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Yuan L, Zhao J, Liu Y, Zhao J, Olnood CG, Xu YJ, Liu Y. Multiomics analysis revealed the mechanism of the anti-diabetic effect of Salecan. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121694. [PMID: 38171651 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Salecan, a natural β-glucan compromising nine residues connected by β-(1 → 3)/α-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds, is one of the newly approved food ingredients. Salecan has multiple health-improving effects, yet its mechanism against Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains poorly understood. In this study, the hypoglycemic effect and underlying mechanism of Salecan intervention on STZ-induced diabetic model mice were investigated. After 8 weeks of gavage, Salecan attenuated insulin resistance and repaired pancreatic β cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Salecan supplement remodel the structure of the gut microbiota and altered the level of intestinal metabolites. Serum metabolites, especially unsaturated fatty acids, were also affected significantly. In addition, tight junction proteins in the colon and autophagy-related proteins in the pancreas were upregulated. Multiomics analysis indicated that Lactobacillus johnsonii, Muribaculaceae, and Lachnoclostridium were highly associated with fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) levels in the colon, accordingly enhancing arachidonic acid and linoleic acid in serum, and promoting GLP-1 release in the intestine and insulin secretion in the pancreas, thus relieving insulin resistance and exhibiting hypoglycemic effects. These findings provide a novel understanding of the anti-diabetic effect of Salecan in mice from a molecular perspective, paving the way for the wide use of Salecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd, 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Guang Olnood
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd, 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Ge W, Sun Q, Yang Y, Ding Z, Liu J, Zhang J. Circadian PER1 controls daily fat absorption with the regulation of PER1-PKA on phosphorylation of bile acid synthetase. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100390. [PMID: 37209828 PMCID: PMC10276160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies suggest a correlation between eating time and obesity. Night eating syndrome characterized by a time-delayed eating pattern is positively associated with obesity in humans as well as in experimental animals. Here, we show that oil intake at night significantly makes more fat than that at day in wild-type mice, and circadian Period 1 (Per1) contributes to this day-night difference. Per1-knockout mice are protected from high-fat diet-induced obesity, which is accompanied by a reduction in the size of the bile acid pool, and the oral administration of bile acids restores fat absorption and accumulation. We identify that PER1 directly binds to the major hepatic enzymes involved in bile acid synthesis such as cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase and sterol 12alpha-hydroxylase. A biosynthesis rhythm of bile acids is accompanied by the activity and instability of bile acid synthases with PER1/PKA-mediated phosphorylation pathways. Both fasting and high fat stress enhance Per1 expression, increasing the fat absorption and accumulation. Our findings reveal that Per1 is an energy regulator and controls daily fat absorption and accumulation. Circadian Per1 controls daily fat absorption and accumulation, suggesting Per1 is a potential candidate of a key regulator in stress response and the relevant obesity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Ge
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Ding
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhao Liu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
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Novel Green Crosslinked Salecan Hydrogels and Preliminary Investigation of Their Use in 3D Printing. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020373. [PMID: 36839693 PMCID: PMC9963019 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salecan, a kind of polysaccharide, is produced by the Agrobacterium ZX09 salt tolerant strain. In this study, green crosslinked citric acid-salecan hydrogels are explored as novel materials with a high potential for use in regenerative medicine. The impact of salecan and citric acid on the final crosslinked hydrogels was intensively studied and estimated in terms of the whole physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity. FTIR spectra demonstrated the successful green crosslinking of salecan through its esterification with citric acid where the formation of strong covalent bonds collaboratively helped to stabilize the entire hydrogel systems in a wet state. Hydrogels presented a microporous morphology, good swelling capacity, pH responsiveness, great mechanical stability under stress conditions and good antibacterial activity, all related to the concentration of the biopolymers used in the synthesis step. Additionally, salecan hydrogels were preliminary investigated as printing inks. Thanks to their excellent rheological behavior, we optimized the citrate-salecan hydrogel inks and printing parameters to render 3D constructs with great printing fidelity and integrity. The novel synthesized salecan green crosslinked hydrogels enriches the family of salecan-derived hydrogels. Moreover, this work not only expands the application of salecan hydrogels in various fields, but also provides a new potential option of designing salecan-based 3D printed scaffolds for customized regenerative medicine.
