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Zhao S, Liu J, Lv Z, Zhang G, Xu Z. Recent updates on 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids with in vivo therapeutic potential against cancers: A mini-review. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 251:115254. [PMID: 36893627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazole moiety which is usually constructed by highly versatile, efficacious and selective copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition not only can act as a linker to connect different pharmacophores, but also is a useful pharmacophore with diverse biological properties. 1,2,3-Triazoles are readily interact with diverse enzymes and receptors in cancer cells through non-covalent interactions and can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle and induce apoptosis. In particular, 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids have the potential to exert dual or multiple anticancer mechanisms of action, representing useful scaffolds in expediting development of novel anticancer agents. The current review summarizes the in vivo anticancer efficacy and mechanisms of action of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids reported in the last decade to continuously open up a map for the remarkable exploration of more effective candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zaosheng Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Guangde Zhang
- Engineering Training Center, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Zhi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
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2
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Govindaraj M, Suresh M, Palaniyandi T, Viswanathan S, Wahab MRA, Baskar G, Surendran H, Ravi M, Sivaji A. Bio-fabrication of gold nanoparticles from brown seaweeds for anticancer activity against glioblastoma through invitro and molecular docking approaches. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Hercbergs A, Mousa SA, Lin HY, Davis PJ. What is thyroid function in your just-diagnosed cancer patient? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1109528. [PMID: 36875482 PMCID: PMC9982093 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1109528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The principal hormonal product of the thyroid gland, L-thyroxine (T4), is a prohormone for 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine, T3, the major ligand of nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (TRs). At a cell surface thyroid hormone analogue receptor on cancer cell and endothelial cell plasma membrane integrin αvβ3, however, T4 at physiological concentrations is biologically active and is the major ligand. At this site in solid tumor cells, T4 nongenomically initiates cell proliferation, is anti-apoptotic by multiple mechanisms, supports radioresistance and enhances cancer-related angiogenesis. In contrast, hypothyroidism has been reported clinically to slow tumor growth. At physiological levels, T3 is not biologically active at the integrin and maintenance of euthyroidism with T3 in cancer patients may be associated with slowed tumor proliferation. Against this background, we raise the possibility that host serum T4 levels that are spontaneously in the upper tertile or quartile of the normal range in cancer patients may be a factor that contributes to aggressive tumor behavior. Recent observations on tumor metastasis and tumor-associated propensity for thrombosis due to T4 also justify clinical statistical analysis for a relationship to upper tertile hormone levels. That reverse T3 (rT3) may stimulate tumor growth has recently been reported and thus the utility of adding this measurement to thyroid function testing in cancer patients requires assessment. In summary, T4 at physiological concentrations promotes tumor cell division and aggressiveness and euthyroid hypothyroxinemia arrests clinically advanced solid tumors. These findings support the clinical possibility that T4 levels in the upper tertile of the normal range require examination as a tumor supporting factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleck Hercbergs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Paul J. Davis
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Paul J. Davis,
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Fujioka K, Hay BA, Godugu K, Mousa SA. Pharmacokinetics of fluorobenzyl polyethylene glycol conjugated tetraiodothyroacetic acid (NP751), a novel anticancer thyrointegrin α vβ 3 antagonist. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902141. [PMID: 36518666 PMCID: PMC9742531 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently reported on the development of fb-PMT (NP751), a conjugate of the thyroid hormone metabolite tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) and monodisperse polyethylene glycol 36. It exhibited high affinity for thyrointegrin αvβ3 receptor and potent anti-angiogenic and anticancer activity in vivo. The objective of the current study is to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) of fb-PMT in experimental animals, such as mice, rats, and monkeys. NP751 was quantified using a propylene diamine-modified tetraiodothyroacetic acid (DAT) as an internal standard. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for fb-PMT was 1.5 ng/μL and the recovery efficiency was 93.9% with the developed method. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the curve (AUC) results at different doses in mice, rats and monkeys suggest that pharmacokinetics of NP751 is dose-dependent within the dose ranges administered. Results indicate that NP751 has comparable PK parameters that provides enough exposure as a molecularly tumor targeted molecule in multiple species and is a promising anticancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences and Nanopharmaceuticals, LLC, Rensselaer, NY, United States
