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Zhang L, Yin Y, Jin S. Gut microbial metabolites: The bridge connecting diet and atherosclerosis, and next-generation targets for dietary interventions. Microbiol Res 2025; 292:128037. [PMID: 39752807 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.128037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that gut microbial metabolites are central hubs linking the gut microbiota to atherosclerosis (AS). Gut microbiota enriched with pathobiont bacteria responsible for producing metabolites like trimethylamine N-oxide and phenylacetylglutamine are related to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Furthermore, gut microbiota enriched with bacteria responsible for producing short-chain fatty acids, indole, and its derivatives, such as indole-3-propionic acid, have demonstrated AS-protective effects. This study described AS-related gut microbial composition and how microbial metabolites affect AS. Summary findings revealed gut microbiota and their metabolites-targeted diets could benefit AS treatment. In conclusion, dietary interventions centered on the gut microbiota represent a promising strategy for AS treatment, and understanding diet-microbiota interactions could potentially be devoted to developing novel anti-AS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 39 Lake Road, East Lake Ecological Scenic, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China
| | - Yao Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 39 Lake Road, East Lake Ecological Scenic, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China
| | - Si Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 39 Lake Road, East Lake Ecological Scenic, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China.
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Wang DD, Cui XY, Li XY, Wang CC, Xue CH, Yanagita T, Zhang TT, Wang YM. Lymphatic absorption characteristics of eicosapentaenoic acid -enriched phosphoethanolamine plasmalogen and its gastric and intestinal hydrolysates. Food Chem 2025; 463:141413. [PMID: 39368205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the lymphatic absorption characteristics of gastric hydrolysates and intestinal hydrolysates of eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phosphoethanolamine plasmalogen (EPA-pPE) with focusing on the fate of EPA and vinyl ether bonds in the lymph fluid using lymphatic intubation and lipidomics. The results showed that the EPA peak occurred earlier in the gastric (1.5 h) and intestinal (1 h) hydrolysates than in the EPA-pPE group (3 h) with EPA peak content being 2.03 and 1.46 times higher, suggesting pre-hydrolysis contributed to lymphatic absorption. Further, duodenal injection of gastric hydrolysates sn2 EPA-lysoPE produced higher levels of EPA-LPC, PC, PE, and PG. Meanwhile, intestinal hydrolysates free EPA and sn1 lyso-pPE enriched the sn1 + 2 + 3 TG (20:5_20:5_20:5) and increased the vinyl ether bond-containing lipids, such as PE (18:0p_18:0) and PE (18:0p_20:4). This study provides insight into dietary molecular structures of EPA and plasmalogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Wang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cui
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yue Li
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Wang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Chang-Hu Xue
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Sanya Institute of Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, PR China
| | - Teruyoshi Yanagita
- Laboratory of Nutrition Biochemistry, Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, PR China.
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Sanya Institute of Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, PR China.
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3
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Uche-Anya E, Ha J, Balasubramanian R, Rexrode KM, Chan AT. Metabolomic profiles of incident gallstone disease. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2024; 11:e001417. [PMID: 39209332 PMCID: PMC11367368 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gallstone disease affects ≥40 million people in the USA and accounts for health costs of ≥$4 billion a year. Risk factors such as obesity and metabolic syndrome are well established. However, data are limited on relevant metabolomic alterations that could offer mechanistic and predictive insights into gallstone disease. This study prospectively identifies and externally validates circulating prediagnostic metabolites associated with incident gallstone disease. METHODS Female participants in Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II) who were free of known gallstones (N=9960) were prospectively followed up after baseline metabolomic profiling with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable logistic regression and enrichment analysis were used to identify metabolites and metabolite groups associated with incident gallstone disease at PFDR<0.05. Findings were validated in 1866 female participants in the Women's Health Initiative and a comparative analysis was performed with 2178 male participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. RESULTS After multivariate adjustment for lifestyle and putative risk factors, we identified and externally validated 17 metabolites associated with incident gallstone disease in women-nine triacylglycerols (TAGs) and diacylglycerols (DAGs) were positively associated, while eight plasmalogens and cholesterol ester (CE) were negatively associated. Enrichment analysis in male and female cohorts revealed positive class associations with DAGs, TAGs (≤56 carbon atoms and ≤3 double bonds) and de novo TAG biosynthesis pathways, as well as inverse associations with CEs. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights several metabolites (TAGs, DAGs, plasmalogens and CE) that could be implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of gallstone disease and serve as clinically relevant markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Uche-Anya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jane Ha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Division of Women's Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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4
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Li X, Wang C, Yanagita T, Xue C, Zhang T, Wang Y. Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Aquatic Foods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14498-14520. [PMID: 38885200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a characteristic nonprotein nitrogen compound, is widely present in seafood, which exhibits osmoregulatory effects for marine organisms in vivo and plays an important role in aquaculture and aquatic product preservation. However, much attention has been focused on the negative effect of TMAO since it has recently emerged as a putative promoter of chronic diseases. To get full knowledge and maximize our ability to balance the positive and negative aspects of TMAO, in this review, we comprehensively discuss the TMAO in aquatic products from the aspects of physiological functions for marine organisms, flavor, quality, the conversion of precursors, the influences on human health, and the seafood ingredients interaction consideration. Though the circulating TMAO level is inevitably enhanced after seafood consumption, dietary seafood still exhibits beneficial health effects and may provide nutraceuticals to balance the possible adverse effects of TMAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Li
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Teruyoshi Yanagita
- Laboratory of Nutrition Biochemistry, Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Changhu Xue
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
- Sanya Institute of Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
