1
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Helm-Kwasny BK, Bullert A, Wang H, Chimenti MS, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Jing X, Li X, Meyerholz DK, Thorne PS, Lehmler HJ, Ankrum JA, Klingelhutz AJ. Upregulation of fatty acid synthesis genes in the livers of adolescent female rats caused by inhalation exposure to PCB52 (2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 110:104520. [PMID: 39067718 PMCID: PMC11377153 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Elevated airborne PCB levels in older schools are concerning due to their health impacts, including cancer, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), cardiovascular issues, neurodevelopmental diseases, and diabetes. During a four-week inhalation exposure to PCB52, an air pollutant commonly found in school environments, adolescent rats exhibited notable presence of PCB52 and its hydroxylated forms in their livers, alongside changes in gene expression. Female rats exhibited more pronounced changes in gene expression compared to males, particularly in fatty acid synthesis genes regulated by the transcription factor SREBP1. In vitro studies with human liver cells showed that the hydroxylated metabolite of PCB52, 4-OH-PCB52, but not the parent compound, upregulated genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis similar to in vivo exposure. These findings highlight the sex-specific effects of PCB52 exposure on livers, particularly in females, suggesting a potential pathway for increased MASLD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Bullert
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael S Chimenti
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Bioinformatics Division, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Xuefang Jing
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - James A Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Aloysius J Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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2
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Bullert A, Li X, Gautam B, Wang H, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Wang K, Thorne PS, Lehmler HJ. Distribution of 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) Metabolites in Adolescent Rats after Acute Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6105-6116. [PMID: 38547313 PMCID: PMC11008251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Inhalation of PCB-contaminated air is increasingly recognized as a route for PCB exposure. Because limited information about the disposition of PCBs following inhalation exposure is available, this study investigated the disposition of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) and its metabolites in rats following acute, nose-only inhalation of PCB52. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (50-58 days of age, 210 ± 27 g; n = 6) were exposed for 4 h by inhalation to approximately 14 or 23 μg/kg body weight of PCB52 using a nose-only exposure system. Sham animals (n = 6) were exposed to filtered lab air. Based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), PCB52 was present in adipose, brain, intestinal content, lung, liver, and serum. 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl-4-ol (4-OH-PCB52) and one unknown monohydroxylated metabolite were detected in these compartments except for the brain. Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis identified several metabolites, including sulfated, methoxylated, and dechlorinated PCB52 metabolites. These metabolites were primarily found in the liver (7 metabolites), lung (9 metabolites), and serum (9 metabolites) due to the short exposure time. These results demonstrate for the first time that complex mixtures of sulfated, methoxylated, and dechlorinated PCB52 metabolites are formed in adolescent rats following PCB52 inhalation, laying the groundwork for future animal studies of the adverse effects of inhaled PCB52.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda
J. Bullert
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University
of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Binita Gautam
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hui Wang
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kai Wang
- Department
of Biostatistics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Peter S. Thorne
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University
of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University
of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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3
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Miao YS, Wang JY, Zhuang RR, Huo XK, Yi ZC, Sun XN, Yu ZL, Tian XG, Ning J, Feng L, Ma XC, Lv X. A high-affinity fluorescent probe for human uridine-disphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 function monitoring under environmental pollutant exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133439. [PMID: 38218035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Uridine-disphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9), an important detoxification and inactivation enzyme for toxicants, regulates the exposure level of environmental pollutants in the human body and induces various toxicological consequences. However, an effective tool for high-throughput monitoring of UGT1A9 function under exposure to environmental pollutants is still lacking. In this study, 1,3-dichloro-7-hydroxy-9,9-dimethylacridin-2(9H)-one (DDAO) was found to exhibit excellent specificity and high affinity towards human UGT1A9. Remarkable changes in absorption and fluorescence signals after reacting with UGT1A9 were observed, due to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. Importantly, DDAO was successfully applied to monitor the biological functions of UGT1A9 in response to environmental pollutant exposure not only in microsome samples, but also in living cells by using a high-throughput screening method. Meanwhile, the identified pollutants that disturb UGT1A9 functions were found to significantly influence the exposure level and retention time of bisphenol S/bisphenol A in living cells. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibition of UGT1A9 by these pollutant-derived disruptors was elucidated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Collectively, a fluorescent probe to characterize the responses of UGT1A9 towards environmental pollutants was developed, which was beneficial for elucidating the health hazards of environmental pollutants from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Miao
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China; College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jia-Yue Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China; College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Rui-Rui Zhuang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zi-Chang Yi
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Sun
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhen-Long Yu
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiang-Ge Tian
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jing Ning
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137 China.
