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Lu JJ, Xing XX, Qu J, Wu JJ, Hua XY, Zheng MX, Xu JG. Morphological alterations of contralesional hemisphere relate to functional outcomes after stroke. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:3347-3361. [PMID: 37489657 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate poststroke morphological alterations contralesionally and correlations with functional outcomes. Structural magnetic resonance images were obtained from 27 poststroke patients (24 males, 50.21 ± 10.97 years) and 20 healthy controls (13 males, 46.63 ± 12.18 years). Voxel-based and surface-based morphometry analysis were conducted to detect alterations of contralesional grey matter volume (GMV), cortical thickness (CT), gyrification index (GI), sulcus depth (SD), and fractal dimension (FD) in poststroke patients. Partial correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between regions with significant structural differences and scores of clinical assessments, including Modified Barthel Index (MBI), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Correction for multiplicity was conducted within each parameter and for all tests. GMV significantly decreased in the contralesional motor-related, occipital and temporal cortex, limbic system, and cerebellum lobe (P < 0.01, family-wise error [FWE] correction). Lower CT was found in the contralesional precentral and lingual gyrus (P < 0.01, FWE correction), while lower GI found in the contralesional superior temporal gyrus and insula (P < 0.01, FWE correction). There were significant correlations between GMV of contralesional lingual gyrus and MBI (P = 0.031, r = 0.441), and BBS (P = 0.047, r = 0.409) scores, and GMV of contralesional hippocampus and FMA-UE scores (P = 0.048, r = 0.408). In conclusion, stroke patients exhibited wide grey matter loss and cortical morphological changes in the contralesional hemisphere, which correlated with sensorimotor functions and the ability of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Lu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Xin Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Yun Hua
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mou-Xiong Zheng
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Cao H, Liu S, Zhang B, Zhao G, Zhang Z, Li S, Li H, Yu X, Deng H. Brain Structure Measurements Predict Individualized Treatment Outcome of 12-Week Antipsychotic Monotherapies in First-episode Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:697-705. [PMID: 37010371 PMCID: PMC10154710 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Early prediction of treatment response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia remains a challenge in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate if brain morphometries including gray matter volume and cortical thickness could serve as potential predictive biomarkers in first-episode schizophrenia. STUDY DESIGN Sixty-eight drug-naïve first-episode patients underwent baseline structural MRI scans and were subsequently randomized to receive a single antipsychotic throughout the first 12 weeks. Assessments for symptoms and social functioning were conducted by eight "core symptoms" selected from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-8) and the Personal and Social performance scale (PSP) multiple times during follow-ups. Treatment outcome was evaluated as subject-specific slope coefficients for PANSS-8 and PSP scores using linear mixed model. LASSO regression model were conducted to examine the performance of baseline gray matter volume and cortical thickness in prediction of individualized treatment outcome. STUDY RESULTS The study showed that individual brain morphometries at baseline, especially the orbitofrontal, temporal and parietal cortex, pallidum and amygdala, significantly predicted 12-week treatment outcome of PANSS-8 (r[predicted vs observed] = 0.49, P = .001) and PSP (r[predicted vs observed] = 0.40, P = .003) in first-episode schizophrenia. Moreover, the gray matter volume performed better than cortical thickness in the prediction the symptom changes (P = .034), while cortical thickness outperformed gray matter volume in the prediction of outcome of social functioning (P = .029). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide initial evidence that brain morphometry have potential to be used as prognostic predictors for antipsychotic response in patients, encouraging the future investigation of the translational value of these measures in precision psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Hope Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyi Cao
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Shanming Liu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Zhuoqiu Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuiying Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiming Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Hope Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Overs BJ, Roberts G, Ridgway K, Toma C, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Wilcox HC, Hulvershorn LA, Nurnberger JI, Schofield PR, Mitchell PB, Fullerton JM. Effects of polygenic risk for suicide attempt and risky behavior on brain structure in young people with familial risk of bipolar disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2021; 186:485-507. [PMID: 34726322 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with a 20-30-fold increased suicide risk compared to the general population. First-degree relatives of BD patients show inflated rates of psychopathology including suicidal behaviors. As reliable biomarkers of suicide attempts (SA) are lacking, we examined associations between suicide-related polygenic risk scores (PRSs)-a quantitative index of genomic risk-and variability in brain structures implicated in SA. Participants (n = 206; aged 12-30 years) were unrelated individuals