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Ai J, Tang X, Mao B, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Chen W, Cui S. Gut microbiota: a superior operator for dietary phytochemicals to improve atherosclerosis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38940319 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2369169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence implicates the gut microbiota as a possible key susceptibility factor for atherosclerosis (AS). The employment of dietary phytochemicals that strive to target the gut microbiota has gained scientific support for treating AS. This study conducted a general overview of the links between the gut microbiota and AS, and summarized available evidence that dietary phytochemicals improve AS via manipulating gut microbiota. Then, the microbial metabolism of several dietary phytochemicals was summarized, along with a discussion on the metabolites formed and the biotransformation pathways involving key gut bacteria and enzymes. This study additionally focused on the anti-atherosclerotic potential of representative metabolites from dietary phytochemicals, and investigated their underlying molecular mechanisms. In summary, microbiota-dependent dietary phytochemical therapy is a promising strategy for AS management, and knowledge of "phytochemical-microbiota-biotransformation" may be a breakthrough in the search for novel anti-atherogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Powell TL, Uhlson C, Madi L, Berry KZ, Chassen SS, Jansson T, Ferchaud-Roucher V. Fetal sex differences in placental LCPUFA ether and plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine contents in pregnancies complicated by obesity. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:66. [PMID: 37770949 PMCID: PMC10540428 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported that maternal obesity reduces placental transport capacity for lysophosphatidylcholine-docosahexaenoic acid (LPC-DHA), a preferred form for transfer of DHA (omega 3) to the fetal brain, but only in male fetuses. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC), have either sn-1 ester, ether or vinyl ether (plasmalogen) linkages to primarily unsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and DHA or arachidonic acid (ARA, omega 6) in the sn-2 position. Whether ether and plasmalogen PC and PE metabolism in placenta impacts transfer to the fetus is unexplored. We hypothesized that ether and plasmalogen PC and PE containing DHA and ARA are reduced in maternal-fetal unit in pregnancies complicated by obesity and these differences are dependent on fetal sex. METHODS In maternal, umbilical cord plasma and placentas from obese women (11 female/5 male infants) and normal weight women (9 female/7 male infants), all PC and PE species containing DHA and ARA were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Placental protein expression of enzymes involved in phospholipid synthesis, were determined by immunoblotting. All variables were compared between control vs obese groups and separated by fetal sex, in each sample using the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate adjustment to account for multiple testing. RESULTS Levels of ester PC containing DHA and ARA were profoundly reduced by 60-92% in male placentas of obese mothers, while levels of ether and plasmalogen PE containing DHA and ARA were decreased by 51-84% in female placentas. PLA2G4C abundance was lower in male placentas and LPCAT4 abundance was lower solely in females in obesity. In umbilical cord, levels of ester, ether and plasmalogen PC and PE with DHA were reduced by 43-61% in male, but not female, fetuses of obese mothers. CONCLUSIONS We found a fetal sex effect in placental PE and PC ester, ether and plasmalogen PE and PC containing DHA in response to maternal obesity which appears to reflect an ability of female placentas to adapt to maintain optimal fetal DHA transfer in maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L Powell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charis Uhlson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lana Madi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karin Zemski Berry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephanie S Chassen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Veronique Ferchaud-Roucher
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INRAE UMR 1280 PhAN, CRNH Ouest, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Nantes Université, INRAE, UMR 1280 PhAN, CHU Hôtel Dieu, HNB1, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093, Nantes, France.
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Chaves-Filho AM, Braniff O, Angelova A, Deng Y, Tremblay MÈ. Chronic inflammation, neuroglial dysfunction, and plasmalogen deficiency as a new pathobiological hypothesis addressing the overlap between post-COVID-19 symptoms and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Brain Res Bull 2023; 201:110702. [PMID: 37423295 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
After five waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, it has been recognized that a significant portion of the affected individuals developed long-term debilitating symptoms marked by chronic fatigue, cognitive difficulties ("brain fog"), post-exertional malaise, and autonomic dysfunction. The onset, progression, and clinical presentation of this condition, generically named post-COVID-19 syndrome, overlap significantly with another enigmatic condition, referred to as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Several pathobiological mechanisms have been proposed for ME/CFS, including redox imbalance, systemic and central nervous system inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Chronic inflammation and glial pathological reactivity are common hallmarks of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders and have been consistently associated with reduced central and peripheral levels of plasmalogens, one of the major phospholipid components of cell membranes with several homeostatic functions. Of great interest, recent evidence revealed a significant reduction of plasmalogen contents, biosynthesis, and metabolism in ME/CFS and acute COVID-19, with a strong association to symptom severity and other relevant clinical outcomes. These bioactive lipids have increasingly attracted attention due to their reduced levels representing a common pathophysiological manifestation between several disorders associated with aging and chronic inflammation. However, alterations in plasmalogen levels or their lipidic metabolism have not yet been examined in individuals suffering from post-COVID-19 symptoms. Here, we proposed a pathobiological model for post-COVID-19 and ME/CFS based on their common inflammation and dysfunctional glial reactivity, and highlighted the emerging implications of plasmalogen deficiency in the underlying mechanisms. Along with the promising outcomes of plasmalogen replacement therapy (PRT) for various neurodegenerative/neuropsychiatric disorders, we sought to propose PRT as a simple, effective, and safe strategy for the potential relief of the debilitating symptoms associated with ME/CFS and post-COVID-19 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Braniff
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angelina Angelova
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France
| | - Yuru Deng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada; Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC) and Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health (IALH), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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8
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Yamashita S, Miyazawa T, Higuchi O, Kinoshita M, Miyazawa T. Marine Plasmalogens: A Gift from the Sea with Benefits for Age-Associated Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:6328. [PMID: 37687157 PMCID: PMC10488995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging increases oxidative and inflammatory stress caused by a reduction in metabolism and clearance, thus leading to the development of age-associated diseases. The quality of our daily diet and exercise is important for the prevention of these diseases. Marine resources contain various valuable nutrients, and unique glycerophospholipid plasmalogens are found abundantly in some marine invertebrates, including ascidians. One of the major classes, the ethanolamine class (PlsEtn), exists in a high ratio to phospholipids in the brain and blood, while decreased levels have been reported in patients with age-associated diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Animal studies have shown that the administration of marine PlsEtn prepared from marine invertebrates improved PlsEtn levels in the body and alleviated inflammation. Animal and human studies have reported that marine PlsEtn ameliorates cognitive impairment. In this review, we highlight the biological significance, relationships with age-associated diseases, food functions, and healthcare materials of plasmalogens based on recent knowledge and discuss the contribution of marine plasmalogens to health maintenance in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamashita
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.)
