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Singh Kushwah B, Velip LG, Bharani KK, Surya PV, Sinha S, Khurana A, Kankarne Y, Banothu AK, Gananadhamu S. A sensitive method for determination of nimesulide and its hydroxy metabolite in milk using validated UPLC-MS method. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Yamamoto Y, Tago T, Toyohara J, Saito Y, Yamamoto F. Radiosynthesis and in Vivo and ex Vivo Evaluation of Isomeric [ 11C]methoxy Analogs of Nimesulide as Brain Cyclooxygenase-2-Targeted Imaging Agents. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:94-103. [PMID: 34980783 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies identified that nimesulide analogs which bear a methoxy substituent at the para-position of the phenyl ring could be potential radiotracer candidates for detecting disorders related to cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and activity in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET) in the brain. The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vivo characteristics of 11C-labeled para-methoxy nimesulide ([11C]1d) as a brain COX-2-targeted imaging agent compared to other isomeric methoxy analogs of nimesulide ([11C]1b and [11C]1c). [11C]1b-d were synthesized with reasonable yield and purity by the methylation of the O-desmethyl precursor with [11C]methyl triflate in the presence of NaOH at room temperature. We performed in vivo biodistribution analysis, brain PET imaging, ex vivo autoradiography, and metabolite analysis in mice. The uptake of [11C]1b-d was lower in the brain than in other tissues, including in the blood, and both [11C]1c and [11C]1d were rapidly metabolized. However, [11C]1d showed a small, but significant, specific signal and heterogeneous distribution in the brain. In vivo evaluation suggested that [11C]1d might correlate with COX-2 expression in the brain. Given its instability in vivo, [11C]1d seems unsuitable as a brain-COX-2 radioimaging agent. Further structural refinement of these radiotracers is necessary to enhance their uptake in the brain and to achieve sufficient metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yamamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University.,Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Tetsuro Tago
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Jun Toyohara
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - Yohei Saito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | - Fumihiko Yamamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
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Ferreira RG, Narvaez LEM, Espíndola KMM, Rosario ACRS, Lima WGN, Monteiro MC. Can Nimesulide Nanoparticles Be a Therapeutic Strategy for the Inhibition of the KRAS/PTEN Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer? Front Oncol 2021; 11:594917. [PMID: 34354940 PMCID: PMC8329661 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.594917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive, devastating disease due to its invasiveness, rapid progression, and resistance to surgical, pharmacological, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy treatments. The disease develops from PanINs lesions that progress through different stages. KRAS mutations are frequently observed in these lesions, accompanied by inactivation of PTEN, hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, and chronic inflammation with overexpression of COX-2. Nimesulide is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that has shown anticancer effects in neoplastic pancreatic cells. This drug works by increasing the levels of PTEN expression and inhibiting proliferation and apoptosis. However, there is a need to improve nimesulide through its encapsulation by solid lipid nanoparticles to overcome problems related to the hepatotoxicity and bioavailability of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseane Guimarães Ferreira
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Post-Graduation Program, Laboratory of In Vitro Tests, Immunology and Microbiology-LABEIM, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Mosquera Narvaez
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Laboratory of In Vitro Tests, Immunology and Microbiology-LABEIM, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Kaio Murilo Monteiro Espíndola
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Laboratory of In Vitro Tests, Immunology and Microbiology-LABEIM, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Amanda Caroline R. S. Rosario
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Laboratory of In Vitro Tests, Immunology and Microbiology-LABEIM, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Wenddy Graziela N. Lima
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Laboratory of In Vitro Tests, Immunology and Microbiology-LABEIM, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Marta Chagas Monteiro
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Post-Graduation Program, Laboratory of In Vitro Tests, Immunology and Microbiology-LABEIM, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Laboratory of In Vitro Tests, Immunology and Microbiology-LABEIM, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marta Chagas Monteiro,
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Lazzara PR, Moore TW. Scaffold-hopping as a strategy to address metabolic liabilities of aromatic compounds. RSC Med Chem 2019; 11:18-29. [PMID: 33479602 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00396g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding and minimizing oxidative metabolism of aromatic compounds is a key hurdle in lead optimization. Metabolic processes not only clear compounds from the body, but they can also transform parent compounds into reactive metabolites. One particularly useful strategy when addressing metabolically labile or oxidation-prone structures is scaffold-hopping. Replacement of an aromatic system with a more electron-deficient ring system can often increase robustness towards cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation while conserving the structural requirements of the pharmacophore. The most common example of this substitution strategy, replacement of a phenyl ring with a pyridyl substituent, is prevalent throughout the literature; however scaffold-hopping encompasses a much wider scope of heterocycle replacement. This review will showcase recent examples where different scaffold-hopping approaches were used to reduce metabolic clearance or block the formation of reactive metabolites. Additionally, we will highlight considerations that should be made to garner the most benefit from a scaffold-hopping strategy for lead optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip R Lazzara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S. Wood Street , Chicago , IL 60612 , USA .
