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Adhikari RP, Mohamed Sheik Tharik A, Meyyanathan SN. Mini Review on Forced Degradation Studies on Anti-Epileptic Drugs and Beyond. J Chromatogr Sci 2022:6671202. [PMID: 35980304 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this review on the forced degradation studies on anti-epileptic drugs and the development of validated stability-indicating assay methods for drug substances and products at a condition more severe than accelerated condition (i.e. 40 ± 2°C, 75 ± 5% relative humidity), the drug substance and drug product undergo degradation is known as forced or stress degradation. To know about the impurities developed during the storage of drug products in various environmental conditions. The limit of degradation allowable is 5-20%. More than 20% of degradation is abnormal and must be investigated. Any regulatory guidelines do not mention the pH conditions for acid or base hydrolysis, the temperature for thermal degradation or the concentration of the oxidation agent. Only International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines Q1B photostability stability and states that light sources must be a combination of UV and visible light. The shortcomings of mentioned techniques with appreciation to regulatory necessities are highlighted. A systematic method for the forced degradation studies on anti-epileptic drugs such as "Topiramate, Vigabatrin, Lacosamide, Tiagabine, Levetiracetam and Zonisamide" is discussed. This review helps researchers to get an idea about stability-indicating methods of development and validation for newer antiepileptic drugs and the characteristics of drug products that degrade under specific degradation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Prasad Adhikari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty-643001, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Mohamed Sheik Tharik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty-643001, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S N Meyyanathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty-643001, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Elsonbaty A, Attala K. An eco-friendly modified methodology for the resolution of binary pharmaceutical mixtures based on self-deconvolution of the UV spectrophotometric spectra in the Fourier domain: Application of Fourier self-deconvolution in UV spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120262. [PMID: 34455385 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UV spectrophotometry is a rapid and robust technique in resolving several challenging pharmaceutical combinations. Several mathematical treatments are available for the resolution of complex multicomponent UV spectra as; wavelet transformation, derivatization, and deconvolution-curve fitting models. Fourier self deconvolution (FSD) is a mathematical computational methodology for resolving interfering signals in many disciplines and applications. In the current work, we describe a modified FSD based methodology in resolving different binary pharmaceutical mixtures, which overcome the complexity of applying the traditional deconvolution-curve fitting technique on UV spectroscopic spectral data. The current approach differs from the conventional FSD by using the individual spectra of each component as a probing tool to avoid artifacts or errors on the deconvoluted spectra for accuracy of determinations. The utilized approach managed to resolve the binary mixtures of telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide and ramipril/hydrochlorothiazide in their pharmaceutical dosage forms. The advantage of the current methodology over the traditional deconvolution-curve fitting is the simplicity of application, less time consuming, no need for sophisticated software, and higher sensitivity as revealed by the limit of detection (LOD). The linear ranges for telmisartan, ramipril, and hydrochlorothiazide were 1-25 µg/ml, 5-35 µg/ml, and 1-10 µg/ml, respectively, and the LOD values were in the ranges of 0.067-0.747 µg/ml. The developed FSD approach was validated as per the ICH recommendations regarding the accuracy, precision, linearity, selectivity, and limits of detection and quantitation. The recoveries obtained from the proposed approach were statistically compared with the corresponding reported methods and found no statistical difference between the obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elsonbaty
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Attala
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt.
