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Kharey GS, Palace V, Whyte L, Greer CW. Native freshwater lake microbial community response to an in situ experimental dilbit spill. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae055. [PMID: 38650064 PMCID: PMC11068069 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increase in crude oil transport throughout Canada, the potential for spills into freshwater ecosystems has increased and additional research is needed in these sensitive environments. Large enclosures erected in a lake were used as mesocosms for this controlled experimental dilbit (diluted bitumen) spill under ambient environmental conditions. The microbial response to dilbit, the efficacy of standard remediation protocols on different shoreline types commonly found in Canadian freshwater lakes, including a testing of a shoreline washing agent were all evaluated. We found that the native microbial community did not undergo any significant shifts in composition after exposure to dilbit or the ensuing remediation treatments. Regardless of the treatment, sample type (soil, sediment, or water), or type of associated shoreline, the community remained relatively consistent over a 3-month monitoring period. Following this, metagenomic analysis of polycyclic aromatic and alkane hydrocarbon degradation mechanisms also showed that while many key genes identified in PAH and alkane biodegradation were present, their abundance did not change significantly over the course of the experiment. These results showed that the native microbial community present in a pristine freshwater lake has the prerequisite mechanisms for hydrocarbon degradation in place, and combined with standard remediation practices in use in Canada, has the genetic potential and resilience to potentially undertake bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet S Kharey
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Vince Palace
- International Institute for Sustainable Development – Experimental Lakes Area, Pine Rd, Kenora, Unorganized Ontario, P0V 2V0, Canada
| | - Lyle Whyte
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Charles W Greer
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, 6100 Royalmount Ave., Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2R2, Canada
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2
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Gou Y, Song Y, Li P, Wei W, Luo N, Wang H. Study on the accelerated biodegradation of PAHs in subsurface soil via coupled low-temperature thermally treatment and electron acceptor stimulation based on metagenomic sequencing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133265. [PMID: 38113745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In situ anoxic bioremediation is a sustainable technology to remediate PAHs contaminated soils. However, the limited degradation rate of PAHs under anoxic conditions has become the primary bottleneck hindering the application of this technology. In this study, coupled low-temperature thermally treatment (<50 °C) and EA biostimulation was used to enhance PAH removal. Anoxic biodegradation of PAHs in soil was explored in microcosms in the absence and presence of added EAs at 3 temperatures (15 °C, 30 °C, and 45 °C). The influence of temperature, EA, and their interaction on the removal of PAHs were identified. A PAH degradation model based on PLSR analysis identified the importance and the positive/negative role of parameters on PAH removal. Soil archaeal and bacterial communities showed similar succession patterns, the impact of temperature was greater than that of EA. Soil microbial community and function were more influenced by temperature than EAs. Close and frequent interactions were observed among soil bacteria, archaea, PAH-degrading genes and methanogenic genes. A total of 15 bacterial OTUs, 1 PAH-degrading gene and 2 methanogenic genes were identified as keystones in the network. Coupled low-temperature thermally treatment and EA stimulation resulted in higher PAH removal efficiencies than EA stimulation alone and low-temperature thermally treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Gou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yun Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Peizhong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Wenxia Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Nan Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Hongqi Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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3
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Wang M, Chen X, Fang Y, Zheng X, Huang T, Nie Y, Wu XL. The trade-off between individual metabolic specialization and versatility determines the metabolic efficiency of microbial communities. Cell Syst 2024; 15:63-74.e5. [PMID: 38237552 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In microbial systems, a metabolic pathway can be either completed by one autonomous population or distributed among a consortium performing metabolic division of labor (MDOL). MDOL facilitates the system's function by reducing the metabolic burden; however, it may hinder the function by reducing the exchange efficiency of metabolic intermediates among individuals. As a result, the function of a community is influenced by the trade-offs between the metabolic specialization and versatility of individuals. To experimentally test this hypothesis, we deconstructed the naphthalene degradation pathway into four steps and introduced them individually or combinatorically into different strains with varying levels of metabolic specialization. Using these strains, we engineered 1,456 synthetic consortia and found that 74 consortia exhibited higher degradation function than both the autonomous population and rigorous MDOL consortium. Quantitative modeling provides general strategies for identifying the most effective MDOL configuration. Our study provides critical insights into the engineering of high-performance microbial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxiao Wang
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland; Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Ting Huang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yong Nie
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiao-Lei Wu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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4
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Fujihara H, Hirose J, Suenaga H. Evolution of genetic architecture and gene regulation in biphenyl/PCB-degrading bacteria. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1168246. [PMID: 37350784 PMCID: PMC10282184 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1168246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of bacteria in the environment can utilize xenobiotic compounds as a source of carbon and energy. The bacterial strains degrading xenobiotics are suitable models to investigate the adaptation and evolutionary processes of bacteria because they appear to have emerged relatively soon after the release of these compounds into the natural environment. Analyses of bacterial genome sequences indicate that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the most important contributor to the bacterial evolution of genetic architecture. Further, host bacteria that can use energy effectively by controlling the expression of organized gene clusters involved in xenobiotic degradation will have a survival advantage in harsh xenobiotic-rich environments. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of evolutionary mechanisms operative in bacteria, with a focus on biphenyl/PCB-degrading bacteria. We then discuss metagenomic approaches that are useful for such investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Fujihara
- Department of Food and Fermentation Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Beppu University, Beppu, Japan
| | - Jun Hirose
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hikaru Suenaga
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
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Salvà-Serra F, Pérez-Pantoja D, Donoso RA, Jaén-Luchoro D, Fernández-Juárez V, Engström-Jakobsson H, Moore ERB, Lalucat J, Bennasar-Figueras A. Comparative genomics of Stutzerimonas balearica ( Pseudomonas balearica): diversity, habitats, and biodegradation of aromatic compounds. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1159176. [PMID: 37275147 PMCID: PMC10234333 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1159176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stutzerimonas balearica (Pseudomonas balearica) has been found principally in oil-polluted environments. The capability of S. balearica to thrive from the degradation of pollutant compounds makes it a species of interest for potential bioremediation applications. However, little has been reported about the diversity of S. balearica. In this study, genome sequences of S. balearica strains from different origins were analyzed, revealing that it is a diverse species with an open pan-genome that will continue revealing new genes and functionalities as the genomes of more strains are sequenced. The nucleotide signatures and intra- and inter-species variation of the 16S rRNA genes of S. balearica were reevaluated. A strategy of screening 16S rRNA gene sequences in public databases enabled the detection of 158 additional strains, of which only 23% were described as S. balearica. The species was detected from a wide range of environments, although mostly from aquatic and polluted environments, predominantly related to petroleum oil. Genomic and phenotypic analyses confirmed that S. balearica possesses varied inherent capabilities for aromatic compounds degradation. This study increases the knowledge of the biology and diversity of S. balearica and will serve as a basis for future work with the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Salvà-Serra
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Danilo Pérez-Pantoja
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl A. Donoso
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Jaén-Luchoro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Víctor Fernández-Juárez
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Hedvig Engström-Jakobsson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Edward R. B. Moore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jorge Lalucat
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Bennasar-Figueras
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Lara-Moreno A, Merchán F, Morillo E, Zampolli J, Di Gennaro P, Villaverde J. Genome analysis for the identification of genes involved in phenanthrene biodegradation pathway in Stenotrophomonas indicatrix CPHE1. Phenanthrene mineralization in soils assisted by integrated approaches. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1158177. [PMID: 37214282 PMCID: PMC10192627 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1158177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenanthrene (PHE) is a highly toxic compound, widely present in soils. For this reason, it is essential to remove PHE from the environment. Stenotrophomonas indicatrix CPHE1 was isolated from an industrial soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and was sequenced to identify the PHE degrading genes. Dioxygenase, monooxygenase, and dehydrogenase gene products annotated in S. indicatrix CPHE1 genome were clustered into different trees with reference proteins. Moreover, S. indicatrix CPHE1 whole-genome sequences were compared to genes of PAHs-degrading bacteria retrieved from databases and literature. On these basis, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis pointed out that cysteine dioxygenase (cysDO), biphenyl-2,3-diol 1,2-dioxygenase (bphC), and aldolase hydratase (phdG) were expressed only in the presence of PHE. Therefore, different techniques have been designed to improve the PHE mineralization process in five PHE artificially contaminated soils (50 mg kg-1), including biostimulation, adding a nutrient solution (NS), bioaugmentation, inoculating S. indicatrix CPHE1 which was selected for its PHE-degrading genes, and the use of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) as a bioavailability enhancer. High percentages of PHE mineralization were achieved for the studied soils. Depending on the soil, different treatments resulted to be successful; in the case of a clay loam soil, the best strategy was the inoculation of S. indicatrix CPHE1 and NS (59.9% mineralized after 120 days). In sandy soils (CR and R soils) the highest percentage of mineralization was achieved in presence of HPBCD and NS (87.3% and 61.3%, respectively). However, the combination of CPHE1 strain, HPBCD, and NS showed to be the most efficient strategy for sandy and sandy loam soils (LL and ALC soils showed 35% and 74.6%, respectively). The results indicated a high degree of correlation between gene expression and the rates of mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Lara-Moreno
- Department of Agrochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Soil Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Seville, Spanish National Research Council (IRNAS-CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Merchán
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Morillo
- Department of Agrochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Soil Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Seville, Spanish National Research Council (IRNAS-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Jessica Zampolli
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Gennaro
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Jaime Villaverde
- Department of Agrochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Soil Conservation, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Seville, Spanish National Research Council (IRNAS-CSIC), Seville, Spain
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Even allocation of benefits stabilizes microbial community engaged in metabolic division of labor. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111410. [PMID: 36170826 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities execute metabolic pathways to drive global nutrient cycles. Within a community, functionally specialized strains can perform different yet complementary steps within a linear pathway, a phenomenon termed metabolic division of labor (MDOL). However, little is known about how such metabolic behaviors shape microbial communities. Here, we derive a theoretical framework to define the assembly of a community that degrades an organic compound through MDOL. The framework indicates that to ensure community stability, the strains performing the initial steps should hold a growth advantage (m) over the "private benefit" (n) of the strain performing the last step. The steady-state frequency of the last strain is then determined by the quotient of n and m. Our experiments show that the framework accurately predicts the assembly of our synthetic consortia that degrade naphthalene through MDOL. Our results provide insights for designing and managing stable microbial systems for metabolic pathway optimization.