| | - Taiki Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Ohki Higuchi
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.M.); (O.H.)
| | - Mikio Kinoshita
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan; (S.Y.); (M.K.)
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.M.); (O.H.)
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Feng S, Guo L, Wang S, Chen L, Chang H, Hang B, Mao J, Snijders AM, Lu Y, Ding D. Association of Serum Bile Acid and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles with the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2117-2128. [PMID: 37465650 PMCID: PMC10351529 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s411522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We aimed to identify the ability of serum bile acids (BAs) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) profiles to predict the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS We first used univariate and multivariate analysis to compare 15 serum BA and 11 UFA levels in healthy control (HC) group (n = 82), T2DM patients with DR (n = 58) and T2DM patients without DR (n = 60). Forty T2DM patients were considered for validation. Then, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and decision curve analysis were used to assess the diagnostic value and clinical benefit of serum biomarkers alone, clinical variables alone or in combination, and the area under the curve (AUC), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to further assess whether the addition of biomarkers significantly improved the predictive ability of the model. RESULTS Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) of serum BAs and UFAs separated the three cohorts including HC, T2DM patients with or without DR. The difference in serum BA and UFA profiles of T2DM patients with or without DR was mainly manifested in the three metabolites of taurolithocholic acid (TLCA), tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and arachidonic acid (AA). Together, they had an AUC of 0.785 (0.918 for validation cohort) for predicting DR in T2DM patients. After adjusting for numerous confounding factors, TLCA, TUDCA, and AA were independent predictors that differentiated T2DM with or without DR. The results of AUC, IDI, and NRI demonstrated that adding these three biomarkers to a model with clinical variables statistically increased their predictive value and were replicated in our independent validation cohort. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the association of three metabolites, TLCA, TUDCA and AA, with DR and may indicate their potential value in the pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Chang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Bo Hang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Biomaterials, Berkeley-Nanjing Research Center, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Antoine M Snijders
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yibing Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dafa Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Lin X, Zhu X, Xin Y, Zhang P, Xiao Y, He T, Guo H. Intermittent Fasting Alleviates Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Promoting Fecal Bile Acid Excretion in High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet Fed Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200595. [PMID: 37148502 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Intermittent fasting (IF) has a protective role across a wide range of chronic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, but its protection against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is still lacking. This study seeks to investigate how IF alleviates NASH by regulating gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs) composition. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6 mice are fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet for 16 weeks to establish a NASH model. Mice then continued HFHC feeding and are treated with or without every other day fasting for 10 weeks. Hepatic pathology is assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Gut microbiota of the cecum are profiled using 16S rDNA gene sequencing and the levels of BAs in serum, colon contents, and feces are measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results indicate that IF significantly decreases murine body weight, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, ballooning, and lobular inflammation. IF reshapes the gut microbiota, reduces the accumulation of serum BAs, and increases total colonic and fecal BAs. Moreover, IF increases the expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase 1 in liver, but decreases the expressions of both farnesoid-X-receptor and fibroblast growth factor 15 in the ileum. CONCLUSION IF alleviates NASH by regulating bile acid metabolism and promoting fecal bile acid excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Yan Xin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yunjun Xiao
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Taiping He
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
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11
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Xu W, Kong Y, Zhang T, Gong Z, Xiao W. L-Theanine regulates lipid metabolism by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1283-1293. [PMID: 36087337 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND l-Theanine (LTA) is a biologically active ingredient in tea that shows great potential for regulating lipid metabolism. Bile acids (BA), an important end-product of cholesterol catabolism, participate in the regulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. Here, we investigated the effect of LTA on lipid metabolism and the mechanism by which it regulates BA metabolism and gut microbiota. Male BALB/c mice were treated with LTA for 28 days. RESULTS Daily LTA doses of 100 and 300 mg kg-1 d-1 altered the gut microbiota in mice, predominantly by decreasing Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Clostridium and Enterorhabdus microbes associated with bile-salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, thereby decreasing the activity of BSH and increasing the levels of ileum conjugated BA (such as glycocholic acid (GCA) and lithocholic acid), thereby inhibiting the intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) signaling pathway. Inhibition of FXR-FGF15 signaling was accompanied by upregulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) mRNA and protein expression and increased hepatic production of cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, GCA, glycine cholic acid and glycine ursodeoxycholic acid. Meanwhile, increasing hepatic unconjugated BA upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, liver low-density lipoprotein receptor and type B scavenger receptor. Therefore, the serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides decreased. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that LTA regulates lipid metabolism by modulating the gut microbiota and BA metabolism via the FXR-FGF15-CYP7A1 pathway. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, China
| | - Yingying Kong
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihua Gong
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, China
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12