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Xia Lv
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China; College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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4
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Dong Q, LeFevre GH, Mattes TE. Black Carbon Impacts on Paraburkholderia xenovorans Strain LB400 Cell Enrichment and Activity: Implications toward Lower-Chlorinated Polychlorinated Biphenyls Biodegradation Potential. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:3895-3907. [PMID: 38356175 PMCID: PMC10902836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Volatilization of lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (LC-PCBs) from sediment poses health threats to nearby communities and ecosystems. Biodegradation combined with black carbon (BC) materials is an emerging bioaugmentation approach to remove PCBs from sediment, but development of aerobic biofilms on BC for long-term, sustained LC-PCBs remediation is poorly understood. This work aimed to characterize the cell enrichment and activity of biphenyl- and benzoate-grown Paraburkholderia xenovorans strain LB400 on various BCs. Biphenyl dioxygenase gene (bphA) abundance on four BC types demonstrated corn kernel biochar hosted at least 4 orders of magnitude more attached cells per gram than other feedstocks, and microscopic imaging revealed the attached live cell fraction was >1.5× more on corn kernel biochar than GAC. BC characteristics (i.e., sorption potential, pore size, pH) appear to contribute to cell attachment differences. Reverse transcription qPCR indicated that BC feedstocks significantly influenced bphA expression in attached cells. The bphA transcript-per-gene ratio of attached cells was >10-fold more than suspended cells, confirmed by transcriptomics. RNA-seq also demonstrated significant upregulation of biphenyl and benzoate degradation pathways on attached cells, as well as revealing biofilm formation potential/cell-cell communication pathways. These novel findings demonstrate aerobic PCB-degrading cell abundance and activity could be tuned by adjusting BC feedstocks/attributes to improve LC-PCBs biodegradation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dong
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- IIHR—Hydroscience
and Engineering, University of Iowa, 100 C. Maxwell Stanley Hydraulics
Laboratory, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Gregory H. LeFevre
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- IIHR—Hydroscience
and Engineering, University of Iowa, 100 C. Maxwell Stanley Hydraulics
Laboratory, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Timothy E. Mattes
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- IIHR—Hydroscience
and Engineering, University of Iowa, 100 C. Maxwell Stanley Hydraulics
Laboratory, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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5
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Duffel MW, Lehmler HJ. Complex roles for sulfation in the toxicities of polychlorinated biphenyls. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:92-122. [PMID: 38363552 PMCID: PMC11067068 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2311270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic toxicants derived from legacy pollution sources and their formation as inadvertent byproducts of some current manufacturing processes. Metabolism of PCBs is often a critical component in their toxicity, and relevant metabolic pathways usually include their initial oxidation to form hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs). Subsequent sulfation of OH-PCBs was originally thought to be primarily a means of detoxication; however, there is strong evidence that it may also contribute to toxicities associated with PCBs and OH-PCBs. These contributions include either the direct interaction of PCB sulfates with receptors or their serving as a localized precursor for OH-PCBs. The formation of PCB sulfates is catalyzed by cytosolic sulfotransferases, and, when transported into the serum, these metabolites may be retained, taken up by other tissues, and subjected to hydrolysis catalyzed by intracellular sulfatase(s) to regenerate OH-PCBs. Dynamic cycling between PCB sulfates and OH-PCBs may lead to further metabolic activation of the resulting OH-PCBs. Ultimate toxic endpoints of such processes may include endocrine disruption, neurotoxicities, and many others that are associated with exposures to PCBs and OH-PCBs. This review highlights the current understanding of the complex roles that PCB sulfates can have in the toxicities of PCBs and OH-PCBs and research on the varied mechanisms that control these roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Duffel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
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6