of European ancestry and comprised three groups: 41 BD cases, 96 BD relatives ("high risk"), and 69 controls. Genotyping employed PsychArray, followed by imputation. Three PRSs were computed using genome-wide association data for SA in BD (SA-in-BD), SA in major depressive disorder (SA-in-MDD) (Mullins et al., 2019, The American Journal of Psychiatry, 176(8), 651-660), and risky behavior (Karlsson Linnér et al., 2019, Nature Genetics, 51(2), 245-257). Structural magnetic resonance imaging processing employed FreeSurfer v5.3.0. General linear models were constructed using 32 regions-of-interest identified from suicide neuroimaging literature, with false-discovery-rate correction. SA-in-MDD and SA-in-BD PRSs negatively predicted parahippocampal thickness, with the latter association modified by group membership. SA-in-BD and Risky Behavior PRSs inversely predicted rostral and caudal anterior cingulate structure, respectively, with the latter effect driven by the "high risk" group. SA-in-MDD and SA-in-BD PRSs positively predicted cuneus structure, irrespective of group. This study demonstrated associations between PRSs for suicide-related phenotypes and structural variability in brain regions implicated in SA. Future exploration of extended PRSs, in conjunction with a range of biological, phenotypic, environmental, and experiential data in high risk populations, may inform predictive models for suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn J Overs
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gloria Roberts
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Ridgway
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claudio Toma
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Holly C Wilcox
- Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Leslie A Hulvershorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - John I Nurnberger
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janice M Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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Liu Y, Hu A, Chen L, Li B, Zhang M, Xi P, Yang Q, Tang R, Huang Q, He J, Lang Y, Zhang Y. Association between cortical thickness and distinct vascular cognitive impairment and dementia in patients with white matter lesions. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1612-1620. [PMID: 33866642 DOI: 10.1113/ep089419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? White matter lesions (WMLs) are a brain disease characterized by altered brain structural and functional connectivity, but findings have shown an inconsistent pattern: are there distinct cortical thickness changes in patients with WMLs subtypes? What is the main finding and its importance? Patients with WMLs with non-dementia vascular cognitive impairment and WMLs with vascular dementia showed distinct pathophysiology in cortical thickness. These neural correlates of WMLs should be considered in future treatment. ABSTRACT The effect of cortical thickness on white matter lesions (WMLs) in patients with distinct vascular cognitive impairments is relatively unknown. This study investigated the correlation between cortical thickness and vascular cognitive manifestations. WML patients and healthy controls from Beijing Tiantan Hospital between 2014 and 2018 were included. The patients were further divided into two subgroups, namely WMLs with non-dementia vascular cognitive impairment (WML-VCIND) and WMLs with vascular dementia (WML-VaD) according to the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale and the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Changes in cortical thickness were calculated using FreeSurfer. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between cognitive manifestations and cortical thickness in WML patients. Forty-five WML patients and 23 healthy controls were recruited. The WML group exhibited significant difference in cortical thickness compared to the control group. Significantly decreased cortical thickness in the middle and superior frontal gyri, middle temporal gyrus, angular gyrus and insula was found in the WML-VaD versus WML-VCIND subgroup. Cortical thickness deficits of the left caudal middle frontal gyrus (r = 0.451, P = 0.002), left rostral middle frontal gyrus (r = 0.514, P < 0.001), left superior frontal gyrus (r = 0.410, P = 0.006), right middle temporal gyrus (r = 0.440, P = 0.003), right pars triangularis (r = 0.462, P = 0.002), right superior frontal gyrus (r = 0.434, P = 0.004) and right insula (r = 0.499, P = 0.001) were positively correlated with the MoCA score in WML patients. The specific pattern of cortical thickness deficits in the WML-VaD subgroup revealed the pathophysiology of WMLs, which should be considered in future treatment of WMLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Liu
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Anming Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Minjian Zhang
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Xi
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghu Yang
- College of Life Sciences & Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Rongyu Tang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiping He