| | - Terry W Moore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy , University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 S. Wood Street , Chicago , IL 60612 , USA . .,University of Illinois Cancer Center , University of Illinois at Chicago , 1801 W. Taylor Street , Chicago , IL 60612 , USA
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Halder D, Dan S, Sarkar P, Das D, Chandra Halder U, Kumar Pal T. LC-MS/MS determination of 4-hydroxynimesulide, an active metabolite of nimesulide and application to bioequivalence study in Indian subjects. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2019; 25:399-411. [PMID: 30696255 DOI: 10.1177/1469066718822621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A simple and highly sensitive bioanalytical method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of nimesulide (NSD) and its active metabolite 4-hydroxy-nimesulide (M1) in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) and applied in a bioequivalence study performed on Indian subjects. The bioanalytical method was carried out by LC-MS/MS with celecoxib (CXB) as an internal standard (IS) using liquid-liquid extraction technique. The chromatographic separation was performed on a reversed-phase Agilent eclipse plus C18 (75 mm × 4.6 mm, particle size 3.5 µm) column with a mobile phase of acetronitrile and water containing 5 mM ammonium formate (9:1, v/v). Method validation and clinical sample were analysed as per USFDA and EMA guidelines and results met the acceptance criteria. The lower limit of quantitation of NSD and M1 was found 10 ng/mL with a large linearity range from 10 to 6000 ng/mL for both NSD and M1 using only 100 µL of plasma and reported no matrix effect. The multiple reaction monitoring transitions of m/z 307.20 → 229.20, m/z 323.00 → 245.00 and m/z 380.20 → 316.20 were used to measure NSD, M1 and CXB (IS), respectively. The assay method was successfully applied for the simultaneous quantification of both NSD and M1 in plasma samples after oral administration of nimesulide 100 mg tablet in healthy human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Halder
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bioequivalence Study Centre, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Shubhasis Dan
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bioequivalence Study Centre, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- 2 TAAB Biostudy Services, Kolkata, India
| | - Pradipta Sarkar
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bioequivalence Study Centre, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Dibya Das
- 2 TAAB Biostudy Services, Kolkata, India
| | - Umesh Chandra Halder
- 3 Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Pal
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bioequivalence Study Centre, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Song J, Liang X, Ma Q, An J, Feng F. Fluorescent boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots with high quantum yield for the detection of nimesulide and fluorescence staining. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 216:296-302. [PMID: 30921655 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we firstly developed a new rapid detection method of nimesulide (Nim) based on the boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (B,N-CDs) as the fluorescence probe. The B,N-CDs were prepared by a facile hydrothermal treatment using ammonium citrate and bis(pinacolato)diboron as precursors. The as-prepared B,N-CDs were mono-dispersed with an average diameter of 3.3 nm, and exhibited good stability and strong fluorescence emission with a high quantum yield of 68.89%. The fluorescence of B,N-CDs was obviously quenched with the addition of Nim. A good linear relationship between ln (F0/F) and the concentration of Nim was obtained in the range of 0-100 μM, and the limit of detection was 125 nM. Furthermore, the proposed analysis method was successfully applied for the detection of Nim in pharmaceutical samples and recoveries ranged from 94.60%-96.73%. More remarkably, it was further found that the as-prepared B,N-CDs displayed bright blue solid-state fluorescence, exhibiting potential application in invisible fluorescent ink for anti-counterfeiting and fluorescent dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, 037009, China
| | - Xiaomin Liang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041001, China
| | - Qi Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, 037009, China; School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041001, China.
