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Chen J, Zhang M, Yuan C, Zhang T, Wu Z, Li T, Chi YR. Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity of Acrylamide Derivatives Containing Trifluoromethylpyridine and Piperazine. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11360-11368. [PMID: 38720533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a series of acrylamide derivatives containing trifluoromethylpyridine or piperazine fragments were rationally designed and synthesized. Subsequently, the in vitro antifungal activities of all of the synthesized compounds were evaluated. The findings revealed that compounds 6b, 6c, and 7e exhibited >80% antifungal activity against Phomopsis sp. (Ps) at the concentration of 50 μg/mL. Furthermore, the EC50 values for compounds 6b, 6c, and 7e against Ps were determined to be 4.49, 6.47, and 8.68 μg/mL, respectively, which were better than the positive control with azoxystrobin (24.83 μg/mL). At the concentration of 200 μg/mL, the protective activity of compound 6b against Ps reached 65%, which was comparable to that of azoxystrobin (60.9%). Comprehensive mechanistic studies, including morphological studies with fluorescence microscopy (FM), cytoplasmic leakage, and enzyme activity assays, indicated that compound 6b disrupts cell membrane integrity and induces the accumulation of defense enzyme activity, thereby inhibiting mycelial growth. Therefore, compound 6b serves as a valuable candidate for the development of novel fungicides for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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Luo B, Wu Y, Ren X, Li H, Li X, Wang G, Wang M, Dong L, Liu M, Zhou W, Qu L. Novel Pyrazole-4-Carboxamide Derivatives Containing Oxime Ether Group as Potential SDHIs to Control Rhizoctonia solani. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:9599-9610. [PMID: 38646697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
In the search for novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides to control Rhizoctonia solani, thirty-five novel pyrazole-4-carboxamides bearing either an oxime ether or an oxime ester group were designed and prepared based on the strategy of molecular hybridization, and their antifungal activities against five plant pathogenic fungi were also investigated. The results indicated that the majority of the compounds containing oxime ether demonstrated outstanding in vitro antifungal activity against R. solani, and some compounds also displayed pronounced antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea. Particularly, compound 5e exhibited the most promising antifungal activity against R. solani with an EC50 value of 0.039 μg/mL, which was about 20-fold better than that of boscalid (EC50 = 0.799 μg/mL) and 4-fold more potent than fluxapyroxad (EC50 = 0.131 μg/mL). Moreover, the results of the detached leaf assay showed that compound 5e could suppress the growth of R. solani in rice leaves with significant protective efficacies (86.8%) at 100 μg/mL, superior to boscalid (68.1%) and fluxapyroxad (80.6%), indicating promising application prospects. In addition, the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzymatic inhibition assay revealed that compound 5e generated remarkable SDH inhibition (IC50 = 2.04 μM), which was obviously more potent than those of boscalid (IC50 = 7.92 μM) and fluxapyroxad (IC50 = 6.15 μM). Furthermore, SEM analysis showed that compound 5e caused a remarkable disruption to the characteristic structure and morphology of R. solani hyphae, resulting in significant damage. The molecular docking analysis demonstrated that compound 5e could fit into the identical binding pocket of SDH through hydrogen bond interactions as well as fluxapyroxad, indicating that they had a similar antifungal mechanism. The density functional theory and electrostatic potential calculations provided useful information regarding electron distribution and electron transfer, which contributed to understanding the structural features and antifungal mechanism of the lead compound. These findings suggested that compound 5e could be a promising candidate for SDHI fungicides to control R. solani, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yuerui Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Xinran Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Huimin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Xuanru Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Gege Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Mengjia Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Luqi Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Mengxing Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Lailiang Qu
- College of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
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Ma YD, Zhou H, Lin GT, Wu KH, Xu G, Liu X, Xu D. Design, Synthesis, and Fungicidal Activities of Novel N-(Pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide Derivatives Containing a Diphenylamine Moiety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6691-6701. [PMID: 38498985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
