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Weaver SJ, Breslau ES, Russell LE, Zhang A, Sharma R, Bass EB, Marsteller JA, Snyder C. Health-care organization characteristics in cancer care delivery: an integrated conceptual framework with content validation. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:800-811. [PMID: 38419574 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Context can influence cancer-related outcomes. For example, health-care organization characteristics, including ownership, leadership, and culture, can affect care access, communication, and patient outcomes. Health-care organization characteristics and other contextual factors can also influence whether and how clinical discoveries reduce cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Importantly, policy, market, and technology changes are transforming health-care organization design, culture, and operations across the cancer continuum. Consequently, research is essential to examine when, for whom, and how organizational characteristics influence person-level, organization-level, and population-level cancer outcomes. Understanding organizational characteristics-the structures, processes, and other features of entities involved in health care delivery-and their dynamics is an important yet understudied area of care delivery research across the cancer continuum. Research incorporating organizational characteristics is critical to address health inequities, test care delivery models, adapt interventions, and strengthen implementation. The field lacks conceptual grounding, however, to help researchers identify germane organizational characteristics. We propose a framework identifying organizational characteristics relevant for cancer care delivery research based on conceptual work in health services, organizational behavior, and management science and refined using a systematic review and key informant input. The proposed framework is a tool for organizing existing research and enhancing future cancer care delivery research. Following a 2012 Journal of the National Cancer Institute monograph, this work complements National Cancer Institute efforts to stimulate research addressing the relationship between cancer outcomes and contextual factors at the patient, provider, team, delivery organization, community, and health policy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sallie J Weaver
- Health Systems and Interventions Research Branch, Healthcare Delivery Research Program, Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Erica S Breslau
- Health Systems and Interventions Research Branch, Healthcare Delivery Research Program, Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lauren E Russell
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allen Zhang
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ritu Sharma
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric B Bass
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jill A Marsteller
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claire Snyder
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Fekrmandi F, Gill J, Suresh S, Hewson S, Chowdhry VK. Impact of Severe Winter Weather on Operations of a Radiation Oncology Department. Adv Radiat Oncol 2024; 9:101491. [PMID: 38757146 PMCID: PMC11096828 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2024.101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose During winter 2022, western New York faced 2 major storms with blizzard conditions and record-breaking snowfall. The severe weather resulted in power outages and travel bans. This study investigates the impact of these conditions on patient adherence to radiation therapy. Combining data from a large academic center and its satellite clinic, this single-center study sheds light on the challenges faced by cancer care facilities during severe weather and proposes suggestions to prevent and mitigate harm done by severe weather. Methods and Materials In this study, data were collected using the MOSAIQ Record and Verify system (v. 2.81) to generate deidentified reports of scheduled and treated patients. The treatment adherence rate was calculated by dividing the number of patients treated by the total number of patients scheduled. Data were specifically collected for patients undergoing treatment on linear accelerators at a primary academic center and a satellite facility. The study focused on working days from November 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023, excluding weekends and holidays (as treatments are not routinely scheduled). Severe weather days were identified using advisories from the National Weather Service and the local institution, including specific periods in November, December, and January. Results In the study, 15,010 scheduled treatment visits were recorded across the academic center and the satellite clinic. The mean daily treatment adherence rate was 91.7%. Severe weather conditions led to a significant reduction in adherence, with rates dropping to 77.8%. Adherence rates during nonsevere weather days were notably higher at 93.9%. Statistical analysis confirmed the substantial influence of severe weather on adherence (P < .001). Severe weather had a more pronounced impact on the satellite clinic during periods of severe weather, with absolute reduction in adherence rates of 21.9% versus 15% in the primary hospital. Moreover, adherence at the satellite clinic was lower than at the primary hospital site even under standard operating conditions (92.2% vs 94.0%, P < .001). Conclusion As a part of operational planning, it is important to be aware how severe weather can impact treatment adherence. Study findings underscore the importance of proactive measures to ensure patient access to health care services during adverse weather events and highlight the broader significance of incorporating consideration of social determinants of health into contingency planning for maintaining treatment continuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fekrmandi
- University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | | | | | - Sarah Hewson
- Southtowns Radiation Oncology, Orchard Park, New York
| | - Varun K. Chowdhry
- University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- Southtowns Radiation Oncology, Orchard Park, New York
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Muro A, Czajkowski S, Hall KL, Neta G, Weaver SJ, D'Angelo H. Climate Change Harm Perception Among U.S. Adults in the NCI Health Information National Trends Survey, 2022. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:625-632. [PMID: 38233070 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241228339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine associations between 1) sociodemographics and 2) trust in health information sources with climate change harm perception. METHODS Weighted adjusted logistic regression models examined correlates of climate change harm perception (harm vs no harm/don't know) among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (2022, n = 5585). RESULTS Sixty-four percent of U.S. adults believed climate change will harm their health. College education (vs high school or less) (AOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3, 2.2) and having greater trust in doctors (AOR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2, 1.7), scientists (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.6, 2.0), and government health agencies (AOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5, 1.9) for health information were associated with believing climate change harms health. Conversely, greater trust in religious organizations was associated with 16% lower odds of believing climate change harms health (95% CI .74, .94). CONCLUSIONS Climate change harm perception varied by sociodemographics and trust in health information source. Health communication delivered via alternative and diverse channels could expand the reach of climate and health messaging and ultimately increase public awareness and support for measures to mitigate the health impacts of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Muro
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Susan Czajkowski
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kara L Hall
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Gila Neta
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sallie J Weaver
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Heather D'Angelo
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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Haarmann-Stemmann T. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in environmentally induced cancers. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116304. [PMID: 38768762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Haarmann-Stemmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Crona J, Lee R, Sobczuk P, Wysoki O, Devnani B, Prasongsook N, Scheffler M, Jalving M. Reinventing ESMO after the COVID-19 pandemic: moving towards a sustainable academic society. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102531. [PMID: 38796283 PMCID: PMC11145755 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Crona
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester; Department of Cancer Sciences, Faculty Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - P Sobczuk
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - O Wysoki
- Department of Cancer Sciences, Faculty Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - B Devnani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - N Prasongsook
- Department of Medical Oncology, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - M Scheffler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Ortiz AP, Hospedales CJ, Méndez-Lázaro PA, Hamilton WM, Rolle LD, Shepherd JM, Espinel Z, Gay HA, Nogueira LM, Shultz JM. Protecting Caribbean patients diagnosed with cancer from compounding disasters. Lancet Oncol 2024; 25:e217-e224. [PMID: 38697167 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Caribbean small island developing states are becoming increasingly vulnerable to compounding disasters, prominently featuring climate-related hazards and pandemic diseases, which exacerbate existing barriers to cancer control in the region. We describe the complexities of cancer prevention and control efforts throughout the Caribbean small island developing states, including the unique challenges of people diagnosed with cancer in the region. We highlight potential solutions and strategies that concurrently address disaster adaptation and cancer control. Because Caribbean small island developing states are affected first and worst by the hazards of compounding disasters, the innovative solutions developed in the region are relevant for climate mitigation, disaster adaptation, and cancer control efforts globally. In the age of complex and cascading disaster scenarios, developing strategies to mitigate their effect on the cancer control continuum, and protecting the health and safety of people diagnosed with cancer from extreme events become increasingly urgent. The equitable development of such strategies relies on collaborative efforts among professionals whose diverse expertise from complementary fields infuses the local community perspective while focusing on implementing solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patricia Ortiz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - C James Hospedales
- EarthMedic and EarthNurse Foundation for Planetary Health, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago; Defeat-NCD Partnership Executive Committee Climate and Health, Healthy Caribbean Coalition, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pablo A Méndez-Lázaro
- Environmental Health Department, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | - LaShae D Rolle
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J Marshall Shepherd
- Institute for Resilient Infrastructure Systems, Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zelde Espinel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hiram A Gay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - James M Shultz
- Protect & Promote Population Health in Complex Crises, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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VoPham T, White AJ, Jones RR. Geospatial Science for the Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer in the Exposome Era. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:451-460. [PMID: 38566558 PMCID: PMC10996842 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Geospatial science is the science of location or place that harnesses geospatial tools, such as geographic information systems (GIS), to understand the features of the environment according to their locations. Geospatial science has been transformative for cancer epidemiologic studies through enabling large-scale environmental exposure assessments. As the research paradigm for the exposome, or the totality of environmental exposures across the life course, continues to evolve, geospatial science will serve a critical role in determining optimal practices for how to measure the environment as part of the external exposome. The objectives of this article are to provide a summary of key concepts, present a conceptual framework that illustrates how geospatial science is applied to environmental epidemiology in practice and through the lens of the exposome, and discuss the following opportunities for advancing geospatial science in cancer epidemiologic research: enhancing spatial and temporal resolutions and extents for geospatial data; geospatial methodologies to measure climate change factors; approaches facilitating the use of patient addresses in epidemiologic studies; combining internal exposome data and geospatial exposure models of the external exposome to provide insights into biological pathways for environment-disease relationships; and incorporation of geospatial data into personalized cancer screening policies and clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang VoPham
