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Dong J, Bai T, Dai Y, Zhang X, Fan J, Hu Y, Song X, Ma Y, Miao L, Shi Q, Li Z. Half-life determination of 111Ag. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 194:110689. [PMID: 36731389 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
111Ag is a radionuclide that can be generated by neutron capture on 110Pd and whose decay properties and production feasibility make it a potential therapeutic agent against arthritis. Due to the discrepancies of recent published values of the half-life of 111Ag with previous published works which are not thoroughly documented for detailed experiment procedures and uncertainty budgets evaluation, an independent redetermination of the 111Ag half-life value is required. In this work, a solid 111Ag source was prepared and repeatedly measured in a high purity Germanium (HPGe) detector to determine its half-life. In total, more than fifty measurements were performed over a period of 26.3 days, corresponding to ∼3.5 half-lives of 111Ag. The experimental method and corresponding uncertainty budget are presented. The result of 7.419(15) days is consistent with the recently published value, 7.423(13) days, by Collins et al. and deviates by 0.418% from the currently recommended value 7.45(1) days. A new recommend half-life value of 7.437(7) days was determined utilizing all available experimental values by a power-moderated mean (PMM) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangpeng Dong
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China.
| | - Tao Bai
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Yihua Dai
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Xiangbo Zhang
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Jinlong Fan
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Yaowen Hu
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Xiaojing Song
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Liangliang Miao
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Quanlin Shi
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
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2
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Sadler AWE, Hogan L, Fraser B, Rendina LM. Cutting edge rare earth radiometals: prospects for cancer theranostics. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2022; 7:21. [PMID: 36018527 PMCID: PMC9418400 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-022-00173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With recent advances in novel approaches to cancer therapy and imaging, the application of theranostic techniques in personalised medicine has emerged as a very promising avenue of research inquiry in recent years. Interest has been directed towards the theranostic potential of Rare Earth radiometals due to their closely related chemical properties which allow for their facile and interchangeable incorporation into identical bifunctional chelators or targeting biomolecules for use in a diverse range of cancer imaging and therapeutic applications without additional modification, i.e. a “one-size-fits-all” approach. This review will focus on recent progress and innovations in the area of Rare Earth radionuclides for theranostic applications by providing a detailed snapshot of their current state of production by means of nuclear reactions, subsequent promising theranostic capabilities in the clinic, as well as a discussion of factors that have impacted upon their progress through the theranostic drug development pipeline. Main body In light of this interest, a great deal of research has also been focussed towards certain under-utilised Rare Earth radionuclides with diverse and favourable decay characteristics which span the broad spectrum of most cancer imaging and therapeutic applications, with potential nuclides suitable for α-therapy (149Tb), β−-therapy (47Sc, 161Tb, 166Ho, 153Sm, 169Er, 149Pm, 143Pr, 170Tm), Auger electron (AE) therapy (161Tb, 135La, 165Er), positron emission tomography (43Sc, 44Sc, 149Tb, 152Tb, 132La, 133La), and single photon emission computed tomography (47Sc, 155Tb, 152Tb, 161Tb, 166Ho, 153Sm, 149Pm, 170Tm). For a number of the aforementioned radionuclides, their progression from ‘bench to bedside’ has been hamstrung by lack of availability due to production and purification methods requiring further optimisation. Conclusions In order to exploit the potential of these radionuclides, reliable and economical production and purification methods that provide the desired radionuclides in high yield and purity are required. With more reactors around the world being decommissioned in future, solutions to radionuclide production issues will likely be found in a greater focus on linear accelerator and cyclotron infrastructure and production methods, as well as mass separation methods. Recent progress towards the optimisation of these and other radionuclide production and purification methods has increased the feasibility of utilising Rare Earth radiometals in both preclinical and clinical settings, thereby placing them at the forefront of radiometals research for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leena Hogan
- ANSTO Life Sciences, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Benjamin Fraser
- ANSTO Life Sciences, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Kirrawee, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Louis M Rendina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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3
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Benešová M, Reischl G. Production of radionuclides: Cyclotrons and reactors. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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4
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Şekerci M, Özdoğan H, Kaplan A. Effects of deuteron optical models on the cross-section calculations of deuteron induced reactions on natural germanium. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 176:109875. [PMID: 34311220 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A common feature of scientific studies is that when experimental observation data are not available, theoretical calculations are used to obtain information about the subject under investigation. In this context, many parameters and theoretical models have been developed that can be used in nuclear physics studies just as it is in other branches of sciences. It is intended that by doing so, theoretical models can be improved using recent experimental data while also learning about outcomes where experimental data is unavailable or difficult to access. Among the many theoretical models available, there are also deuteron optical models whose effects are examined in this study. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of different deuteron optical models on the cross-section calculations of deuteron induced reactions on natural germanium. The cross-section values of natGe(d,x)70As, natGe(d,x)71As, natGe(d,x)72As, natGe(d,x)73As, natGe(d,x)74As and natGe(d,x)76As reactions were calculated using five deuteron optical models in the TALYS code's v1.95 for this aim, and the results were compared to the experimental data available in the database known as Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data (EXFOR) library. Graphics and quantitative analyses were also used to present the findings and interpretations of the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Şekerci
- Süleyman Demirel University, Department of Physics, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - H Özdoğan
- Antalya Bilim University, Vocational School, Department of Medical Imaging Techniques Program, 07190, Antalya, Turkey
| | - A Kaplan
- Süleyman Demirel University, Department of Physics, 32260, Isparta, Turkey.
