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Clinical Significance of Intraoperative Exposure of Inferior Alveolar Nerve during Surgical Extraction of the Mandibular Third Molar in Nerve Injury. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194379. [PMID: 34640397 PMCID: PMC8509309 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During extraction surgery, the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) can occasionally be observed in the extraction socket of the mandibular third molar (M3). The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the incidence of IAN injury in groups with and without intraoperative IAN exposure during surgical extraction of M3, and to identify additional risk factors for the IAN injury in addition to the IAN exposure. A total of 288 cases in 240 patients, who underwent surgical extraction of M3 by a single surgeon, were divided into the exposed group (n = 69) and the unexposed group (n = 219). The surgeon recorded the information regarding the procedure when the clinical observation of IAN exposure was made during the surgery. The incidence of IAN injury after the extraction surgery was significantly higher in the exposed group than in the unexposed group (4.3% versus 0%, p < 0.05). Paresthesia was recognized in three cases of the exposed group, but it showed complete recovery within three postoperative months. No case of permanent paresthesia was detected in both groups. According to the logistic regression, the only significant risk factor of IAN injury in the exposed group was the increase of age (OR 1.108, p < 0.05). Intraoperative IAN exposure during surgical extraction of M3 may show a higher incidence of IAN injury than the case without IAN exposure, representing an incidence of 4.3%. Even if the paresthesia associated with IAN exposure occurs, it is likely to be a temporary injury, and this risk may increase with age.
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Longur ES, Yiğit Ö, Kalaycık Ertugay Ç, Araz Server E, Adatepe T, Akakın D, Orun O, Karagöz Köroğlu A. Effect of Bumetanide on Facial Nerve Regeneration in Rat Model. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 164:117-123. [PMID: 32600218 DOI: 10.1177/0194599820937670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of bumetanide alone and in combination with dexamethasone on facial nerve regeneration in rats with facial paralysis. STUDY DESIGN A prospective controlled animal study. SETTING An animal laboratory. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Facial paralysis was induced in 32 Wistar rats that we then divided into 4 groups: group 1, control; group 2, bumetanide; group 3, dexamethasone; group 4, bumetanide and dexamethasone. Electroneurography was performed 1, 2, and 4 weeks later, and nerve regeneration was evaluated by electron and light microscopy and Western blotting in week 4. RESULTS Regarding the comparison between preoperative values and week 4, the latency difference in group 1 (1.25 milliseconds) was significantly higher than those of groups 2 to 4 (0.56, 0.34, and 0.10 milliseconds, respectively; P = .001). The latency increment in groups 2 and 3 was higher than that of group 4 (P = .002 and P = .046) in week 4, whereas groups 2 and 3 did not differ significantly (P = .291). Amplitude difference was not statistically significant from week 4 among all groups (all P > .05). The number of myelinated axons was significantly higher in all treatment groups than in the control group (P = .001). Axon number and intensity were significantly higher in group 4 as compared with groups 2 and 3 (P = .009, P = .005). CONCLUSION After primary neurorrhaphy, dexamethasone and bumetanide alone promoted nerve recovery based on electrophysiologic and histologic measures. Combination therapy was, however, superior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Sevim Longur
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ercis State Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Özgür Yiğit
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Kalaycık Ertugay
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ela Araz Server
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgut Adatepe
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Akakın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oya Orun
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayça Karagöz Köroğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Gomita Y, Esumi S, Sugiyama N, Kitamura Y, Koike Y, Motoda H, Sendo T, Kano Y. Intracranial self-stimulation-reward induces neurite extension in PC12m3 cells and activation of the p38 MAPK pathway. Neurosci Lett 2017; 649:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yuan Q, Sun L, Yu H, An C. Human microvascular endothelial cell promotes the development of dorsal root ganglion neurons via BDNF pathway in a co-culture system. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1335-1342. [PMID: 28394221 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1313695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study found that co-culture with human vascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) is beneficial for dorsal root ganglion cells (DRGCs). The goal of the present study is to investigate whether co-culture with HMVECs could promote the development of DRGCs, and whether this effect is induced by the secretion of BDNF by HMVECs. DRGCs were mono-cultured, co-cultured with HMVECs or co-cultured with HMVECs that pre-transfected with BDNF siRNA, the expression of neurite formation and branching factors were determined. The results showed that transfecting with BDNF siRNA inhibited BDNF expression and reduced BDNF secretion. Co-culture with HMVECs increased the expression of Etv4, Etv5, FN-L, FN-M, and GAP-43 in DRGCs that accompanied by the activation of ERK pathway. However, these changes were all reversed by the inhibition of BDNF in HMVECs. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that HMVECs potentiated DRGCs development at least partly by the secretion of BDNF in the co-culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- a Department of Orthopedics , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- b Department of Nephrology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , People's Republic of China
