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Manitsa I, Gregory AM, Broome MR, Bagshaw AP, Marwaha S, Morales-Muñoz I. Shorter night-time sleep duration and later sleep timing from infancy to adolescence. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38708717 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here, we (a) examined the trajectories of night-time sleep duration, bedtime and midpoint of night-time sleep (MPS) from infancy to adolescence, and (b) explored perinatal risk factors for persistent poor sleep health. METHODS This study used data from 12,962 participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Parent or self-reported night-time sleep duration, bedtime and wake-up time were collected from questionnaires at 6, 18 and 30 months, and at 3.5, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7, 9, 11 and 15-16 years. Child's sex, birth weight, gestational age, health and temperament, together with mother's family adversity index (FAI), age at birth, prenatal socioeconomic status and postnatal anxiety and depression, were included as risk factors for persistent poor sleep health. Latent class growth analyses were applied first to detect trajectories of night-time sleep duration, bedtime and MPS, and we then applied logistic regressions for the longitudinal associations between risk factors and persistent poor sleep health domains. RESULTS We obtained four trajectories for each of the three sleep domains. In particular, we identified a trajectory characterized by persistent shorter sleep, a trajectory of persistent later bedtime and a trajectory of persistent later MPS. Two risk factors were associated with the three poor sleep health domains: higher FAI with increased risk of persistent shorter sleep (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.11-1.30, p < .001), persistent later bedtime (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.19-1.39, p < .001) and persistent later MPS (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.22-1.38, p < .001); and higher maternal socioeconomic status with reduced risk of persistent shorter sleep (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98-1.00, p = .048), persistent later bedtime (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97-0.99, p < .001) and persistent later MPS (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98-0.99, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS We detected trajectories of persistent poor sleep health (i.e. shorter sleep duration, later bedtime and later MPS) from infancy to adolescence, and specific perinatal risk factors linked to persistent poor sleep health domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifigeneia Manitsa
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alice M Gregory
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
| | - Matthew R Broome
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Early Intervention Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew P Bagshaw
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Steven Marwaha
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Specialist Mood Disorders Clinic, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Isabel Morales-Muñoz
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Salas-González MD, Bermejo LM, González-Rodríguez LG, Lozano-Estevan MDC, Ortega RM, López-Sobaler AM. Adherence to 24-h movement guidelines in Spanish schoolchildren and its association with insulin resistance: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1146580. [PMID: 37492132 PMCID: PMC10365640 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1146580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Being more active, being less sedentary, and sleeping enough are associated with adequate body weight and adiposity in children. However, few researchers have analyzed these different lifestyle behaviors and the adherence to 24 h movement guidelines with respect to insulin resistance (IR) at school age. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the association between the adherence to 24 h movement guidelines (physical activity, sedentary time, sleep) and IR in Spanish schoolchildren. Methods A cross-sectional study of 839 children (8-13 years, 51.1% girls) were studied. Anthropometric, biochemical, and lifestyle behavioral data were collected. IR was defined as HOMA-IR>3.16. Compliance with the 24 h movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 min/day of moderate and/or vigorous physical activity, < 120 min/day of screen time, and 9-11 h/day of sleep time. Associations between adherence to the 24 h movement guidelines and IR were performed by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results The IR in our sample was 5.0%, being higher in girls. Compliance with physical activity or screen time, but not with sleep recommendations, was associated with lower fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR values. A low adherence to 24 h movement guidelines was associated with a higher risk of IR (odds ratio (95% CI): 2.150 [1.089-4.247]), especially in girls (odds ratio (95% CI): 2.800 [1.180-6.645]). Conclusion Higher physical activity levels and lower screen times were associated with a lower risk of IR in schoolchildren, underlining the importance of adhering to as many healthy lifestyle recommendations as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Salas-González
- Grupo de Investigación VALORNUT, Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Bermejo
