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Xu P, Meersmann T, Wang J, Wang C. Review of oxygen-enhanced lung mri: Pulse sequences for image acquisition and T 1 measurement. Med Phys 2023; 50:5987-6007. [PMID: 37345214 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging (OE-MRI) is a special proton imaging technique that can be performed without modifying the scanner hardware. Many fundamental studies have been conducted following the initial reporting of this technique in 1996, illustrating the high potential for its clinical application. This review aims to summarise and analyse current pulse sequences and T1 measurement methods for OE-MRI, including fundamental theories, existing pulse sequences applied to OE-MRI acquisition and T1 mapping. Wash-in and wash-out time identify lung function and are sensitive to ventilation; thus, dynamic OE-MRI is also discussed in this review. We compare OE-MRI with the primary competitive technique, hyperpolarised gas MRI. Finally, an overview of lower-field applications of OE-MRI is highlighted, as relatively recent publications demonstrated positive results. Lower-field OE-MRI, which is lower than 1.5 T, could be an alternative modality for detecting lung diseases. This educational review is aimed at researchers who want a quick summary of the steps needed to perform pulmonary OE-MRI with a particular focus on sequence design, settings, and quantification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, Ningbo, China
| | - Chengbo Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, Ningbo, China
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2
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Foo CT, Langton D, Thompson BR, Thien F. Functional lung imaging using novel and emerging MRI techniques. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1060940. [PMID: 37181360 PMCID: PMC10166823 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1060940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are leading causes of death and disability in the world. While early diagnosis is key, this has proven difficult due to the lack of sensitive and non-invasive tools. Computed tomography is regarded as the gold standard for structural lung imaging but lacks functional information and involves significant radiation exposure. Lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has historically been challenging due to its short T2 and low proton density. Hyperpolarised gas MRI is an emerging technique that is able to overcome these difficulties, permitting the functional and microstructural evaluation of the lung. Other novel imaging techniques such as fluorinated gas MRI, oxygen-enhanced MRI, Fourier decomposition MRI and phase-resolved functional lung imaging can also be used to interrogate lung function though they are currently at varying stages of development. This article provides a clinically focused review of these contrast and non-contrast MR imaging techniques and their current applications in lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan T. Foo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Langton
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce R. Thompson
- Melbourne School of Health Science, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francis Thien
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Hsia CCW, Bates JHT, Driehuys B, Fain SB, Goldin JG, Hoffman EA, Hogg JC, Levin DL, Lynch DA, Ochs M, Parraga G, Prisk GK, Smith BM, Tawhai M, Vidal Melo MF, Woods JC, Hopkins SR. Quantitative Imaging Metrics for the Assessment of Pulmonary Pathophysiology: An Official American Thoracic Society and Fleischner Society Joint Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:161-195. [PMID: 36723475 PMCID: PMC9989862 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202211-915st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple thoracic imaging modalities have been developed to link structure to function in the diagnosis and monitoring of lung disease. Volumetric computed tomography (CT) renders three-dimensional maps of lung structures and may be combined with positron emission tomography (PET) to obtain dynamic physiological data. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using ultrashort-echo time (UTE) sequences has improved signal detection from lung parenchyma; contrast agents are used to deduce airway function, ventilation-perfusion-diffusion, and mechanics. Proton MRI can measure regional ventilation-perfusion ratio. Quantitative imaging (QI)-derived endpoints have been developed to identify structure-function phenotypes, including air-blood-tissue volume partition, bronchovascular remodeling, emphysema, fibrosis, and textural patterns indicating architectural alteration. Coregistered landmarks on paired images obtained at different lung volumes are used to infer airway caliber, air trapping, gas and blood transport, compliance, and deformation. This document summarizes fundamental "good practice" stereological principles in QI study design and analysis; evaluates technical capabilities and limitations of common imaging modalities; and assesses major QI endpoints regarding underlying assumptions and limitations, ability to detect and stratify heterogeneous, overlapping pathophysiology, and monitor disease progression and therapeutic response, correlated with and complementary to, functional indices. The goal is to promote unbiased quantification and interpretation of in vivo imaging data, compare metrics obtained using different QI modalities to ensure accurate and reproducible metric derivation, and avoid misrepresentation of inferred physiological processes. The role of imaging-based computational modeling in advancing these goals is emphasized. Fundamental principles outlined herein are critical for all forms of QI irrespective of acquisition modality or disease entity.
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Bluemke E, Bertrand A, Chu KY, Syed N, Murchison AG, Cooke R, Greenhalgh T, Burns B, Craig M, Taylor N, Shah K, Gleeson F, Bulte D. Oxygen-enhanced MRI and radiotherapy in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2022; 39:100563. [PMID: 36655119 PMCID: PMC9841018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2022.100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose This study aimed to assess the role of T1 mapping and oxygen-enhanced MRI in patients undergoing radical dose radiotherapy for HPV positive oropharyngeal cancer, which has not yet been examined in an OE-MRI study. Materials and methods Variable Flip Angle T1 maps were acquired on a 3T MRI scanner while patients (n = 12) breathed air and/or 100 % oxygen, before and after fraction 10 of the planned 30 fractions of chemoradiotherapy ('visit 1' and 'visit 2', respectively). The analysis aimed to assess to what extent (1) native R1 relates to patient outcome; (2) OE-MRI response relates to patient outcome; (3) changes in mean R1 before and after radiotherapy related to clinical outcome in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Results Due to the radiotherapy being largely successful, the sample sizes of non-responder groups were small, and therefore it was not possible to properly assess the predictive nature of OE-MRI. The tumour R1 increased in some patients while decreasing in others, in a pattern that was overall consistent with the underlying OE-MRI theory and previously reported tumour OE-MRI responses. In addition, we discuss some practical challenges faced when integrating this technique into a clinical trial, with the aim that sharing this is helpful to researchers planning to use OE-MRI in future clinical studies. Conclusion Altogether, these results suggest that further clinical OE-MRI studies to assess hypoxia and radiotherapy response are worth pursuing, and that there is important work to be done to improve the robustness of the OE-MRI technique in human applications in order for it to be useful as a widespread clinical technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bluemke
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK,Corresponding author at: Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Ambre Bertrand
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Kwun-Ye Chu
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, UK,Radiotherapy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Nigar Syed
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew G. Murchison
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Rosie Cooke
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, UK,Radiotherapy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Tessa Greenhalgh
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, UK,University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | - Nia Taylor
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Ketan Shah
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, UK,Radiotherapy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Fergus Gleeson
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Daniel Bulte
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
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Using Variable Flip Angle (VFA) and Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery (MOLLI) T1 mapping in clinical OE-MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 89:92-99. [PMID: 35341905 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The imaging technique known as Oxygen-Enhanced MRI is under development as a noninvasive technique for imaging hypoxia in tumours and pulmonary diseases. While promising results have been shown in preclinical experiments, clinical studies have mentioned experiencing difficulties with patient motion, image registration, and the limitations of single-slice images compared to 3D volumes. As clinical studies begin to assess feasibility of using OE-MRI in patients, it is important for researchers to communicate about the practical challenges experienced when using OE-MRI on patients to help the technique advance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We report on our experience with using two types of T1 mapping (MOLLI and VFA) for a recently completed OE-MRI clinical study on oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS We report: (1) the artefacts and practical difficulties encountered in this study; (2) the difference in estimated T1 from each method used - the VFA T1 estimation was higher than the MOLLI estimation by 27% on average; (3) the standard deviation within the tumour ROIs - there was no significant difference in the standard deviation seen within the tumour ROIs from the VFA versus MOLLI; and (4) the OE-MRI response collected from either method. Lastly, we collated the MRI acquisition details from over 45 relevant manuscripts as a convenient reference for researchers planning future studies. CONCLUSION We have reported our practical experience from an OE-MRI clinical study, with the aim that sharing this is helpful to researchers planning future studies. In this study, VFA was a more useful technique for using OE-MRI in tumours than MOLLI T1 mapping.