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alexandra J. White
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Rena R. Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
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Sharma A, Smyth L, Jian H, Vargas N, Bowles D, Hunter A. Are we teaching the health impacts of climate change in a clinically relevant way? A systematic narrative review of biomechanism-focused climate change learning outcomes in medical curricula. MEDICAL TEACHER 2024; 46:414-422. [PMID: 37722803 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2023.2256963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Introducing biomedical approaches to the health impacts of climate change can improve medical student engagement with relevant climate-related issues, improve the development of medical schemas, and minimise displacement into crowded medical curricula. This paper aims to systematically review the medical education curricula related to climate change, with a particular focus on systems-based biomechanisms for the health impacts of climate change. We do this to provide a clear agenda for further development of learning outcomes (LOs) in this area to maximize the clinical applicability of this knowledge. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic review was undertaken following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA; Liberati et al. 2009) guidelines for both the published and grey literature. Five databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, ERIC, Open Access Thesis and Dissertation, and Proquest Global Dissertation and Theses) were searched for works published between 2011 and June 2023. Full texts that contained LOs were the main inclusion criteria for the final review. Descriptive and content extraction guided the final narrative synthesis. RESULTS Analysis indicated that biomechanism-related LOs represented about 25% of each published LO set, on average. These outcomes were primarily at the "understand" level of Bloom's taxonomy and were spread across a range of body systems and climate-change aspects. Infectious diseases and extreme heat were strong focuses. Authorship analysis indicated that the majority of these sets of published LOs are from Western contexts and authored by researchers and educators with medical and population health qualifications. CONCLUSIONS Biomechanism-focused teaching about the health impacts of climate change is relatively rare in published curricula. Of the available sets of LOs, the majority are sourced from Western authors and are focused on a fairly circumscribed set of biomedical topics. There is scope to both broaden and deepen curriculum in this area, and we would recommend the field prioritise collaboration with medical educators from the Global South, where the effects of climate change are already the most acutely felt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Sharma
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Lillian Smyth
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Holly Jian
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Nicole Vargas
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Devin Bowles
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Arnagretta Hunter
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Lichter KE, Baniel CC, Do I, Medhat Y, Avula V, Nogueira LM, Bates JE, Paulsson A, Malik N, Hiatt RA, Yom SS, Mohamad O. Effects of Wildfire Events on California Radiation Oncology Clinics and Patients. Adv Radiat Oncol 2024; 9:101395. [PMID: 38304108 PMCID: PMC10831805 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2023.101395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The effect of climate-driven events, such as wildfires, on health care delivery and cancer care is a growing concern. Patients with cancer undergoing radiation therapy are particularly vulnerable to treatment interruptions, which have a direct effect on survival. We report the results of a study characterizing the effect of wildfires on radiation oncology clinics and their patients. Methods and Materials A survey of California radiation oncologists was used to evaluate emergency preparedness and the effect of wildfires on the delivery of radiation therapy services between 2017 and 2022. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's χ2 tests were performed to investigate potential relationships between provider characteristics, practice settings, and perceptions of the effect of wildfire events. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection data were employed to map the geographic distribution of wildfires to clinic locations. Results Response rate was 12.3% (51/415 radiation oncologists), representing 25% of clinics (43/176) in 41% (24/58) of California counties. Sixty-one percent (31/51) of respondents reported being affected by a wildfire, 2 of which are rural clinics (100%, 2/2) and 29 are (59%, 29/49) metropolitan practices. Of these, 18% (9/51) reported a clinic closure, and 29% (15/51) reported staffing shortages. Respondents reported effects on patients, including having to evacuate (55%, 28/51), cancel/reschedule treatments (53%, 27/51), and experiencing physical, mental, or financial hardship due to wildfires (45%, 23/51). Respondents described effects on clinical operations, including being forced to transfer patients (24%, 12/51), transportation interruptions (37%, 19/51), regional/community evacuations (35%, 18/51), and physical/mental health effects (27%, 14/51) on clinic personnel. Less than half of the respondents (47%, 24/51) reported their workplace had a wildfire emergency preparedness plan. Additionally, geographic analysis revealed that 100% (176/176) of clinics were located within 25 miles of a wildfire. Conclusions This study highlights the effects of wildfires on radiation oncology clinics and patients and underscores the need for emergency preparedness planning to minimize the consequences of such disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Lichter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- The Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Claire C. Baniel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Isabelle Do
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Yasmeen Medhat
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Vennela Avula
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - James E. Bates
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Nauman Malik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert A. Hiatt
- The Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sue S. Yom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Osama Mohamad
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Bernicker E, Averbuch SD, Edge S, Kamboj J, Khuri FR, Pierce JY, Schiller J, Sirohi B, Thomas A, Moushey A, Phillips J, Hendricks C. Climate Change and Cancer Care: A Policy Statement From ASCO. JCO Oncol Pract 2024; 20:178-186. [PMID: 38011607 DOI: 10.1200/op.23.00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen Edge
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Allyn Moushey
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA
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Watson TPG, Tong M, Bailie J, Ekanayake K, Bailie RS. Relationship between climate change and skin cancer and implications for prevention and management: a scoping review. Public Health 2024; 227:243-249. [PMID: 38262229 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the published research on the relationship between climate change and skin cancer and the implications for prevention, management and further research. STUDY DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS This scoping review following JBI methodology reviewed English articles identified in searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus on 14 April 2023. The screening of articles was completed by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted by a single reviewer and checked by another. A causal pathway diagram was iteratively developed throughout the review and was used to categorise the findings. RESULTS The search identified 1376 papers, of which 45 were included in the final review. Nine papers reported primary research, and 36 papers were reviews, perspectives, commentaries, editorials, or essays. The papers examined climate change influencing behaviours related to ultraviolet exposure (30 papers), ambient temperature (21 papers) and air pollution (five papers) as possible risk factors; occupational, rural, and contextual factors affecting skin cancer (11 papers); and prevention and access to health care in the context of climate change (seven papers). Most papers were published in journals in subject areas other than health. CONCLUSIONS This review identified ultraviolet radiation, occupation, rising temperature, individual behaviour and air pollution as possible influences on skin cancer rates. Furthermore, it highlights the complexity and uncertainties in the relationship between climate change and skin cancer and the need for further research on this relationship, including primary epidemiological research and reviews that follow recognised review guidelines and include assessment of health services and social determinants in the causal pathways of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P G Watson
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050, Australia; University Centre for Rural Health, The University of Sydney, Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia
| | - M Tong
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - J Bailie
- University Centre for Rural Health, The University of Sydney, Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - K Ekanayake
- University of Sydney Library, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - R S Bailie
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050, Australia.
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Nittala MR, Yang J, Velazquez AE, Salvemini JD, Vance GR, Grady CC, Hathaway B, Roux JA, Vijayakumar S. Precision Population Cancer Medicine in Cancer of the Uterine Cervix: A Potential Roadmap to Eradicate Cervical Cancer. Cureus 2024; 16:e53733. [PMID: 38455773 PMCID: PMC10919943 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
With the success of the Human Genome Project, the era of genomic medicine (GM) was born. Later on, as GM made progress, there was a feeling of exhilaration that GM could help resolve many disease processes. It also led to the conviction that personalized medicine was possible, and a relatively synonymous word, precision medicine (PM), was coined. However, the influence of environmental factors and social determinants of diseases was only partially given their due importance in the definition of PM, although more recently, this has been recognized. With the rapid advances in GM, big data, data mining, wearable devices for health monitoring, telemedicine, etc., PM can be more easily extended to population-level health care in disease management, prevention, early screening, and so on.and the term precision population medicine (PPM) more aptly describes it. PPM's potential in cancer care was posited earlier,and the current authors planned a series of cancer disease-specific follow-up articles. These papers are mainly aimed at helping emerging students in health sciences (medicine, pharmacy, nursing, dentistry, public health, population health), healthcare management (health-focused business administration, nonprofit administration, public institutional administration, etc.), and policy-making (e.g., political science), although not exclusively. This first disease-specific report focuses on the cancer of the uterine cervix (CC). It describes how recent breakthroughs can be leveraged as force multipliers to improve outcomes in CC - by improving early detection, better screening for CC, potential GM-based interventions during the stage of persistent Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and treatment interventions - especially among the disadvantaged and resource-scarce populations. This work is a tiny step in our attempts to improve outcomes in CC and ultimately eradicate CC from the face of the earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Nittala
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Johnny Yang
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | | | - John D Salvemini
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Gregory R Vance
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Camille C Grady
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Bradley Hathaway
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Roux
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
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Nogueira L, Florez N. The Impact of Climate Change on Global Oncology. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:105-121. [PMID: 37580192 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is the greatest threat to human health of our time, with significant implications for global cancer control efforts. The changing frequency and behavior of climate-driven extreme weather events results in more frequent and increasingly unanticipated disruptions in access to cancer care. Given the significant threat that climate change poses to cancer control efforts, oncology professionals should champion initiatives that help protect the health and safety of patients with cancer, such as enhancing emergency preparedness and response efforts and reducing emissions from our own professional activities, which has health cobenefits for the entire population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Nogueira
- Surveillance and Health Equity Sciences, American Cancer Society, Palm Harbor, FL, USA.
