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Wang Y, Li H, Wei J, Hong K, Zhou Q, Liu X, Hong X, Li W, Liu C, Zhu X, Yu L. Multi-Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Osmoregulation, Physiological Metabolism, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Apoptosis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1836. [PMID: 37891915 PMCID: PMC10604327 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity stress can trigger a series of physiological changes. However, the mechanism underlying the response to acute salinity stress in Macrobrachium rosenbergii remains poorly understood. In this study, osmoregulation, physiological metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis were examined over 96 h of acute salinity stress. Hemolymph osmolality increased with increasing salinity. After 48 h of salinity exposure, the glucose, triglycerides, total protein, and total cholesterol contents in two salinity stress groups (13 and 26‱ salinity) were significantly lower than those in the 0‱ salinity group. The highest levels of these parameters were detected at 6 h; however, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were the lowest at 96 h in the 13‱ salinity group. The activity of immunity-related enzyme alkaline phosphatase (AKP) showed a decreasing trend with increasing salinity and remained at a low level in the 26‱ salinity group throughout the experiment. No significant differences were observed in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or lysozyme (LZM) among the three treatments at 96 h. After 96 h of salinity treatments, the gill filament diameter significantly decreased, and a more pronounced terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive signal was detected in the 13‱ and 26‱ groups compared to that in the 0‱ group. Expression levels of apoptosis-related genes, including Cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 (Caspase 3), Cysteine-aspartic acid protease 8 (Caspase 8), Cytochrome c (Cyt-c), tumor suppressor gene (P53), Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and B cell lymphoma 2 ovarian killer (Bok) were significantly higher in the 26‱ salinity group than in the other groups at 24 h, but lower than those in the 0‱ salinity group at 96 h. Cyt-c and P53 levels exhibited a significantly positive relationship with MDA, AST, and LZM activity during salinity stress. In the 13‱ salinity group, Bok expression was significantly correlated with SOD, T-AOC, AKP, acid phosphatase, and LZM activity, whereas in the 26‱ group, the AST content was positively correlated with Caspase 8, Cyt-c, and P53 expression. A significant negative relationship was observed between Caspase 3 expression and catalase (CAT) activity. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the response to acute salinity stress and will contribute to improving M. rosenbergii aquaculture and management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Huarong Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Kunhao Hong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Qiaoyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Xiaoyou Hong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Xinping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Lingyun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (Y.W.); (H.L.); (J.W.); (K.H.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
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Yang Z, Zhou J, Zhu L, Chen A, Cheng Y. Label-free quantification proteomics analysis reveals acute hyper-osmotic responsive proteins in the gills of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2022; 43:101009. [PMID: 35777161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is a typical euryhaline crustacean to study osmotic regulation of crustaceans. Osmotic-regulation of Chinese mitten crab is a complex process. In order to study the osmotic-regulation related proteins of Chinese mitten crab, we domesticated Chinese mitten crab for 144 h with 25 salinity sea water (SW) and 0 salinity fresh water (FW) respectively, and then analyzed the proteome of its posterior gills. A total of 1453 proteins were identified by label free proteomics. Under the threshold of 2 fold change (FC), 242 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were screened, including 122 up-regulated DEPs and 120 down-regulated DEPs. GO database and KEGG database were used to annotate and enrich DEPs. It was found that DEPs were significantly enriched in energy metabolism, signal transduction, ion transport, actin cytoskeleton, immunity, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and other biological functions. After 144 h of high salinity stress, the energy metabolism of Chinese mitten crab decreased and the expression of actin and cytoskeleton protein increased. In order to cope with oxidative damage caused by high salinity, Chinese mitten crab improved its immunity and antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Aqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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Fan Y, Feng J, Xie N, Ling F, Wang Z, Ma K, Hua X, Li J. RNA-seq Provides Novel Insights into Response to Acute Salinity Stress in Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2022; 24:820-829. [PMID: 35915287 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense is an important aquaculture species in China, Vietnam, and Japan. This species could survive in the salinity ranging from 7 to 20 ppt and accelerate growth in the salinity of 7 ppt. To identify the genes and pathways in response to acute high salinity stress, M. nipponense was exposed to the acute high salinity of 25 ppt. Total RNA from hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle tissues was isolated and then sequenced using high-throughput sequencing method. Differentially expressed genes (DGEs) were identified, and a total of 632, 836, and 1246 DEGs with a cutoff of significant twofold change were differentially expressed in the hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle tissues, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway enrichment analyses were conducted. These DEGs were involved in the GO terms of cellular process, metabolic process, membrane, organelle, binding, and catalytic activity. The DEGs of hepatopancreas and gill tissues were mainly enriched in PPAR signaling pathway, longevity regulating pathway, protein digestion and absorption, and the DEGs of muscle tissue in arginine biosynthesis, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, cardiac muscle contraction, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Real-time PCR conducted with fifteen selected DEGs indicated high reliability of digital analysis using RNA-Seq. The results indicated that the M. nipponense may regulate essential mechanisms such as metabolism, oxidative stress, and ion exchange to adapt the alternation of environment, when exposed to acute high salinity stress. This work reveals the numbers of genes modified by salinity stress and some important pathways, which could provide a comprehensive insight into the molecular responses to high salinity stress in M. nipponense and further boost the understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms of adaptation to salinity stress for euryhaline crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoran Fan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Hangzhou Fishery Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feiyue Ling
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zefei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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Lv W, Yuan Q, Huang W, Sun X, Zhou W, Zhao Y. Effects of reduced salinity caused by reclamation on population and physiological characteristics of the sesarmid crab Chiromantes dehaani. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1591. [PMID: 35102243 PMCID: PMC8804004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05639-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced salinity is a major factor that causes macrobenthic degradation in reclaimed wetlands. We investigated populations of the sesarmid crab Chiromantes dehaani in reclaimed and natural wetlands. Then, in the laboratory, we exposed male and female crabs to four salinity levels (0, 6, 12 and 18) for 96 h to analyse the effects of reduced salinity on osmoregulatory enzyme activities in the posterior gills and digestive and immune enzyme activities in the hepatopancreas of C. dehaani. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the number of crabs and salinity. In the laboratory, we found that the isosmotic point of C. dehaani was close to 16 ppt. The crabs showed strong hyper-osmotic regulation when exposed to 0–6 ppt salinities. Moreover, in this salinity range, amylase activities were significantly inhibited. Under low-salinity stress, the immune enzyme activities were significantly activated. However, phenoloxidase and lysozyme activities were inhibited in the freshwater environment. The male and female crabs showed no significant differences in most of the enzyme activities. Thus, reduced salinity can adversely affect the digestive and immune functions of C. dehaani, which may cause population degradation in reclaimed wetlands. Our findings can provide new insights into the effects of reclamation on macrobenthos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Lv
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.,Shanghai Runzhuang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.,Shanghai Runzhuang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.,Shanghai Runzhuang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Wenzong Zhou
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China. .,Shanghai Runzhuang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201403, China.