| | - Jinhui An
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041001, China
| | - Feng Feng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, 037009, China; School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041001, China
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Cloud point extraction combined with HPLC–MS for the determination of nimesulide in biological samples. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Antonio da Silva D, Cavalcante RP, Cunha RF, Machulek A, César de Oliveira S. Optimization of nimesulide oxidation via a UV-ABC/H 2O 2 treatment process: Degradation products, ecotoxicological effects, and their dependence on the water matrix. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 207:457-468. [PMID: 29807345 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nimesulide (Nim) degradation in ultrapure water (UW) and municipal sewage (MS) via UV-ABC/H2O2 was investigated. The variables included in the experimental design were time, initial Nim, and initial H2O2 concentrations. Resulting decreases in Nim concentration (monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a photodiode array detector operating at a maximum UV absorbance of 300 nm), mineralization (from total organic carbon (TOC) measurements), and ecotoxicity (assays employing the bioindicators Daphnia similis, Artemia salina, and Allium cepa) were also studied. Degradation rates of 90% or higher were found for 15-20 min reaction times, employing combinations of [H2O2] = 50-150 mg L-1 and [Nim] = 8.5-15 mg L-1 prepared with MS. Mineralization rates of 70% and higher were attained within 60 min of reaction for [Nim] = 15 mg L-1 prepared in MS with [H2O2] = 100 mg L-1. Nim by-products were detected and possible degradation pathways proposed. Ecotoxicity evaluation using A. salina, D. similis, and A. cepa revealed that the treated samples had significantly lower toxicity. Exposure to treated samples resulted in survival rates of 79% for A. salina and over 90% for D. similis. No root growth inhibition was observed in A. cepa exposed to treated samples, whereas exposure to untreated samples inhibited root growth by 60%. Statistical analysis revealed elimination of cytotoxicity and reduction of genotoxicity against A. cepa. The results showed that the UV-ABC/H2O2 process can be employed as a pre- or post-treatment method to remove Nim from contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Antonio da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pereira Cavalcante
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Fabbro Cunha
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Machulek
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil.
| | - Silvio César de Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil.
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Nunes JH, Nakahata DH, Lustri WR, Corbi PP, de Paiva RE. The nitro-reduced metabolite of nimesulide: Crystal structure, spectroscopic characterization, ESI-QTOF mass spectrometric analysis and antibacterial evaluation. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Song J, Ma Q, Liang X, Zhang S, Shen L, Guo Y, Feng F. A simple preparation method of carbon dots by weak power bathroom lamp irradiation and their application for nimesulide detection and bioimaging. RSC Adv 2018; 8:36090-36095. [PMID: 35558467 PMCID: PMC9088450 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06313c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel strategy for synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) with a quantum yield of approximately 15.36% has been established by employing a bathroom lamp as a light source. Compared with other current protocols, the method described here displayed various advantages such as environmentally friendly manipulations and low power and cost. Subsequently, we applied the CDs as a fluorescence probe for the detection of nimesulide (Nim) firstly under the optimal conditions. A linear relationship between ln(F0/F) and the concentration of Nim was obtained in the range from 0.5 μM to 75 μM with a detection limit of 100 nM. In addition, the as-prepared CDs showed excellent biocompatibility and were applied for cell imaging, which presented great potential applications in cell imaging. This work reported the simple preparation method of carbon dots using weak power bathroom lamp irradiation, and explored their potential application in cell imaging and as a fluorescent sensor for the determination of nimesulide.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi Datong University
- Datong
- China
| | - Qi Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi Datong University
- Datong
- China
| | - Xiaomin Liang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi Datong University
- Datong
- China
| | - Lazhen Shen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi Datong University
- Datong
- China
| | - Yong Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi Datong University
- Datong
- China
| | - Feng Feng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi Datong University
- Datong
- China