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Mohapatra B, Malhotra H, Phale PS. Life Within a Contaminated Niche: Comparative Genomic Analyses of an Integrative Conjugative Element ICE nahCSV86 and Two Genomic Islands From Pseudomonas bharatica CSV86 T Suggest Probable Role in Colonization and Adaptation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:928848. [PMID: 35875527 PMCID: PMC9298801 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.928848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative genomic and functional analyses revealed the presence of three genomic islands (GIs, >50 Kb size): ICEnahCSV86, Pseudomonas bharatica genomic island-1 (PBGI-1), and PBGI-2 in the preferentially aromatic-degrading soil bacterium, Pseudomonas bharatica CSV86T. Site-specific genomic integration at or near specific transfer RNAs (tRNAs), near-syntenic structural modules, and phylogenetic relatedness indicated their evolutionary lineage to the type-4 secretion system (T4SS) ICEclc family, thus predicting these elements to be integrative conjugative elements (ICEs). These GIs were found to be present as a single copy in the genome and the encoded phenotypic traits were found to be stable, even in the absence of selection pressure. ICEnahCSV86 harbors naphthalene catabolic (nah-sal) cluster, while PBGI-1 harbors Co-Zn-Cd (czc) efflux genes as cargo modules, whereas PBGI-2 was attributed to as a mixed-function element. The ICEnahCSV86 has been reported to be conjugatively transferred (frequency of 7 × 10–8/donor cell) to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CSV89. Genome-wide comparative analyses of aromatic-degrading bacteria revealed nah-sal clusters from several Pseudomonas spp. as part of probable ICEs, syntenic to conjugatively transferable ICEnahCSV86 of strain CSV86T, suggesting it to be a prototypical element for naphthalene degradation. It was observed that the plasmids harboring nah-sal clusters were phylogenetically incongruent with predicted ICEs, suggesting genetic divergence of naphthalene metabolic clusters in the Pseudomonas population. Gene synteny, divergence estimates, and codon-based Z-test indicated that ICEnahCSV86 is probably derived from PBGI-2, while multiple recombination events masked the ancestral lineage of PBGI-1. Diversifying selection pressure (dN-dS = 2.27–4.31) imposed by aromatics and heavy metals implied the modular exchange-fusion of various cargo clusters through events like recombination, rearrangement, domain reshuffling, and active site optimization, thus allowing the strain to evolve, adapt, and maximize the metabolic efficiency in a contaminated niche. The promoters (Pnah and Psal) of naphthalene cargo modules (nah, sal) on ICEnahCSV86 were proved to be efficient for heterologous protein expression in Escherichia coli. GI-based genomic plasticity expands the metabolic spectrum and versatility of CSV86T, rendering efficient adaptation to the contaminated niche. Such isolate(s) are of utmost importance for their application in bioremediation and are the probable ideal host(s) for metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaram Mohapatra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Harshit Malhotra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Prashant S Phale
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Liu J, Liu Y, Dong W, Li J, Yu S, Wang J, Zuo R. Shifts in microbial community structure and function in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soils at petrochemical landfill sites revealed by metagenomics. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133509. [PMID: 34995620 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of the microbial community structures, potential functions and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation-related genes in PAH-polluted soils are useful for risk assessments, microbial monitoring, and the potential bioremediation of soils polluted by PAHs. In this study, five soil sampling sites were selected at a petrochemical landfill in Beijing, China, to analyze the contamination characteristics of PAHs and their impact on microorganisms. The concentrations of 16 PAHs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total concentrations of the PAHs ranged from ND to 3166.52 μg/kg, while phenanthrene, pyrene, fluoranthene and benzo [ghi]perylene were the main components in the soil samples. According to the specific PAH ratios, the PAHs mostly originated from petrochemical wastes in the landfill. The levels of the total toxic benzo [a]pyrene equivalent (1.63-107.73 μg/kg) suggested that PAHs might result in adverse effects on soil ecosystems. The metagenomic analysis showed that the most abundant phyla in the soils were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and Solirubrobacter was the most important genus. At the genus level, Bradyrhizobium, Mycobacterium and Anaeromyxobacter significantly increased under PAH stress. Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotations, the most abundant category of functions that are involved in adapting to contaminant pressures was identified. Ten PAH degradation-related genes were significantly influenced by PAH pressure and showed correlations with PAH concentrations. All of the results suggested that the PAHs from the petrochemical landfill could be harmful to soil environments and impact the soil microbial community structures, while microorganisms would change their physiological functions to resist pollutant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayou Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yun Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Weihong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environments, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China; Institute of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jian Li
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Shihang Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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A New ICE clc Subfamily Integrative and Conjugative Element Responsible for Horizontal Transfer of Biphenyl and Salicylic Acid Catabolic Pathway in the PCB-Degrading Strain Pseudomonas stutzeri KF716. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122462. [PMID: 34946064 PMCID: PMC8704644 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are chromosomally integrated self-transmissible mobile genetic elements. Although some ICEs are known to carry genes for the degradation of aromatic compounds, information on their genetic features is limited. We identified a new member of the ICEclc family carrying biphenyl catabolic bph genes and salicylic acid catabolic sal genes from the PCB-degrading strain Pseudomonas stutzeri KF716. The 117-kb ICEbph-salKF716 contains common core regions exhibiting homology with those of degradative ICEclc from P. knackmussii B13 and ICEXTD from Azoarcus sp. CIB. A comparison of the gene loci collected from the public database revealed that several putative ICEs from P. putida B6-2, P, alcaliphila JAB1, P. stutzeri AN10, and P. stutzeri 2A20 had highly conserved core regions with those of ICEbph-salKF716, along with the variable region that encodes the catabolic genes for biphenyl, naphthalene, toluene, or phenol. These data indicate that this type of ICE subfamily is ubiquitously distributed within aromatic compound-degrading bacteria. ICEbph-salKF716 was transferred from P. stutzeri KF716 to P. aeruginosa PAO1 via a circular extrachromosomal intermediate form. In this study, we describe the structure and genetic features of ICEbph-salKF716 compared to other catabolic ICEs.