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Rahi ML, Azad KN, Tabassum M, Irin HH, Hossain KS, Aziz D, Moshtaghi A, Hurwood DA. Effects of Salinity on Physiological, Biochemical and Gene Expression Parameters of Black Tiger Shrimp ( Penaeus monodon): Potential for Farming in Low-Salinity Environments. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:biology10121220. [PMID: 34943135 PMCID: PMC8698961 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting growth, metabolism, immunity and survival of aquatic species in farming environments. As a euryhaline species, the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) can tolerate a wide range of salinity levels and is farmed between brackish to marine water conditions. The current study tested the effects of six different salinity levels (0‱, 2.5‱, 5‱, 10‱, 20‱ and 30‱) on the selected physiological, biochemical and genetic markers (individual changes in the expression pattern of selected candidate genes) in the black tiger shrimp. Experimental salinity levels significantly affected growth and survival performance (p < 0.05); the highest levels of growth and survival performance were observed at the control (20‱) salinity. Salinity reductions significantly increased free fatty acid (FFA), but reduced free amino acid (FAA) levels. Lower salinity treatments (0-10‱) significantly reduced hemolymph osmolality levels while 30‱ significantly increased osmolality levels. The five different salinity treatments increased the expression of osmoregulatory and hemolymph regulatory genes by 1.2-8-fold. In contrast, 1.2-1.6-fold lower expression levels were observed at the five salinity treatments for growth (alpha amylase) and immunity (toll-like receptor) genes. O2 consumption, glucose and serotonin levels, and expression of osmoregulatory genes showed rapid increase initially with salinity change, followed by reducing trend and stable patterns from the 5th day to the end. Hemocyte counts, expression of growth and immunity related genes showed initial decreasing trends, followed by an increasing trend and finally stability from 20th day to the end. Results indicate the farming potential of P. monodon at low salinity environments (possibly at freshwater) by proper acclimation prior to stocking with minimal effects on production performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Lifat Rahi
- Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.L.R.); (K.N.A.); (M.T.); (H.H.I.); (K.S.H.)
| | - Khairun Naher Azad
- Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.L.R.); (K.N.A.); (M.T.); (H.H.I.); (K.S.H.)
| | - Maliha Tabassum
- Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.L.R.); (K.N.A.); (M.T.); (H.H.I.); (K.S.H.)
| | - Hasna Hena Irin
- Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.L.R.); (K.N.A.); (M.T.); (H.H.I.); (K.S.H.)
| | - Kazi Sabbir Hossain
- Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.L.R.); (K.N.A.); (M.T.); (H.H.I.); (K.S.H.)
| | - Dania Aziz
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Port Dickson 70150, Malaysia; (A.M.); (D.A.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Azam Moshtaghi
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Port Dickson 70150, Malaysia; (A.M.); (D.A.H.)
| | - David A Hurwood
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Port Dickson 70150, Malaysia; (A.M.); (D.A.H.)
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Lou F, Gao T, Han Z. Effect of salinity fluctuation on the transcriptome of the Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:1202-1213. [PMID: 31470058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Salinity fluctuation may detrimentally affect the composition and biological processes of crustaceans. As a euryhaline crustacean, Oratosquilla oratoria can survive at salinities ranging from 20 psu to 40 psu. Therefore, we designed five salinity gradients (20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 psu) and 66.39 Gb clean transcriptome data were obtained after O. oratorias were exposed to each gradient for 24 h. All clean data were spliced into 50,482 unigenes and 17,035 unigenes were annotated in at least one database. Compared with 30 psu, 1010, 851, 1733 and 2188 differentially expressed genes were obtained at 20, 25, 35 and 40 psu, respectively. Results also showed that the osmoregulation of O. oratoria is primarily regulated by lipid and amino acid metabolism, amongst others. No significant up-regulated pathways were enriched at 25 psu and 35 psu, although more significant down-regulated pathways were obtained at 35 psu. Therefore, we assumed that the optimum survival salinity of O. oratoria may range from 25 psu to 35 psu. However, 35 psu may be more suitable for O. oratoria. In addition, 55 unigenes that encode putative inorganic ion exchanges were identified. This study aims to provide fundamental information for understanding the osmoregulation mechanisms of crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangrui Lou
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China; Fishery College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Tianxiang Gao
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China.