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Jian YS, Chen CW, Lin CA, Yu HP, Lin HY, Liao MY, Wu SH, Lin YF, Lai PS. Hyaluronic acid-nimesulide conjugates as anticancer drugs against CD44-overexpressing HT-29 colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2315-2333. [PMID: 28392690 PMCID: PMC5376212 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s120847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrier-mediated drug delivery systems are promising therapeutics for targeted delivery and improved efficacy and safety of potent cytotoxic drugs. Nimesulide is a multifactorial cyclooxygenase 2 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with analgesic, antipyretic and potent anticancer properties; however, the low solubility of nimesulide limits its applications. Drugs conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA) are innovative carrier-mediated drug delivery systems characterized by CD44-mediated endocytosis of HA and intracellular drug release. In this study, hydrophobic nimesulide was conjugated to HA of two different molecular weights (360 kDa as HA with high molecular weight [HAH] and 43kDa as HA with low molecular weight [HAL]) to improve its tumor-targeting ability and hydrophilicity. Our results showed that hydrogenated nimesulide (N-[4-amino-2-phenoxyphenyl]methanesulfonamide) was successfully conjugated with both HA types by carbodiimide coupling and the degree of substitution of nimesulide was 1%, which was characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance 400 MHz and total correlation spectroscopy. Both Alexa Fluor® 647 labeled HAH and HAL could selectively accumulate in CD44-overexpressing HT-29 colorectal tumor area in vivo, as observed by in vivo imaging system. In the in vitro cytotoxic test, HA-nimesulide conjugate displayed >46% cell killing ability at a nimesulide concentration of 400 µM in HT-29 cells, whereas exiguous cytotoxic effects were observed on HCT-15 cells, indicating that HA-nimesulide causes cell death in CD44-overexpressing HT-29 cells. Regarding in vivo antitumor study, both HAL-nimesulide and HAH-nimesulide caused rapid tumor shrinkage within 3 days and successfully inhibited tumor growth, which reached 82.3% and 76.4% at day 24 through apoptotic mechanism in HT-29 xenografted mice, without noticeable morphologic differences in the liver or kidney, respectively. These results indicated that HA-nimesulide with improved selectivity through HA/CD44 receptor interactions has the potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and safety of nimesulide for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chih-An Lin
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung
| | | | - Hua-Yang Lin
- Preclinical Development Research Department, Holy Stone Healthcare Co., Ltd., Taipei
| | | | | | | | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry; PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung; Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhou L, Pang X, Jiang J, Zhong D, Chen X. Nimesulide and 4′-Hydroxynimesulide as Bile Acid Transporters Inhibitors Are Contributory Factors for Drug-Induced Cholestasis. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:441-448. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.074104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Simultaneous determination of nimesulide and its four possible metabolites in human plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application in a study of pharmacokinetics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1027:139-48. [PMID: 27284972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, it was the first time that we simultaneously quantified nimesulide and its possible metabolites M1, M2, M3 and M4 by employing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Nimesulide-d5 was used as internal standard (IS) for validation. Analytes and IS were recovered from human plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Prepared plasma samples were analyzed under the same LC-MS/MS conditions, and chromatographic separation was realized by using an Ultimate C18 column, with run time being 5min for each sample. Our results showed that various analytes within their concentration ranges could be quantified accurately by using the method. Mean intra- and inter-day accuracies ranged from -4.8% to 4.8% (RE), and intra- and inter-assay precision ≤6.2% (RSD). The following parameters were validated: specificity, recovery, matrix effects, dilution integrity, carry-over, sample stability under a variety of storage and handling conditions (room temperature, freezer, freeze-thaw and post-preparative) and stock solution stability. Pharmacokinetics of nimesulide and its metabolites were calculated based on the analysis of samples collected from twelve Chinese healthy volunteers after single oral dose of 100mg nimesulide tablets. By applying the pharmacokinetic determination into human samples, we preliminarily detected a new metabolite of nimesulide (M4*), and the concentration of M4* was relatively higher in plasma. Furthermore, we predicted part of conceivable metabolism pathway in plasma of after oral administration of 100mg nimesulide tablets. This research provided an experimental basis for further studies on metabolic activation and biotransformation of nimesulide, and for more comprehensive conjecture of its metabolic pathways.
