1
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Terracciano R, Liu Y, Varanaraja Z, Godzina M, Yilmaz G, van Hest JCM, Becer CR. Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Thermoresponsive Stomatocytes. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:6050-6059. [PMID: 39146037 PMCID: PMC11388456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The design of biocompatible and biodegradable nanostructures with controlled morphological features remains a predominant challenge in medical research. Stimuli-responsive vesicles offer significant advantages in drug delivery, biomedical applications, and diagnostic techniques. The combination of poly(2-oxazoline)s with biodegradable polymers could provide exceptional biocompatibility properties and be proposed as a versatile platform for the development of new medicines. Therefore, poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) and poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPrOx) possessing a hydroxy terminal group that acts as an initiator for the ring-opening polymerization of d,l-lactide (DLLA) have been utilized in this study. The resulting amphiphilic block polymers were used to create polymersomes, which undergo solvent-dependent reorganization into bowl-shaped vesicles or stomatocytes. By blending PEtOx-b-PDLLA and PiPrOx-b-PDLLA copolymers, a thermoresponsive stomatocyte was generated, where the opening narrowed and irreversibly closed with a slight increase in the temperature. Detailed transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the formation of both closed and fused stomatocytes upon heating the sample above the critical solution temperature of PiPrOx.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuechi Liu
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Zivani Varanaraja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Magdalena Godzina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
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2
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Jin Z, Seong HG, Srivastava S, McGlasson A, Emrick T, Muthukumar M, Russell TP. 3D Printing of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems with Linear and Bottlebrush Polyelectrolytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404382. [PMID: 38616164 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
We formed core-shell-like polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) from an anionic bottlebrush polymer with poly (acrylic acid) side chains with a cationic linear poly (allylamine hydrochloride). By varying the pH, the number of side chains of the polyanionic BB polymers (Nbb), the charge density of the polyelectrolytes, and the salt concentration, the phase separation behavior and salt resistance of the complexes could be tuned by the conformation of the BBs. By combining the linear/bottlebrush polyelectrolyte complexation with all-liquid 3D printing, flow-through tubular constructs were produced that showed selective transport across the PEC membrane comprising the walls of the tubules. These tubular constructs afford a new platform for flow-through delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Jin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Hong-Gyu Seong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Satyam Srivastava
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Alex McGlasson
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Murugappan Muthukumar
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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3
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Gupta A, Yadav K, Yadav A, Ahmad R, Srivastava A, Kumar D, Khan MA, Dwivedi UN. Mannose-specific plant and microbial lectins as antiviral agents: A review. Glycoconj J 2024; 41:1-33. [PMID: 38244136 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Lectins are non-immunological carbohydrate-binding proteins classified on the basis of their structure, origin, and sugar specificity. The binding specificity of such proteins with the surface glycan moiety determines their activity and clinical applications. Thus, lectins hold great potential as diagnostic and drug discovery agents and as novel biopharmaceutical products. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in understanding plant and microbial lectins as therapeutic agents against various viral diseases. Among them, mannose-specific lectins have being proven as promising antiviral agents against a variety of viruses, such as HIV, Influenza, Herpes, Ebola, Hepatitis, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1), Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and most recent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The binding of mannose-binding lectins (MBLs) from plants and microbes to high-mannose containing N-glycans (which may be simple or complex) of glycoproteins found on the surface of viruses has been found to be highly specific and mainly responsible for their antiviral activity. MBLs target various steps in the viral life cycle, including viral attachment, entry and replication. The present review discusses the brief classification and structure of lectins along with antiviral activity of various mannose-specific lectins from plants and microbial sources and their diagnostic and therapeutic applications against viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kusum Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anurag Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, C.P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agriculture University, District-Banaskantha, Gujarat, India
| | - Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti Language University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Amir Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U N Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Becker J, Terracciano R, Yilmaz G, Napier R, Becer CR. Step-Growth Glycopolymers with a Defined Tacticity for Selective Carbohydrate-Lectin Recognition. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1924-1933. [PMID: 36976928 PMCID: PMC10091353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Glycopolymers are potent candidates for biomedical applications by exploiting multivalent carbohydrate-lectin interactions. Owing to their specific recognition capabilities, glycosylated polymers can be utilized for targeted drug delivery to certain cell types bearing the corresponding lectin receptors. A fundamental challenge in glycopolymer research, however, is the specificity of recognition to receptors binding to the same sugar unit (e.g., mannose). Variation of polymer backbone chirality has emerged as an effective method to distinguish between lectins on a molecular level. Herein, we present a facile route toward producing glycopolymers with a defined tacticity based on a step-growth polymerization technique using click chemistry. A set of polymers have been fabricated and further functionalized with mannose moieties to enable lectin binding to receptors relevant to the immune system (mannose-binding lectin, dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin, and dendritic and thymic epithelial cell-205). Surface plasmon resonance spectrometry was employed to determine the kinetic parameters of the step-growth glycopolymers. The results highlight the importance of structural complexity in advancing glycopolymer synthesis, yet multivalency remains a main driving force in lectin recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Becker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | | | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
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5
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Kim J, Cattoz B, Leung AHM, Parish JD, Becer CR. Enabling Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer Polymerization for Brush Copolymers with a Poly(2-oxazoline) Backbone. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jungyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Beatrice Cattoz