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Zhang Q, Zhang L, Chen C, Li P, Lu B. The gut microbiota-artery axis: A bridge between dietary lipids and atherosclerosis? Prog Lipid Res 2023; 89:101209. [PMID: 36473673 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is one of the major leading global causes of death. Growing evidence has demonstrated that gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites play a pivotal role in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis (AS), now known as GM-artery axis. There are interactions between dietary lipids and GM, which ultimately affect GM and its metabolites. Given these two aspects, the GM-artery axis may play a mediating role between dietary lipids and AS. Diets rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs), industrial trans fatty acids (TFAs), and cholesterol can increase the levels of atherogenic microbes and metabolites, whereas monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), ruminant TFAs, and phytosterols (PS) can increase the levels of antiatherogenic microbes and metabolites. Actually, dietary phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been demonstrated to affect AS via the GM-artery axis. Therefore, that GM-artery axis acts as a communication bridge between dietary lipids and AS. Herein, we will describe the molecular mechanism of GM-artery axis in AS and discuss the complex interactions between dietary lipids and GM. In particular, we will highlight the evidence and potential mechanisms of dietary lipids affecting AS via GM-artery axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjun Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wubhan, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wubhan, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Wang K, Shi J, Gao S, Hong H, Tan Y, Luo Y. Oyster protein hydrolysates alleviated chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation response. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Wang K, Fu Z, Li X, Hong H, Zhan X, Guo X, Luo Y, Tan Y. Whey protein hydrolysate alleviated atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis by regulating lipid metabolism in apoE -/- mice fed a Western diet. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111419. [PMID: 35761665 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) has been proved to possess various biological activities associated with the amelioration of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic and hepatoprotective effects of WPH on apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice fed with a Western diet for 15 weeks. Results revealed that WPH markedly inhibited the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta and steatosis injury in the liver. The serum lipid and inflammation levels were both reduced after WPH supplemented in apoE-/- mice. In addition, WPH inhibited the lipid accumulation in the liver, thereby decreasing the hepatic inflammation level and oxidative stress injury. Mechanism investigation revealed that WPH down-regulated the expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes while up-regulated the expression of cholesterol uptake and excretion genes in the liver. Meanwhile, the de novo lipogenesis was inhibited while the fatty acids β-oxidation was activated in the liver by WPH supplementation. Notably, the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/n-6 PUFA ratio in serum and liver of the WPH-H group were 2.69-fold (p < 0.01) and 3.64-fold (p < 0.01) higher than that of the Model group. Collectively, our results proved WPH possesses potent anti-atherosclerotic and hepatoprotective activities and has the potential to be used as a novel functional ingredient for the management of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zixin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hui Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xin Zhan
- Tianjin Milkyway Import and Export Corp, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- Hebei Dongkang Dairy Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang 052160, China.
| | - Yongkang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuqing Tan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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15
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Yang JY, Zhang TT, Yu ZL, Wang CC, Zhao YC, Wang YM, Xue CH. Taurine Alleviates Trimethylamine N-Oxide-Induced Atherosclerosis by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism in ApoE -/- Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5738-5747. [PMID: 35486890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) widely exists in seafood and is associated with the atherosclerosis progress, but dietary seafood reduced the cardiovascular risk. This intimates that there may be some ingredients in seafood to offset the cardiovascular risk caused by TMAO. Taurine is a marker ingredient in seafood. Thus, this study determined the influences of taurine on TMAO-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice. The results showed that dietary taurine significantly reduced the TMAO-induced atherosclerotic lesion area. Further studies found that taurine increased the hepatic- and serum-conjugated bile acid/unconjugated bile acid ratio via increasing hepatic gene expression of conjugated bile acid synthesis. Meanwhile, taurine changed TMAO-induced abnormal bile acid profiles in the gallbladder. Moreover, taurine increased bile acid deconjugation by enhancing the genera Ruminiclostridium level and increased excretion of fecal neutral sterols. Additionally, taurine attenuated inflammation in the serum and artery. These results indicate that taurine alleviated TMAO-induced atherosclerosis via regulating bile acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yue Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu-Lin Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Cai Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266237, People's Republic of China
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16
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Li Y, Yu Z, Liu Y, Wang T, Liu Y, Bai Z, Ren Y, Ma H, Bao T, Lu H, Wang R, Yang L, Yan N, Yan R, Jia S, Zhang X, Wang H. Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis via Gut Microbiota-Inflammation-Artery Axis in ApoE−/− Mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:830781. [PMID: 35295260 PMCID: PMC8918482 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.830781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is closely associated with abnormally chronic low-grade inflammation and gut dysbiosis. Flaxseed oil (FO) rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are mainly composed of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 omega-3), has been demonstrated to exhibit pleiotropic benefits in chronic metabolic diseases. However, the impact of dietary ALA-rich FO on AS and its associated underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Thus, the present study was designed as two phases to investigate the effects in atherosclerotic Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)−/− mice. In the initial portion, the ApoE−/− mice were randomly allocated to three groups: control group (CON), model group (MOD), and FO-fed model group (MOD/FO) and were treated for 12 weeks. The second phase used antibiotic (AB)-treated ApoE−/− mice were divided into two groups: AB-treated model group (AB/MOD) and FO-fed AB-treated model group (AB/FO). In the results, the dietary ALA-rich FO administration ameliorated atherosclerotic lesion, as well as the parameters of AS (body weights (BWs) and the total bile acids (TBA). Chronic systemic/vascular inflammatory cytokines and in situ macrophages (Mψs) were reduced with FO intervention. In addition, the FO improved the gut integrity and permeability by decreasing the plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, gut dysbiosis and metabolites [short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs)] in AS were modulated after FO treatment. Intriguingly, during an AB-treated condition, a significantly weakened amelioration of FO-treated on AS proposed that the intestinal microbiota contributed to the FO effects. A correlation analysis showed close relationships among gut bacteria, metabolites, and inflammation. Collectively, these results suggested that the dietary ALA-rich FO ameliorated the AS in ApoE−/− mice via the gut microbiota-inflammation-artery axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yajuan Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhixia Bai