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Nogueira LM, Yabroff KR. Climate change and cancer: the Environmental Justice perspective. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:15-25. [PMID: 37813679 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer control-prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship-racial disparities in cancer incidence and survival persist and, in some cases, are widening in the United States. Since 2020, there's been growing recognition of the role of structural racism, including structurally racist policies and practices, as the main factor contributing to historical and contemporary disparities. Structurally racist policies and practices have been present since the genesis of the United States and are also at the root of environmental injustices, which result in disproportionately high exposure to environmental hazards among communities targeted for marginalization, increased cancer risk, disruptions in access to care, and worsening health outcomes. In addition to widening cancer disparities, environmental injustices enable the development of polluting infrastructure, which contribute to detrimental health outcomes in the entire population, and to climate change, the most pressing public health challenge of our time. In this commentary, we describe the connections between climate change and cancer through an Environmental Justice perspective (defined as the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of people of all racialized groups, nationalities, or income, in all aspects, including development, implementation, and enforcement, of policies and practices that affect the environment and public health), highlighting how the expertise developed in communities targeted for marginalization is crucial for addressing health disparities, tackling climate change, and advancing cancer control efforts for the entire population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia M Nogueira
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K Robin Yabroff
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Bonfiglio R, Scimeca M, Mauriello A. The impact of environmental pollution on cancer: Risk mitigation strategies to consider. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166219. [PMID: 37567301 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bonfiglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Samba VL, Mezgebu E, Habtes H, Oti NO, Mangongolo BM, Bafumba R, Burns K, Sierra MFO, Challinor J, de Villiers M. Climate change and oncology nursing: the African perspective. Ecancermedicalscience 2023; 17:1621. [PMID: 38414956 PMCID: PMC10898901 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2023.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is impacting the lives of millions around the world and exacerbating existing challenges in healthcare globally. Although Africa contributes only 2%-3% of global greenhouse gas emissions, it suffers a disproportionate share of the environmental impact. High-income countries dominate the global discourse on climate change, while their continued utilisation of extractive policies exacerbates climate hazards and impacts economies in regions not responsible for the damage. Cancer is on the rise and constitutes a significant public health burden in low- and middle-income countries, yet little is known about the impact of climate change on oncology nursing on the African continent. To address the ways that climate change is exacerbating existing challenges and adding new difficulties for oncology care, it is essential that the expertise of professionals working in settings that are most impacted by the threats of climate change is amplified if climate crisis risks are to be effectively mitigated. Seven African oncology nurses from across sub-Saharan Africa were reflexively interviewed by voice over internet protocol (VOIP) in English to learn about their understanding of climate change and experiences with its impact on nursing care. Using a conceptual framework to map the impact of climate change on health and considering the vulnerability and social capacity of patients with cancer, our findings show how existing challenges to oncology nursing care are exacerbated by climate change on the continent. Food insecurity, national economic dependency on the agricultural sector, economic inequality, social vulnerability and isolation, transportation challenges, and the immunocompromised status of patients with cancer are all key concerns for oncology nurses in this context. We also present the nurses' specific recommendations for governments, hospital authorities, and oncology nurses regarding climate change mitigation, adaptation, and event response strategies. With this work, we aim to lay a foundation for further investigation and action to mitigate the oncoming challenges of climate disaster for oncology nurses across sub-Saharan Africa and the patients and families they care for.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esubalew Mezgebu
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Jimma University Medical Center, MVM3+RV7, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Habtes
- Oncology Center, Hiwot Fana Specialized Hospital, 844H+5M3, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Naomi Ohene Oti
- National Radiotherapy Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Centre, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
- https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-0364
| | | | - Ritah Bafumba
- Haematology and Lymphoma Unit, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kathryn Burns
- Independent Qualitative Research, Budapest, Hungary
- https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-1088
| | - Maria Fernanda Olarte Sierra
- Medical Anthropology and Global Health Institute for Cultural and Social Anthropology, University of Vienna, Universitätsstraße 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Challinor
- School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5008-8501
| | - Martjie de Villiers
- Adelaide Tambo School of Nursing Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Arias NM, Durán ÁAA, Lozano MYR, de la Serna CDDLR, Olarte-Sierra MÍF, Challinor J, Arbelaez YVG, Díaz MYM, Rodríguez LDR. Climate change and cancer: an oncology nurse perspective in two Colombian regions. Ecancermedicalscience 2023; 17:1620. [PMID: 38414942 PMCID: PMC10898873 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2023.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the lack of publications and public policies addressing the relationship between climate change and cancer care in Colombia, we present an exploration of the perspectives and communication practices of a group of nurses from Valle del Cauca and Antioquia. We provide a context based on the available literature on climate change and general health then provide an overview of cancer in the country. Next, we present how oncology nurses have incorporated information about strategies their patients can use to mitigate the effects of climate change on their health. We highlight the centrality of patient-centered communication using a framework from the US National Cancer Institute) and the fundamental role nurses have in patients' experiences throughout their treatment. We conclude with the need to investigate oncology nurse communication practices in other Colombian hospitals, with consideration of culture, cancer stigma, barriers to care and other factors that may influence successful climate change mitigation and to better understand how other Latin American oncology nurses are addressing this serious challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Martínez Arias
- Nursing Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Central Unit of Valle del Cauca, Carrera 27A, Tuluá 763021, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Mar Ía Fernanda Olarte-Sierra
- Medical Anthropology and Global Health, Institute for Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Vienna, Universitätsstraße 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Challinor
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94102, USA
| | - Yuli Vanessa Girón Arbelaez
- Nurse Specialist in Adult Oncology, Hospital Education Program Leader, Fundación Valle del Lili Hospital, Cali 760002, Colombia
| | | | - Luz Damaris Rojas Rodríguez
- Researcher and Director of the Healthcare and Society Group, Nursing Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Central Unit of Valle del Cauca, Carrera 27A, Tuluá 763021, Colombia
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Hawaamdah J, Fowler M. The impact of climate change on cancer nursing in Palestine. Ecancermedicalscience 2023; 17:ed129. [PMID: 38414950 PMCID: PMC10898889 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2023.ed129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the third leading cause of death in Palestine, with many cancers diagnosed at a late stage. In contrast to the developed world, two thirds of cancer diagnoses occur between the ages of 15 and 64, moreover, 10% of all cancer diagnoses occur in children under the age of 10 (compared to 0.05% of all new cancer diagnoses in the UK). Cancer nursing as a speciality in Palestine is newly established in the last 5 years; partly helped by the introduction of the Higher Diploma in Cancer and Palliative Care Nursing, and more recently the delivery of the first intake of the Master of Science in Cancer and Palliative Care Nursing at Bethlehem University. There are many challenges faced by cancer patients and nurses in Palestine; there is only one facility in the West Bank that delivers radiotherapy, 2 PET-CT scanners for the whole of the West Bank, with no PET-CT or radiotherapy facilities in Gaza. There are 2 haematology units in the West Bank that perform autologous stem cell transplants for adults and any haematology patient (adult or child) requiring an allogeneic stem cell/bone marrow transplant has to be referred to neighbouring Israel or Jordan. Climate change might have both a direct and indirect impact on the growth of cancers and on cancer treatment and oncology nurses. Over the last 150 years the planet has warmed by over one degree Celsius resulting in disastrous consequences for the environment. Nurses make up the largest number of the healthcare workforce and are ideally placed to have a positive impact on the global warming crisis due to their leadership roles as well as their work in health promotion. They equally do a lot to help cancer patients to deal with its effects and often care for patients from marginalised groups. It is important for nurses to take the lead and move immediately to make health systems more resistant to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehad Hawaamdah
- Department of Continuous Nursing Education, Augusta Victoria Hospital, Rabe’a Al A’ddaweya Street, Mount of Olives/East Jerusalem
| | - Matthew Fowler
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Uttoxeter Road, Derby, DE22 3NE, UK