- Grupo de Investigación VALORNUT, Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Liliana G. González-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación VALORNUT, Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Lozano-Estevan
- Grupo de Investigación VALORNUT, Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Ortega
- Grupo de Investigación VALORNUT, Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- Grupo de Investigación VALORNUT, Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Fukasawa M. The development of sleep-like posture expression with age in female Holstein calves. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13816. [PMID: 36802332 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Sleep plays an important role in cattle production and welfare. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the development of sleep-like posture (SLP) expression in dairy calves from birth to the first calving as an indicator of their sleep behavior. Fifteen female Holstein calves were subjected. Daily SLP was measured eight times (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 18 months and 23 months or 1 month before the first calving) using an accelerometer. Calves were kept in individual pens until weaning at 2.5 months old and then kept in the group. The daily SLP time decreased rapidly in early life; however, the rate of decrease gradually slowed and eventually reached a stable level of approximately 60 min/day after 12 months old. The daily SLP bout frequency showed the same change as the SLP time. In contrast, the averaged SLP bout duration slowly decreased with age. Longer daily SLP time during early life in female Holstein calves might be related to brain development. The individual expression of daily SLP time differs before and after weaning. Some external and/or internal factors associated with weaning may be involved SLP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiru Fukasawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Japan
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Maeda T, Oniki K, Miike T. Sleep education in primary school prevents future school refusal behavior. Pediatr Int 2019; 61:1036-1042. [PMID: 31325196 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders, along with extreme difficulty in awakening, are one of the main causes of school refusal. The accumulation of chronic sleep deprivation accompanied by a late-night lifestyle is considered the basic inciting factor. METHODS From 2007, we initiated a sleep education program (Min-Iku) in Fukui, Japan, with the aim of improving pupil lifestyle and preventing future school refusal. All grade 1-6 Miyake-primary school (M-PS) pupils participated in this program and gave their informed consent. The Min-Iku included (i) implementation of a "daily life rhythm survey" by recording the sleep-wake rhythm in a table for 14 days; (ii) evaluation of the sleep table according to the classifications A-D; (iii) interviews of stage D children and their guardians; (iv) lectures on the importance of daily life rhythms for parents and teachers; and (v) 45 min classwork for all participating pupils. RESULTS In 2007, 10% of M-PS graduates developed school refusal behavior after entering Kaminaka junior high school (K-JHS). The incidence of school refusal, however, decreased each year after the implementation of the Min-Iku program and finally reached 0 by 2012. The sleep onset time of pupils improved each year, with the most common sleep time reaching 9:30 p.m. on both weekdays and holidays. With an earlier sleep time, the night-time sleep duration was significantly extended (P < 0.001 vs 2007 data). CONCLUSION The Min-Iku program for primary school pupils successfully achieved a more routine night-time sleep pattern and a regular life rhythm, which prevented school refusal during the subsequent JHS years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kentaro Oniki
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Miike
- Children's Sleep and Development Medical Research Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Beyens I, Nathanson AI. Electronic Media Use and Sleep Among Preschoolers: Evidence for Time-Shifted and Less Consolidated Sleep. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:537-544. [PMID: 29323943 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2017.1422102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association between electronic media use and sleep among preschoolers, using a national sample of 402 mothers of 3- to 5-year-olds. Participants completed an online survey assessing preschoolers' electronic media use, bedtime and wake time, sleep time, napping behaviors, and sleep consolidation. Results showed that heavier television use and tablet use, both overall and in the evening, were associated with later bedtimes and later wake times, but not with fewer hours of sleep, providing evidence for a time-shifting process. In addition, heavier daily television use and evening smartphone use were associated with increased daytime napping. Moreover, heavier daily television use, daily and evening smartphone use, and evening tablet use were associated with poorer sleep consolidation, suggesting less mature sleep patterns. These findings indicate that media effects on the timing of sleep and the proportion of sleep that occurs at night are important to consider when assessing the health risks of electronic media on children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ine Beyens
- a Amsterdam School of Communication Research , University of Amsterdam