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Preparation and characterization of steroid and umbelliferone-based hetero-bifunctional poly(ε-caprolactone)s for potential drug delivery systems: antimicrobial and anticancer activities. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yang W, Xuan B, Li X, Si H, Chen A. Therapeutic potential of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids for leukemia treatment. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200106. [PMID: 35532286 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia, a hematological malignancy originating from the bone marrow, is the principal cancer of childhood. In recent decades, improved remission rates and survival of patients with leukemia have been achieved due to significant breakthroughs in the treatment. However, chemoresistance and relapse are common, creating an urgent need for the search for novel pharmaceutical interventions. 1,2,3-Triazole is one of the most fascinating pharmacophores in the discovery of new drugs, and several 1,2,3-triazole derivatives have already been used in clinics or are under clinical evaluation for the treatment of cancers. In particular, 1,2,3-triazole hybrids could suppress tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting enzymes, proteins, and receptors in cancer cells, revealing their potential as putative antileukemic agents. This review covers the recent advances regarding the 1,2,3-triazole hybrids with potential antileukemic activity, focusing on the chemical structures, structure-activity relationship, and mechanisms of action, covering articles published from January 2017 to January 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bixia Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aiping Chen
- Emergency Department, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
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Glinsky GV, Godugu K, Sudha T, Rajabi M, Chittur SV, Hercbergs AA, Mousa SA, Davis PJ. Effects of Anticancer Agent P-bi-TAT on Gene Expression Link the Integrin Thyroid Hormone Receptor to Expression of Stemness and Energy Metabolism Genes in Cancer Cells. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040325. [PMID: 35448512 PMCID: PMC9029602 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified forms of tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac), an L-thyroxine derivative, have been shown to exert their anticancer activity at plasma membrane integrin αvβ3 of tumor cells. Via a specific hormone receptor on the integrin, tetrac-based therapeutic agents modulate expression of genes relevant to cancer cell proliferation, survival and energy metabolism. P-bi-TAT, a novel bivalent tetrac-containing synthetic compound has anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other types of human cancers. In the current study, microarray analysis was carried out on a primary culture of human GBM cells exposed to P-bi-TAT (10−6 tetrac equivalent) for 24 h. P-bi-TAT significantly affected expression of a large panel of genes implicated in cancer cell stemness, growth, survival and angiogenesis. Recent interest elsewhere in ATP synthase as a target in GBM cells caused us to focus attention on expression of genes involved in energy metabolism. Significantly downregulated transcripts included multiple energy-metabolism-related genes: electron transport chain genes ATP5A1 (ATP synthase 1), ATP51, ATP5G2, COX6B1 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1), NDUFA8 (NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) FA8), NDUFV2I and other NDUF genes. The NDUF and ATP genes are also relevant to control of oxidative phosphorylation and transcription. Qualitatively similar actions of P-bi-TAT on expression of subsets of energy-metabolism-linked genes were also detected in established human GBM and pancreatic cancer cell lines. In conclusion, acting at αvβ3 integrin, P-bi-TAT caused downregulation in human cancer cells of expression of a large number of genes involved in electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. These observations suggest that cell surface thyroid hormone receptors on αvβ3 regulate expression of genes relevant to tumor cell stemness and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadi V. Glinsky
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
- Correspondence: (G.V.G.); (P.J.D.); Tel.: +1-858-401-3470 (G.V.G.); +1-518-428-7848 (P.J.D.); Fax: +1-518-694-7567 (P.J.D.)
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Thangirala Sudha
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Mehdi Rajabi
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Sridar V. Chittur
- Center for Functional Genomics, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA;
| | | | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Paul J. Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (K.G.); (T.S.); (M.R.); (S.A.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
- Correspondence: (G.V.G.); (P.J.D.); Tel.: +1-858-401-3470 (G.V.G.); +1-518-428-7848 (P.J.D.); Fax: +1-518-694-7567 (P.J.D.)