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huiyan Ma
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ting Bao
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Haixia Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Libo Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ru Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shaobin Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxia Zhang
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Hao Wang
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17
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Sugimoto K, Hosomi R, Yoshida M, Fukunaga K. Dietary Phospholipids Prepared From Scallop Internal Organs Attenuate the Serum and Liver Cholesterol Contents by Enhancing the Expression of Cholesterol Hydroxylase in the Liver of Mice. Front Nutr 2021; 8:761928. [PMID: 34778346 PMCID: PMC8578998 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.761928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we successfully prepared scallop oil (SCO), which contains high levels of phospholipids (PL) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), one of the most important underutilized fishery resources in Japan. The intake of SCO lowers the serum and liver cholesterol contents in mice; however, whether the fatty acids (FA) composition or PL of SCO exhibits any cholesterol-lowering effect remains unknown. To elucidate whether the cholesterol-lowering function is due to FA composition or PL of SCO, and investigate the cholesterol-lowering mechanism by SCO, in the present study, mice were fed SCO's PL fraction (SCO-PL), triglyceride (TG)-type oil with almost the same FA composition as SCO-PL, called SCO's TG fraction (SCO-TG), soybean oil (SOY-TG), and soybean's PL fraction (SOY-PL). Male C57BL/6J mice (5-week-old) were fed high-fat and cholesterol diets containing 3% (w/w) experimental oils (SOY-TG, SOY-PL, SCO-TG, and SCO-PL) for 28 days. The SCO-PL diet significantly decreased the serum and liver cholesterol contents compared with the SOY-TG diet, but the intake of SOY-PL and SCO-TG did not show this effect. This result indicated that the serum and liver cholesterol-lowering effect observed in the SCO intake group was due to the effect of SCO-PL. The cholesterol-lowering effect of SCO-PL was in part related to the promotion of liver cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression, which is the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis. In contrast, the expression levels of the ileum farnesoid X receptor (Fxr) and fibroblast growth factor 15 (Fgf15), which inhibit the expression of liver CYP7A1, were significantly reduced in the SCO-PL group than the SOY-TG group. From these results, the increase in the liver CYP7A1 expression by dietary SCO-PL was in part through the reduction of the ileum Fxr/Fgf15 regulatory pathway. Therefore, this study showed that SCO-PL may be a health-promoting component as it lowers the serum and liver cholesterol contents by increasing the liver CYP7A1 expression, which is not seen in SOY-PL and SCO-TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryota Hosomi
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Japan
| | - Munehiro Yoshida
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukunaga
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Japan
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18
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Yue H, Cai W, Li Y, Feng X, Dong P, Xue C, Wang J. A Novel Sialoglycopeptide from Gadus morhua Eggs Prevents Liver Fibrosis Induced by CCl 4 via Downregulating FXR/FGF15 and TLR4/TGF-β/Smad Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13093-13101. [PMID: 34714650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis plays a critical role in liver disease progression. A sialoglycopeptide from the Gadus morhua eggs (Gm-SGPP) was identified having a 7000 Da molecular weight with a core pentasaccharide structure and osteogenesis activity. However, whether Gm-SGPP is beneficial to liver fibrosis remains unknown. In this study, mice with liver fibrosis were intraperitoneally injected with 2.5% CCl4 (10 mL/kg) and orally administered with Gm-SGPP (500 mg/kg) for 30 days. Results showed that Gm-SGPP alleviated oxidative liver damage and lipid metabolism disorder and reduced hepatocyte necrosis and lipid droplet accumulation. Notably, we found that Gm-SGPP increased the number and changed the composition of bile acids via increasing cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) expression, which caused inhibition of ileum farnesoid X receptor (FXR) expression and accelerated the cholesterol conversion. Cholesterol accumulation is a risk factor for liver fibrosis. Masson staining showed that Gm-SGPP significantly reduced the degree of collagen deposition. Western blotting further suggested that Gm-SGPP downregulated the key gene of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathway. To our best knowledge, this is the first report that Gm-SGPP prevented liver fibrosis via attenuating cholesterol accumulation. Our present results provide new ideas for the Gadus morhua egg's high-value utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, China
| | - Weizhen Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, China
| | - Yanqi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, China
| | - Ping Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong Province 266237, P.R. China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shangdong 266003, China
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19
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Plasmalogen Replacement Therapy. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110838. [PMID: 34832067 PMCID: PMC8620983 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasmalogens, a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing a vinyl-ether bond, are one of the major components of biological membranes. Changes in plasmalogen content and molecular species have been reported in a variety of pathological conditions ranging from inherited to metabolic and degenerative diseases. Most of these diseases have no treatment, and attempts to develop a therapy have been focusing primarily on protein/nucleic acid molecular targets. However, recent studies have shifted attention to lipids as the basis of a therapeutic strategy. In these pathological conditions, the use of plasmalogen replacement therapy (PRT) has been shown to be a successful way to restore plasmalogen levels as well as to ameliorate the disease phenotype in different clinical settings. Here, the current state of PRT will be reviewed as well as a discussion of future perspectives in PRT. It is proposed that the use of PRT provides a modern and innovative molecular medicine approach aiming at improving health outcomes in different conditions with clinically unmet needs.