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Imaging of congenital lung diseases presenting in the adulthood: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:153. [PMID: 34716817 PMCID: PMC8557233 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital lung diseases in adults are rare diseases that can present with symptoms or be detected incidentally. Familiarity with the imaging features of different types of congenital lung diseases helps both in correct diagnosis and management of these diseases. Congenital lung diseases in adults are classified into three main categories as bronchopulmonary anomalies, vascular anomalies, and combined bronchopulmonary and vascular anomalies. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography, especially 3D reconstructions, CT, or MR angiography, can show vascular anomalies in detail. The tracheobronchial tree, parenchymal changes, and possible complications can also be defined on chest CT, and new applications such as quantitative 3D reconstruction CT images, dual-energy CT (DECT) can be helpful in imaging parenchymal changes. In addition to the morphological assessment of the lungs, novel MRI techniques such as ultra-short echo time (UTE), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and phase-resolved functional lung (PREFUL) can provide functional information. This pictorial review aims to comprehensively define the radiological characteristics of each congenital lung disease in adults and to highlight differential diagnoses and possible complications of these diseases.
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Ohno Y, Hanamatsu S, Obama Y, Ueda T, Ikeda H, Hattori H, Murayama K, Toyama H. Overview of MRI for pulmonary functional imaging. Br J Radiol 2021; 95:20201053. [PMID: 33529053 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20201053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphological evaluation of the lung is important in the clinical evaluation of pulmonary diseases. However, the disease process, especially in its early phases, may primarily result in changes in pulmonary function without changing the pulmonary structure. In such cases, the traditional imaging approaches to pulmonary morphology may not provide sufficient insight into the underlying pathophysiology. Pulmonary imaging community has therefore tried to assess pulmonary diseases and functions utilizing not only nuclear medicine, but also CT and MR imaging with various technical approaches. In this review, we overview state-of-the art MR methods and the future direction of: (1) ventilation imaging, (2) perfusion imaging and (3) biomechanical evaluation for pulmonary functional imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.,Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Satomu Hanamatsu
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuki Obama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ueda
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ikeda
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Hattori
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Murayama
- Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Toyama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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Inhaled Gas Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Advances, Applications, Limitations, and New Frontiers. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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9
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Hatabu H, Ohno Y, Gefter WB, Parraga G, Madore B, Lee KS, Altes TA, Lynch DA, Mayo JR, Seo JB, Wild JM, van Beek EJR, Schiebler ML, Kauczor HU. Expanding Applications of Pulmonary MRI in the Clinical Evaluation of Lung Disorders: Fleischner Society Position Paper. Radiology 2020; 297:286-301. [PMID: 32870136 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020201138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary MRI provides structural and quantitative functional images of the lungs without ionizing radiation, but it has had limited clinical use due to low signal intensity from the lung parenchyma. The lack of radiation makes pulmonary MRI an ideal modality for pediatric examinations, pregnant women, and patients requiring serial and longitudinal follow-up. Fortunately, recent MRI techniques, including ultrashort echo time and zero echo time, are expanding clinical opportunities for pulmonary MRI. With the use of multicoil parallel acquisitions and acceleration methods, these techniques make pulmonary MRI practical for evaluating lung parenchymal and pulmonary vascular diseases. The purpose of this Fleischner Society position paper is to familiarize radiologists and other interested clinicians with these advances in pulmonary MRI and to stratify the Society recommendations for the clinical use of pulmonary MRI into three categories: (a) suggested for current clinical use, (b) promising but requiring further validation or regulatory approval, and (c) appropriate for research investigations. This position paper also provides recommendations for vendors and infrastructure, identifies methods for hypothesis-driven research, and suggests opportunities for prospective, randomized multicenter trials to investigate and validate lung MRI methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Hatabu
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Yoshiharu Ohno
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Warren B Gefter
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Grace Parraga
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Bruno Madore
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Talissa A Altes
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - David A Lynch
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - John R Mayo
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Jim M Wild
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Edwin J R van Beek
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
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- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
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10
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Voskrebenzev A, Vogel-Claussen J. Proton MRI of the Lung: How to Tame Scarce Protons and Fast Signal Decay. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:1344-1357. [PMID: 32166832 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary proton MRI techniques offer the unique possibility of assessing lung function and structure without the requirement for hyperpolarization or dedicated hardware, which is mandatory for multinuclear acquisition. Five popular approaches are presented and discussed in this review: 1) oxygen enhanced (OE)-MRI; 2) arterial spin labeling (ASL); 3) Fourier decomposition (FD) MRI and other related methods including self-gated noncontrast-enhanced functional lung (SENCEFUL) MR and phase-resolved functional lung (PREFUL) imaging; 4) dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI; and 5) ultrashort TE (UTE) MRI. While DCE MRI is the most established and well-studied perfusion measurement, FD MRI offers a free-breathing test without any contrast agent and is predestined for application in patients with renal failure or with low compliance. Additionally, FD MRI and related methods like PREFUL and SENCEFUL can act as an ionizing radiation-free V/Q scan, since ventilation and perfusion information is acquired simultaneously during one scan. For OE-MRI, different concentrations of oxygen are applied via a facemask to assess the regional change in T1 , which is caused by the paramagnetic property of oxygen. Since this change is governed by a combination of ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion, a compound functional measurement can be achieved with OE-MRI. The known problem of fast T2 * decay of the lung parenchyma leading to a low signal-to-noise ratio is bypassed by the UTE acquisition strategy. Computed tomography (CT)-like images allow the assessment of lung structure with high spatial resolution without ionizing radiation. Despite these different branches of proton MRI, common trends are evident among pulmonary proton MRI: 1) free-breathing acquisition with self-gating; 2) application of UTE to preserve a stronger parenchymal signal; and 3) transition from 2D to 3D acquisition. On that note, there is a visible convergence of the different methods and it is not difficult to imagine that future methods will combine different aspects of the presented methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Voskrebenzev
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Vogel-Claussen
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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11
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Kinematic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thorax Using 2-Dimensional Balanced Subsecond Steady-state Free Precession Sequence During Forced Breathing in Comparison With Spirometry. J Thorac Imaging 2018; 33:184-190. [DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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13