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Triazole Modified Tetraiodothyroacetic Acid Conjugated to Polyethylene Glycol, a Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Antagonist as a Radio- and Chemo-Sensitizer in Pancreatic Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040795. [PMID: 35453545 PMCID: PMC9032383 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone L thyroxine stimulates pancreatic carcinoma cell proliferation via thyrointegrin αvβ3 receptors, and antagonist tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) inhibits cancer cell growth. Chemically modified bis-triazole-tetrac conjugated with polyethylene glycol (P-bi-TAT) has higher binding affinity to αvβ3 receptors compared to tetrac. We investigated the antiproliferation effect of P-bi-TAT in pancreatic cancer cells (SUIT2) and its radio- and chemo-sensitizing roles in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. P-bi-TAT treatment increased tumor-targeted radiation-induced cell death and decreased tumor size. P-bi-TAT acted as a chemo-sensitizer and enhanced the 5-fluorouracil (5FU) effect in decreasing pancreatic tumor weight compared to 5FU monotherapy. Withdrawal of treatment continued the tumor regression; however, the 5FU group showed tumor regrowth. The mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of P-bi-TAT on SUIT2 cells were assessed by microarray experiments, and genome-wide profiling identified significant alterations of 1348 genes’ expression. Both down-regulated and up-regulated transcripts suggest that a molecular interference at the signaling pathway-associated gene expression is the prevalent mode of P-bi-TAT anti-cancer activity. Our data indicate that non-cytotoxic P-bi-TAT is not only an anti-cancer agent but also a radio-sensitizer and chemo-sensitizer that acts on the extracellular domain of the cell surface αvβ3 receptor.
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Darwish NHE, Glinsky GV, Sudha T, Mousa SA. Targeting Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Using Fluorobenzyl Polyethylene Glycol Conjugated Tetraiodothyroacetic Acid (NP751) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 11:793810. [PMID: 35155195 PMCID: PMC8828484 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.793810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor long-term survival, even with newer therapeutic agents. Here, we show the results of our preclinical study, in which we evaluated the efficacy of a new thyrointegrin αvβ3 antagonist, named fluorobenzyl polyethylene glycol conjugated tetraiodothyroacetic acid (fb-PMT). Methods and Results fb-PMT (NP751) is a potent αvβ3 antagonist of molecular weight of 2,478.9 Da. it represents a conjugate of tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) and monodisperse polyethylene glycol (PEG36), with a 4-fluorobenzyl group capping the other end of the PEG. fb-PMT effectively suppresses the malignant growth of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after successful engraftment in transgenic NSG-S xenograft mouse models of either established human AML cell line or primary AML cells. Daily treatment with fb-PMT (1–10 mg/kg body weight) subcutaneously (s.c.) for 3–4 weeks was associated with marked regression of leukemogenesis and extended survival in both models. The efficiency of the fb-PMT therapy was verified using in vivo imaging system (IVIS) imaging, flow cytometry, and histopathological examination to monitor the engraftment of leukemic cells in the bone marrow and other organs. fb-PMT therapy for 3–4 weeks at 3 and 10 mg/kg daily doses exhibited significant reduction (p < 0.0001) of leukemic cell burden of 74% and >95%, respectively. All fb-PMT-treated mice in the 10 mg/kg treatment arm successfully maintained remission after discontinuing the daily treatment. Comprehensive fb-PMT safety assessments demonstrated excellent safety and tolerability at multiple folds above the anticipated human therapeutic doses. Lastly, our genome-wide microarray screens demonstrated that fb-PMT works through the molecular interference mechanism with multiple signaling pathways contributing to growth and survival of leukemic cells. Conclusion Our preclinical findings of the potent anticancer activities of fb-PMT and its favorable safety profiles warrant its clinical investigation for the effective and safe management of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureldien H E Darwish