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20
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Mao G, Zuo J, Li S, Yang Y, Thring RW, Wu M, Tong H. Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan alleviates diet-induced insulin resistance by inhibiting colon-derived ceramide biosynthesis. Food Funct 2021; 12:8440-8453. [PMID: 34374401 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01272j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan (SFF) is a highly sulfated heteropolysaccharide with various biological activities. As one of the causative factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin resistance has become a global health issue. In this study, we investigated the potential pharmacological mechanisms by which SFF ameliorates insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. SFF significantly enhanced tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA, a conjugated bile acid) levels and inhibited the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling in the colon. SFF administration reduced ceramide levels in both serum and colonic tissue of HFD-fed mice, as well as reduced expression of SPT and CerS genes, which encode enzymes crucial to the biosynthesis of ceramides regulated by FXR signaling. Pearson's analysis showed that the TUDCA level was positively correlated with the gut bacteria Clostridium, and this was further validated in pseudo-germfree mice. Taken together, the results suggested that SFF increased TUDCA levels by remodeling gut microbiota, and TUDCA, a natural FXR antagonist, inhibited the FXR/SHP signaling pathway to reduce colon-derived biosynthesis of ceramide, thereby improving insulin resistance in the diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. This study has provided new insights into the therapeutic potential of S. fusiforme fucoidan in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
- Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Jihui Zuo
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Ronald W Thring
- Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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21
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Lu C, Chen J, Yi C, Han J, Shi Q, Li J, Liu B, Zhou J, Su X. Gut microbiota mediated the protective effects of tuna oil on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:5387-5398. [PMID: 33983361 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00709b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is emerging as a chronic autoimmune disease worldwide. In this study, the beneficial effects of tuna oil (TO) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were investigated. Dietary administration of TO relieved arthritis severity and joint bone erosion, and ameliorated systemic inflammation. Furthermore, TO treatments regulated the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathways in the joint, enhanced osteoblastogenesis biomarkers and suppressed osteoclastogenesis biomarkers, and subsequently re-balanced bone remodeling. Moreover, the impaired intestinal epithelial barrier was repaired after TO treatments, along with gut microbiota modulation. By employing fecal microbiota transplantation, we clarified that the beneficial effects of TO in CIA alleviation were mediated by the modulated gut microbiota. These results indicated that gut microbiota mediated the protective effects of tuna oil on collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. and School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ju Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Congmin Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Jiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. and School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiuyue Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Bing Liu
- Vigor Technology Group, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. and School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. and School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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22
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Xiong F, Zheng Z, Xiao L, Su C, Chen J, Gu X, Tang J, Zhao Y, Luo H, Zha L. Soyasaponin A 2 Alleviates Steatohepatitis Possibly through Regulating Bile Acids and Gut Microbiota in the Methionine and Choline-Deficient (MCD) Diet-induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100067. [PMID: 34047448 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic progressive disease with complex pathogenesis of which the bile acids (BAs) and gut microbiota are involved. Soyasaponins (SS) exhibits many health-promoting effects including hepatoprotection, but its prevention against NASH is unclear. This study aims to investigate the preventive bioactivities of SS monomer (SS-A2 ) against NASH and further clarify its mechanism by targeting the BAs and gut microbiota. METHODS AND RESULTS The methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet-fed male C57BL/6 mice were intervened with obeticholic acid or SS-A2 for 16 weeks. Hepatic pathology is assessed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. BAs in serum, liver, and colon are measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQMS). Gut microbiota in caecum are determined by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. In the MCD diet-induced NASH mice, SS-A2 significantly reduces hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS) scores, and fibrosis, decreases Erysipelotrichaceae (Faecalibaculum) and Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus) and increases Desulfovibrionaceae (Desulfovibrio). Moreover, SS-A2 reduces serum BAs accumulation and promotes fecal BAs excretion. SS-A2 changes the BAs profiles in both liver and serum and specifically increases the taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA) level. Faecalibaculum is negatively correlated with serum THDCA. CONCLUSION SS-A2 alleviates steatohepatitis possibly through regulating BAs and gut microbiota in the MCD diet-induced NASH mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhongdaixi Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Lingyu Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chuhong Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Junbin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfu Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Longying Zha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
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23
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Lu C, Tang S, Han J, Fan S, Huang Y, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Ming T, Li Y, Su X. Apostichopus japonicus Oligopeptide Induced Heterogeneity in the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota and Alleviated Hyperuricemia in a Microbiota-Dependent Manner. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100147. [PMID: 34018696 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aims to investigate the protective effect of Apostichopus japonicus oligopeptide (AJOP) on hyperuricemia, demonstrate the modulation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota, and clarify the underlying microbiota-dependent mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Hyperuricemic mice treated with AJOP and subjected to corresponding fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) are used to observe the beneficial effects of AJOP and microbiota. Gene transcriptions are measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The GIT (stomach, colon, cecum, and feces) microbiota is analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and the short-chain fatty acids are detected using GC-MS. Dietary administration of AJOP significantly alleviates hyperuricemia, regulates uric acid metabolism, inhibites the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB-related signaling pathway, and restores m6A methylation levels. In addition, substantial heterogeneity is observed in GIT microbiota. Furthermore, FMT effectively alleviates hyperuricemia in mice by selectively regulating the corresponding pathways associated with AJOP treatment, indicating that the mechanism underlying the protective effects of AJOP is partly microbiota-dependent. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that AJOP exerts a protective effect on hyperuricemic mice by regulating uric acid metabolism, resulting in substantial heterogeneity among the GIT microbiota, thus mediating the beneficial effects in a microbiota-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Siqing Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Yumeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Tinghong Ming
