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Panara A, Gikas E, Tzavellas I, Thomaidis NS. Comprehensive HRMS Chemical Characterization of Pomegranate-Based Antioxidant Drinks via a Newly Developed Suspect and Target Screening Workflow. Molecules 2023; 28:4986. [PMID: 37446648 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants play a significant role in human health, protecting against a variety of diseases. Therefore, the development of products with antioxidant activity is becoming increasingly prominent in the human lifestyle. New antioxidant drinks containing different percentages of pomegranate, blackberries, red grapes, and aronia have been designed, developed, and manufactured by a local industry. The comprehensive characterization of the drinks' constituents has been deemed necessary to evaluate their bioactivity. Thus, LC-qTOFMS has been selected, due to its sensitivity and structure identification capability. Both data-dependent and -independent acquisition modes have been utilized. The data have been treated according to a novel, newly designed workflow based on MS-DIAL and MZmine for suspect, as well as target screening. The classical MS-DIAL workflow has been modified to perform suspect and target screening in an automatic way. Furthermore, a novel methodology based on a compiled bioactivity-driven suspect list was developed and expanded with combinatorial enumeration to include metabolism products of the highlighted metabolites. Compounds belonging to ontologies with possible antioxidant capacity have been identified, such as flavonoids, amino acids, and fatty acids, which could be beneficial to human health, revealing the importance of the produced drinks as well as the efficacy of the new in-house developed workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Panara
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Evagelos Gikas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Tzavellas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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Blackberry Leaves as New Functional Food? Screening Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Microbiological Activities in Correlation with Phytochemical Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121945. [PMID: 34943048 PMCID: PMC8750396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Blackberry fruits are recognized as functional foods while blackberry leaves are outside this classification and they also contain active compounds with health-promoting potential. Therefore, the aim of this study was the phytochemical analysis of blackberry leaves of varieties (Chester, Loch Ness, Loch Tay and Ruczaj) and screening of their biological activity (antioxidant potential, possibility of inhibition of enzymes, anti-inflammatory and microbial activity). The following compounds from selected groups: phenolic acids (caffeic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid), flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol) and their glycosides (rutin, isoquercetin, hyperoside) and flavon-3-ols (catechin, epicatechin) were chromatographically determined in the aqueous and hydroalcoholic leaves extracts. All tested blackberry leaves extracts showed antioxidant effects, but the highest compounds content (TPC = 101.31 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (e.g., DPPH IC50 = 57.37 μg/mL; ABTS IC50 = 24.83 μg/mL; CUPRAC IC50 = 62.73 μg/mL; FRAP IC50 = 39.99 μg/mL for hydroalcoholic extracts) was indicated for the Loch Tay variety. Blackberry leaf extracts’ anti-inflammatory effect was also exceptionally high for the Loch Tay variety (IC50 = 129.30 μg/mL), while leaves extracts of the Loch Ness variety showed a significant potential for microbial activity against Lactobacillus spp. and Candida spp. Summarizing, the best multidirectional pro-health effect was noted for leaves extracts of Loch Tay variety.
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Alsubaie H, Zaheer Z, Aazam ES. Role of ionic surfactants on the nucleation and growth of silver nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Weli AM, Al-Saadi HS, Al-Fudhaili RS, Hossain A, Putit ZB, Jasim MK. Cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential of different leaves extracts of R. fruticosus used traditionally to treat diabetes. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:183-187. [PMID: 33384939 PMCID: PMC7772486 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubus fruticosus is an indigenous plant used traditionally in Oman to treat different disorders. Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts and isolated fractions of the selected plant was determined by diffusion method. Cytotoxic activity of crude extracts and isolated fractions of the selected plant was determined by brine shrimp method. Hydro alcoholic extract showed the highest activity and it could be used as folk medicine to treat diseases.