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States.,Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Gennadi V Glinsky
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Thangirala Sudha
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States
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Godugu K, Mousa SA, Glinsky GV, Lin HY, Davis PJ. In Vivo Clearance of Apoptotic Debris From Tumor Xenografts Exposed to Chemically Modified Tetrac: Is There a Role for Thyroid Hormone Analogues in Efferocytosis? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:745327. [PMID: 35311239 PMCID: PMC8931655 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.745327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is induced in cancer cells and tumor xenografts by the thyroid hormone analogue tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) or chemically modified forms of tetrac. The effect is initiated at a hormone receptor on the extracellular domain of plasma membrane integrin αvβ3. The tumor response to tetrac includes 80% reduction in size of glioblastoma xenograft in two weeks of treatment, with absence of residual apoptotic cancer cell debris; this is consistent with efferocytosis. The molecular basis for efferocytosis linked to tetrac is incompletely understood, but several factors are proposed to play roles. Tetrac-based anticancer agents are pro-apoptotic by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and differential effects on specific gene expression, e.g., downregulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) gene and upregulation of pro-apoptotic chemokine gene, CXCL10. Tetrac also enhances transcription of chemokine CXCR4, which is relevant to macrophage function. Tetrac may locally control the conformation of phagocyte plasma membrane integrin αvβ3; this is a cell surface recognition system for apoptotic debris that contains phagocytosis signals. How tetrac may facilitate the catabolism of the engulfed apoptotic cell debris requires additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Gennadi V. Glinsky
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Paul J. Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Paul J. Davis, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-4917
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Fujioka K, Godugu K, Mousa SA. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of a novel anticancer thyrointegrin αvβ3 antagonist: triazole modified tetraiodothyroacetic acid conjugated to polyethylene glycol (P-bi-TAT). AAPS OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41120-021-00036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
We previously developed a triazole modified tetraiodothyroacetic acid (TAT) conjugated to a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based thyrointegrin αvβ3 antagonist targeted compound, called P-bi-TAT. It exhibited potent anti-angiogenic and anticancer activities in vivo. The objective of the current study is to develop a quantitative bioanalytical method for P-bi-TAT using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and to elucidate pharmacokinetics (PK) and biodistribution of P-bi-TAT in animals. We used in-source collision-induced dissociation (CID) for ionization of P-bi-TAT in the positive mode, followed by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) for quantification. P-bi-TAT was quantified using P-mono-TAT as an internal standard because of its similarity in structure and physicochemical properties to P-bi-TAT. The LOQ for P-bi-TAT was 30 ng/μL and the recovery efficiency was 76% with the developed method. Cmax and AUC results at different doses (1, 3, 10 mg/kg) in rats suggest that P-bi-TAT is dose-dependent within the range administered. Results for Cmax and AUC in monkeys at a low dose (25 mg/kg) were comparable to those in rats. Biodistribution of subcutaneously administered P-bi-TAT in the brain of rats ranged from 7.90 to 88.7 ng/g brain weight, and levels of P-bi-TAT in the brain were dose-dependent. The results suggest that P-bi-TAT is a potential candidate as a molecular-targeted anticancer therapeutic with blood-brain barrier permeability and acceptable PK parameters. Its accumulation in organs, toxicokinetic, and pharmacodynamics needs to be further investigated.