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Espinel Z, Shultz JM, Aubry VP, Abraham OM, Fan Q, Crane TE, Sahar L, Nogueira LM. Protecting vulnerable patient populations from climate hazards: the role of the nation's cancer centers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:1252-1261. [PMID: 37490548 PMCID: PMC11009498 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals diagnosed with cancer are a vulnerable population during disasters. Emergency preparedness efforts are crucial for meeting the health and safety needs of patients, health-care professionals, health-care facilities, and communities before, during, and after a disaster. Recognizing the importance of advancing emergency preparedness expertise to cancer control efforts nationwide, especially in the era of climate change, we searched National Cancer Institute-designated cancer centers' websites to examine emergency preparedness information sharing and evidence of research efforts focused on disaster preparedness. Of 71 centers, 56 (78.9%) presented some emergency preparedness information, and 36 (50.7%) presented information specific to individuals diagnosed with cancer. Only 17 (23.9%) centers provided emergency preparedness information for climate-driven disasters. Informed by these data, this commentary describes an opportunity for cancer centers to lead knowledge advancement on an important aspect of climate change adaptation: disaster preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelde Espinel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - James M Shultz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vanina Pavia Aubry
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omar Muñoz Abraham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Qinjin Fan
- Surveillance and Health Equity Sciences, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Tracy E Crane
- Division of Medical Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Liora Sahar
- Data Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Leticia M Nogueira
- Surveillance and Health Equity Sciences, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA, USA
- Climate and Health Initiative, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Miami, FL, USA
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Alkhathami AG, Sahib AS, Al Fayi MS, Fadhil AA, Jawad MA, Shafik SA, Sultan SJ, Almulla AF, Shen M. Glycolysis in human cancers: Emphasis circRNA/glycolysis axis and nanoparticles in glycolysis regulation in cancer therapy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116007. [PMID: 37119844 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of cancer has been an interesting hallmark and metabolic reprogramming, especially the change from oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria to glucose metabolism known as glycolysis occurs in cancer. The molecular profile of glycolysis, related molecular pathways and enzymes involved in this mechanism such as hexokinase have been fully understood. The glycolysis inhibition can significantly decrease tumorigenesis. On the other hand, circRNAs are new emerging non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules with potential biological functions and aberrant expression in cancer cells which have received high attention in recent years. CircRNAs have a unique covalently closed loop structure which makes them highly stable and reliable biomarkers in cancer. CircRNAs are regulators of molecular mechanisms including glycolysis. The enzymes involved in the glycolysis mechanism such as hexokinase are regulated by circRNAs to modulate tumor progression. Induction of glycolysis by circRNAs can significantly increase proliferation rate of cancer cells given access to energy and enhance metastasis. CircRNAs regulating glycolysis can influence drug resistance in cancers because of theirimpact on malignancy of tumor cells upon glycolysis induction. TRIM44, CDCA3, SKA2 and ROCK1 are among the downstream targets of circRNAs in regulating glycolysis in cancer. Additionally, microRNAs are key regulators of glycolysis mechanism in cancer cells and can affect related molecular pathways and enzymes. CircRNAs sponge miRNAs to regulate glycolysis as a main upstream mediator. Moreover, nanoparticles have been emerged as new tools in tumorigenesis suppression and in addition to drug and gene delivery, then mediate cancer immunotherapy and can be used for vaccine development. The nanoparticles can delivery circRNAs in cancer therapy and they are promising candidates in regulation of glycolysis, its suppression and inhibition of related pathways such as HIF-1α. The stimuli-responsive nanoparticles and ligand-functionalized ones have been developed for selective targeting of glycolysis and cancer cells, and mediating carcinogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali G Alkhathami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameer S Sahib
- Department of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hilla, Iraq
| | - Majed Saad Al Fayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Abed Jawad
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Iraq
| | - Sahar Ahmad Shafik
- Professor of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Fayum University, Egypt; College of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Iraq
| | | | - Abbas F Almulla
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China.
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Aziz F, Shoaib N, Rehman A. Hub genes identification and association of key pathways with hypoxia in cancer cells: A bioinformatics analysis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103752. [PMID: 37593462 PMCID: PMC10428120 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Three human cancer cell lines (A549, HCT116, and HeLa) were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms and potential prognostic biomarkers associated with hypoxia. We obtained gene expression data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE11704, GSE147384, and GSE38061, which included 5 hypoxic and 8 control samples. Using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software, we identified common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs). The cDEGs were then subjected to Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis by employing DAVID. The hub genes were identified from critical PPI subnetworks through CytoHuba plugin and these genes' prognostic significance and expression were verified using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), respectively. The research showed 676 common DEGs (cDEGs), with 207 upregulated and 469 downregulated genes. The STRING analysis showed 673 nodes and 1446 edges in the PPI network. We identified 4 significant modules and 19 downregulated hub genes. GO analysis revealed all of them were majorly involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly and biogenesis, rRNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, translation, RNA & protein binding frequently at the sites of nucleolus and nucleoplasm while 11 were significantly associated with a better prognosis of hypoxic tumors. Our research sheds light on the molecular mechanisms that underpin hypoxia in human cancer cell lines and identifies potential prognostic biomarkers for hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Aziz
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naila Shoaib
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
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Encinas P, Rodriguez-Arias JL, Pérez LML, Cortizo D, Gutierrez E. Ambient temperature modulates body weight changes in patients with advanced oncological diseases and anorexia cachexia syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:1451-1459. [PMID: 37400741 PMCID: PMC10432328 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of ambient temperature (AT) on the evolution of bodyweight in patients with heterogeneous types of cancer in advanced stages of the disease (stages III and IV) and anorexia- cachexia syndrome (ACS). METHODS A prospective naturalistic multicenter study of patients undergoing oncological treatment at four hospitals during a three-year period (2017-2020) in the Autonomous Community of Extremadura in southwestern Spain with a continentalized Mediterranean climate of mild and relatively rainy winters, and particularly hot and sunny summers. Bodyweight changes were obtained from the medical records of 84 oncological patients (59 men and 25 women, age range 37-91 yrs). Mean monthly AT was used to examine the association of weight changes across cold and warm bimesters -BIMs (December and January, vs. July and August), Trimesters -TRIMs (July to September vs. December to February), and Semesters -SEMs (May to October vs. November to April). Weight changes between two consecutive weight measures were categorized as weight gain, weight loss, or no weight change. Differences across cold and warm seasons were analysed using parametric (ANOVA), and nonparametric statistics (Chi-square and binomial z tests). An alpha-rate of 0.05 was used for all analyses. RESULTS A weight loss trend was observed during BIMs cold periods in comparison to warm ones (p 0.04). However, differences in average bodyweight were not significant. The negative impact of cold periods was more marked in men than in women, (p = 0.05; p = 0.03, for cold vs. warm BIMs and TRIMs, respectively). In contrast, significantly higher weight gain percentages were found in women during warm TRIMs and SEMs (p = 0.03, and p = 0.01, respectively). As for the number of patients dying during the study (N = 56; 39 men, 17 women), there were a significant interaction between temperature (cold/warm), and mean weight F (1, 499) = 6.06, p = 0.01, which revealed a pattern of weight loss in the cold semester as opposed to weight gain during the warm SEM months. CONCLUSIONS AT temperature modulated body weight changes in patients with advanced oncological disease and ACS. Two main limitations of the study were the absence of information on diets as a moderating factor of weight loss/gain, and the lack of the patients' weight measurements closest to the date of diagnosis prior to admittance to the study. As for the practical implications, it remains to be seen whether an adjunctive heat supply will serve a buffering effect on weight loss during colder seasons for patients with advanced cancer and ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Encinas
- Departamento de Psicología y Antropología. Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rodriguez-Arias
- Servicio de Salud Mental. Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (C.H.U.A.C.), Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Luengo Pérez
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Daniel Cortizo
- Unidad Venres Clínicos, Servicio de Psicología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Emilio Gutierrez
- Unidad Venres Clínicos, Servicio de Psicología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain.