| | - Honghao Yu
- a Department of Orthopedics , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhou An
- a Department of Orthopedics , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , People's Republic of China
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Zhang W, Miao Y, Xing Z, Li H, Liu H, Li Z. Growth-associated protein-43 expression in cocultures of dorsal root ganglion neurons and skeletal muscle cells with different neurotrophins. Muscle Nerve 2013; 47:909-15. [PMID: 23666783 DOI: 10.1002/mus.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Anatomy; Shandong University School of Medicine; 44 Wehua Xi Road; Jinan; Shandong Province 250012; China
| | - Yajun Miao
- Second Department of Internal Medicine; Shandong Communication Hospital; Jinan; China
| | - Ziying Xing
- Department of Anatomy; Shandong University School of Medicine; 44 Wehua Xi Road; Jinan; Shandong Province 250012; China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics; Shandong University Qilu Hospital; Jinan; China
| | - Huangxiang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology; Shandong University Qilu Hospital; Jinan; China
| | - Zhenzhong Li
- Department of Anatomy; Shandong University School of Medicine; 44 Wehua Xi Road; Jinan; Shandong Province 250012; China
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Li Y, Liu G, Li H, Xu Y, Zhang H, Liu Z. Capsaicin-Induced Activation of ERK1/2 and Its Involvement in GAP-43 Expression and CGRP Depletion in Organotypically Cultured DRG Neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 33:433-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-9909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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The effects of target skeletal muscle cells on dorsal root ganglion neuronal outgrowth and migration in vitro. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52849. [PMID: 23341911 PMCID: PMC3544851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Targets of neuronal innervations play a vital role in regulating the survival and differentiation of innervating neurotrophin-responsive neurons. During development, neurons extend axons to their targets, and then their survival become dependent on the trophic substances secreted by their target cells. Sensory endings were present on myoblasts, myotubes, and myofibers in all intrafusal bundles regardless of age. The interdependence of sensory neurons and skeletal muscle (SKM) cells during both embryonic development and the maintenance of the mature functional state has not been fully understood. In the present study, neuromuscular cocultures of organotypic dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explants and dissociate SKM cells were established. Using this culture system, the morphological relationship between DRG neurons and SKM cells, neurites growth and neuronal migration were investigated. The migrating neurons were determined by fluorescent labeling of microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) and neurofilament 200 (NF-200) or growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43). The expression of NF-200 and GAP-43 and their mRNAs was evaluated by Western blot assay and real time-PCR analysis. The results reveal that DRG explants showed more dense neurites outgrowth in neuromuscular cocultures as compared with that in the culture of DRG explants alone. The number of total migrating neurons (the MAP-2-expressing neurons) and the percentage NF-200-immunoreactive (IR) and GAP-43-IR neurons increased significantly in the presence of SKM cells. The levels of NF-200 and GAP-43 and their mRNAs increased significantly in neuromuscular cocultures as compared with that in the culture of DRG explants alone. These results suggested that target SKM cells play an important role in regulating neuronal protein synthesis, promoting neuritis outgrowth and neuronal migration of DRG explants in vitro. These results not only provide new clues for a better understanding of the association of SKM cells with DRG sensory neurons during development, they may also have implications for axonal regeneration after nerve injury.
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Karlidag T, Yildiz M, Yalcin S, Colakoglu N, Kaygusuz I, Sapmaz E. Evaluation of the effect of methylprednisolone and N-acetylcystein on anastomotic degeneration and regeneraton of the facial nerve. Auris Nasus Larynx 2012; 39:145-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yeyeodu ST, Witherspoon SM, Gilyazova N, Ibeanu GC. A rapid, inexpensive high throughput screen method for neurite outgrowth. CURRENT CHEMICAL GENOMICS 2010; 4:74-83. [PMID: 21347208 PMCID: PMC3040990 DOI: 10.2174/1875397301004010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neurite outgrowth assays are the most common phenotypic screen to assess chemical effects on neuronal cells. Current automated assays involve expensive equipment, lengthy sample preparation and handling, costly reagents and slow rates of data acquisition and analysis. We have developed a high throughput screen (HTS) for neurite outgrowth using a robust neuronal cell model coupled to fast and inexpensive visualization methods, reduced data volume and rapid data analysis. Neuroscreen-1 (NS-1) cell, a subclone of PC12, possessing rapid growth and enhanced sensitivity to NGF was used as a model neuron. This method reduces preparation time by using cells expressing GFP or native cells stained with HCS CellMask(™) Red in a multiplexed 30 min fixation and staining step. A 2x2 camera binning process reduced both image data files and analysis times by 75% and 60% respectively, compared to current protocols. In addition, eliminating autofocus steps during montage generation reduced data collection time. Pharmacological profiles for stimulation and inhibition of neurite outgrowth by NGF and SU6656 were comparable to current standard method utilizing immunofluorescence detection of tubulin. Potentiation of NGF-induced neurite outgrowth by members of a 1,120-member Prestwick compound library as assayed using this method identified six molecules, including etoposide, isoflupredone acetate, fludrocortisone acetate, thioguanosine, oxyphenbutazone and gibberellic acid, that more than doubled the neurite mass primed by 2 ng/ml NGF. This simple procedure represents an important routine approach in high throughput screening of large chemical libraries using the neurite outgrowth phenotype as a measure of the effects of chemical molecules on neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan T Yeyeodu