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4
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Wu Y, Li X, Liu H, Du Y, Zhou J, Zou L, Xiong X, Huang H, Tan Z, Yin Y. A water-soluble β-glucan improves growth performance by altering gut microbiome and health in weaned pigs. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:1345-1351. [PMID: 34786507 PMCID: PMC8571503 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Beta-glucan has been shown to have a beneficial effect on gastrointestinal health. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of β-glucan isolated from Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 on growth performance and intestinal health of weaning pigs. A total of 108 weaned pigs (21 d of age; 6.05 ± 0.36 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups (6 pens/group; 6 pigs/pen), and the groups were each treated with the following diets: 1) basal diet, 2) basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg olaquindox, 3) basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg β-glucan, for 21 d. Compared with the control group, pigs fed with 200 mg/kg β-glucan had greaterBW, average daily gain and duodenal villus height to crypt depth ratio (P < 0.05). Olaquindox increased the duodenal or jejunal villus height of pigs compared with β-glucan. Compared with the control group, β-glucan tended to increase the occludin mRNA expression in the jejunum (0.05 < P < 0.10). Beta-glucan enriched the beneficial microbiota in the ileum of pigs (P < 0.05). In conclusion, β-glucan may promote growth performance by improving intestinal health and increasing beneficial microbiota of weaned pigs. The study results will provide valuable theoretical guidance for the utilization of β-glucan in weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Wu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Hongnan Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjun Du
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Zou
- Laboratory of Basic Biology, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Huilin Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
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Salwan R, Katoch S, Sharma V. Recent Developments in Shiitake Mushrooms and Their Nutraceutical Importance. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64406-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Luo J, Cheng L, Du Y, Mao X, He J, Yu B, Chen D. The anti-inflammatory effects of low- and high-molecular-weight beta-glucans from Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 in LPS-induced weaned piglets. Food Funct 2020; 11:585-595. [PMID: 31858092 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00627c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The physicochemical characteristics of beta-glucans determine the immune responses of the intestines and whole body. It is hypothesized that glucans with different molecular weights have diverse modes of action on LPS-mediated immune activity. This study aimed to verify the immune-modulatory effects of two types of beta-glucans in LPS-induced weaned piglets. The results indicated that dietary beta-glucan supplementation could prevent losses in body weight gain caused by LPS challenge. Supplementation with different molecular weights of beta-glucans decreased the production of IL-1β and TNF-α and increased IL-10 production, which is likely associated with key factors such as TLR4 and NF-κB. High-molecular-weight beta-glucans seemed to have a strong functional capacity to modulate the innate immune response through the Dectin-1 receptor. Therefore, the results indicate that supplementing piglets with Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 beta-glucans inhibits LPS-mediated depression in the growth performance and plays a protective role during LPS challenge possibly via the Dectin-1 receptor and the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. The results reveal the potential therapeutic activity of purified Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 beta-glucan following experimental LPS infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, People's Republic of China.
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Hu X, Yan L, Wang Y, Xu M. Microwave-assisted synthesis of nutgall tannic acid–based salecan polysaccharide hydrogel for tunable release of β-lactoglobulin. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1431-1439. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Jakkawanpitak C, Hutadilok-Towatana N, Sermwittayawong D. Fungal-like particles and macrophage-conditioned medium are inflammatory elicitors for 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9437. [PMID: 32523023 PMCID: PMC7287055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes from white-adipose tissue are known to produce inflammatory cytokines, which play a major role in energy balance and metabolism. While they can respond to pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from bacteria, it is not known whether adipocytes can be stimulated by fungal cells. Previously, adipocytes were shown to produce toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), a β-glucan receptor, suggesting that they could respond to β-glucan on the fungal cell wall. In this study, we show that heat-killed yeast induce an inflammatory response in adipocytes. Using fungal-like particles, namely laminarin-coated beads (LCB), we find that these particles trigger the expression of many key inflammatory genes in dose- and time-dependent fashions in adipocytes. These results suggest that β-glucan on the fungal cell wall is sufficient to elicit an inflammatory response in adipocytes. In addition, we show that both LCB and LCB-treated conditioned medium from RAW 264.7 murine macrophages (LCB-RM) induce the expression of those inflammatory genes through IKKβ-IκBα proteins. Together, we conclude that the fungal-like particles and the conditioned medium elicit an inflammatory response in adipocytes through the canonical or classical NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanawee Jakkawanpitak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | | | - Decha Sermwittayawong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand.