Medicinal plant as herbal medicine is widely used to cure infectious diseases. Rubus fruticosus L (R. fruticosus) has been studied for its antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Different polarity leave extracts were prepared by using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and hydro alcoholic solvents. Agar diffusion method has been used to assess the antibacterial activity against two gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus and two gram-negative Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenza bacterial strains. Cytotoxic activity was carried out against brine shrimp using the nauplii method (BSL). The results so obtained for various experiments demonstrates the total number of extracts produces moderate to strong antibacterial activity against the gram (+ and -). The best activity was discovered within hydro alcoholic upon all concentrations, whereas the inhibition zone exists within the range of 6−11 mm. In addition to that, the cytotoxic activity test confirms that hydro alcoholic extracts the maximum toxicity for values LC50 (4.68–6.96 μg/ml), where the LC50 values for all extracts be located within the range of 4.68–6.96 μg/ml. Finally, the plant itself and its derived extracts have been used as a folk medicine to treat serious infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf M Weli
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nursing, University of Nizwa, Oman
| | - Hanady S Al-Saadi
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nursing, University of Nizwa, Oman
| | | | - Amzad Hossain
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nursing, University of Nizwa, Oman
| | - Zabida Binti Putit
- School of Nursing, College of Pharmacy and Nursing 1, University of Nizwa, Oman
| | - Mahmood K Jasim
- Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman
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Effect of modified di- and trisaccharides on hyaluronidase activity assessed by capillary electrophoresis-based enzymatic assay. Carbohydr Res 2019; 475:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Tabarki S, Aouadhi C, Mechergui K, Hammi KM, Ksouri R, Raies A, Toumi L. Comparison of Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Rubus ulmifolius Extracts Originating from Four Regions of Tunisia. Chem Biodivers 2016; 14. [PMID: 27514988 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the phenolic composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts from Rubus ulmifolius Schott leaves harvested in four localities (Sejnen, Tabarka, Faija and Ain drahem) in Tunisia were investigated for the first time. Great differences were found for the chemical composition, total phenol contents and biological activities among the evaluated extracts. HPLC analysis of methanolic extracts showed that the dominant compounds were kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside and naringenine. In addition, significant correlations were observed between antioxidant activities and phenolic contents. In fact, leaves collected from Sejnen presented higher total phenol content (53.32 mg GAE/g DW) and antioxidant activities (IC50 = 39.40 mg/l) than the others samples. All extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity against six used bacteria with the inhibition zones diameters and minimal inhibitory concentration values were in the range of 8 - 16 mm and 6.25 - 25 mg/ml, respectively. The highest antimicrobial activities were recorded in Sejnen extract against Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Tabarki
- Laboratory of Sylvo - Pastoral Resources of Tabarka, Institute of Sylvo-Pastoral, Jendouba University, 8110, Tabarka, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, LPAM, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Chedia Aouadhi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia (IPT), BP 74, 13 place Pasteur, Belvédère, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kaouther Mechergui
- National Institute for Research in Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry, Street Hedi Karay PB 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Mkadmini Hammi
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, LPAM, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, LPAM, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Aly Raies
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis EL Manar, 2092 EL Manar II, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Toumi
- Laboratory of Sylvo - Pastoral Resources of Tabarka, Institute of Sylvo-Pastoral, Jendouba University, 8110, Tabarka, Tunisia
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Skrovankova S, Sumczynski D, Mlcek J, Jurikova T, Sochor J. Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Types of Berries. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24673-706. [PMID: 26501271 PMCID: PMC4632771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries, especially members of several families, such as Rosaceae (strawberry, raspberry, blackberry), and Ericaceae (blueberry, cranberry), belong to the best dietary sources of bioactive compounds (BAC). They have delicious taste and flavor, have economic importance, and because of the antioxidant properties of BAC, they are of great interest also for nutritionists and food technologists due to the opportunity to use BAC as functional foods ingredients. The bioactive compounds in berries contain mainly phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, such as anthocyanins and flavonols, and tannins) and ascorbic acid. These compounds, either individually or combined, are responsible for various health benefits of berries, such as prevention of inflammation disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or protective effects to lower the risk of various cancers. In this review bioactive compounds of commonly consumed berries are described, as well as the factors influencing their antioxidant capacity and their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Skrovankova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nam. T.G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Daniela Sumczynski
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nam. T.G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Mlcek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, nam. T.G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Tunde Jurikova
- Institut for Teacher Training, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Drazovska 4, Nitra SK-949 74, Slovakia.
| | - Jiri Sochor
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic.
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Zia-Ul-Haq M, Riaz M, De Feo V, Jaafar HZE, Moga M. Rubus fruticosus L.: constituents, biological activities and health related uses. Molecules 2014; 19:10998-1029. [PMID: 25072202 PMCID: PMC6271759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190810998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus fruticosus L. is a shrub famous for its fruit called blackberry fruit or more commonly blackberry. The fruit has medicinal, cosmetic and nutritive value. It is a concentrated source of valuable nutrients, as well as bioactive constituents of therapeutic interest highlighting its importance as a functional food. Besides use as a fresh fruit, it is also used as ingredient in cooked dishes, salads and bakery products like jams, snacks, desserts, and fruit preserves. R. fruticosus contains vitamins, steroids and lipids in seed oil and minerals, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenes, acids and tannins in aerial parts that possess diverse pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial anti-diabetic, anti-diarrheal, and antiviral. Various agrogeoclimatological factors like cultivar, environmental conditions of the area, agronomic practices employed, harvest time, post-harvest storage and processing techniques all influence the nutritional composition of blackberry fruit. This review focuses on the nutrients and chemical constituents as well as medicinal properties of different parts of R. fruticosus. Various cultivars and their physicochemical characteristics, polyphenolic content and ascorbic acid content are also discussed. The information in the present work will serve as baseline data and may lead to new biomedical applications of R. fruticosus as functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq
- The Patent Office, Kandawala Building, M.A. Jinnah Road, Karachi-74400, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Dir Upper-2500, Pakistan.