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Wang H, Bullert AJ, Li X, Stevens H, Klingelhutz AJ, Ankrum JA, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Thorne PS, Lehmler HJ. Use of a polymeric implant system to assess the neurotoxicity of subacute exposure to 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4-ol, a human metabolite of PCB 52, in male adolescent rats. Toxicology 2023; 500:153677. [PMID: 37995827 PMCID: PMC10757425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that ubiquitously exist in the environment. PCB exposure has been linked to cancer and multi-system toxicity, including endocrine disruption, immune inhibition, and reproductive and neurotoxicity. 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 52) is one of the most frequently detected congeners in the environment and human blood. The hydroxylated metabolites of PCB 52 may also be neurotoxic, especially for children whose brains are still developing. However, it is challenging to discern the contribution of these metabolites to PCB neurotoxicity because the metabolism of PCB is species-dependent. In this study, we evaluated the subacute neurotoxicity of a human-relevant metabolite, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4-ol (4-52), on male adolescent Sprague Dawley rats, via a novel polymeric implant drug delivery system grafted subcutaneously, at total loading concentrations ranging from 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10% of the implant (w/w) for 28 days. Y-maze, hole board test, open field test, and elevated plus maze were performed on exposure days 24-28 to assess their locomotor activity, and exploratory and anxiety-like behavior. 4-52 and other possible hydroxylated metabolites in serum and vital tissues were quantified using gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Our results demonstrate the sustained release of 4-52 from the polymeric implants into the systemic circulation in serum and tissues. Dihydroxylated and dechlorinated metabolites were detected in serum and tissues, depending on the dose and tissue type. No statistically significant changes were observed in the neurobehavioral tasks across all exposure groups. The results demonstrate that subcutaneous polymeric implants provide a straightforward method to expose rats to phenolic PCB metabolites to study neurotoxic outcomes, e.g., in memory, anxiety, and exploratory behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amanda J Bullert
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hanna Stevens
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - James A Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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7
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Bullert A, Li X, Chunyun Z, Lee K, Pulliam CF, Cagle BS, Doorn JA, Klingelhutz AJ, Robertson LW, Lehmler HJ. Disposition and metabolomic effects of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in female rats following intraperitoneal exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 102:104245. [PMID: 37572994 PMCID: PMC10562985 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The disposition and toxicity of lower chlorinated PCBs (LC-PCBs) with less than five chlorine substituents have received little attention. This study characterizes the distribution and metabolomic effects of PCB 52, an LC-PCB found in indoor and outdoor air, three weeks after intraperitoneal exposure of female Sprague Dawley rats to 0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg BW. PCB 52 exposure did not affect overall body weight. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis identified PCB 52 in all tissues investigated. Hydroxylated, sulfated, and methylated PCB metabolites, identified using GC-MS/MS and nontarget liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (Nt-LCMS), were primarily found in the serum and liver of rats exposed to 100 mg/kg BW. Metabolomic analysis revealed minor effects on L-cysteine, glycine, cytosine, sphingosine, thymine, linoleic acid, orotic acid, L-histidine, and erythrose serum levels. Thus, the metabolism of PCB 52 and its effects on the metabolome must be considered in toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bullert
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Zhang Chunyun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kendra Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Casey F Pulliam
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brianna S Cagle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jonathan A Doorn
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aloysius J Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Larry W Robertson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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8
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Zhou R, Huang C, Bi N, Li L, Li C, Gu X, Song Y, Wang HL. Chronic Pb Exposure Induces Anxiety and Depression-like Behaviors in Mice via Excitatory Neuronal Hyperexcitability in Ventral Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12222-12233. [PMID: 37559393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a widespread neurotoxic pollutant. Pb exposure is associated with mood disorders, with no well-established neural mechanisms elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether excitatory neurons in the dentate gyrus subregion of the ventral hippocampus (vDG) played a key role in Pb-induced anxiety and depression-like behaviors. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 100 ppm Pb starting on day 1 of pregnancy until experiments were performed using the offspring. Behavioral studies suggested that chronic Pb exposure triggered anxiety and depression-like behaviors. A combination of electrophysiological, optogenetic, and immunohistochemistry experiments was conducted. Results showed that Pb exposure resulted in excitatory neuronal hyperexcitability in vDG and that the behavioral deficits caused by Pb exposure could be rescued by inhibition of excitatory neuronal activity. Moreover, it was found that the action potential (AP) threshold of excitatory neurons was decreased by electrophysiological recordings. Our study demonstrates a significant role for excitatory neurons in vDG in Pb-induced anxiety and depression-like behaviors in mice, which is likely a result of decreased AP threshold. These outcomes can serve as an important basis for understanding mechanisms of anxiety and depression under environmental Pb exposure and help in the design of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Chengqing Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Nanxi Bi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Changqing Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaozhen Gu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230000, Anhui, PR China