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Yu W, Liu W, Sang Y, Wang X. Analysis of Endogenous Semicarbazide during the Whole Growth Cycle of Litopenaeus vannamei and Its Possible Biosynthetic Pathway. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:8235-8242. [PMID: 31260295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the biosynthetic pathway of endogenous semicarbazide (SEM) in shrimps using Litopenaeus vannamei as the model target. To achieve this objective, the content of SEM in L. vannamei throughout the whole growth cycle was monitored under the strict control of external environmental interference. Experimental results showed that SEM was found in the shrimp shell at all stages, with its content decreasing first and then increasing, and no SEM was detected in the shrimp muscle of each growth stage. This indicated that endogenous SEM in L. vannamei was derived from the shrimp shell. At the same time, the content of amino acids in the shrimp shell and the corresponding substances involved in the urea cycle in the entire growth cycle of shrimp were monitored. The correlation analysis between them and the changes in the SEM content in shrimp showed that arginine had the largest correlation coefficient (0.952) with the changes in the SEM content. The main substances of the urea cycle may be related to the production of SEM. In combination with the water environmental test of high ammonia nitrogen, it was presumed that the formation of endogenous SEM was related to the amidine group of arginine and amide structure of citrulline and urea. Arginine, citrulline, and urea in the urea cycle of L. vannamei eventually produced SEM via an oxaziridine intermediate under the action of hydrogen peroxide and ammonia, and a standardized reaction test was conducted to verify the hypothesis and, thus, provided a new idea for future endogenous SEM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , Hebei 071001 , People's Republic of China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Fangshan , P. R. China
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Wang H, Wei H, Tang L, Lu J, Mu C, Wang C. Gene Identification and Characterization of Correlations for DEPs_DEGs Same Trend Responding to Salinity Adaptation in Scylla paramamosain. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:7940405. [PMID: 30881981 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7940405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Scylla paramamosain is a commercially important species distributed along the coast of southern China and other Indo-Pacific countries. Sudden salinity drop exceeding the adjustment capability of S. paramamosain can result in damage or even mortality. In our previous study, we had analyzed the mechanism of adapting sudden drop in salinity from the level of transcriptomics and proteomics, respectively. This study performed a correlation analysis of RNA sequencing transcriptomics and iTRAQ proteomics in order to investigate the adaptation mechanisms to sudden salinity drop from 23‰ to 3‰. There were 3954 correlations and a total of 15 correlations for differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from proteomics and transcriptomics. The correlation between DEPs and DEGs was 0, and the Spearman correlation coefficient of the same trend correlation for DEPs and DEGs was the highest, reaching 0.9080. KEGG pathway enrichment correlation revealed that protein digestion and absorption (Ko04974), proximal tubule bicarbonate (Ko04964), and bile secretion (Ko04976) played important roles in Na+/H+ and Na+/K+ exchange. In addition, important genes related to osmoregulation, such as ion transport and carbonic anhydrase, were also detected in the correlation analysis for same trend DEPs_DEGs. In conclusion, the proteome and transcriptome correlation results from this study indicate that ion transport plays a critical role in the adaptation of S. paramamosain to sudden reduction in salinity.
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Liu Z, Zhou Z, Wang L, Li M, Wang W, Yi Q, Huang S, Song L. Dopamine and Serotonin Modulate Free Amino Acids Production and Na +/K + Pump Activity in Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis Under Acute Salinity Stress. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1080. [PMID: 30364201 PMCID: PMC6192224 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis lives in saline or fresh water during different life stages and exhibits a complex life history, making it an ideal model to study the salinity adaptation of euryhaline animals. In this study, RNA-seq techniques, and determinations of free amino acids (FAAs), monoamine neurotransmitters, and Na+/K+ pump activity, were employed to understand the osmoregulatory mechanism in Chinese mitten crab. A total of 15,138 differentially expressed genes were obtained from 12 transcriptome libraries. GO enrichment analysis revealed that the mRNA expression profiles were completely remodeled from 12 to 24 h after salinity stress. The neuroendocrine system was activated under stimulation, and the monoamine neurotransmitters including dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) were released to modulate osmoregulation. Furthermore, the Na+/K+ pump in crab hemocytes was significantly inhibited post salinity stress, resulting in increased intracellular ion concentrations and osmotic pressure to sustain the osmotic balance. Moreover, six key FAAs, including alanine (Ala), proline (Pro), glycine (Gly), glutamate (Glu), arginine (Arg), and aspartate (Asp), were overexpressed to modulate the extracellular osmotic balance during salinity adaptation. Interestingly, the immune genes were not enriched in the GO analysis, implying that the immune system might not contribute fundamentally to the tolerance upon fluctuating ambient salinity in the Chinese mitten crab. These results collectively demonstrated that the Chinese mitten crab had evolved an efficient regulation mechanism by modulating the FAAs production and Na+/K+ pump activity to sustain the osmotic balance independent of the immune system, in which the neuroendocrine modulation, especially generated by the monoamine neurotransmitter, played an indispensable role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Meijia Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Qilin Yi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
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Wang H, Tang L, Wei H, Lu J, Mu C, Wang C. Transcriptomic analysis of adaptive mechanisms in response to sudden salinity drop in the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:421. [PMID: 29855258 PMCID: PMC5984308 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scylla paramamosain (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae: Syclla De Hann) is a commercially important mud crab distributed along the coast of southern China and other Indo-Pacific countries (Lin Z, Hao M, Zhu D, et al, Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 208-209:29–37, 2017; Walton ME, Vay LL, Lebata JH, et al, Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 66(3–4):493–500, 2006; Wang Z, Sun B, Zhu F, Fish Shellfish Immunol 67:612–9, 2017). While S. paramamosain is a euryhaline species, a sudden drop in salinity induces a negative impact on growth, molting, and reproduction, and may even cause death. The mechanism of osmotic regulation of marine crustaceans has been recently under investigation. However, the mechanism of adapting to a sudden drop in salinity has not been reported. Methods In this study, transcriptomics analysis was conducted on the gills of S. paramamosain to test its adaptive capabilities over 120 h with a sudden drop in salinity from 23 ‰ to 3 ‰. Results At the level of transcription, 135 DEGs (108 up-regulated and 27 down-regulated) annotated by NCBI non-redundant (nr) protein database were screened. GO analysis showed that the catalytic activity category showed the most participating genes in the 24 s-tier GO terms, indicating that intracellular metabolic activities in S. paramamosain were enhanced. Of the 164 mapped KEGG pathways, seven of the top 20 pathways were closely related to regulation of the Na+ / K+ -ATPase. Seven additional amino acid metabolism-related pathways were also found, along with other important signaling pathways. Conclusion Ion transport and amino acid metabolism were key factors in regulating the salinity adaptation of S. paramamosain in addition to several important signaling pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4803-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongling Wei
