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Comparative Study of Various Procedures for Extracting Doxorubicin from Animal Tissue Samples. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a comparative study of selected deproteinization-, liquid–liquid-extraction- (LLE), and solid-phase-extraction (SPE)-based procedures for the isolation of doxorubicin (DOX) and daunorubicin (DAU) as an internal standard (IS) from rat tissue samples. During the experiments, all samples were analyzed via liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (LC-FL), with analytes being monitored at excitation and emission wavelengths of 487 and 555 nm, respectively. The absolute recoveries of the sample-preparation procedure were then calculated and compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach were considered in depth. Ultimately, SPE with hydrophilic–lipophilic balanced (HLB) sorbents was selected as the most effective extraction procedure as it enabled the absolute recovery of DOX from tissue samples at a level of 91.6 ± 5.1%. Next, the selected HLB-SPE protocol was coupled with LC-FL separation and the resultant method was validated according to FDA and ICH requirements. The validation data confirmed that the developed procedure met all required criteria for bioanalytical methods, with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.005 µg/g and 0.01 µg/g, respectively. Finally, the developed protocol was successfully tested on various rat tissues enriched with DOX, confirming its potential as an interesting alternative to previously reported protocols for pharmacokinetic studies and clinical investigations aimed at analysis of the level and biodistribution of DOX in tissue samples after systemic administration of this drug.
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Application of Optical Methods for Determination of Concentration of Doxorubicin in Blood and Plasma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020112. [PMID: 35215225 PMCID: PMC8880482 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of presented research is to develop a simple and quick method of spectrophotometric detection for the determination of doxorubicin hydrochloride in blood and plasma. Anthracycline antibiotics are among the most effective antineoplastic agents. However, despite their high efficacy in the treatment of various types of cancer, their administration is limited primarily because they exhibit myocardial toxicity. This may be a limiting factor in the dosage of medications; nevertheless, drugs exhibiting this mechanism of action constitute a very important group of chemotherapeutics. One of the more widely studied antibiotics from the anthracycline group is doxorubicin. It exhibits the highest antineoplastic activity from among a number of derivative compounds. Because of the adverse effects of doxorubicin, especially cardiotoxicity, it is important to maintain control of its concentration in body fluids. The method in the study consists of extraction doxorubicin from the plasma or blood and measurements of the absorbance of light in the visible light range in a DOX solution with respect to a reference sample. The research used blood and plasma samples spiked with doxorubicin to give concentrations in the range of 0.2–10 µg/mL. Obtained LODs were 1.6 µg/mL and 1.2 µg/mL, respectively.
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Bojko B, Looby N, Olkowicz M, Roszkowska A, Kupcewicz B, Reck Dos Santos P, Ramadan K, Keshavjee S, Waddell TK, Gómez-Ríos G, Tascon M, Goryński K, Cypel M, Pawliszyn J. Solid phase microextraction chemical biopsy tool for monitoring of doxorubicin residue during in vivo lung chemo-perfusion. J Pharm Anal 2020; 11:37-47. [PMID: 33717610 PMCID: PMC7930785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of a novel in vivo lung perfusion (IVLP) procedure allows localized delivery of high-dose doxorubicin (DOX) for targeting residual micrometastatic disease in the lungs. However, DOX delivery via IVLP requires careful monitoring of drug level to ensure tissue concentrations of this agent remain in the therapeutic window. A small dimension nitinol wire coated with a sorbent of biocompatible morphology (Bio-SPME) has been clinically evaluated for in vivo lung tissue extraction and determination of DOX and its key metabolites. The in vivo Bio-SPME-IVLP experiments were performed on pig model over various (150 and 225 mg/m2) drug doses, and during human clinical trial. Two patients with metastatic osteosarcoma were treated with a single 5 and 7 μg/mL (respectively) dose of DOX during a 3-h IVLP. In both pig and human cases, DOX tissue levels presented similar trends during IVLP. Human lung tissue concentrations of drug ranged between 15 and 293 μg/g over the course of the IVLP procedure. In addition to DOX levels, Bio-SPME followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis generated 64 metabolic features during endogenous metabolite screening, providing information about lung status during drug administration. Real-time monitoring of DOX levels in the lungs can be performed effectively throughout the IVLP procedure by in vivo Bio-SPME chemical biopsy approach. Bio-SPME also extracted various endogenous molecules, thus providing a real-time snapshot of the physiology of the cells, which might assist in the tailoring of personalized treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bojko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Nikita Looby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada