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3
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de Diego M, Godoy R, Mennickent S, Vergara C, Miranda D, Navarro P. Stability-Indicating Liquid Chromatographic Methods with Photodiode Array Detection and Light Scattering Detection for Simultaneous Determination of Candesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 56:99-107. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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4
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Saha A, Vats P, Gurule SJ, Khuroo A. Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Ramipril in Human Plasma: Application to a Bioequivalence Study in Indian Volunteers. J Pharm Innov 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-017-9272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Mattos GJ, Scremin J, Salamanca-Neto CAR, Sartori ER. The Performance of Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode for the Determination of Ramipril and its Association with Hydrochlorothiazide. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Junquetti Mattos
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL); Centro de Ciências Exatas; Departamento de Química; Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380 Londrina - PR C.P. 10.011, 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Jessica Scremin
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL); Centro de Ciências Exatas; Departamento de Química; Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380 Londrina - PR C.P. 10.011, 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Rossi Salamanca-Neto
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL); Centro de Ciências Exatas; Departamento de Química; Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380 Londrina - PR C.P. 10.011, 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Elen Romão Sartori
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL); Centro de Ciências Exatas; Departamento de Química; Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380 Londrina - PR C.P. 10.011, 86057-970 Brazil
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Hashem H, Ibrahim AE, Elhenawee M. Simultaneous determination of the antihypertensives hydrochlorothiazide, losartan potassium, irbesartan and valsartan in bulk powders and pharmaceutical preparations by high performance liquid chromatography. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-160213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Hashem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Egyptian International Pharmaceutical Industries Co. “EIPICo”, Tenth of Ramadan City, Egypt
| | - Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Egyptian International Pharmaceutical Industries Co. “EIPICo”, Tenth of Ramadan City, Egypt
| | - Magda Elhenawee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Heo S, Yoo GJ, Choi JY, Park HJ, Park SK, Baek SY. A rapid method for the simultaneous determination of 25 anti-hypertensive compounds in dietary supplements using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1627-1636. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1235799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Heo
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Geum Joo Yoo
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Choi
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Hyoung Joon Park
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Sung-Kwan Park
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Sun Young Baek
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
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Singh MK, Pooja D, Kulhari H, Jain SK, Sistla R, Chauhan AS. Poly (amidoamine) dendrimer-mediated hybrid formulation for combination therapy of ramipril and hydrochlorothiazide. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 96:84-92. [PMID: 27614111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We present a dendrimer-based hybrid formulation strategy to explore the potential of poly (amidoamine) PAMAM dendrimers to be used as drug carriers for combination therapy of an anti-hypertensive drug ramipril (RAPL) and a diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). The drug-dendrimer complexes were prepared by phase-equilibration method. The results showed that the solubility of RAPL and HCTZ was dependent on dendrimer concentration and pH of dendrimer solution. The solubility profile of both RAPL and HCTZ dendrimer complexes illustrated a non-linear relationship with dendrimer concentration. At 0.8% (w/v) dendrimer concentration, solubility of RAPL was increased 4.91 folds with amine-terminated while for HCTZ, solubility enhancement was highest (3.72 folds) with carboxy-terminated. The complexes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and high performance liquid chromatography. In-vitro drug dissolution performance of pure drugs, individual drug loaded dendrimer formulations and hybrid formulations was studied in USP dissolution medium (pH7.0) and in simulated gastric fluid (pH1.2). Dendrimer mediated formulations showed faster and complete dissolution compared to pure RAPL or HCTZ. Surprisingly, similar pattern of dissolution profile was established with hybrid formulations as compared to individual drug loaded dendrimers. The dendrimer-based hybrid formulations were found to be stable at dark and refrigerated conditions up to 5weeks. Conclusively, the proposed formulation strategy establishes a novel multitasking platform using dendrimer for simultaneous loading and delivery of multiple drugs for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Kumar Singh
- Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh 284 128, India; Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Deep Pooja
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Hitesh Kulhari
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; IICT-RMIT Joint Research Centre, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Jain
- Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh 284 128, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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de Diego M, Godoy R, Mennickent S, Vergara C, Charnock H, Hernández C. Comparison of Stability-Indicating LC Methods Using Light Scattering and Photodiode Array Detection with Monolithic Column for Determination of Quinapril and Hydrochlorothiazide. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1346-51. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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10
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Ali TA, Mohamed GG, Aglan AA, Heakal FET. RP-HPLC Stability-indicating Method for Estimation of Irbesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Mohamed AMI, Omar MA, Hammad MA, Mohamed AA. Development and validation of TLC-densitometric method for simultaneous determination of two binary antihypertensive mixtures containing felodipine in fixed dose combinations. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:200-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Maaboud I. Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Omar
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Minia University; Minia Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Hammad
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Minia University; Minia Egypt
| | - Abobakr A. Mohamed
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Minia University; Minia Egypt
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12
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Elkarbane M, Amood Al-Kamarany M, Bouchafra H, Azougagh M, Cherrah Y, Hubert P, Heyden Y, Bouklouze A. Total error-based validation including the experimental design-based robustness evaluation of a stability-indicating method for the simultaneous quantification of hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan in tablet formulations. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.27.2015.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Wu YT, Cham TM, Tsai TR. Development of HPLC with Photo-diode Array Method for the Determination of Ramipril in Tablets Using Factorial Design. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201400130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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A validated stability-indicating LC method for simultaneous determination of quinapril and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical samples. OPEN CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-013-0396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA stability-indicating liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of quinapril and hydrochlorothiazide in drug substances and dosage forms. Chromatographic separation of quinapril, hydrochlorothiazide and its degradation products was achieved on a RP-18 column, using acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 4.6) as mobile phase in a gradient mode and detection at 216 nm. Stress testing was performed under hydrolytic, oxidative, thermal and photolytic conditions. The degradation products were well resolved from main peaks, proving the stability-indicating power of the method. The assay was linear for quinapril and hydrochlorothiazide concentrations of 40–200 µg mL−1 and 25–125 µg mL−1, respectively. The developed method was selective, accurate and precise for quinapril and hydrochlorothiazide determination. This method was used to quantify both drugs in combined commercial tablets. The results showed that the proposed method was found to be suitable for quantitative determination and the stability study of quinapril and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical samples.