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5
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Attallah MF, Shahr El-Din AM, Gizawy MA, Ali AMI. Efficient trace-scale extraction method of reactor produced 199Au adequate for nuclear medicine applications. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2020-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Production of no carrier-added (NCA) 199Au through natPt(n, γ) reaction and subsequent purification using liquid-liquid extraction from other radioisotopes is studied in the context of theranostic application. Comparative separation of NCA 199Au after dissolution of activated Pt target using three Cyanex compounds (Cyanex-272, Cyanex-302 and Cyanex-923) is evaluated. The extraction process is optimized in terms of the type of extractant, the concentration of extractant, extraction time and aqueous media (HNO3, NH4OH). Among these extractants, the Cynaex-923 is efficient and promising for rapid separation and production of NCA 199Au from HNO3 by high extraction %. Selective extraction of 199Au from other Pt and Ir radioisotopes is observed. High recovery of 199Au was obtained in the case of Cyanex-923 using 0.05 M thiourea dissolved in HCl or 2 M NaOH. Our results find the Cyanex-923 as a promising extractant for efficient separation of 199Au from irradiated Pt target with high yield (99%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Attallah
- Analytical Chemistry and Control Department , Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt , P.O. Box 13759 , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Shahr El-Din
- Analytical Chemistry and Control Department , Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt , P.O. Box 13759 , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Gizawy
- Radioisotopes Production Facility (RPF), Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt , P.O. Box 13759 , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Amal M. I. Ali
- Technology of Nuclear Fuel Department , Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt , 13759 Abu Zaabal , Cairo , Egypt
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6
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Tosato M, Asti M, Dalla Tiezza M, Orian L, Häussinger D, Vogel R, Köster U, Jensen M, Andrighetto A, Pastore P, Marco VD. Highly Stable Silver(I) Complexes with Cyclen-Based Ligands Bearing Sulfide Arms: A Step Toward Silver-111 Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:10907-10919. [PMID: 32658468 PMCID: PMC8009516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
With a half-life of 7.45 days, silver-111 (βmax 1.04 MeV, Eγ 245.4 keV [Iγ 1.24%], Eγ 342.1 keV [Iγ 6.7%]) is a promising candidate for targeted cancer therapy with β- emitters as well as for associated SPECT imaging. For its clinical use, the development of suitable ligands that form sufficiently stable Ag+-complexes in vivo is required. In this work, the following sulfur-containing derivatives of tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) have been considered as potential chelators for silver-111: 1,4,7,10-tetrakis(2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO4S), (2S,5S,8S,11S)-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetrakis(2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO4S4Me), 1,4,7-tris(2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO3S), 1,4,7-tris(2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl)-10-acetamido-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO3SAm), and 1,7-bis(2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl)-4,10,diacetic acid-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO2A2S). Natural Ag+ was used in pH/Ag-potentiometric and UV-vis spectrophotometric studies to determine the metal speciation existing in aqueous NaNO3 0.15 M at 25 °C and the equilibrium constants of the complexes, whereas NMR and DFT calculations gave structural insights. Overall results indicated that sulfide pendant arms coordinate Ag+ allowing the formation of very stable complexes, both at acidic and physiological pH. Furthermore, radiolabeling, stability in saline phosphate buffer, and metal-competition experiments using the two ligands forming the strongest complexes, DO4S and DO4S4Me, were carried out with [111Ag]Ag+ and promising results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Tosato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mattia Asti
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marco Dalla Tiezza
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Orian
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johannsring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Vogel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johannsring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulli Köster
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Mikael Jensen
- The Hevesy Laboratory, Department Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Alberto Andrighetto
- Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Legnaro National Laboratories, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Paolo Pastore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Valerio Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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7
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Attallah MF, Gizawy MA, Shamsel-Din HA, Mohamed NMA, Ali AMI. Assessment of reactor-produced 199Au as a promising theranostic radionuclide and subsequent separation from platinum target. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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8
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Aleshin GY, Egorova BV, Priselkova AB, Zamurueva LS, Khabirova SY, Zubenko AD, Karnoukhova VA, Fedorova OA, Kalmykov SN. Zinc and copper complexes with azacrown ethers and their comparative stability in vitro and in vivo. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6249-6258. [PMID: 32329503 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00645a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper-based radiopharmaceuticals are of high interest these days owing to the decay properties of copper radioisotopes. In contrast, labeled zinc compounds have been less studied for applications in nuclear medicine. In this study, the stability of labeled zinc and copper complexes with two azacrown ether ligands was investigated and compared. Then, the in vitro and in vivo stability of the studied zinc complexes was demonstrated, with the complexes showing promise for biomedical applications. In contrast, analogous copper complexes quickly dissociated in the presence of serum proteins. Furthermore, a simple method for the production of radiochemically pure 65Zn was proposed, and the opportunity for its use as a surrogate radionuclide for research into potential zinc-containing radiopharmaceuticals was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Yu Aleshin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Bayirta V Egorova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna B Priselkova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Lyubov S Zamurueva
