1
|
Xu Z, Wang S, Chen Y, Xu H, Wang Y, Huang W, Song X. Superior nitrate and chromium reduction synergistically driven by multiple electron donors: Performance and the related biochemical mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124507. [PMID: 38968984 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate and Cr(VI) are the typical and prevalent co-contaminants in the groundwater, how to synchronously and effectively diminish them has received growing attention. The most problem that currently limits the nitrate and Cr(VI) reduction technology for groundwater remediation is with emphasis on exploring the optimal electron donors. This study investigated the feasibility of utilizing the synergistical effect of inorganic electron donors (pyrite, sulfur) and inherently limited organics to promote synchronous nitrate and Cr(VI) removal, which meets the requirement of naturally low-carbon and eco-friendly technologies. The NO3--N and Cr(VI) removal efficiencies in the pyrite and sulfur involved mixotrophic biofilter (PS-BF: approximately 90.8 ± 0.6% and 99.1 ± 2.1%) were substantially higher than that in a volcanic rock supported biofilter (V-BF: about 49.6% ± 2.8% and 50.0% ± 9.3%), which was consistent with the spatial variations of their concentrations. Abiotic and biotic batch tests directly confirmed the decisive role of pyrite and sulfur for NO3--N and Cr(VI) removal via chemical and microbial pathways. A server decline in sulfate production correlated with decreasing COD consumption revealed that there was sulfur disproportionation induced by limited organics. Metagenomic analysis suggested that chemoautotrophic microbes like Sulfuritalea and Thiobacillus were key players responsible for sulfur oxidation, nitrate and Cr(VI) reduction. The metabolic pathway analysis suggested that genes encoding functional enzymes related to complete denitrification, S oxidation, and dissimilatory sulfate reduction were upregulated, however, genes encoding Cr(VI) reduction enzymes (e.g. chrA, chrR, nemA, and azoR) were downregulated in PS-BF, which further explained the synergistical effect of multiple electron donors. These findings provide insights into their potential cooperative interaction of multiple electron donors on greatly promoting nitrate and Cr(VI) removal and have implications for the remediation technology of nitrate and Cr(VI) co-contaminated groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshuo Xu
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai, 201600, China.
| | - Shihao Wang
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yinnan Chen
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Xinshan Song
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai, 201600, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang K, Mao K, Xue J, Chen Z, Du W, Zhang H. Characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater at a typical smelter-contaminated site in Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124401. [PMID: 38906401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
To explore the characteristics and evaluate the risk of heavy metals in groundwater at a typical smelter-contaminated site, this study focuses on a representative a historical arsenic smelting plant in Southwest China, where the primary historical products were metallic arsenic (∼1000 tons/year) and arsenic trioxide (∼2000 ton/year). The results demonstrated As and Pb as the main pollutants in soil, and As and Cd as main pollutants in groundwater through soil profiling and quarterly groundwater analysis. The maximum As and Pb in the surface soil were 76800 and 2290 mg/kg, respectively, with As vertically infiltrating the deep gravel-sand layer (18-20 m). The groundwater pollution distribution progressively increased along flow direction, influenced by seasonal surface runoff and infiltration fluctuations. The groundwater pollutant concentrations during the dry season notably surpassed those during the wet season, with maximum As and Cd concentrations of 111.64 mg/L and 19.85 μg/L during the dry season, respectively. Furthermore, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to evaluate the comprehensive risk of contaminated-site across pollution source load, regional groundwater intrinsic vulnerability, and evaluation of nearby sensitive receptors. The results revealed that the carcinogenic risk of lead in surface soil was moderate to high, while arsenic posed a high carcinogenic risk, contributing to an overall carcinogenic risk proportion of 89.6% in surface soil. Exposure through groundwater intake was identified as the primary pathway, with carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks exceeding those through skin contact. The final weights result demonstrated that the principal risk factors are the intrinsic arsenic load and protective target characteristics of regional groundwater at this site. This study provides a reference for comprehensive assessments of similarly contaminated industrial and smelting sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuankuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
| | - Jiaqi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Wei Du