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15
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Development and validation of an rp-hplc method for simultaneous determination of Ramipril and Amlodipine in tablets. J Pharm Anal 2013; 3:440-446. [PMID: 29403852 PMCID: PMC5761019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An rp-hplc method for the simultaneous determination of Ramipril (RP) and Amlodipine (AL) in tablets was developed and validated by Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010. The linearity of the proposed method was investigated in the range of 0.01–0.25 mg/mL (r2=0.9998) for RP and 0.014–0.36 mg/mL (r2=0.9997) for AL. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.06 μg/mL and 0.02 μg/mL for RP and AL, and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.2 μg/mL and 0.07 μg/mL, respectively. Some major impurities and degradation products did not disturb the detection of RP and AL and the assay can thus be considered stability-indicating.
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16
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de Diego M, Soto J, Mennickent S. Stability-Indicating LC Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Lisinopril and Hydrochlorothiazide. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:1193-7. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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17
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Kollipara S, Bende G, Bansal Y, Saha R. Stability-indicating Reversed-phase Liquid Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Determination of Losartan Potassium and Ramipril in Tablets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 74:201-10. [PMID: 23440900 PMCID: PMC3574529 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.106061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A stability-indicating reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of losartan potassium and ramipril. Separations were achieved using a C(18) column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and (0.2% v/v, pH 2.5) aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (45:55, v/v) in isocratic mode at 1 ml/min flow rate. Column effluent was monitored at 210 nm using a UV detector. The method was validated for selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity and robustness. Novel microwave-assisted forced degradation technique was employed for evaluation of selectivity. The method demonstrated excellent linearity for losartan potassium and ramipril with regression coefficients of 0.9999 and 0.9998, respectively. The linearity range was found to be 62.5-5000 ng/ml and 125-10,000 ng/ml with the mean percentage recoveries of 100.36% (±2.27) and 100.16% (±3.33) for losartan potassium and ramipril, respectively. In a robustness study, a full factorial design revealed that the analytical response remains unaffected by small variations in the critical chromatographic factors. The method was found to be sensitive with quantification limits of 44.30 and 79.93 ng/ml for losartan potassium and ramipril. The method was successfully employed for the determination of losartan potassium and ramipril in commercially available and in-house prepared tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kollipara
- Formulation Development and Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-333 031, India
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Advances in simultaneous DSC-FTIR microspectroscopy for rapid solid-state chemical stability studies: some dipeptide drugs as examples. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:461-78. [PMID: 22300653 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The solid-state chemistry of drugs has seen growing importance in the pharmaceutical industry for the development of useful API (active pharmaceutical ingredients) of drugs and stable dosage forms. The stability of drugs in various solid dosage forms is an important issue because solid dosage forms are the most common pharmaceutical formulation in clinical use. In solid-state stability studies of drugs, an ideal accelerated method must not only be selected by different complicated methods, but must also detect the formation of degraded product. In this review article, an analytical technique combining differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier-transform infrared (DSC-FTIR) microspectroscopy simulates the accelerated stability test, and simultaneously detects the decomposed products in real time. The pharmaceutical dipeptides aspartame hemihydrate, lisinopril dihydrate, and enalapril maleate either with or without Eudragit E were used as testing examples. This one-step simultaneous DSC-FTIR technique for real-time detection of diketopiperazine (DKP) directly evidenced the dehydration process and DKP formation as an impurity common in pharmaceutical dipeptides. DKP formation in various dipeptides determined by different analytical methods had been collected and compiled. Although many analytical methods have been applied, the combined DSC-FTIR technique is an easy and fast analytical method which not only can simulate the accelerated drug stability testing but also at the same time enable to explore phase transformation as well as degradation due to thermal-related reactions. This technique offers quick and proper interpretations.