Graphical Abstract
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Sudha T, Godugu K, Darwish NHE, Nazeer T, Mousa SA. Novel Polyethylene Glycol-Conjugated Triazole Derivative with High Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Affinity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Management. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164070. [PMID: 34439224 PMCID: PMC8392871 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for up to one-third of more than 60,000 leukemia cases diagnosed annually in the U.S. Primary AML cells express membrane αvβ3 integrin, which is associated with adverse prognosis and resistance to chemotherapies. A novel anticancer compound Polyethylene glycol-conjugated bi-TriAzole Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (P-bi-TAT) interacts with high affinity (Ki 0.3 nM) and specificity with the thyrointegrin αvβ3. We evaluated P-bi-TAT activities in two different AML models representing monocytic and myelocytic forms of acute leukemia. (2) Methods and Results: The in vivo AML models were established prior to initiation of treatment protocols by grafting human leukemia cells in immunocompromised mice. IVIS imaging scans revealed that leukemic colonies were extensively established throughout the bone marrow, liver, and lung of the untreated animals. In animals treated with P-bi-TAT at daily doses ranging from 1-10 mg/kg, subcutaneously for 2-3 weeks, IVIS imaging scans revealed 95% reduction in bone marrow colonies and leukemic colonies in liver and lung. Also, the leukemic cells were not detected in bone marrow samples of P-bi-TAT-treated animals. The anti-neoplastic effect of P-bi-TAT administration on leukemic cells was associated with marked inhibition of NF-κB activity. We conclude that experimental P-bi-TAT therapy in vivo appears extraordinarily effective against the two forms of human AML models in mice. Because the P-bi-TAT molecular target, thyrointegrin αvβ3, is consistently expressed in many, if not all, clinical AML samples, P-bi-TAT-based therapy seems to have significant clinical potential in treating most AML sub-types. Hence, P-bi-TAT represents a promising targeted therapeutic agent for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangirala Sudha
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (T.S.); (K.G.); (N.H.E.D.)
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (T.S.); (K.G.); (N.H.E.D.)
| | - Noureldien H. E. Darwish
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (T.S.); (K.G.); (N.H.E.D.)
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Tipu Nazeer
- Albany Medical Center, Pathology Department, AMC Hospital, Albany, NY 12208, USA;
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (T.S.); (K.G.); (N.H.E.D.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Sudha T, Rehman MU, Darwish NHE, Coskun MD, Satti JA, Davis PJ, Mousa SA. Nano-Targeting of Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Receptor in Solid Tumors and Impact on Radiosensitization. Radiat Res 2021; 196:375-385. [PMID: 34260732 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00031.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Tetraiodothyroacetic acid is a ligand of thyrointegrin αvβ3, a protein that is highly expressed in various solid tumors and surrounding neovascular regions. Its nano derivative, Nano-diamino-tetrac (NDAT), has anticancer properties in preclinical models, enhances radiosensitivity, and inhibits cancer cell growth in vitro after X-ray irradiation. Using a novel experimental system developed to deliver accurate radiation dose to tumors under sterile conditions, this study establishes NDAT's radiosensitizing effect in SUIT-2 pancreatic cancer and H1299 non-small cell lung carcinoma xenografts in athymic mice for tumor-targeted radiation. In this work, low-melting-point Lipowitz alloy was used to shield normal organs and allow accurate tumor-targeted irradiation. Over a three-week period, mice with SUIT-2 xenografts received daily NDAT treatment at different doses (0, 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg body weight) and tumor-targeted irradiation (1 or 5 Gy). Validation was performed with a test dose of 30 Gy to mice bearing SUIT-2 xenografts and resulted in more than 80% reduction in tumor weight, compared to nonirradiated tumor weight. The results of this work showed that NDAT had a radiosensitizing effect in a dose-dependent manner in decreasing tumor growth and viability. An enhanced anticancer effect of NDAT (1 mg/kg body weight) was observed in mice with H1299 xenografts receiving 5 Gy tumor-targeted irradiation, indicated by decreased tumor weight and increased necrosis, compared to nonirradiated tumors. This technique demonstrated accurate tumor-targeted irradiation with new shielding methodology, and combined with thyrointegrin antagonist NDAT treatment, showed anticancer efficacy in pancreatic cancer and non-small cell lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangirala Sudha
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Mahboob Ur Rehman
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Noureldien H E Darwish
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York.,Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Melis Debreli Coskun
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Jahangir A Satti
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Paul J Davis
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York.,Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York
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14
