1
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Tian X, Li F, Tang Z, Wang S, Weng K, Liu D, Lu S, Liu W, Fu Z, Li W, Qiu H, Tu M, Zhang H, Li J. Crosslinking-induced patterning of MOFs by direct photo- and electron-beam lithography. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2920. [PMID: 38575569 PMCID: PMC10995132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with diverse chemistry, structures, and properties have emerged as appealing materials for miniaturized solid-state devices. The incorporation of MOF films in these devices, such as the integrated microelectronics and nanophotonics, requires robust patterning methods. However, existing MOF patterning methods suffer from some combinations of limited material adaptability, compromised patterning resolution and scalability, and degraded properties. Here we report a universal, crosslinking-induced patterning approach for various MOFs, termed as CLIP-MOF. Via resist-free, direct photo- and electron-beam (e-beam) lithography, the ligand crosslinking chemistry leads to drastically reduced solubility of colloidal MOFs, permitting selective removal of unexposed MOF films with developer solvents. This enables scalable, micro-/nanoscale (≈70 nm resolution), and multimaterial patterning of MOFs on large-area, rigid or flexible substrates. Patterned MOF films preserve their crystallinity, porosity, and other properties tailored for targeted applications, such as diffractive gas sensors and electrochromic pixels. The combined features of CLIP-MOF create more possibilities in the system-level integration of MOFs in various electronic, photonic, and biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zhenyuan Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kangkang Weng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wangyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhong Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hengwei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Min Tu
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Jinghong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, 102206, China
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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2
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Rubio-Giménez V, Carraro F, Hofer S, Fratschko M, Stassin T, Rodríguez-Hermida S, Schrode B, Barba L, Resel R, Falcaro P, Ameloot R. Polymorphism and orientation control of copper-dicarboxylate metal-organic framework thin films through vapour- and liquid-phase growth. CrystEngComm 2024; 26:1071-1076. [PMID: 38384732 PMCID: PMC10877460 DOI: 10.1039/d3ce01296d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Precise control over the crystalline phase and crystallographic orientation within thin films of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is highly desirable. Here, we report a comparison of the liquid- and vapour-phase film deposition of two copper-dicarboxylate MOFs starting from an oriented metal hydroxide precursor. X-ray diffraction revealed that the vapour- or liquid-phase reaction of the linker with this precursor results in different crystalline phases, morphologies, and orientations. Pole figure analysis showed that solution-based growth of the MOFs follows the axial texture of the metal hydroxide precursor, resulting in heteroepitaxy. In contrast, the vapour-phase method results in non-epitaxial growth with uniplanar texture only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/Z2 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Mario Fratschko
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Timothée Stassin
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Sabina Rodríguez-Hermida
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Benedikt Schrode
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Luisa Barba
- Istituto di Cristallografia - Sincrotrone Elettra, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Area Science Park 34142 Basovizza Italy
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/Z2 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
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3
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Lakhan MN, Hanan A, Wang Y, Liu S, Arandiyan H. Recent Progress on Nickel- and Iron-Based Metallic Organic Frameworks for Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A Review. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2465-2486. [PMID: 38265034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Developing sustainable energy solutions to safeguard the environment is a critical ongoing demand. Electrochemical water splitting (EWS) is a green approach to create effective and long-lasting electrocatalysts for the water oxidation process. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have become commonly utilized materials in recent years because of their distinguishing pore architectures, metal nodes easy accessibility, large specific surface areas, shape, and adaptable function. This review outlines the most significant developments in current work on developing improved MOFs for enhancing EWS. The benefits and drawbacks of MOFs are first discussed in this review. Then, some cutting-edge methods for successfully modifying MOFs are also highlighted. Recent progress on nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe) based MOFs have been critically discussed. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the existing challenges and prospects for Ni- and Fe-based MOFs are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nazim Lakhan
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Abdul Hanan
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Shaomin Liu
- School of Advanced Engineering, Great Bay University, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Hamidreza Arandiyan
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Centre for Applied Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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4
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Yu C, Cen X, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Xue W, Qiao Z, Guiver MD, Zhong C. Step-Nucleation In Situ Self-Repair to Prepare Rollable Large-Area Ultrathin MOF Membranes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2307013. [PMID: 37643466 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin membranes with ultrahigh permeance and good gas selectivity have the potential to greatly decrease separation process costs, but it requires the practical preparation of large area membranes for implementation. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are very attractive for membrane gas separation applications. However, to date, the largest MOF membrane area reported in the literature is only about 100 cm2 . In the present study, a new step-nucleation in situ self-repair strategy is proposed that enables the preparation of large-area (2400 cm2 ) ultrathin and rollable MOF membranes deposited on an inexpensive flexible polymer membrane support layer for the first time, combining a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-metal-ion layer and a pure metal-ion layer. The main role of the pure metal-ion layer is to act as the main nucleation sites for MOF membrane growth, while the PVA-metal-ion layer acts as a slow-release metal-ion source, which supplements MOF crystal nucleation to repair any defects occurring. Membrane modules are necessary components for membrane applications, and spiral-wound modules are among the most common module formats that are widely applied in gas separation. A 4800 cm2 spiral-wound membrane module was successfully prepared, demonstrating the practical implementation of large-area MOF membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xixi Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zhengqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yuxiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Wenjuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zhihua Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Michael D Guiver