| | - Mariola Olkowicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada.,Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Roszkowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Kupcewicz
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Khaled Ramadan
- University Health Network - TGH, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- University Health Network - TGH, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | | | - German Gómez-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada
| | - Marcos Tascon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada
| | - Krzysztof Goryński
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- University Health Network - TGH, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON M1B 6G3, Canada
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A review on various analytical methods for determination of anthracyclines and their metabolites as anti–cancer chemotherapy drugs in different matrices over the last four decades. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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5
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Roszkowska A, Tascon M, Bojko B, Goryński K, Dos Santos PR, Cypel M, Pawliszyn J. Equilibrium ex vivo calibration of homogenized tissue for in vivo SPME quantitation of doxorubicin in lung tissue. Talanta 2018; 183:304-310. [PMID: 29567180 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The fast and sensitive determination of concentrations of anticancer drugs in specific organs can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and minimize its adverse effects. In this paper, ex vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to LC-MS/MS as a method for rapidly quantitating doxorubicin (DOX) in lung tissue was optimized. Furthermore, the theoretical and practical challenges related to the real-time monitoring of DOX levels in the lung tissue of a living organism (in vivo SPME) are presented. In addition, several parameters for ex vivo/in vivo SPME studies, such as extraction efficiency of autoclaved fibers, intact/homogenized tissue differences, critical tissue amount, and the absence of an internal standard are thoroughly examined. To both accurately quantify DOX in solid tissue and minimize the error related to the lack of an internal standard, a calibration method at equilibrium conditions was chosen. In optimized ex vivo SPME conditions, the targeted compound was extracted by directly introducing a 15 mm (45 µm thickness) mixed-mode fiber into 15 g of homogenized tissue for 20 min, followed by a desorption step in an optimal solvent mixture. The detection limit for DOX was 2.5 µg g-1 of tissue. The optimized ex vivo SPME method was successfully applied for the analysis of DOX in real pig lung biopsies, providing an averaged accuracy and precision of 103.2% and 12.3%, respectively. Additionally, a comparison between SPME and solid-liquid extraction revealed good agreement. The results presented herein demonstrate that the developed SPME method radically simplifies the sample preparation step and eliminates the need for tissue biopsies. These results suggest that SPME can accurately quantify DOX in different tissue compartments and can be potentially useful for monitoring and adjusting drug dosages during chemotherapy in order to achieve effective and safe concentrations of doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Roszkowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Marcos Tascon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Barbara Bojko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Goryński
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Pedro Reck Dos Santos
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Abstract
Isolated lung perfusion (ILP) is a surgical technique developed to treat pulmonary metastases. During ILP, high-dose chemotherapy is delivered into the pulmonary vasculature, minimizing systemic exposure and delivering the chemotherapeutic agent directly to the lung. ILP has been studied extensively in a variety of animal models and in humans in phase I trials. The most frequently studied chemotherapeutic agents used in ILP are doxorubicin, 5-flurodeoxyuridine, tumor necrosis factor-α, paclitaxel, melphalan, gemcitabine, and cisplatin. Phase I clinical trials with ILP have shown that ILP can be safely performed in humans but with mixed clinical results and poor long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Ward
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kirill Prokrym
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Harvey Pass