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Sasaki T, Takahashi K, Obara M. Viability of Oxygen-enhanced Ventilation Imaging of the Lungs Using Ultra-short Echo Time MRI. Magn Reson Med Sci 2017; 16:259-261. [PMID: 28003624 PMCID: PMC5600034 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.tn.2015-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the viability of oxygen-enhanced ventilation images using ultra-short echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI). Methods: We evaluated the oxygen enhancement of the pulmonary T2*, and pulmonary signals in each TE (0.2, 0.8, 1.4, 2.0 ms) in 21 nonsmokers. Results: The oxygen enhancement of pulmonary signals was the most significant (32%) at the 0.2 ms TE, the second in the pulmonary T2* (−18%). Conclusions: Pulmonary images using UTE-MRI are useful for ventilation imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Makoto Obara
- MR Clinical Science, Philips Electronics Japan Ltd
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14
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Colliez F, Gallez B, Jordan BF. Assessing Tumor Oxygenation for Predicting Outcome in Radiation Oncology: A Review of Studies Correlating Tumor Hypoxic Status and Outcome in the Preclinical and Clinical Settings. Front Oncol 2017; 7:10. [PMID: 28180110 PMCID: PMC5263142 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is recognized as a limiting factor for the efficacy of radiotherapy, because it enhances tumor radioresistance. It is strongly suggested that assessing tumor oxygenation could help to predict the outcome of cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. Strategies have also been developed to alleviate tumor hypoxia in order to radiosensitize tumors. In addition, oxygen mapping is critically needed for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), in which the most hypoxic regions require higher radiation doses and the most oxygenated regions require lower radiation doses. However, the assessment of tumor oxygenation is not yet included in day-to-day clinical practice. This is due to the lack of a method for the quantitative and non-invasive mapping of tumor oxygenation. To fully integrate tumor hypoxia parameters into effective improvements of the individually tailored radiation therapy protocols in cancer patients, methods allowing non-invasively repeated, safe, and robust mapping of changes in tissue oxygenation are required. In this review, non-invasive methods dedicated to assessing tumor oxygenation with the ultimate goal of predicting outcome in radiation oncology are presented, including positron emission tomography used with nitroimidazole tracers, magnetic resonance methods using endogenous contrasts (R1 and R2*-based methods), and electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry; the goal is to highlight results of studies establishing correlations between tumor hypoxic status and patients’ outcome in the preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Colliez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Bénédicte F Jordan
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
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15
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Dietrich O, Gaass T, Reiser MF. T1 relaxation time constants, influence of oxygen, and the oxygen transfer function of the human lung at 1.5 T—A meta-analysis. Eur J Radiol 2017; 86:252-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Stewart NJ, Wild JM. MRI methods for structural and functional assessment of the lungs: proton and multinuclear. IMAGING 2016. [DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10002115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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17
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Kruger SJ, Nagle SK, Couch MJ, Ohno Y, Albert M, Fain SB. Functional imaging of the lungs with gas agents. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 43:295-315. [PMID: 26218920 PMCID: PMC4733870 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the state-of-the-art of the three major classes of gas contrast agents used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-hyperpolarized (HP) gas, molecular oxygen, and fluorinated gas--and their application to clinical pulmonary research. During the past several years there has been accelerated development of pulmonary MRI. This has been driven in part by concerns regarding ionizing radiation using multidetector computed tomography (CT). However, MRI also offers capabilities for fast multispectral and functional imaging using gas agents that are not technically feasible with CT. Recent improvements in gradient performance and radial acquisition methods using ultrashort echo time (UTE) have contributed to advances in these functional pulmonary MRI techniques. The relative strengths and weaknesses of the main functional imaging methods and gas agents are compared and applications to measures of ventilation, diffusion, and gas exchange are presented. Functional lung MRI methods using these gas agents are improving our understanding of a wide range of chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and cystic fibrosis in both adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley J. Kruger
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI, U.S.A
| | - Scott K. Nagle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI, U.S.A
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI, U.S.A
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI, U.S.A
| | - Marcus J. Couch
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Biotechnology Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mitchell Albert
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Sean B. Fain
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI, U.S.A
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI, U.S.A
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI, U.S.A
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18
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Jobst BJ, Triphan SMF, Sedlaczek O, Anjorin A, Kauczor HU, Biederer J, Ley-Zaporozhan J, Ley S, Wielpütz MO. Functional lung MRI in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: comparison of T1 mapping, oxygen-enhanced T1 mapping and dynamic contrast enhanced perfusion. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121520. [PMID: 25822195 PMCID: PMC4379151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Monitoring of regional lung function in interventional COPD trials requires alternative endpoints beyond global parameters such as FEV1. T1 relaxation times of the lung might allow to draw conclusions on tissue composition, blood volume and oxygen fraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential value of lung Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with native and oxygen-enhanced T1 mapping for the assessment of COPD patients in comparison with contrast enhanced perfusion MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS 20 COPD patients (GOLD I-IV) underwent a coronal 2-dimensional inversion recovery snapshot flash sequence (8 slices/lung) at room air and during inhalation of pure oxygen, as well as dynamic contrast-enhanced first-pass perfusion imaging. Regional distribution of T1 at room air (T1), oxygen-induced T1 shortening (ΔT1) and peak enhancement were rated by 2 chest radiologists in consensus using a semi-quantitative 3-point scale in a zone-based approach. RESULTS Abnormal T1 and ΔT1 were highly prevalent in the patient cohort. T1 and ΔT1 correlated positively with perfusion abnormalities (r = 0.81 and r = 0.80; p&0.001), and with each other (r = 0.80; p<0.001). In GOLD stages I and II ΔT1 was normal in 16/29 lung zones with mildly abnormal perfusion (15/16 with abnormal T1). The extent of T1 (r = 0.45; p<0.05), ΔT1 (r = 0.52; p<0.05) and perfusion abnormalities (r = 0.52; p<0.05) showed a moderate correlation with GOLD stage. CONCLUSION Native and oxygen-enhanced T1 mapping correlated with lung perfusion deficits and severity of COPD. Under the assumption that T1 at room air correlates with the regional pulmonary blood pool and that oxygen-enhanced T1 reflects lung ventilation, both techniques in combination are principally suitable to characterize ventilation-perfusion imbalance. This appears valuable for the assessment of regional lung characteristics in COPD trials without administration of i.v. contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram J. Jobst
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Simon M. F. Triphan
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Research Center Magnetic Resonance Bavaria (MRB), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Sedlaczek
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Anjorin
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Ulrich Kauczor
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Biederer
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Radiologie Darmstadt, Department of Radiology Hospital Gross-Gerau, Gross-Gerau, Germany
| | - Julia Ley-Zaporozhan
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ley
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Surgical Hospital Dr. Rinecker, Munich, Germany
| | - Mark O. Wielpütz