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junkai Lu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changkao Mu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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Freire CA, Maraschi AC, Lara AF, Amado EM, Prodocimo V. Late rise in hemolymph osmolality in Macrobrachium acanthurus (diadromous freshwater shrimp) exposed to brackish water: Early reduction in branchial Na+/K+ pump activity but stable muscle HSP70 expression. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 216:69-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Long X, Wu X, Zhao L, Ye H, Cheng Y, Zeng C. Physiological Responses and Ovarian Development of Female Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis Subjected to Different Salinity Conditions. Front Physiol 2018; 8:1072. [PMID: 29354063 PMCID: PMC5761441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity plays a key role affecting ovarian development, osmoregulation and metabolism of female Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis during reproductive migration. In this study, female E. sinensis after their puberty molt were subjected to four salinities of 0, 6, 12, and 18‰ for 40 days to investigate the salinity effects on their ovarian development as well as a range of important physiological parameters. Elevated salinity accelerated the ovarian development with ovigerous crabs found at salinity treatments of 12 and 18‰ despite no copulation had occurred. Meanwhile the survival rate of female crabs showed a decreasing trend with increasing salinity. Higher salinity also led to increased hemolymph Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl-, and Mg2+ concentrations. The 6‰ treatment had the highest contents of hemolymph total and major free amino acids while the Na+/K+ -ATPase activity in the posterior gills was the lowest among treatments. Total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (∑n-3PUFA) and n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio in the anterior gills showed a decreasing trend with salinity while 18‰ had the highest ∑PUFA and ∑n-6PUFA. The ∑n-3PUFA content and n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio of the posterior gills showed a fluctuating pattern and the highest value was detected at 0‰, while an increasing trend was found for the ∑n-6PUFA with increasing salinity. The hemolymph glucose showed a decreasing trend with increasing salinity and the highest total cholesterol in hemolymph was detected at 12‰. The 18‰ treatment had the highest levels of hemolymph γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase, as well as glucose, urea and acid phosphatase in hepatopancreas while the highest hemolymph superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were detected at 0‰. Overall, the results showed that salinity increase from freshwater to brackish conditions led to lower metabolism, accelerated ovarian development, and the appearance of ovigerous crabs without copulation in female E. sinensis post puberty molt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Long
- Department of Marine Biology and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihui Ye
- Department of Marine Biology and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoshu Zeng
- Department of Marine Biology and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Marine & Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Koyama H, Mizusawa N, Hoashi M, Tan E, Yasumoto K, Jimbo M, Ikeda D, Yokoyama T, Asakawa S, Piyapattanakorn S, Watabe S. Changes in free amino acid concentrations and associated gene expression profiles in the abdominal muscle of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus acclimated at different salinities. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.168997. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.168997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Shrimps inhabiting the coastal water can survive in a wide range of salinity. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in their acclimation to different environmental salinities have remained largely unknown. In the present study, we acclimated kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus at 1.7 %, 3.4 % and 4.0 % salinities. After acclimating for 6, 12, 24 and 72 h, we determined free amino acid concentrations in their abdominal muscle, and performed RNA-seq analysis on this muscle. The concentrations of free amino acids were clearly altered depending on salinity after acclimating for 24 h. Glutamine and alanine concentrations were markedly increased following the increase of salinity. In association with such changes, many genes related to amino acid metabolism changed their expression levels. In particular, the increase of the expression level of the gene encoding glutamate-ammonia ligase which functions in the glutamine metabolism appeared to be relevant to the increased glutamine concentration at high salinity. Furthermore, the alanine concentration increased at high salinity was likely to be associated with the decrease in the expression levels of the alanine-glyoxylate transaminase gene. Thus, there is a possibility that changes in the concentration of free amino acids for osmoregulation in kuruma shrimp are regulated by changes in the expression levels of genes related to amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Koyama
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Nanami Mizusawa
- Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Masataka Hoashi
- Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Engkong Tan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ko Yasumoto
- Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Jimbo
- Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ikeda
- Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokoyama
- Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Shuichi Asakawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Sanit Piyapattanakorn
- Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Shugo Watabe
- Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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Chakrapani V, Rasal KD, Mohapatra SD, Rasal AR, Jayasankar P, Barman HK. Molecular characterization, computational analysis and transcript profiling of glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh ) gene of Macrobrachium rosenbergii exposed to saline water. Gene Reports 2017; 8:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