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Salerno, Salerno 84100, Italy.
| | - Hawa Z E Jaafar
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Marius Moga
- Department of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov 500036 Romania.
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Wahby A, Mahdy ESM, EL-mezayen HA, Salama WH, Ebrahim NM, Abdel-Aty AM, Fahmy AS. Role of hyaluronidase inhibitors in the neutralization of toxicity of Egyptian horned viper Cerastes cerastes venom. JOURNAL OF GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Sumantran VN, Kulkarni A, Chandwaskar R, Harsulkar A, Patwardhan B, Chopra A, Wagh UV. Chondroprotective Potential of Fruit Extracts of Phyllanthus emblica in Osteoarthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 5:329-35. [PMID: 18830448 PMCID: PMC2529383 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for effective nutraceuticals for osteoarthritis care. The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica is used as a powerful rejuvenator in Ayurvedic medicine. This study measured the chondroprotective potential of P. emblica (‘Amalaki’) fruits in vitro. We used aqueous extracts of unprocessed P. emblica fruit powder (powder A), and the powder obtained after hot water extraction and drying of powder A (powder B). Chondroprotection was measured in three different assay systems. First, we tested the effects of both fruit powders on the activities of the enzymes hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2. Second, an in vitro model of cartilage degradation was set-up with explant cultures of articular knee cartilage from osteoarthritis patients. Cartilage damage was assayed by measuring glycosaminoglycan release from explants treated with/without P. emblica fruit powders. Aqueous extracts of both fruit powders significantly inhibited the activities of hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2 in vitro. Third, in the explant model of cartilage matrix damage, extracts of glucosamine sulphate and powder B (0.05 mg/ml) exhibited statistically significant, long-term chondroprotective activity in cartilage explants from 50% of the patients tested. This result is important since glucosamine sulphate is the leading nutraceutical for osteoarthritis. Powder A induced a statistically significant, short-term chondroprotective activity in cartilage explants from all of the patients tested. This is the first study to identify and quantitate new chondroprotective activities of P. emblica fruits. These data provide pilot pre-clinical evidence for the use of P. emblica fruits as a chondroprotective agent in osteoarthritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venil N Sumantran
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune 411043, Director, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Pune University, Pune 411007 and Director, Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Camp, Pune 411001, India
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Süntar I, Koca U, Keleş H, Akkol EK. Wound Healing Activity of Rubus sanctus Schreber (Rosaceae): Preclinical Study in Animal Models. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:816156. [PMID: 19755505 PMCID: PMC3139958 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Young shoots of Rubus species have been used for healing of wounds, infected insect bites and pimples in folk medicine for ages. In order to evaluate the wound healing activity of Rubus sanctus, four different extracts were prepared from the whole aerial parts of the plant by using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. Incision wound healing model by using tensiometer on rats and excision model on mice were employed to assess the activity. Remarkable wound healing activity was observed with the ointment formulation of the methanol extract at 1% concentration on the mentioned models. The results of histopathological examination also supported the outcome of both incision and excision wound models. The wound healing effect was comparatively evaluated with a reference ointment Madecassol. The experimental data confirmed the ethnobotanical usage of R. sanctus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Süntar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler 06330 Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Rocabado GO, Bedoya LM, Abad MJ, Bermejo P. Rubus - A Review of its Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Rubus (family Rosaceae, sub-family Rosoideae, tribe Potentilleae) are widely distributed in the warmer temperate zones of the northern hemisphere. Rubus species have been known since ancient times for their curative properties, and have been used for the treatment of various ailments, such as wounds, diarrhea, colic pain, diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and as antimicrobial agents. However, their use has been based mainly on empirical findings. This contribution provides a comprehensive review of the work published on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of the Rubus species over the past few years, in order to obtain a better understanding of the biological significance of this large genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Omar Rocabado