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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Zhang WJ, Niven RM, Young SS, Liu YZ, Parker GJM, Naish JH. Dynamic oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the lung in asthma -- initial experience. Eur J Radiol 2014; 84:318-26. [PMID: 25467640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To prospectively estimate the feasibility and reproducibility of dynamic oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OE-MRI) in the assessment of regional oxygen delivery, uptake and washout in asthmatic lungs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the National Research Ethics Committee and written informed consent was obtained. Dynamic OE-MRI was performed twice at one month apart on four mild asthmatic patients (23±5 years old, FEV1=96±3% of predicted value) and six severe asthmatic patients (41±12 years old, FEV1=60±14% of predicted value) on a 1.5T MR scanner using a two-dimensional T1-weighted inversion-recovery turbo spin echo sequence. The enhancing fraction (EF), the maximal change in the partial pressure of oxygen in lung tissue (ΔPO2max_l) and arterial blood of the aorta (ΔPO2max_a), and the oxygen wash-in (τup_l, τup_a) and wash-out (τdown_l, τdown_a) time constants were extracted and compared between groups using the independent-samples t-test (two-tailed). Correlations between imaging readouts and clinical measurements were assessed by Pearson's correlation analysis. Bland-Altman analysis was used to estimate the levels of agreement between the repeat scans and the intra-observer agreement in the MR imaging readouts. RESULTS The severe asthmatic group had significantly smaller EF (70±16%) and median ΔPO2max_l (156±52mmHg) and significantly larger interquartile range of τup_l (0.84±0.26min) than the mild asthmatic group (95±3%, P=0.014; 281±40mmHg, P=0.004; 0.20±0.07min, P=0.001, respectively). EF, median ΔPO2max_l and τdown_l and the interquartile range of τup_l and τdown_l were significantly correlated with age and pulmonary function test parameters (r=-0.734 to -0.927, 0.676-0.905; P=0.001-0.045). Median ΔPO2max_l was significantly correlated with ΔPO2max_a (r=0.745, P=0.013). Imaging readouts showed good one-month reproducibility and good intra-observer agreement (mean bias between repeated scans and between two observations did not significantly deviate from zero). CONCLUSIONS Dynamic OE-MRI is feasible in asthma and sensitive to the severity of disease. The technique provides indices related to regional oxygen delivery, uptake and washout that show good one month reproducibility and intra-observer agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Juan Zhang
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Robert M Niven
- North West Lung Research Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.
| | - Simon S Young
- Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, UK.
| | - Yu-Zhen Liu
- Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, UK.
| | - Geoffrey J M Parker
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Bioxydyn Limited, Rutherford House, Pencroft Way, Manchester M15 6SZ, UK.
| | - Josephine H Naish
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Biomedical Imaging Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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Fujii K, Watanabe Y, Hanaoka S, Motoyoshi K, Goto M, Amemiya S, Ino K, Akahane M, Yano K, Ohtomo K. [Study on cine view of relative enhancement ratio map in O2-enhanced MRI]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2014; 70:1290-1296. [PMID: 25410336 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2014_jsrt_70.11.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the evaluation of organ structure and function. Oxygen-enhanced MRI (O2-enhanced MRI) is a method for evaluating the pulmonary ventilation function using oxygen as a contrast agent. We created the Cine View of Relative Enhancement Ratio Map (Cine RER map) in O2-enhanced MRI to easily observe the contrast effect for clinical use. Relative enhancement ratio (RER) was determined as the pixel values of the Cine RER map. Moreover, six healthy volunteers underwent O2-enhanced MRI to determine the appropriate scale width of the Cine RER map. We calculated each RER and set 0 to 1.27 as the scale width of the Cine RER map based on the results. The Cine RER map made it possible to observe the contrast effect over time and thus is a convenient tool for evaluating the pulmonary ventilation function in O2-enhanced MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Fujii
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tokyo University Hospital
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21
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Morgan AR, Parker GJM, Roberts C, Buonaccorsi GA, Maguire NC, Hubbard Cristinacce PL, Singh D, Vestbo J, Bjermer L, Jögi J, Taib Z, Sarv J, Bruijnzeel PLB, Olsson LE, Bondesson E, Nihlén U, McGrath DM, Young SS, Waterton JC, Nordenmark LH. Feasibility assessment of using oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating the effect of pharmacological treatment in COPD. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83:2093-101. [PMID: 25176287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) biomarkers have potential value in assessment of COPD, but need further evaluation before treatment-induced changes can be interpreted. The objective was to evaluate how OE-MRI parameters of regional ventilation and oxygen uptake respond to standard pharmacological interventions in COPD, and how the response compares to that of gold standard pulmonary function tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS COPD patients (n=40), mean FEV1 58% predicted normal, received single-dose inhaled formoterol 9μg, or placebo, followed by 8 weeks treatment bid with a combination of budesonide and formoterol Turbuhaler(®) 320/9μg or formoterol Turbuhaler(®). OE-MRI biomarkers were obtained, as well as X-ray computed tomography (CT) biomarkers and pulmonary function tests, in a two-center study. An ANCOVA statistical model was used to assess effect size of intervention measurable in OE-MRI parameters of lung function. RESULTS OE-MRI data were successfully acquired at both study sites. 8-week treatment with budesonide/formoterol significantly decreased lung wash-out time by 31% (p<0.01), decreased the change in lung oxygen level upon breathing pure oxygen by 13% (p<0.05) and increased oxygen extraction from the lung by 58% (p<0.01). Single-dose formoterol increased both lung wash-out time (+47%, p<0.05) and lung oxygenation time (+47%, p<0.05). FEV1 was improved by single-dose formoterol (+12%, p<0.001) and 8 weeks of budesonide/formoterol (+ 18%, p<0.001), consistent with published studies. CONCLUSIONS In COPD, OE-MRI parameters showed response to both single-dose bronchodilatory effects of a β2-agonist, formoterol, and 8-week treatment with an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, and the measurements are feasible in a small-scale multi-center trial setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Morgan
- Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester, UK; Centre for Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Imaging Institute, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Geoff J M Parker
- Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester, UK; Centre for Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Imaging Institute, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Caleb Roberts
- Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester, UK; Centre for Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Imaging Institute, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Penny L Hubbard Cristinacce
- Centre for Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Imaging Institute, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dave Singh
- University of Manchester, Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- University of Manchester, Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Jögi
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ulf Nihlén
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Deirdre M McGrath
- Centre for Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Imaging Institute, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - John C Waterton
- Centre for Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Imaging Institute, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, UK
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Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is a pathologic condition characterized by permanently enlarged airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole with destruction of the alveolar walls. Functional information of the lungs is important to understand the pathophysiology of emphysema and that of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With the recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, functional MRI with variable MR sequences can be used for the evaluation of different physiological and anatomic changes seen in cases of pulmonary emphysema. In this review article, we will focus on a brief description of each method, results of some of the most recent work, and the clinical application of such knowledge.