- Infineum UK Ltd., Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 6BB, United Kingdom
| | - Alice H. M. Leung
- Infineum UK Ltd., Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 6BB, United Kingdom
| | - James D. Parish
- Infineum UK Ltd., Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX13 6BB, United Kingdom
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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6
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Pan T, Dutta S, Sing CE. Interaction potential for coarse-grained models of bottlebrush polymers. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:014903. [PMID: 34998351 DOI: 10.1063/5.0076507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bottlebrush polymers are a class of highly branched macromolecules that show promise for applications such as self-assembled photonic materials and tunable elastomers. However, computational studies of bottlebrush polymer solutions and melts remain challenging due to the high computational cost involved in explicitly accounting for the presence of side chains. Here, we consider a coarse-grained molecular model of bottlebrush polymers where the side chains are modeled implicitly, with the aim of expediting simulations by accessing longer length and time scales. The key ingredients of this model are the size of a coarse-grained segment and a suitably coarse-grained interaction potential between the non-bonded segments. Prior studies have not focused on developing explicit forms of such potentials, instead, relying on scaling arguments to model non-bonded interactions. Here, we show how to systematically calculate an interaction potential between the coarse-grained segments of bottlebrush from finer grained explicit side chain models using Monte Carlo and Brownian dynamics and then incorporate it into an implicit side chain model. We compare the predictions from our coarse-grained implicit side chain model with those obtained from models with explicit side chains in terms of the potential of mean force, the osmotic second virial coefficient, and the interpenetration function, highlighting the range of applicability and limitations of the coarse-grained representation. Although presented in the context of homopolymer bottlebrushes in athermal solvents, our proposed method can be extended to other solvent conditions as well as to different monomer chemistries. We expect that our implicit side chain model will prove useful for accelerating large-scale simulations of bottlebrush solutions and assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Sarit Dutta
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Charles E Sing
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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7
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Zhao T, Terracciano R, Becker J, Monaco A, Yilmaz G, Becer CR. Hierarchy of Complex Glycomacromolecules: From Controlled Topologies to Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:543-575. [PMID: 34982551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates bearing a distinct complexity use a special code (Glycocode) to communicate with carbohydrate-binding proteins at a high precision to manipulate biological activities in complex biological environments. The level of complexity in carbohydrate-containing macromolecules controls the amount and specificity of information that can be stored in biomacromolecules. Therefore, a better understanding of the glycocode is crucial to open new areas of biomedical applications by controlling or manipulating the interaction between immune cells and pathogens in terms of trafficking and signaling, which would become a powerful tool to prevent infectious diseases. Even though a certain level of progress has been achieved over the past decade, synthetic glycomacromolecules are still lagging far behind naturally existing glycans in terms of complexity and precision because of insufficient and inefficient synthetic techniques. Currently, specific targeting at a cellular level using synthetic glycomacromolecules is still challenging. It is obvious that multidisciplinary collaborations are essential between different specialized disciplines to enhance the carbohydrate receptor-targeting paradigm for new biomedical applications. In this Perspective, recent developments in the synthesis of sophisticated glycomacromolecules are highlighted, and their biological and biomedical applications are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieshuai Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Terracciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Becker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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8
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Hayes G, Drain B, Becer CR. Multiarm Core Cross-Linked Star-Shaped Poly(2-oxazoline)s Using a Bisfunctional 2-Oxazoline Monomer. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Hayes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Ben Drain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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9
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Clauss ZS, Wardzala CL, Schlirf AE, Wright NS, Saini SS, Onoa B, Bustamante C, Kramer JR. Tunable, biodegradable grafting-from glycopolypeptide bottlebrush polymers. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6472. [PMID: 34753949 PMCID: PMC8578664 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26808-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular glycocalyx and extracellular matrix are rich in glycoproteins and proteoglycans that play essential physical and biochemical roles in all life. Synthetic mimics of these natural bottlebrush polymers have wide applications in biomedicine, yet preparation has been challenged by their high grafting and glycosylation densities. Using one-pot dual-catalysis polymerization of glycan-bearing α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides, we report grafting-from glycopolypeptide brushes. The materials are chemically and conformationally tunable where backbone and sidechain lengths were precisely altered, grafting density modulated up to 100%, and glycan density and identity tuned by monomer feed ratios. The glycobrushes are composed entirely of sugars and amino acids, are non-toxic to cells, and are degradable by natural proteases. Inspired by native lipid-anchored proteoglycans, cholesterol-modified glycobrushes were displayed on the surface of live human cells. Our materials overcome long-standing challenges in glycobrush polymer synthesis and offer new opportunities to examine glycan presentation and multivalency from chemically defined scaffolds. Synthetic mimics of glycoproteins and proteoglycans have wide applications in biomedicine, yet preparation has been challenged by their high grafting and glycosylation densities. Here the authors show one-pot dual-catalysis polymerization of glycan-bearing α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides to form glycopolypeptide brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Clauss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA
| | - Casia L Wardzala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA
| | - Austin E Schlirf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA
| | - Nathaniel S Wright
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA
| | - Simranpreet S Saini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA
| | - Bibiana Onoa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Carlos Bustamante
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jessica R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA.