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9
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Formation of self-assembled polyelectrolyte complex hydrogel derived from salecan and chitosan for sustained release of Vitamin C. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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10
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Construction of self-assembled polyelectrolyte complex hydrogel based on oppositely charged polysaccharides for sustained delivery of green tea polyphenols. Food Chem 2020; 306:125632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Β-glucan is a strongly hydrophilic non-starchy polysaccharide, which, when incorporated in food, is renowned for its ability to alter functional characteristics such as viscosity, rheology, texture, and sensory properties of the food product. The functional properties of β-glucans are directly linked to their origin/source, molecular weight, and structural features. The molecular weight and structural/conformational features are in turn influenced by method of extraction and modification of the β-glucan. For example, whereas physical modification techniques influence only the spatial structures, modification by chemical agents, enzyme hydrolysis, mechanical treatment, and irradiation affect both spatial conformation and primary structures of β-glucan. Consequently, β-glucan can be modified (via one or more of the aforementioned techniques) into forms that have desired morphological, rheological, and (bio)functional properties. This review describes how various modification techniques affect the structure, properties, and applications of β-glucans in the food industry.
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12
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Luo J, Chen D, Mao X, He J, Yu B, Cheng L, Zeng D. Purified β-glucans of Different Molecular Weights Enhance Growth Performance of LPS-challenged Piglets via Improved Gut Barrier Function and Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9090602. [PMID: 31450592 PMCID: PMC6770163 DOI: 10.3390/ani9090602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Beta-glucan is currently under consideration as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for the sustainable pig production industry in China. Modulating intestinal function by β-glucan treatment in young pigs is one potential way of decreasing disease susceptibility and presumably increasing growth performance. In the present study, as a newly developed commercial product, β-glucans have proved to modulate gut function, and have improved growth performance in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets. The present study aimed to determine the mechanisms involved inβ-glucan of low and high molecular weight mediated growth alterations in weaned piglets. The results confirmed that β-glucans isolated from Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 could improve growth performance in weaned piglets and they showed intestinal modulatory properties via different mechanisms in regulating the mucosal barrier function and microbial populations between two different molecular weight β-glucans. Abstract This study investigated β-glucan derived from Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 with high (2000 kDa) and low (300 kDa) molecular weight (MW) to compare their effects on growth performance and gut function in LPS-induced weaned piglets. Changes in jejunal morphology, mucosal barrier function, microbial populations, and fermentation in the piglets were determined. Data showed that β-glucan prevented body weight loss in LPS challenged piglets. Supplementation with both β-glucan fractions improved jejunal morphology. Compared to low MW, β-glucan of high MW generally up-regulated transcripts of ZO-1, MUC1, and MUC2 in jejunal mucosa to a lesser extent. Mucosal D-lactate, diamine oxidase, and anti-oxidation index were effectively resumed in β-glucan treatment. Both β-glucan diets provoked the emergence of a balanced microbiota and a richer concentration of volatile fatty acids in the colon. The richest community of bifidobacterium and concentration of butyrate emerged after feeding β-glucan with high MW. Results suggested that the effect of Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 β-glucans on the gut-modulatory function is largely linked to their MW. Low MW β-glucan mainly improved the mucosal barrier function in the jejunum, while high MW β-glucan had profound effects on the microbial community and fermentation in the hindgut of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie Campus, VIC 3647, Australia
| | - Dafu Zeng
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Luo J, Liu S, Yu B, He J, Mao X, Cheng L, Chen D. Beta-glucan from Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 improves growth performance and intestinal function in weaned piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:1818-1827. [PMID: 31441134 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beta-glucan is currently under consideration as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics. The aim of the study was to investigate Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 beta-glucan on intestinal morphology, cytokine concentration, mucin expression and microbial populations of weaning piglets. Pigs were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments supplemented with 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg beta-glucan. Data showed an increase in ADG at the 100 mg/kg group (p = .03). A significant increase in villus height and reduction in crypt depth were fund in ileal tissue at the 100 mg/kg inclusion level (p < .05). Dietary supplementation of 100 mg/kg beta-glucan enhanced IL-10 concentration (p = .04) and gene expression of MUC1 and MUC2 (p < .05) in the jejunum. Dietary supplementation of 100 mg/kg beta-glucan provoked the up-regulation of Lactobacillus counts and down-regulation of Escherichia coli counts in the caecum (p = .05). Data suggested that improved growth performance in response to beta-glucan supplementation at 100 mg/kg in weaned piglets may be explained by the improved intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuli Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Shepparton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Fu R, Li J, Zhang T, Zhu T, Cheng R, Wang S, Zhang J. Salecan stabilizes the microstructure and improves the rheological performance of yogurt. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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15