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Renard JF, Lecomte F, Hubert P, de Leval X, Pirotte B. N-(3-Arylaminopyridin-4-yl)alkanesulfonamides as pyridine analogs of nimesulide: Cyclooxygenases inhibition, anti-inflammatory studies and insight on metabolism. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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15
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Thomas D, Lonappan L, Rajith L, Cyriac ST, Kumar KG. Quantum dots (QDs) based fluorescent sensor for the selective determination of nimesulide. J Fluoresc 2013; 23:473-8. [PMID: 23397489 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-013-1170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent PET (Photoinduced Electron Transfer) has been of particular growth in recent times. A novel PET based fluorescent sensor using unmodified CdSe quantum dots (QDs) has been developed for the trace determination of Nimesulide (NIM). The sensor is based on the selective fluorescence quenching of quantum dots by NIM in presence of other NSAIDs and is found that intensity of quenching is linearly related to NIM concentration in the range 8.2 × 10(-7) - 4.01 × 10(-5) M. The mechanism of interaction is discussed. Finally, the potential application of the proposed method for the trace determination of NIM in pharmaceutical formulation is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Thomas
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
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Milenović DM, Todorović ZB. Development and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for analysis of nimesulide residues on manufacturing equipment surfaces. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.21.2009.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Taggart MA, Senacha KR, Green RE, Cuthbert R, Jhala YV, Meharg AA, Mateo R, Pain DJ. Analysis of nine NSAIDs in ungulate tissues available to critically endangered vultures in India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:4561-4566. [PMID: 19603677 DOI: 10.1021/es9002026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In 2006, India, Pakistan, and Nepal banned the manufacture of veterinary formulations of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac. This action was taken to halt the unprecedented decline of three Gyps vulture species that were being poisoned by diclofenac residues commonly present in carcasses of domestic livestock upon which they scavenged. To assess the affect of this ban and evaluate residue prevelances of other NSAIDs, we present a method to detect diclofenac and eight more NSAIDs by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and apply this to 1488 liver samples from carcasses of livestock taken across seven Indian states. Diclofenac was present in 11.1% of samples taken between April and December 2006, and meloxicam (4%), ibuprofen (0.6%), and ketoprofen (0.5%) were also detected. Although meloxicam is safe for a range of avian scavengers, including Gypsvultures, data regarding the safety of other NSAIDs is currently limited. If wild Gyps on the Indian subcontinent are to survive, diclofenac bans must be completely effective, and NSAIDs that replace it within the veterinary drug market must be of low toxicity toward Gyps and other scavenging birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Taggart
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Ciudad Real, Spain
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18
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Li F, Chordia MD, Huang T, Macdonald TL. In Vitro Nimesulide Studies toward Understanding Idiosyncratic Hepatotoxicity: Diiminoquinone Formation and Conjugation. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 22:72-80. [DOI: 10.1021/tx800152r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Li
- Chemistry Department, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Mahendra D. Chordia
- Chemistry Department, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Tao Huang
- Chemistry Department, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Timothy L. Macdonald
- Chemistry Department, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
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Chandran S, Ravi P, Jadhav PR, Saha RN. A Simple, Rapid, and Validated LC Method for the Estimation of Nimesulide in Human Serum and Its Application in Bioavailability Studies. ANAL LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710802352480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Hemmateenejad B, Javidnia K, Saeidi-Boroujeni M. Spectrophotometric monitoring of nimesulide photodegradation by a combined hard–soft multivariate curve resolution-alternative least square method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 47:625-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2007] [Revised: 01/20/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Freitas CS, Dorta DJ, Pardo-Andreu GL, Pestana CR, Tudella VG, Mingatto FE, Uyemura SA, Santos AC, Curti C. 4-hydroxy nimesulide effects on mitochondria and HepG2 cells. A comparison with nimesulide. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 566:43-9. [PMID: 17459371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Revised: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, nimesulide (N-[4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl]-methanesulfonamide), is an uncoupler and oxidizes NAD(P)H in isolated rat liver mitochondria, triggering mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux or, if this effect is inhibited, eliciting mitochondrial permeability transition (Mingatto et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. 131:1154-1160, 2000). We presently demonstrated that nimesulide's hydroxylated metabolite (4-hydroxy nimesulide) lacks the uncoupling property of the parent drug, while keeping its ability to oxidize mitochondrial NADPH. In the presence of 10 microM Ca2+, low (5-50 microM) concentrations of 4-hydroxy nimesulide elicited mitochondrial permeability transition, as assessed by cyclosporin A-sensitive mitochondrial swelling, associated with mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux/membrane potential dissipation (Deltapsi), apparently occurring on account of the oxidation of mitochondrial protein thiols; no involvement of reactive oxygen species was observed. While nimesulide (0.5 or 1 mM, 30 h incubation) did not lead to significant HepG2 cell death, 4-hydroxy nimesulide caused a low extent (approximately 15%) of cell necrosis, partly prevented by cyclosporine A, suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition. Both nimesulide and 4-hydroxy nimesulide caused NADPH oxidation and Deltapsi dissipation in HepG2 cells. Because such Deltapsi dissipation induced by the metabolite was almost completely inhibited by cyclosporine A, it probably results from the mitochondrial permeability transition. Therefore, mitochondrial permeability transition, in apparent association with NADPH oxidation, constitutes the most probable cause of HepG2 cell death elicited by 4-hydroxy nimesulide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton S Freitas
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas Rib. Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Ho ENM, Leung DKK, Wan TSM, Yu NH. Comprehensive screening of anabolic steroids, corticosteroids, and acidic drugs in horse urine by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1120:38-53. [PMID: 16631183 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2005] [Revised: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 03/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports two highly efficient liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods for the screening of anabolic steroids, corticosteroids, and acidic drugs for the purpose of doping control in equine sports. Sample extraction was performed using a mixed-mode C8-SCX solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. The first eluted fraction (acidic/neutral fraction) was base-washed and the resulting organic extract was used for the screening of anabolic steroids and corticosteroids by LC-MS using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the positive electrospray ionisation (ESI) mode. The remaining aqueous extract was re-adjusted to pH 6 and acidic drugs were recovered by liquid/liquid extraction. Detection was again achieved using LC-MRM but in the negative ESI mode. A total of 40 anabolic steroids and corticosteroids, and over 50 acidic drugs, including some cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, oxicams, anti-diabetics, sedatives, diuretics and Delta(9)-tetrahydro-11-norcannabinol-9-carboxylic acid, could be covered by the two LC-MS methods. Both methods utilized a high efficiency reversed-phase column (3.3 cm L x 2.1 mm I.D. with 3 microm particles) coupled with a fast-scanning triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer to achieve fast turnaround times. The overall turnaround times for both methods were 10 min, inclusive of post-run and equilibration times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmie N M Ho
- Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong, PR China.
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23
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Nageswara Rao R, Meena S, Raghuram Rao A. An overview of the recent developments in analytical methodologies for determination of COX-2 inhibitors in bulk drugs, pharmaceuticals and biological matrices. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 39:349-63. [PMID: 16009523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2004] [Revised: 03/16/2005] [Accepted: 03/20/2005] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An extensive survey of the literature published in various analytical and pharmaceutical chemistry related journals has been conducted and the instrumental analytical methods which were developed and used for determination of COX-2 inhibitors in bulk drugs, formulations and biological fluids have been reviewed. This review covers the time period from 1995 to 2004 during which 138 analytical methods including all types of spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques were reported. HPLC with UV detection was found to be the technique of choice for many workers and more than 100 methods were based on LC and UV. A critical analysis of the reported data has been carried out and the present state-of-art of the analytical techniques for determination of celecoxib, rofecoxib, etoricoxib, etodolac, nimesulide and meloxicam has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nageswara Rao