To accelerate the development of novel fungicides, a variety of N-(pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide derivatives with a diphenylamine moiety were designed and synthesized using a pharmacophore recombination strategy based on the structure of pyrazol-5-yl-aminophenyl-benzamides. The bioassay results demonstrated that most of the target compounds had excellent in vitro antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Valsa mali, and Botrytis cinerea. In particular, compound 5IIIh exhibited remarkable activity against S. sclerotiorum (EC50 = 0.37 mg/L), which was similar to that of fluxapyroxad (EC50 = 0.27 mg/L). In addition, compound 5IIIc (EC50 = 1.32 mg/L) was observed to be more effective against V. mali than fluxapyroxad (EC50 = 12.8 mg/L) and comparable to trifloxystrobin (EC50 = 1.62 mg/L). Furthermore, compound 5IIIh demonstrated remarkable in vivo protective antifungal properties against S. sclerotiorum, with an inhibition rate of 96.8% at 100 mg/L, which was close to that of fluxapyroxad (99.6%). Compounds 5IIIc (66.7%) and 5IIIh (62.9%) exhibited good in vivo antifungal effects against V. mali at 100 mg/L, which were superior to that of fluxapyroxad (11.1%) but lower than that of trifloxystrobin (88.9%). The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzymatic inhibition assay was conducted to confirm the mechanism of action. Molecular docking analysis further revealed that compound 5IIIh has significant hydrogen-bonding, π-π, and p-π conjugation interactions with ARG 43, SER 39, TRP 173, and TYR 58 in the binding site of SDH, and the binding mode was similar to that of the commercial fungicide fluxapyroxad. All of the results suggest that compound 5IIIh could be a potential SDH inhibitor, offering a valuable reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Dan Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Tai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Huan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
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Sun XP, Yu CS, Min LJ, Cantrell CL, Hua X, Sun NB, Liu XH. Discovery of Highly Efficient Novel Antifungal Lead Compounds Targeting Succinate Dehydrogenase: Pyrazole-4-carboxamide Derivatives with an N-Phenyl Substituted Amide Fragment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19312-19323. [PMID: 38018356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Developing environmentally friendly fungicides is crucial to tackle the issue of rising pesticide resistance. In this study, a series of novel pyrazole-4-carboxamide derivatives containing N-phenyl substituted amide fragments were designed and synthesized. The structures of target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS, and the crystal structure of the most active compound N-(1-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)benzamido)phenyl)propan-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (U22) was further determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The bioassay results indicated that the 26 target compounds possessed good in vitro antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with EC50 values for compounds U12, U13, U15, U16, U18, U22, and U23 being 4.17 ± 0.46, 8.04 ± 0.71, 7.01 ± 0.71, 12.77 ± 1.00, 8.11 ± 0.70, 0.94 ± 0.11, and 9.48 ± 0.83 μg·mL-1, respectively, which were the similar to controls bixafen (6.70 ± 0.47 μg·mL-1), fluxapyroxad (0.71 ± 0.14 μg·mL-1), and pydiflumetofen (0.06 ± 0.01 μg·mL-1). Furthermore, in vivo antifungal activity results against S. sclerotiorum indicated that compounds U12 (80.6%) and U22 (89.9%) possessed excellent preventative efficacy at 200 μg·mL-1, which was the same as the control pydiflumetofen (82.4%). Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies found that the compound U22 could destroy the hyphal morphology and damage mitochondria, cell membranes, and vacuoles. The results of molecular docking of compound U22 and pydiflumetofen with succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) indicated they interact well with the active site of SDH. This study validated our approach and design strategy to produce compounds with an enhanced biological activity as compared to the parent structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Peng Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang China
| | - Chen-Sheng Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Li-Jing Min
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Charles L Cantrell
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Xuewen Hua
- College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Na-Bo Sun
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang China
| | - Xing-Hai Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Li Y, Yang H, Ma Y, Cao Y, Xu D, Liu X, Xu G. Discovery of Novel Pyrazol-5-yl-benzamide Derivatives Containing a Thiocyanato Group as Broad-Spectrum Fungicidal Candidates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17700-17712. [PMID: 37939232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to promote the development of new fungicides, a series of 48 novel N-(1-methyl-4-thiocyanato-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-benzamide derivatives A1-A36 and B1-B12 were designed and synthesized by incorporating a thiocyanato group into the pyrazole ring, and their fungicidal activities were evaluated against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Valsa mali, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, and Phytophthora capsici. In the in vitro antifungal/antioomycete assay, many of the target compounds exhibited good broad-spectrum fungicidal activities. Among them, compound A36 displayed the best antifungal activity against V. mali with an EC50 value of 0.37 mg/L, which was significantly higher than that of the positive controls fluxapyroxad (13.3 mg/L) and dimethomorph (10.3 mg/L). Meanwhile, compound B6 exhibited the best antioomycete activity against P. capsici with an EC50 value of 0.41 mg/L, which was higher than that of azoxystrobin (29.2 mg/L) but lower than that of dimethomorph (0.13 mg/L). Notably, compound A27 displayed broad-spectrum inhibitory activities against V. mali, B. cinerea, R. solani, S. sclerotiorum, and P. capsici with respective EC50 values of 0.71, 1.44, 1.78, 0.87, and 1.61 mg/L. The in vivo experiments revealed that compounds A27 and B6 presented excellent protective and curative efficacies against P. capsici, similar to that of the positive control dimethomorph. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that compound B6 could change the mycelial morphology and severely damage the ultrastructure of P. capsici. The results of the in vitro SDH enzymatic inhibition experiments indicated that compounds A27 and B6 could effectively inhibit the activity of P. capsici SDH (PcSDH). Furthermore, molecular docking analysis demonstrated significant hydrogen bonds and Pi-S bonding between the target compounds and the key amino acid residues of PcSDH, which could explain the probable mechanism of action. Collectively, these studies provide a valuable approach to expanding the fungicidal spectrum of pyrazol-5-yl-benzamide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Han Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yidan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Cheng X, Xu Z, Cui H, Zhang Z, Chen W, Wang F, Li S, Liu Q, Wang D, Lv X, Chang X. Discovery of Pyrazole-5-yl-amide Derivatives Containing Cinnamamide Structural Fragments as Potential Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37922127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