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang M, Yu D, Yu Y, Yan R, Li Y, Gong W, Xiao K, Li S, Chen N. Drought reduces nitrogen supply and N 2O emission in coastal bays. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 266:122362. [PMID: 39278117 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Severe droughts are increasingly prevalent under global climate change, disrupting watershed hydrology and coastal nitrogen cycling. However, the specific effects of drought on nitrogen transport from land to sea and subsequent nitrogen dynamics remain inadequately understood. In this study, we evaluated the consequences of the 2020-2022 drought on nitrogen supply and N2O emissions in Xiamen Bay, Southeast China. The results showed that drought significantly reduced annual NH4N, NO2N, and NO3N concentrations in Xiamen Bay by 49.4 %, 32.1 %, and 40.3 %, respectively, compared with the pre-drought year of 2019. The decline in NH4N concentration was mainly attributed to reduced surface runoff across all seasons. NO3N and NO2N concentrations declined only during spring and summer, primarily due to increased potential evapotranspiration (PET) hindering nitrogen supply via groundwater and concurrently enhancing land denitrification. Annual N2O emission from Xiamen Bay decreased by 40.0∼72.7 % during the drought, highly correlated with the decline in the concentrations of NO3N, DIN, and DTN (p < 0.001). Comparative analysis revealed that NO3N concentration exhibited consistent negative linear regressions with PET and declined as evaporative demand drought conditions worsened across Xiamen Bay, Sansha Bay, and Chesapeake Bay throughout 2010-2022. NH4N concentration showed a positive regression with river discharge in Xiamen Bay, but negative regressions in the other two bays. Our results indicates that drought reduces N2O emission primarily driven by nitrate substrate reduction in the bay. This study provides new insights for predicting coastal nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions under global environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yiqi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ruifeng Yan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yasong Li
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Weijie Gong
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
| | - Kai Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nengwang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang H, Zhu Y, Lu Y, Bu X, Zhu Q, Yuan S. Reduction capacity in the transmissive zones fueled by the embedded low-permeability lenses: Implications for contaminant transformation in heterogeneous aquifers. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121955. [PMID: 38909424 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Redox conditions play a decisive role in regulating contaminant and nutrient transformation in groundwater. Here we quantitatively described and interpreted the temporal and spatial variations of aquifer reduction capacity formation in lens-embedded heterogeneous aquifers in 1-D columns. Experimental results indicated that the aquifer reduction capacity exported from the low-permeability lens permeated into the downstream sandy zones, where it subsequently accumulated and extended. Reactive transport modeling suggested that reduction capacity within the lens preferentially diffused to the transmissive zones around the lens-sand interface, and was then transported via convection to downstream transmissive zones. A low-permeability lens of the same volume, but more elongated in the flow direction, led to less concentrated reduction capacity but extended further downgradient from the lens. The increased flow velocity attenuated the maintenance of aquifer reduction capacity by enhancing mixing and diluting processes in the transmissive zones. The reduction zones formed downstream from the low-permeability lens were hotpots for resisting the oxidative perturbation by O2. This study highlights the important role of low-permeability lenses as large and long-term electron pools for the transmissive zones, and thus providing aquifer reduction capacity for contaminant transformation and remediation in heterogeneous aquifers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, No. 68 Jincheng Street, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan, 430078, PR China
| | - Yonghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, No. 68 Jincheng Street, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430078, PR China
| | - Yuxi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, No. 68 Jincheng Street, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430078, PR China
| | - Xiaochuang Bu
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Qi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, No. 68 Jincheng Street, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430078, PR China
| | - Songhu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, No. 68 Jincheng Street, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430078, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, No. 68 Jincheng Street, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan, 430078, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang L, Gao W, Lu Y, Tabelin CB, Liu J, Li H, Yang W, Tang C, Feng X, Jiang J, Xue S. The formation of multi-metal(loid)s contaminated groundwater at smelting site: Critical role of natural colloids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134408. [PMID: 38678716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and migration of colloids at smelting sites are crucial for the formation of multi-metal(loid)s pollution in groundwater. In this study, the behavior of natural colloids (1 nm-0.45 µm) at an abandoned smelting site was investigated by analyzing groundwater samples filtered through progressively decreasing