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiran Lang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Overs BJ, Lenroot RK, Roberts G, Green MJ, Toma C, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Pierce KD, Schofield PR, Mitchell PB, Fullerton JM. Cortical mediation of relationships between dopamine receptor D2 and cognition is absent in youth at risk of bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 309:111258. [PMID: 33529975 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is associated with cognitive deficits and cortical changes for which the developmental dynamics are not well understood. The dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene has been associated with both psychiatric disorders and cognitive variability. Here we examined the mediating role of brain structure in the relationship between DRD2 genomic variation and cognitive performance, with target cortical regions selected based on evidence of association with DRD2, bipolar disorder and/or cognition from prior literature. Participants (n = 143) were aged 12-30 years and comprised 62 first-degree relatives of bipolar patients (deemed 'at-risk'), 55 controls, and 26 patients with established bipolar disorder; all were unrelated Caucasian individuals with complete data across the three required modalities (structural magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological and genetic data). A DRD2 haplotype was derived from three functional polymorphisms (rs1800497, rs1076560, rs2283265) associated with alternative splicing (i.e., D2-short/-long isoforms). Moderated mediation analyses explored group differences in relationships between this DRD2 haplotype, three structural brain networks which subsume the identified cortical regions of interest (frontoparietal, dorsal-attention, and ventral-attention), and three cognitive indices (intelligence, attention, and immediate memory). Controls who were homozygous for the DRD2 major haplotype demonstrated greater cognitive performance as a result of dorsal-attention network mediation. However, this association was absent in the 'at-risk' group. This study provides the first evidence of a functional DRD2-brain-cognition pathway. The absence of typical brain-cognition relationships in young 'at-risk' individuals may reflect biological differences that precede illness onset. Further insight into early pathogenic processes may facilitate targeted early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn J Overs
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Randwick, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Gloria Roberts
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Melissa J Green
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Randwick, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Claudio Toma
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Randwick, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Kerrie D Pierce
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Randwick, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Janice M Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Randwick, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tinnitus loudness is a subjective measure, and it does not directly reflect either tinnitus severity or the impact on daily life. Nevertheless, loud tinnitus may be the most frequent clinical complaint of tinnitus patients. Factors contributing to the loudness of the phantom sound have rarely been studied. We evaluated both matched and self-rated loudness in a large sample of patients with tinnitus and analyzed the influencing factors among demographic, hearing, and tinnitus characteristics. METHODS Two hundred ninety-nine patients with chronic tinnitus were enrolled. We evaluated the matched loudness, minimal masking level (MML), and visual analog scale (VAS) loudness. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed for each loudness measure using independent variables of age, sex, time since tinnitus onset, tinnitus laterality, pure-tone average, tinnitus pitch, tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) score, VAS annoyance, disturbance and daily tinnitus duration, and depression score. We calculated bivariate correlations between each loudness measure and all independent variables. RESULTS The psychoacoustic loudness measures (matched loudness and MML) were highly correlated and were affected by the hearing deficit and tinnitus pitch (Pearson r > 0.5 for pure tone averages, and r > 0.3 for tinnitus pitch for both variables, p < 0.05), whereas the subjective measurement (VAS loudness) exhibited little to no correlation with the other two measures and was related to psycho-emotional factors such as the THI score, VAS variables, and depression (Pearson r > 0.6 for VAS annoyance, r > 0.4 for VAS daily duration and disturbance and THI score, r > 0.3 for the depression score, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The matched tinnitus loudness and MML values were influenced principally by the extent of hearing loss and related factors, suggesting that rehabilitation using hearing aids could help reduce perception of tinnitus loudness. A psycho-emotional approach might more effectively lessen self-perceived loudness.
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Xiong G, Dong D, Cheng C, Jiang Y, Sun X, He J, Li C, Gao Y, Zhong X, Zhao H, Wang X, Yao S. State-independent and -dependent structural alterations in limbic-cortical regions in patients with current and remitted depression. J Affect Disord 2019; 258:1-10. [PMID: 31382099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high recurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) may derive from underlying state-independent structural alterations. METHODS First-episode drug-naïve currently depressed (cMDD) patients (N = 97), remitted depressed (RD) patients (N = 72), and healthy controls (HCs, N = 100) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Group differences in cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA), and local gyrification index (lGI) were analyzed in FreeSurfer. RESULTS Both groups of depressed patients had significantly decreased CT, relative to HCs, in the left precentral gyrus and significantly increased lGI values in the left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) indicative of state-independent alterations. Relative to HCs, the cMDD group had decreased CT of the SFG, caudal middle frontal gyrus (MFG), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and lateral occipital regions as well as increased SA or lGI of the superior temporal gyrus, precuneus, and pericalcarine, whereas the RD group had increased SA or lGI of the SFG, caudal MFG, and supramarginal gyrus; these alterations appeared to be state-dependent. SA or lGI values of the fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, and superior parietal lobule differed between the cMDD and RD groups, consistent with state-dependent alterations. Beck depression inventory scores correlated with CT or lGI values of the caudal MFG, lateral occipital cortex in depressed patients. LIMITATIONS The structural features of several subcortical limbic regions were not analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Left precentral gyrus CT and left SFG gyrification alterations may represent state-independent alterations in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Xiong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Daifeng Dong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chang Cheng
