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Giallo R, Wynter K, McMahon G, Seymour M, Fogarty A, Cooklin A, Leach L, Francis LM, Duursma E, Macdonald JA. Preconception factors associated with postnatal mental health and suicidality among first-time fathers: results from an Australian Longitudinal Study of Men's Health. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1153-1160. [PMID: 36708400 PMCID: PMC10366277 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prospective evidence about men at risk of postnatal difficulties is rare-particularly for postpartum suicidal ideation. This study aimed to determine the extent to which first-time fathers reported depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation and behaviours in the first postnatal year, and to identify preconception risk factors for postnatal mental health difficulties. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from The Ten to Men Study-Australia's population-based prospective study of men's health was conducted. Participants were 205 men who became first-time fathers in the 12 months prior to wave 2 (2015/16). Regression analyses were used to ascertain preconception (mental and physical health, lifestyle) and demographic factors associated with postnatal depressive symptoms. RESULTS Postnatally, 8.3% of fathers reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms, 5% had suicidal thoughts, 3% had plans, and less than 1% had attempted suicide. Preconception depressive symptoms was the only factor significantly associated with postnatal depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The transition into fatherhood is marked with significant psychological distress for some men. These results suggest that mental health screening and support in the preconception period is crucial to supporting the mental health of new fathers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Giallo
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Karen Wynter
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety, School of Nursing and Midwifery-Western Health Partnership, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Grace McMahon
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Alison Fogarty
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Liana Leach
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Lauren M Francis
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Jacqui A Macdonald
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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2
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Hipwell AE, Tung I, Krafty RT, Leong AW, Spada M, Vaccaro H, Homitsky SC, Moses-Kolko E, Keenan K. A lifespan perspective on depression in the postpartum period in a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of young mothers. Psychol Med 2023; 53:4415-4423. [PMID: 35513948 PMCID: PMC9637236 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consistent evidence from retrospective reports and case registry studies indicates that a history of depression is a major risk factor for depression in the peripartum period. However, longitudinal studies with racially and socioeconomically diverse samples of young mothers are lacking, and little is known about developmental patterns of depression across the lifespan that can inform preventive interventions. METHODS Young primiparous mothers (n = 399, 13-25 years, 81% Black) were recruited from a population-based prospective study that began in childhood. Women reported on depression symptoms for at least 3 years prior to their pregnancy, during pregnancy, and at 4 months postpartum. Linear regression models were used to estimate change in pre-pregnancy depression severity and to evaluate associations between patterns of lifetime history and postpartum depression symptoms. RESULTS Results revealed high levels of continuity in depression from pregnancy to postpartum, and across multiple years pre-pregnancy to postpartum. Overall, depression severity leading up to pregnancy decreased over time, but patterns of worsening or improving symptoms were not associated with depression severity in the postpartum period. Instead, area under the pre-pregnancy trajectory curve, representing cumulative lifetime depression burden, was uniquely associated with postpartum depression after adjusting for prenatal depression severity. CONCLUSIONS Depression in the postpartum period should be considered within a lifespan perspective of risk that accumulates before conception. Clinical screening and early interventions are needed in adolescence and young adulthood to prevent the onset and persistence of depressive symptoms that could have long-term implications for peripartum health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E. Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Irene Tung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, USA
| | - Robert T. Krafty
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Audrey W. Leong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Meredith Spada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hope Vaccaro
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah C. Homitsky
- Women's Behavioral Health, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eydie Moses-Kolko
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kate Keenan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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3