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10
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Pelras T, Loos K. Strategies for the synthesis of sequence-controlled glycopolymers and their potential for advanced applications. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Zielińska A, Szalata M, Gorczyński A, Karczewski J, Eder P, Severino P, Cabeda JM, Souto EB, Słomski R. Cancer Nanopharmaceuticals: Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro/In Vivo Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1896. [PMID: 33920840 PMCID: PMC8071188 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and biopharmaceutical characterization tools play a key role in the assessment of nanopharmaceuticals' potential imaging analysis and for site-specific delivery of anti-cancers to neoplastic cells/tissues. If diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches are combined in one single nanoparticle, a new platform called nanotheragnostics is generated. Several analytical technologies allow us to characterize nanopharmaceuticals and nanoparticles and their properties so that they can be properly used in cancer therapy. This paper describes the role of multifunctional nanoparticles in cancer diagnosis and treatment, describing how nanotheragnostics can be useful in modern chemotherapy, and finally, the challenges associated with the commercialization of nanoparticles for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zielińska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (R.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Echnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marlena Szalata
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (R.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Gorczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Jacek Karczewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Piotr Eder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women & Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
- Biotechnological Postgraduate Program, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), University of Tiradentes (Unit), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil
- Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA 02125, USA
| | - José M. Cabeda
- ESS-FP, Escola Superior de Saúde Fernando Pessoa, Rua Delfim Maia 334, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal;
- FP-ENAS-Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril, 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Echnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CEB–Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (R.S.)
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12
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Saxena S, Kandasubramanian B. Glycopolymers in molecular recognition, biomimicking and glycotechnology: a review. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1900181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shatakshi Saxena
- Centre for Converging Technologies, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Pune, India
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13
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Rahimi M, Charmi G, Matyjaszewski K, Banquy X, Pietrasik J. Recent developments in natural and synthetic polymeric drug delivery systems used for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Acta Biomater 2021; 123:31-50. [PMID: 33444800 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), is a common musculoskeletal disorder that will progressively increase in older populations and is expected to be the most dominant cause of disability in the world population by 2030. The progression of OA is controlled by a multi-factorial pathway that has not been completely elucidated and understood yet. However, over the years, research efforts have provided a significant understanding of some of the processes contributing to the progression of OA. Both cartilage and bone degradation processes induce articular cells to produce inflammatory mediators that produce proinflammatory cytokines that block the synthesis of collagen type II and aggrecan, the major components of cartilage. Systemic administration and intraarticular injection of anti-inflammatory agents are the first-line treatments of OA. However, small anti-inflammatory molecules are rapidly cleared from the joint cavity which limits their therapeutic efficacy. To palliate this strong technological drawback, different types of polymeric materials such as microparticles, nanoparticles, and hydrogels, have been examined as drug carriers for the delivery of therapeutic agents to articular joints. The main purpose of this review is to provide a summary of recent developments in natural and synthetic polymeric drug delivery systems for the delivery of anti-inflammatory agents to arthritic joints. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of the design rules that have been proposed so far for the development of drug carriers used in OA therapy. Overall it is difficult to state clearly which polymeric platform is the most efficient one because many advantages and disadvantages could be pointed to both natural and synthetic formulations. That requires further research in the near future.