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Shetty SK, Borkar RM, Devrukhakar PS, Surendranath KV, Radhakrishnanand P, Satish J, Shastri N, Jogul J, Tripathi UM. RP-HPLC SEPARATION METHOD FOR INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS OF POLYCAP IN PRESENCE OF THEIR DEGRADATION/INTERACTION PRODUCTS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.606585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Kumar Shetty
- a United States Pharmacopeia-India Private Limited, Research and Development Laboratory , Hyderabad , India
- e Department of Chemistry , Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University , Hyderabad , India
| | - Roshan M. Borkar
- b National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , India
| | | | - K. V. Surendranath
- a United States Pharmacopeia-India Private Limited, Research and Development Laboratory , Hyderabad , India
| | - P. Radhakrishnanand
- a United States Pharmacopeia-India Private Limited, Research and Development Laboratory , Hyderabad , India
| | - J. Satish
- a United States Pharmacopeia-India Private Limited, Research and Development Laboratory , Hyderabad , India
| | - Nalini Shastri
- b National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , India
| | - Johnson Jogul
- c Department of Chemistry , St. Kittel Science College , Dharwad , Karnataka , India
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Youssef AO. Spectrofluorimetric Assessment of Hydrochlorothiazide Using Optical Sensor Nano-Composite Terbium Ion Doped in Sol-Gel Matrix. J Fluoresc 2011; 22:827-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-1017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Simultaneous estimation of ramipril, acetylsalicylic acid and atorvastatin calcium by chemometrics assisted UV-spectrophotometric method in capsules. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2011; 61:283-96. [PMID: 21945907 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-011-0027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, three different spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of ramipril, aspirin and atorvastatin calcium in raw materials and in formulations are described. Overlapped data was quantitatively resolved by using chemometric methods, viz. inverse least squares (ILS), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS). Calibrations were constructed using the absorption data matrix corresponding to the concentration data matrix. The linearity range was found to be 1-5, 10-50 and 2-10 μg mL-1 for ramipril, aspirin and atorvastatin calcium, respectively. The absorbance matrix was obtained by measuring the zero-order absorbance in the wavelength range between 210 and 320 nm. A training set design of the concentration data corresponding to the ramipril, aspirin and atorvastatin calcium mixtures was organized statistically to maximize the information content from the spectra and to minimize the error of multivariate calibrations. By applying the respective algorithms for PLS 1, PCR and ILS to the measured spectra of the calibration set, a suitable model was obtained. This model was selected on the basis of RMSECV and RMSEP values. The same was applied to the prediction set and capsule formulation. Mean recoveries of the commercial formulation set together with the figures of merit (calibration sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification and analytical sensitivity) were estimated. Validity of the proposed approaches was successfully assessed for analyses of drugs in the various prepared physical mixtures and formulations.
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Kurade VP, Pai MG, Gude R. RP-HPLC Estimation of Ramipril and Telmisartan in Tablets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 71:148-51. [PMID: 20336215 PMCID: PMC2839403 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.54283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2008] [Revised: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the estimation of ramipril and telmisartan simultaneously in combined dosage form. A Genesis C18 column having dimensions of 4.6x250 mm and particle size of 5 mum in isocratic mode, with mobile phase containing a mixture of 0.01 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (adjusted to pH 3.4 using orthophosphoric acid): methanol:acetonitrile (15:15:70 v/v/v) was used. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and the eluents were monitored at 210 nm. The selected chromatographic conditions were found to effectively separate ramipril (R(t): 3.68 min) and telmisartan (R(t): 4.98 min) having a resolution of 3.84. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. Linearity for ramipril and telmisartan were found in the range of 3.5-6.5 mug/ml and 28.0-52.0 mug/ml, respectively. The percentage recoveries for ramipril and telmisartan ranged from 99.09-101.64% and 99.45-100.99%, respectively. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation for ramipril was found to be 0.5 mug/ml and 1.5 mug/ml respectively and for telmisartan was found to be 1.5 mug/ml and 3.0 mug/ml, respectively. The method was found to be robust and can be successfully used to determine the drug content of marketed formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Kurade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji-403 001, India
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Orlandini S, Gotti R, Giannini I, Pasquini B, Furlanetto S. Development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the assay of ramipril and its impurities: an issue of cis-trans isomerization. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2611-7. [PMID: 21429497 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of a rapid and selective capillary electrophoresis method for the quantitation of ramipril and its eight main impurities in pharmaceutical dosage form is described. Ramipril and three of its impurities contain a proline-similar moiety which causes in solution the presence of interconverting cis-trans isomers with respect to the amide bond. The interplay between electrophoretic migration and isomerization may yield the presence of an undesired interconversion zone between the two isomer peaks in the electropherogram, depending on the experimental conditions. Different capillary electrophoresis operative modes and pseudostationary phases were evaluated, both in normal and reverse polarity, in order to find the essential analytical parameters which could make it possible to overcome this issue and thus accurately quantify the analytes. The best results were obtained by using microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography in reverse polarity, where all the compounds which undergo cis-trans interconversion migrate as a single narrow peak. Experimental design led to identification of the following optimised conditions: background electrolyte, microemulsion made by 88.95% of 90 mM phosphate pH 2.5, 1.05% of n-heptane and 10.00% of SDS/n-butanol in 1:2 ratio; voltage, -26 kV; temperature, 17°C. Applying these conditions, the baseline separation of the analytes was obtained in about 10 min. Validation of the method following ICH guidelines was carried out and the procedure was applied to a real sample of ramipril tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Orlandini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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24