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Sofia Yu Khabirova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Anastasia D Zubenko
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Vavilova, 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A Karnoukhova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Vavilova, 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga A Fedorova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Vavilova, 28, GSP-1, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stepan N Kalmykov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, Russian Federation. and National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123098 Akademika Kurchatova sqr., 1, Moscow, Russian Federation
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9
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Ermert J, Benešová M, Hugenberg V, Gupta V, Spahn I, Pietzsch HJ, Liolios C, Kopka K. Radiopharmaceutical Sciences. Clin Nucl Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-39457-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Mass Spectrometry Reveals Complexing Properties of Modified PNP-Lariat Ether Containing Benzyl Derivative of (S)-Prolinamine. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 25:molecules25010136. [PMID: 31905750 PMCID: PMC6983243 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the investigation presented here the synthesis of new lariat ether derivative obtained from the modification of tetrapyrrolidinyl-PNP-crown ether macrocycle is described. The polyheterotopic molecular coreceptor consisted of the replacement of chlorine atoms with an optically active (S)-(1-benzylpyrrolidin-2-yl) methanamine. The structure was confirmed by using elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy. This work covers results concerning the complexing properties of the new ligand towards Ag+, Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ ions. The formation of non-covalent complexes of 1:1 stoichiometry with the Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ ions have been confirmed by mass spectrometry. Due to the previous work and application possibilities, a large emphasis was put on the investigation of the complexation ability of lariat ether with silver (I) cation to determine stability constants by direct potentiometric method. In this case, the formation of four different forms of complexes AgL, Ag2L, Ag3L, and Ag4L has been proved. The observed unusual binding through the nitrogen atoms from the exocyclic substituents may provide the structural unit to build a new coordination polymers.
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11
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Mikolajczak R, van der Meulen NP, Lapi SE. Radiometals for imaging and theranostics, current production, and future perspectives. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:615-634. [PMID: 31137083 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to make the reader familiar with currently available radiometals, their production modes, capacities, and quality concerns related to their medical use, as well as new emerging radiometals and irradiation technologies from the perspective of their diagnostic and theranostic applications. Production methods of 177 Lu serve as an example of various issues related to the production yield, specific activity, radionuclidic and chemical purity, and production economy. Other radiometals that are currently used or explored for potential medical applications, with particular focus on their theranostic value, are discussed. Using radiometals for diagnostic imaging and therapy is on the rise. The high demand for radiometals for medical use prompts investigations towards using alternative irradiation reactions, while using existing nuclear reactors and accelerator facilities. This review discusses these production capacities and what is necessary to cover the growing demand for theranostic nuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Mikolajczak
- Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock, Poland
| | | | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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12
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Radiochemical processing of nuclear-reactor-produced radiolanthanides for medical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Mastren T, Radchenko V, Engle JW, Weidner JW, Owens A, Wyant LE, Copping R, Brugh M, Nortier FM, Birnbaum ER, John KD, Fassbender ME. Chromatographic separation of the theranostic radionuclide 111Ag from a proton irradiated thorium matrix. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 998:75-82. [PMID: 29153089 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Column chromatographic methods have been developed to separate no-carrier-added 111Ag from proton irradiated thorium targets and associated fission products as an ancillary process to an existing 225Ac separation design. Herein we report the separation of 111Ag both prior and subsequent to 225Ac recovery using CL resin, a solvent impregnated resin (SIR) that carries an organic solution of alkyl phosphine sulfides (R3P = S) and alkyl phosphine oxides (R3P = O). The recovery yield of 111Ag was 93 ± 9% with a radiochemical purity of 99.9% (prior) and 87 ± 9% with a radiochemical purity of 99.9% (subsequent to) 225Ac recovery. Both processes were successfully performed with insignificant impacts on 225Ac yields or quality. Measured equilibrium distribution coefficients for silver and ruthenium (a residual contaminant) on CL resin in hydrochloric and nitric acid media are reported, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time. Additionally, measured cross sections for the production of 111Ag and 110mAg for the 232Th(p,f)110m,111Ag reactions are reported within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Mastren