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Heshmati A, Honkaniemi H, Juárez SP. The effect of parental leave on parents' mental health: a systematic review. Lancet Public Health 2023; 8:e57-e75. [PMID: 36603912 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(22)00311-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mental health disorders during the post-partum period are a common morbidity, but parental leave might help alleviate symptoms by preventing or reducing stress. We aim to summarise available evidence on the effect of different types of parental leave on mental health outcomes among parents. For this systematic review, we searched Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus from database inception to Aug 29, 2022, for peer-reviewed, quantitative studies written in English. We included studies if the exposure was postnatal parental leave; a relevant comparison group was present (eg, paid vs unpaid leave); and if indicators related to general mental health, including depression, anxiety, stress, and suicide, for either parent were evaluated or recorded at any time after childbirth. The Review is registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42021227499). Of the 3441 records screened, 45 studies were narratively synthesised. Studies were done in high-income countries, and they examined generosity by any parental leave (n=5), benefit amount (n=13), and leave duration (n=31). 38 studies were of medium or high quality. Improved mental health was generally observed among women (referred to as mothers in this Review) with more generous parental leave policies (ie, leave duration and paid vs unpaid leave). For example, increased duration of leave was generally associated with reduced risk of poor maternal mental health, including depressive symptoms, psychological distress and burnout, and lower mental health-care uptake. However, the association between fathers' leave and paternal mental health outcomes was less conclusive as was the indirect effect of parental leave use on partners' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Heshmati
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Helena Honkaniemi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sol P Juárez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Lowrie N, Le Bas G, Youssef G, Macdonald JA, Teague S, Rogers A, Sunderland M, Mattick R, Elliott EJ, Allsop S, Burns L, Najman J, Jacobs S, Olsson CA, Hutchinson D. Association of adolescent and young adult depression and anxiety with perinatal mental health in fathers: Findings from an Australian longitudinal study. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 156:206-213. [PMID: 36265257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined associations between preconception diagnoses of major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders in adolescence and young adulthood and perinatal depression and anxiety symptoms in early fatherhood. In an Australian community cohort study of health and development, earlier history of MDD and anxiety disorders (extending back to adolescence) were assessed retrospectively in the third trimester of pregnancy via the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Paternal perinatal depression and anxiety were then assessed prospectively over three timepoints (third trimester of pregnancy, 8 weeks and 12 months postpartum), using established cut-points on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (anxiety subscale). Mixed-effects regression models examined risk associations between preconception diagnoses of MDD and anxiety disorders, and perinatal depression and anxiety symptoms at each timepoint, adjusting for socio-demographic factors and concurrent maternal mental health difficulties. The odds of clinically concerning levels of paternal perinatal depression and anxiety were 6-fold and 4-fold higher, respectively, in men with a preconception history of MDD. The odds of perinatal depression were 3-fold higher in men with a preconception history of an anxiety disorder. Less evidence was found for an association between preconception diagnoses of an anxiety disorder and perinatal anxiety in fathers. Interventions aimed at improving mental health in men during adolescence and young adulthood may promote continued psychological health in men during early fatherhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Lowrie
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Genevieve Le Bas
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia.
| | - George Youssef
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's, Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jacqui A Macdonald
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's, Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Samantha Teague
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; James Cook University, Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, Townsville, Australia.
| | - Alana Rogers
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Richard Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth J Elliott
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Steve Allsop
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Lucinda Burns
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jake Najman
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Sue Jacobs
- Department of Obstetrics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Craig A Olsson
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's, Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's, Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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5
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Olsson CA, Letcher P, Greenwood CJ, McIntosh JE, Barker S, Olsson CM, Macdonald JA, Spry EA, Hutchinson D, Ryan J, Edwards B, McGee R, Patton GC, Sanson AV. The Australian Temperament Project Generation 3 study: a population-based multigenerational prospective cohort study of socioemotional health and development. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061854. [PMID: 36113945 PMCID: PMC9486332 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Australian Temperament Project Generation 3 Study (ATPG3) was established to examine the extent to which offspring social and emotional development is shaped in the decades prior to conception, in parent and grandparent histories of psychosocial adjustment (eg, emotional regulation, relationship quality and prosociality) and maladjustment (eg, depressive symptoms, substance use and antisociality). PARTICIPANTS The Australian Temperament Project (ATP) commenced in 1983 as a population representative survey of the social and emotional health of 2443 young Australians (Generation 2: 4-8 months old) and their parents (Generation 1). Since then, families have been followed from infancy to young adulthood (16 waves). Between 2012 and 2018, the cohort was screened biannually for pregnancies (Generation 3), with assessments conducted in the third trimester of pregnancy, and at 8 weeks and 1 year postpartum. FINDINGS TO DATE A total of 1167 offspring (607 female) born to 703 Generation 2 parents (400 mothers) were recruited into the ATPG3 Study. Findings to date highlight: (1) strong continuities in depressive symptoms and substance use from adolescence through to becoming a parent; (2) a role for persistent preconception mental health problems in risk for parent-child bonding difficulties, as well as infant emotional reactivity and behaviour problems; (3) the importance of secure attachments in adolescence in reducing long-term risk for postpartum mental health problems; and (4) the protective nature of perceived social support, both preconception and postpartum, in strengthening relationship quality and social support during the COVID-19 pandemic. FUTURE PLANS Assessments of ATPG3 families in preschool and middle childhood are currently funded and underway. We intend to maintain the offspring cohort through childhood, adolescence, young adulthood and into parenthood. Data will be used to map preconception determinants of emotional health, and enhance approaches to population monitoring and targeted intervention over the life course and across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Olsson
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Primrose Letcher
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher J Greenwood
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer E McIntosh
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The Bouverie Centre, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sophie Barker
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine M Olsson
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqui A Macdonald
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Spry
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin Edwards
- Centre for Social Research and Methods, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Rob McGee
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - George C Patton
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ann V Sanson
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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From adolescence to parenthood: a multi-decade study of preconception mental health problems and postpartum parent-infant bonds. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:601-610. [PMID: 33001248 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine associations between anxiety and depressive symptoms across adolescence and young adulthood with subsequent maternal- and paternal-infant bonding at 1 year postpartum. METHODS The data were from a prospective, intergenerational cohort study. Participants (381 mothers of 648 infants; 277 fathers of 421 infants) self-reported depression and anxiety at three adolescent waves (ages 13, 15 and 17 years) and three young adult waves (ages 19, 23 and 27 years). Subsequent parent-infant bonds with infants were reported at 1 year postpartum (parent age 29-35 years). Generalised estimating equations (GEE) separately assessed associations for mothers and fathers. RESULTS Mean postpartum bonding scores were approximately half a standard deviation lower in parents with a history of persistent adolescent and young adult depressive symptoms (maternal βadj = - 0.45, 95% CI - 0.69, - 0.21; paternal βadj = - 0.55, 95% CI - 0.90, 0.20) or anxiety (maternal βadj = - 0.42, 95% CI - 0.66, - 0.18; paternal βadj = - 0.49, 95% CI - 0.95, 0.03). Associations were still mostly evident, but attenuated after further adjustment for postpartum mental health concurrent with measurement of bonding. CONCLUSIONS Persistent symptoms of depression or anxiety spanning adolescence and young adulthood predict poorer emotional bonding with infants 1-year postbirth for both mothers and fathers.
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7
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Spry EA, Moreno-Betancur M, Middleton M, Howard LM, Brown SJ, Molyneaux E, Greenwood CJ, Letcher P, Macdonald JA, Thomson KC, Biden EJ, Olsson CA, Patton GC. Preventing postnatal depression: a causal mediation analysis of a 20-year preconception cohort. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200028. [PMID: 33938272 PMCID: PMC8090815 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Postnatal depression (PND) is common and predicts a range of adverse maternal and offspring outcomes. PND rates are highest among women with persistent mental health problems before pregnancy, and antenatal healthcare provides ideal opportunity to intervene. We examined antenatal perceived social support as a potential intervention target in preventing PND symptoms among women with prior mental health problems. A total of 398 Australian women (600 pregnancies) were assessed repeatedly for mental health problems before pregnancy (ages 14-29 years, 1992-2006), and again during pregnancy, two months postpartum and one year postpartum (2006-2014). Causal mediation analysis found that intervention on perceived antenatal social support has the potential to reduce rates of PND symptoms by up to 3% (from 15 to 12%) in women with persistent preconception symptoms. Supplementary analyses found that the role of low antenatal social support was independent of concurrent antenatal depressive symptoms. Combined, these two factors mediated up to more than half of the association between preconception mental health problems and PND symptoms. Trialling dual interventions on antenatal depressive symptoms and perceived social support represents one promising strategy to prevent PND in women with persistent preconception symptoms. Interventions promoting mental health before pregnancy may yield an even greater reduction in PND symptoms by disrupting a developmental cascade of risks via these and other pathways. This article is part of the theme issue 'Multidisciplinary perspectives on social support and maternal-child health'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Spry
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Margarita Moreno-Betancur
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Melissa Middleton