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Ohno Y, Koyama H, Yoshikawa T, Matsumoto K, Aoyama N, Onishi Y, Takenaka D, Matsumoto S, Nishimura Y, Sugimura K. Comparison of capability of dynamic O2-enhanced MRI and quantitative thin-section MDCT to assess COPD in smokers. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81:1068-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Revised: 10/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Thompson RB, Finlay WH. Using MRI to Measure Aerosol Deposition. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2012; 25:55-62. [DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2011.0897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Warren H. Finlay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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25
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Abstract
Pulmonary magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been put forward as a new research and diagnostic tool mainly to overcome the limitations of computed tomography and nuclear medicine studies. However, pulmonary MR imaging has been difficult to use because of inherently low proton density, a multitude of air-tissue interfaces, which create significant magnetic field distortions and are commonly referred to as susceptibility artifacts; diminishing signal in the lung; and respiratory and/or cardiac motion artifacts. To overcome these drawbacks of pulmonary MR imaging, technical advances made during the last decade in sequencing, scanner and coil, adaptation of parallel imaging techniques, and utilization of contrast media have been reported as being useful for functional and morphologic assessment of various pulmonary diseases including airway diseases. This review article covers (1) pulmonary MR techniques for morphologic and functional assessment of airway diseases, and (2) pulmonary MR imaging for cystic fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonary MR imaging provides not only morphology-related but also pulmonary function-related information. It has the potential to replace nuclear medicine studies for the identification of regional pulmonary function and may perform a complementary role in airway disease assessment instead of nuclear medicine study. We believe that the findings of further basic studies as well as clinical applications of this new technique will validate the real significance of pulmonary MR imaging for the future of airway disease assessment and its usefulness for diagnostic radiology and pulmonary medicine.
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Maxien D, Dietrich O, Thieme SF, Förster S, Behr J, Reiser MF, Nikolaou K. Value of oxygen-enhanced MRI of the lungs in patients with pulmonary hypertension: A qualitative and quantitative approach. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 35:86-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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27
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Takenaka D, Puderbach M, Ohno Y, Risse F, Ley S, Sugimura K, Kauczor HU. Oxygen-enhanced lung magnetic resonance imaging: influence of inversion pulse slice selectivity on inversion recovery half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin-echo signal. Jpn J Radiol 2011; 29:244-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s11604-010-0548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dietrich O, Attenberger UI, Ingrisch M, Maxien D, Peller M, Nikolaou K, Reiser MF. Analysis of signal dynamics in oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Invest Radiol 2010; 45:165-73. [PMID: 20195161 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0b013e3181cd74e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxygen-enhanced MRI (O2-MRI) is frequently based on a block paradigm consisting of a series of consecutive T1-weighted scans acquired during alternating blocks with inhalation of room air and of pure oxygen. This design results in a complex signal-time course for each pixel, which displays the oxygen wash-in and wash-out processes and provides spatially resolved information about the lung function. The purpose of the present study was to optimize the signal-time-course analysis to extract (pixelwise) the maximum amount of information from the acquired data, and to introduce an appropriate cross-correlation approach for data sets containing the oxygen wash-in and wash-out periods. MATERIALS AND METHODS O2-MRI data of 11 healthy volunteers were acquired with a multislice inversion-recovery single-shot turbo-spin-echo sequence at 1.5 Tesla; lung and spleen were manually segmented on all 44 acquired slices. Six different model functions were pixelwise fitted to the data and compared using the Akaike information criterion. Four different reference functions were compared for cross-correlation analysis. RESULTS The optimal model function is a piecewise exponential function (median enhancement in lung/spleen: 16.3%/14.8%) with different time constants for wash-in (29.4 seconds/72.7 seconds) and wash-out (25.1 seconds/29.6 seconds). As a new parameter, it contains the delay between switching the gas supply and the onset of the signal change (4.8 seconds/24.5 seconds). Optimal cross-correlation results were obtained with a piecewise exponential reference function, which was temporally shifted to maximize the correlation, yielding median correlation coefficients of 0.694 and 0.878, median time delays of 7.5 seconds and 38.6 seconds, and median fractions of oxygen-activated pixels of 83.6% and 92.2% in the lung and the spleen, respectively. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that the pixelwise assessment of O2-MRI data are optimally performed with piecewise exponential functions. Cross-correlation analysis with a piecewise exponential reference function results in significantly higher fractions of oxygen-activated pixels than with rectangular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Dietrich
- Department of Clinical Radiology-Grosshadern, LMU Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Abstract
This article discusses the role of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in evaluating the pulmonary arterial system. For depiction of pulmonary arterial anatomy and morphology, MRA techniques are compared with CT angiography and digital subtraction x-ray angiography. Perfusion, flow, and function are emphasized, as the integrated MR examination offers a comprehensive assessment of vascular morphology and function. Advances in MR technology that improve spatial and temporal resolution and compensate for potential artifacts are reviewed as they pertain to pulmonary MRA. Current and emerging gadolinium contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced MRA techniques are discussed. The role of pulmonary MRA, clinical protocols, imaging findings, and interpretation pitfalls are reviewed for clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Hecht
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 560 First Avenue, TCH-HW202, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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30
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Scholz AW, Wolf U, Fabel M, Weiler N, Heussel CP, Eberle B, David M, Schreiber WG. Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging of inhaled SF6 with respiratory gas analysis. Magn Reson Imaging 2009; 27:549-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2008.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Revised: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Assessment of pulmonary parenchyma perfusion with FAIR in comparison with DCE-MRI—Initial results. Eur J Radiol 2009; 70:41-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Matsuoka S, Hunsaker AR, Gill RR, Jacobson FL, Ohno Y, Patz S, Hatabu H. Functional MR imaging of the lung. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2008; 16:275-89, ix. [PMID: 18474332 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent development of MR techniques has overcome many problems, such as susceptibility artifacts or motion artifact, allowing both static and dynamic MR lung imaging and providing quantitative information of pulmonary function, including perfusion, ventilation, and respiratory motion. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion imaging is suitable for the evaluation of angiogenesis of pulmonary solitary nodules. (129)Xe MR imaging is potentially a robust technique for the evaluation of various pulmonary function and may replace (3)He. The information provided by these new MR imaging methods is proving useful in research and in clinical applications in various lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Matsuoka
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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33