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chongli Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
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5
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Qiang Z, Yi Z, Wang JW, Khandge RS, Ma X. Fabrication of Polycrystalline Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Membranes by a Vapor-Phase Seeding Method. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:782. [PMID: 37755204 PMCID: PMC10538002 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The reliable fabrication of polycrystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) membranes continues to pose challenges for their industrial applications. Here, we present a vapor-phase seeding approach that integrates atomic layer deposition (ALD) with ligand vapor treatment to synthesize ZIF membranes with high propylene/propane separation performance. This method began with depositing a ZnO coating onto the support surface via ALD. The support underwent treatment with 2-methylimidazole vapor to transform ZnO to ZIF-8, forming the seed layer. Subsequent secondary growth was employed at near-room temperature, allowing the seeds to grow into a continuous membrane. ZIF-8 membranes made on macroporous ceramic support by this method consistently demonstrated propylene permeances above 1 × 10-8 mol Pa-1 m-2 s-1 and a propylene/propane separation factor exceeding 50. Moreover, we demonstrated the effectiveness of the vapor-phase seeding method in producing the ZIF-67 membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoli Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA; (Z.Q.); (Z.Y.); (J.-W.W.); (R.S.K.)
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6
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Zhu B, He S, Yang Y, Li S, Lau CH, Liu S, Shao L. Boosting membrane carbon capture via multifaceted polyphenol-mediated soldering. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1697. [PMID: 36973263 PMCID: PMC10043006 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in membrane technologies are significant for mitigating global climate change because of their low cost and easy operation. Although mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) obtained via the combination of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and a polymer matrix are promising for energy-efficient gas separation, the achievement of a desirable match between polymers and MOFs for the development of advanced MMMs is challenging, especially when emerging highly permeable materials such as polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are deployed. Here, we report a molecular soldering strategy featuring multifunctional polyphenols in tailored polymer chains, well-designed hollow MOF structures, and defect-free interfaces. The exceptional adhesion nature of polyphenols results in dense packing and visible stiffness of PIM-1 chains with strengthened selectivity. The architecture of the hollow MOFs leads to free mass transfer and substantially improves permeability. These structural advantages act synergistically to break the permeability-selectivity trade-off limit in MMMs and surpass the conventional upper bound. This polyphenol molecular soldering method has been validated for various polymers, providing a universal pathway to prepare advanced MMMs with desirable performance for diverse applications beyond carbon capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Songwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education), National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cher Hon Lau
- School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shaomin Liu
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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7
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Xu P, Wang X, Shi J, Chen W, Lu ZJ, Jia H, Ye D, Li X. Functionally Collaborative Nanostructure for Direct Monitoring of Neurotransmitter Exocytosis in Living Cells. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2427-2435. [PMID: 36715488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitter exocytosis of living cells plays a vital role in neuroscience. However, the available amperometric technique with carbon fiber electrodes typically measures exocytotic events from one cell during one procedure, which requires professional operations and takes time to produce statistical results of multiple cells. Here, we develop a functionally collaborative nanostructure to directly measure the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) exocytosis from living rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. The functionally collaborative nanostructure is constructed of metal-organic framework (MOF)-on-nanowires-on-graphene oxide, which is highly sensitive to DA molecules and enables direct detection of neurotransmitter exocytosis. Using the microsensor, the exocytosis from PC12 cells pretreated with the desired drugs (e.g., anticoronavirus drug, antiflu drug, or anti-inflammatory drug) has been successfully measured. Our achievements demonstrate the feasibility of the functionally collaborative nanostructure in the real-time detection of exocytosis and the potential applicability in the highly efficient assessment of the modulation effects of medications on exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Jiaci Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200065, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200080, China
| | - Hao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Daixin Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai200444, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, China
- School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
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8
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Multia J, Kravchenko DE, Rubio-Giménez V, Philip A, Ameloot R, Karppinen M. Nanoporous Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films Prepared Directly from Gaseous Precursors by Atomic and Molecular Layer Deposition: Implications for Microelectronics. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023; 6:827-831. [PMID: 36743856 PMCID: PMC9887593 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c04934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) allows for the direct gas-phase synthesis of crystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films. Here, we show for the first time using krypton and methanol physisorption measurements that ALD/MLD-fabricated copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (Cu-BDC) ultrathin films possess accessible porosity matching that of the corresponding bulk MOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Multia