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9
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Bullert A, Li X, Zhang C, Lee K, Pulliam CF, Cagle BS, Doorn JA, Klingelhutz AJ, Robertson LW, Lehmler HJ. Disposition and Metabolomic Effects of 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl in Female Rats Following Intraperitoneal Exposure. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.19.544952. [PMID: 37609242 PMCID: PMC10441371 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.19.544952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The disposition and toxicity of lower chlorinated PCBs (LC-PCBs) with less than five chlorine substituents have received little attention. This study characterizes the distribution and metabolomic effects of PCB 52, an LC-PCB found in indoor and outdoor air, three weeks after intraperitoneal exposure of female Sprague Dawley rats to 0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg BW. PCB 52 exposure did not affect overall body weight. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis identified PCB 52 in all tissues investigated. Hydroxylated, sulfated, and methylated PCB metabolites, identified using GC-MS/MS and nontarget liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (Nt-LCMS), were primarily found in the serum and liver of rats exposed to 100 mg/kg BW. Metabolomic analysis revealed minor effects on L-cysteine, glycine, cytosine, sphingosine, thymine, linoleic acid, orotic acid, L-histidine, and erythrose serum levels. Thus, the metabolism of PCB 52 and its effects on the metabolome must be considered in toxicity studies. Highlights PCB 52 was present in adipose, brain, liver, and serum 3 weeks after PCB exposureLiver and serum contained hydroxylated, sulfated, and methylated PCB 52 metabolitesMetabolomics analysis revealed minor changes in endogenous serum metabolitesLevels of dopamine and its metabolites in the brain were not affected by PCB 52.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bullert
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kendra Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Casey F. Pulliam
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brianna S. Cagle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Doorn
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aloysius J. Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Larry W. Robertson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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10
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Gourronc FA, Chimenti MS, Lehmler HJ, Ankrum JA, Klingelhutz AJ. Hydroxylation markedly alters how the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener, PCB52, affects gene expression in human preadipocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 89:105568. [PMID: 36804509 PMCID: PMC10081964 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) accumulate in adipose tissue and are linked to obesity and diabetes. The congener, PCB52 (2,2',5,5'-tetrachorobiphenyl), is found at high levels in school air. Hydroxylation of PCB52 to 4-OH-PCB52 (4-hydroxy-2,2',5,5'-tetrachorobiphenyl) may increase its toxicity. To understand PCB52's role in causing adipose dysfunction, we exposed human preadipocytes to PCB52 or 4-OH-PCB52 across a time course and assessed transcript changes using RNAseq. 4-OH-PCB52 caused considerably more changes in the number of differentially expressed genes as compared to PCB52. Both PCB52 and 4-OH-PCB52 upregulated transcript levels of the sulfotransferase SULT1E1 at early time points, but cytochrome P450 genes were generally not affected. A set of genes known to be transcriptionally regulated by PPARα were consistently downregulated by PCB52 at all time points. In contrast, 4-OH-PCB52 affected a variety of pathways, including those involving cytokine responses, hormone responses, focal adhesion, Hippo, and Wnt signaling. Sets of genes known to be transcriptionally regulated by IL17A or parathyroid hormone (PTH) were found to be consistently downregulated by 4-OH-PCB52. Most of the genes affected by PCB52 and 4-OH-PCB52 were different and, of those that were the same, many were changed in an opposite direction. These studies provide insight into how PCB52 or its metabolites may cause adipose dysfunction to cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael S Chimenti
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Bioinformatics Division, University of Iowa, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, United States
| | - James A Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, United States; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, United States
| | - Aloysius J Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, United States; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, United States.