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Damle MC, Topagi KS, Bothara KG. Development and validation of a stability-indicating HPTLC method for analysis of nebivolol hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide in the bulk material and in pharmaceutical dosage forms. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.22.2010.3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Pudage A, Kamat S. Development and validation of UPLC tandem mass spectrometry assay for separation of a phase II metabolite of ramipril using actual study samples and its application to a bioequivalence study. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:664-73. [PMID: 20812207 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a validated UPLC-MS/MS assay for determination of ramipril and ramiprilat from human plasma samples. The assay is capable of isolating phase II metabolites (acylglucornides) of ramipril from in vivo study samples which is otherwise not possible using conventional HPLC conditions. Both analytes were extracted from human plasma using solid-phase extraction technique. Chromatographic separation of analytes and their respective internal standards was carried out using an Acquity UPLC BEH C(18) (2.1 × 100 mm), 1.7 µm column followed by mass spectrometric detection using an Waters Quattro Premier XE. The method was validated over the range 0.35-70.0 ng/mL for ramipril and 1.0-40.0 ng/mL for ramiprilat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Pudage
- Department of Chemistry, Ramnarain Ruia College, Mumbai University, Matunga, India.
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26
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Shafiq S, Shakeel F, Talegaonkar S, Khar RK, Ali M. Nanoemulsion as Carrier for Stability Enhancement of Ramipril. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690903224144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of losartan potassium, amlodipine besilate and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceuticals by chemometric methods. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA 2010; 60:141-52. [PMID: 21134851 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-010-0017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, four different spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of losartan potassium, amlodipine besilate and hydrochlorothiazide in raw materials and in formulations are described. Overlapped data was quantitatively resolved by using chemometric methods, classical least squares (CLS), multiple linear regression (MLR), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS). Calibrations were constructed using the absorption data matrix corresponding to the concentration data matrix, with measurements in the range of 230.5-350.4 nm (Δλ = 0.1 nm) in their zero order spectra. The linearity range was found to be 8-40, 1-5 and 3-15 μg mL-1 for losartan potassium, amlodipine besilate and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. The validity of the proposed methods was successfully assessed for analyses of drugs in the various prepared physical mixtures and in tablet formulations.
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28
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Preparation, characterization, and analytical application of ramipril membrane-based ion-selective electrode. Int J Anal Chem 2010; 2009:954083. [PMID: 20140081 PMCID: PMC2814142 DOI: 10.1155/2009/954083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2008] [Revised: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The fabrication and electrochemical evaluation of two PVC membrane-based Ion-Selective electrodes responsive for ramipril drug have been proposed. The sensitive membranes were prepared using ramipril-phosphomolibdate and ramipril-tetraphenylborate ion-pair complexes as electroactive sensing materials in plasticized PVC support. The electrodes based on these materials provide near-Nernestian response (sensitivity of 53 ± 0.5–54 ± 0.5 mV/concentration decade) covering the concentration range of 1.0 × 10−2–1.0 × 10−5 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 3.0 × 10−6–4.0 × 10−6 mol L−1. The suggested electrodes have been successfully used in the determination of ramipril drug in some pharmaceutical formulations using direct potentiometry with average recovery of >96% and mean standard deviation of <3% (n = 5).
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29
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Attia M. Spectrofluorimetric assessment of Ramipril using optical sensor Samarium ion–doxycycline complex doped in sol–gel matrix. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 51:7-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 08/15/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Kadukar S, Gandhi S, Ranjane P, Ranher S. HPTLC analysis of olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide in combination tablet dosage forms. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.22.2009.6.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Rote AR, Bari PD. Ratio spectra derivative and zero-crossing difference spectrophotometric determination of olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide in combined pharmaceutical dosage form. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:1200-5. [PMID: 19862625 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two simple, economical, rapid, precise, and accurate methods for simultaneous determination of olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide in combined tablet dosage form have been developed. The first method is based on ratio spectra derivative spectrophotometry, and the second method is zero-crossing difference spectrophotometry. The amplitudes in the first derivative of the corresponding ratio spectra at 231.0 and 271.0 nm were selected to determine olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. Measurements of absorbance were carried out at zero-crossing wavelengths 257.8 and 240.2 nm for olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide by zero-crossing difference spectrophotometric method. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 08-24 microg/mL for olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) and 05-15 microg/mL for hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) by ratio spectra derivative and 05-30 microg/mL for OLM and HCT by zero-crossing difference spectrophotometric method. The results of the assay were found to be 100.46+/-0.95 for OLM and 100.4+/-0.27 for HCT by ratio spectra derivative and 99.06+/-1.14 for OLM and 100.05+/-0.90 for HCT by zero-crossing difference spectrophotometric method. These methods passes F test and t test. Both methods were validated statistically and by performing recovery study.