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yali Jiang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jiayue He
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chuting Li
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yidian Gao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xue Zhong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Haofei Zhao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Changes in the regional shape and volume of subcortical nuclei in patients with tinnitus comorbid with mild hearing loss. Neuroradiology 2018; 60:1203-1211. [DOI: 10.1007/s00234-018-2093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sousa SS, Sampaio A, Marques P, Gonçalves ÓF, Crego A. Gray Matter Abnormalities in the Inhibitory Circuitry of Young Binge Drinkers: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1567. [PMID: 28959223 PMCID: PMC5604066 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking (BD) is defined as a pattern of high alcohol intake in a short time followed by periods of abstinence. This behavior is very common in adolescence, a developmental stage characterized by the maturation of the prefrontal and striatal networks, important circuits underlying the capacity to control and regulate the behavior. In this study, we conducted a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis, using a region of interest (ROI) analysis of brain regions associated with inhibitory control and self-regulatory processes, in a group of 36 young college students, 20 binge drinkers (BDs) and 16 alcohol abstinent controls (AAC). Results showed increased gray matter (GM) densities in the left middle frontal gyrus in BDs, when compared with alcohol abstinent controls. Additionally, a ROI-based Pearson analysis documented positive correlations between the left middle frontal gyrus GM densities and the self-control subscale of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), in the BD group. These findings highlight abnormalities in core brain regions associated with self-regulatory processes in the BD group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia S Sousa
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Paulo Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryGuimarães, Portugal
| | - Óscar F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal.,Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CharlestownMA, United States.,Department of Applied Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, BostonMA, United States
| | - Alberto Crego
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
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Foley SF, Tansey KE, Caseras X, Lancaster T, Bracht T, Parker G, Hall J, Williams J, Linden DEJ. Multimodal Brain Imaging Reveals Structural Differences in Alzheimer's Disease Polygenic Risk Carriers: A Study in Healthy Young Adults. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:154-161. [PMID: 27157680 PMCID: PMC5177726 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent genome-wide association studies have identified genetic loci that jointly make a considerable contribution to risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because neuropathological features of AD can be present several decades before disease onset, we investigated whether effects of polygenic risk are detectable by neuroimaging in young adults. We hypothesized that higher polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for AD would be associated with reduced volume of the hippocampus and other limbic and paralimbic areas. We further hypothesized that AD PRSs would affect the microstructure of fiber tracts connecting the hippocampus with other brain areas. METHODS We analyzed the association between AD PRSs and brain imaging parameters using T1-weighted structural (n = 272) and diffusion-weighted scans (n = 197). RESULTS We found a significant association between AD PRSs and left hippocampal volume, with higher risk associated with lower left hippocampal volume (p = .001). This effect remained when the APOE gene was excluded (p = .031), suggesting that the relationship between hippocampal volume and AD is the result of multiple genetic factors and not exclusively variability in the APOE gene. The diffusion tensor imaging analysis revealed that fractional anisotropy of the right cingulum was inversely correlated with AD PRSs (p = .009). We thus show that polygenic effects of AD risk variants on brain structure can already be detected in young adults. CONCLUSIONS This finding paves the way for further investigation of the effects of AD risk variants and may become useful for efforts to combine genotypic and phenotypic data for risk prediction and to enrich future prevention trials of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya F Foley
- Cardiff University Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Wales, United Kingdom; Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Wales, United Kingdom; Central Biotechnology Services, TIME Institute, Wales, United Kingdom.