- Departamento de Psicología Clínica y Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Chuter R, Stanford-Edwards C, Cummings J, Taylor C, Lowe G, Holden E, Razak R, Glassborow E, Herbert S, Reggian G, Mee T, Lichter K, Aznar M. Towards estimating the carbon footprint of external beam radiotherapy. Phys Med 2023; 112:102652. [PMID: 37552912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK) is aiming to be carbon net zero by 2040 to help limit the dangerous effects of climate change. Radiotherapy contributes to this with potential sources quantified here. METHOD Activity data for 42 patients from within the breast IMRT and prostate VMAT pathways were collected. Data for 20 prostate patients was also collected from 3 other centres to enable cross centre comparison. A process-based, bottom-up approach was used to calculate the carbon footprint. Additionally, patients were split into pre-COVID and COVID groups to assess the impact of protocol changes due to the pandemic. RESULTS The calculated carbon footprint for prostate and breast pre-COVID were 148 kgCO2e and 101 kgCO2e respectively, and 226 kgCO2e and 75 kgCO2e respectively during COVID. The energy usage by the linac during treatment for a total course of radiotherapy for prostate treatments was 2-3 kWh and about 1 kWh for breast treatments. Patient travel made up the largest proportion (70-80%) of the calculated carbon footprint, with linac idle power second with ∼ 10% and PPE and SF6 leakage were both between 2 and 4%. CONCLUSION These initial findings highlight that the biggest contributor to the external beam radiotherapy carbon footprint was patient travel, which may motivate increased used of hypofractionation. Many assumptions and boundaries have been set on the data gathered, which limit the wider application of these results. However, they provide a useful foundation for future more comprehensive life cycle assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Chuter
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering (CMPE), The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | | | - James Cummings
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering (CMPE), The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Clare Taylor
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering (CMPE), The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Gerry Lowe
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Rickmansworth Rd, Northwood HA6 2RN, UK
| | - Eleanor Holden
- Guy's and St Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, Great Maze Pond, London, UK
| | - Rehanah Razak
- King's College London, Department of Medical Engineering and Physics, London, UK
| | - Eloise Glassborow
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering (CMPE), The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK; Auckland District Health Board, Green Lane West 214, Auckland, NZ
| | - Stephen Herbert
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, South West Wales Cancer Centre, Swansea, UK
| | - Genotan Reggian
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, South West Wales Cancer Centre, Swansea, UK
| | - Thomas Mee
- NHS England, 3 Piccadilly Place, Manchester M1 3BN, UK
| | - Katie Lichter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Marianne Aznar
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Wei Y, Danesh Yazdi M, Ma T, Castro E, Liu CS, Qiu X, Healy J, Vu BN, Wang C, Shi L, Schwartz J. Additive effects of 10-year exposures to PM 2.5 and NO 2 and primary cancer incidence in American older adults. Environ Epidemiol 2023; 7:e265. [PMID: 37545804 PMCID: PMC10402937 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic evidence on the relationships between air pollution and the risks of primary cancers other than lung cancer remained largely lacking. We aimed to examine associations of 10-year exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with risks of breast, prostate, colorectal, and endometrial cancers. Methods For each cancer, we constructed a separate cohort among the national Medicare beneficiaries during 2000 to 2016. We simultaneously examined the additive associations of six exposures, namely, moving average exposures to PM2.5 and NO2 over the year of diagnosis and previous 2 years, previous 3 to 5 years, and previous 6 to 10 years, with the risk of first cancer diagnosis after 10 years of follow-up, during which there was no cancer diagnosis. Results The cohorts included 2.2 to 6.5 million subjects for different cancers. Exposures to PM2.5 and NO2 were associated with increased risks of colorectal and prostate cancers but were not associated with endometrial cancer risk. NO2 was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer, while the association for PM2.5 remained inconclusive. At exposure levels below the newly updated World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline, we observed substantially larger associations between most exposures and the risks of all cancers, which were translated to hundreds to thousands new cancer cases per year within the cohort per unit increase in each exposure. Conclusions These findings suggested substantial cancer burden was associated with exposures to PM2.5 and NO2, emphasizing the urgent need for strategies to mitigate air pollution levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Wei
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mahdieh Danesh Yazdi
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Tszshan Ma
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Edgar Castro
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cristina Su Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xinye Qiu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James Healy
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bryan N. Vu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liuhua Shi
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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25
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Lichter KE, Weinstein HNW, Husain M, Kishan R, Hantel A, Maniar A. National Cancer Institute Centers With Environmental Sustainability Plans for Climate Change. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2317206. [PMID: 37338908 PMCID: PMC10282889 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.17206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This qualitative study investigates environmental sustainability plans at National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Centers and affiliated institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marium Husain
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
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26
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Aliya S, Farani MR, Kim E, Kim S, Gupta VK, Kumar K, Huh YS. Therapeutic targeting of the tumor microenvironments with cannabinoids and their analogs: Update on clinical trials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:115862. [PMID: 37146933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major global public health concern that affects both industrialized and developing nations. Current cancer chemotherapeutic options are limited by side effects, but plant-derived alternatives and their derivatives offer the possibilities of enhanced treatment response and reduced side effects. A plethora of recently published articles have focused on treatments based on cannabinoids and cannabinoid analogs and reported that they positively affect healthy cell growth and reverse cancer-related abnormalities by targeting aberrant tumor microenvironments (TMEs), lowering tumorigenesis, preventing metastasis, and/or boosting the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Furthermore, TME modulating systems are receiving much interest in the cancer immunotherapy field because it has been shown that TMEs have significant impacts on tumor progression, angiogenesis, invasion, migration, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis and development of drug resistance. Here, we have reviewed the effective role of cannabinoids, their analogs and cannabinoid nano formulations on the cellular components of TME (endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblast and immune cells) and how efficiently it retards the progression of carcinogenesis is discussed. The article summarizes the existing research on the molecular mechanisms of cannabinoids regulation of the TME and finally highlights the human studies on cannabinoids' active interventional clinical trials. The conclusion outlines the need for future research involving clinical trials of cannabinoids to demonstrate their efficacy and activity as a treatment/prevention for various types of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheik Aliya
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eunsu Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Suheon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Hassan AM, Nogueira L, Lin YL, Rogers JE, Nori-Sarma A, Offodile AC. Impact of Heatwaves on Cancer Care Delivery: Potential Mechanisms, Health Equity Concerns, and Adaptation Strategies. J Clin Oncol 2023:JCO2201951. [PMID: 37098249 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas M Hassan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Yu-Li Lin
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jane E Rogers
- Pharmacy Clinical Programs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amruta Nori-Sarma
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Anaeze Chidiebele Offodile
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Institute for Cancer Care Innovation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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28
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Sadeghi A, Leddin D, Malekzadeh R. Mini Review: The Impact of Climate Change on Gastrointestinal Health. Middle East J Dig Dis 2023; 15:72-75. [PMID: 37546513 PMCID: PMC10404088 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2023.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming and climate change are important worldwide issues which are a major human health threat. Climate change can affect the gastrointestinal (GI) system in many ways. Increased rainfall events and flooding may be associated with increased GI infections and hepatitis. Climate change could cause changes in gut microbiota, which may impact the pattern of GI diseases. The stress of access to essential needs such as clean water and food, the effects of forced migration, and natural disasters could increase brain-gut axis disorders. The association between air pollution and GI disorders is another challenging issue. There is a lot to do personally and professionally as gastroenterologists regarding climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Sadeghi
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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VoPham T, Jones RR. State of the science on outdoor air pollution exposure and liver cancer risk. ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANCES 2023; 11:100354. [PMID: 36875691 PMCID: PMC9984166 DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2023.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background There is emerging evidence that air pollution exposure increases the risk of developing liver cancer. To date, there have been four epidemiologic studies conducted in the United States, Taiwan, and Europe showing generally consistent positive associations between ambient exposure to air pollutants, including particulate matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and liver cancer risk. There are several research gaps and thus valuable opportunities for future work to continue building on this expanding body of literature. The objectives of this paper are to narratively synthesize existing epidemiologic literature on the association between air pollution exposure and liver cancer incidence and describe future research directions to advance the science of understanding the role of air pollution exposure in liver cancer development. Future research directions include 1) accounting for potential confounding by established risk factors for the predominant histological subtype, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); 2) examination of incident primary liver cancer outcomes with consideration of potential differential associations according to histology; 3) air pollution exposure assessments considering early-life and/or historical exposures, residential histories, residual confounding from other sources of air pollution (e.g., tobacco smoking), and integration of geospatial ambient exposure modeling with novel biomarker technologies; 4) examination of air pollution mixtures experienced in the exposome; 5) consideration of increased opportunities for exposure to outdoor air pollution due to climate change (e.g., wildfires); and 6) consideration of modifying factors for air pollution exposure, such as socioeconomic status, that may contribute to disparities in liver cancer incidence. Conclusions In light of mounting evidence demonstrating that higher levels of air pollution exposure increase the risk for developing liver cancer, methodological considerations primarily concerning residual confounding and improved exposure assessment are warranted to robustly demonstrate an independent association for air pollution as a hepatocarcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang VoPham