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Shimada R, Fujita M, Yuasa M, Sawamura H, Watanabe T, Nakashima A, Suzuki K. Oral administration of green algae, Euglena gracilis, inhibits hyperglycemia in OLETF rats, a model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes. Food Funct 2018; 7:4655-4659. [PMID: 27775129 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00606j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of Euglena and paramylon on hyperglycemia were examined in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF; type 2 diabetes mellitus model) rats. OLETF rats were fed an AIN-93 M diet containing cellulose, Euglena, or paramylon for 10 weeks. Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats were used as nondiabetic controls. An oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at 0 and 10 weeks. OLETF control rats were obese because of bulimia and showed abdominal fat accumulation and hyperglycemia. Euglena supplementation improved hyperglycemia and decreased food intake, body weight gain, and abdominal fat. However, there were no changes in the paramylon-supplemented group compared to the OLETF control group. Triglyceride concentrations in the serum and liver were lower in Euglena-supplemented rats than in OLETF control rats. There was a correlation between hepatic triglyceride concentration and the area under the curve (AUC) of OGTT at 10 weeks. This suggests that the improvement in glycemic control in the Euglena-supplemented group may depend on substances other than paramylon present in Euglena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Shimada
- Department of Dietary Environment Analysis, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Sinzaike Honcho, Himeji 670-0092, Japan. and Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Osaka Aoyama University, 2-11-1 Niina, Minoh, Osaka 562-8580, Japan
| | - Miho Fujita
- Department of Dietary Environment Analysis, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Sinzaike Honcho, Himeji 670-0092, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Yuasa
- Department of Dietary Environment Analysis, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Sinzaike Honcho, Himeji 670-0092, Japan. and Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, 1-1-1 Manabino, Nagayo-cho, Nishi-Sonogi-gun, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sawamura
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Sinzaike Honcho, Himeji 670-0092, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Watanabe
- Department of Dietary Environment Analysis, School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, 1-1-12 Sinzaike Honcho, Himeji 670-0092, Japan. and Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Osaka Aoyama University, 2-11-1 Niina, Minoh, Osaka 562-8580, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakashima
- Euglena Co., Ltd., 5-33-1 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan
| | - Kengo Suzuki
- Euglena Co., Ltd., 5-33-1 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan
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Minov J, Bislimovska-Karadzhinska J, Petrova T, Vasilevska K, Stoleski S, Mijakoski D. Effects of Pleuran (Β-Glucan from Pleurotus Ostreatus) Supplementation on Incidence and Duration of COPD Exacerbations. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2017; 5:893-898. [PMID: 29362614 PMCID: PMC5771290 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2017.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,3/1,6-β-glucans are recognised as immunomodulators in human and veterinary medicine for over 50 years. AIM To assess the effects of pleuran (1,3/1,6-β-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus) on incidence and duration of bacterial exacerbations in patients with COPD. METHODS We performed an observational, non-randomized, open-label study including 32 COPD patients (Group D) in whom besides the recommended chronic treatment for the stable disease were administered supplement combination containing pleuran 100 mg, vitamin C 60 mg and zinc 5 mg once daily over a three month-period (Group 1). Also, an equal number of Group D COPD patients who besides the recommended treatment for stable disease received the supplement combination containing vitamin C 60 mg and zinc 5 mg once daily, matched to the study subjects of the Group 1 by sex and age served as control (Group 2). RESULTS Over the study period 57 exacerbations (24 in the Group 1 and 33 in the Group 2) were documented. A mean number of exacerbations over the study period was significantly lower in the Group1 (0.7 ± 0.4) as compared to their mean number in the Group 2 (1.0 ± 0.6) (P = 0.0218). Furthermore, a mean duration of exacerbations expressed in days needed for cure or clinical improvement (i.e. complete resolution of symptoms or return of the symptoms to their baseline severity) in the Group 1 (6.7 ± 0.8 days) was significantly shorter than the mean duration of exacerbations in the Group 2 (7.4 ± 1.3 days) (P = 0.0118). There was not reported any adverse effect during the study period by study subjects from both examined groups. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that pleuran might impact the incidence and duration of bacterial exacerbations in patients with COPD. There is a need for further studies for more precise determination of the influence of pleuran on the course of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Minov
- Institute for Occupational Health of Republic of Macedonia, Skopje; WHO Collaborating Center, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | | | - Tatjana Petrova
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago State University, Chicago, USA
| | - Kristin Vasilevska
- Institute for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, SS Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Sasho Stoleski
- Institute for Occupational Health of Republic of Macedonia, Skopje; WHO Collaborating Center, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Dragan Mijakoski
- Institute for Occupational Health of Republic of Macedonia, Skopje; WHO Collaborating Center, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Synthesis and characterization of a multi-sensitive polysaccharide hydrogel for drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:275-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hu X, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xu M, Zhang J, Dong W. Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1600-1609. [PMID: 28857472 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation. In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release. Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material. DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release. Lowering the pH to acidic conditions or introducing an external magnetic field caused an enhancement in DOX release. This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Hu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Man Xu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Dietary salecan reverts partially the metabolic gene expressions and NMR-based metabolomic profiles from high-fat-diet-induced obese rats. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 47:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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20
