: 04/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by elevated gonadotropins and amenorrhea in women aged <40 years. In a Lebanese family with five sisters who received the diagnosis of POF, we established linkage to the long arm of the X chromosome (between Xq21.1 and Xq21.3.3), using whole-genome SNP typing and homozygosity-by-descent mapping. By sequencing one candidate gene within that region, POF1B, we identified a point mutation localized in exon 10. This substitution of a nucleotide (G-->A), at position 1123, results in an arginine-->glutamine mutation of the protein sequence at position 329 (mutation R329Q). All the affected family members were homozygous for the mutation, whereas the unaffected members were heterozygous. Because POF1B shares high homology with the tail portion of the human myosin, we assessed the ability of both wild-type and mutant POF1B proteins to bind nonmuscle actin filaments in vitro. We found that the capacity of the mutant protein to bind nonmuscle actin filaments was diminished fourfold compared with the wild type, suggesting a function of POF1B in germ-cell division. Our study suggests that a homozygous point mutation in POF1B influences the pathogenesis of POF by altering POF1B binding to nonmuscle actin filaments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Lacombe
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California at Los Angeles, 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Barnett KR, Schilling C, Greenfeld CR, Tomic D, Flaws JA. Ovarian follicle development and transgenic mouse models. Hum Reprod Update 2006; 12:537-55. [PMID: 16728463 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dml022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian follicle development is a complex process that begins with the establishment of what is thought to be a finite pool of primordial follicles and culminates in either the atretic degradation of the follicle or the release of a mature oocyte for fertilization. This review highlights the many advances made in understanding these events using transgenic mouse models. Specifically, this review describes the ovarian phenotypes of mice with genetic mutations that affect ovarian differentiation, primordial follicle formation, follicular growth, atresia, ovulation and corpus luteum (CL) formation. In addition, this review describes the phenotypes of mice with mutations in a variety of genes, which affect the hormones that regulate folliculogenesis. Because studies using transgenic animals have revealed a variety of reproductive abnormalities that resemble many reproductive disorders in women, it is likely that studies using transgenic mouse models will impact our understanding of ovarian function and fertility in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K R Barnett
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lin YS, Yang ML. Familial Premature Ovarian Failure in Female Premutated Carriers of Fragile X Syndrome: a Case Report and Literature Review. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2006; 45:60-3. [PMID: 17272211 DOI: 10.1016/s1028-4559(09)60193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The fragile X syndrome is the most common form of familial mental retardation. Most males with the FMR1 full mutation function in the mentally retarded range of intelligence. In contrast, females with the FMR1 full mutation show a broader range of intelligence. The most impressive somatic involvement that is consistently found among only premutated carrier females, not full-mutation carriers, is premature ovarian failure (POF). CASE REPORT We report a family of fragile X syndrome. All six daughters had POF and both of the grandsons born to the daughters showed mental retardation. CONCLUSION We concluded that there was an association between fragile X syndrome premutation and POF, and established a model mechanism to explain the relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shiou Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) causing hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism occurs in 1% of women. In majority of cases the underlying cause is not identified. The known causes include: (a) Genetic aberrations, which could involve the X chromosome or autosomes. A large number of genes have been screened as candidates for causing POF; however, few clear causal mutations have been identified. (b) Autoimmune ovarian damage, as suggested by the observed association of POF with other autoimmune disorders. Anti-ovarian antibodies are reported in POF by several studies, but their specificity and pathogenic role are questionable. (c) Iatrogenic following surgical, radiotherapeutic or chemotherapeutic interventions as in malignancies. (d) Environmental factors like viral infections and toxins for whom no clear mechanism is known. The diagnosis is based on finding of amenorrhoea before age 40 associated with FSH levels in the menopausal range. Screening for associated autoimmune disorders and karyotyping, particularly in early onset disease, constitute part of the diagnostic work-up. There is no role of ovarian biopsy or ultrasound in making the diagnosis. Management essentially involves hormone replacement and infertility treatment, the only proven means for the latter being assisted conception with donated oocytes. Embryo cryopreservation, ovarian tissue cryopreservation and oocyte cryopreservation hold promise in cases where ovarian failure is foreseeable as in women undergoing cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology, The Middlesex Hospital, London W1T 3AA, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yu