pore sizes. Smelting activities in this site had negatively impacted the groundwater quality, leading to elevated concentrations of zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd). The results showed that heavy metal(loid)-bearing colloids were ubiquitous in the groundwater with the larger colloidal fractions (∼75 -450 nm) containing higher abundances of pollutants. It was also observed that the predominant colloids consisted of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH), sphalerite, kaolinite, and hematite. By employing multiple analytical techniques, including leaching experiments, soil colloid characterization, and Pb stable isotope measurements, the origin of groundwater colloids was successfully traced to the topsoil colloids. Most notably, our findings highlighted the increased risk of heavy metal(loid)s migration from polluted soils into adjacent sites through the groundwater because of colloid-mediated transport of contaminants. This field-scale investigation provides valuable insights into the geochemical processes governing heavy metal(loid) behavior as well as offering pollution remediation strategies specifically tailored for contaminated groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Yongping Lu
- China Railway Seventh Bureau Group Nanjing Engineering Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Carlito Baltazar Tabelin
- Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology, College of Engineering, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- China Railway Seventh Bureau Group Nanjing Engineering Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Weichun Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Chongjian Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Xiang Feng
- Henan Academy of Geology, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xue J, Deng Y, Pi K, Fu QL, Du Y, Xu Y, Yuan X, Fan R, Xie X, Shi J, Wang Y. Enrichment of Geogenic Organoiodine Compounds in Alluvial-Lacustrine Aquifers: Molecular Constraints by Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5932-5941. [PMID: 38502530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Organoiodine compounds (OICs) are the dominant iodine species in groundwater systems. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the geochemical formation of geogenic OICs-contaminated groundwater remain unclear. Based upon multitarget field monitoring in combination with ultrahigh-resolution molecular characterization of organic components for alluvial-lacustrine aquifers, we identified a total of 939 OICs in groundwater under reducing and circumneutral pH conditions. In comparison to those in water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) in sediments, the OICs in dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater typically contain fewer polycyclic aromatics and polyphenol compounds but more highly unsaturated compounds. Consequently, there were two major sources of geogenic OICs in groundwater: the migration of the OICs from aquifer sediments and abiotic reduction of iodate coupled with DOM iodination under reducing conditions. DOM iodination occurs primarily through the incorporation of reactive iodine that is generated by iodate reduction into highly unsaturated compounds, preferably containing hydrophilic functional groups as binding sites. It leads to elevation of the concentration of the OICs up to 183 μg/L in groundwater. This research provides new insights into the constraints of DOM molecular composition on the mobilization and enrichment of OICs in alluvial-lacustrine aquifers and thus improves our understanding of the genesis of geogenic iodine-contaminated groundwater systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangkai Xue
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Yamin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Kunfu Pi
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Qing-Long Fu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Yao Du
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Yuxiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Xiaofang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Ruiyu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Xianjun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430078, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu S, Liu Y, Wei L, Luo D, Wu Q, Huang X, Xiao T. Recent advances in clay minerals for groundwater pollution control and remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24724-24744. [PMID: 38503955 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Clay minerals are abundant on Earth and have been crucial to the advancement of human civilization. The ability of clay minerals to absorb chemicals is frequently utilized to remove hazardous compounds from aquatic environments. Moreover, clay-based adsorbent products are both environmentally acceptable and affordable. This study provides an overview of advances in clay minerals in the field of groundwater remediation and related predictions. The existing literature was examined using data and information aggregation approaches. Keyword clustering analysis of the relevant literature revealed that clay minerals are associated with groundwater utilization and soil pollution remediation. Principal component analysis was used to assess the relationships among clay mineral modification methods, pollutant properties, and the Langmuir adsorption capacity (Qmax). The results demonstrated that pollutant properties affect the Qmax of pollutants adsorbed by