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - John W Weidner
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Allison Owens
- Nuclear Security and Isotope Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Lance E Wyant
- Nuclear Security and Isotope Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Roy Copping
- Nuclear Security and Isotope Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Mark Brugh
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - F Meiring Nortier
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Eva R Birnbaum
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Kevin D John
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Michael E Fassbender
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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14
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Oláh Z, Kremmer T, Vogg A, Varga Z, Szűcs Z, Neumaier B, Dóczi R. Novel ion exchange chromatography method for nca arsenic separation. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 122:111-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Palliative treatment of metastatic bone pain with radiopharmaceuticals: A perspective beyond Strontium-89 and Samarium-153. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 110:87-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Vimalnath KV, Chakraborty S, Dash A. Reactor production of no-carrier-added 199Au for biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15407g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation described development of a technology for the reactor production of no-carrier-added (NCA) 199Au using natural Pt target followed by chemical separation of 199Au employing liquid–liquid extraction (LLX) using ethyl acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. V. Vimalnath
- Isotope Production and Applications Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Isotope Production and Applications Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Isotope Production and Applications Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai
- India
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17
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Bodnar EN, Dikiy MP, Medvedeva EP. Photonuclear production and antitumor effect of radioactive cisplatin (195mPt). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Production of high specific activity radiolanthanides for medical purposes using the UC Irvine TRIGA reactor. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Chakravarty R, Das T, Venkatesh M, Dash A. An electro-amalgamation approach to produce 175Yb suitable for radiopharmaceutical applications. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2012. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2012.1915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
175Yb is a prospective reactor produced radionuclide suitable for preparation of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. However, a major restraint in the use of 175Yb produced via the (n, γ) reaction, for therapeutic applications, is the presence of longer-lived 177Lu impurity which is co-produced along with 175Yb on irradiation of natural Yb2O3 target. A radiochemical separation procedure adopting electro-amalgamation approach for the removal of 177Lu impurity from 175Yb has been critically evaluated. The experimental parameters such as applied potential, electrolysis time and the pH of the electrolyte, affecting the electrochemical separation process, were studied and optimized. The developed radiochemical procedure was extensively tested for purification of up to 15 GBq of 175Yb. The purified 175Yb could be obtained in HCl medium with ∼95% yield. The 177Lu impurity could not be detected in the purified product and 175Yb was found suitable for the preparation of potential radiotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tapas Das
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, Indien
| | - Meera Venkatesh
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, Indien
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Polymer Embedded Nanocrystalline Titania: A New Generation Sorbent for the Separation of 77As from Ge for Biomedical Applications. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lima LM, Delgado R, Marques F, Gano L, Santos I. TETA analogue containing one methylenephosphonate pendant arm: Lanthanide complexes and biological evaluation of its 153Sm and 166Ho complexes. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5621-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ballester F, Granero D, Perez-Calatayud J, Venselaar JLM, Rivard MJ. Study of encapsulated T170m sources for their potential use in brachytherapy. Med Phys 2010; 37:1629-37. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3360441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Das T, Chakraborty S, Banerjee S, Sarma HD, Samuel G, Venkatesh M. Preparation and preliminary biological evaluation of a 177Lu labeled nitroimidazole derivative for possible use in targeted tumor therapy. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2006.94.6.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Summary
The preparation and preliminary biological evaluation of a metronidazole-BFCA (bifunctional chelating agent) conjugate labeled with 177Lu is reported. Metronidazole, a well known hypoxia marker has been suitably derivatized and coupled with a polyazamacrocyclic BFCA, namely, para-aminobenzyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (p-amino-benzyl-DOTA). 177Lu, which is presently being considered as one of the pivotal radionuclides for targeted therapy was produced in adequate specific activity (∼185 TBq/g) and high radionuclidic purity (99.99%) by irradiating enriched (60.6% 176Lu) Lu2O3 target at a moderate thermal neutron flux of 3×1013 n/cm2/s. The metronidazole-BFCA conjugate was radiolabeled with 177Lu in high radiochemical purity (97%). Preliminary biodistribution studies carried out in Swiss mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumors revealed good tumor uptake (1.30% ID/g at 30 min post-injection) with rapid renal clearance (94.48% ID at 30 min post-injection) and significant tumor to blood (28.00 at 3 h post-injection) and tumor to muscle (14.00 at 3 h post-injection) ratios.