W, He X, Liu G, Chen Q. Identification and analysis of stage-specific expression of lysosome-associated protein transmembrane 4alpha gene during development of preimplantation rabbit nuclear transfer embryo. Mol Reprod Dev 2005; 68:415-21. [PMID: 15236324 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The stage-specific expression of Lysosome-associated protein transmembrane 4alpha (LAPTM4alpha) in preimplantation rabbit nuclear transfer (NT) embryo was identified with the DDRT-PCR and reverse Northern Blot. The full length (1,364 bp) cDNA of LAPTM4alpha was screened out from cDNA library constructed with rabbit ovary and in situ hybridization (ISH) was used to trace the distribution of the LAPTM4alpha mRNA in intra-ovary, especially the follicle which proved that the LAPTM4alpha gene expression is involved in the follicles development, maturation, ovulation, luteinization, and preimplantation development in the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica). To our knowledge, this is the first characterization of LAPTM4alpha gene expression and mRNA distribution in the rabbit ovary and first evidence for this gene involving in follicle development and rabbit preimplantation development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Yu
- Laboratory of Gene Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Munz W, Hammadeh ME, Seufert R, Schaffrath M, Schmidt W, Pollow K. Serum inhibin A, inhibin B, pro-αC, and activin A levels in women with idiopathic premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 2004; 82:760-2. [PMID: 15374731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2003] [Revised: 05/21/2004] [Accepted: 05/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Serum inhibin A, inhibin B, pro-alphaC, and activin A levels in 30 women with idiopathic premature ovarian failure (POF), 30 postmenopausal women, and 30 age-matched fertile women were determined. Women with POF showed low levels of inhibin A and inhibin B, but not of activin A, whereas the levels of pro-alphaC were significantly higher than in postmenopausal women. Thus, the circulating level of pro-alphaC could be a marker for assessing residual ovarian function in women with POF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winfried Munz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Saarland, Kirrberger Strasse, Homburg/Saar 66421, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sundblad V, Chiauzzi VA, Escobar ME, Dain L, Charreau EH. Screening of FSH receptor gene in Argentine women with premature ovarian failure (POF). Mol Cell Endocrinol 2004; 222:53-9. [PMID: 15249125 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2004.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2004] [Revised: 04/28/2004] [Accepted: 05/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diverse mutations in FSH-receptor (FSHR) gene have been described as possible cause of premature ovarian failure (POF). To investigate the presence of mutations and/or polymorphisms in FSHR gene, DNA from 20 POF, 5 of which were diagnosed as resistant ovary syndrome (ROS), and from 44 controls was isolated from peripheral lymphocytes. The complete coding sequence was analysed by PCR followed by SSCP, direct sequencing or restriction enzyme analysis. No mutations in FSHR gene were identified in the patients studied. The two already described polymorphisms in exon 10, A919G and A2039G, cosegregated in all the homozygous individuals, indicating that FSHR presents two isoforms: Ala307-Ser680 and Thr307-Asn680. OR results suggest that the 919G-2039G allelic variant or the homozygous genotype is not associated to disease risk. In addition, a heterozygous substitution T1022C (Val341Ala) was found in two control subjects. We suggest that mutations in FSHR gene are rare in women with POF in Argentine. Presence of a particular FSHR isoform does not appear to be associated with this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sundblad
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Park EH, Taketo T. Onset and progress of meiotic prophase in the oocytes in the B6.YTIR sex-reversed mouse ovary. Biol Reprod 2003; 69:1879-89. [PMID: 12904311 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.017541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
When the Y chromosome of a Mus musculus domesticus male mouse (caught in Tirano, Italy) is placed on a C57BL/6J genetic background, approximately half of the XY (B6.YTIR) progeny develop into normal-appearing but infertile females. We have previously reported that the primary cause of infertility can be attributed to their oocytes. To identify the primary defect in the XY oocyte, we examined the onset and progress of meiotic prophase in the B6.YTIR fetal ovary. Using bromo-deoxyuridine incorporation and culture, we determined that the germ cells began to enter meiosis at the developmental ages and in numbers comparable to those in the control XX ovary. Furthermore, the meiotic prophase appeared to progress normally until the late zygotene stage. However, the oocytes that entered meiosis early in the XY ovary failed to complete the meiotic prophase. On the other hand, a considerable number of oocytes entered meiosis at late developmental stages and completed the meiotic prophase in the XY ovary. We propose that the timing of entry into meiosis and the XY chromosomal composition influence the survival of oocytes during meiotic prophase in the fetal ovary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E-H Park