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, 1801 Fayetteville Street, Durham, NC. 27707, USA
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Bioavailability effect of methylprednisolone by polymeric micelles. Pharm Res 2007; 25:39-47. [PMID: 17990084 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of PEO-PPO-PEO polymeric micelles (PM) formulation on the bioavailability of methylprednisolone (MP), a treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), to the blood and spinal cord (SC) of rabbits. METHODS The characteristic of MP formulated with PM (MP/PM) was evaluated by critical micelles concentration (CMC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and in vitro kinetic release measurements. HPLC was used to analyze the MP disposition in plasma and SC of rabbits receiving single dose intravenous administration. After MP/PM delivery, the mRNA and protein levels of anti-apoptotic marker, Bcl-x(L), were monitored by Reverse Transcription -Real-Time -Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting analysis, respectively. RESULTS At a concentration of 0.1% and at 25 degrees C, PEO-PPO-PEO copolymers formed micelles shown by fluorescence probe, DLS and solubility test. The size of the MP/PM was in an average of 60 nm with a single, rounded shape detected under AFM. Being formulated with 6% PM, MP had higher solubility (219.6 +/- 3.6 microg/ml) and release rate (11.1 +/- 0.4 ng min(1/2)) at 37 degrees C. After intravenously administrated with single dose of 1 mg/kg of MP/PM to rabbits, higher levels of MP in plasma and SC were detected compared to animals receiving an equal dose of MP, analyzed by HPLC. PM formulation markedly increased (7-fold) the plasma half-lives (t (1/2)) of MP (from 76.1 +/- 8.0 to 514.3 +/- 70.0 min). In addition, the SC t (1/2) of MP/PM also increased from 278 to 528 min. In SC, the mRNA level of Bcl-x(L) increased 4-fold in animals receiving MP/PM compared to that with MP alone at 7 h post-administration. Similar elevated Bcl-x(L) protein was also detected upon MP/PM administration compared to MP. CONCLUSIONS PM vehicle was able to deliver MP to improve its pharmacokinetic profile in plasma and SC with higher expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-x(L) at both mRNA and protein levels.
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Tsai SY, Yang LY, Wu CH, Chang SF, Hsu CY, Wei CP, Leu SJ, Liaw J, Lee YH, Tsai MD. Injury-induced Janus kinase/protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of growth-associated protein 43 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 for neurite growth in dorsal root ganglion. J Neurosci Res 2007; 85:321-31. [PMID: 17131417 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Elevation of corticosteroids and excessive glutamate release are the two major stress responses that occur sequentially during traumatic CNS injury. We have previously reported that sequential application of corticosterone and kainic acid (CORT + KA) mimicking the nerve injury condition results in synergistic enhancement of neurite outgrowth and expression of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) in cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG). GAP-43 is known to promote neurite extension when phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC). In addition, PKC can phosphorylate the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at Ser727, which is phosphorylated primarily by Janus kinase (JAK) at Tyr705. In this study, we further examine the role of PKC in this stress-induced growth-promoting effect. In the cultured DRG neurons, the JAK inhibitor AG-490 and the PKC inhibitor Ro-318220 reduced the CORT + KA-enhanced neurite growth effect when applied prior to CORT and KA treatment, respectively. Both AG-490 and Ro-318220 diminished the CORT + KA-enhanced GAP-43 expression, phosphorylation, and axonal localization. Furthermore, CORT + KA treatment synergistically phosphorylated STAT3 at Ser727 but not at Tyr705. Similar phenomena were observed in an animal model of acute spinal cord injury (SCI), in which phosphorylation of GAP-43 and phospho-Ser727-STAT3 was elevated in the injured DRG 4 hr after the impact injury. Further treatment with the therapeutic glucocorticoid methylprednisolone enhanced the phosphorylation of GAP-43 in both the DRG and the spinal cord of SCI rats. These results suggest that elevated glucocorticoids and overexcitation following CNS injury contribute to nerve regeneration via induction of JAK/PKC-mediated GAP-43 and STAT3 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ying Tsai