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Wu C, Li F, Yi S, Ge F. Genetically engineered microbial remediation of soils co-contaminated by heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Advances and ecological risk assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113185. [PMID: 34243092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been becoming a worldwide concerned environmental problem because of threatening public healthy via food chain exposure. Thus soils polluted by HMs and PAHs need to be remediated urgently. Physical and chemical remediation methods usually have some disadvantages, e.g., cost-expensiveness and incomplete removal, easily causing secondary pollution, which are hence not environmental-friendly. Conventional microbial approaches are mostly used to treat a single contaminant in soils and lack high efficiency and specificity for combined contaminants. Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) have emerged as a desired requirement of higher bioremediation efficiency for soils polluted with HMs and PAHs and environmental sustainability, which can provide a more eco-friendly and cost-effective strategy in comparison with some conventional techniques. This review comments the recent advances about successful bioremediation techniques and approaches for soil contaminated with HMs and/or PAHs by GEMs, and discusses some challenges in the simultaneous removal of HMs and PAHs from soil by designing multi-functional genetic engineering microorganisms (MFGEMs), such as improvement of higher efficiency, strict environmental conditions, and possible ecological risks. Also, the modern biotechnological techniques and approaches in improving the ability of microbial enzymes to effectively degrade combined contaminants at a faster rate are introduced, such as reasonable gene editing, metabolic pathway modification, and protoplast fusion. Although MFGEMs are more potent than the native microbes and can quickly adapt to combined contaminants in soils, the ecological risk of MFGEMs needs to be evaluated under a regulatory, safety, or costs benefit-driving system in a way of stratified regulation. Nevertheless, the innovation of genetic engineering to produce MFGEMs should be inspired for the welfare of successful bioremediation for soils contaminated with HMs and PAHs but it must be supervised by the public, authorities, and laws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wu
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High Efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application on Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High Efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application on Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
| | - Shengwei Yi
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High Efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application on Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Fei Ge
- College of Environment Science and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for High Efficiency Purification Technology and Its Application on Complex Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
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Feng Z, Liu X, Wang M, Nie Y, Wu XL. A novel temperate phage, vB_PstS-pAN, induced from the naphthalene-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10. Arch Virol 2021; 166:2267-2272. [PMID: 34008105 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel temperate phage named vB_PstS-pAN was induced by mitomycin C treatment from the naphthalene-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10. The phage particles have icosahedral heads and long non-contractile tails, and vB_PstS-pAN can therefore be morphologically classified as a member of the family Siphoviridae. The whole genome of vB_PstS-pAN is 39,466 bp in length, with an 11-nt 3' overhang cohesive end. There are 53 genes in the vB_PstS-pAN genome, including genes responsible for phage integration, replication, morphogenesis, and bacterial lysis. The vB_PstS-pAN genome has low similarity to other phage genomes in the GenBank database, suggesting that vB_PstS-pAN is a novel member of the family Siphoviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Feng
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinwu Liu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Miaoxiao Wang
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yong Nie
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Xiao-Lei Wu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. .,PKU and CUPB MEOR Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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13
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Liu Y, Hu H, Zanaroli G, Xu P, Tang H. A Pseudomonas sp. strain uniquely degrades PAHs and heterocyclic derivatives via lateral dioxygenation pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123956. [PMID: 33265000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic derivatives are organic pollutants that pose a serious health risk to human beings. In this study, a newly isolated Pseudomonas brassicacearum strain MPDS could effectively degrade PAHs and heterocyclic derivatives, including naphthalene, fluorene, dibenzofuran (DBF) and dibenzothiophene (DBT). Notably, strain MPDS is able to degrade fluorene, DBF and DBT uniquely via a lateral dioxygenation pathway, while most reported strains degrade fluorene, DBF and DBT via an angular dioxygenation pathway or co-metabolize them via a lateral dioxygenation pathway. Strain MPDS completely degraded 50 mg naphthalene (in 50 mL medium) in 84 h, and OD600 reached 1.0-1.1; while, it stabilized at OD600 0.5-0.6 with 5 mg fluorene or DBF or DBT. Meanwhile, 65.7% DBF and 32.1% DBT were degraded in 96 h, and 40.3% fluorene was degraded in 72 h, respectively. Through genomic and transcriptomic analyses, and comparative genomic analysis with another DBF degradation strain, relevant gene clusters were predicted, and a naphthalene-degrading gene cluster was identified. This study provides understanding of degradation of PAHs and their heterocyclic derivatives, as well as new insights into the lateral dioxygenation pathway of relevant contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Giulio Zanaroli
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna 40131, Italy
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Estepa KMO, Lamont K, Malicevic S, Paschos A, Colaruotolo L, Corradini M, Marangoni AG, Lim LT, Pensini E. Chitosan-Based biogels: A potential approach to trap and bioremediate naphthalene. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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15
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Comparative genomics of Sphingopyxis spp. unravelled functional attributes. Genomics 2019; 112:1956-1969. [PMID: 31740292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Members of genus Sphingopyxis are known to thrive in diverse environments. Genomes of 21 Sphingopyxis strains were selected. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using GGDC, AAI and core-SNP showed agreement at sub-species level. Based on our results, we propose that both S. baekryungensis DSM16222 and Sphingopyxis sp. LPB0140 strains should not be included under genus Sphingopyxis. Core-analysis revealed, 1422 genes were shared which included essential pathways and genes for conferring adaptation against stress environment. Polyhydroxybutyrate degradation, anaerobic respiration, type IV secretion were notable abundant pathways and exopolysaccharide, hyaluronic acid production and toxin-antitoxin system were differentially present families. Interestingly, genome of S. witflariensis DSM14551, Sphingopyxis sp. MG and Sphingopyxis sp. FD7 provided a hint of probable pathogenic abilities. Protein-Protein Interactome depicted that membrane proteins and stress response has close integration with core-proteins while aromatic compounds degradation and virulence ability formed a separate network. Thus, these should be considered as strain specific attributes.
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16
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Phale PS, Shah BA, Malhotra H. Variability in Assembly of Degradation Operons for Naphthalene and its derivative, Carbaryl, Suggests Mobilization through Horizontal Gene Transfer. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10080569. [PMID: 31357661 PMCID: PMC6723655 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the biosphere, the largest biological laboratory, increased anthropogenic activities have led microbes to evolve and adapt to the changes occurring in the environment. Compounds, specifically xenobiotics, released due to such activities persist in nature and undergo bio-magnification in the food web. Some of these compounds act as potent endocrine disrupters, mutagens or carcinogens, and therefore their removal from the environment is essential. Due to their persistence, microbial communities have evolved to metabolize them partially or completely. Diverse biochemical pathways have evolved or been assembled by exchange of genetic material (horizontal gene transfer) through various mobile genetic elements like conjugative and non-conjugative plasmids, transposons, phages and prophages, genomic islands and integrative conjugative elements. These elements provide an unlimited opportunity for genetic material to be exchanged across various genera, thus accelerating the evolution of a new xenobiotic degrading phenotype. In this article, we illustrate examples of the assembly of metabolic pathways involved in the degradation of naphthalene and its derivative, Carbaryl, which are speculated to have evolved or adapted through the above-mentioned processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant S Phale
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India.