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Camara M, Fernandez-Ruiz V, Morales P, Sanchez-Mata MC. Fiber Compounds and Human Health. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 23:2835-2849. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170216123219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Montana Camara
- Dpto. Nutrición y Bromatología II. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). Pza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernandez-Ruiz
- Dpto. Nutrición y Bromatología II. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). Pza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Morales
- Dpto. Nutrición y Bromatología II. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). Pza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Cortes Sanchez-Mata
- Dpto. Nutrición y Bromatología II. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). Pza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Zhuang H, Chen Z, Feng T, Yang Y, Zhang J, Liu G, Li Z, Ye R. Characterization of Lentinus edodes β-glucan influencing the in vitro starch digestibility of wheat starch gel. Food Chem 2017; 224:294-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Salecan protected against concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury by modulating T cell immune responses and NMR-based metabolic profiles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 317:63-72. [PMID: 28109817 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Salecan, a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan produced by Agrobacterium sp. ZX09, has been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological effects. The aims of the present study were to investigate the protective effect of salecan against Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis, a well-established animal model of immune-mediated liver injury, and to search for possible mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with salecan followed by ConA injection. Salecan treatment significantly reduced ConA-induced acute liver injury, and suppressed the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines including interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in ConA-induced liver injury model. The high expression levels of chemokines and adhesion molecules such as MIP-1α, MIP-1β, ICAM-1, MCP-1 and RANTES in the liver induced by ConA were also down-regulated after salecan treatment. Salecan inhibited the infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells, especially T cells, in the liver induced by ConA. Moreover, salecan reversed the metabolic profiles of ConA-treated mice towards the control group by partly recovering the metabolic perturbations induced by ConA. Our results suggest the preventive and therapeutic potential of salecan in immune-mediated hepatitis.
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Xu L, Zhang J. Bacterial glucans: production, properties, and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:9023-9036. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7836-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Xu L, Cheng R, Li J, Wang Y, Zhu B, Ma S, Zhang W, Dong W, Wang S, Zhang J. Identification of substituent groups and related genes involved in salecan biosynthesis in Agrobacterium sp. ZX09. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:585-598. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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25
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Hu X, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xu M, Dong W, Zhang J. Redox/pH dual stimuli-responsive degradable Salecan-g-SS-poly(IA-co-HEMA) hydrogel for release of doxorubicin. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 155:242-251. [PMID: 27702509 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Salecan is a novel water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and possesses excellent physicochemical and biological properties. Here, redox/pH dual stimuli-responsive hydrogel based on Salecan grafted with itaconic acid (IA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were prepared using disulfide-functionalized crosslinker N,N-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC) for controlled drug delivery. The introduction of carboxylic groups endows the system with pH-sensitive character, swelling behavior of the hydrogel was conducted by changing the pH and Salecan content. It was demonstrated that DOX was efficiently loaded into the hydrogels and released in a controlled fashion via pH-control and swelling-shrinking mechanism. More importantly, DOX-loaded hydrogels showed dose dependent cytotoxicity toward A549 cell, and efficient cell killing was observed. Furthermore, a key point of this study was that the presence of disulfide linkage in system favored the degradation of hydrogels in the reductive environment. These results highlight the potential of Salecan-g-SS-poly(IA-co-HEMA) hydrogel as a novel system for the controlled release of anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Hu
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Man Xu
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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A Fomitopsis pinicola Jeseng Formulation Has an Antiobesity Effect and Protects against Hepatic Steatosis in Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7312472. [PMID: 27200103 PMCID: PMC4855004 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7312472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antiobesity effect of an extract of the Fomitopsis pinicola Jeseng-containing formulation (FAVA), which is a combination of four natural components: Fomitopsis pinicola Jeseng; Acanthopanax senticosus; Viscum album coloratum; and Allium tuberosum. High-fat diet- (HFD-) fed male C57BL/6J mice were treated with FAVA (200 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks to monitor the antiobesity effect and amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). Body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weights were reduced in FAVA-treated mice, and a histological examination showed an amelioration of fatty liver in FAVA-treated mice without decreasing food consumption. Additionally, FAVA reduced serum lipid profiles, leptin, and insulin levels compared with the HFD control group. The FAVA extract suppressed lipogenic mRNA expression levels from WAT concomitantly with the cholesterol biosynthesis level in the liver. These results demonstrate the inhibitory effects of FAVA on obesity and NAFLD in the diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model. Therefore, FAVA may be an effective therapeutic candidate for treating obesity and fatty liver caused by a high-fat diet.