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Long X, van der Sanden E, Prevoo Y, ten Hoor L, den Boer S, Gelissen J, Otte R, Zwartkruis-Pelgrim E. An efficient heuristic method for infant in/out of bed detection using video-derived motion estimates. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aab85f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Steur LMH, Visser EH, Grootenhuis MA, Terwee CB, Kaspers GJL, van Litsenburg RRL. Psychometric properties and Dutch norm values of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire in toddlers. Sleep Med 2017; 34:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Steur LMH, Kolk RHE, Mooij F, de Vries R, Grootenhuis MA, Kaspers GJL, Van Litsenburg RRL. The prevalence and risk factors of sleep problems in pediatric oncology: its effect on quality of life during and after cancer treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23809000.2016.1168265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M. H. Steur
- Department of pediatric oncology-hematology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roos H. E. Kolk
- Department of pediatric oncology-hematology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floor Mooij
- Department of pediatric oncology-hematology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph de Vries
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martha A. Grootenhuis
- Psychosocial department, Emma Childrens’ Hospital, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Psycho-oncology Research Group, Princess Máxima Center for pediatric oncology Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan J. L. Kaspers
- Department of pediatric oncology-hematology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Director of Academy, Princess Máxima Center for pediatric oncology Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Sleep deprivation and sleep disorders are commonly seen in children and adolescents. They are often undiagnosed and undertreated. A balance of circadian rhythm and homeostatic drive determine sleep quality, quantity, and timing, which changes across the developmental years. Environmental and lifestyle factors can affect sleep quality and quantity and lead to sleep deprivation. A comprehensive assessment of sleep disorders includes parental report, children's self-report, and school functioning. Diagnostic tools are used in diagnosing and treating sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirshendu Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Ronak Jhaveri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Alok Banga
- Sierra Vista Hospital, 8001 Bruceville Road, Sacramento, CA 95823, USA
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Vallido T, Jackson D, OâBrien L. Nursesâ management of adolescent sleep disturbance: a qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2010; 19:324-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Souza LCNAD, Viegas CADA. Quality of sleep and pulmonary function in clinically stable adolescents with sickle cell anemia. J Bras Pneumol 2008; 33:275-81. [PMID: 17906788 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132007000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate quality of sleep and pulmonary function in clinically stable adolescents with sickle cell anemia (SCA). METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study involving 50 patients with SCA submitted to nocturnal polysomnography and spirometry at the Brasília University Hospital. Anthropometric, polysomnographic and pulmonary function data were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep: SpO2 < 93%; and SpO2 > 93%. Descriptive statistics, Student's t-test, chi-square test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. RESULTS Mean age was 13.9 +/- 2.5 years. Total sleep time and REM sleep percentage were lower, whereas REM sleep latency, the number of awakenings, movement during sleep, changes in sleep stage, sleep-disordered breathing index and obstructive apnea index were higher. Two patients (4%) did not present REM. There were statistically significant differences between the groups in most of the polysomnographic variables. The SpO2 in REM sleep presented a strong positive correlation with waking SpO2 and with SpO2 in non-REM sleep, whereas it presented a strong negative correlation with the percentage of total sleep time during which SPO2 was < 90%. Mean spirometric values were within normal ranges. Residual volume and the residual volume/total lung capacity/functional residual capacity ratio were elevated. CONCLUSION Sleep impairment in clinically stable patients with SCA is probably due to hemoglobin desaturation and not to individual alterations in pulmonary function.
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Koulouglioti C, Cole R, Kitzman H. Inadequate Sleep and Unintentional Injuries in Young Children. Public Health Nurs 2008; 25:106-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2008.00687.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Na perspectiva de descrever alguns aspectos da ontogênese e da organização dos estados de sono no primeiro ano de vida, revisou-se na literatura as alterações fisiológicas e comportamentais controladas pelas mudanças que ocorrem durante o sono nessa etapa desenvolvimental. Além disso, com fundamentação na teoria precursora do sono, expõe-se as etapas da diferenciação, a classificação e a organização temporal dos estados de sono, com vistas ao manejo favorável dos eventos ambientais, que afetam a organização do sono infantil.