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14
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Liu R, Zuo R, Hudalla GA. Harnessing molecular recognition for localized drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 170:238-260. [PMID: 33484737 PMCID: PMC8274479 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A grand challenge in drug delivery is providing the right dose, at the right anatomic location, for the right duration of time to maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing off-target toxicity and other deleterious side-effects. Two general modalities are receiving broad attention for localized drug delivery. In the first, referred to as "targeted accumulation", drugs or drug carriers are engineered to have targeting moieties that promote their accumulation at a specific tissue site from circulation. In the second, referred to as "local anchoring", drugs or drug carriers are inserted directly into the tissue site of interest where they persist for a specified duration of time. This review surveys recent advances in harnessing molecular recognition between proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates to mediate targeted accumulation and local anchoring of drugs and drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Liu
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ran Zuo
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Gregory A Hudalla
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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15
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Wang J, Wang D, Zhang Y, Dong J. Synthesis and Biopharmaceutical Applications of Sugar-Based Polymers: New Advances and Future Prospects. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:963-982. [PMID: 33523642 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The rapid rise in research interest in carbohydrate-based polymers is undoubtedly due to the nontoxic nature of such materials in an in vivo environment and the versatile roles that the polymers can play in cellular functions. Such polymers have served as therapeutic tools for drug delivery, including antigens, proteins, and genes, as well as diagnostic devices. Our focus in the first half of this Review is on synthetic methods based on ring-opening polymerization and enzyme-catalyzed polymerization, along with controlled radical polymerization. In the second half of this Review, sugar-based polymers are discussed on the basis of their remarkable success in competitive receptor binding, as multifunctional nanocarriers of targeting inhibitors for cancer treatment, in genome-editing delivery, in immunotherapy based on endogenous antibody recruitment, and in treatment of respiratory diseases, including influenza A. Particular emphasis is put on the synthesis and biopharmaceutical applications of sugar-based polymers published in the most recent 5 years. A noticeable attribute of carbohydrate-based polymers is that the sugar-receptor interactions can be facilitated by the cooperative effect of multiple sugar units. Their diversified topology and structures will drive the development of new synthetic strategies and bring about important applications, including coronavirus-related drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Yixian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
| | - Jian Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, China
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Monaco A, Drain B, Becer CR. Detailed GPC analysis of poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) with core cross-linked star architecture. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00966d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Core cross-linked star shaped polymers possess unique physical properties that can be utilized as drug transporters for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Monaco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Ben Drain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
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Monaco A, Beyer VP, Napier R, Becer CR. Multi-Arm Star-Shaped Glycopolymers with Precisely Controlled Core Size and Arm Length. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3736-3744. [PMID: 32786531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Star-shaped glycopolymers provide very high binding activities toward lectins. However, a straightforward synthesis method for the preparation of multi-arm glycopolymers in a one-pot approach has been challenging. Herein, we report a rapid synthesis of well-defined multi-arm glycopolymers via Cu(0)-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization in aqueous media. d-Mannose acrylamide has been homo- and copolymerized with NIPAM to provide linear arms and then core cross-linked with a bisacrylamide monomer. Thus, the arm length and core size of multi-arm glycopolymers were tuned. Moreover, the stability of multi-arm glycopolymers was investigated, and degradation reactions under acidic or basic conditions were observed. The binding activities of the obtained multi-arm glycopolymers with mannose-specific human lectins, DC-SIGN and MBL, were investigated via surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Finally, the encapsulation ability of multi-arm glycopolymers was examined using DHA and Saquinavir below and above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of P(NIPAM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Monaco
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Valentin P Beyer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
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Ribeiro JPM, Mendonça PV, Coelho JFJ, Matyjaszewski K, Serra AC. Glycopolymer Brushes by Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: Preparation, Applications, and Future Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1268. [PMID: 32492977 PMCID: PMC7362234 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular surface contains specific proteins, also known as lectins, that are carbohydrates receptors involved in different biological events, such as cell-cell adhesion, cell recognition and cell differentiation. The synthesis of well-defined polymers containing carbohydrate units, known as glycopolymers, by reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) methods allows the development of tailor-made materials with high affinity for lectins because of their multivalent interaction. These polymers are promising candidates for the biomedical field, namely as novel diagnostic disease markers, biosensors, or carriers for tumor-targeted therapy. Although linear glycopolymers are extensively studied for lectin recognition, branched glycopolymeric structures, such as polymer brushes can establish stronger interactions with lectins. This specific glycopolymer topology can be synthesized in a bottlebrush form or grafted to/from surfaces by using RDRP methods, allowing a precise control over molecular weight, grafting density, and brush thickness. Here, the preparation and application of glycopolymer brushes is critically discussed and future research directions on this topic are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. M. Ribeiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.P.M.R.); (J.F.J.C.)
| | - Patrícia V. Mendonça
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.P.M.R.); (J.F.J.C.)
| | - Jorge F. J. Coelho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.P.M.R.); (J.F.J.C.)
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Arménio C. Serra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.P.M.R.); (J.F.J.C.)
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