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Chen Y, Xu H, Zhou M, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang J. Salecan Enhances the Activities of β-1,3-Glucanase and Decreases the Biomass of Soil-Borne Fungi. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134799. [PMID: 26247592 PMCID: PMC4527723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Salecan, a linear extracellular polysaccharide consisting of β-1,3-D-glucan, has potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of salecan on soil microbial communities in a vegetable patch. Compositional shifts in the genetic structure of indigenous soil bacterial and fungal communities were monitored using culture-dependent dilution plating, culture-independent PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR. After 60 days, soil microorganism counts showed no significant variation in bacterial density and a marked decrease in the numbers of fungi. The DGGE profiles revealed that salecan changed the composition of the microbial community in soil by increasing the amount of Bacillus strains and decreasing the amount of Fusarium strains. Quantitative PCR confirmed that the populations of the soil-borne fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma spp. were decreased approximately 6- and 2-fold, respectively, in soil containing salecan. This decrease in the amount of fungi can be explained by salecan inducing an increase in the activities of β-1,3-glucanase in the soil. These results suggest the promising application of salecan for biological control of pathogens of soil-borne fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmei Chen
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengyi Zhou
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (SW)
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (SW)
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Beta-glucans from edible and medicinal mushrooms: Characteristics, physicochemical and biological activities. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Hu X, Wei W, Qi X, Yu H, Feng L, Li J, Wang S, Zhang J, Dong W. Preparation and characterization of a novel pH-sensitive Salecan-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel for controlled release of doxorubicin. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2685-2697. [PMID: 32262916 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00264h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Salecan is a novel water-soluble extracellular β-glucan produced by a salt-tolerant strain Agrobacterium sp. ZX09. Salecan is suitable for the fabrication of hydrogels for biomedical applications due to its excellent physicochemical and biological properties. In this paper, a series of pH-sensitive hydrogels were prepared in aqueous solution by the graft copolymerization of Salecan and acrylic acid (AA) using N,N'-methylene diacrylamide as a crosslinker for controlled drug delivery. The structure and thermal stability of the resulting hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TGA. By SEM analysis, freeze-dried hydrogels displayed an interconnected porous structure with tunable pore size in the range of 23.2-90.3 μm. The swelling behavior of the hydrogels was shown to be highly dependent on the environmental pH, salt type and concentration, as well as the contents of Salecan and BAAm. They are almost unswellable at pH 1.2 and swollen extensively at pH 6.86. Meanwhile, the increase in the content of hydrophilic Salecan could enhance the swelling ratio, whereas the presence of more BAAm reduced the swelling capacity but promoted the water retention to some extent. Rheological tests revealed that storage modulus G' was strongly influenced by the crosslink density of the obtained hydrogel network. Especially, doxorubicin (DOX) as a model anti-cancer drug was very efficiently loaded into the negatively charged hydrogels (up to 69.4 wt%) through electrostatic interactions. More importantly, the release of DOX from this intelligent system exhibited pH-responsive behavior and a sustained release pattern. For SPA2, the cumulative release profile showed a low level of drug release (about 12.3 wt% in 24 h) at pH 7.4, and was significantly accelerated at pH 4.0 (over 40 wt% in 6 h). Cytotoxicity experiments confirmed that all blank hydrogels were non-toxic to A549 cells, while DOX released from the drug-loaded hydrogels remained biologically active and had the capability to kill cancer cells. The preliminary results clearly suggested that the Salecan-g-PAA hydrogels may be promising carriers for controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Hu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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A novel thermo-responsive hydrogel based on salecan and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): Synthesis and characterization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 125:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hu X, Feng L, Wei W, Xie A, Wang S, Zhang J, Dong W. Synthesis and characterization of a novel semi-IPN hydrogel based on Salecan and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Carbohydr Polym 2014; 105:135-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Supplementation of the diet with Salecan attenuates the symptoms of colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium in mice. Br J Nutr 2014; 111:1822-9. [PMID: 24480400 DOI: 10.1017/s000711451300442x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan produced by Agrobacterium sp. ZX09, Salecan has an excellent toxicological profile and exerts multiple physiological effects. The aims of the present study were to investigate the protective effects of a Salecan diet in the well-defined dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) model of experimental murine colitis and to elucidate the mechanism involved in its effects with special attention being paid to its effect on the production of TNF-α, a primary mediator involved in the inflammatory response. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a diet supplemented with either 4 or 8 % Salecan for 26 d and DSS was administered to induce acute colitis during the last 5 d of the experimental period. Several clinical and inflammatory parameters as well as mRNA expression of TNF-α and Dectin-1 were evaluated. The results indicated that the dietary incorporation of Salecan attenuated the severity of DSS colitis as evidenced by the decreased disease activity index, reduced severity of anaemia, attenuated changes in colon architecture and reduced colonic myeloperoxidase activity. This protection was associated with the down-regulation of TNF-α mRNA levels, which might derive from its ability to increase Dectin-1 mRNA levels. In conclusion, the present study suggests that Salecan contributes to the reduction of colonic damage and inflammation in mice with DSS-induced colitis and holds promise as a new, effective nutritional supplement in the management of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Vannucci L, Krizan J, Sima P, Stakheev D, Caja F, Rajsiglova L, Horak V, Saieh M. Immunostimulatory properties and antitumor activities of glucans (Review). Int J Oncol 2013; 43:357-64. [PMID: 23739801 PMCID: PMC3775562 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
New foods and natural biological modulators have recently become of scientific interest in the investigation of the value of traditional medical therapeutics. Glucans have an important part in this renewed interest. These fungal wall components are claimed to be useful for various medical purposes and they are obtained from medicinal mushrooms commonly used in traditional Oriental medicine. The immunotherapeutic properties of fungi extracts have been reported, including the enhancement of anticancer immunity responses. These properties are principally related to the stimulation of cells of the innate immune system. The discovery of specific receptors for glucans on dendritic cells (dectin-1), as well as interactions with other receptors, mainly expressed by innate immune cells (e.g., Toll-like receptors, complement receptor-3), have raised new attention toward these products as suitable therapeutic agents. We briefly review the characteristics of the glucans from mycelial walls as modulators of the immunity and their possible use as antitumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Vannucci
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology and Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, v.v.i., 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Zhou M, Jia P, Chen J, Xiu A, Zhao Y, Zhan Y, Chen P, Zhang J. Laxative effects of Salecan on normal and two models of experimental constipated mice. BMC Gastroenterol 2013; 13:52. [PMID: 23514598 PMCID: PMC3607894 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-13-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints with a highly prevalent and often chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting health-related quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Salecan on fecal output and small intestinal transit in normal and two models of drug-induced constipation mice. Methods ICR mice were administrated intragastrically (i.g.) by gavage with 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight (BW) of Salecan while the control mice were received saline. The constipated mice were induced by two types of drugs, loperamide (5 mg/kg BW, i.g.) and clonidine (200 μg/kg BW, i.g.), after Salecan treatment while the control mice were received saline. Number, weight and water content of feces were subsequently measured. Small intestinal transit was monitored by phenol red marker meal. Results Salecan (300 mg/kg BW) significantly increased the number and weight of feces in normal mice. In two models of drug-induced constipation, Salecan dose-dependently restored the fecal number and fecal weight. The water content of feces was markedly affected by loperamide, but not by clonidine. Treatment with Salecan significantly raised the fecal water content in loperamide-induced constipation mice. Moreover, Salecan markedly stimulated the small intestinal transit in both loperamide- and clonidine-induced constipation model mice. Conclusions These results suggest that Salecan has a potential to be used as a hydrophilic laxative for constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Zhou
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
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