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fogli A, Rodriguez D, Eymard-Pierre E, Bouhour F, Labauge P, Meaney BF, Zeesman S, Kaneski CR, Schiffmann R, Boespflug-Tanguy O. Ovarian failure related to eukaryotic initiation factor 2B mutations. Am J Hum Genet 2003; 72:1544-50. [PMID: 12707859 PMCID: PMC1180314 DOI: 10.1086/375404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2003] [Accepted: 03/04/2003] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian failure (OF) at age <40 years occurs in approximately 1% of all women. Other than karyotype abnormalities, very few genes are known to be associated with this ovarian dysfunction. We studied eight patients who presented with premature OF and white-matter abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging. Neurological signs may be absent or present after OF. In seven patients, we report for the first time mutations in three of the five EIF2B genes (EIF2B2, -4, and -5) that were recently shown to cause childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination/vanishing white-matter disease leukodystrophy. The correlation we observed between the age at onset of the neurological deterioration and the severity of OF suggests a common pathophysiological pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fogli
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Diana Rodriguez
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Eléonore Eymard-Pierre
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Françoise Bouhour
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Pierre Labauge
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Brandon F. Meaney
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Susan Zeesman
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Christine R. Kaneski
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Raphael Schiffmann
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| | - Odile Boespflug-Tanguy
- INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 384, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital A. Trousseau, INSERM U546, Paris; Neurologie A, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nîmes, France; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, and Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada; and Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Luborsky JL, Meyer P, Sowers MF, Gold EB, Santoro N. Premature menopause in a multi-ethnic population study of the menopause transition. Hum Reprod 2003; 18:199-206. [PMID: 12525467 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deg005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature menopause, also termed premature ovarian failure (POF), is characterized by cessation of menstruation before the age of 40 years. Little information is available on the general prevalence of POF or on the prevalence by ethnic group. There is also a lack of information on the association of POF with health indicators. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of women aged 40-55 years was conducted at seven sites in the USA to determine eligibility for a community-based, multi-ethnic longitudinal study of the peri-menopause (The Study of Women Across the Nation, SWAN). Interview data were used to (i). determine the prevalence of self-reported POF overall and by ethnic group, and (ii). assess the association of POF with selected self-reported variables related to health. Cases of POF included only women with no discernible cause for POF. RESULTS POF was reported by 1.1% (126/11 652) of women. By ethnicity, 1.0% (95% CI, 0.7-1.4) of Caucasian, 1.4% (95% CI, 1.0-2.1) of African American, 1.4% (95% CI, 0.8-2.5) of Hispanic, 0.5% (95% CI, 0.1-1.9) of Chinese and 0.1% (95% CI, 0.02-1.1) of Japanese women experienced POF. The differences in frequency across ethnic groups were statistically significant (P = 0.01). Only Caucasian, African American and Hispanic women were included in further analyses since too few Asian women had POF. In a multivariate model, POF was independently associated with osteoporosis, female hormone use (excluding oral contraceptives), higher body mass index (BMI) and current smoking after adjustment for education level, ability to pay for basics, site and age at interview. In Caucasian women, use of female hormones, osteoporosis, severe disability and smoking were significantly associated with POF. In contrast, POF in African American women was associated with higher BMI and female hormone use, but not osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of POF appears to vary by ethnicity. Health factors associated with POF also vary by ethnicity but because of the cross-sectional study design, it is not possible to determine cause and effect relationships. Health risks of POF would benefit from further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Luborsky
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Preventive Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Escalier D, Eloy L, Garchon HJ. Sex-specific gene expression during meiotic prophase I: Xlr (X linked, lymphocyte regulated), not its male homologue Xmr (Xlr related, meiosis regulated), is expressed in mouse oocytes. Biol Reprod 2002; 67:1646-52. [PMID: 12390899 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.102.006973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Xmr (Xlr related, meiosis regulated) gene product is abundantly expressed in primary spermatocytes and is notably associated with nonrecombining segments of sex chromosomes in the XY body. Here we determined whether Xmr was expressed in meiotic oocytes. This was done by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cDNA sequencing, Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry. Unexpectedly, no Xmr message was detected in mouse fetal oocytes. Instead, Xlr (X linked, lymphocyte regulated), a closely related gene expressed in fetal thymus cells at the time of antigen-receptor gene rearrangement, was expressed in oocytes throughout meiotic prophase I. These findings indicate a sex-specific expression of two closely related members of the Xlr gene family during meiotic prophase I. The XLR protein may provide a useful marker for studies on chromatin condensation or DNA recombination in oocytes. In addition, because of the localization of the Xlr sequence family on the mouse X chromosome, the human equivalent of Xlr is a candidate gene for premature ovarian failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Escalier