- Analytical Division, Discovery Lab, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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Küçükgüzel SG, Küçükgüzel I, Oral B, Sezen S, Rollas S. Detection of nimesulide metabolites in rat plasma and hepatic subcellular fractions by HPLC-UV/DAD and LC-MS/MS studies. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2005; 30:127-34. [PMID: 16010872 DOI: 10.1007/bf03226418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nimesulide (4-nitro-2-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide) is an atypical NSAID lacking a carboxylic acid moiety. It has a good gastric tolerability due to selective inhibition of COX-2. The study objectives in the present work were to characterize the metabolism of nimesulide in rat plasma at certain time intervals. In vitro studies were also carried out to examine if nitroreduction takes place in vitro using rat hepatic subcellular fractions (microsomal and S9 fraction) besides aromatic hydroxylation. This communication describes detection and characterization of nimesulide metabolites isolated from plasma and hepatic subcellular post-incubates by the use of HPLC-UV/diode array and LC-MS/MS. Hydroxynimesulide was the major metabolite both in vivo and in vitro whereas nitroreduction was observed only in vitro with subcellular fractions under anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Güniz Küçükgüzel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract
HPLC and TLC methods for monitoring of the photochemical stability of nimesulide are presented. Solution of nimesulide sodium salt was exposed to the light of wavelengths 254 nm. The presence of degradation products (2-phenoxy4-nitroaniline and methanesulfonic acid) was observed. In the exposed sample, 2-phenoxy4-nitroaniline was detected by HPLC analysis and sulfonic acid was detected by TLC analysis. An isocratic HPLC chromatographic condition was described for determination of nimesulide in a presence of its degradation product. The sample was analysed on Separon SGX, C(18), 250 x 4.6 i.d. 7 microm analytical column. The mobile phase was consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and ammonium phosphate (pH 7.9; 0.02 M) (35:65 v/v). UV detector was performed at 245 nm. Propylparaben was employed as an internal standard. Standard area response was linear respect to concentration of nimesulide over range 150-500 microg/ml. As a validation of the method, the accuracy and between-day precision were done. The detection limit of 2-phenoxy4-nitroaniline was 0.12 microg/ml. The solvent system for TLC analysis was consisted of ethylacetate and cyclohexane (45:55), the samples were plotted on silica gel UV-254 nm. UV lamp (254 nm) and the chemical detection were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kovaríková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Mingatto FE, Rodrigues T, Pigoso AA, Uyemura SA, Curti C, Santos AC. The critical role of mitochondrial energetic impairment in the toxicity of nimesulide to hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 303:601-7. [PMID: 12388641 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.102.038620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We described the effects of nimesulide (N-[4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl]-methanesulfonamide) and its reduced metabolite in isolated rat hepatocytes. Nimesulide stimulated the succinate-supported state 4 respiration of mitochondria, indicating an uncoupling effect of the drug. Incubation of hepatocytes with nimesulide (0.1-1 mM) elicited a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability as assessed by lactate dehydrogenase leakage, a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential as assessed by rhodamine 123 retention, and cell ATP depression. Nimesulide also decreased the levels of NAD(P)H and glutathione in hepatocytes, but the extent of the effects was less pronounced in relation to the energetic parameters; in addition, these effects did not imply the peroxidation of membrane lipids. The decrease in the viability of hepatocytes was prevented by fructose and, to a larger extent, by fructose plus oligomycin; it was stimulated by proadifen, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor. In contrast, the reduced metabolite of nimesulide did not present any of the effects observed for the parent drug. These results indicate that: 1) nimesulide causes injury to the isolated rat liver cells, 2) this effect is mainly mediated by impairment of ATP production by mitochondria due to uncoupling, and 3) on account of the activity of its nitro group, the parent drug by itself is the main factor responsible for its toxicity to the hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio E Mingatto
- Departamento de Física e Química, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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27
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Chauhan SMS, Kandadai SA, Kumar A. Biomimetic reduction of nimesulide with NaBH4 catalyzed by metalloporphyrins. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2002; 50:1421-2. [PMID: 12372881 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.50.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The biomimetic reduction of anti-inflammatory drug, nimesulide (1) with sodium borohydride catalyzed by 5,10,15,20-tetraarylporphyrinatoiron(III) chlorides [TAPFe(III)Cl] has been studied in organic solvents under anaerobic and aerobic conditions.