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Mosbah K, Ruiz-Cabello J, Berthezène Y, Crémillieux Y. Aerosols and gaseous contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging of the lung. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2008; 3:173-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Ohno Y, Iwasawa T, Seo JB, Koyama H, Takahashi H, Oh YM, Nishimura Y, Sugimura K. Oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography: multicenter study for clinical stage classification of smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 177:1095-102. [PMID: 18276941 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200709-1322oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as a useful tool for assessing regional morphological and functional changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES To prospectively and directly compare the efficacy of O(2)-enhanced MRI and quantitative computed tomography (CT) for smoking-related pulmonary functional loss assessment and clinical stage classification of smoking-related COPD. METHODS One hundred sixty smokers were classified into four age- and gender-matched groups by using the GOLD criteria for smokers: Smokers without COPD (n = 40), Mild COPD (n = 40), Moderate COPD (n = 40), and Severe or Very Severe COPD (n = 40). All smokers underwent O(2)-enhanced MRI, multidetector-row CT, and pulmonary function test. Mean relative enhancement ratio on O(2)-enhanced MRI and CT-based functional lung volume (FLV) on quantitative CT were calculated. To compare the efficacy of O(2)-enhanced MRI and quantitative CT for pulmonary functional loss assessment, both indexes were correlated with pulmonary functional parameters. To determine the efficacy of two methods for clinical stage classification, the four clinical groups' mean relative enhancement ratio and CT-based FLV were statistically compared. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Correlations of both indexes with pulmonary functional parameters were significant (P < 0.0001). Pulmonary functional parameters and mean relative enhancement ratio for the four clinical groups showed significant differences (P < 0.05). CT-based FLVs of smokers without COPD and mild COPD were significantly different from those for moderate COPD and severe or very severe COPD (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS O(2)-enhanced MRI is effective for pulmonary functional loss assessment and clinical stage classification of smoking-related COPD and quantitative CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
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35
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Dynamic oxygen-enhanced MRI versus quantitative CT: pulmonary functional loss assessment and clinical stage classification of smoking-related COPD. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008; 190:W93-9. [PMID: 18212207 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.07.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study is to prospectively compare the capability of dynamic oxygen-enhanced MRI and quantitative CT for pulmonary functional loss assessment and clinical stage classification of smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Ten nonsmoking and 61 consecutive smoking-related COPD subjects underwent dynamic oxygen-enhanced MRI, CT, and pulmonary function tests. COPD subjects were classified into four clinical stages on the basis of the ATS-ERS guidelines. Wash-in time and relative enhancement ratio maps were generated by pixel-by-pixel analyses. Mean wash-in time and relative enhancement ratio were determined as averages of region of interest (ROI) measurements. CT-based functional lung volumes were measured on quantitative CT using the density-masked CT technique. For comparison of assessment capability for smoking-related functional loss, the three parameters were correlated with the percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1) and the percentage predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide corrected for alveolar volume (%DL(CO)/VA). To determine the clinical stage classification capability, these parameters were statistically compared for nonsmoking subjects and all clinical stages of smoking-related COPD subjects. RESULTS Correlation between mean wash-in time and %FEV1 (r = -0.74, p < 0.0001) and between mean relative enhancement ratio and %DL(CO)/VA (r = 0.66, p < 0.0001) was better than that between CT-based functional lung volume and either %FEV1 (r = 0.61, p < 0.0001) or %DL(CO)/VA (r = 0.56, p < 0.0001). Mean wash-in time showed a significant difference between nonsmoking and smoking-related COPD subjects at all clinical stages (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Dynamic oxygen-enhanced MRI has potential for pulmonary functional loss assessment and clinical stage classification of smoking-related COPD as does quantitative CT.
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36
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Pracht ED, Arnold JF, Seiberlich N, Kotas M, Flentje M, Jakob PM. Oxygen-enhanced Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Lung. Cancer Imaging 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-012374212-4.50031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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37
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Ohno Y, Hatabu H. Basics concepts and clinical applications of oxygen-enhanced MR imaging. Eur J Radiol 2007; 64:320-8. [PMID: 17980535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 08/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging is a new technique, and its physiological significance has not yet been fully elucidated. This review article covers (1) the theory of oxygen enhancement and its relationship with respiratory physiology; (2) design for oxygen-enhanced MR imaging sequencing; (3) a basic study of oxygen-enhanced MR imaging in animal models and humans; (4) a clinical study of oxygen-enhanced MR imaging; and (5) a comparison of advantages and disadvantages of this technique with those of hyperpolarized noble gas MR ventilation imaging. Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging provides not only the ventilation-related, but also respiration-related information. Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging has the potential to replace nuclear medicine studies for the identification of regional pulmonary function, and many investigators are now attempting to adapt this technique for routine clinical studies. We believe that further basic studies as well as clinical applications of this new technique will define the real significance of oxygen-enhanced MR imaging for the future of pulmonary functional imaging and its usefulness for diagnostic radiology and pulmonary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Radiology, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ley-Zaporozhan
- Department of Radiology, E 010, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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39
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O'Connor JPB, Jackson A, Buonaccorsi GA, Buckley DL, Roberts C, Watson Y, Cheung S, McGrath DM, Naish JH, Rose CJ, Dark PM, Jayson GC, Parker GJM. Organ-specific effects of oxygen and carbogen gas inhalation on tissue longitudinal relaxation times. Magn Reson Med 2007; 58:490-6. [PMID: 17763345 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen has been previously shown to shorten longitudinal relaxation time (T1) in the spleen and renal cortex, but not in the liver or fat. In this study, the magnitude and temporal evolution of this effect were investigated. Medical air, oxygen, and carbogen (95% oxygen/5% CO2) were administered sequentially in 16 healthy volunteers. T1 maps were acquired using spoiled gradient echo sequences (TR=3.5 ms, TE=0.9 ms, alpha=2 degrees/8 degrees/17 degrees) with six acquisitions on air, 12 on oxygen, 12 on carbogen, and six to 12 back on air. Mean T1 values and change in relaxation rate were compared between each phase of gas inhalation in the liver, spleen, skeletal muscle, renal cortex, and fat by one-way analysis of variance. Oxygen-induced T1-shortening occurred in the liver in fasted subjects (P<0.001) but not in non-fasted subjects (P=0.244). T1-shortening in spleen and renal cortex (both P<0.001) were greater than previously reported. Carbogen induced conflicting responses in different organs, suggesting a complex relationship with organ vasculature. Shortening of tissue T1 by oxygen is more pronounced and more complex than previously recognized. The effect may be useful as a biomarker of arterial flow and oxygen delivery to vascular beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P B O'Connor
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, and Cancer Research UK Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK. james.o'
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40
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Puderbach M, Ohno Y, Kawamitsu H, Koyama H, Takenaka D, Nogami M, Obara M, Van Cauteren M, Kauczor HU, Sugimura K. Influence of inversion pulse type in assessing lung-oxygen-enhancement by centrically-reordered non-slice-selective inversion-recovery half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) sequence. J Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 26:1133-8. [PMID: 17896357 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the influence of inversion pulse type and inversion time for assessment of oxygen-enhancement on centrically-reordered non-slice-selective inversion-recovery (IR) half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) sequence. MATERIAL AND METHODS Phantoms with and without 100% oxygen and three healthy volunteers were studied with two-dimensional (2D) centrically-reordered non-slice selective IR-HASTE sequence with either composite or block inversion-recovery pulse at increasing inversion times from 200 to 1800 msec. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of phantom, real signal differences, and relative enhancement ratios of lung parenchyma between oxygen-enhanced and non-oxygen-enhanced MR images on composite and block pulse type were statistically compared at each TI. RESULTS SNRs at TIs of 200 and 400 msec using the composite inversion pulse type were significantly lower than those with the block inversion pulse in the in vivo study (P < 0.05), although no significant differences were observed in the phantom study and in the in vivo study at inversion times greater than or equal to 600 msec. Real signal intensity (SI) differences at 400 and 600 msec of the composite inversion pulse type were significantly higher than those with the block inversion pulse type (P < 0.05). Relative enhancement ratio at 800 msec with the composite inversion pulse were significantly lower than that with the block inversion pulse (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION IR pulse type and inversion time have influence on assessment of oxygen-enhancement by centrically-reordered non-slice-selective IR-HASTE sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Puderbach