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Reck dos Santos P, Sakamoto J, Chen M, Linacre V, Arce C, Liu M, Waddell TK, Keshavjee S, Cypel M. Modified In Vivo Lung Perfusion for Local Chemotherapy: A Preclinical Study With Doxorubicin. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 101:2132-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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A new kinetic–mechanistic approach to elucidate electrooxidation of doxorubicin hydrochloride in unprocessed human fluids using magnetic graphene based nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 61:638-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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KOZIOLOVA E, JANOUSKOVA O, CHYTIL P, STUDENOVSKY M, KOSTKA L, ETRYCH T. Nanotherapeutics With Anthracyclines: Methods of Determination and Quantification of Anthracyclines in Biological Samples. Physiol Res 2015; 64:S1-10. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines, e.g. doxorubicin, pirarubicin, are widely used as cytostatic agents in the polymer nanotherapeutics designed for the highly effective antitumor therapy with reduced side effects. However, their precise dosage scheme needs to be optimized, which requires an accurate method for their quantification on the cellular level in vitro during nanocarrier development and in body fluids and tissues during testing in vivo. Various methods detecting the anthracycline content in biological samples have already been designed. Most of them are highly demanding and they differ in exactness and reproducibility. The cellular uptake and localization is predominantly observed and determined by microscopy techniques, the anthracycline content is usually quantified by chromatographic analysis using fluorescence detection. We reviewed and compared published methods concerning the detection of anthracycline nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. KOZIOLOVA
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Ahmadi M, Madrakian T, Afkhami A. Solid phase extraction of doxorubicin using molecularly imprinted polymer coated magnetite nanospheres prior to its spectrofluorometric determination. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01402b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective doxorubicin-imprinted polymer coated magnetite nanospheres were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abbas Afkhami
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bu-Ali Sina University
- Hamedan
- Iran
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11
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Vajdle O, Zbiljić J, Tasić B, Jović D, Guzsvány V, Djordjevic A. Voltammetric behavior of doxorubicin at a renewable silver-amalgam film electrode and its determination in human urine. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Hasanzadeh H, Mokhtari-Dizaji M, Zahra Bathaie S, Hassan ZM, Shahbazfar AA. Dual-frequency ultrasound activation of nanomicellar doxorubicin in targeted tumor chemotherapy. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2014; 41:139-50. [PMID: 27277765 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-013-0484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the therapeutic effect of dual-frequency sonication (3 MHz and 28 kHz) at low intensity levels in combination with micellar doxorubicin in the treatment of a tumor model of spontaneous breast adenocarcinoma in Balb/c mice. METHODS We used sonication frequencies 28 kHz and 3 MHz and their dual combinations in the progressive wave mode to enhance acoustic cavitation. Then, the antitumor effect of the simultaneous dual-frequency ultrasound (28 kHz and 3 MHz) at low intensity levels in combination with doxorubicin and micellar doxorubicin injection was investigated in a spontaneous model of breast adenocarcinoma in Balb/c mice. Sixty-three tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into seven groups: control, sham, sonication with dual frequency, doxorubicin without sonication, doxorubicin with dual-frequency sonication, micellar doxorubicin without sonication, and micellar doxorubicin with dual-frequency sonication. The tumor volume change relative to the initial volume, tumor growth inhibition ratio, the required times for each tumor to reach two (T 2) and five (T 5) times its initial volume, and survival period were the tumor growth delay parameters which were calculated and recorded at various times after treatment. RESULTS The results of the combination of frequencies 28 kHz (0.04 W/cm(2)) and 3 MHz (2.00 W/cm(2)) showed remarkable enhancement of the cavitation activity compared with single-frequency sonication (P < 0.05). The micellar doxorubicin injection with sonication group showed a significant difference in the relative volume percent parameter compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, the T 2 and T 5 times in the micellar doxorubicin with sonication group were significantly higher than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Also, the survival period of the mice in the micellar doxorubicin with sonication group was significantly longer than in the other groups (P < 0.05). These findings were verified histopathologically. CONCLUSION This study shows that simultaneous combined dual-frequency ultrasound sonication in continuous mode is effective in producing cavitation activity at low intensity. We conclude that dual-frequency sonication with micellar doxorubicin injection extends survival in a murine breast adenocarcinoma model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Hasanzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Manijhe Mokhtari-Dizaji
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zuhair M Hassan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Shahbazfar