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Ozen Karakus O, Godugu K, Mousa SA. Discovery of dual targeting PEGylated BG-P 1600-TAT to norepinephrine transporter (NET) and thyrointegrin αvβ3 in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 43:116278. [PMID: 34157571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-drug conjugates are growing in interest as novel anticancer agents for targeted cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to synthesize a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugated anticancer drug for neuroblastoma, which is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and the deadliest tumor of infancy. In our previous studies, we designed and synthesized a dual targeting agent using benzylguanidine (BG) conjugated with the high affinity thyrointegrin αvβ3 antagonist TriAzole Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (TAT) via non-cleavable bonding to PEG400 to make BG-P400-TAT and its derivatives as agents against neuroblastoma. Here, we improved the pharmacodynamic properties and increased the solubility by changing the polymer length to 1600 molecular weight. The TAT group, which acts as an integrin αvβ3 antagonist, and the BG group, which can be taken up by neuroblastoma cells through the norepinephrine transporter (NET) system, are conjugated to PEG1600 to make BG-PEG1600-TAT. The binding affinity of BG-PEG1600-TAT was 40-fold higher to integrin αvβ3 versus BG-P400-TAT and was associated with greater anticancer activities against neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-F1 and SKNAS) implanted in SCID mice along with broad spectrum anti-angiogenesis activities versus the FDA approved anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody Avastin (bevacizumab). In conclusion, our novel dual targeting of NET and αvβ3 receptor antagonist, BG-P1600-TAT demonstrated broad spectrum anti-angiogenesis and anti-cancer activities in suppressing neuroblastoma tumor progression and metastasis. Thus, BG-PEG1600-TAT represents a potential clinical candidate for targeted therapy in neuroblastoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozen Karakus
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States.
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15
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Karakus OO, Godugu K, Fujioka K, Mousa SA. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel bifunctional thyrointegrin antagonists for neuroblastoma. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 42:116250. [PMID: 34118788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-mediated cancer therapy has received much attention in the last few decades. Neuroblastoma and other cancers of the sympathetic nervous system highly express norepinephrine transporter (NET) and cell plasma membrane integrin αvβ3. Dual targeting of the NET and integrin αvβ3 receptors using a Drug-Drug Conjugate (DDC) might provide effective treatment strategy in the fight against neuroblastoma and other neuroendocrine tumors. In this work, we synthesized three dual-targeting BG-P400-TAT derivatives, dI-BG-P400-TAT, dM-BG-P400-TAT, and BG-P400-PAT containing di-iodobenzene, di-methoxybenzene, and piperazine groups, respectively. These derivatives utilize to norepinephrine transporter (NET) and the integrin αvβ3 receptor to simultaneously modulate both targets based on evaluation in a neuroblastoma animal model using the neuroblastoma SK-N-F1 cell line. Among the three synthesized agents, the piperazine substituted BG-P400-PAT exhibited potent integrin αvβ3 antagonism and reduced neuroblastoma tumor growth and cancer cell viability by >90%. In conclusion, BG-P400-PAT and derivatives represent a potential therapeutic approach in the management of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozen Karakus
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
| | - Kazutoshi Fujioka
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States.
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16
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Godugu K, Rajabi M, Mousa SA. Anti-Cancer Activities of Thyrointegrin α vβ 3 Antagonist Mono- and Bis-Triazole Tetraiodothyroacetic Acid Conjugated via Polyethylene Glycols in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2780. [PMID: 34204997 PMCID: PMC8199894 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin αvβ3 receptors are overexpressed in different tumors and their associated neovascularization and hence, represent a potential cancer target. We previously synthesized a high affinity thyrointegrin αvβ3, P4000-bi-TAT (tetrac derivative), with potent anticancer properties. However, the long polydisperse PEG conjugate showed large scaleup and analytical/bioanalytical issues. Hence, in the present study, we synthesized a mono versus bi-triazole tetrac with discrete monodisperse PEG, which provided improvement in scaleup and bioanalysis. In the present study, we compared binding affinity and anticancer activates with a smaller PEG size (P1600-bi-TAT, Compound 2) and the removal of one TAT molecule (P1600-m-TAT, Compound 3) versus P4000-bi-TAT, Compound 1. The results of the selectivity and affinity of TATs showed greater affinity to integrin αvβ3. The xenograft weights and tumor cell viabilities were decreased by >90% at all doses compared to the control (ON Treatment, *** p < 0.001) in cells treated with Compounds 1, 2, and 3 in U87-Luc-treated mice. The in vivo luminescent signals of U87-luc cells reflect the proliferation and distribution of tumor cells in the animals and the maximum intensity corresponding to the maximum tumor cells that the animals could tolerate. We found that the three thyrointegrin αvβ3 antagonists exhibited optimal therapeutic efficacy against U87 or primary glioblastoma cells. Biological studies showed that decreasing the PEG linker size (1600 vs. 4000) or having mono-TAT or bi-TAT had no significant impact on their αvβ3 binding affinity, anti-angiogenesis, or overall anti-cancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaker A. Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12208, USA; (K.G.); (M.R.)