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Marques F, Gano L, Campello MP, Lacerda S, Santos I. Biological evaluation of 153Sm and 166Ho complexes with tetraazamacrocycles containing methylcarboxylate and/or methylphosphonate pendant arms. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2007.95.6.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
153Sm and 166Ho complexes with two series of tetraazamacrocyclic ligands containing methylcarboxylate and/or methylphosphonate pendant arms were synthesized and their charge, lipophilicity, protein binding and in vitro and in vivo behaviour evaluated. The first series has the same backbone, a 14-membered tetraazamacrocycle containing a pyridine unit with different pendant arms, namely methylcarboxylates (ac3py14) or methylphosphonates (MeP2py14 and P3py14). The second series comprises 12- to 14-membered tetraazamacrocycles having methylcarboxylates and/or methylphosphonates as pendant arms (trans-DO2A2P, TRITA, TRITP, TETA and TETP). The 153Sm/166Ho complexes with the 14-membered tetraazamacrocycles containing the pyridine unit are neutral, hydrophilic, have a significant plasmatic protein binding, are unstable in vivo and present a slow rate of radioactivity excretion and high hepatic retention. 153Sm/166Ho complexes with the 12- to 14-membered tetraazamacrocycles are quantitatively prepared, except those with TETP. These complexes are hydrophilic, have an overall negative charge and present a medium to low plasmatic protein binding.
The 153Sm/166Ho- trans-DO2A2P, 153Sm/166Ho-TRITA and 166Ho-TRITP complexes are stable in vitro and in vivo, presenting a rapid clearance from main organs and a high rate of whole body radioactivity excretion. Biological profile of 153Sm/166Ho-TRITA complexes makes them promising candidates for therapy when conjugated to a biomolecule, while 166Ho-TRITP is potentially useful for bone targeting due to its considerable uptake by bone.
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Cross sections for production of the therapeutic radioisotopes 198Au and 199Au in proton and deuteron induced reactions on 198Pt. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.92.4.223.35588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The possible production of the therapeutic radioisotopes 198Au and 199Au using charged particle reactions at cyclotrons was investigated. For the first time, excitation functions for the 198Pt(p,n)198gAu, 198Pt(d,2n)198m,gAu and 198Pt(d,x) 199Au nuclear reactions were measured up to 40 MeV proton and 20 MeV deuteron energies. The results were compared with calculations performed with the computer code ALICE-IPPE. Acceptable overall agreement was obtained. Production and product quality parameters are discussed on the basis of the measured cross sections and from the deduced integral yields.
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Zhernosekov K, Perego R, Dvorakova Z, Henkelmann R, Türler A. Target burn-up corrected specific activity of 177Lu produced via 176Lu(n, γ) 177Lu nuclear reactions. Appl Radiat Isot 2008; 66:1218-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chattopadhyay S, Vimalnath K, Saha S, Korde A, Sarma H, Pal S, Das MK. Preparation and evaluation of a new radiopharmaceutical for radiosynovectomy, 111Ag-labelled hydroxyapatite (HA) particles. Appl Radiat Isot 2008; 66:334-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2007.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2007] [Revised: 09/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Talamo A, Gohar Y. Production of medical radioactive isotopes using KIPT electron driven subcritical facility. Appl Radiat Isot 2008; 66:577-86. [PMID: 18280745 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Revised: 12/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology (KIPT) of Ukraine in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has a plan to construct an electron accelerator driven subcritical assembly. One of the facility objectives is the production of medical radioactive isotopes. This paper presents the ANL collaborative work performed for characterizing the facility performance for producing medical radioactive isotopes. First, a preliminary assessment was performed without including the self-shielding effect of the irradiated samples. Then, more detailed investigation was carried out including the self-shielding effect, which defined the sample size and location for producing each medical isotope. In the first part, the reaction rates were calculated as the multiplication of the cross section with the unperturbed neutron flux of the facility. Over fifty isotopes have been considered and all transmutation channels are used including (n, gamma), (n, 2n), (n, p), and (gamma, n). In the second part, the parent isotopes with high reaction rate were explicitly modeled in the calculations. Four irradiation locations were considered in the analyses to study the medical isotope production rate. The results show the self-shielding effect not only reduces the specific activity but it also changes the irradiation location that maximizes the specific activity. The axial and radial distributions of the parent capture rates have been examined to define the irradiation sample size of each parent isotope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Talamo
- Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
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Chattopadhyay S, Pal S, Vimalnath KV, Das MK. A versatile technique for radiochemical separation of medically useful no-carrier-added (nca) radioarsenic from irradiated germanium oxide targets. Appl Radiat Isot 2007; 65:1202-7. [PMID: 17656098 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A method for the separation of no-carrier-added (nca) arsenic radionuclides from bulk amounts of irradiated germanium oxide (GeO2) target was developed in view of their potentialities in different biological and nuclear medicine applications. The beta- emitting 77As radionuclide, produced by the decay of 77Ge through the natGe(n,gamma)77Ge nuclear reaction, was used for standardization of the radiochemical separation procedure. The radiochemical separation was performed by precipitation followed by solvent extraction. About 99% post-irradiation recovery of the GeO2 target material, in a form suitable for reuse in future irradiation, was achieved. The developed method was suitable for the production of nca arsenic radionuclides either as trivalent or pentavalent arsenic in various vehicles which provided flexibility of formulations of different kinds of compound. The overall radiochemical yield for the complete separation of 77As was 90%. The separated nca 77As was of high radionuclidic purity and did not contain detectable amounts of the target material. This method can be adopted for the radiochemical separation of other different arsenic radionuclides produced from GeO2 through cyclotron as well as reactor irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha Chattopadhyay
- Radiopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology (BRIT), Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), 1/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700 064, India.
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Das T, Chakraborty S, Banerjee S, Venkatesh M. On the preparation of a therapeutic dose of 177Lu-labeled DOTA–TATE using indigenously produced 177Lu in medium flux reactor. Appl Radiat Isot 2007; 65:301-8. [PMID: 17110119 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2006] [Revised: 09/01/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
177Lu could be produced with a specific activity of approximately 23,000 mCi/mg (850GBq/mg) by neutron activation using enriched 176Lu (64.3%) target when irradiation was carried out at a thermal neutron flux of 1 x 10(14) n/cm(2)/s for 21 d. 177Lu-DOTA-TATE could be prepared in high radiochemical yield (approximately 99%) and adequate stability using the 177Lu produced indigenously. The average level of radionuclidic impurity burden in 177Lu due to 177mLu was found to be 250 nCi of 177mLu/1 mCi of 177Lu (9.25 kBq/37 MBq) at the end of bombardment, which corresponds to 0.025% of the total activity produced. The maximum specific activity achievable via careful optimization of the irradiation parameters was found to be adequate for the preparation of a therapeutic dose of the radiopharmaceutical. The in-house preparation of this agent using 25 microg (17.41 nmole) of DOTA-TATE and indigenously produced 177Lu (0.8 microg, 4.52 nmole), corresponding to peptide/Lu ratio of 3.85 yielded 98.7% complexation. Allowing possibility of decay due to transportation to users, it has been possible to demonstrate that at our end, a single patient dose of 150-200 mCi (5.55-7.40 GBq) can be prepared by using 250-333 microg of DOTA-TATE conjugate. This amount compares well with 177Lu-DOTA-TATE prepared for a typical peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) procedure which makes use of 100 microg of the DOTA-TATE conjugate, which incorporates 50 mCi (1.85 GBq) of 177Lu activity, thereby implying that in order to achieve a single patient dose of 150-200 mCi (5.55-7.40 GBq), 300-400 microg of the conjugate needs to be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India
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Chakraborty S, Das T, Banerjee S, Sarma HD, Venkatesh M. Preparation and preliminary biological evaluation of 177Lu-labelled hydroxyapatite as a promising agent for radiation synovectomy of small joints. Nucl Med Commun 2006; 27:661-8. [PMID: 16829766 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200608000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Lutetium-(177)Lu) is considered to be a promising radionuclide for use in radiation synovectomy of small-sized joints owing to its favourable decay characteristics [t(1/2)=6.73 days, E(beta)(max)=0.49 MeV, E(gamma)=113 keV (6.4%), 208 keV (11%)] and feasible and cost-effective production route. Hydroxyapatite particles are regarded as one of the most suitable carriers for applications in radiation synovectomy, and