| | - Bhavik A Shah
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
| | - Harshit Malhotra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
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Kosek K, Kozioł K, Luczkiewicz A, Jankowska K, Chmiel S, Polkowska Ż. Environmental characteristics of a tundra river system in Svalbard. Part 2: Chemical stress factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:1585-1596. [PMID: 30446169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial communities in the Arctic environment are subject to multiple stress factors, including contaminants, although typically their concentrations are small. The Arctic contamination research has focused on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) because they are bioaccumulative, resistant to degradation and toxic for all organisms. Pollutants have entered the Arctic predominantly by atmospheric and oceanic long-range transport, and this was facilitated by their volatile or semi-volatile properties, while their chemical stability extended their lifetimes following emission. Chemicals present in the Arctic at detectable and quantifiable concentrations testify to their global impact. Chemical contamination may induce serious disorders in the integrity of polar ecosystems influencing the growth of bacterial communities. In this study, the abundance and the types of bacteria in the Arctic freshwater were examined and the microbial characteristics were compared to the amount of potentially harmful chemical compounds in particular elements of the Arctic catchment. The highest concentrations of all determined PAHs were observed in two samples in the vicinity of the estuary both in June and September 2016 and were 1964 ng L-1 (R12) and 3901 ng L-1 (R13) in June, and 2179 ng L-1 (R12) and 1349 ng L-1 (R13) in September. Remarkable concentrations of the sum of phenols and formaldehyde were detected also at the outflow of the Revelva river into the sea (R12) and were 0.24 mg L-1 in June and 0.35 mg L-1 in September 2016. The elevated concentrations of chemical compounds near the estuary suggest a potential impact of the water from the lower tributaries (including the glacier-fed stream measured at R13) or the sea currents and the sea aerosol as pollutant sources. The POPs' degradation at low temperature is not well understood but bacteria capable to degrading such compounds were noted in each sampling point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kosek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland
| | - Krystyna Kozioł
- Institute of Geography, Faculty of Geography and Biology, Pedagogical University in Cracow, Podchorążych 2, Cracow 30-084, Poland; Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 64 Księcia Janusza St., Warsaw 01-452, Poland
| | - Aneta Luczkiewicz
- Department of Water and Waste-Water Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jankowska
- Department of Water and Waste-Water Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland
| | - Stanisław Chmiel
- Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 2 C-D Kraśnicka Ave., Lublin 20-718, Poland
| | - Żaneta Polkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
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Cave Drip Water-Related Samples as a Natural Environment for Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7020033. [PMID: 30691082 PMCID: PMC6406655 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Restricted contact with the external environment has allowed the development of microbial communities adapted to the oligotrophy of caves. However, nutrients can be transported to caves by drip water and affect the microbial communities inside the cave. To evaluate the influence of aromatic compounds carried by drip water on the microbial community, two limestone caves were selected in Brazil. Drip-water-saturated and unsaturated sediment, and dripping water itself, were collected from each cave and bacterial 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of naphthalene dioxygenase (ndo) genes were performed. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) were performed to evaluate inorganic nutrients, and GC was performed to estimate aromatic compounds in the samples. The high frequency of Sphingomonadaceae in drip water samples indicates the presence of aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. This finding was consistent with the detection of naphthalene and acenaphthene and the presence of ndo genes in drip-water-related samples. The aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and 16S rDNA sequencing indicate that aromatic compounds may be one of the sources of energy and carbon to the system and the drip-water-associated bacterial community contains several potentially aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to present compelling evidence for the presence of aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in cave drip water.
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Asemoloye MD, Jonathan SG, Ahmad R. Synergistic plant-microbes interactions in the rhizosphere: a potential headway for the remediation of hydrocarbon polluted soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:71-83. [PMID: 30656951 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1474437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution is an unavoidable evil; many crude-oil exploring communities have been identified to be the most ecologically impacted regions around the world due to hydrocarbon pollution and their concurrent health risks. Several clean-up technologies have been reported on the removal of hydrocarbons in polluted soils but most of them are either very expensive, require the integration of advanced mechanization and/or cannot be implemented in small scale. However, "Bioremediation" has been reported as an efficient, cost-effective and environment-friendly technology for clean-up of hydrocarbon"s contaminated soils. Here, we suggest the implementation of synergistic mechanism of bioremediation such as the use of rhizosphere mechanism which involves the actions of plant and microorganisms, which involves the exploitation of plant and microorganisms for effective and speedy remediation of hydrocarbon"s contaminated soils. In this mechanism, plant"s action is synergized with the soil microorganisms through the root rhizosphere to promote soil remediation. The microorganisms benefit from the root metabolites (exudates) and the plant in turn benefits from the microbial recycling/solubilizing of mineral nutrients. Harnessing the abilities of plants and microorganisms is a potential headway for cost-effective clean-up of hydrocarbon"s polluted sites; such technology could be very important in countries with great oil producing activities/records over many years but still developing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dare Asemoloye
- a Department of Botany, Mycology and Fungal Biotechnology Unit , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - Segun Gbolagade Jonathan
- a Department of Botany, Mycology and Fungal Biotechnology Unit , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria
| | - Rafiq Ahmad
- b Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
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20
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Schwarz A, Adetutu EM, Juhasz AL, Aburto-Medina A, Ball AS, Shahsavari E. Microbial Degradation of Phenanthrene in Pristine and Contaminated Sandy Soils. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:888-902. [PMID: 29080101 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthrene mineralisation studies in both pristine and contaminated sandy soils were undertaken through detailed assessment of the activity and diversity of the microbial community. Stable isotope probing (SIP) was used to assess and identify active 13C-labelled phenanthrene degraders. Baseline profiling indicated that there was little difference in fungal diversity but a significant difference in bacterial diversity dependent on contamination history. Identification of dominant fungal and bacterial species highlighted the presence of organisms capable of degrading various petroleum-based compounds together with other anthropogenic compounds, regardless of contamination history. Community response following a simulated contamination event (14C-phenanthrene) showed that the microbial community in deep pristine and shallow contaminated soils adapted most to the presence of phenanthrene. The similarity in microbial community structure of well-adapted soils demonstrated that a highly adaptable fungal community in these soils enabled a rapid response to the introduction of a contaminant. Ten fungal and 15 bacterial species were identified as active degraders of phenanthrene. The fungal degraders were dominated by the phylum Basidiomycota including the genus Crypotococcus, Cladosporium and Tremellales. Bacterial degraders included the genera Alcanivorax, Marinobacter and Enterococcus. There was little synergy between dominant baseline microbes, predicted degraders and those that were determined to be actually degrading the contaminant. Overall, assessment of baseline microbial community in contaminated soils provides useful information; however, additional laboratory assessment of the microbial community's ability to degrade pollutants allows for better prediction of the bioremediation potential of a soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schwarz
- Discipline of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eric M Adetutu
- Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Albert L Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Arturo Aburto-Medina
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavari
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia.
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21
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Wang C, Guo G, Huang Y, Hao H, Wang H. Salt Adaptation and Evolutionary Implication of a Nah-related PAHs Dioxygenase cloned from a Halophilic Phenanthrene Degrading Consortium. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12525. [PMID: 28970580 PMCID: PMC5624874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollutions often occur in marine and other saline environment, largely due to anthropogenic activities. However, study of the PAHs-degradation genotypes in halophiles is limited, compared with the mesophilic terrestrial PAHs degraders. In this study, a bacterial consortium (CY-1) was enriched from saline soil contaminated with crude oil using phenanthrene as the sole carbon source at 10% salinity. CY-1 was dominated by the moderate halophilic Marinobacter species, and its dominant PAHs ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHD) genotypes shared high identity to the classic nah-related RHDs found in the mesophilic species. Further cloning of a 5.6-kb gene cluster from CY-1 unveiled the existence of a new type of PAHs degradation gene cluster (hpah), which most probably evolves from the nah-related gene clusters. Expression of the RHD in this gene cluster in E. coli lead to the discovery of its prominent salt-tolerant properties compared with two RHDs from mesophiles. As a common structural feature shared by all halophilic and halotolerant enzymes, higher abundance of acidic amino acids was also found on the surface of this RHD than its closest nah-related alleles. These results suggest evolution towards saline adaptation occurred after horizontal transfer of this hpah gene cluster into the halophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guang Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,School of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Han Hao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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22
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Huang H, Tao X, Jiang Y, Khan A, Wu Q, Yu X, Wu D, Chen Y, Ling Z, Liu P, Li X. The naphthalene catabolic protein NahG plays a key role in hexavalent chromium reduction in Pseudomonas brassicacearum LZ-4. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9670. [PMID: 28852154 PMCID: PMC5575117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10469-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil contamination by PAH and heavy metals is a growing problem. Here, we showed that a new isolate, Pseudomonas brassicacearum strain LZ-4, can simultaneously degrade 98% of 6 mM naphthalene and reduce 92.4% of 500 μM hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] within 68 h. A draft genome sequence of strain LZ-4 (6,219,082 bp) revealed all the genes in the naphthalene catabolic pathway and some known Cr (VI) reductases. Interestingly, genes encoding naphthalene pathway components were upregulated in the presence of Cr (VI), and Cr (VI) reduction was elevated in the presence of naphthalene. We cloned and expressed these naphthalene catabolic genes and tested for Cr (VI) reduction, and found that NahG reduced 79% of 100 μM Cr (VI) in 5 minutes. Additionally, an nahG deletion mutant lost 52% of its Cr (VI) reduction ability compared to that of the wild-type strain. As nahG encodes a salicylate hydroxylase with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a cofactor for electron transfer, Cr (VI) could obtain electrons from NADH through NahG-associated FAD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a protein involved in a PAH-degradation pathway that can reduce heavy metals, which provides new insights into heavy metal-PAH contamination remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xuanyu Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Aman Khan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenmin Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Pu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P.R. China.