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17
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Schreiber CL, Zhai C, Smith BD. Structural Engineering of Fluorescent Self-Threaded Peptide Probes for Targeted Cell Imaging †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:354-361. [PMID: 33934361 DOI: 10.1111/php.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Squaraine figure-eight (SF8) molecules are a new class of deep-red fluorescent probes that are well suited for fluorescence cell microscopy due to their very high fluorescence brightness and excellent stability. Three homologous SF8 probes, with peptidyl loops that differ by very minor changes in the peptide sequence, were synthesized and assessed for probe uptake by cancer cells. One of probes included the RGD motif that is recognized by many classes of integrin receptors that reside on the surface of the cancer cells, and it permeated the cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. In contrast, cell microscopy showed that there was negligible cell uptake of the two homologous SF8 probes indicating differences in probe targeting capability. The synthetic method allows for easy alteration of the peptide sequence; thus, it is straightforward to develop new classes of peptidyl SF8 probes with loop sequences that target other cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Canjia Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Bradley D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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18
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Hay BA, Godugu K, Darwish NHE, Fujioka K, Sudha T, Karakus OO, Mousa SA. New Thyrointegrin α vβ 3 Antagonist with a Scalable Synthesis, Brain Penetration, and Potent Activity against Glioblastoma Multiforme. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6300-6309. [PMID: 33886292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that the αvβ3 inhibitor P-bi-TAT, a bifunctional version of the thyroid hormone metabolite tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) MW 4000, has excellent efficacy in a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) mouse model. However, bioanalysis problems due to PEG polydispersity and large-scale synthesis issues led to a search for new molecules, culminating in the discovery of fb-PMT, a conjugate of tetrac and monodisperse PEG36, with a lipophilic 4-fluorobenzyl group at the opposite end of the PEG chain. fb-PMT reduces GBM tumor growth and viability by up to 98%, is suitable for large-scale synthesis, and is amenable to bioanalysis using mass spectrometry-based detection. We also showed that changes in lipophilicity at the opposite end of the PEG chain from the active tetrac component affected the proton NMR chemical shift of the tetrac moiety in D20 and brain levels of the compound after subcutaneous dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Hay
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer 12144, New York, United States
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer 12144, New York, United States
| | - Noureldien H E Darwish
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer 12144, New York, United States
| | - Kazutoshi Fujioka
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer 12144, New York, United States
| | - Thangirala Sudha
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer 12144, New York, United States
| | - Ozlem Ozen Karakus
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer 12144, New York, United States
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer 12144, New York, United States
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19
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Mousa SA, Hercbergs A, Lin HY, Keating KA, Davis PJ. Actions of Thyroid Hormones on Thyroid Cancers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:691736. [PMID: 34234745 PMCID: PMC8255668 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.691736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Thyroxine (T4) is the principal ligand of the thyroid hormone analogue receptor on the extracellular domain of integrin αvβ3. The integrin is overexpressed and activated in cancer cells, rapidly dividing endothelial cells, and platelets. The biologic result is that T4 at physiological concentration and without conversion to 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) may stimulate cancer cell proliferation and cancer-relevant angiogenesis and platelet coagulation. Pro-thrombotic activity of T4 on platelets is postulated to support cancer-linked blood clotting and to contribute to tumor cell metastasis. We examine some of these findings as they may relate to cancers of the thyroid. Differentiated thyroid cancer cells respond to physiological levels of T4 with increased proliferation. Thus, the possibility exists that in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas in whom T4 administration and consequent endogenous thyrotropin suppression have failed to arrest the disease, T4 treatment may be stimulating tumor cell proliferation. In vitro studies have shown that tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac), a derivative of T4, acts via the integrin to block T4 support of thyroid cancer and other solid tumor cells. Actions of T4 and tetrac or chemically modified tetrac modulate gene expression in thyroid cancer cells. T4 induces radioresistance via induction of a conformational change in the integrin in various cancer cells, although not yet established in thyroid cancer cells. The thyroid hormone receptor on integrin αvβ3 mediates a number of actions of T4 on differentiated thyroid cancer cells that support the biology of the cancer. Additional studies are required to determine whether T4 acts on thyroid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