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Louise M. Howard
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Stephanie J. Brown
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Emma Molyneaux
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Christopher J. Greenwood
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Primrose Letcher
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jacqui A. Macdonald
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kimberly C. Thomson
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z3
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada V6Z 1Y6
| | - Ebony J. Biden
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Craig A. Olsson
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - George C. Patton
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
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8
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Macdonald JA, Greenwood CJ, Letcher P, Spry EA, Mansour K, McIntosh JE, Thomson KC, Deane C, Biden EJ, Edwards B, Hutchinson D, Cleary J, Toumbourou JW, Sanson AV, Olsson CA. Parent and Peer Attachments in Adolescence and Paternal Postpartum Mental Health: Findings From the ATP Generation 3 Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:672174. [PMID: 34122266 PMCID: PMC8195233 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.672174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: When adolescent boys experience close, secure relationships with their parents and peers, the implications are potentially far reaching, including lower levels of mental health problems in adolescence and young adulthood. Here we use rare prospective intergenerational data to extend our understanding of the impact of adolescent attachments on subsequent postpartum mental health problems in early fatherhood. Methods: At age 17–18 years, we used an abbreviated Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment to assess trust, communication, and alienation reported by 270 male participants in their relationships with mothers, fathers, and peers. More than a decade later, we assessed the adult males, now fathers, at 12 months postpartum (N = 409 infant offspring) for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Logistic regression was used to examine the extent to which attachment dimensions predicted paternal postpartum mental health, adjusting for potential confounding, and with assessment for interactions between parent and peer attachments. Results: Trust in mothers and peers, and good communication with fathers during adolescence, were associated with 5 to 7 percentage point reductions in postpartum mental health symptoms in early fatherhood. Weak evidence of parent-peer interactions suggested secure attachments with either parent or peer may compensate for an insecure attachment with the other. Conclusions: Our results suggest that fostering trust and communication in relationships that adolescent boys have with parents and peers may have substantial effects on rates of paternal postpartum mental health problems. The protective benefits may be preventative in intergenerational cycles of risk for mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui A Macdonald
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher J Greenwood
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Primrose Letcher
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Spry
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kayla Mansour
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer E McIntosh
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,The Bouverie Centre, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kimberly C Thomson
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Camille Deane
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ebony J Biden
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ben Edwards
- Centre for Social Research and Methods, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joyce Cleary
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John W Toumbourou
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ann V Sanson
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Craig A Olsson
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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9
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McAnally HM, Iosua E, Sligo JL, Belsky J, Spry E, Letcher P, Macdonald JA, Thomson KC, Olsson CA, Williams S, McGee R, Bolton AE, Hancox RJ. Childhood disadvantage and adolescent socioemotional wellbeing as predictors of future parenting behaviour. J Adolesc 2020; 86:90-100. [PMID: 33360856 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In extending work on early life antecedents of parenting, we investigate associations between childhood family history of disadvantage, adolescent socioemotional wellbeing, and age at first parenthood and subsequent parenting behaviour. METHODS Parent-child interactions were recorded when participants in the longitudinal Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (New Zealand) had a three-year-old child. Data were available for 358 mothers and 321 fathers, aged between 17.7 and 41.5 at the time of their child's birth. Associations between parenting and antecedent data on socioeconomic disadvantage, adolescent wellbeing and mental health, as well as current adult mental health and age at parenting, were tested for using structural equation modelling. RESULTS Family disadvantage in childhood and lower adolescent wellbeing was associated with less positive future parenting, but only adult (not adolescent) anxiety/depression symptoms were directly associated with parenting behaviour. Childhood family disadvantage was associated with further disadvantage across the life course that included less positive parenting of the next generation. In contrast, socioemotional wellbeing during adolescence and later age of onset of parenting were associated with more positive parenting. CONCLUSIONS Reducing childhood disadvantage and improving socioemotional wellbeing during childhood and adolescence is likely to have intergenerational benefits through better parenting of the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M McAnally