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Jamison JR, Davies NJ. Chiropractic Management of Cow's Milk Protein Intolerance in Infants With Sleep Dysfunction Syndrome: A Therapeutic Trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2006; 29:469-74. [PMID: 16904494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2006.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2005] [Revised: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In addition to the more usual cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and respiratory problems, infants with cow's milk intolerance (CMI) may present with a disturbed sleep pattern. Frustrated mothers may turn to their doctor of chiropractic for assistance. This pilot study shows how a therapeutic trial may offer a realistic, noninvasive approach to the chiropractic management of infants with this clinical problem. METHODS A pilot study to describe the presentation and treatment of infants presenting with disturbed sleep patterns to a chiropractic clinic was undertaken. Infants fulfilling a clinical screening protocol for CMI were selected for a therapeutic trial. The sleep behavior of subjects was monitored over a 4-week period during which they were managed by dietary change and a high-impulse, low-amplitude whole-of-body chiropractic management protocol. RESULTS Fifty-nine infants presented with disturbed sleep. Of these, 19 met the clinical criteria used to establish the diagnosis CMI. The mothers of breast-fed infants were counseled on how to implement a dairy-free diet, and those infants who were artificially fed were changed from cow's milk-based formulae to either a partially or wholly hydrolyzed formula. Fourteen achieved a stable sleep pattern within the study period. In 5 instances, the sleep pattern remained problematic, but other clinical evidence of hypersensitivity reactions attributable to CMI disappeared. By the end of the study, no subject had demonstrable evidence of either biomechanical derangement or functional neurologic imbalance. CONCLUSION CMI should be considered as a possibility in infants with disturbed sleep patterns who present for chiropractic care. This study describes how a therapeutic trial involving dietary modification, parental counseling, and comprehensive chiropractic care may offer a noninvasive approach to excluding and/or managing this condition. Further research is required before definitive recommendations can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Jamison
- School of Chiropractic, Division of Health Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia
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Shang CY, Gau SSF, Soong WT. Association between childhood sleep problems and perinatal factors, parental mental distress and behavioral problems. J Sleep Res 2006; 15:63-73. [PMID: 16490004 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00492.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of age, gender and perinatal risk factors on the risks for sleep problems, and investigate the relation between childhood sleep problems and children's behavioral syndromes and parental mental distress in early and middle childhood. We recruited a representative sample of 1391 children, ages 4-9, from nine kindergartens and three elementary schools by using a multistage sampling method. Parents of child participants completed a questionnaire including perinatal risk factors, sleep habits and problems, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ). A mixed model was used for data analysis to address cluster effect from the same classes and schools. Results showed that boys suffered from more sleep problems than girls. Early insomnia, sleep terrors and enuresis decreased with ages, but sleepwalking increased with ages. Perinatal exposure to alcohol, coffee and non-prescribed medication, vaginal bleeding, artificial delivery, first-born order and higher parental CHQ score (> or =4) were significantly associated with several childhood sleep problems. In addition, children with sleep problems had higher T-scores of the eight behavioral syndromes derived from the CBCL. Our findings indicated that the childhood sleep problems were associated with perinatal risk factors, parental psychopathology and children's behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yung Shang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Sleep is an important and necessary function of the human body. Somatic growth and cellular repair occur during sleep. Critically ill children have disturbed sleep while in the pediatric intensive care unit related both to the illness itself and to light, noise, and caregiver activities disrupting an environment conducive to sleep. Medications administered in the pediatric intensive care unit can also disrupt sleep. This article reviews what is known about sleep in the pediatric intensive care unit and the effects of common sedation medications on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret-Ann Carno
- University of Rochester School of Nursing, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box SON, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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Thome M, Skuladottir A. Changes in sleep problems, parents distress and impact of sleep problems from infancy to preschool age for referred and unreferred children. Scand J Caring Sci 2005; 19:86-94. [PMID: 15877633 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2005.00322.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article compares and describes changes in sleep problems in 3- to 5-year-old Icelandic children referred and unreferred for sleep problems in infancy and explores changes in parents' distress and the impact of children's sleep problems on families over time. The sample consisted of a clinical group (n = 31) that had been referred to a sleep-disorder clinic in infancy, and a comparative group (n = 150) of age-matched unreferred community children. Self-report scales assessed infant/child sleep pattern, the impact of the sleep problem on family life and parents' distress. Results showed that about half the children in the community group have had a sleep problem in infancy. Nightwakings improved in both the referred and unreferred group over time but remained more frequent in the unreferred group. The referred group had significantly more settling problems in infancy than the other group but settling improved markedly over time. Parents of referred children were more fatigued compared with others despite improvement of children's sleep problems over time. Mothers of referred children were however, less likely to perceive the sleep problem as troublesome for family life than the others. It is concluded that parents of referred children are more fatigued than parents of unreferred children and nightwakings are more likely to persist in children who had sleep problems in infancy than in those with no such problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marga Thome
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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