| | - Katherine E Tansey
- Cardiff University Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Wales, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Caseras
- Cardiff University Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Wales, United Kingdom; Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Lancaster
- Cardiff University Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Wales, United Kingdom; Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Bracht
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Parker
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Cardiff University Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Wales, United Kingdom; Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Williams
- Cardiff University Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - David E J Linden
- Cardiff University Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Wales, United Kingdom; Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Wales, United Kingdom
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11
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Hanford LC, Nazarov A, Hall GB, Sassi RB. Cortical thickness in bipolar disorder: a systematic review. Bipolar Disord 2016; 18:4-18. [PMID: 26851067 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bipolar disorder (BD) is a debilitating illness, the psychopathology of which is associated with aberrant structural and functional differences in the brain. Despite the many advances in psychiatric research, our understanding of the complex neurobiological underpinnings of BD remains incomplete. The aim of this review was to critically examine all available published magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research reporting cortical thickness in BD with respect to a healthy population and/or other psychiatric samples. METHODS The systematic search encompassed all relevant studies published until November 2014. Relevant papers were identified through an online search of select databases (MEDLINE and EMBASE) using key terms bipolar disorder or mania, and cortical thickness. Two independent raters determined the eligibility of papers and performed separate data extraction to ensure quality and accuracy of reporting. RESULTS A total of 17 papers met the criteria and were included in this review. Compared to a healthy population, the majority of studies reported decreased cortical thickness in the left anterior cingulate/paracingulate and the left superior temporal gyrus, as well as several prefrontal regions bilaterally in patients with BD. Studies also show consistency of cortical thinning in individuals with BD and schizophrenia in frontal and temporal regions, suggesting some common neuropathology. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review further supports a link between specific structural brain abnormalities and BD. Future studies should investigate cortical thickness with respect to at-risk populations to determine whether these neuropathologies develop before or after the onset of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay C Hanford
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony Nazarov
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey B Hall
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Roberto B Sassi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Mood Disorders Outpatient Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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12
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Vijayakumar N, Whittle S, Yücel M, Dennison M, Simmons J, Allen NB. Thinning of the lateral prefrontal cortex during adolescence predicts emotion regulation in females. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 9:1845-54. [PMID: 24532701 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nst183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial period for the development of adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Despite the fact that structural maturation of the prefrontal cortex during adolescence is often assumed to underlie the maturation of emotion regulation strategies, no longitudinal studies have directly assessed this relationship. This study examined whether use of cognitive reappraisal strategies during late adolescence was predicted by (i) absolute prefrontal cortical thickness during early adolescence and (ii) structural maturation of the prefrontal cortex between early and mid-adolescence. Ninety-two adolescents underwent baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging scans when they were aged approximately 12 and 16 years, respectively. FreeSurfer software was used to obtain cortical thickness estimates for three prefrontal regions [anterior cingulate cortex; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC); ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC)]. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire was completed when adolescents were aged approximately 19 years. Results showed that greater cortical thinning of the left dlPFC and left vlPFC during adolescence was significantly associated with greater use of cognitive reappraisal in females, though no such relationship was evident in males. Furthermore, baseline left dlPFC thickness predicted cognitive reappraisal at trend level. These findings suggest that cortical maturation may play a role in the development of adaptive emotion regulation strategies during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Vijayakumar
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Murat Yücel
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Meg Dennison
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julian Simmons
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia, and Monash Clinical and Imaging Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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13
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Vijayakumar N, Whittle S, Yücel M, Dennison M, Simmons J, Allen NB. Prefrontal structural correlates of cognitive control during adolescent development: a 4-year longitudinal study. J Cogn Neurosci 2013; 26:1118-30. [PMID: 24345180 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Maturation of cognitive control abilities has been attributed to the protracted structural maturation of underlying neural correlates during adolescence. This study examined the relationship between development of two forms of cognitive control (proactive and reactive control) and structural maturation of the ACC, dorsolateral pFC, and ventrolateral pFC (vlPFC) between early and mid adolescence using a longitudinal design. Adolescents (n = 92) underwent baseline assessments when they were 12 years old and follow-up assessments approximately 4 years later. At each assessment, structural MRI scans were acquired, and a modified Stroop task was performed. Results showed longitudinal improvements in reactive control between early and mid adolescence. Furthermore, magnitude of the improvement in proactive control was associated with reduced thinning of the right vlPFC across the sample, whereas the magnitude of the improvements in reactive control was associated with reduced thinning of the left ACC in men alone. These findings suggest that individual differences in the maturation of ACC and vlPFC underlie the development of two distinct forms of cognitive control between early and mid adolescence as well as highlight sex differences in this relationship.
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14
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Koolschijn PCMP, Crone EA. Sex differences and structural brain maturation from childhood to early adulthood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2013; 5:106-18. [PMID: 23500670 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in structural brain imaging have demonstrated that brain development continues through childhood and adolescence. In the present cross-sectional study, structural MRI data from 442 typically developing individuals (range 8-30) were analyzed to examine and replicate the relationship between age, sex, brain volumes, cortical thickness and surface area. Our findings show differential patterns for subcortical and cortical areas. Analysis of subcortical volumes showed that putamen volume decreased with age and thalamus volume increased with age. Independent of age, males demonstrated larger amygdala and thalamus volumes compared to females. Cerebral white matter increased linearly with age, at a faster pace for females than males. Gray matter showed nonlinear decreases with age. Sex-by-age interactions were primarily found in lobar surface area measurements, with males demonstrating a larger cortical surface up to age 15, while cortical surface in females remained relatively stable with increasing age. The current findings replicate some, but not all prior reports on structural brain development, which calls for more studies with large samples, replications, and specific tests for brain structural changes. In addition, the results point toward an important role for sex differences in brain development, specifically during the heterogeneous developmental phase of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cédric M P Koolschijn
- Institute of Psychology, Brain and Development Lab, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands.