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32
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Panchal H, Suhagia B, Patel N. Simultaneous HPTLC analysis of atorvastatin calcium, ramipril, and aspirin in a capsule dosage form. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.22.2009.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Shafiq S, Shakeel F, Khar RK. Enhanced stability of ramipril in nanoemulsion containing cremophor-EL: a technical note. AAPS PharmSciTech 2008; 9:1097-101. [PMID: 18958628 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-008-9151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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34
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Panchal HJ, Suhagia BN, Patel NJ, Rathod IS, Patel BH. Simultaneous Estimation of Atorvastatin Calcium, Ramipril and Aspirin in Capsule Dosage Form by RP-LC. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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35
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Yuan B, Wang X, Zhang F, Jia J, Tang F. Simultaneous Determination of Ramipril and Its Active Metabolite Ramiprilat in Human Plasma by LC–MS–MS. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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36
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Patil KR, Rane VP, Sangshetti JN, Shinde DB. A Stability-Indicating LC Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Telmisartan and Ramipril in Dosage Form. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0550-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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37
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Dongre VG, Shah SB, Karmuse PP, Phadke M, Jadhav VK. Simultaneous determination of metoprolol succinate and amlodipine besylate in pharmaceutical dosage form by HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:583-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2007] [Revised: 10/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Shafiq-un-Nabi S, Shakeel F, Talegaonkar S, Ali J, Baboota S, Ahuja A, Khar RK, Ali M. Formulation development and optimization using nanoemulsion technique: a technical note. AAPS PharmSciTech 2007; 8:Article 28. [PMID: 17622106 PMCID: PMC2750368 DOI: 10.1208/pt0802028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Shafiq-un-Nabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India.
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39
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Erk N. Simultaneous Analysis of Candesartan Cilexetil and Hydrochlorothiazide in Human Plasma and Dosage Forms Using HPLC with a Photodiode Array Detector. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120023802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Erk
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , 06100 , Turkey
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40
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Rontogianni MA, Markopoulou CK, Koundourellis JE. HPLC and Chemometrically‐Assisted Spectrophotometric Estimation of Two Binary Mixtures for Combined Hypertension Therapy. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600923241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Rontogianni
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy , Aristotelian University , Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Catherine K. Markopoulou
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy , Aristotelian University , Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - John E. Koundourellis
- a Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy , Aristotelian University , Thessaloniki, Greece
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41
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Bhushan R, Gupta D, Singh SK. Liquid chromatographic separation and UV determination of certain antihypertensive agents. Biomed Chromatogr 2006; 20:217-24. [PMID: 16161185 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Three antihypertensive agents were extracted and isolated from commercial formulations. These were purified and characterized by melting point, lambdamax and IR. The percentage recovery by extraction process was in the range 81-91%. Active ingredients from binary formulations were separated by RP-HPLC using methanol-water (50:50 v/v) and by TLC using CHCl3-CH3OH (6:1) as mobile phase. Detection was by UV at 210 nm in HPLC, and by iodine vapors in TLC. The solvent conditions from TLC were transferred to open column chromatographic separation. Quantitative determination was carried out using TLC and column chromatography supplemented with UV spectrophotometry. Recovery was in the range 82-93%. Two combination of drugs, viz. amlodipine+ramipril and amlodipine+enalapril, were separated by the three modes of liquid chromatography. The percentage recovery was in the range 80-92% by open column.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India.