To promote the development of novel agricultural succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides, we introduced cinnamamide and nicotinamide structural fragments into the structure of pyrazol-5-yl-amide by carbon chain extension and scaffold hopping, respectively, and synthesized a series of derivatives. The results of the biological activity assays indicated that most of the target compounds exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory activity against the tested fungi. Notably, compounds G22, G28, G34, G38, and G39 exhibited excellent in vitro antifungal activities against Valsa mali with EC50 values of 0.48, 0.86, 0.57, 0.73, and 0.87 mg/L, respectively, and this result was significantly more potent than boscalid (EC50 = 2.80 mg/L) and closer to the specialty control drug tebuconazole (EC50 = 0.30 mg/L). Compounds G22 and G34 also exhibited excellent in vivo protective and curative effects against V. mali at 40 mg/L. The SEM and TEM observations indicated that compounds G22 and G34 may affect normal V. mali mycelial morphology as well as the cellular ultrastructure. Molecular docking analysis results indicated that G22 and boscalid possessed a similar binding mode to that of SDH, and detailed SDH inhibition assays validated the feasibility of the designed compounds as potential SDH inhibitors. Compounds G22 and G3 were selected for theoretical calculations, and the terminal carboxylic acid group of this series of compounds may be a key region influencing the antifungal activity. Furthermore, toxicity tests on Apis mellifera l. revealed that compounds G22 and G34 exhibited low toxicity to A. mellifera l. populations. The above results demonstrated that these series of pyrazole-5-yl-amide derivatives are promising for development as potential low-risk drug-resistance agricultural SDHI fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cheng
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zonghan Xu
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hongyun Cui
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Fanglei Wang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shanlu Li
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qixuan Liu
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xianhai Lv
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xihao Chang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Luo B, Zhang C, Liang S, Zhou W, Hu Y, Li Y, Hu J, Qu L. Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activities of Novel Carboxamides Derivatives Bearing a Chalcone Scaffold as Potential SDHIs. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300958. [PMID: 37492004 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
In search for SDHIs fungicides, twenty-five novel carboxamides containing a chalcone scaffold were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antifungal activities against five pathogenic fungi. The results showed that compound 5 k exhibited outstanding antifungal activity against R. solani with an EC50 value of 0.20 μg/mL, which was much better than that of commercial SDHIs Boscalid (EC50 =0.74 μg/mL). Moreover, compound 5 k also displayed promising antifungal activities against S. sclerotiorum, B. cinerea, and A. alternate (IC50 =2.53-4.06 μg/mL), indicating that 5 k had broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Additionally, in vivo antifungal activities results showed that 5 k could significantly inhibit the growth of R. solani in rice leaves with good protective efficacy (57.78 %) and curative efficacy (58.45 %) at 100 μg/mL, both of which were much better than those of Boscalid, indicating a promising application prospect. Moreover, SEM analysis showed that compound 5 k could remarkably disrupt the typical structure and morphology of R. solani hyphae. Further SDH enzyme inhibition assay and molecular docking study revealed that lead compound 5 k had a similar mechanism of action as commercial SDHI Boscalid. These results indicated that compound 5 k showed potential as a SDHIs fungicide and deserved further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Suya Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Yihan Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Yulin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Jiayi Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Tea Plant Biology Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Lailiang Qu
- College of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