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11
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Behan-Bush R, Liszewski JN, Schrodt MV, Vats B, Li X, Lehmler HJ, Klingelhutz AJ, Ankrum JA. Toxicity Impacts on Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Acutely Exposed to Aroclor and Non-Aroclor Mixtures of Polychlorinated Biphenyl. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:1731-1742. [PMID: 36651682 PMCID: PMC9893815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) accumulates in adipose where it may impact the growth and function of cells within the tissue. This is particularly concerning during adolescence when adipocytes expand rapidly. Herein, we sought to understand how exposure to PCB mixtures found in U.S. schools affects human adipose mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) health and function. We investigated how exposure to Aroclor 1016 and Aroclor 1254, as well as a newly characterized non-Aroclor mixture that resembles the PCB profile found in cabinets, Cabinet Mixture, affects adipose MSC growth, viability, and function in vitro. We found that exposure to all three mixtures resulted in two distinct types of toxicity. At PCB concentrations >20 μM, the majority of MSCs die, while at 1-10 μM, MSCs remained viable but display numerous alterations to their phenotype. At these sublethal concentrations, the MSC rate of expansion slowed and morphology changed. Further assessment revealed that PCB-exposed MSCs had impaired adipogenesis and a modest decrease in immunosuppressive capabilities. Thus, exposure to PCB mixtures found in schools negatively impacts the health and function of adipose MSCs. This work has implications for human health due to MSCs' role in supporting the growth and maintenance of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley
M. Behan-Bush
- Roy
J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Fraternal
Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jesse N. Liszewski
- Roy
J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Fraternal
Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Michael V. Schrodt
- Roy
J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Fraternal
Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Bhavya Vats
- Roy
J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Aloysius J. Klingelhutz
- Fraternal
Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, University
of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - James A. Ankrum
- Roy
J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Fraternal
Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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12
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Nabi M, Tabassum N. Role of Environmental Toxicants on Neurodegenerative Disorders. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:837579. [PMID: 35647576 PMCID: PMC9131020 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.837579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration leads to the loss of structural and functioning components of neurons over time. Various studies have related neurodegeneration to a number of degenerative disorders. Neurological repercussions of neurodegeneration can have severe impacts on the physical and mental health of patients. In the recent past, various neurodegenerative ailments such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s illnesses have received global consideration owing to their global occurrence. Environmental attributes have been regarded as the main contributors to neural dysfunction-related disorders. The majority of neurological diseases are mainly related to prenatal and postnatal exposure to industrially produced environmental toxins. Some neurotoxic metals, like lead (Pb), aluminium (Al), Mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As), and also pesticides and metal-based nanoparticles, have been implicated in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. The contaminants are known for their ability to produce senile or amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are the key features of these neurological dysfunctions. Besides, solvent exposure is also a significant contributor to neurological diseases. This study recapitulates the role of environmental neurotoxins on neurodegeneration with special emphasis on major neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masarat Nabi
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Masarat Nabi, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6498; Nahida Tabassum,
| | - Nahida Tabassum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Masarat Nabi, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6498; Nahida Tabassum,
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