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 3980 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Rena R. Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC 9776, Bethesda, Maryland 20850, United States
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30
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Jurgilevich A, Käyhkö J, Räsänen A, Pörsti S, Lagström H, Käyhkö J, Juhola S. Factors influencing vulnerability to climate change-related health impacts in cities - A conceptual framework. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107837. [PMID: 36921561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change will have adverse impacts on human health, which are amplified in cities. For these impacts, there are direct, indirect, and deferred pathways. The first category is well-studied, while indirect and deferred impacts are not well-understood. Moreover, the factors moderating the impacts have received little attention, although understanding these factors is critical for adaptation. We developed a conceptual framework that shows the pathways of climate impacts on human health, focusing specifically on the factors of urban environment moderating the emergence and severity of these health impacts. Based on the framework and literature review, we illustrate the mechanisms of direct, indirect, and deferred health impact occurrence and the factors that exacerbate or alleviate the severity of these impacts, thus presenting valuable insights for anticipatory adaptation. We conclude that an integrated systemic approach to preventing health risks from climate change can provide co-benefits for adaptation and address multiple health risks. Such an approach should be mainstreamed horizontally to all sectors of urban planning and should account for the spatiotemporal aspects of policy and planning decisions and city complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janina Käyhkö
- University of Helsinki, Environment and Ecosystems Research Programme, Finland
| | | | | | - Hanna Lagström
- University of Turku, Centre for Population Health Research and Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jukka Käyhkö
- University of Turku, Department of Geography and Geology, Finland
| | - Sirkku Juhola
- University of Helsinki, Environment and Ecosystems Research Programme, Finland
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31
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Stelzner S, Keller G, Gockel I, Herrmann M. [Climate change and (surgical) health in context]. CHIRURGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 94:191-198. [PMID: 36688970 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-022-01795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impacts of the climate crisis will result in a health crisis in addition to loss of habitats and increasing supply uncertainty. In this context, the health sector and especially surgery are relevant emitters of greenhouse gases, thus contributing to the magnitude of the climate crisis. Many reviews regarding the impacts on human health are available; however, a view from the surgical perspective has so far been underrepresented. MATERIAL AND METHODS This narrative review summarizes the relevance of climate-related changes for the surgical disciplines based on a literature search. RESULTS Immediate impacts are expected by the increasing number of extreme weather events, e.g., floods, droughts and wildfires. In these settings, surgery is a part of the disaster medicine chain but simultaneously the functionality of surgical departments can be impaired or even break down when they are themselves affected by extreme weather events. Heat waves cause an increase in surgical site infections, which may lead to postponement of elective surgery for patients at high risk. Collateral impacts are mirrored by an increase in the incidence of lung and skin cancers, which often need surgical treatment within a multidisciplinary setting. Additionally, there are indirect impacts that are of a very different nature, e.g., inadequate diet which leads to further deterioration of the greenhouse gas footprint of the health sector due to the necessity of bariatric surgical capacities. CONCLUSION The climate crisis represents a major challenge in surgery and all other medical disciplines. At the same time is it indispensable that the health sector and therefore surgery, take steps towards a zero emission pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigmar Stelzner
- Klinik für Viszeral‑, Transplantations‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | | | - Ines Gockel
- Klinik für Viszeral‑, Transplantations‑, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Martin Herrmann
- KLUG - Deutsche Allianz Klimawandel und Gesundheit e. V., Berlin, Deutschland
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32
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Climate toxicity: An increasingly relevant clinical issue in Cancer Care. J Cancer Policy 2023; 35:100410. [PMID: 36773799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2023.100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years the terms time and financial toxicities have entered the vocabulary of cancer care. We would like to introduce another toxicity: climate toxicity. Climate toxicity is a double-edge sword in cancer care. Increasing cancer risk by exposure to carcinogens, and consequently increasing treatment requirements leads to ever growing damage to our environment. This article assesses the impact of climate change on patients, the climate toxicity caused by both healthcare workers and healthcare facilities, and suggests actions that may be taken mitigate them.
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33
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Zhou P, Lu SL, Chang L, Liao B, Cheng M, Xu X, Sui X, Liu F, Zhang M, Wang Y, Yang R, Li R, Pan H, Zhang C. The pan-cancer landscape of abnormal DNA methylation and intratumor microorganisms. Neoplasia 2023; 37:100882. [PMID: 36791577 PMCID: PMC9958063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play very important roles in carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and resistance upon treatment. Due to the challenge of accurately acquiring samples and quantifying low-biomass tissue microorganisms, most studies have focused on the effect of gut microorganisms on cancer treatments, especially the efficacy of immunotherapy. Although recent publications reveal the potential interactions between intratumor microorganisms and the immune microenvironment, whether and to what extent the intratumor microorganism could affect progression and treatment outcome remain controversial. This study is aiming to evaluate the associations among intratumor microorganisms, DNA methylation cancer driver genes, immune response, and clinical outcomes from a pan-cancer perspective, using 6,876 TCGA samples across 21 cancer types. We revealed that tumor microorganism dysbiosis is closely associated with the abnormal tumor methylome and/or tumor microenvironment, which might serve to enhance the proliferation ability and fitness for the therapy of tumors. These findings shed the light on a better understanding of the interactions between tumor cells and carcinogens during and after tumor formation, as well as microorganism-associated methylation alterations that could further serve as biomarkers for clinical outcome assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Liang Chang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Baoying Liao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sui
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Fenting Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingshu Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yinxue Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Heng Pan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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34
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Gan T, Bambrick H, Ebi KL, Hu W. Does global warming increase the risk of liver cancer in Australia? Perspectives based on spatial variability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160412. [PMID: 36427742 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Australia has experienced an astonishing increase in liver cancer over the past few decades and the epidemiological reasons behind this are puzzling. The existing recognized risk factors for liver cancer, viral hepatitis, and alcohol consumption, are inconsistent with the trend in liver cancer. Behind the effects of migration and metabolic disease lies a potential contribution of climate change to an increase in liver cancer. This study explored the climate-associated distribution of high-risk areas for liver cancer by comparing liver cancer to lung cancer and finds that the incidence of liver cancer is more pronounced in hot and humid areas. This study showed the risk of liver cancer was higher in the equatorial region and tropical regions. These results will extend the study on the health consequences of climate change and provide more ideas and directions for future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gan
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, QLD, Australia
| | - Hilary Bambrick
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, QLD, Australia; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, ACT, Australia
| | - Kristie L Ebi
- Center for Health and the Global Environment, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, QLD, Australia.
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35
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Chauhan M, Dhar ZA, Gorki V, Sharma S, Koul A, Bala S, Kaur R, Kaur S, Sharma M, Dhingra N. Exploration of anticancer potential of Lantadenes from weed Lantana camara: Synthesis, in silico, in vitro and in vivo studies. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113525. [PMID: 36442578 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoids and their semisynthetic analogues have engrossed increasing attention for their anticancer potential and exhibiting promising role in discovery of new anticancer agents. Present study include the semi synthetic modifications of Lantadenes from the weed Lantana carama and their structures delineation by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR & mass spectroscopy. All the compounds were scrutinized for in vitro cytotoxicity, ligand receptor interaction and in vivo anticancer studies. Most of the novel analogues displayed potent antiproliferative activity against A375 & A431 cancer cell lines and found superior to parent Lantadenes. In particular, 3β-(4-Methoxybenzoyloxy)-22β-senecioyloxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid was found to be most suitable compound, with IC50 value of 3.027 μM aganist A375 cell line having least docking score (-69.40 kcal/mol). Promising anticancer potential of the lead was further indicated by significant reduction in tumor volume and burden in two stage carcinoma model. These findings suggests that the Lantadene derivatives may hold promising potential for the intervention of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chauhan
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
| | - Zahid Ahmad Dhar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Varun Gorki
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sonia Sharma
- Department Cum National Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research, Punjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ashwani Koul
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Shashi Bala
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department Cum National Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research, Punjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Manu Sharma
- National Forensic Science University, Delhi Campus, India
| | - Neelima Dhingra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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36
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Hiatt RA, Beyeler N. Women's cancers and climate change. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 160:374-377. [PMID: 36030411 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hiatt
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Naomi Beyeler