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42
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Bebawy LI, Abbas SS, Fattah LA, Refaat HH. Application of first-derivative, ratio derivative spectrophotometry, TLC-densitometry and spectrofluorimetry for the simultaneous determination of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical dosage forms and plasma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 60:859-67. [PMID: 16129437 DOI: 10.1016/j.farmac.2005.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2004] [Revised: 04/05/2005] [Accepted: 06/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Four sensitive methods are described for the direct determination of telmisartan (TELM) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in combined dosage forms without prior separation. The first method is a first derivative spectophotometry (1D) using a zero- crossing technique of measurement at 241.6 and 227.6 nm for TELM and HCT, respectively. The second method is the first derivative of ratio spectrophotometry (1DD) where the amplitudes were measured at 242.7 nm for TELM and 274.9 nm for HCT. The third method is based on TLC separation of the two drugs followed by the densitometric measurements of their spots at 295 and 225 nm for TELM and HCT, respectively. The separation was carried out on silica gel 60 F254 using butanol: ammonia 25% (8:2 v/v) as mobile phase. The fourth method is spectrofluorimetric determination of TELM, depending on measuring the native fluorescence of the drug in 1 M sodium hydroxide at lambda excitation 230 nm and emission at 365 nm. The proposed methods were applied successfully for the determination of the two drugs in bulk powder and in pharmaceutical formulations. The spectrofluorimetric method was utilized for the analysis of TELM in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lories I Bebawy
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, 6 Hussein Kamal-El-Deen, Ben-El-Saraiat, Dokki, Gizza 12311, Egypt
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43
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Lu XY, Shen-Tu JZ, Liu J. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of ramipril and its active metabolite ramiprilat in human serum: application to a pharmacokinetic study in the Chinese volunteers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 40:478-83. [PMID: 16181761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2005] [Revised: 07/26/2005] [Accepted: 07/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a rapid, specific and sensitive LC-MS/MS assay for the determination of ramipril and ramiprilat in human serum using enalapril as an internal standard (IS). A Waters Atlantis C18 column (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 3 microm) and a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid-methanol (25:75, v/v) were used for separation. The analysis was performed by the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) method, and the peak areas of the m/z 417.3-->234.3 and m/z 389.3-->206.2 transition for ramipril and ramiprilat, respectively, were measured versus that of the m/z 377.3-->234.2 for IS to generate the standard curves. The assay linearities of ramipril and ramiprilat were confirmed over the range 0.10-100 ngml(-1) and 0.25-100 ngml(-1), respectively, and limits of quantitation for them were 0.10 and 0.25 ngml(-1), respectively. The linear ranges correspond well with the serum concentrations of the analytes obtained in clinical pharmacokinetic studies. Intraday and interday relative standard deviations of ramipril and ramiprilat were 2.8-6.4% and 4.3-4.6%, 4.4-6.7% and 3.5-4.7%, respectively. The recoveries of ramipril and ramiprilat from serum were in the range of 81.0-98.2%. The developed LC-MS procedures were applied for the determination of the pharmacokinetic parameters of ramipril and ramiprilat following a single oral administration of 10mg ramipril tablets in 18 Chinese healthy male volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, PR China.
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44
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Vetuschi C, Giannandrea A, Carlucci G, Mazzeo P. Determination of hydrochlorothiazide and irbesartan in pharmaceuticals by fourth-order UV derivative spectrophotometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 60:665-70. [PMID: 15963513 DOI: 10.1016/j.farmac.2005.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2004] [Revised: 04/23/2005] [Accepted: 04/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The fourth-order derivative spectrum from the alcoholic sample is used. HCT can be determined by a specific peak-trough, of low intensity, at 330-340 nm. For IST evaluation, a peak-trough around 250-310 nm is available, common to both products, whose amplitude increases linearly only for low concentration values, while it decreases at higher values. The most difficult aspect of the analysis lies in how to find the optimal concentration range, so that both signals can be evaluated simultaneously. The best results were achieved by using a linear regression for HCT and a regression plane for IST.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vetuschi
- Farmaco Chimico Department, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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45
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Yun JH, Myung JH, Kim HJ, Lee S, Park JS, Kim W, Lee EH, Moon CJ, Hwang SJ. LC-MS determination and bioavailability study of imidapril hydrochloride after the oral administration of imidapril tablets in human volunteers. Arch Pharm Res 2005; 28:463-8. [PMID: 15918521 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to develop a standard protocol for imidapril hydrochloride bioequivalence testing. For this reason, a specific LC-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of imidapril in human plasma. A solid-phase extraction cartridge, Sep-pak C18, was used to extract imidapril and ramipril (an internal standard) from deproteinized plasma. The compounds were separated using a XTerra MS C18 column (3.5 microm, 2.1 x 150 mm) and acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (67:33, v/v) adjusted to pH 2.4 by 2 mmol/L ammonium formic acid, as mobile phase at 0.3 mL/min. Imidapril was detected as m/z 406 at a retention time of ca. 2.3 min, and ramipril as m/z 417 at ca. 3.6 min. The described method showed acceptable specificity, linearity from 0.5 to 100 ng/mL, precision (expressed as a relative standard deviation of less than 15%), accuracy, and stability. The plasma concentration-versus-time curves of eight healthy male volunteers administered a single dose of imidapril (10 mg), gave an AUC12hr of imidapril of 121.48 +/- 35.81 ng mL(-1) h, and Cmax and Tmax values of 32.59 +/- 9.76 ng/mL and 1.75 +/- 0.27 h. The developed method should be useful for the determination of imidapril in plasma with sufficient sensitivity and specificity in bioequivalence study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Yun