As a catadromous species, salinity is a key parameter that affects gonadal development of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis during reproductive migration. It is however unclear the effects of salinity on the gonadal development of male E. sinensis as well as their physiological responses to salinity during reproductive migration. This study investigated the effects of four salinities (0 ‰, 6 ‰, 12 ‰ and 18 ‰) on gonadal development, osmoregulation and metabolism of adult male E. sinensis over a 40-day period. The results showed that elevating salinity promote gonadal development, increase hemolymph osmolality and K+ and Mg2+ concentrations (P < 0.05). The 12 ‰ salinity resulted in the highest contents of taurine and arginine in the hemolymph while the highest contents of threonine, phenylalanine, lysine, ß-alanine, tryptophan, ornithine and total free amino acids were found for 0 ‰ treatment (P < 0.05). A decreasing trend was detected for the Na+/K+-ATPase activity and its mRNA expression level in the posterior gills with salinity (P < 0.05). Total saturated fatty acids in the anterior gills decreased with increasing salinity (P < 0.05); the 0 ‰ treatment had the highest total polyunsaturated fatty acids in the posterior gills while total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids increased with salinity (P < 0.05). The hemolymph glucose and uric acid showed a decreasing trend as salinity while an increasing trend was found for the hemolymph triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.05). The 12 ‰ treatment had the highest levels of hemolymph malonaldehyde and hepatopancreatic γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that the brackish water promote gonadal development of male E. sinensis, and increase osmolality and ionic concentrations in hemolymph while reduced the activity of Na+ /K+- ATPase and its mRNA expression in the posterior gills as well as metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Long
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XW); (CZ)
| | - Lei Zhao
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihui Ye
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoshu Zeng
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail: (XW); (CZ)
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Xu C, Li E, Liu Y, Wang X, Qin JG, Chen L. Comparative proteome analysis of the hepatopancreas from the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under long-term low salinity stress. J Proteomics 2017; 162:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Zhang D, Wang F, Dong S, Lu Y. De novo assembly and transcriptome analysis of osmoregulation in Litopenaeus vannamei under three cultivated conditions with different salinities. Gene 2015; 578:185-93. [PMID: 26691500 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Litopenaeus vannamei, one of the most important euryhaline crustaceans, is cultured in seawater, brackish water, and freshwater worldwide. We performed Illumina RNA sequencing of L. vannamei gills, generating 124,914,870; 119,250,450; and 105,487,350 raw reads from the shrimps cultured in seawater, brackish water, and freshwater, respectively. From these reads, 466,293 transcripts were de novo assembled and annotated. Comparative genomic analysis showed that 1752 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the freshwater group compared with the seawater group, including 1242 upregulated and 510 downregulated genes. In addition, 1246 genes were differentially expressed in the brackish group vs. the seawater water group, including 659 upregulated and 587 downregulated genes. These differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in energy metabolism, substance metabolism, ion transport and signal transduction, and genetic process. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were used to analyze the functional significance of the differentially expressed genes, included those responding to salinity through diverse biological functions and processes and numerous potential genes associated with the osmotic response. L. vannamei responses to the three cultivated salinities were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The transcriptional database established from the current research adds to the information available on L. vannamei and the findings expand our knowledge of the molecular basis of osmoregulation mechanisms in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shuanglin Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yunliang Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Hui M, Liu Y, Song C, Li Y, Shi G, Cui Z. Transcriptome changes in Eriocheir sinensis megalopae after desalination provide insights into osmoregulation and stress adaption in larvae. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114187. [PMID: 25470496 PMCID: PMC4254945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Eriocheir sinensis, an extremely invasive alien crab species, has important economic value in China. It encounters different salinities during its life cycle, and at the megalopal stage it faces a turning point regarding the salinity in its environment. We applied RNA sequencing to E. sinensis megalopae before (MB) and after (MA) desalination, resulting in the discovery of 21,042 unigenes and 908 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 4.32% of the unigenes). The DEGs primarily belonged to the Gene Ontology groups “Energy metabolism,” “Oxidoreductase activity,” “Translation,” “Transport,” “Metabolism,” and “Stress response.” In total, 33 DEGs related to transport processes were found, including 12 proton pump genes, three ATP-binding cassettes (ABCs), 13 solute carrier (SLC) family members, two sweet sugar transporter (ST) family members and three other substance transporters. Mitochondrial genes as well as genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolytic pathway, or β-oxidation pathway, which can generate energy in the form of ATP, were typically up-regulated in MA. 11 unigenes related to amino acid metabolism and a large number of genes related to protein synthesis were differentially expressed in MB and MA, indicating that E. sinensis possibly adjusts its concentration of free amino acid osmolytes for hyper-osmoregulation. Additionally, 33 salinity and oxidative stress induced genes were found to be differentially expressed, such as the LEA2, HSPs, GST and coagulation factor genes. Notably, LEA2 is an extremely hydrophilic protein that responds to desiccation and reported for the first time in crabs. Therefore, we suppose that when the environment is hypo-osmotic, the megalopae might compensate for ion loss via hyper-osmoregulation by consuming more energy, accompanied by a series of stress induced adaptions. This study provides the first genome-wide transcriptome analysis of E. sinensis megalopae for studying its osmoregulation and stress adaption mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hui
- EMBL, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- EMBL, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chengwen Song
- EMBL, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- EMBL, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Guohui Shi
- EMBL, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhaoxia Cui
- EMBL, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Qingdao, 266071, China
- * E-mail:
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Lv J, Liu P, Wang Y, Gao B, Chen P, Li J. Transcriptome analysis of Portunus trituberculatus in response to salinity stress provides insights into the molecular basis of osmoregulation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82155. [PMID: 24312639 PMCID: PMC3849447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, which is naturally distributed in the coastal waters of Asia-Pacific countries, is an important farmed species in China. Salinity is one of the most important abiotic factors that influence not only the distribution and abundance of crustaceans, it is also an important factor for artificial propagation of the crab. To better understand the interaction between salinity stress and osmoregulation, we performed a transcriptome analysis in the gills of Portunus trituberculatus challenged with salinity stress, using the Illumina Deep Sequencing technology. Results We obtained 27,696,835, 28,268,353 and 33,901,271 qualified Illumina read pairs from low salinity challenged (LC), non-challenged (NC), and high salinity challenged (HC) Portunus trituberculatus cDNA libraries, respectively. The overall de novo assembly of cDNA sequence data generated 94,511 unigenes, with an average length of 644 bp. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that 1,705 genes differentially expressed in salinity stress compared to the controls, including 615 and 1,516 unigenes in NC vs LC and NC vs HC respectively. GO functional enrichment analysis results showed some differentially expressed genes were involved in crucial processes related to osmoregulation, such as ion transport processes, amino acid metabolism and synthesis processes, proteolysis process and chitin metabolic process. Conclusion This work represents the first report of the utilization of the next generation sequencing techniques for transcriptome analysis in Portunus trituberculatus and provides valuable information on salinity adaptation mechanism. Results reveal a substantial number of genes modified by salinity stress and a few important salinity acclimation pathways, which will serve as an invaluable resource for revealing the molecular basis of osmoregulation in Portunus trituberculatus. In addition, the most comprehensive sequences of transcripts reported in this study provide a rich source for identification of novel genes in the crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Lv