- Department of Radiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
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41
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Arnold JFT, Kotas M, Fidler F, Pracht ED, Flentje M, Jakob PM. Quantitative regional oxygen transfer imaging of the human lung. J Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 26:637-45. [PMID: 17685416 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate that the use of nonquantitative methods in oxygen-enhanced (OE) lung imaging can be problematic and to present a new approach for quantitative OE lung imaging, which fulfills the requirements for easy application in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 10 healthy volunteers and three non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were examined using a 1.5T scanner. OE imaging was performed using a snapshot fast low-angle shot (FLASH) T(1)-mapping technique (TE = 1.4 msec, TR = 3.5 msec) as well as a series of T(1)-weighted inversion recovery (IR) half- Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) (TE(effective) = 43 msec, TE(inter) = 4.2 msec, and inversion time [TI] = 1200 msec) images. Semiquantitative relative signal enhancement ratios (RER) of T(1)-weighted images before and after inhalation of oxygen-enriched gas were compared to the quantitative change in T(1). A hybrid method is proposed that combines the advantages of T(1)-weighted imaging with the quantification provided by T(1)-mapping. To this end, the IR-HASTE images were transformed into quantitative parameter maps. To prevent mismatching and incorrect parameter maps, retrospective image selection was performed using a postprocessing navigator technique. RESULTS The RER was dependent on the intrinsic values of T(1) in the lung. Quantitative parameters, such as the decrease of T(1) after switching the breathing gas, were more suited to oxygen transfer quantification than to relative signal enhancement. The mean T(1) value during inhalation of room air (T(1,room)) for the volunteers was 1260 msec. This value decreased by about 10% after switching the breathing gas to carbogen. For the patients, the mean T(1,room) value was 1182 msec, which decreased by about 7% when breathing carbogen. The parameter maps generated using the proposed hybrid method deviated, on average, only about 1% from the T(1)-maps. CONCLUSION For the purpose of intersubject comparison, OE lung imaging should be performed quantitatively. The proposed hybrid technique produced reliable quantitative results in a short amount of time and, therefore, is suited for clinical use.
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Matsumoto KI, Bernardo M, Subramanian S, Choyke P, Mitchell JB, Krishna MC, Lizak MJ. MR assessment of changes of tumor in response to hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Magn Reson Med 2006; 56:240-6. [PMID: 16795082 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of image intensity, using the T1-weighted spoiled gradient-echo (SPGR) sequence, was measured in SCC tumor implanted in the flank of C3H mice while they were subjected to several types of oxygenation challenges inside a hyperbaric chamber designed and constructed to fit in an MRI resonator. The central portions of the tumor gave a positive enhancement, while the periphery showed signal reduction during both normobaric (NBO) and hyperbaric (HBO) oxygen challenges. In the contralateral normal leg, nearly 70% of the region showed a decrease in intensity, and the rest showed a positive enhancement. The positive signal enhancement was markedly greater under HBO compared to NBO. Calculated R1, R2, and M0 maps from multivariate fitting of images acquired by a multislice multiecho (MSME) sequence with variable TR before, during, and after HBO treatment confirm that the source of SPGR signal enhancement in the tumor is associated with shortening of T1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichiro Matsumoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1002, USA
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Dietrich O, Losert C, Attenberger U, Fasol U, Peller M, Nikolaou K, Reiser MF, Schoenberg SO. Fast oxygen-enhanced multislice imaging of the lung using parallel acquisition techniques. Magn Reson Med 2005; 53:1317-25. [PMID: 15906280 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate an optimized multislice acquisition technique for oxygen-enhanced MRI of the lung using slice-selective inversion and refocusing pulses in combination with parallel imaging. An inversion recovery HASTE sequence was implemented with respiratory triggering to perform imaging in end-expiration and with ECG triggering to avoid image acquisition during the systolic phase. Inversion pulses and the readout of echo trains could be interleaved to decrease acquisition time. The sequence was evaluated in 15 healthy volunteers, comparing three acquisition schemes: (1) acquisition of four slices without parallel imaging; (2) acquisition of four slices with parallel imaging; (3) acquisition of six slices with parallel imaging. These multislice acquisitions were repeated 80 times with alternating inhalation of room air and oxygen. The oxygen-induced signal increase showed no significant difference with and without parallel imaging. However, only with parallel imaging did the interleaved acquisition of six or more slices become possible, thus enabling a more complete anatomic coverage of the lung. The average required end-expiration time per repetition to acquire six slices could be significantly reduced from 4112 ms without to 2727 ms with parallel imaging. Total acquisition time varied between 8 and 13 min depending on the respiratory frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Dietrich
- Department of Clinical Radiology-Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Naish JH, Parker GJM, Beatty PC, Jackson A, Young SS, Waterton JC, Taylor CJ. Improved quantitative dynamic regional oxygen-enhanced pulmonary imaging using image registration. Magn Reson Med 2005; 54:464-9. [PMID: 16032679 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging has been demonstrated in a number of recent studies as a potential method to visualize regional ventilation in the lung. A quantitative pixel-by-pixel analysis is hampered by motion and volume change due to breathing. In this study, image registration via active shape modeling is shown to produce significant improvements in the regional analysis of both static and dynamic oxygen-enhanced pulmonary MRI for five normal volunteers. The method enables the calculation of regional change in relaxation rate between breathing air and 100% oxygen, which is proportional to the change in regional oxygen concentration, and regional oxygen wash-in and wash-out time constants. Registration-corrected mapping of these parameters is likely to provide improved information in the regional assessment of a range of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine H Naish
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Marzola P, Lanzoni A, Nicolato E, Di Modugno V, Cristofori P, Osculati F, Sbarbati A. 1H MRI of pneumococcal pneumonia in a murine model. J Magn Reson Imaging 2005; 22:170-4. [PMID: 15971184 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.20354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect and quantify pulmonary lesions due to pneumococcal pneumonia in a murine model by (1)H MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pneumonia was induced in mice (N = 5) by intranasal administration of about 1 x 10(6) colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus pneumonie. A group of noninfected animals (N = 5) was used as a control group. MRI was performed, 48 hours after infection induction, at 4.7 T. ECG-gated gradient-echo (GRE) sequences with TE = 5 msec were used. After MRI examination, the animals were sacrificed for histological examination. RESULTS Lungs appeared at MRI as regions with signal intensity (SI) at the level of the noise. Lesions appeared as hyperintense regions over the background and were localized mainly in the apical part of the lungs, in the medial and peribronchial regions. The anatomical localization of the lesions was confirmed by histology. The total lesion volume quantified by MRI data correlated with the total lesion volume quantified by histology. CONCLUSION This work shows that standard (1)H MRI allows detection and quantification of lesions due to pneumococcal pneumonia in mice.