- University of California Center for Climate, Health and Equity, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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37
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Cheung R, Ito E, Lopez M, Rubinstein E, Keller H, Cheung F, Liu ZA, Liu FF, Wong P. Evaluating the Short-term Environmental and Clinical Effects of a Radiation Oncology Department's Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 115:39-47. [PMID: 36309074 PMCID: PMC9598491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During the COVID-19 pandemic, many radiation oncology departments worldwide adopted the use of shorter and more intense hypofractionated regimens. Hospital foot traffic was reduced through virtual care. This study's primary objective was to assess the collective environmental effect of these strategic changes by identifying sources of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e). The rate of radiation-related adverse events from the increased use of hypofractionated treatments was assessed. METHODS AND MATERIALS All patients treated with external beam radiation therapy from April 1, 2019, to March 31, 2021, at our single institution were identified (n = 10,175) along with their radiation therapy visits (176,423 fractions) and unplanned visits to the radiation nursing clinic or emergency department. Out-patient hospital and virtual visits (n = 75,853) during this same period were also analyzed. Environmental effect measures, including linear accelerator power usage, patient travel distances, and personal protection equipment consumption were all converted into CO2e. RESULTS The use of curative hypofractionated regimens increased from 17% to 27% during the pandemic year. Carbon footprint was reduced by 39% during the pandemic year (1,332,388 kg CO2e) compared with the prepandemic year (2,024,823 kg CO2e). Comparing patients in the prepandemic versus pandemic year, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of hypofractionated patients who needed a visit to either the radiation nursing clinic (39% vs 25%; P < .001) or emergency department (6% vs 2%; P < .001) during and within 90 days of radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate the environmental benefits of increased use of hypofractionated regimens and virtual care, while assuring that there was no added acute radiation-related adverse event. Our findings support their continued use as one of many long-term strategies to reduce the environmental footprint of health care delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Cheung
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Ito
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marianela Lopez
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ed Rubinstein
- Energy & Environment Department, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harald Keller
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fred Cheung
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhihui Amy Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip Wong
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Othman A, Amen Y, Inoue Y, Shimizu K. Phytochemical Analysis, Anti-inflammatory, and Anticancer Activities of the Halophyte Herb Bassia indica. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221137412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bassia indica (Wight) A.J. Scott, family Amaranthaceae, is a halophyte herb growing in extreme environments and hence deemed as a potential economic source of bioactive chemicals with functional properties. In our study, 25 compounds were obtained from B. indica. We aimed to assess the inhibitory effect of the methanol extract of B. indica and its isolated compounds on COX-2 and cytotoxicity activity against MCF-7, OVK-18, HepG2, and HCT116 tumor cells. Among the isolates, the triterpene oleanane saponin (23) displayed promising anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 = 3.05 ± 0.15 μg/mL. Additionally, N- trans-feruloyl tyramine (11) exhibited significant cytotoxicity to OVK-18 with IC50 = 1.74 ± 1.56 μg/mL, whereas 6,7-dihydroxy coumarin (7) exhibited potent inhibition against the MCF-7 cell line with IC50 = 1.47 ± 0.22 μg/mL. Interestingly, compounds 1 and 25 exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity against HepG2 and HCT116 cells with IC50 < 0.1 μg/mL, while compounds 2, 4, 5, 6, and 9 exerted potent cytotoxicity against HepG2. Finally, B. indica is a potential source of candidate compounds for the development of anti-inflammatory and antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Othman
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yhiya Amen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yuka Inoue
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Liu B, Lu T, Wang Y, Zhang G, Fu L, Yu M, Yang K, Cai H. Overexpression of LncRNA SNHG14 as a biomarker of clinicopathological and prognosis value in human cancers: A meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:945919. [PMID: 36276965 PMCID: PMC9582150 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.945919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: SNGH14 is a newly discovered long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) highly associated with tumorigenesis. However, whether the level of SNHG14 is related to the prognosis of patients with different cancer types is unclear. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched to identify eligible studies from inception to November 2021. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were utilized to analyze dichotomous variables, while the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI were used for survival outcomes. We also included trial sequential analysis (TSA) to assess whether the current evidence was sufficiently conclusive. Stata 15.0 and TSA 0.9 software were used for data analyses. Results: A total of 21 studies involving 1,080 patients, mainly from China, were included. Our results revealed that high SNHG14 expression was associated significantly with poor overall survival (OS) [HR = 1.39; 95% CI: (1.06–1.83); p = 0.017]. In addition, elevated SNHG14 expression was related to tumor size (> 3.5 cm) [OR = 1.60; 95% CI: (1.20–2.14); p = 0.001], TNM staging [OR = 0.54; 95% CI: (0.40–0.71); p < 0.001], lymph node metastasis [OR = 1.86; 95% CI: (1.35–2.55); p < 0.001], differentiation grade [OR = 1.95; 95% CI: (1.36–2.80); p < 0.001], and distant metastasis [OR = 2.44; 95% CI: (1.30–4.58); p = 0.005]. However, no significant difference was observed between age [OR = 0.98; 95% CI: (0.72–1.35); p = 0.915] and gender [OR = 0.98; 95% CI: (0.72–1.35); p = 0.915] from the enhanced expression of SNHG14. Conclusion: The current study revealed that overexpression of SNGH14 is associated with low OS rate and clinicopathological characteristics. SNGH14 can be a novel tumor marker that aids in tumor diagnosis, thereby improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Institution of Clinical Research and Evidence Based Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Liangyin Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hui Cai
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Cai,
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Marzo-Castillejo M, Bartolomé-Moreno C, Bellas-Beceiro B, Melús-Palazón E, Vela-Vallespín C. [PAPPS Expert Groups. Cancer prevention recommendations: Update 2022]. Aten Primaria 2022; 54 Suppl 1:102440. [PMID: 36435580 PMCID: PMC9705215 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2022.102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity are some of the lifestyle risk factors that have led to an increase in cancer. This article updates the evidence and includes recommendations for prevention strategies for each of the cancers with the highest incidence. These are based on the reduction of risk factors (primary prevention) and early diagnosis of cancer through screening and early detection of signs and symptoms, in medium-risk and high-risk populations. This update of the 2022 PAPPS has taken into account the vision of the National Health System Cancer Strategy, an update approved by the Interterritorial Council of the National Health System on January 2021 and the European Strategy (Europe's Beating Cancer Plan) presented on 4 February 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercè Marzo-Castillejo
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Sud, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Direcció d'Atenció Primària Costa de Ponent, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España.
| | - Cruz Bartolomé-Moreno
- Centro de Salud Parque Goya de Zaragoza y Unidad Docente de Atención Familiar y Comunitaria Sector Zaragoza I, Servicio Aragonés de Salud, Zaragoza, España
| | - Begoña Bellas-Beceiro
- Unidad Docente de Atención Familiar y Comunitaria La Laguna-Tenerife Norte, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - Elena Melús-Palazón
- Centro de Salud Actur Oeste de Zaragoza y Unidad Docente de Atención Familiar y Comunitaria Sector Zaragoza I, Servicio Aragonés de Salud, Zaragoza, España
| | - Carmen Vela-Vallespín
- ABS del Riu Nord i Riu Sud, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, España
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Xu XX, Chen SY, Yi NB, Li X, Chen SL, Lei Z, Cheng DB, Sun T. Research progress on tumor hypoxia-associative nanomedicine. J Control Release 2022; 350:829-840. [PMID: 36100192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia at the solid tumor site is generally related to the unrestricted proliferation and metabolism of cancerous cells, which can cause tumor metastasis and aggravate tumor progression. Besides, hypoxia plays a substantial role in tumor treatment, and it is one of the main reasons that malignant tumors are difficult to cure and have a poor prognosis. On account of the tumor specific hypoxic environment, many hypoxia-associative nanomedicine have been proposed for tumor treatment. Considering the enhanced targeting effect, designing hypoxia-associative nanomedicine can not only minimize the adverse effects of drugs on normal tissues, but also achieve targeted therapy at the lesion site. Mostly, there can be three strategies for the treatment of hypoxic tumor, including improvement of hypoxic environment, hypoxia responsive drug release and hypoxia activated prodrug. The review describes the design principle and applications of tumor hypoxia-associative nanomedicine in recent years, and also explores its development trends in solid tumor treatment. Moreover, this review presents the current limitations of tumor hypoxia-associative nanomedicine in chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy and immunotherapy, which may provide a reference for clinic translation of tumor hypoxia-associative nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Si-Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ning-Bo Yi
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Si-Lin Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhixin Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Dong-Bing Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Lichter KE, Baniel CC, Anderson J, Bhatia R, Frick MA, Thiel CL, Gandhi S, Sarria GR, Bagshaw HP, Petereit D, Chino J, Grover S, Singer L, Hsu IC, Mohamad O. Environmentally sustainable brachytherapy care. Brachytherapy 2022; 21:712-717. [PMID: 35794032 PMCID: PMC9997716 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Lichter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
| | - Claire C Baniel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | - Rohini Bhatia
- Department of Radiation Oncology and 334 Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Melissa A Frick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Cassandra L Thiel
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - Seema Gandhi
- Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Gustavo R Sarria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hilary P Bagshaw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | - Junzo Chino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke Cancer Center, Durham, NC
| | - Surbhi Grover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Botswana-UPenn Partnership, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lisa Singer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - I-Chow Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Osama Mohamad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Lichter KE, Anderson J, Sim AJ, Baniel CC, Thiel CL, Chuter R, Collins A, Carollo E, Berg CD, Coleman CN, Abdel-Wahab M, Grover S, Singer L, Mohamad O. Transitioning to Environmentally Sustainable, Climate-Smart Radiation Oncology Care. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022; 113:915-924. [PMID: 35841919 PMCID: PMC10024638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Lichter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California.