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Li
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, 169 Qixing South Road, Ningbo, China
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24
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Plasmalogen attenuates the development of hepatic steatosis and cognitive deficit through mechanism involving p75NTR inhibition. Redox Biol 2021; 43:102002. [PMID: 33984602 PMCID: PMC8134739 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the reduction of ethanolamine plasmalogen (PlsEtn) is associated with in Alzheimer's disease and metabolic diseases. However, the mechanistic bases for PlsEtn on the these diseases are not well understood. Plasmalogens are primarily synthesized in the liver and enriched in brain. To this end, the present study sought to investigate the potential role of PlsEtn on steatohepatitis and memory impairments and its underlying mechanism. Here we show that peroxisome dysfunction and impairment of PlsEtn synthesis pathway occurs in both of hippocampus and liver, resulting in the decrease of PlsEtn level in APP/PS1 mice and HFD-fed mice. shGNPAT induced PlsEtn deficiency in hepatocytes induces p75NTR enhancement leading to decreased lipolysis activity, thereby exacerbating steatosis. Moreover, in the brain, PlsEtn administration appears to not only improve steatosis but also prevent Alzheimer's disease through restoration of TrkA/p75NTR balance. Together, our findings reveal a molecular mechanistic insight into the preventive role of plasmalogen modulation against steatosis and memory impairments via p75NTR inhibition. Peroxisome dysfunction and impairment of plasmalogen synthesis pathway resulted in the decrease of plasmalogen level. Plasmalogen deficiency in hepatocytes induces p75NTR enhancement leading to decreased lipolysis activity. Ethanolamine plasmalogen administration improves memory impairments by restoration of TrkA/p75NTR balance. Ethanolamine plasmalogen administration attenuates neurodegeneration and neuronal death, and mitigates oxidative stress.
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25
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Wang F, Zhao C, Yang M, Zhang L, Wei R, Meng K, Bao Y, Zhang L, Zheng J. Four Citrus Flavanones Exert Atherosclerosis Alleviation Effects in ApoE -/- Mice via Different Metabolic and Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5226-5237. [PMID: 33890787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Citrus flavanones have the potential to alleviate atherosclerosis. The metabolism and anti-atherosclerosis signaling pathways of four citrus flavanones (naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, and hesperetin) were compared in ApoE-/- mice. Naringin had the most potent anti-atherogenic effect, followed by hesperidin, naringenin, and hesperetin with reductions of 55.92, 34.98, 42.87, and 24.70% in the atherosclerotic plaque rate compared with the control, respectively. Oral naringin mainly existed in the intestine due to the high water solubility of 7-O-nohesperidoside and alleviated atherosclerosis mainly by enhancing bile acid synthesis in the gut microbiota-FXR/FGF15-CYP7A1 pathway. The other three flavanones mainly alleviated atherosclerosis in the liver after absorption from the intestine. Hesperidin upregulates ABCA1 by 1.8-fold to enhance cholesterol reverse transport, while the aglycones naringenin and hesperetin inhibited cholesterol synthesis via downregulating HMGCR by 2.4- and 2.3-fold, respectively. Hesperetin was more resistant to absorption than naringenin due to the existence of a 4'-methoxyl group and had relatively weak effects on atherosclerosis. The alleviation of atherosclerosis by the four citrus flavanones was tightly related to differences in their in vivo metabolism and signaling pathways. This provides new insights into the anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms of food functional flavanones and guidance for the design of novel, efficient strategies for preventing atherosclerosis based on citrus flavanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chengying Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Minke Yang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rujun Wei
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kun Meng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Bao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinkai Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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26
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Yamashita S, Fujiwara K, Tominaga Y, Nguma E, Takahashi T, Otoki Y, Yamamoto A, Higuchi O, Nakagawa K, Kinoshita M, Miyazawa T. Absorption Kinetics of Ethanolamine Plasmalogen and Its Hydrolysate in Mice. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:263-273. [PMID: 33456005 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanolamine plasmalogen (PlsEtn), a subclass of ethanolamine glycerophospholipid (EtnGpl), has been reported to have many biological and dietary functions. In terms of PlsEtn absorption, some studies have reported that PlsEtn is re-esterized at the sn-2 position using lymph cannulation and the everted jejunal sac model. In this study, we aimed to better understand the uptake kinetics of PlsEtn and increase its absorption. We thus compared the uptake kinetics of PlsEtn with that of the lyso-form, in which the fatty acid at the sn-2 position was hydrolyzed enzymatically. Upon administration of EtnGpl (extracted from oysters or ascidians, 75.4 mol% and 88.4 mol% of PlsEtn ratio, respectively), the plasma PlsEtn species in mice showed the highest levels at 4 or 8 hours after administration. In the contrast, administration of the EtnGpl hydrolysate, which contained lysoEtnGpl and free fatty acids, markedly increased the plasma levels of PlsEtn species at 2 h after administration. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), especially the AUC0-4 h of PlsEtn species, was higher with hydrolysate administration than that with EtnGpl administration. These results indicate that EtnGpl hydrolysis accelerated the absorption and metabolism of PlsEtn. Consequently, using a different experimental approach from that used in previous studies, we reconfirmed that PlsEtn species were absorbed via hydrolysis at the sn-2 position, suggesting that hydrolysis in advance could increase PlsEtn uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamashita
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Kazufumi Fujiwara
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Yuki Tominaga
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Ephantus Nguma
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Takumi Takahashi