- Laboratoire de Cytologie et Histologie, EA1533, 45, Rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Luborsky J. Ovarian autoimmune disease and ovarian autoantibodies. JOURNAL OF WOMEN'S HEALTH & GENDER-BASED MEDICINE 2002; 11:585-99. [PMID: 12396892 DOI: 10.1089/152460902760360540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Detection of specific autoantibodies remains the most practical clinical and research marker of autoimmune disease. The lack of consensus on ovary specific antibodies as a marker for ovarian autoimmunity has clinical and research consequences. The objective of this review is to summarize the evidence for ovarian autoimmunity and the detection of ovary specific autoantibodies in humans. Evidence favors the presence of an autoimmune disease of the ovary. Ovarian autoantibodies are associated primarily with premature ovarian failure (POF) and unexplained infertility. Variations in detection of ovarian autoantibodies are likely to be due to study design elements such as antibody test format, antigen preparation, and criteria for study and comparison groups. In addition, multiple targets appear to be involved in ovarian autoimmunity including ovarian cellular elements and oocyte related antigens. Many studies only assess one target antigen, leaving individuals with ovarian autoimmunity unidentified. The next most significant advance in characterizing ovarian autoimmunity will be definitive identification of the specific antigens and development of standardized tests based on use of specific antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Luborsky
- Reproductive Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush Medical College, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Falorni A, Laureti S, Candeloro P, Perrino S, Coronella C, Bizzarro A, Bellastella A, Santeusanio F, De Bellis A. Steroid-cell autoantibodies are preferentially expressed in women with premature ovarian failure who have adrenal autoimmunity. Fertil Steril 2002; 78:270-9. [PMID: 12137862 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of steroid-cell autoantibodies, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD) antibodies, 17alpha-hydroxylase (17alpha-OH) antibodies, and P450 side-chain cleavage antibodies in premature ovarian failure. DESIGN Cross-sectional, observational study. SETTING Academic research hospitals. PATIENT(S) Eighty-one women with premature ovarian failure, 20 women with Addison disease not associated with premature ovarian failure, 42 women with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and 90 healthy women. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum levels of steroid-cell autoantibodies, 17alpha-OH antibodies, P450 side-chain cleavage antibodies, and 3beta-HSD antibodies. RESULT(S) Steroid-cell autoantibodies were present in none of 57 women with isolated premature ovarian failure or premature ovarian failure plus nonadrenal autoimmune disease and in 21 of 24 (87%) women with Addison disease-related premature ovarian failure. 17alpha-Hydroxylase antibodies and P450 side-chain cleavage antibodies were significantly more frequent in women positive for adrenal autoantibodies than in those negative for adrenal autoantibodies (50% vs. 0% and 71% vs. 2%, respectively). The presence of 17alpha-OH antibodies or P450 side-chain cleavage antibodies was strongly associated with presence of steroid-cell autoantibodies. Two of 24 (8%) women with Addison disease-related premature ovarian failure and 1 of 57 (2%) women with isolated premature ovarian failure or premature ovarian failure plus nonadrenal autoimmune disease were positive for 3beta-HSD antibodies. None of 20 adult women with autoimmune Addison disease and none of 42 adult women with type 1 diabetes mellitus not associated with premature ovarian failure was positive for 3beta-HSD antibodies. CONCLUSION(S) Markers of steroid-cell autoimmunity are found only rarely in idiopathic premature ovarian failure not associated with Addison disease. Most women with Addison disease-related premature ovarian failure were positive for steroid-cell autoantibodies, 17alpha-OH antibodies, or P450 side-chain cleavage antibodies. 3beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase antibodies do not appear to be a major marker of steroid-cell autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Falorni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Marozzi A, Porta C, Vegetti W, Crosignani PG, Tibiletti MG, Dalprà L, Ginelli E. Mutation analysis of the inhibin alpha gene in a cohort of Italian women affected by ovarian failure. Hum Reprod 2002; 17:1741-5. [PMID: 12093833 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/17.7.