| | - Justin Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Austin J Sim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida; Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Claire C Baniel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Cassandra L Thiel
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Robert Chuter
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Heath, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Collins
- Health Care Without Harm, Reston, Virginia; Department of Emergency Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Erin Carollo
- Loyola University Chicago-Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - C Norman Coleman
- Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - May Abdel-Wahab
- Division of Human Health, Radiation Oncology, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Surbhi Grover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Botswana-UPenn Partnership, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa Singer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Osama Mohamad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Li C, Zhu Y, She K, Jia Y, Liu T, Han C, Fang Q, Cheng C, Han L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Li X. Modified effects of air pollutants on the relationship between temperature variability and hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zibo City, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:44573-44581. [PMID: 35133585 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) poses a great disease burden in China. However, there are few studies on the relationship between temperature variability (TV) and HFMD. Moreover, whether air pollutions have modified effects on this relationship is still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to explore the modified effects of air pollutants on TV-HFMD association in Zibo City, China. Daily data of HFMD cases, meteorological factors, and air pollutants from 2015 to 2019 were collected for Zibo City. TV was estimated by calculating standard deviation of minimum and maximum temperatures over the exposure days. We used generalized additive model to estimate the association between TV and HFMD. The modified effects of air pollutants were assessed by comparing the estimated TV-HFMD associations between different air stratums. We found that TV increased the risk of HFMD. The effect was strongest at TV03 (4 days of exposure), when the incidence of HFMD increased by 3.6% [95% CI: 1.3-5.9%] for every 1℃ increases in TV. Males, children aged 0-4 years, were more sensitive to TV. We found that sulfur dioxide (SO2) enhanced TV's effects on all considered exposure days, while ozone (O3) reduced TV's effects on some exposure days in whole concerned population. However, we did not detect significant effect modification by particulate matter less than 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM10). These findings are of significance in developing policies and public health practices to reduce the risks of HFMD by integrating changes in temperatures and air pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchen Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Kaili She
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tingxuan Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chuang Han
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qidi Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanlong Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Luyi Han
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiujun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44# Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Nogueira L, White KE, Bell B, Alegria KE, Bennett G, Edmondson D, Epel E, Holman EA, Kronish IM, Thayer J. The Role of Behavioral Medicine in Addressing Climate Change-Related Health Inequities. Transl Behav Med 2022; 12:526-534. [PMID: 35613004 PMCID: PMC9132203 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is the greatest threat to global health in human history. It has been declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization and leading researchers from academic institutions around the globe. Structural racism disproportionately exposes communities targeted for marginalization to the harmful consequences of climate change through greater risk of exposure and sensitivity to climate hazards and less adaptive capacity to the health threats of climate change. Given its interdisciplinary approach to integrating behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical knowledge, the discipline of behavioral medicine is uniquely qualified to address the systemic causes of climate change-related health inequities and can offer a perspective that is currently missing from many climate and health equity efforts. In this article, we summarize relevant concepts, describe how climate change and structural racism intersect to exacerbate health inequities, and recommend six strategies with the greatest potential for addressing climate-related health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elissa Epel
- University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Qin RX, Velin L, Yates EF, El Omrani O, McLeod E, Tudravu J, Samad L, Woodward A, McClain CD. Building sustainable and resilient surgical systems: A narrative review of opportunities to integrate climate change into national surgical planning in the Western Pacific region. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 22:100407. [PMID: 35243461 PMCID: PMC8881731 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Five billion people lack access to surgical care worldwide; climate change is the biggest threat to human health in the 21st century. This review studies how climate change could be integrated into national surgical planning in the Western Pacific region. We searched databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Global Health) for articles on climate change and surgical care. Findings were categorised using the modified World Health Organisation Health System Building Blocks Framework. 220 out of 2577 records were included. Infrastructure: Operating theatres are highly resource-intensive. Their carbon footprint could be reduced by maximising equipment longevity, improving energy efficiency, and renewable energy use. Service delivery Tele-medicine, outreaches, and avoiding desflurane could reduce emissions. Robust surgical systems are required to adapt to the increasing burden of surgically treated diseases, such as injuries from natural disasters. Finance: Climate change adaptation funds could be mobilised for surgical system strengthening. Information systems: Sustainability should be a key performance indicator for surgical systems. Workforce: Surgical providers could change clinical, institutional, and societal practices. Governance: Planning in surgical care and climate change should be aligned. Climate change mitigation is essential in the regional surgical care scale-up; surgical system strengthening is also necessary for adaptation to climate change.
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Vogeley C, Rolfes KM, Krutmann J, Haarmann-Stemmann T. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Environmentally-Induced Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Skin. Front Oncol 2022; 12:841721. [PMID: 35311158 PMCID: PMC8927079 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.841721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in humans and academia as well as public authorities expect a further increase of its incidence in the next years. The major risk factor for the development of SCC of the general population is the repeated and unprotected exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Another important risk factor, in particular with regards to occupational settings, is the chronic exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) which are formed during incomplete combustion of organic material and thus can be found in coal tar, creosote, bitumen and related working materials. Importantly, both exposomal factors unleash their carcinogenic potential, at least to some extent, by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). The AHR is a ligand-dependent transcription factor and key regulator in xenobiotic metabolism and immunity. The AHR is expressed in all cutaneous cell-types investigated so far and maintains skin integrity. We and others have reported that in response to a chronic exposure to environmental stressors, in particular UV radiation and PAHs, an activation of AHR and downstream signaling pathways critically contributes to the development of SCC. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about AHR's role in skin carcinogenesis and focus on its impact on defense mechanisms, such as DNA repair, apoptosis and anti-tumor immune responses. In addition, we discuss the possible consequences of a simultaneous exposure to different AHR-stimulating environmental factors for the development of cutaneous SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vogeley
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rolfes
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jean Krutmann
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Grela-Wojewoda A, Pacholczak-Madej R, Adamczyk A, Korman M, Püsküllüoğlu M. Cardiotoxicity Induced by Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052815. [PMID: 35269958 PMCID: PMC8910876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors (KIs) represent a growing class of drugs directed at various protein kinases and used in the treatment of both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. It is a heterogeneous group of compounds that are widely applied not only in different types of tumors but also in tumors that are positive for a specific predictive factor. This review summarizes common cardiotoxic effects of KIs, including hypertension, arrhythmias with bradycardia and QTc prolongation, and cardiomyopathy that can lead to heart failure, as well as less common effects such as fluid retention, ischemic heart disease, and elevated risk of thromboembolic events. The guidelines for cardiac monitoring and management of the most common cardiotoxic effects of protein KIs are discussed. Potential signaling pathways affected by KIs and likely contributing to cardiac damage are also described. Finally, the need for further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular toxicity of these drugs is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Grela-Wojewoda
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Kraków Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115 Kraków, Poland; (R.P.-M.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-1263-48350
| | - Renata Pacholczak-Madej
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Kraków Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115 Kraków, Poland; (R.P.-M.); (M.P.)
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Adamczyk
- Department of Tumour Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Kraków Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Michał Korman
- Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Mirosława Püsküllüoğlu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Kraków Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115 Kraków, Poland; (R.P.-M.); (M.P.)
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Gregoire AM, VoPham T, Laden F, Yarosh R, O'Brien KM, Sandler DP, White AJ. Residential ultraviolet radiation and breast cancer risk in a large prospective cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 159:107028. [PMID: 34894486 PMCID: PMC8748390 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been increasing due to climate change. While this may result in adverse health consequences such as an increased incidence of skin cancer, UV radiation is also a source of vitamin D, which has been hypothesized to be protective for breast cancer risk. METHODS Using a spatiotemporal kriging model, we estimated residential UV exposure levels for the enrollment addresses (2003-2009) of breast cancer-free women aged 35-74 years participating in the Sister Study and living in the contiguous United States (N = 48,450). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the risk associated with UV exposure levels (mW/m2) categorized in quintiles. We examined the association for breast cancer overall (invasive and ductal carcinoma in situ) and by estrogen receptor (ER) status of the tumor. We considered effect modification by regular (≥4 times/week) vitamin D supplement use. RESULTS Over a median of 10.5 years of follow up, 3,510 incident breast cancer diagnoses were reported. We found no evidence of an association between living in areas with higher levels of UV radiation and overall breast cancer risk (HRQ5 vs. Q1 = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.11). Higher UV levels were inversely associated with the risk of ER- breast cancer (HRQ5 vs. Q1 = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55-0.99), but not ER+ (HR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.92-1.18). For ER- breast cancer, the inverse association was only evident in women who did not regularly take vitamin D supplements (HRQ5 vs. Q1 = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33-0.81) compared with those who did regularly take vitamin D supplements (HRQ5 vs. Q1 = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.68-1.54; p-for-heterogeneity = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study support a role for UV exposure and vitamin D in the etiology of ER- breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson M Gregoire
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Trang VoPham
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rina Yarosh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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50
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Chuter R, Lowe G, Dickinson N. Curing a Malignant Climate. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:148-150. [PMID: 34996685 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Chuter
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - G Lowe
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Northwood, UK
| | - N Dickinson
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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