labelling with (177)Lu has been envisaged. The present work describes the preparation and preliminary biological evaluation of (177)Lu-labelled hydroxyapatite particles. METHODS (177)Lu-labelled hydroxyapatite particles were prepared using (177)Lu produced by thermal neutron irradiation of a natural (2.6% (177)Lu) Lu(2)O(3) target and hydroxyapatite particles (particle size, 2-10 microm) prepared in-house. The biological efficacy of the radiolabelled preparation was tested by recording serial gamma scintigraphic images after injecting the agent in both normal and arthritic knee joints of Wistar rats. RESULTS (177)Lu-hydroxyapatite was prepared with high yield and high radiochemical purity (approximately 99%) and the radiolabelled particles showed excellent in-vitro stability at room temperature. Serial scintigraphic images of normal and arthritic Wistar rats showed complete retention of activity within the synovial cavity, with no measurable activity leaching out from the joint until 168 h post-injection. CONCLUSION Studies with (177)Lu-hydroxyapatite indicate its potential for use as an agent for radiation synovectomy of digital joints, as a viable alternative to (169)Er-based agents. The results also demonstrate the possibility of preparing a large number of patient doses of (177)Lu-hydroxyapatite from indigenously produced (177)Lu using a natural target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Chakraborty
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division bRadiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Banerjee S, Das T, Chakraborty S, Samuel G, Korde A, Venkatesh M, Pillai MRA. An estradiol-conjugate for radiolabelling with 177Lu: an attempt to prepare a radiotherapeutic agent. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:4315-22. [PMID: 15927837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2004] [Revised: 03/24/2005] [Accepted: 04/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
177Lu is presently being considered as one of the most promising radionuclide for targeted therapy owing to its suitable decay characteristics. 177Lu in high radionuclidic purity (99.99%) and moderate specific activity (100-110 TBq/g) was produced using enriched (60.6% 176Lu) Lu2O3 target. The macrocycle 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) is known to form stable complexes with lanthanides. Herein, we describe a novel attempt to introduce 177Lu in the estradiol moiety through a steroidal-BFCA (Bifunctional Chelating Agent) conjugate. The preparation of a steroid conjugate via coupling of 6alpha-amino-17beta-estradiol with a C-functionalized DOTA derivative viz. p-NCS-benzyl-DOTA as a BFCA and thereafter the radiolabelling of the conjugate with 177Lu is reported. Biological activity of the resultant estradiol-DOTA conjugate after radiolabelling was studied by carrying out preliminary in vitro cell uptake studies with MCF-7, human breast carcinoma cell line expressing estrogen receptors as well as binding studies with anti-estradiol antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Banerjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Marques F, Paulo A, Campello MP, Lacerda S, Vitor RF, Gano L, Delgado R, Santos I. Radiopharmaceuticals for targeted radiotherapy. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2005; 116:601-4. [PMID: 16604708 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This work intends to find specific radiopharmaceuticals for cancer therapy based on beta (153Sm and 166Ho) or Auger (99Tc(m)) emitter radionuclides, using cyclic and acyclic polyamines as bifunctional chelators. These chelators are designed to allow the binding of a tumour seeking biomolecule and/or a DNA intercalator. The cyclic amines, such as 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid, 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,4,8,11-tetraacetic acid and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotridecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid, were radiolabelled with 153Sm and 166Ho. The radiochemical and biological behaviour of the resulting complexes were evaluated in order to assess their potential as building blocks for the attachment of selected biomolecules, with the aim of further applying them for the development of specific therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Novel pyrazolyldiamines, bearing a DNA intercalating anthracenyl fragment, were also explored to synthesize radioactive complexes with the fac-[99Tc(m)(CO)]3]+ moiety. The identity of these 99Tc(m) tricarbonyl complexes was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography comparison with rhenium congeners fully characterized. By including a DNA intercalator into the chelator framework, we expect to induce more efficient and selective damage to the DNA of cancer cells by the action of the short-range Auger electrons emitted by 99Tc(m).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Marques
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, EN 10, Apartado 21, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal.