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Yurika Otoki
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | | | - Ohki Higuchi
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Mikio Kinoshita
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Platform Promoting Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University
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27
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Lu X, Zhong R, Hu L, Huang L, Chen L, Cheng W, Zheng B, Liang P. DHA-enriched phospholipids from large yellow croaker roe regulate lipid metabolic disorders and gut microbiota imbalance in SD rats with a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2021; 12:4825-4841. [PMID: 33949580 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00747e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Large yellow croaker roe phospholipids (LYCRPLs) have great nutritional value because they are rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA). In previous research, we studied the effect of LYCRPLs on the inhibition of triglyceride accumulation at the cellular level. However, its lipid regulation effect in rats on a high-fat diet and its influence on the gut microbiota has not yet been clarified. In this study, a high-fat diet was used to induce the lipid metabolism disorder in SD rats, and simvastatin, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose LYCRPLs were given by intragastric administration for 8 weeks. The rats' body weight, food intake, organ index, blood biochemical indicators, epididymal fat tissue and liver histopathology were compared and analyzed. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis technology were also used to analyze the diversity of gut microbiota in rats. We found that LYCRPLs can significantly regulate lipid metabolism, and improve the gut microbiota disorder induced in rats by a high-fat diet. These results can lay a foundation for the study of the regulation mechanism of LYCRPLs lipid metabolism, and also provide a theoretical basis for the development of LYCRPLs as functional food additives and excipients with hypolipidemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Lu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China. and College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Rongbin Zhong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Ling Hu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Luyao Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Lijiao Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Wenjian Cheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China. and College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China. and College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, P.R. China
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28
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Ding L, Xu ZJ, Shi HH, Xue CH, Huang QR, Yanagita T, Wang YM, Zhang TT. Sterol sulfate alleviates atherosclerosis via mediating hepatic cholesterol metabolism in ApoE -/- mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:4887-4896. [PMID: 33977967 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03266b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Compared with terrestrial organisms, the sterols in sea cucumber exhibit a sulfate group at the C-3 position. Our previous study demonstrated that dietary sterol sulfate was superior to phytosterol in alleviating metabolic syndrome by ameliorating inflammation and mediating cholesterol metabolism in high-fat-high-fructose diet mice, which indicated its potential anti-atherosclerosis bioactivity. In the present study, administration with sea cucumber-derived sterol sulfate (SCS) significantly decreased the cholesterol level in oleic acid/palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells, while no significant changes were observed in the triacylglycerol level. RNA-seq analysis showed that the metabolic changes were mostly attributed to the steroid biosynthesis pathway. ApoE-/- mice were used as an atherosclerosis model to further investigate the regulation of SCS on cholesterol metabolism. The results showed that SCS supplementation dramatically reduced atherosclerotic lesions by 45% and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 59% compared with the model group. Dietary SCS inhibited hepatic cholesterol synthesis via downregulating SREBP-2 and HMGCR. Meanwhile, SCS administration increased cholesterol uptake via enhancing the expression of Vldlr and Ldlr. Noticeably, SCS supplementation altered bile acid profiles in the liver, serum, gallbladder and feces, which might cause the activation of FXR in the liver. These findings provided new evidence about the high bioactivity of sterols with the sulfate group on atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhen-Jing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Hao-Hao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Chang-Hu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. and Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Rong Huang
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Department of Food Science, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Teruyoshi Yanagita
- Laboratory of Nutrition Biochemistry, Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Saga 8408502, Japan
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. and Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
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29
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Wang F, Zhao C, Tian G, Wei X, Ma Z, Cui J, Wei R, Bao Y, Kong W, Zheng J. Naringin Alleviates Atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- Mice by Regulating Cholesterol Metabolism Involved in Gut Microbiota Remodeling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12651-12660. [PMID: 33107729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Naringin, a major flavonoid in citrus, has potential for preventing atherosclerosis. The presence in the colon of a large amount of naringin after oral intake might affect the gut microbiota. We investigated the role of gut microbiota remodeling in the alleviation of atherosclerosis by naringin. Naringin significantly alleviated atherosclerosis and lowered the serum and liver cholesterol levels by 24.04 and 28.37% in ApoE-/- mice fed with a high-fat diet. Nontarget metabolomics showed that naringin modulated the hepatic levels of cholesterol derivatives and bile acids. Naringin increased the excretion of bile acids and neutral sterols by 1.6- and 4.3-fold, respectively. The main potential pathway by which naringin alleviated atherosclerosis was the gut microbiota-liver-cholesterol axis. Naringin modulated the abundances of bile salt hydrolase- and 7α-dehydroxylase-producing bacteria, promoting bile acid synthesis from cholesterol by upregulating CYP7A1 via suppression of the FXR/FGF15 pathway. In addition, naringin facilitated reverse cholesterol transport by downregulating PCSK9/IDOL. The results provide insight into the atherosclerosis-alleviation mechanisms of citrus flavonoids and a scientific basis for the development of functional foods containing citrus flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chengying Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guifang Tian
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xue Wei
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiefen Cui
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rujun Wei
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Bao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinkai Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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