| | - Aleck Hercbergs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kelly A. Keating
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
| | - Paul J. Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselear, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Paul J. Davis, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-4917
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20
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Particulate systems for improving therapeutic efficacy of pharmaceuticals against central nervous system-related diseases. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Davis PJ, Mousa SA, Lin HY. Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormone: The Integrin Component. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:319-352. [PMID: 32584192 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular domain of plasma membrane integrin αvβ3 contains a cell surface receptor for thyroid hormone analogues. The receptor is largely expressed and activated in tumor cells and rapidly dividing endothelial cells. The principal ligand for this receptor is l-thyroxine (T4), usually regarded only as a prohormone for 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), the hormone analogue that expresses thyroid hormone in the cell nucleus via nuclear receptors that are unrelated structurally to integrin αvβ3. At the integrin receptor for thyroid hormone, T4 regulates cancer and endothelial cell division, tumor cell defense pathways (such as anti-apoptosis), and angiogenesis and supports metastasis, radioresistance, and chemoresistance. The molecular mechanisms involve signal transduction via mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, differential expression of multiple genes related to the listed cell processes, and regulation of activities of other cell surface proteins, such as vascular growth factor receptors. Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) is derived from T4 and competes with binding of T4 to the integrin. In the absence of T4, tetrac and chemically modified tetrac also have anticancer effects that culminate in altered gene transcription. Tumor xenografts are arrested by unmodified and chemically modified tetrac. The receptor requires further characterization in terms of contributions to nonmalignant cells, such as platelets and phagocytes. The integrin αvβ3 receptor for thyroid hormone offers a large panel of cellular actions that are relevant to cancer biology and that may be regulated by tetrac derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; and Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Karakus OO, Godugu K, Rajabi M, Mousa SA. Dual Targeting of Norepinephrine Transporter (NET) Function and Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Receptors in the Treatment of Neuroblastoma. J Med Chem 2020; 63:7653-7662. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozen Karakus
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer, New York 12144, United States
| | - Kavitha Godugu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer, New York 12144, United States
| | - Mehdi Rajabi
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer, New York 12144, United States
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive (Room 238), Rensselaer, New York 12144, United States
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23
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Sami SA, Darwish NHE, Barile ANM, Mousa SA. Current and Future Molecular Targets for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Therapy. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2020; 21:3. [PMID: 31933183 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-019-0694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) disease prognosis is poor and there is a high risk of chemo-resistant relapse for both young and old patients. Thus, there is a demand for alternative and target-specific drugs to improve the 5-year survival rate. Current treatment mainstays include chemotherapy, or mutation-specific targeting molecules including FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. Efforts to devise new, targeted therapy have included recent advances in methods for high-throughput genomic screening and the availability of computer-assisted techniques for the design of novel agents predicted to specifically inhibit mutant molecules involved in leukemogenesis. Crosstalk between the leukemia cells and the bone marrow microenvironment through cell surface molecules, such as the integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5, might influence drug response and AML progression. This review article focuses on current AML treatment options, new AML targeted therapies, the role of integrins in AML progression, and a potential therapeutic agent-integrin αvβ3 antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheedul A Sami
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Noureldien H E Darwish
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amanda N M Barile
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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