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Nestle N, Wunderlich A, Nüssle-Kügele K. In vivo observation of oxygen-supersaturated water in the human mouth and stomach. Magn Reson Imaging 2004; 22:551-6. [PMID: 15120175 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2004.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2003] [Accepted: 01/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a rising number of different table waters supersaturated with oxygen have hit the market with claims of both positive health effects and an increase in athletic performance. A scientific validation of these claims needs additional knowledge on the fate of the oxygen supersaturation in the human digestive tract. Taking advantage of the fact that molecular oxygen is paramagnetic, MRI can be applied to observe the behavior of oxygen-supersaturated water after oral uptake. In this contribution we report results obtained on several healthy volunteers. On the basis of these results we can conclude that oral uptake of oxygen-supersaturated drinking water with a low content in CO(2) leads to a considerable increase in the oxygenation in the lumen of the oral cavity and of the stomach. Comparing the observed contrast changes with those brought about by conventional contrast agents, even the highly oxygen-supersaturated waters still perform rather poorly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Nestle
- Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
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Han D, Lee KS, Franquet T, Müller NL, Kim TS, Kim H, Kwon OJ, Byun HS. Thrombotic and nonthrombotic pulmonary arterial embolism: spectrum of imaging findings. Radiographics 2004; 23:1521-39. [PMID: 14615562 DOI: 10.1148/rg.1103035043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Along with clinical examination and laboratory tests, imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Multi-detector row helical computed tomography (CT) is particularly helpful in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) owing to its capacity to directly show emboli as intravascular filling defects. Although parenchymal abnormalities at CT are nonspecific for acute PTE, they may contribute to a correct diagnosis of chronic PTE, the characteristic helical CT features of which are similar to its angiographic features and include webs or bands, intimal irregularities, abrupt narrowing or complete obstruction of the pulmonary arteries, and "pouching defect." Nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism is an uncommon condition but is sometimes associated with specific imaging findings, including discrete nodules with cavitation (septic embolism), widespread homogeneous and heterogeneous areas of increased opacity or attenuation that typically appear 12-24 hours after trauma (fat embolism), and fine miliary nodules that subsequently coalesce into large areas of increased opacity or attenuation (talcosis). Knowledge of appropriate imaging methods and familiarity with the specific imaging features of pulmonary embolism should facilitate prompt, effective diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehee Han
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science and the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul 135-710, Korea
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Beckmann N, Cannet C, Zurbruegg S, Rudin M, Tigani B. Proton MRI of lung parenchyma reflects allergen-induced airway remodeling and endotoxin-aroused hyporesponsiveness: A step toward ventilation studies in spontaneously breathing rats. Magn Reson Med 2004; 52:258-68. [PMID: 15282807 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Proton signals from lung parenchyma were detected with the use of a gradient-echo sequence to noninvasively obtain information on pulmonary function in models of airway diseases in rats. Initial measurements carried out in artificially ventilated control rats revealed a highly significant negative correlation between the parenchymal signal and the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in the blood, for different amounts of oxygen administered. The magnitude of the signal intensity variations caused by changes in the oxygen concentration was larger than expected solely from the paramagnetic properties of molecular oxygen. Inhomogeneous line-broadening induced by lung inflation may explain the observed signal amplification. Experiments carried out in spontaneously breathing animals challenged with allergen or endotoxin revealed parenchymal signal changes that reflected the oxygenation status of the lungs and were consistent with airway remodeling or hyporesponsiveness. The results suggest that proton MRI of parenchymal tissue is a sensitive tool for probing the functional status of the lung in rat models of respiratory diseases. The method is complementary to the recently described noninvasive assessment by MRI of pulmonary inflammation in small rodents. Overall, these techniques provide invaluable information for profiling anti-inflammatory drugs in models of airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolau Beckmann
- Discovery Technologies Center, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract
SUMMARY Oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) ventilation imaging is a new technique, and the full extent of its physiologic significance has not been elucidated. This review article includes (1) theory of oxygen enhancement; (2) respiratory physiology; (3) oxygen-enhanced MR imaging (MRI) sequence design; (4) basic study of oxygen-enhanced MRI in animal models and humans; (5) clinical study of oxygen-enhanced MRI; and (6) merits and demerits of the technique in comparison with hyperpolarized noble gas MR ventilation imaging. Oxygen-enhanced MRI provides not only ventilation-related information but also respiration-related information. Although application of oxygen-enhanced MR ventilation imaging to patients with pulmonary diseases has been limited, oxygen-enhanced MRI offers the possibility of demonstrating regional pulmonary function and substituting for nuclear medicine ventilation-perfusion study, when combined with MR perfusion imaging. We believe that further basic studies and clinical applications of this new technique will define the real significance of oxygen-enhanced MR ventilation imaging in the future of pulmonary functional imaging and its usefulness for diagnostic radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
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