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15
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Dissociable morphometric differences of the inferior parietal lobule in schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2012; 262:579-87. [PMID: 22454243 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-012-0314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inferior parietal lobule (IPL) forms an integral part of a critical frontoparietal network, which has been implicated in various clinical symptoms and cognitive deficits seen in schizophrenia. Despite its functional relevance, the relatively few studies that have investigated the structural changes in the IPL report inconsistent findings concerning the nature and localization of these changes. We employed a blinded, automated labelling procedure to measure cortical thickness, surface area and the degree of cortical folding of the two distinct subregions of the IPL (Angular Gyrus and Supramarginal Gyrus) in 57 patients with schizophrenia and 41 controls using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Within the IPL, we observed more pronounced morphological changes in supramarginal gyrus compared to angular gyrus in schizophrenia. While supramarginal gyrus in patients showed reduced gyrification, contracted surface area and thinning, the morphometric changes in angular gyrus were largely confined to a reduction in surface area. Significant hemispheric asymmetry was observed in the gyrification of the supramarginal gyrus. Our findings suggest that in addition to abnormalities in the neurodevelopmental processes that contribute to regional surface area and cortical thickness, a specific defect in cortical folding, especially affecting the left hemisphere, is likely to occur in schizophrenia.
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16
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Palaniyappan L, Liddle PF. Differential effects of surface area, gyrification and cortical thickness on voxel based morphometric deficits in schizophrenia. Neuroimage 2011; 60:693-9. [PMID: 22227049 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) and Surface Based Morphometry (SBM) are the two most commonly used methods to study the structure of gray matter in various disease states such as schizophrenia. Though overlapping changes have been observed in same datasets using the two procedures, the proportional contribution of the anatomical properties of the cortical mantle such as thickness, surface area and gyrification to the group differences in gray matter volume (GMV) observed using VBM is unknown. In the present study, we investigate the relationship between the GMV and the anatomical properties of the cortical mantle in regions showing significant VBM changes in schizophrenia using a sample of 57 patients and 41 healthy controls. To this end, we obtained significant clusters showing VBM changes in schizophrenia and studied the contribution of the three anatomical properties derived from SBM to the observed group differences in the GMV using a multiple mediation analysis. Our results suggest that while SBM measures make distinct but regionally variable contribution to the VBM differences, a large proportion of the group difference observed using VBM is not explained by the individual surface anatomical properties. While VBM may be more sensitive in identifying the regions with gray matter abnormalities, studies investigating the pathophysiology of illnesses such as schizophrenia are better informed when both SBM and VBM analyses are performed concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Palaniyappan
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, A Floor, South Block, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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17
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Winkler AM, Kochunov P, Blangero J, Almasy L, Zilles K, Fox PT, Duggirala R, Glahn DC. Cortical thickness or grey matter volume? The importance of selecting the phenotype for imaging genetics studies. Neuroimage 2009; 53:1135-46. [PMID: 20006715 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 860] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Choosing the appropriate neuroimaging phenotype is critical to successfully identify genes that influence brain structure or function. While neuroimaging methods provide numerous potential phenotypes, their role for imaging genetics studies is unclear. Here we examine the relationship between brain volume, grey matter volume, cortical thickness and surface area, from a genetic standpoint. Four hundred and eighty-six individuals from randomly ascertained extended pedigrees with high-quality T1-weighted neuroanatomic MRI images participated in the study. Surface-based and voxel-based representations of brain structure were derived, using automated methods, and these measurements were analysed using a variance-components method to identify the heritability of these traits and their genetic correlations. All neuroanatomic traits were significantly influenced by genetic factors. Cortical thickness and surface area measurements were found to be genetically and phenotypically independent. While both thickness and area influenced volume measurements of cortical grey matter, volume was more closely related to surface area than cortical thickness. This trend was observed for both the volume-based and surface-based techniques. The results suggest that surface area and cortical thickness measurements should be considered separately and preferred over gray matter volumes for imaging genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson M Winkler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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