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
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Ryan GM, Kaminskas LM, Bulitta JB, McIntosh MP, Owen DJ, Porter CJ. PEGylated polylysine dendrimers increase lymphatic exposure to doxorubicin when compared to PEGylated liposomal and solution formulations of doxorubicin. J Control Release 2013; 172:128-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hasanzadeh H, Mokhtari-Dizaji M, Bathaie SZ, Hassan ZM. Effect of fractionation on treatment outcome in local dual-frequency sonication and Dox-encapsulated nanomicelles. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2013; 40:303-8. [PMID: 27277448 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-013-0438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to localize drug release from nanomicelles using dual-frequency sonication at low levels of acoustic intensity. METHODS In this study, the antitumor effect of simultaneous dual-frequency sonication (28 kHz and 3 MHz) at low levels of acoustic intensity in combination with doxorubicin and micellar doxorubicin injection was assessed in a spontaneous model of breast adenocarcinoma in female Balb/c mice. Sixty-three tumor-bearing mice were randomly grouped into control, sham, dual-frequency sonication, doxorubicin injection with and without dual-frequency sonication, and micellar doxorubicin injection with and without dual-frequency sonication groups. RESULTS The results of volume change relative to initial volume showed that in the micellar doxorubicin injection with sonication group, this parameter was significantly different from that of the control, sham, sonication, and doxorubicin injection groups (P < 0.05). In addition, the volume began to increase on the 15th day after the start of treatment, which is a good indication to repeat treatment; therefore, another group received an extra treatment on day 15. The animal life span in the micellar doxorubicin with sonication and repeated treatment groups was significantly higher than that in all the other experimental groups except for the micellar doxorubicin injection group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that dual-frequency sonication with micellar doxorubicin injection extends the life span relative to doxorubicin injection or dual-frequency sonication alone, and that repeating this treatment on day 15 decreases the rate of tumor growth significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Hasanzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Manijhe Mokhtari-Dizaji
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zuhair M Hassan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Miao J, Zhang F, Takieddin M, Mousa S, Linhardt RJ. Adsorption of doxorubicin on poly(methyl methacrylate)-chitosan-heparin-coated activated carbon beads. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4396-4403. [PMID: 22313019 PMCID: PMC3309418 DOI: 10.1021/la3000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Extracorporeal filter cartridges, filled with an activated carbon bead (ACB) adsorbent, have been used for removal of overdosed cancer drugs from the blood. Coatings on adsorbent matrices, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/activated carbon bead and PMMA/chitosan/heparin/ACB composites, were tested to improve their biocompatibility and blood compatibility. PMMA coating on ACBs was accomplished in a straightforward manner using a PMMA solution in ethyl acetate. A one-step hybrid coating of ACBs with PMMA-anticoagulant heparin required the use of acetone and water co-solvents. Multilayer coatings with three components, PMMA, chitosan, and heparin, involved three steps: PMMA was first coated on ACBs; chitosan was then coated on the PMMA-coated surface; and finally, heparin was covalently attached to the chitosan coating. Surface morphologies were studied by scanning electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the -SO(3)(-) group. Adsorption, of a chemotherapy drug (doxorubicin) from both water and phosphate-buffered saline, by the coated ACBs was examined. The adsorption isotherm curves were fitted using the Freundlich model. The current adsorption system might find potential applications in the removal of high-dose regional chemotherapy drugs while maintaining high efficiency, biocompatibility, and blood compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Miao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
| | - Majde Takieddin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy, Albany, New York, 12208
| | - Shaker Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy, Albany, New York, 12208
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
- Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