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoquan Gao
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
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Hammer KM, Pedersen SA, Størseth TR. Elevated seawater levels of CO(2) change the metabolic fingerprint of tissues and hemolymph from the green shore crab Carcinus maenas. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2012; 7:292-302. [PMID: 22763285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) acts as a weak acid in water and the increasing level of CO(2) in the atmosphere leads to ocean acidification. In addition, possible leakage from sub-seabed storage of anthropogenic CO(2) may pose a threat to the marine environment. (1)H NMR spectroscopy was applied to extracts of hemolymph, gills and leg muscle from shore crabs (Carcinus maenas) to examine the metabolic response to elevated levels of CO(2). Crabs were exposed to different levels of CO(2)-acidified seawater with pH(NBS) 7.4, 6.6 and 6.3 (pCO(2)~2600, 16,000 and 30,000 μatm, respectively) for two weeks (level-dependent exposure). In addition, the metabolic response was followed for up to 4 weeks of exposure to seawater pH(NBS) 6.9 (pCO(2)~7600 μatm). Partial least squares regression analysis of data showed an increased differentiation between metabolic fingerprints of controls and exposed groups for all sample types with increasing CO(2) levels. Difference between controls and animals subjected to time-dependent exposure appeared after 4 weeks in the hemolymph and gills, and after 48 h of exposure in the leg muscle. Changes in metabolic profiles were mainly due to a reduced level of important intracellular osmolytes such as amino acids (glycine, proline), while the level of other metabolites varied between the different sample types. The results are similar to what is observed in animals exposed to hypo-osmotic stress and may suggest disturbances in intracellular iso-osmotic regulation. The results may also reflect increased catabolism of amino acids to supply the body fluids with proton-buffering ammonia (NH(3)). Alternatively, the findings may reflect an exhaustive effect of CO(2) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Hammer
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
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Wang Y, Li E, Yu N, Wang X, Cai C, Tang B, Chen L, Van Wormhoudt A. Characterization and expression of glutamate dehydrogenase in response to acute salinity stress in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37316. [PMID: 22615974 PMCID: PMC3355100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a key enzyme for the synthesis and catabolism of glutamic acid, proline and alanine, which are important osmolytes in aquatic animals. However, the response of GDH gene expression to salinity alterations has not yet been determined in macro-crustacean species. Methodology/Principal Findings GDH cDNA was isolated from Eriocheir sinensis. Then, GDH gene expression was analyzed in different tissues from normal crabs and the muscle of crabs following transfer from freshwater (control) directly to water with salinities of 16‰ and 30‰, respectively. Full-length GDH cDNA is 2,349 bp, consisting of a 76 bp 5′- untranslated region, a 1,695 bp open reading frame encoding 564 amino acids and a 578 bp 3′- untranslated region. E. sinensis GDH showed 64–90% identity with protein sequences of mammalian and crustacean species. Muscle was the dominant expression source among all tissues tested. Compared with the control, GDH expression significantly increased at 6 h in crabs transferred to 16‰ and 30‰ salinity, and GDH expression peaked at 48 h and 12 h, respectively, with levels approximately 7.9 and 8.5 fold higher than the control. The free amino acid (FAA) changes in muscle, under acute salinity stress (16‰ and 30‰ salinities), correlated with GDH expression levels. Total FAA content in the muscle, which was based on specific changes in arginine, proline, glycine, alanine, taurine, serine and glutamic acid, tended to increase in crabs following transfer to salt water. Among these, arginine, proline and alanine increased significantly during salinity acclimation and accounted for the highest proportion of total FAA. Conclusions E. sinensis GDH is a conserved protein that serves important functions in controlling osmoregulation. We observed that higher GDH expression after ambient salinity increase led to higher FAA metabolism, especially the synthesis of glutamic acid, which increased the synthesis of proline and alanine to meet the demand of osmoregulation at hyperosmotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueru Wang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (EL); (LC)
| | - Na Yu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfang Cai
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Boping Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Science, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Liqiao Chen
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (EL); (LC)
| | - Alain Van Wormhoudt
- UMR5178, Station de Biologie Marine du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, BP225, Concarneau, France
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Dalvin S, Frost P, Loeffen P, Skern-Mauritzen R, Baban J, Rønnestad I, Nilsen F. Characterisation of two vitellogenins in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis: molecular, functional and evolutional analysis. Dis Aquat Organ 2011; 94:211-224. [PMID: 21790068 DOI: 10.3354/dao02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer affects a variety of wild salmonoid hosts, but is also an important pest in aquaculture, which is a globally important and rapidly growing industry. Salmon lice have large reproductive outputs, and knowledge of reproductive processes may be crucial for the control of this parasite. Here, we report on the characterisation of 2 vitellogenins (LsVit1 and LsVit2), which are the precursors of salmon-louse egg-yolk glycoprotein. The structure of LsVit1 and LsVit2 was examined and compared to that in other oviparous animals. Phylogenetic analysis of LsVit1 and LsVit2 confirmed the view that crustaceans are a polyphyletic group. Transcriptional and translational analysis demonstrated production of LsVit1 and LsVit2 in the subcuticular tissue of the adult female lice. LsVit1 and LsVit2 could also be found in maturing oocytes and developing embryos and early larval stages. LsVit2 was found to be processed into 2 smaller fragments, whereas LsVit1 was found to be full length when deposited into the oocytes. Degradation of LsVit1 and LsVit2 was characterised through embryogenesis and the early non-feeding larval stages. Finally, protein content and the level of free amino acids were analysed in embryos and larval stages and their role in nutrition and osmoregulation discussed. In conclusion, our results confirm the role of vitellogenins in reproduction as providers of embryonic and larval nutrition.