clay minerals. Systematic cluster analysis was utilized to classify the collected data and investigate the relationships. The pollution adsorption mechanism of the unique structure of clay minerals was investigated based on the characterization results. Modified clay minerals exhibited changes in surface functional groups, internal structure, and pHpzc. This review provides a summary of recent clay-based materials and their applications in groundwater remediation, as well as discussions of their challenges and future prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center On Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lezhang Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center On Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dinggui Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qihang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuexia Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yin Y, Chang J, Li H, Li X, Wan J, Wang Y, Zhang W. Selective formation of high-valent iron in Fenton-like system for emerging contaminants degradation under near-neutral and high-salt conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133101. [PMID: 38042006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
In view of the near-neutral and high-salt conditions, the Fenton technology with hydroxyl radicals (HO•) as the main reactive species is difficult to satisfy the removal of trace emerging contaminants (ECs) in pharmaceutical sewage. Here, a layered double hydroxide FeZn-LDH was prepared, and the selective formation of ≡Fe(IV)=O in Fenton-like system was accomplished by the chemical environment regulation of the iron sites and the pH control of the microregion. The introduced zinc can increase the length of Fe-O bond in the FeZn-LDH shell layer by 0.22 Å compared to that in Fe2O3, which was conducive to the oxygen transfer process between ≡Fe(III) and H2O2, resulting in the ≡Fe(IV)=O formation. Besides, the amphoteric hydroxide Zn(OH)2 can regulate the pH of the FeZn-LDH surface microregion, maintaining reaction pH at around 6.5-7.5, which could avoid the quenching of ≡Fe(IV)=O by H+. On the other hand, owing to the anti-interference of ≡Fe(IV)=O and the near-zero Zeta potential on the FeZn-LDH surface, the trace ECs can also be effectively degraded under high-salt conditions. Consequently, the process of ≡Fe(IV)=O generation in FeZn-LDH system can satisfy the efficient removal of ECs under near-neutral and high-salt conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jingjing Chang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haisong Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junfeng Wan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Meng X, Wang S, Mo Y, Xu W, Liu Y, Shi W. Efficient adsorption of Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ from groundwater by MgO-modified sludge biochar in single and binary systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:9237-9250. [PMID: 38191722 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
In this study, MgO-modified sludge biochar (1MBC) prepared from sewage sludge was successfully used as an efficient adsorbent to remove heavy metals from groundwater. The adsorption performance and mechanism of 1MBC on Cu2+ and Cd2+ were investigated in single and binary systems, and the contribution of different mechanisms was quantified. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms analysis revealed that the adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Cd2+ by 1MBC followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model in both systems, indicating that Cu2+ and Cd2+ were mainly controlled by chemisorption, and their theoretical maximum adsorption capacities were 240.36 and 219.06 mg·g-1, respectively. The results of the binary system showed that due to the competitive adsorption, the adsorption capacity of 1MBC for both heavy metals was lower than that of the single system, and the selective adsorption of Cu2+ was higher. The influencing variable experiments revealed that the adsorption of Cu2+ and Cd2+ by 1MBC had a wide pH adaption range and strong anti-interference ability to coexisting organics and ions. The adsorption mechanisms involved ion exchange (Cu: 47.39%, Cd: 53.17%), mineral precipitation (Cu: 35.31%, Cd: 24.18%), functional group complexation (Cu: 10.44%, Cd: 14.53%), and other possible mechanisms (Cu: 6.87%, Cd: 8.12%). Furthermore, 1MBC demonstrated excellent regeneration potential after five cycle times. Overall, the results have significant reference value for the practical application of removing heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou Institute of Environmental Science, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xianrong Meng
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou Institute of Environmental Science, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Shanhu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou Institute of Environmental Science, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yuanye Mo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou Institute of Environmental Science, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou Institute of Environmental Science, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Suzhou Yifante Environmental Remediation Co. Ltd., Suzhou, 215100, China