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Alhareth K, Vauthier C, Gueutin C, Ponchel G, Moussa F. HPLC quantification of doxorubicin in plasma and tissues of rats treated with doxorubicin loaded poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 887-888:128-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Kaminskas LM, McLeod VM, Kelly BD, Sberna G, Boyd BJ, Williamson M, Owen DJ, Porter CJ. A comparison of changes to doxorubicin pharmacokinetics, antitumor activity, and toxicity mediated by PEGylated dendrimer and PEGylated liposome drug delivery systems. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 8:103-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Hasanzadeh H, Mokhtari-Dizaji M, Bathaie SZ, Hassan ZM. Effect of local dual frequency sonication on drug distribution from polymeric nanomicelles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2011; 18:1165-71. [PMID: 21489850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the side effects caused by systemic administration of doxorubicin, nanosized polymeric micelles were used in combination with dual frequency ultrasonic irradiation. These micelles release the drug due to acoustic cavitation, which is enhanced in dual frequency ultrasonic fields. To form the drug-loaded micelles, Pluronic P-105 copolymer was used, and doxorubicin was physically loaded into stabilized micelles with an average size of 14 nm. In this study, adult female Balb/C mice were transplanted with spontaneous breast adenocarcinoma tumors and were injected with a dose of 1.3 mg/kg doxorubicin in one of three forms: free doxorubicin, micellar doxorubicin without sonication and micellar doxorubicin with sonication. To increase cavitation yield, the tumor region was sonicated for 2.5 min at simultaneous frequencies of 3 MHz (I(SATA)=2 W/cm(2)) and 28 kHz (I(SATA)=0.04 W/cm(2)). The animals were sacrificed 24h after injection, and their tumor, heart, spleen, liver, kidneys and plasma were separated and homogenized. The drug content in the tissues was determined using tissue fluorimetry (350 nm excitation and 560 nm emission), and standard drug dose curves were obtained for each tissue. The results show that in the group that received micellar doxorubicin with sonication, the drug concentration in the tumor tissue was significantly higher than in the free doxorubicin injection group (8.69 times) and the micellar doxorubicin without sonication group (2.60 times). The drug concentration in other tissues was significantly lower in the micellar doxorubicin with sonication group relative to the free doxorubicin (3.35 times) and the micellar drug without sonication (2.48 times) groups (p<0.05). We conclude that dual frequency sonication improves drug release from micelles and increases the drug uptake by tumors due to sonoporation. The proposed drug delivery system creates an improved treatment capability while reducing systemic side effects caused by drug uptake in other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Hasanzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Maudens KE, Stove CP, Lambert WE. Quantitative liquid chromatographic analysis of anthracyclines in biological fluids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:2471-86. [PMID: 21840776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Anthracyclines are amongst the most widely used drugs in oncology, being part of the treatment regimen in most patients receiving systemic chemotherapy. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the sample preparation techniques and chromatographic methods that have been developed during the last two decades for the analysis of the 4 most administered anthracyclines, doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin and idarubicin in plasma, serum, saliva or urine, within the context of clinical and pharmacokinetic studies or for assessing occupational exposure. Following deproteinization, liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction or a combination of these techniques, the vast majority of methods utilizes reversed-phase C18 stationary phases for liquid chromatographic separation, followed by fluorescence detection, or, more recently, tandem mass spectrometric detection. Some pros and cons of the different techniques are addressed, in addition to potential pitfalls that may be encountered in the analysis of this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof E Maudens
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
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Sanson AL, Silva SCR, Martins MCG, Giusti-Paiva A, Maia PP, Martins I. Liquid-liquid extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array-ultra-violet for simultaneous determination of antineoplastic drugs in plasma. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502011000200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection method for simultaneous analysis of four chemically and structurally different antineoplastic drugs (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil and ifosfamide) was developed. The assay was performed by isocratic elution, with a C18 column (5 µm, 250 x 4.6 mm) and mobile phase constituted by water pH 4.0- acetonitrile-methanol (68:19:13, v/v/v), which allowed satisfactory separation of the compounds of interest. LLE, with ethyl acetate, was used for sample clean-up with recoveries ranging from 60 to 98%. The linear ranges were from 0.5 to 100 µg mL-1, for doxorubicin and 1 to 100 µg mL-1, for the other compounds. The relative standard deviations ranged from 5.5 to 17.7%. This method is a fast and simple alternative that can be used, simultaneously, for the determination of the four drugs in plasma, with a range enabling quantification of the drugs in pharmacokinetics, bioequivalence and therapeutic drug-monitoring studies.