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23
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Cometabolic Degradation of Dibenzofuran and Dibenzothiophene by a Naphthalene-Degrading Comamonas sp. JB. Curr Microbiol 2017; 74:1411-1416. [PMID: 28821932 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Comamonas sp. JB was used to investigate the cometabolic degradation of dibenzofuran (DBF) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) with naphthalene as the primary substrate. Dehydrogenase and ATPase activity of the growing system with the presence of DBF and DBT were decreased when compared to only naphthalene in the growing system, indicating that the presence of DBF and DBT inhibited the metabolic activity of strain JB. The pathways and enzymes involved in the cometabolic degradation were tested. Examination of metabolites elucidated that strain JB cometabolically degraded DBF to 1,2-dihydroxydibenzofuran, subsequently to 2-hydroxy-4-(3'-oxo-3'H-benzofuran-2'-yliden)but-2-enoic acid, and finally to catechol. Meanwhile, strain JB cometabolically degraded DBT to 1,2-dihydroxydibenzothiophene and subsequently to the ring cleavage product. A series of naphthalene-degrading enzymes including naphthalene dioxygenase, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene dioxygenase, salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase, salicylate hydroxylase, and catechol 2,3-oxygenase have been detected, confirming that naphthalene was the real inducer of expression the degradation enzymes and metabolic pathways were controlled by naphthalene-degrading enzymes.
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24
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Genome Sequences of Two Naphthalene-Degrading Strains of Pseudomonas balearica, Isolated from Polluted Marine Sediment and from an Oil Refinery Site. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/14/e00116-17. [PMID: 28385841 PMCID: PMC5383889 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00116-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The genome sequences of Pseudomonas balearica strains LS401 (CCUG 66666) and st101 (CCUG 66667) have been determined. The strains were isolated as naphthalene degraders from polluted marine sediment and from a sample from an oil refinery site, respectively. These genomes provide essential data about the biodegradation capabilities and the ecological implications of P. balearica.
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Bouhajja E, McGuire M, Liles MR, Bataille G, Agathos SN, George IF. Identification of novel toluene monooxygenase genes in a hydrocarbon-polluted sediment using sequence- and function-based screening of metagenomic libraries. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:797-808. [PMID: 27785541 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The microbial potential for toluene degradation within sediments from a tar oil-contaminated site in Flingern, Germany, was assessed using a metagenomic approach. High molecular weight environmental DNA from contaminated sediments was extracted, purified, and cloned into fosmid and BAC vectors and transformed into Escherichia coli. The fosmid library was screened by hybridization with a PCR amplicon of the α-subunit of the toluene 4-monooxygenase gene to identify genes and pathways encoding toluene degradation. Fourteen clones were recovered from the fosmid library, among which 13 were highly divergent from known tmoA genes and several had the closest relatives among Acinetobacter species. The BAC library was transferred to the heterologous hosts Cupriavidus metallidurans (phylum Proteobacteria) and Edaphobacter aggregans (phylum Acidobacteria). The resulting libraries were screened for expression of toluene degradation in the non-degradative hosts. From expression in C. metallidurans, three novel toluene monooxygenase-encoding operons were identified that were located on IncP1 plasmids. The E. aggregans-hosted BAC library led to the isolation of a cloned genetic locus putatively derived from an Acidobacteria taxon that contained genes involved in aerobic and anaerobic toluene degradation. These data suggest the important role of plasmids in the spread of toluene degradative capacity and indicate putative novel tmoA genes present in this hydrocarbon-polluted environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bouhajja
- Earth and Life Institute, Laboratoire de Génie Biologique, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2, boite L7.05.19, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - M McGuire
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Science Building, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
| | - M R Liles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Science Building, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
| | - G Bataille
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 4-5, Bte L.7.07.04, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - S N Agathos
- Earth and Life Institute, Laboratoire de Génie Biologique, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2, boite L7.05.19, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Yachay Tech University, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - I F George
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, Université libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la Plaine CP 221, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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26
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Huang H, Wu K, Khan A, Jiang Y, Ling Z, Liu P, Chen Y, Tao X, Li X. A novel Pseudomonas gessardii strain LZ-E simultaneously degrades naphthalene and reduces hexavalent chromium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 207:370-8. [PMID: 26901089 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Combined pollutants with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals have been identified as toxic and unmanageable contaminates. In this work, Pseudomonas gessardii strain LZ-E isolated from wastewater discharge site of a petrochemical company degrades naphthalene and reduces Cr(VI) simultaneously. 95% of 10mgL(-1) Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) while 77% of 800mgL(-1) naphthalene was degraded when strain LZ-E was incubated in BH medium for 48h. Furthermore, naphthalene promotes Cr(VI) reduction in strain LZ-E as catechol and phthalic acid produced in naphthalene degradation are able to reduce Cr(VI) abiotically. An aerated bioreactor system was setup to test strain LZ-E's remediation ability. Strain LZ-E continuously remediated naphthalene and Cr(VI) at rates of 15mgL(-1)h(-1) and 0.20mgL(-1)h(-1) of 800mgL(-1) naphthalene and 10mgL(-1) Cr(VI) addition with eight batches in 16days. In summary, strain LZ-E is a potential applicant for combined pollution remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Kejia Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Aman Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Ling
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Pu Liu
- Department of Development Biology Sciences, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yong Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xuanyu Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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Linking Microbial Community and Catabolic Gene Structures during the Adaptation of Three Contaminated Soils under Continuous Long-Term Pollutant Stress. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:2227-2237. [PMID: 26850298 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03482-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Three types of contaminated soil from three geographically different areas were subjected to a constant supply of benzene or benzene/toluene/ethylbenzene/xylenes (BTEX) for a period of 3 months. Different from the soil from Brazil (BRA) and Switzerland (SUI), the Czech Republic (CZE) soil which was previously subjected to intensive in situ bioremediation displayed only negligible changes in community structure. BRA and SUI soil samples showed a clear succession of phylotypes. A rapid response to benzene stress was observed, whereas the response to BTEX pollution was significantly slower. After extended incubation, actinobacterial phylotypes increased in relative abundance, indicating their superior fitness to pollution stress. Commonalities but also differences in the phylotypes were observed. Catabolic gene surveys confirmed the enrichment of actinobacteria by identifying the increase of actinobacterial genes involved in the degradation of pollutants. Proteobacterial phylotypes increased in relative abundance in SUI microcosms after short-term stress with benzene, and catabolic gene surveys indicated enriched metabolic routes. Interestingly, CZE soil, despite staying constant in community structure, showed a change in the catabolic gene structure. This indicates that a highly adapted community, which had to adjust its gene pool to meet novel challenges, has been enriched.