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a secondary hypergonadotrophic amenorrhoea affecting 1-3% of females, whose aetiology is almost unknown. However, inhibin alpha gene (INHalpha) has recently been indicated as candidate in POF pathogenesis. METHODS We analysed patients affected by POF (n = 157) for the missense mutation (769G-->A transition) in the exon 2 of the INHalpha gene. The same analysis was carried out on early menopause (EM) (n = 36) and primary amenorrhoea (n = 12) patients. RESULTS The incidence of the mutation was significantly more frequent within both POF (7/157, 4.5%) (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.030) and primary amenorrhoea (3/12, 25%) (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.001) patients, compared with the control population of women (0/100), who experienced physiological menopause. No mutation was found in EM patients. Furthermore, the likelihood of finding the mutation was statistically significant in familial (5/65; 7.7%) (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.01) but not in sporadic (2/92; 2.2%) (Fisher's exact test, P = not significant) POF, compared with the control group. The analysis of pedigrees showing the inheritance of the 769G-->A mutation and POF strengthens the concept of the disease heterogeneity, since the POF phenotype was not always associated with the mutation. Moreover, a higher prevalence of the C allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism (129C-->T), located in the 5'-UTR of the INHalpha gene, was observed in POF patients (80.3%) than in the control group (66.7%) (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.014). CONCLUSION These data strengthen the concept of the INHalpha gene as a candidate for ovarian failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marozzi
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Milan, Via Viotti 3/5, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Morita Y, Maravei DV, Bergeron L, Wang S, Perez GI, Tsutsumi O, Taketani Y, Asano M, Horai R, Korsmeyer SJ, Iwakura Y, Yuan J, Tilly JL. Caspase-2 deficiency prevents programmed germ cell death resulting from cytokine insufficiency but not meiotic defects caused by loss of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (Atm) gene function. Cell Death Differ 2001; 8:614-20. [PMID: 11536012 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2000] [Revised: 12/22/2000] [Accepted: 01/03/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that programmed cell death claims up to two-thirds of the oocytes produced during gametogenesis in the developing fetal ovaries. However, the mechanisms underlying prenatal germ cell loss in females remain poorly understood. Herein we report that caspase-11 null female mice are born with a reduced number of oocyte-containing primordial follicles. This phenotype is likely due to failed cytokine processing known to occur in caspase-11 mutants since neonatal female mice lacking both interleukin (IL)-1alpha and IL-1beta also exhibit a reduced endowment of primordial follicles. In addition, germ cell death in wild-type fetal ovaries cultured ex vivo is suppressed by either cytokine, likely via ligand activation of type 1 IL-1 receptors expressed in fetal germ cells. Normal oocyte endowment can be restored in caspase-11 null female mice by simultaneous inactivation of the gene encoding the cell death executioner enzyme, caspase-2. However, caspase-2 deficiency cannot overcome gametogenic failure resulting from meiotic recombination defects in ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (Atm) null female mice. Thus, genetically distinct mechanisms exist for developmental deletion of oocytes via programmed cell death, one of which probably functions as a meiotic quality-control checkpoint that cannot be overridden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Morita
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vegetti W, Marozzi A, Manfredini E, Testa G, Alagna F, Nicolosi A, Caliari I, Taborelli M, Tibiletti MG, Dalprà L, Crosignani PG. Premature ovarian failure. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2000; 161:53-7. [PMID: 10773392 DOI: 10.1016/s0303-7207(99)00224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Secondary amenorrhoea with elevated gonadotrophins occurring under the age of 40 (premature ovarian failure (POF)), and at the age between 41 and 44 years (early menopause (EM)), respectively, affects 1-2% and 5% of women in the general population. Objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of familial cases of POF and EM and to assess the clinical and genetic characteristics of these patients. One hundred and sixty women with idiopathic secondary amenorrhoea before the age of 45 and serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels greater than or equal to 40 IU/l were included in the study. Tests performed on patients included complete medical history, pedigree's analysis, clinical pelvic examination, gonadotrophins and thyroid assessment, chromosomal analysis. The 160 patients included in the study showed idiopathic POF (n=130) or EM (n=30). Following pedigree assessment, we were able to identify an incidence of familial cases of 28.5% in the POF group (n=37) and of 50% in the EM group (n=15). POF and EM condition were often present in the same family. There were no differences between POF and EM patients and between familial and sporadic cases regarding age at menarche, personal history, gynaecological history, weight, height and diet habits. There was a statistically significant difference between sporadic and familial cases in age at POF onset: 32.0+/-7.3 years (12-40) compared to 35. 0+/-5.8 (18-40), respectively (P<0.05). The POF and EM families identified showed two or more affected females and transmission through either maternal or paternal relatives; in four families both maternal and paternal transmission was observed. This study suggests that idiopathic POF and EM conditions, differing only in age of menopause onset, may represent a variable expression of the same genetic disease. The different age of menopause onset in these patients may be explained by genetic heterogeneity and/or by different environmental factors. Our results indicate a high rate of familial transmission of the condition. Pedigree's analysis suggests an autosomal or an X-linked dominant sex-limited pattern of inheritance for POF and EM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Vegetti