| | - Weilin Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Xu Z, Zhou P, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Simultaneous nitrate and chromium removal mechanism in a pyrite-involved mixotrophic biofilter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:123882-123892. [PMID: 37996574 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Microbially mediated NO3--N and Cr(VI) reduction is being recognized as an eco-friendly and cost-effective remediation strategy. Iron sulfide mineral, as a natural inorganic electron donor, has a strong influence on NO3--N and Cr(VI) transformation, respectively. However, little is known about the simultaneous nitrate and chromium removal performance and underlying mechanism in an iron sulfide mineral-involved mixotrophic biofilter. This study demonstrated that the NO3--N and Cr(VI) removal efficiencies were stable at 62 ± 8% and 56 ± 10%, and most of them were eliminated in the 0-100-mm region of the biofilter. Cr(VI) was reduced to insoluble Cr(III) via microbial and chemical pathways, which was confirmed by the SEM-EDS morphology and the XPS spectra of biofilm and pyrite particles. SO42- was as a main byproduct of pyrite oxidation; however, the bacterial SO42- reduction synchronously occurred, evidenced by the variations of TOC and SO42- concentrations. These results suggested that there were complicated and intertwined biochemical relations between NO3--N/Cr(VI)/SO42-/DO (electron acceptors) and pyrite/organics (electron donors). Further investigation indicated that both the maximal biomass and greatest denitrifiers' relative abundances in microbial sample S1 well explained why the pollutants were removed in the 0-100-mm region. A variety of denitrifiers such as Pseudoxanthomona, Acidovorax, and Simplicispira were enriched, which probably were responsible for both NO3--N and Cr(VI) removal. Our findings advance the understanding of simultaneous nitrate and chromium removal in pyrite-involved mixotrophic systems and facilitate the new strategy development for nitrate and chromium remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haigeng Zhang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongshuo Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China.
| | - Panpan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen D, Hu X, Chen C, Lin D, Xu J. Tailoring Fe 0 Nanoparticles via Lattice Engineering for Environmental Remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17178-17188. [PMID: 37903754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Lattice engineering of nanomaterials holds promise in simultaneously regulating their geometric and electronic effects to promote their performance. However, local microenvironment engineering of Fe0 nanoparticles (nFe0) for efficient and selective environmental remediation is still in its infancy and lacks deep understanding. Here, we present the design principles and characterization techniques of lattice-doped nFe0 from the point of view of microenvironment chemistry at both atomic and elemental levels, revealing their crystalline structure, electronic effects, and physicochemical properties. We summarize the current knowledge about the impacts of doping nonmetal p-block elements, transition-metal d-block elements, and hybrid elements into nFe0 crystals on their local coordination environment, which largely determines their structure-property-activity relationships. The materials' reactivity-selectivity trade-off can be altered via facile and feasible approaches, e.g., controlling doping elements' amounts, types, and speciation. We also discuss the remaining challenges and future outlooks of using lattice-doped nFe0 materials in real applications. This perspective provides an intuitive interpretation for the rational design of lattice-doped nFe0, which is conducive to real practice for efficient and selective environmental remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Du Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chaohuang Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang S, Guo J, Xie Y, Bian R, Wang N, Qi W, Liu H. Distribution, sources, and potential health risks of fluoride, total iodine, and nitrate in rural drinking water sources of North and East China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165561. [PMID: 37474072 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Small-scale water sources serving villages and towns are the main source of drinking water in rural areas. Compared to centralized water sources, rural water sources are less frequently monitored for water quality and have poor post-treatment facilities, making them vulnerable to drinking health risks. To reveal the hydrochemical characteristics, contaminant sources, and health risks in rural water sources, 189 water samples were collected from lakes and reservoirs, rivers, and groundwater in North and East China for major ions, nutrient salts, microelements, and stable isotope analysis. Statistical analysis and isotopic tracing were performed, as well as human health risk assessment. The exceeding threshold rates for fluoride (F-) and nitrate (NO3-) in surface water were 1.8 % and 9.1 %, respectively. For groundwater, the exceeding threshold rates were 20.9 % for F-, 15.7 % for total iodine (TI), and 4.5 % for NO3-. F- and TI were mainly derived from the leaching of fluoride- and iodine-containing minerals by cationic exchange, and NO3- is mainly derived from nitrogen in the soil (31.7-43.9 %), the use of ammonia fertilizers (24.3-36.1 %), and the discharge of manure and sewage (19.4-31.9 %). Nitrogen in the soil can be an important source of nitrate in the aquatic environment, and soils with higher clay content have a greater retention effect on the migration of nitrogen pollutants from the surface to the groundwater. F- in water sources contributes most to human health risks for drinking, followed by NO3- and TI, and a higher proportion of groundwater (37 %) present health risks for drinking than surface water (14 %) for children. Authorities should give high priority to optimizing the choice of water sources and technology for water treatment, and rational measures should be taken to protect water sources from the threats of anthropogenic pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shier Huang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiaxun Guo