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Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the principal drug treatments for inflammation, pain and fever. They act primarily by inhibiting prostaglandin (PG) synthesis but this can cause adverse events (AEs). Since the discovery of two PG synthesising enzymes, COX-1 and COX-2, and the substantial evidence that sparing COX-1 is advantageous for gastric safety, great interest has focused on selective COX-2 inhibitors. Much of the impetus has come from the most recently developed compounds celecoxib and rofecoxib, which have shown spectacular sales growth. However, the older drugs etodolac, nimesulide and meloxicam, made before COX-2 was discovered, are also COX-1-sparing and have good GI safety and therapeutic activities. These five compounds show similarities and differences that are discussed in relation to aspects that include their uses, efficacy, actions and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bennett
- Academic Department of Surgery, The Rayne Institute, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Medical School, King's College, London, SE5 9NU, UK
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29
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Dogrukol-Ak D, Tuncel M, Aboul-Enein HY. A capillary zone electrophoretic method for the determination of nimesulide in pharmaceutical preparation and serum. J Sep Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1615-9314(20010901)24:9<743::aid-jssc743>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Nimesulide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1075-6280(01)28006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Mingatto FE, dos Santos AC, Rodrigues T, Pigoso AA, Uyemura SA, Curti C. Effects of nimesulide and its reduced metabolite on mitochondria. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 131:1154-60. [PMID: 11082123 PMCID: PMC1572426 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. We investigated the effects of nimesulide, a recently developed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and of a metabolite resulting from reduction of the nitro group to an amine derivative, on succinate-energized isolated rat liver mitochondria incubated in the absence or presence of 20 microM Ca(2+), 1 microM cyclosporin A (CsA) or 5 microM ruthenium red. 2. Nimesulide uncoupled mitochondria through a protonophoretic mechanism and oxidized mitochondrial NAD(P)H, both effects presenting an EC(50) of approximately 5 microM. 3. Within the same concentration range nimesulide induced mitochondrial Ca(2+) efflux in a partly ruthenium red-sensitive manner, and induced mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) when ruthenium red was added after Ca(2+) uptake by mitochondria. Nimesulide induced MPT even in de-energized mitochondria incubated with 0.5 mM Ca(2+). 4. Both Ca(2+) efflux and MPT were prevented to a similar extent by CsA, Mg(2+), ADP, ATP and butylhydroxytoluene, whereas dithiothreitol and N-ethylmaleimide, which markedly prevented MPT, had only a partial or no effect on Ca(2+) efflux, respectively. 5. The reduction of the nitro group of nimesulide to an amine derivative completely suppressed the above mitochondrial responses, indicating that the nitro group determines both the protonophoretic and NAD(P)H oxidant properties of the drug. 6. The nimesulide reduction product demonstrated a partial protective effect against accumulation of reactive oxygen species derived from mitochondria under conditions of oxidative stress like those resulting from the presence of t-butyl hydroperoxide. 7. The main conclusion is that nimesulide, on account of its nitro group, acts as a potent protonophoretic uncoupler and NAD(P)H oxidant on isolated rat liver mitochondria, inducing Ca(2+) efflux or MPT within a concentration range which can be reached in vivo, thus presenting the potential ability to interfere with the energy and Ca(2+) homeostasis in the liver cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Erminio Mingatto
- Department of Physics & Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Cardozo dos Santos
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological & Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Department of Physics & Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Acácio Antonio Pigoso
- Department of Physics & Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Akira Uyemura
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological & Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Curti
- Department of Physics & Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Author for correspondence:
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Furlanetto S, Orlandini S, Aldini G, Gotti R, Dreassi E, Pinzauti S. Designing experiments to optimise and validate the adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of nimesulide. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)00735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Singla AK, Chawla M, Singh A. Nimesulide: some pharmaceutical and pharmacological aspects--an update. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:467-86. [PMID: 10864134 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001774255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nimesulide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is administered orally or rectally twice daily for a variety of inflammation and pain states. This is a unique NSAID, not only because of its chemical structure but also because of its specific affinity to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), thus exerting milder effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa. Current data on selective COX-2 inhibitors suggest that they may have an efficacy similar to that of standard NSAIDs. Initial general clinical experience with selective COX-2 inhibitors appears to show that they are particularly promising in individuals at risk because of renal diseases, hypertension or congestive heart failure. Various experimental models and clinical studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of nimesulide. Nimesulide is superior, or at least comparable in efficacy, to other NSAIDs, but is better tolerated and has less potential for adverse reactions. Thus, selective COX-2 inhibitors should have anti-inflammatory effects devoid of side effects on the kidney and stomach. They may also demonstrate new important therapeutic benefits as anticancer agents as well as help prevention of premature labour and even retard the progression of Alzheimer's disease. No clinically significant drug interactions have been reported for nimesulide. Not much has been reported about the pharmaceutical aspects of nimesulide. Its poor aqueous solubility poses bioavailability problems in-vivo. This could be overcome by the formation of inclusion complexes with beta-cyclodextrin, as has been reported by various researchers. However, absence of any in-vivo data regarding the relative absorption of nimesulide from beta-cyclodextrin complex compared with that from conventional formulations of the drug makes the use of such fast-releasing complexes rather questionable. Only a limited number of assay procedures (HPLC, spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric) for the determination of nimesulide and its metabolite in plasma/urine samples or in dosage forms have been reported in the literature. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise overview of the pharmacological and pharmaceutical profile of nimesulide. Various investigations carried out recently are reported, although older references to research performed on nimesulide have also been included, where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Singla
- Pharmaceutics Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
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