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
| | - E Iosua
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - J L Sligo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - J Belsky
- Robert M. and Natalie Reid Dorn Professor, Department of Human Ecology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, 1331 Hart Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - E Spry
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Letcher
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J A Macdonald
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - K C Thomson
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of British Columbia, Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C A Olsson
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Williams
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - R McGee
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - A E Bolton
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - R J Hancox
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
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10
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Macdonald JA, Greenwood CJ, Francis LM, Harrison TR, Graeme LG, Youssef GJ, Di Manno L, Skouteris H, Fletcher R, Knight T, Williams J, Milgrom J, Olsson CA. Profiles of Depressive Symptoms and Anger in Men: Associations With Postpartum Family Functioning. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:578114. [PMID: 33329118 PMCID: PMC7719778 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.578114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that men commonly experience depression as feelings of anger; yet, research has not investigated what this means for the manifestation of depressive symptoms in the early years of fatherhood and for key indicators of family functioning. Methods: Using data from a longitudinal cohort study of men at the normative age for entering fatherhood (28-32 years), we conducted latent class analyses to identify patterns of depressive symptoms and 3 sub-types of state anger (feeling; verbal; physical). We then assessed whether class membership was associated with paternity status (n = 535). In a subsample of fathers of infants aged up to 18 months (n = 162), we prospectively assessed associations with paternal-infant bonding, co-parenting, perceived social support, paternal involvement in childcare and alcohol use up to 2 years later. Results: Five classes emerged that differentiated men by anger and depressive symptom severity and by the degree to which men endorsed the feeling of wanting to express anger physically. Compared to the reference class with minimal symptoms, fathers had a higher probability of being in either the mild or most severe symptom classes. Men in symptomatic classes were at higher risk of lower levels of social support, co-parenting problems, and paternal-infant bonds. Class membership was not associated with alcohol use or paternal involvement in childcare. Conclusions: Our results reveal patterns of co-existing symptoms of depression and anger in fathers of infants that will be relevant to men's own need for support, their family safety, partner mental health and child developmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui A. Macdonald
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Greenwood
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren M. Francis
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Tessa R. Harrison
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Liam G. Graeme
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - George J. Youssef
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Di Manno
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Fletcher
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Family Action Centre, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Tess Knight
- Cairnmillar Institute, Hawthorn East, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne Williams
- Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeannette Milgrom
- Parent-Infant Research Institute, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Craig A. Olsson
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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11
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Rubrofusarin Attenuates Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depressive Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103454. [PMID: 32414166 PMCID: PMC7278964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine whether rubrofusarin, an active ingredient of the Cassia species, has an antidepressive effect in chronic restraint stress (CRS) mouse model. Although acute treatment using rubrofusarin failed, chronic treatment using rubrofusarin ameliorated CRS-induced depressive symptoms. Rubrofusarin treatment significantly reduced the number of Fluoro-Jade B-positive cells and caspase-3 activation within the hippocampus of CRS-treated mice. Moreover, rubrofusarin treatment significantly increased the number of newborn neurons in the hippocampus of CRS-treated mice. CRS induced activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and regulated development and DNA damage responses, and reductions in the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase pathway activity were also reversed by rubrofusarin treatment. Microglial activation and inflammasome markers, including nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 and adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD, which were induced by CRS, were ameliorated by rubrofusarin. Synaptic plasticity dysfunction within the hippocampus was also rescued by rubrofusarin treatment. Within in vitro experiments, rubrofusarin blocked corticosterone-induced long-term potentiation impairments. These were blocked by LY294002, which is an Akt inhibitor. Finally, we found that the antidepressant effects of rubrofusarin were blocked by an intracerebroventricular injection of LY294002. These results suggest that rubrofusarin ameliorated CRS-induced depressive symptoms through PI3K/Akt signaling.
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