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Bian
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weixiao Qi
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiang Z, Qian L, Cui M, Jiang Y, Shi L, Dong Y, Li J, Wang Y. Bacterial Sulfate Reduction Facilitates Iodine Mobilization in the Deep Confined Aquifer of the North China Plain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15277-15287. [PMID: 37751521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial sulfate reduction plays a crucial role in the mobilization of toxic substances in aquifers. However, the role of bacterial sulfate reduction on iodine mobilization in geogenic high-iodine groundwater systems has been unexplored. In this study, the enrichment of groundwater δ34SSO4 (15.56 to 69.31‰) and its significantly positive correlation with iodide and total iodine concentrations in deep groundwater samples of the North China Plain suggested that bacterial sulfate reduction participates in the mobilization of groundwater iodine. Similar significantly positive correlations were further observed between the concentrations of iodide and total iodine and the relative abundance of the dsrB gene by qPCR, as well as the composition and abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) predicted from 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing data. Subsequent batch culture experiments by the SRB Desulfovibrio sp. B304 demonstrated that SRB could facilitate iodine mobilization through the enzyme-driven biotic and sulfide-driven abiotic reduction of iodate to iodide. In addition, the dehalogenation of organoiodine compounds by SRB and the reductive dissolution of iodine-bearing iron minerals by biogenic sulfide could liberate bound or adsorbed iodine into groundwater. The role of bacterial sulfate reduction in iodine mobilization revealed in this study provides new insights into our understanding of iodide enrichment in iodine-rich aquifers worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Jiang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| | - Li Qian
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| | - Mengjie Cui
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yongguang Jiang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| | - Liang Shi
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yiran Dong
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| | - Junxia Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan ,Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tang L, Chen W, Luo X, Zhang G, Feng X, Guo L, Gao W, He J, Zhao G, Jiang J, Xue S. Multi-technological integration in a smelting site: Visualizing pollution characteristics and migration pattern. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132135. [PMID: 37506644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid)s pollution of industrial legacies has become a severe environmental issue worldwide. Linking soil pollution to groundwater contaminant plumes would make invisible pollution features visible across the site, but related studies are lacking and require the convergence of multiple technologies. This study uniformly managed the soil and groundwater data in a 3D visualization model to pellucidly assess the spatial distribution of critical contaminants beyond simple drilling information. The distribution of Pb, Zn, As, and Cd in soil-groundwater system has a strong correlation to historical production, substance type, soil property, and groundwater flow direction. Over 2600 measurements of High-density electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data were used to guarantee the exactness of soil structures. Hydraulic conductivity showed a strongest correlation (R2 = 0.86), yielding a calibrated model to reveal the anisotropic and contaminant transport in the region, with the consequent minimize the drilling tests. This study provides a template for the description of a verifiable scenario of hydrogeological conditions and pollution characteristics at smelting sites, coupled with traditional exploration and non-invasive techniques. The findings highlight the significance of visualizing the internal state of the soil-groundwater system under consideration, thus providing a basis for targeted control measures against site contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Wenwan Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xinghua Luo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Gubin Zhang
- Henan Academy of Geology, Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xiang Feng
- Henan Academy of Geology, Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Lin Guo
- Henan Academy of Geology, Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jin He
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Guizhang Zhao
- College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|