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Bedoya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Abad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paulina Bermejo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Sumantran VN, Kulkarni AA, Harsulkar A, Wele A, Koppikar SJ, Chandwaskar R, Gaire V, Dalvi M, Wagh UV. Hyaluronidase and collagenase inhibitory activities of the herbal formulation Triphala guggulu. J Biosci 2007; 32:755-61. [PMID: 17762148 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-007-0075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Myrrh (guggulu) oleoresin from the Commiphora mukul tree is an important component of antiarthritic drugs in Ayurvedic medicine. Clinical data suggest that elevated levels of hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2 enzymes contribute significantly to cartilage degradation. Triphala guggulu (TG) is a guggulu-based formulation used for the treatment of arthritis. We assessed the chondroprotective potential of TG by examining its effects on the activities of pure hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2 enzymes. Triphala shodith guggulu (TSG), an intermediate in the production of TG, was also examined. A spectrophotometric method was used to assay Hyaluronidase activity, and to detect potential Hyaluronidase inhibitors. Aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of TSG showed weak but dose-dependent inhibition of hyaluronidase activity. In contrast, the TG formulation was 50 times more potent than the TSG extract with respect to hyaluronidase inhibitory activity. A validated X-ray film-based assay was used to measure the gelatinase activity of pure collagenase type 2. Hydro-alcoholic extracts of the TG formulation were 4 times more potent than TSG with respect to collagenase inhibitory activity. Components of Triphala were also evaluated for their inhibitory activities on hyaluronidase and collagenase. This is the first report to show that the T2 component of Triphala (T.chebula) is a highly potent hyaluronidase and collagenase inhibitor. Thus, the TG formulation inhibits two major enzymes that can degrade cartilage matrix. Our study provides the first in vitro preclinical evidence of the chondroprotective properties of TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venil N Sumantran
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College Campus, Dhankawadi, Pune 411 043, India.
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Feng R, Bowman LL, Lu Y, Leonard SS, Shi X, Jiang BH, Castranova V, Vallyathan V, Ding M. Blackberry extracts inhibit activating protein 1 activation and cell transformation by perturbing the mitogenic signaling pathway. Nutr Cancer 2005; 50:80-9. [PMID: 15572301 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc5001_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Blackberries are natural rich sources of bioflavonoids and phenolic compounds that are commonly known as potential chemopreventive agents. Here, we investigated the effects of fresh blackberry extracts on proliferation of cancer cells and neoplastic transformation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), as well as the underlying mechanisms of signal transduction pathways. Using electron spin resonance, we found that blackberry extract is an effective scavenger of free radicals, including hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. Blackberry extract inhibited the proliferation of a human lung cancer cell line, A549. Pretreatment of A549 cells with blackberry extract resulted in an inhibition of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) formation induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. Blackberry extract decreased TPA-induced neoplastic transformation of JB6 P+ cells. Pretreatment of JB6 cells with blackberry extract resulted in the inhibition of both UVB- and TPA-induced AP-1 transactivation. Furthermore, blackberry extract also blocked UVB- or TPA-induced phosphorylation of ERKs and JNKs, but not p38 kinase. Overall, these results indicated that an extract from fresh blackberry may inhibit tumor promoter-induced carcinogenesis and associated cell signaling, and suggest that the chemopreventive effects of fresh blackberry may be through its antioxidant properties by blocking reactive oxygen species-mediated AP-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rentian Feng
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Helath Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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Erdemoglu N, Küpeli E, Yeşilada E. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity assessment of plants used as remedy in Turkish folk medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2003; 89:123-9. [PMID: 14522443 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ethanolic and aqueous extracts from seven plant species used in Turkish traditional medicine were evaluated for in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities; Helleborus orientalis Lam. roots and herbs, Juglans regia L. leaves, Laurocerasus officinalis Roemer leaves, Nerium oleander L. dried and fresh flowers and leaves, Rhododendron ponticum L. leaves, Rubus hirtus Walds. et Kit aerial parts and Rubus sanctus Schreber aerial parts and roots. All the plant extracts, except the aqueous extract of Rubus hirtus, were shown to possess significant antinociceptive activity in varying degrees against p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal contractions in mice. However, only the ethanolic extracts of Helleborus orientalis roots, Juglans regia leaves, Laurocerasus officinalis leaves, Nerium oleander dried and fresh flowers, and Rhododendron ponticum leaves exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in mice without inducing any gastric damage. Results of the present study confirmed the folkloric claim that all the selected materials to possess potent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurgun Erdemoglu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler 6330, Ankara, Turkey
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