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Zhang C, Zhao C, Zheng H, Li L, Zheng Y, Wu Z. Design, Synthesis, and Study of the Dual Action Mode of Novel N-Thienyl-1,5-disubstituted-4-pyrazole Carboxamides against Nigrospora oryzae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7210-7220. [PMID: 37141153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the single target but extensive application of commercialized succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs), resistance problems have gradually become apparent in recent years. To solve this problem, a series of novel N-thienyl-1,5-disubstituted-1H-4-pyrazole carboxamide derivatives were designed and synthesized in this work based on the active skeleton 5-trifluoromethyl-4-pyrazole carboxamide. The bioassay results indicated that some target compounds exhibited excellent in vitro antifungal activities against the eight phytopathogenic fungi tested. Among them, the EC50 values of T4, T6, and T9 against Nigrospora oryzae were 5.8, 1.9, and 5.5 mg/L, respectively. The in vivo protective and curative activities of 40 mg/L T6 against rice infected with N. oryzae were 81.5% and 43.0%, respectively. Further studies revealed that T6 not only significantly inhibited the growth of N. oryzae mycelia but also effectively hindered spore germination and germ tube elongation. Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence microscopy (FM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) found that T6 could affect the mycelium membrane integrity by increasing cell membrane permeability and causing peroxidation of cellular lipids, and these results were further verified by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The IC50 value of T6 against succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) was 7.2 mg/L, lower than that of the commercialized SDHI penthiopyrad (3.4 mg/L). Further, ATP content detection and the results after docking T6 and penthiopyrad suggested that T6 was a potential SDHI. These studies demonstrated that active compound T6 could both inhibit the activity of SDH and affect the integrity of the cell membrane at the same time via a dual action mode, which is different from the mode of action of penthiopyrad. Thus, this study provides a new idea for a strategy to delay resistance and diversify the structures of SDHIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Cailong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Huanlin Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Longju Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhibing Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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9
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Zhang YH, Yang SS, Zhang Q, Zhang TT, Zhang TY, Zhou BH, Zhou L. Discovery of N-Phenylpropiolamide as a Novel Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Scaffold with Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Activity on Phytopathogenic Fungi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3681-3693. [PMID: 36790098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Based on the structural features of both succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) and targeted covalent inhibitors, a series of N-phenylpropiolamides containing a Michael acceptor moiety were designed to find new antifungal compounds. Nineteen compounds showed potent inhibition activity in vitro on nine species of plant pathogenic fungi. Compounds 9 and 13 showed higher activity on most of the fungi than the standard drug azoxystrobin. Compound 13 could completely inhibit Physalospora piricola infection on apples at 200 μg/mL concentration over 7 days and showed high safety to seed germination and seedling growth of plants at ≤100 μg/mL concentration. The action mechanism showed that 13 is an SDH inhibitor with a median inhibitory concentration, IC50, value of 0.55 μg/mL, comparable with that of the positive drug boscalid. Molecular docking studies revealed that 13 can bind well to the ubiquinone-binding region of SDH by hydrogen bonds and undergoes π-alkyl interaction and π-cation interaction. At the cellular level, 1 as the parent compound could destruct the mycelial structure of P. piricola and partly dissolve the cell wall and/or membrane. Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that the acetenyl group should be a structure determinant for the activity, and the substitution pattern of the phenyl ring can significantly impact the activity. Thus, N-phenylpropiolamide emerged as a novel and promising lead scaffold for the development of new SDHIs for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
- Taizhou Polytechnic College, 8 Tianxing Road, Taizhou, 225300 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian-Yi Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo-Hang Zhou
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710043 Shaanxi, China
| | - Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
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10
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Pan T, Ye J, Li J, Gui K, Li J, Feng J, Ma Z, Lei P, Gao Y. Discovery of Terpene-Derived Quaternary Ring Compounds Containing an Oxime Moiety as Potential Fungicides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3164-3172. [PMID: 36748863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Terpene-derived quaternary ring compounds with an oxime moiety were designed and prepared to create fungicides from natural products. A preliminary assessment of their antifungal activity against seven common pathogenic fungi was conducted, and the median effective concentration (EC50) values against Rhizoctonia solani were obtained. The effects of compound 6a19 (3-bromothiophene-containing), which had an outstanding EC50 value (1.62 μg/mL), on the morphology, ultrastructure, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear morphology, and defense-related and respiration-related enzyme activities of mycelia were evaluated. The test compound was speculated to obstruct the bio-oxidative process, inhibiting mycelial growth. Compound 6a19 exhibited a satisfactory in vivo control effect on leaf sheath-infected rice plants. After treating rice plants with 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL 6a19, the protective and therapeutic efficacy values were 48.3 and 70.3%, 58.6 and 75.7%, and 69.0 and 81.1%, respectively. Moreover, a linear quantitative structure-activity relationship (R2 = 0.932, F = 61.3, and S2 = 0.020) was established using density functional theory calculations. Four chemical descriptors that were crucial to the antifungal activity were analyzed: the number of occupied electronic levels of atoms, the minimum atomic orbital electronic population, maximum net atom charge for a H atom, and minimum net atomic charge. In overall consideration of experimental results, it was speculated that the target compounds satisfactorily inhibited R. solani by interfering with biological oxidation pathways, which provided an insight into the future intensive and systematic action mechanism. This research is promising for the invention of novel fungicides from natural terpenes with multiple potential targets and satisfactory ecological compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingmin Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuhui Ye