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
McAuley K, Cambridge L, Galloway S, Sullivan J, Manning P. De novo deletion of Xq associated with premature ovarian failure. AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2000; 30:89-90. [PMID: 10800888 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2000.tb01064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
40
|
Marozzi A, Vegetti W, Manfredini E, Tibiletti MG, Testa G, Crosignani PG, Ginelli E, Meneveri R, Dalprà L. Association between idiopathic premature ovarian failure and fragile X premutation. Hum Reprod 2000; 15:197-202. [PMID: 10611212 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/15.1.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 106 women affected by premature ovarian failure (POF) were evaluated for fragile X (FRAXA) premutation. The POF patients were classified as having a familial condition (33 women), at least one relative with early menopause (12 women), or a sporadic condition (61 women). The FRAXA premutation was only detected in patients with familial (four out of 33) or sporadic POF (two out of 61). In general, the results obtained indicated that the prevalence [six out of 106, 6%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3-11%] of FRAXA premutation is significantly higher in women affected by POF than expected (P = 1.24x10(-3)), suggesting a phenotype consequence of the premutation alleles. This relationship is more convincingly derived from the observation in two analysed pedigrees of a co-segregation between FRAXA and POF. These findings suggest a possible involvement of premutated alleles in ovarian failure, and indicate the utility of POF families screening for FRAXA premutation in order to prevent the transmission of mental retardation syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Marozzi
- Department of Biology and Genetics for Medical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Viotti 3/5, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Durlinger AL, Kramer P, Karels B, de Jong FH, Uilenbroek JT, Grootegoed JA, Themmen AP. Control of primordial follicle recruitment by anti-Müllerian hormone in the mouse ovary. Endocrinology 1999; 140:5789-96. [PMID: 10579345 DOI: 10.1210/endo.140.12.7204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The dimeric glycoprotein anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of growth and differentiation factors. During male fetal sex differentiation, AMH is produced by Sertoli cells and induces degeneration of the Müllerian ducts, which form the anlagen of part of the internal female genital system. In females, AMH is produced by the ovary, but only postnatally. The function of AMH in the ovary is, however, still unknown. Female AMH null mice were reported to be fertile, with normal litter size, but this does not exclude a more subtle function for ovarian AMH. To investigate the function of AMH in the ovary, the complete follicle population was determined in AMH null mice, in mice heterozygous for the AMH null mutation, and in wild-type mice of different ages: 25 days, 4 months, and 13 months. In the present study we found that ovaries of 25-day- and 4-month-old AMH null females, compared to those of wild-type females, contain more preantral and small antral follicles. In addition, in 4- and 13-month-old AMH null females, smaller numbers of primordial follicles were found. Actually, in 13-month-old AMH null females, almost no primordial follicles could be detected, coinciding with a reduced number of preantral and small antral follicles in these females. In almost all females heterozygous for the AMH null mutation the number of follicles fell in between the numbers found in wild-type and AMH null females. In 4-month-old AMH null females serum inhibin levels were higher and FSH levels were lower compared to those in wild-type females. In contrast, inhibin levels were lower in 13-month-old AMH null females, and FSH levels were unchanged compared to those in wild-type females. Furthermore, the weight of the ovaries was twice as high in the 4-month-old AMH null females as in age-matched wild-type females. We conclude that AMH plays an important role in primordial follicle recruitment, such that more primordial follicles are recruited in AMH null mice than in wild-type mice; the mice heterozygous for the AMH null mutation take an in-between position. Consequently, the ovaries of AMH null females and those of females heterozygous for the AMH null mutation will show a relatively early depletion of their stock of primordial follicles. The female AMH null mouse may thus provide a useful model to study regulation of primordial follicle recruitment and the relation between follicular dynamics and ovarian aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Durlinger
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproduction, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|