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de Faria SC, Augusto AS, Mcnamara JC. Intra- and extracellular osmotic regulation in the hololimnetic Caridea and Anomura: a phylogenetic perspective on the conquest of fresh water by the decapod Crustacea. J Comp Physiol B 2011; 181:175-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-010-0522-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Intanai I, Taylor E, Whiteley N. Effects of salinity on rates of protein synthesis and oxygen uptake in the post-larvae and juveniles of the tropical prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2009; 152:372-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Revised: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liu HY, Pan LQ, Zheng DB. Injection of biogenic amines modulates osmoregulation of Litopenaeus vannamei: response of hemolymph osmotic pressure, ion concentration and osmolality effectors. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008; 151:191-7. [PMID: 18634897 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 06/22/2008] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we compared systematically the temporal and dose response relationship and physiological significance among biogenic amines injection, changes of ion concentration, FAA concentrations and composition and protein in context of osmoregulatory ability in marine euryhaline shrimp: Litopenaeus vannamei. The dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) injection all had transient effects on hemolymph osmolality, ion concentrations but which occurred in different time and were dose-dependent. The highest concentrations of FAAs in hemolymph of L. vannamei were alanine, glycine, argnine, proline, lysine which were considered to be specific osmotic effectors. Contrary to the reduction of hemocyanin, injection of DA 10(-6) mol shrimp(-1) and 5-HT 10(-6) mol shrimp(-1) induced notable protein increase respectively, which led to the rapid reduction of hemocyanin/protein ratio in range of 63.2% to 78.3%. The increase of hemolymph FAAs might come from the new amino acid synthesis or degradation of muscle protein to FAAs or denovo synthesis of FAAs. Our study showed that dopamine plays an important role in neurotransmission and causes osmoregulation response modulation and 5-HT has different activation mechanism on osmoregulation.
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Santos LCF, Belli NM, Augusto A, Masui DC, Leone FA, McNamara JC, Furriel RPM. Gill (Na+,K+)-ATPase in diadromous, freshwater palaemonid shrimps: Species-specific kinetic characteristics and α-subunit expression. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007; 148:178-88. [PMID: 17521934 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To better comprehend physiological adaptation to dilute media and the molecular mechanisms underlying ammonia excretion in palaemonid shrimps, we characterized the (Na+,K+)-ATPase from Macrobrachium amazonicum gills, disclosing high- (K(0.5) = 4.2+/-0.2 micromol L(-1); V = 33.9+/-1.9 U mg(-1)) and low-affinity (K(0.5) = 0.144+/-0.010 mmol L(-1); V = 232.9+/-15.3 U mg(-1)) ATP hydrolyzing sites. Stimulation by Na+ (K(0.5) = 5.5+/-0.3 mmol L(-1); V = 275.1+/-15.1 U mg(-1)), Mg2+ (K(0.5) = 0.79+/-0.06 mmol L(-1); V = 261.9+/-18.3 U mg(-1)), K+ (K(M) = 0.88+/-0.04 mmol L(-1); V = 271.8+/-10.9 U mg(-1)) and NH4(+) (K(M) = 5.0+/-0.2 mmol L(-1); V = 385.9+/-15.8 U mg(-1)) obeys single saturation curves, activity being stimulated synergistically by NH4(+) and K+. There is a single K+ binding site, NH4(+) binding to a second, exclusive site, stimulating activity by 33%, modulating K+ affinity. (Na+,K+)-ATPase activity constitutes approximately 80% of total ATPase activity (K(Iouabain) = 147.5+/-8.9 micromol L(-1)); Na+-, K+-, Ca2+-, V- and F(o)F(1)-ATPases are also present. M. amazonicum microsomal fractions possess approximately 2-fold less (Na+,K+)-ATPase alpha-subunit than M. olfersi, consistent with a 2.6-fold lower specific activity. These differences in (Na+, K+)-ATPase stimulation by ATP and ions, and specific activities of other ATPases, suggest the presence of distinct biochemical adaptations to life in fresh water in these related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C F Santos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
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Nakamura K, Iwaizumi K, Yamada S. Hemolymph patterns of free amino acids in the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana after three days starvation at different salinities. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007; 147:254-9. [PMID: 17307373 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Revised: 12/26/2006] [Accepted: 01/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The hemolymph pattern of free amino acids was examined in the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana (Great Salt Lake origin). After one-month acclimation to 35 or 60 ppt salinity at 27 degrees C, the animals were transferred to 10, 35 or 60 ppt salinities to continue acclimation for 3 days without feeding at 27 degrees C. The osmolarity of one of the new media was raised by glycerol addition. In the hemolymph, 8 amino acids such as taurine, alanine, threonine, serine, lysine, glycine, arginine and leucine, comprised approximately 70% of the total content of free amino acids. This pattern suggested internal proteolysis due to starvation at high temperature. The total content of free amino acids significantly increased at 10 and 60 ppt salinities in comparison to 35 ppt. The hemolymph patterns from the 10 ppt and glycerol-added media showed a singularly high peak of taurine or alanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaworu Nakamura
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimo-Arata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan.