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Discussion. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000232978.54091.1c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Monnerie H, Le Roux PD. Glutamate receptor agonist kainate enhances primary dendrite number and length from immature mouse cortical neurons in vitro. J Neurosci Res 2006; 83:944-56. [PMID: 16498632 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate is an important regulator of dendrite development that may inhibit, (during ischemic injury), or facilitate (during early development) dendrite growth. Previous studies have reported mainly on the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated dendrite growth-promoting effect of glutamate. In this study, we examined how the non-NMDA receptor agonist kainate influenced dendrite growth. E18 mouse cortical neurons were grown for 3 days in vitro and immunolabeled with anti-microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and anti-neurofilament (NF-H), to identify dendrites and axons, respectively. Exposure of cortical neurons to kainate increased dendrite growth without affecting neuron survival. This effect was dose-dependent, reversible and blocked by the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionate (AMPA)/kainate receptor antagonist NBQX and the low-affinity kainate receptor antagonist NS-102, but not by the AMPA receptor antagonist CFM-2. In addition, the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 had no effect on kainate-induced dendrite growth. Immunolabeling and Western blot analysis of kainate receptors using antibodies against the GluR6 and KA2 subunits, demonstrated that the immature cortical neurons used in this study express kainate receptor proteins. These results suggest that kainate-induced non-NMDA receptor activation promotes dendrite growth, and in particular primary dendrite number and length, from immature cortical neurons in vitro, and that kainate receptors may be directly involved in this process. Furthermore, these data support the possibility that like NMDA receptors, kainate receptor activation may also contribute to early neurite growth from cortical neurons in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Monnerie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
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Santafé MM, Sabaté MM, Garcia N, Ortiz N, Lanuza MA, Tomas J. Changes in the neuromuscular synapse induced by an antibody against gangliosides. Ann Neurol 2005; 57:396-407. [PMID: 15732093 DOI: 10.1002/ana.20403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used a monoclonal IgM antibody from a patient with a pure motor chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy, which binds specifically to the complex gangliosides GM(2), GalNAc-GD(1a), and GalNAc-GM(1b), which appear to have a common epitope of -[GalNAcbeta1-4Gal(3-2alphaNeuAc)beta1]. This was done for the following reasons: (1) to localize these gangliosides in specific cellular components of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), and (2) to describe the anti-ganglioside antibody-induced structural and functional changes in the NMJs to gain insight into the role of gangliosides in the synaptic function. Using immunofluorescence techniques, we found that these gangliosides are located only in the presynaptic component of the motor end-plates, both in nerve terminals and in Schwann cells. After 2 weeks of continued passive transfer of the IgM monoclonal antibody over the mouse levator auris longus muscle, electromyography showed an axonal or NMJ disorder. Morphology showed important nerve terminal growth and retraction changes. Using intracellular recording electrophysiology, we found neurotransmitter release alterations, including quantal content reduction and an immature expression of voltage-dependent calcium channels similar to what occurred during NMJ development and regeneration. These changes were complement independent. The results showed that these gangliosides were involved in the reciprocal Schwann cell-nerve terminal interactions, including structural stability and neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel M Santafé
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHN), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, carrer St Llorenç #21, 43201 Reus, Spain
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Seo K, Tanaka Y, Terumitsu M, Someya G. Efficacy of steroid treatment for sensory impairment after orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 62:1193-7. [PMID: 15452804 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2004.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Steroid hormones are therapeutic for motor and/or sensory dysfunctions caused by nerve injury. However, the timing for giving such medicine is unclear. This study aimed to estimate the efficacy of steroid treatment and determine an appropriate start time after sensory impairment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-seven patients with sensory impairment who received orthognathic surgery were classified into groups called 1W (n = 6), 3W (n = 6), or 6W (n = 8) group on the basis of start time for steroid treatment, being 1 week, 3 weeks, or 6 weeks after surgery, respectively, and a no steroid treatment (NST) group (a control group) (n = 6) that did not receive treatment for 10 to 12 weeks after surgery. Sensory impairment was diagnosed if postoperative first week mechanical-touch threshold was over 4.0 as measured by Semmes aesthesiometer. Prednisolone treatment was administered orally to patients at 30 mg for 7 days, 15 mg for 4 days, and 5 mg for 3 days. Mechanical-touch threshold and thermal perceptions were compared before and after treatment. RESULTS At 1 week postoperatively, there were no significant differences in mechanical-touch threshold among the 4 groups (analysis of variance, P >.05). Changes in mechanical-touch threshold in the 1W group showed no significant improvement (analysis of variance, P >.05), but in the 3W and 6W groups, there were significant differences compared with the NST group (Dunns methods, P <.05). CONCLUSIONS Steroid treatment for sensory impairment after orthognathic surgery has the potential to accelerate recovery and it appears desirable to start treatment later than 1 week postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Seo
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata City 951-8514, Japan.
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