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Wu W, Huang H, Ling Z, Yu Z, Jiang Y, Liu P, Li X. Genome sequencing reveals mechanisms for heavy metal resistance and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation in Delftia lacustris strain LZ-C. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:234-247. [PMID: 26589947 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Strain LZ-C, isolated from a petrochemical wastewater discharge site, was found to be resistant to heavy metals and to degrade various aromatic compounds, including naphenol, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene and toluene. Data obtained from 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that this strain was closely related to Delftia lacustris. The 5,889,360 bp genome of strain LZ-C was assembled into 239 contigs and 197 scaffolds containing 5855 predicted open reading frames (ORFs). Among these predicted ORFs, 464 were different from the type strain of Delftia. The minimal inhibitory concentrations were 4 mM, 30 µM, 2 mM and 1 mM for Cr(VI), Hg(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II), respectively. Both genome sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR data revealed that genes related to Chr, Czc and Mer family genes play important roles in heavy metal resistance in strain LZ-C. In addition, the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter NhaA is important for adaptation to high salinity resistance (2.5 M NaCl). The complete pathways of benzene and benzoate degradation were identified through KEGG analysis. Interestingly, strain LZ-C also degrades naphthalene but lacks the key naphthalene degradation gene NahA. Thus, we propose that strain LZ-C exhibits a novel protein with a function similar to NahA. This study is the first to reveal the mechanisms of heavy metal resistance and salinity tolerance in D. lacustris and to identify a potential 2-methylnaphthalene degradation protein in this strain. Through whole-genome sequencing analysis, strain LZ-C might be a good candidate for the bioremediation of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenmin Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengsheng Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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Fragoso Ados Santos H, Duarte GAS, Rachid CTDC, Chaloub RM, Calderon EN, Marangoni LFDB, Bianchini A, Nudi AH, do Carmo FL, van Elsas JD, Rosado AS, Castro CBE, Peixoto RS. Impact of oil spills on coral reefs can be reduced by bioremediation using probiotic microbiota. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18268. [PMID: 26658023 PMCID: PMC4677405 DOI: 10.1038/srep18268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several anthropogenic factors, including contamination by oil spills, constitute a threat to coral reef health. Current methodologies to remediate polluted marine environments are based on the use of chemical dispersants; however, these can be toxic to the coral holobiont. In this study, a probiotic bacterial consortium was produced from the coral Mussismilia harttii and was trained to degrade water-soluble oil fractions (WSFs). Additionally, we assessed the effect of WSFs on the health of M. harttii in tanks and evaluated the bacterial consortium as a bioremediation agent. The consortium was responsible for the highly efficient degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, and it minimised the effects of WSFs on coral health, as indicated by raised photosynthetic efficiencies. Moreover, the impact of WSFs on the coral microbiome was diminished by the introduced bacterial consortium. Following introduction, the bacterial consortium thus had a dual function, i.e promoting oil WSF degradation and improving coral health with its probiotic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Fragoso Ados Santos
- BIOINOVAR/LEMM - Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Caio TavoraCoelho da Costa Rachid
- BIOINOVAR/LEMM - Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Moreira Chaloub
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emiliano Nicolas Calderon
- Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Coral Vivo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Haddad Nudi
- Laboratório de Estudos Marinhos e Ambientais, PUC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flávia Lima do Carmo
- BIOINOVAR/LEMM - Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jan Dirk van Elsas
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Soares Rosado
- BIOINOVAR/LEMM - Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Coral Vivo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Clovis Barreira E Castro
- Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Coral Vivo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Silva Peixoto
- BIOINOVAR/LEMM - Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto Coral Vivo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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30
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Jiang L, Song M, Luo C, Zhang D, Zhang G. Novel Phenanthrene-Degrading Bacteria Identified by DNA-Stable Isotope Probing. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130846. [PMID: 26098417 PMCID: PMC4476716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms responsible for the degradation of phenanthrene in a clean forest soil sample were identified by DNA-based stable isotope probing (SIP). The soil was artificially amended with either 12C- or 13C-labeled phenanthrene, and soil DNA was extracted on days 3, 6 and 9. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) results revealed that the fragments of 219- and 241-bp in HaeIII digests were distributed throughout the gradient profile at three different sampling time points, and both fragments were more dominant in the heavy fractions of the samples exposed to the 13C-labeled contaminant. 16S rRNA sequencing of the 13C-enriched fraction suggested that Acidobacterium spp. within the class Acidobacteria, and Collimonas spp. within the class Betaproteobacteria, were directly involved in the uptake and degradation of phenanthrene at different times. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the genus Collimonas has the ability to degrade PAHs. Two PAH-RHDα genes were identified in 13C-labeled DNA. However, isolation of pure cultures indicated that strains of Staphylococcus sp. PHE-3, Pseudomonas sp. PHE-1, and Pseudomonas sp. PHE-2 in the soil had high phenanthrene-degrading ability. This emphasizes the role of a culture-independent method in the functional understanding of microbial communities in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Mengke Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Chunling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Dayi Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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31
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Baker E, Tang Y, Chu F, Tisa LS. Molecular responses of Frankia sp. strain QA3 to naphthalene. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:281-92. [PMID: 25742598 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Frankia-actinorhizal plant symbiosis plays a significant role in plant colonization in soils contaminated with heavy metals and toxic aromatic hydrocarbons. The molecular response of Frankia upon exposure to soil contaminants is not well understood. To address this issue, we subjected Frankia sp. strain QA3 to naphthalene stress and showed that it could grow on naphthalene as a sole carbon source. Bioinformatic analysis of the Frankia QA3 genome identified a potential operon for aromatic compound degradation as well as several ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases. Under naphthalene stress, the expression of these genes was upregulated. Proteome analysis showed a differential protein profile for cells under naphthalene stress. Several protein spots were analyzed and used to identify proteins involved in stress response, metabolism, and energy production, including a lignostilbene dioxygenase. These results provide a model for understanding the molecular response of Frankia to common soil pollutants, which may be required for survival and proliferation of the bacterium and their hosts in polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Baker
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824-2617, USA
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32
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Deng B, Fu L, Zhang X, Zheng J, Peng L, Sun J, Zhu H, Wang Y, Li W, Wu X, Wu D. The denitrification characteristics of Pseudomonas stutzeri SC221-M and its application to water quality control in grass carp aquaculture. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114886. [PMID: 25489740 PMCID: PMC4260960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To reduce ammonium and nitrite in aquaculture water, an isolate of the denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri, SC221-M, was obtained. The effects of various nitrogen and carbon sources, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen and temperature on bacterial growth, denitrification rates and the expression levels of nirS and nosZ in SC221-M were studied. The following conditions were determined to be optimal for growth and denitrification in SC221-M: NaNO2 as the nitrogen source, sodium citrate as the carbon source, a carbon to nitrogen ratio range of 4–8, and a temperature range of 20–35°C. Subsequently, SC221-M and the Bacillus cereus BSC24 strain were selected to generate microbial preparations. The results showed that addition of the microbial preparations decreased various hydrochemical parameters, including total dissolved solids, ammonium, nitrite, total nitrogen and the chemical oxygen demand. Nitrogen removal rates were highest on day 9; the removal rates of BSC24, SC221-M, a mixed preparation and a 3× mixed preparation were 24.5%, 26.6%, 53.9% and 53.4%, respectively. The mixed preparation (SC221-M+BSC24) was more effective at removing nitrogen than either the SC221-M or BSC24 preparation. Roche 454 pyrosequencing and subsequent analysis indicated that the control and other groups formed separate clusters, and the microbial community structure in the water changed significantly after the addition of microbial preparations. These results indicate that the addition of microbial preparations can improve both the water quality and microbial community structure in an experimental aquaculture system. P. stutzeri strain SC221-M and its related microbial preparations are potential candidates for the regulation of water quality in commercial aquaculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, China
| | - Luoqin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (WL); (XZ)
| | - Jiajia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lisha Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiandong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (WL); (XZ)
| | - Xuexiang Wu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Deyang, China
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Microbial biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Microb Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1201/b17587-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] Open
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Khara P, Roy M, Chakraborty J, Ghosal D, Dutta TK. Functional characterization of diverse ring-hydroxylating oxygenases and induction of complex aromatic catabolic gene clusters in Sphingobium sp. PNB. FEBS Open Bio 2014; 4:290-300. [PMID: 24918041 PMCID: PMC4048848 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingobium sp. PNB, like other sphingomonads, has multiple ring-hydroxylating oxygenase (RHO) genes. Three different fosmid clones have been sequenced to identify the putative genes responsible for the degradation of various aromatics in this bacterial strain. Comparison of the map of the catabolic genes with that of different sphingomonads revealed a similar arrangement of gene clusters that harbors seven sets of RHO terminal components and a sole set of electron transport (ET) proteins. The presence of distinctly conserved amino acid residues in ferredoxin and in silico molecular docking analyses of ferredoxin with the well characterized terminal oxygenase components indicated the structural uniqueness of the ET component in sphingomonads. The predicted substrate specificities, derived from the phylogenetic relationship of each of the RHOs, were examined based on transformation of putative substrates and their structural homologs by the recombinant strains expressing each of the oxygenases and the sole set of available ET proteins. The RHO AhdA1bA2b was functionally characterized for the first time and was found to be capable of transforming ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, cumene, p-cymene and biphenyl, in addition to a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Overexpression of aromatic catabolic genes in strain PNB, revealed by real-time PCR analyses, is a way forward to understand the complex regulation of degradative genes in sphingomonads.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tapan K. Dutta
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
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35
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Draft Genome of the Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri Strain KOS6 Isolated from Industrial Hydrocarbon Sludge. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:genomeA00072-12. [PMID: 23405317 PMCID: PMC3569306 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00072-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a draft genome of Pseudomonas stutzeri strain KOS6. This strain was isolated from industrial hydrocarbon sludge as a diazotrophic microorganism. It represents one of the major parts of the culturable community of the waste and has potential importance for phytoremediation technology.