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Augusto A, Greene LJ, Laure HJ, Mcnamara JC. Adaptive shifts in osmoregulatory strategy and the invasion of freshwater by brachyuran crabs: evidence fromDilocarcinus pagei (Trichodactylidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 307:688-98. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.a.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Soria F, Sierra C, Bouquelet S, Brassart C, Agundis C, Zenteno E, Vázquez L. The effect of sugars and free amino acids from the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii hemolymph on lectin activity and on oxidative burst. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2006; 142:212-219. [PMID: 16290085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2005.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2005] [Revised: 10/02/2005] [Accepted: 10/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We determined the effect of low molecular weight components (LMWC) from healthy juvenile and adult Macrobrachium rosenbergii hemolymph on lectin activity and oxidative burst (OB) in hemocytes. In an attempt to identify the LMWC that affect the lectin's hemagglutinating activity or oxidative burst, we determined the hemolymph carbohydrates and free amino acids (FAA) concentration. The LMWC (<2000 Da) were obtained after dialysis of the hemolymph. Our results showed that LMWC from juveniles exerted a greater inhibition on lectin than LMWC from adult hemolymph. Production of superoxide radicals by hemocytes was lower in the presence of juvenile (p<0.05) as compared to adult LMWC. FAA composition of the hemolymph and of LMWC from adults showed higher proportion of alanine (which corresponded to 25% of total FAA) and proline (>20%); whereas, in juveniles, the main FAA identified were glycine (>40%) and alanine (26%). N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) was the main sugar residue in the hemolymph and LMWC from juveniles; its concentration was 2.4 times higher than glucose (Glc), whereas, in adults, Glc was the main free sugar residue. Our results suggest that the proportion of FAA and carbohydrates in the hemolymph of M. rosenbergii seems to be correlated with the maturation process; furthermore, the high proportion of free GlcNAc and glycine regulate, in the juvenile stage, lectin activity and cellular oxidative mechanisms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Soria
- Laboratorio de Lectinas, CIQ, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Claudia Sierra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, 01040, Mexico
| | - Stephane Bouquelet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique de la Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, UMR du CNRS no. 8576, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France
| | - Colette Brassart
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique de la Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, UMR du CNRS no. 8576, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France
| | - Concepción Agundis
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM 04510, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM 04510, Mexico
| | - Lorena Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Lectinas, CIQ, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca Morelos 62210, Mexico.
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Sadok S, M'Hetli M, El Abed A, Uglow RF. Changes in some nitrogenous compounds in the blood and tissues of freshwater pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) during salinity acclimation. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2004; 138:9-15. [PMID: 15165565 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2003] [Revised: 12/26/2003] [Accepted: 02/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ambient salinity changes (0.9, 6 and 12 psu) on the levels of dissolved ammonia (DA), ninhydrin positive substances (NPS), trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) in the blood and tissue of medium-acclimated Sander lucioperca L. (also Stizostedion lucioperca) were investigated. In freshwater, blood and tissue total free amino acid levels (measured as NPS) were 3.62 mM and 60.61 mM, respectively. The NPS content increased significantly (P<0.05) in the tissue and blood on acclimation to 6 and 12 psu salinities. The mass-specific tissue TMAO concentration of pikeperch acclimated to normal freshwater was 0.413+/-0.084 micromol TMAO g(-1). Results reveal that TMAO levels are positively influenced by the external salinity medium where significant differences in mean levels occurred between the groups (P<0.05). The calculated p[NH(3)] and [NH(4)(+)] gradients reveal that the [NH(3)] gradient was consistently low (cf. the [NH(4)(+)] gradient). The gradient of p[NH(3)] decreased with the medium increased salinities. The results suggest that freshwater pikeperch may be able to resist salinity changes by manipulation of nitrogen metabolism. Free amino acids and TMAO are involved in mediating response to salinity exposure in freshwater pikeperch.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sadok
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, 28 Rue 2 Mars 1934, Carthage, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia.
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Luvizotto-Santos R, Lee JT, Branco ZP, Bianchini A, Nery LEM. Lipids as energy source during salinity acclimation in the euryhaline crab Chasmagnathus granulata dana, 1851 (crustacea-grapsidae). J Exp Zool A Comp Exp Biol 2003; 295:200-5. [PMID: 12541304 DOI: 10.1002/jez.a.10219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipids seem to be the major energy store in crustaceans. Moreover, they are extremely important in maintaining structural and physiological integrity of cellular and sub cellular membranes. During salinity adaptation, energy-demanding mechanisms for hemolymph osmotic and ionic regulation are activated. Thus, the main goal of this work was to verify the possible involvement of lipids as an energy source in the osmotic adaptation process. The estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulata was captured and acclimated to salt water at 20 per thousand salinity and 20 +/- 2 degrees C, for 30 days. After acclimation, crabs were divided into groups of ten and transferred to fresh water (0 per thousand ), salt water at 40 per thousand salinity, or maintained in salt water at 20 per thousand salinity (control group), without feeding. Before and seven days after the salinity change, wet weight and lipid concentration in gills, muscle, hepatopancreas, and hemolymph were determined according to the colorimetric assay of sulphophosphovanilin. Results show that hepatopancreas lipids were not mobilized during osmotic stress regulation. Gill and muscle lipids were significantly lower in crabs subjected to hypo-osmotic stress than those subjected to the hyper-osmotic stress or maintained at the control salinity. Our results point to the occurrence of lipid mobilization and involvement of these compounds in the osmotic acclimation process in C. granulata, but with differences between tissues and the osmotic shock (hypo or hyper) considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Luvizotto-Santos
- Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rio Grande - RS, 96201-900, Brazil
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