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Das T, Chakraborty S, Banerjee S, Mukherjee A, Samuel G, Sarma HD, Nair CKK, Kagiya VT, Venkatesh M. Preparation and preliminary biological evaluation of a 177Lu labeled sanazole derivative for possible use in targeting tumor hypoxia. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:6077-84. [PMID: 15519153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2004] [Revised: 09/06/2004] [Accepted: 09/08/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of a polyazamacrocyclic-nitrotriazole conjugate for radiolabeling with the therapeutic radioisotope viz. (177)Lu is described. The nitroimidazole used for the present study is [N-2'(carboxyethyl)-2-(3'-nitro-1'-triazolyl)acetamide], the carboxylic acid derivative of sanazole, which possesses an optimal combination of desired properties such as, selective toxicity for hypoxic cells, lowered lipophilicity resulting in lowered neurotoxicity. The bifunctional chelating agent is a DOTA derivative viz. 1,4,7,10-tetraaza-1-(4'-aminobenzylacetamido)-cyclododecane-4,7,10- triacetic acid (p-amino-DOTA-anilide). (177)Lu was produced in adequate specific activity (110TBq/g) and high radionuclidic purity (approximately 100%) by irradiating enriched (60.6% (176)Lu) Lu(2)O(3) target and used for radiolabeling of the sanazole-BFCA conjugate. approximately 98% Complexation yield was achieved under optimized conditions. The complex has been characterized by paper chromatography and HPLC studies. Bioevaluation studies in Swiss mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumors revealed moderate tumor uptake (0.88%/g at 1h post-injection) with favorable tumor to blood (4.00 at 1h post-injection) and tumor to muscle (4.63 at 1h post-injection) ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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Smith SV. Molecular imaging with copper-64. J Inorg Biochem 2004; 98:1874-901. [PMID: 15522415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2003] [Revised: 05/30/2004] [Accepted: 06/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is expected to change the face of drug discovery and development. The ability to link imaging to biology for guiding therapy should improve the rate at which novel imaging technologies, probes, contrast agents, drugs and drug delivery systems can be transferred into clinical practice. Nuclear medicine imaging, in particular, positron emission tomography (PET) allows the detection and monitoring of a variety of biological and pathophysiological processes, at tracer quantities of the radiolabelled target agents, and at doses free from pharmacological effects. In the field of drug discovery and development, the use of radiotracers for radiolabelling target agents has now become one of the essential tools in identifying, screening and development of new target agents. In this regard, (64)Cu (t(1/2)=12.7 h) has been identified as an emerging PET isotope. Its half-life is sufficiently long for radiolabelling a range of target agents and its ease of production and adaptable chemistry make it an excellent radioisotope for use in molecular imaging. This review describes recent advances, in the routes of (64)Cu production, design and application of bi-functional ligands for use in radiolabelling with (64/67)Cu(2+), and their significance and anticipated impact on the field of molecular imaging and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne V Smith
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Private Mail Bag No. 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
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Marques F, Guerra KP, Gano L, Costa J, Campello MP, Lima LMP, Delgado R, Santos I. 153Sm and 166Ho complexes with tetraaza macrocycles containing pyridine and methylcarboxylate or methylphosphonate pendant arms. J Biol Inorg Chem 2004; 9:859-72. [PMID: 15338314 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-004-0587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2004] [Accepted: 07/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A set of tetraaza macrocycles containing pyridine and methylcarboxylate (ac(3)py14) or methylphosphonate (MeP(2)py14 and P(3)py14) pendant arms were prepared and their stability constants with La(3+), Sm(3+), Gd(3+) and Ho(3+) determined by potentiometry at 25 degrees C and 0.10 M ionic strength in NMe(4)NO(3). The metal:ligand ratio for (153)Sm and (166)Ho and for ac(3)py14, MeP(2)py14 and P(3)py14, as well as the pH of the reaction mixtures, were optimized to achieve a chelation efficiency higher than 98%. These radiocomplexes are hydrophilic and have a significant plasmatic protein binding. In vitro stability was studied in physiological solutions and in human serum. All complexes are stable in saline and PBS, but 20% of radiochemical impurities were detected after 24 h of incubation in serum. Biodistribution studies in mice indicated a slow rate of clearance from blood and muscle, a high and rapid liver uptake and a very slow rate of total radioactivity excretion. Some bone uptake was observed for complexes with MeP(2)py14 and P(3)py14, which was enhanced with time and the number of methylphosphonate groups. This biological profile supports the in vitro instability found in serum and is consistent with the thermodynamic stability constants found for these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Marques
- Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal.
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Pillai MRA, Chakraborty S, Das T, Venkatesh M, Ramamoorthy N. Production logistics of 177Lu for radionuclide therapy. Appl Radiat Isot 2003; 59:109-18. [PMID: 12941498 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8043(03)00158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its favourable decay characteristics 177Lu [T(1/2)=6.71 d, Ebeta(max)=497 keV] is an attractive radionuclide for various therapeutic applications. Production of 177Lu using [176Lu (n,gamma)177Lu] reaction by thermal neutron bombardment on natural as well as enriched lutetium oxide target is described. In all, approximately 4 TBq/g (108 Ci/g) of 177Lu was obtained using natural Lu target after 7 d irradiation at 3 x 10(13) n/cm2/s thermal neutron flux while it was approximately 110 TBq/g (3000 Ci/g) of 177Lu when 60.6% enriched 176Lu target was used. In both the cases, radionuclidic purity was approximately 100%, only insignificant quantity of 177mLu [T(1/2)=160.5 d, Ebeta(max)=200 keV] could be detected as the radionuclidic impurity. Production logistics using different routes of production is compared. Possible therapeutic applications of 177Lu are discussed and its merits highlighted by comparison with other therapeutic radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R A Pillai
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
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