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
| | - Dmitry E. Kravchenko
- Centre
for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Centre
for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Anish Philip
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre
for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Maarit Karppinen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
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9
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Rubio-Giménez V, Arnauts G, Wang M, Oliveros Mata ES, Huang X, Lan T, Tietze ML, Kravchenko DE, Smets J, Wauteraerts N, Khadiev A, Novikov DV, Makarov D, Dong R, Ameloot R. Chemical Vapor Deposition and High-Resolution Patterning of a Highly Conductive Two-Dimensional Coordination Polymer Film. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:152-159. [PMID: 36534059 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Crystalline coordination polymers with high electrical conductivities and charge carrier mobilities might open new opportunities for electronic devices. However, current solvent-based synthesis methods hinder compatibility with microfabrication standards. Here, we describe a solvent-free chemical vapor deposition method to prepare high-quality films of the two-dimensional conjugated coordination polymer Cu-BHT (BHT = benzenehexanothiolate). This approach involves the conversion of a metal oxide precursor into Cu-BHT nanofilms with a controllable thickness (20-85 nm) and low roughness (<10 nm) through exposure to the vaporized organic linker. Moreover, the restricted metal ion mobility during the vapor-solid reaction enables high-resolution patterning via both bottom-up lithography, including the fabrication of micron-sized Hall bar and electrode patterns to accurately evaluate the conductivity and mobility values of the Cu-BHT films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giel Arnauts
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mingchao Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eduardo Sergio Oliveros Mata
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Xing Huang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tianshu Lan
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Max L Tietze
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dmitry E Kravchenko
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jorid Smets
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Wauteraerts
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Azat Khadiev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitri V Novikov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Denys Makarov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Shen Y, Tissot A, Serre C. Recent progress on MOF-based optical sensors for VOC sensing. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13978-14007. [PMID: 36540831 PMCID: PMC9728564 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The raising apprehension of volatile organic compound (VOC) exposures urges the exploration of advanced monitoring platforms. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provide many attractive features including tailorable porosity, high surface areas, good chemical/thermal stability, and various host-guest interactions, making them appealing candidates for VOC capture and sensing. To comprehensively exploit the potential of MOFs as sensing materials, great efforts have been dedicated to the shaping and patterning of MOFs for next-level device integration. Among different types of sensors (chemiresistive sensors, gravimetric sensors, optical sensors, etc.), MOFs coupled with optical sensors feature distinctive strength. This review summarized the latest advancements in MOF-based optical sensors with a particular focus on VOC sensing. The subject is discussed by different mechanisms: colorimetry, luminescence, and sensors based on optical index modulations. Critical analysis for each system highlighting practical aspects was also deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Shen
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | - Antoine Tissot
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
| | - Christian Serre
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University 75005 Paris France
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11
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Dönges I, Büschges MI, Njel C, Schneider JJ. Gas phase synthesis and adsorption properties of a 3D ZIF-8 CNT composite. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13725-13733. [PMID: 36004443 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02155b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The metal organic framework structure ZIF-8 has been grown directly on vertically aligned carbon nano tubes (VACNT) by a solid vapour transformation of a ZnO@VACNT composite with gaseous 2-methylimidazole. The ZnO@VACNT composite was synthesised by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using diethylzinc and water as precursors resulting in a homogeneous distribution of crystalline ZnO particles with an average size of 13 nm within the 3D VACNT host structure. The ZnO@VACNT composite was transformed to ZIF-8 by reaction with 2-methyl-imidazole (Hmim) while maintaining the 3D VACNT structure employing a solid vapour transformation reaction. Reaction time and temperature were identified as key parameters to control the generated surface area and the degree of conversion of the nanoscaled ZnO particles. 80 °C and 72 h were found to be sufficient for a complete conversion while longer reaction times result in even higher surface areas of the formed ZIF-8@VACNT composite. Surface areas of up to 1569 m2 g-1 could be achieved. Temperatures below 80 °C led to an incomplete conversion even under longer reaction times of up to 6 weeks. Finally, the CO2 adsorption properties of the ZIF-8@VACNT composite were evaluated. A composite with a 27 w% content of CNTs and a surface area of 1277 m2 g-1 shows an adsorption of 6.05 mmol g-1 CO2 at 30 bar. From the comparison with the pristine materials ZIF-8 and VACNT alone the observed overall CO2 adsorption behaviour of the composite is a combination of the behaviour of the individual components, ZIF-8 and VACNTs. Namely the typical steep rise of the ZIF-8 in the low-pressure regime with a nearly linear steady progression in the medium pressure size regime, the latter typical for VACNTs, proves that the combination of both components leads to enhanced adsorption properties of the ZIF-8@VACNT composite compared to the sole components ZIF-8 and VACNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Dönges
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - M Isabelle Büschges
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Christian Njel
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMFi), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
| | - Jörg J Schneider
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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