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Cheng C, Debefve E, Haouala A, Andrejevic-Blant S, Krueger T, Ballini JP, Peters S, Decosterd L, van den Bergh H, Wagnieres G, Perentes JY, Ris HB. Photodynamic therapy selectively enhances liposomal doxorubicin uptake in sarcoma tumors to rodent lungs. Lasers Surg Med 2010; 42:391-9. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Bermingham S, O'Connor R, Regan F, McMahon GP. Simultaneous determination of anthracyclines and taxanes in human serum using online sample extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:1571-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of four anthracyclines and their respective 13-S-dihydro metabolites in plasma and saliva. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:3907-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Al-Abd AM, Kim NH, Song SC, Lee SJ, Kuh HJ. A simple HPLC method for doxorubicin in plasma and tissues of nude mice. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:605-11. [PMID: 19407979 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-1417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline that has been used for the treatment of several malignancies. Several HPLC methods have been reported for the quantification of doxorubicin in biological samples. Tissue matrix effect and sample size requirements, however, have been remaining issues for simple and easy-to-adapt analytical methods in small animal experiments. The present study established a simple HPLC method for doxorubicin in plasma and tissues (tumor, heart, spleen, liver, gastrointestinal tract, brain, lung, and kidney) of nude mice. Our method required a small sample volume (100 microL plasma and 10 mg tissue), which made it possible to use each blank tissue for calibration curves. The limit of quantification was 25 ng/mL in plasma and 0.1 to 0.4 microg/mg in other tissues with recovery rates ranging from 52.4 to 95.2%. The linearity, accuracy and precision in all tissues, except gastrointestinal tract (GIT), were found to be acceptable in the range of 25-2000 ng/mL plasma and 0.1-4 ng/mg tissue. This method was used successfully to determine the drug concentration in plasma and tissues of human tumor xenograft-bearing nude mice given intratumoral doxorubicin in a polymeric drug delivery system designed for sustained release. In conclusion, the present method may be useful as a simple and easy-to-adapt, yet, sensitive analytical method of doxorubicin for plasma and tissue pharmacokinetic studies in small animals such as nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Al-Abd
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Korea
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El-Said WA, Yea CH, Kim H, Oh BK, Choi JW. Cell-based chip for the detection of anticancer effect on HeLa cells using cyclic voltammetry. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:1259-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Distribution of Free and Liposomal Doxorubicin After Isolated Lung Perfusion in a Sarcoma Model. Ann Thorac Surg 2008; 85:1225-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2006] [Revised: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 12/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Harrison LE, Bryan M, Pliner L, Saunders T. Phase I Trial of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Patients Undergoing Cytoreduction for Advanced Intra-abdominal Malignancy. Ann Surg Oncol 2007; 15:1407-13. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-007-9718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Revised: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 09/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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DiFrancesco R, Griggs JJ, Donnelly J, DiCenzo R. Simultaneous analysis of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and doxorubicinol by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 852:545-53. [PMID: 17379584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2006] [Revised: 01/29/2007] [Accepted: 02/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A method for the simultaneous determination of cyclophosphamide (CP), doxorubicin (dox), and doxorubicinol (dol) was developed and validated to analyze 400 microL of plasma from patients receiving chemotherapeutic treatment with CP and dox. Final calibration ranges for the analytes were 0.440-60.0 microg/mL for cyclophosphamide, 7.20-984 ng/mL for dox and 3.04-104 ng/mL for dol. The samples were prepared using solid phase extraction and analyzed using a gradient separation over a Waters Symmetry C18, 2.1 by 30 mm (Milford, MA) column. Detection was achieved in positive mixed reaction monitoring mode on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin DiFrancesco