- NRL of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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46
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Nageswara Rao R, Nagaraju V. An overview of the recent trends in development of HPLC methods for determination of impurities in drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2003; 33:335-77. [PMID: 14550856 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(03)00293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An extensive survey of the literature published in various analytical and pharmaceutical chemistry related journals has been conducted and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods which were developed and used for determination of process-related impurities in drugs have been reviewed. This review covers the time period from 1995 to 2001 during which around 450 analytical methods including all types of chromatographic and hyphenated techniques were reported. HPLC with UV detection was found to be the technique of choice for many workers and more than 200 methods were developed using LC-UV alone. A critical analysis of the reported data has been carried out and the present state-of-art of HPLC for determination of impurities of analgesic, antibiotic, anti-viral, anti-hypertensive, anti-depressant, gastro-intestinal and anti-neoplastic agents has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nageswara Rao
- HPLC Group, Analytical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gilpin
- Brehm Research Laboratories, College of Science and Mathematics, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
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48
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Prieto JA, Jiménez RM, Alonso RM. Square wave voltammetric determination of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors cilazapril, quinapril and ramipril in pharmaceutical formulations. FARMACO (SOCIETA CHIMICA ITALIANA : 1989) 2003; 58:343-50. [PMID: 12729827 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(03)00043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors cilazapril, quinapril and ramipril are reduced at a hanging mercury drop electrode in the pH range 3.5-13 using Britton-Robinson buffers as supporting electrolyte and KCl as ionic medium. Square wave voltammetry has proved to be the most suitable electroanalytical technique for the quantitative voltammetric determination of these antihypertensive drugs. Optimisation of the chemical and instrumental variables was carried out. Analyses were performed in 0.02 M borate buffer at pH 9.5 and 0.5 M KCl as ionic medium, using a pulse amplitude of 50 mV and a frequency of 150 Hz. A linear relationship between peak current and concentration was found in the interval 0.5-8 microg/ml for cilazapril and up to 6 microg/ml for quinapril and ramipril, allowing the direct determination of their pharmaceutical formulations alone or mixed with hydrochlorothiazide. Good accuracy and repeatativity were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Angel Prieto
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del País Vasco/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
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49
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Erk N. Simultaneous determination of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in human plasma by liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 784:195-201. [PMID: 12504198 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A simple, selective, sensitive and precise high-performance liquid chromatographic plasma assay for the antihypertensive drugs, irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide is described. Good chromatographic separation was achieved using a Supelcocil C(18) (5 micrometer 15 cmx4.6 mm) column and a mobile phase consisting of 10 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate:methanol:acetonitrile (5:80:15 v/v/v) (pH:2.5) while at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml min(-1). Irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide were detected at 275 nm and were eluted 5.8 and 7.8 min, respectively, after injection. No endogenous substances were found to interfere. The method utilizes protein precipitation with acetonitrile as the only sample preparation involved prior to reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. No internal standard was required. Linearity range for irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide was 10.0-60.0 microgram ml(-1) and 4.0-20.0 microgram ml(-1), respectively. The determination of intra- and inter-day precision (RSD) was less than 2.5 and 3.5%, at all concentration levels, while the inter- and intra-day accuracy (% difference) was less than 4.9-6.2%. This method is being used in a therapeutic drug monitoring service to quantitate these therapeutic agents in patients for pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Erk
- University of Ankara, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
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Zhu Z, Vachareau A, Neirinck L. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determination of ramipril and its active metabolite ramiprilat in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002; 779:297-306. [PMID: 12361743 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00398-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A fast and robust liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method has been developed for simultaneous quantitation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, ramipril and its metabolite ramiprilat in human plasma. The method involves a solid-phase extraction from plasma, simple isocratic chromatography conditions and mass spectrometric detection that enables a detection limit at sub-nanogram levels. The proposed method has been validated with a linear range of 0.5-250 ng/ml for both ramipril and ramiprilat. The overall recoveries for ramipril and ramiprilat were 88.7 and 101.8%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimeng Zhu
- Pharmascience, 6111 Royalmount Ave, Suite 100, Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2T4, Canada.
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