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36
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Complete genome sequence of the naphthalene-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10 (CCUG 29243). J Bacteriol 2013; 194:6642-3. [PMID: 23144395 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01753-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10 (CCUG 29243) can be considered a model strain for aerobic naphthalene degradation. We report the complete genome sequence of this bacterium. Its 4.71-Mb chromosome provides insights into other biodegradative capabilities of strain AN10 (i.e., benzoate catabolism) and suggests a high number of horizontal gene transfer events.
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37
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The organization of naphthalene degradation genes in Pseudomonas putida strain AK5. Res Microbiol 2012; 164:244-53. [PMID: 23266498 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Pseudomonas putida АК5 that was isolated from the slime pit of a Nizhnekamsk oil chemical factory can metabolize naphthalene via salicylate and gentisate. Catabolic genes are localized on non-conjugative IncP-7 plasmid pAK5 of about 115 kb in size. The "classical"nah-1 operon and the novel sgp-operon (salicylate-gentisate pathway) are both involved in naphthalene degradation by P. putida АК5, that was first described for Pseudomonas. The sgp-operon includes six open reading frames (ORFs) (sgpAIKGHB). The four ORFs code for the entire salicylate 5-hydroxylase - oxidoreductase component (sgpA), large and small subunits of the oxigenase component (sgpG and sgpH) and 2Fe-2S ferredoxin (sgpB). Genes for gentisate 1, 2-dioxygenase (sgpI) and fumarylpyruvate hydrolase (sgpK) are located in salicylate 5-hydroxylase genes clustering between sgpA and sgpG. The putative positive regulator for the sgp-operon (sgpR) was found upstream of the sgpA gene and oriented in the opposite direction from sgpA. The putative maleylacetoacetate isomerase gene is located apart, directly downstream from the sgp-operon. The sgp-operon organization and phylogenetic analysis of deduced amino acid sequences indicate that this operon has a mosaic structure according to the modular theory of the evolution of modern catabolic pathways.
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Han D, Kurusarttra S, Ryu JY, Kanaly RA, Hur HG. Production of natural fragrance aromatic acids by coexpression of trans-anethole oxygenase and p-anisaldehyde dehydrogenase genes of Pseudomonas putida JYR-1 in Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:11972-9. [PMID: 23140548 DOI: 10.1021/jf303531u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A gene encoding p-anisaldehyde dehydrogenase (PAADH), which catalyzes the oxidation of p-anisaldehyde to p-anisic acid, was identified to be clustered with the trans-anethole oxygenase (tao) gene in Pseudomonas putida JYR-1. Heterologously expressed PAADH in Escherichia coli catalyzed the oxidation of vanillin, veratraldehyde, and piperonal to the corresponding aromatic acids vanillic acid, veratric acid, and piperonylic acid, respectively. Coexpression of trans-anethole oxygenase (TAO) and PAADH in E. coli also resulted in the successful transformation of trans-anethole, isoeugenol, O-methyl isoeugenol, and isosafrole to p-anisic acid, vanillic acid, veratric acid, and piperonylic acid, respectively, which are compounds found in plants as secondary metabolites. Because of the relaxed substrate specificity and high transformation rates by coexpressed TAO and PAADH in E. coli , the engineered strain has potential to be applied in the fragrance industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, and International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
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Bertini L, Cafaro V, Proietti S, Caporale C, Capasso P, Caruso C, Di Donato A. Deepening TOL and TOU catabolic pathways of Pseudomonas sp. OX1: cloning, sequencing and characterization of the lower pathways. Biochimie 2012; 95:241-50. [PMID: 23009925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. OX1 is able to metabolize toluene and o-xylene through the TOU catabolic pathway, whereas its mutant M1 strain was found to be able to use m- and p-xylene as carbon and energy source, using the TOL catabolic pathway. Here we report the complete nucleotide sequence of the phe lower operon of the TOU catabolic pathway, and the sequence of the last four genes of the xyl-like lower operon of the TOL catabolic pathway. DNA sequence analysis shows the gene order within the operons to be pheCDEFGHI (phe operon) and xyl-likeQKIH (xyl-like operon), identical to the order found for the isofunctional genes of meta operons in the toluene/xylene pathway of TOL plasmid pWW0 from Pseudomonas putida mt-2 and the phenol/methylphenol pathway of pVIl50 from Pseudomonas sp. CF600. The nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequences are homologous to the equivalent gene and enzyme sequences from other Pseudomonas meta pathways. Recombinant 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (HMSD) and 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase (HMSH), coded by pheCD genes, respectively, and ADA and HOA enzymes from both phe and xyl operons were expressed in E. coli and steady-state kinetic analysis was carried out. The analysis of the kinetic parameters of HMSD and HMSH showed that the enzymes from Pseudomonas sp. OX1 are more specialized to channel metabolites into the two branches of the lower pathway than homologous enzymes from other pseudomonads. The kinetics parameters of recombinant ADA from phe and xyl-like operon were found to be similar to those of homologous enzymes from other Pseudomonas strains. In addition, the enzyme from xyl-like operon showed a substrate affinity three times higher than the enzyme from phe operon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bertini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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Lin CL, Shen FT, Tan CC, Huang CC, Chen BY, Arun A, Young CC. Characterization of Gordonia sp. strain CC-NAPH129-6 capable of naphthalene degradation. Microbiol Res 2012; 167:395-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Heterologous expression of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase genes from a novel pyrene-degrading betaproteobacterium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:3552-9. [PMID: 22427500 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00173-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A betaproteobacterium within the family Rhodocyclaceae previously identified as a pyrene degrader via stable-isotope probing (SIP) of contaminated soil (designated pyrene group 1 or PG1) was cultivated as the dominant member of a mixed bacterial culture. A metagenomic library was constructed, and the largest contigs were analyzed for genes associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolism. Eight pairs of genes with similarity to the α- and β-subunits of ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases (RHDs) associated with aerobic bacterial PAH degradation were identified and linked to PG1 through PCR analyses of a simplified enrichment culture. In tandem with a ferredoxin and reductase found in close proximity to one pair of RHD genes, six of the RHDs were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Each cloned RHD was tested for activity against nine PAHs ranging in size from two to five rings. Despite differences in their predicted protein sequences, each of the six RHDs was capable of transforming phenanthrene and pyrene. Three RHDs could additionally transform naphthalene and fluorene, and these genotypes were also associated with the ability of the E. coli constructs to convert indole to indigo. Only one of the six cloned RHDs was capable of transforming anthracene and benz[a]anthracene. None of the tested RHDs were capable of significantly transforming fluoranthene, chrysene, or benzo[a]pyrene.