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University at Buffalo, 311 Hochstetter Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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Krueger T, Kuemmerle A, Andrejevic-Blant S, Yan H, Pan Y, Ballini JP, Klepetko W, Decosterd LA, Stupp R, Ris HB. Antegrade Versus Retrograde Isolated Lung Perfusion: Doxorubicin Uptake and Distribution in a Sarcoma Model. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 82:2024-30. [PMID: 17126104 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2006.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2006] [Revised: 05/10/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antegrade and retrograde doxorubicin-based isolated lung perfusions were compared in rodents bearing a sarcomatous tumor in the perfused lung. Inasmuch as these tumors derive their vascularization from the bronchial artery system, we hypothesized that retrograde isolated lung perfusion through the pulmonary vein might result in an improved tumor drug uptake. METHODS Single-pass antegrade (n = 9) and retrograde (n = 9) isolated left lung perfusions were performed with 100 microg of doxorubicin in Fischer rats 10 days after subpleural tumor cell injection. The perfusion, washout, and recirculation times were 20, 10, and 60 minutes, respectively, followed by harvesting of the lung. The doxorubicin concentration and compartmental distribution in the tumor and in normal parenchyma of each perfused lung were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography (6 animals of each group) and fluorescence microscopy (3 animals of each group). RESULTS Doxorubicin concentration and pattern of doxorubicin-based fluorescence signaling were comparable for both perfusion techniques in normal lung tissue. Antegrade and retrograde isolated lung perfusion resulted in similar tumor drug uptake, which was lower than in normal lung parenchyma, and in weak and sporadic fluorescence signaling emerging from the tumor periphery and from blood vessels situated within the tumor tissue. CONCLUSIONS Retrograde isolated lung perfusion did not confer a better doxorubicin uptake in the tumor as compared with antegrade lung perfusion despite the fact that the tumor vascularization in this model is based on the bronchial artery circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Krueger
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Multidisciplinary Oncology Center, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Krueger T, Kuemmerle A, Kosinski M, Denys A, Magnusson L, Stupp R, Delaloye AB, Klepetko W, Decosterd L, Ris HB, Dusmet M. Cytostatic lung perfusion results in heterogeneous spatial regional blood flow and drug distribution: Evaluation of different cytostatic lung perfusion techniques in a porcine model. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 132:304-11. [PMID: 16872954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2005] [Revised: 12/22/2005] [Accepted: 12/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Comparison of doxorubicin uptake, leakage and spatial regional blood flow, and drug distribution was made for antegrade, retrograde, combined antegrade and retrograde isolated lung perfusion, and pulmonary artery infusion by endovascular inflow occlusion (blood flow occlusion), as opposed to intravenous administration in a porcine model. METHODS White pigs underwent single-pass lung perfusion with doxorubicin (320 mug/mL), labeled 99mTc-microspheres, and Indian ink. Visual assessment of the ink distribution and perfusion scintigraphy of the perfused lung was performed. 99mTc activity and doxorubicin levels were measured by gamma counting and high-performance liquid chromatography on 15 tissue samples from each perfused lung at predetermined localizations. RESULTS Overall doxorubicin uptake in the perfused lung was significantly higher (P = .001) and the plasma concentration was significantly lower (P < .0001) after all isolated lung perfusion techniques, compared with intravenous administration, without differences between them. Pulmonary artery infusion (blood flow occlusion) showed an equally high doxorubicin uptake in the perfused lung but a higher systemic leakage than surgical isolated lung perfusion (P < .0001). The geometric coefficients of variation of the doxorubicin lung tissue levels were 175%, 279%, 226%, and 151% for antegrade, retrograde, combined antegrade and retrograde isolated lung perfusion, and pulmonary artery infusion by endovascular inflow occlusion (blood flow occlusion), respectively, compared with 51% for intravenous administration (P = .09). 99mTc activity measurements of the samples paralleled the doxorubicin level measurements, indicating a trend to a more heterogeneous spatial regional blood flow and drug distribution after isolated lung perfusion and blood flow occlusion compared with intravenous administration. CONCLUSIONS Cytostatic lung perfusion results in a high overall doxorubicin uptake, which is, however, heterogeneously distributed within the perfused lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Krueger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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