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiening Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuo Gui
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntao Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lei
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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11
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Fang H, Chen Z, Liu Y, Zhang T, Chang J, Li Z, Zhang L, Sui J, Ru J, Gu Y, Hua X. Discovery of Aryloxy-, Arylthio-, and Arylamino-Containing Acethydrazides as Fungicidal Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:920-933. [PMID: 36534960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of new green fungicides is an effective way to solve the resistance of agricultural pathogens and plays an important role in promoting high-quality and sustainable development of modern agriculture. In this project, a series of aryloxy-, arylthio-, and arylamino-containing acethydrazide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The fungicidal bioassays indicated that some compounds showed excellent and broad-spectrum fungicidal activity, and the structure-activity relationship was discussed. The in vivo fungicidal activity demonstrated that compounds C4 and D8 exhibited good preventative effects against Fusarium graminearum infecting wheat leaves, of which the preventative activity of compound D8 was almost equal to that of the positive agents. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation revealed that the plasma membrane in the C4-treated F. graminearum hyphal cells was severely contracted and separated with the cell wall, coupling with the visible lysosomes and the disappeared cytoplasm and organelles, which may be the reasons for the shriveled and even ruptured hyphae observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, transcriptomics and metabolomics were performed to further elucidate the fungicidal mechanism. The regulatory networks of differential genes and metabolites in plasma membrane-related sphingolipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, α-linoleic acid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism were constructed and elaborated. Additionally, preliminary investigation of seeding growth suggested that compounds C4 and D8 may have different degrees of influence on the growth indicators of wheat seedlings; however, this effect may be negligible as the plant grows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Fang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Zhanfang Chen
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Zizheng Li
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Lingxiao Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Junkang Sui
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ru
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Ltd., Bracknell RG42 6EY, U.K
| | - Xuewen Hua
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, No. 1, Hu'nan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
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12
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Cheng X, Xu Z, Luo H, Chang X, Lv X. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrazol-5-yl-benzamide Derivatives Containing Oxazole Group as Potential Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13839-13848. [PMID: 36270026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of pyrazol-5-yl-benzamide derivatives containing the oxazole group were designed and synthesized as potential SDH inhibitors. According to the results of the bioassays, most target compounds displayed moderate-to-excellent in vitro antifungal activities against Valsa mali, Sclerotinia scleotiorum, Alternaria alternata, and Botrytis cinerea. Among them, compounds C13, C14, and C16 exhibited more excellently inhibitory activities against S. sclerotiorum than boscalid (EC50 = 0.96 mg/L), with EC50 values of 0.69, 0.26, and 0.95 mg/L, respectively. In vivo experiments on rape leaves and cucumber leaves showed that compounds C13 and C14 exhibited considerable protective effects against S. sclerotiorum than boscalid. SEM analysis indicated that compounds C13 and C14 significantly destroyed the typical structure and morphology of S. scleotiorum hyphae. In the respiratory inhibition effect assays, compounds C13 (28.0%) and C14 (33.9%) exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on the respiration rate of S. sclerotiorum mycelia, which was close to boscalid (30.6%). The results of molecular docking indicated that compounds C13 and C14 could form strong interactions with the key residues TRP O:173, ARG P:43, TYR Q:58, and MET P:43 of the SDH. Furthermore, the antifungal mechanism of these derivatives was demonstrated by the SDH enzymatic inhibition assay. These results demonstrate that compounds C13 and C14 can be developed into novel SDH inhibitors for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cheng
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zonghan Xu
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Huisheng Luo
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xihao Chang
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xianhai Lv
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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