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Coitinho JB, Costa DMA, Guimarães SL, de Góes AM, Nagem RAP. Expression, purification and preliminary crystallographic studies of NahF, a salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida G7 involved in naphthalene degradation. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:93-7. [PMID: 22232182 PMCID: PMC3253845 DOI: 10.1107/s174430911105038x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida G7 is one of the most studied naphthalene-degrading species. The nah operon in P. putida, which is present on the 83 kb metabolic plasmid NAH7, codes for enzymes involved in the conversion of naphthalene to salicylate. The enzyme NahF (salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase) catalyzes the last reaction in this pathway. The nahF gene was subcloned into the pET28a(TEV) vector and the recombinant protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli Arctic Express at 285 K. The soluble protein was purified by affinity chromatography followed by gel filtration. Crystals of recombinant NahF (6×His-NahF) were obtained at 291 K and diffracted to 2.42 Å resolution. They belonged to the hexagonal space group P6(4)22, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 169.47, c = 157.94 Å. The asymmetric unit contained a monomer and a crystallographic twofold axis generated the dimeric biological unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Barbosa Coitinho
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
| | - Débora Maria Abrantes Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
| | - Samuel Leite Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Miranda de Góes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Alves Pinto Nagem
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
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Mallick S, Chakraborty J, Dutta TK. Role of oxygenases in guiding diverse metabolic pathways in the bacterial degradation of low-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a review. Crit Rev Microbiol 2010; 37:64-90. [PMID: 20846026 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2010.512268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Widespread environmental pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) poses an immense risk to the environment. Bacteria-mediated attenuation has a great potential for the restoration of PAH-contaminated environment in an ecologically accepted manner. Bacterial degradation of PAHs has been extensively studied and mining of biodiversity is ever expanding the biodegradative potentials with intelligent manipulation of catabolic genes and adaptive evolution to generate multiple catabolic pathways. The present review of bacterial degradation of low-molecular-weight (LMW) PAHs describes the current knowledge about the diverse metabolic pathways depicting novel metabolites, enzyme-substrate/metabolite relationships, the role of oxygenases and their distribution in phylogenetically diverse bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Saldiha College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
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Mercadal JPR, Isaac P, Siñeriz F, Ferrero MA. Indigo production by Pseudomonas sp. J26, a marine naphthalene-degrading strain. J Basic Microbiol 2010; 50:290-3. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.200900276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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TnpR encoded by an ISPpu12 isoform regulates transposition of two different ISL3-like insertion sequences in Pseudomonas stutzeri after conjugative interaction. J Bacteriol 2010; 192:1423-32. [PMID: 20061472 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01336-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10 has two ISL3-like insertion sequences (ISs). One of them has been recently described as ISPst9. In this study we show that the second IS, situated 4.5 kb upstream of ISPst9, is an isoform of ISPpu12 from Pseudomonas putida mt-2. Although both ISL3-like ISs are flanked by nearly identical (21/24 conserved residues) inverted repeats (IRs) and harbor similar transposases (93% amino acid identity), they differ in their accompanying genes. As described for ISPst9, the isoform of ISPpu12 also transposes by a conservative mechanism, forms circular double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) transposition intermediates, and is induced by interaction with the conjugative strain Escherichia coli S17-1lambda(pir) (conjugative interaction) but not with the nonconjugative E. coli DH5alpha. In fact, we demonstrate that ISPst9 transposition after conjugative interaction occurs only when ISPpu12 is present, indicating that ISPpu12 is upregulating transposition of both ISs under such conditions. We also demonstrate that this conjugative interaction-mediated induction of ISPpu12 is not exclusive to the P. stutzeri AN10 strain but is a more general phenomenon, at least in Pseudomonas. Mutation of TnpR, a MerR-like transcriptional regulator present in ISPpu12 but not in ISPst9, reduced the transcription of tnpA (ISPpu12 transposase-encoding gene) and decreased formation of circular dsDNA transposition intermediates after conjugative interaction. Complementation of the TnpR mutant restored the phenotype. In addition, the presence of TnpR in an ISPpu12-free genetic background did not induce ISPst9 after conjugative interaction. Thus, our results suggest that TnpR, after conjugative interaction, activates transcription of tnpA of ISPpu12. Then, TnpA of ISPpu12 would bind to IRs of both ISs, ISPpu12 and ISPst9, causing their transposition.
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Lanfranconi MP, Christie-Oleza JA, MartÃn-Cardona CÃ, Suárez-Suárez LY, Lalucat J, Nogales B, Bosch R. Physiological role of NahW, the additional salicylate hydroxylase found inPseudomonas stutzeriAN10. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2009; 300:265-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Isnansetyo A, Kamei Y. Bioactive substances produced by marine isolates of Pseudomonas. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:1239-48. [PMID: 19582493 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas is a genus of non-fermentative gram-negative Gammaproteobacteria found both on land and in the water. Many terrestrial isolates of this genus have been studied extensively. While many produce bioactive substances, enzymes, and biosurfactants, other Pseudomonas isolates are used for biological control of plant diseases and bioremediation. In contrast, only a few marine isolates of this genus have been described that produce novel bioactive substances. The chemical structures of the bioactive substances from marine Pseudomonas are diverse, including pyroles, pseudopeptide pyrrolidinedione, phloroglucinol, phenazine, benzaldehyde, quinoline, quinolone, phenanthren, phthalate, andrimid, moiramides, zafrin and bushrin. Some of these bioactive compounds are antimicrobial agents, and dibutyl phthalate and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate have been reported to be cathepsin B inhibitors. In addition to being heterogeneous in terms of their structures, the antibacterial substances produced by Pseudomonas also have diverse mechanisms of action: some affect the bacterial cell membrane, causing bacterial cell lysis, whereas others act as acetyl-CoA carboxylase and nitrous oxide synthesis inhibitors. Marine Pseudomonas spp. have been isolated from a wide range of marine environments and are a potential untapped source for medically relevant bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alim Isnansetyo
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Flora Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55182, Indonesia.
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Conjugative interaction induces transposition of ISPst9 in Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10. J Bacteriol 2008; 191:1239-47. [PMID: 19060139 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01071-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ISPst9 is an ISL3-like insertion sequence (IS) that was recently described in the naphthalene-degrading organism Pseudomonas stutzeri strain AN10. In this paper we describe a novel strong IS regulation stimulus; transposition of ISPst9 is induced in all P. stutzeri AN10 cells after conjugative interaction with Escherichia coli. Thus, we observed that in all P. stutzeri AN10 cells that received genetic material by conjugation the ISPst9 genomic dose and/or distribution was changed. Furthermore, ISPst9 transposition was also observed when P. stutzeri AN10 cells were put in contact with the plasmidless conjugative strain E. coli S17-1lambda(pir), but not when they were put in contact with E. coli DH5alpha (a nonconjugative strain). The mechanism of ISPst9 transposition was analyzed, and transposition was shown to proceed by excision from the donor DNA using a conservative mechanism, which generated 3- to 10-bp deletions of the flanking DNA. Our results indicate that ISPst9 transposes, forming double-stranded DNA circular intermediates consisting of the IS and a 5-bp intervening DNA sequence probably derived from the ISPst9 flanking regions. The kinetics of IS circle formation are also described.
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Resolving genetic functions within microbial populations: in situ analyses using rRNA and mRNA stable isotope probing coupled with single-cell raman-fluorescence in situ hybridization. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 75:234-41. [PMID: 18997025 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01861-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prokaryotes represent one-half of the living biomass on Earth, with the vast majority remaining elusive to culture and study within the laboratory. As a result, we lack a basic understanding of the functions that many species perform in the natural world. To address this issue, we developed complementary population and single-cell stable isotope ((13)C)-linked analyses to determine microbial identity and function in situ. We demonstrated that the use of rRNA/mRNA stable isotope probing (SIP) recovered the key phylogenetic and functional RNAs. This was followed by single-cell physiological analyses of these populations to determine and quantify in situ functions within an aerobic naphthalene-degrading groundwater microbial community. Using these culture-independent approaches, we identified three prokaryote species capable of naphthalene biodegradation within the groundwater system: two taxa were isolated in the laboratory (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida), whereas the third eluded culture (an Acidovorax sp.). Using parallel population and single-cell stable isotope technologies, we were able to identify an unculturable Acidovorax sp. which played the key role in naphthalene biodegradation in situ, rather than the culturable naphthalene-biodegrading Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the same groundwater. The Pseudomonas isolates actively degraded naphthalene only at naphthalene concentrations higher than 30 muM. This study demonstrated that unculturable microorganisms could play important roles in biodegradation in the ecosystem. It also showed that the combined RNA SIP-Raman-fluorescence in situ hybridization approach may be a significant tool in resolving ecology, functionality, and niche specialization within the unculturable fraction of organisms residing in the natural environment.
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Peng RH, Xiong AS, Xue Y, Fu XY, Gao F, Zhao W, Tian YS, Yao QH. Microbial biodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2008; 32:927-55. [PMID: 18662317 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread in various ecosystems and are pollutants of great concern due to their potential toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Because of their hydrophobic nature, most PAHs bind to particulates in soil and sediments, rendering them less available for biological uptake. Microbial degradation represents the major mechanism responsible for the ecological recovery of PAH-contaminated sites. The goal of this review is to provide an outline of the current knowledge of microbial PAH catabolism. In the past decade, the genetic regulation of the pathway involved in naphthalene degradation by different gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria was studied in great detail. Based on both genomic and proteomic data, a deeper understanding of some high-molecular-weight PAH degradation pathways in bacteria was provided. The ability of nonligninolytic and ligninolytic fungi to transform or metabolize PAH pollutants has received considerable attention, and the biochemical principles underlying the degradation of PAHs were examined. In addition, this review summarizes the information known about the biochemical processes that determine the fate of the individual components of PAH mixtures in polluted ecosystems. A deeper understanding of the microorganism-mediated mechanisms of catalysis of PAHs will facilitate the development of new methods to enhance the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri-He Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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