1
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Ni S, Zhou F, Zhang W, Ma J. Dehydrative Alkylation of Phenols with Alcohols via Formation of Triflate. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9861-9866. [PMID: 38917459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
An efficient synergistic trityl cation ([Ph3C][B(C6F5)4])/triflic anhydride (Tf2O) catalyzed alkylation of phenols with alcohols is reported. Benefiting from the formation of the triflate in situ, cheap and readily available active alcohols can be used as the alkylating reagents, and the reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions with a broad substrate scope. This protocol enables the synthesis of ortho-selective phenols and 2,4,6-trisubstitued phenols containing three different alkyl groups. tert-Amyl triflate was synthesized, and mechanistic studies support a triflate-mediated alkylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ni
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Shandong 277160, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyan Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Shandong 277160, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Shandong 277160, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Shandong 277160, People's Republic of China
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2
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Komarova K, Vinogradova L, Lukin A, Zhuravlev M, Deniskin D, Chudinov M, Gureev M, Dogonadze M, Zabolotnykh N, Vinogradova T, Lavrova A, Yablonskiy P. The Nitrofuran-Warhead-Equipped Spirocyclic Azetidines Show Excellent Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecules 2024; 29:3071. [PMID: 38999023 PMCID: PMC11243650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of 21 new 7'H-spiro[azetidine-3,5'-furo [3,4-d]pyrimidine]s substituted at the pyrimidine ring second position were synthesized. The compounds showed high antibacterial in vitro activity against M. tuberculosis. Two compounds had lower minimum inhibitory concentrations against Mtb (H37Rv strain) compared with isoniazid. The novel spirocyclic scaffold shows excellent properties for anti-tuberculosis drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Komarova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyubov Vinogradova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Lukin
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Zhuravlev
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Deniskin
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Chudinov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Gureev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave 4, 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marine Dogonadze
- Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Zabolotnykh
- Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Vinogradova
- Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Lavrova
- Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Sophya Kovalevskaya North-West Mathematical Research Center, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Petr Yablonskiy
- Department of Hospital Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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3
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Mbaba M, Golding TM, Omondi RO, Mohunlal R, Egan TJ, Reader J, Birkholtz LM, Smith GS. Exploring the modulatory influence on the antimalarial activity of amodiaquine using scaffold hybridisation with ferrocene integration. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116429. [PMID: 38663284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Amodiaquine (AQ) is a potent antimalarial drug used in combination with artesunate as part of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for malarial treatment. Due to the rising emergence of resistant malaria parasites, some of which have been reported for ACT, the usefulness of AQ as an efficacious therapeutic drug is threatened. Employing the organometallic hybridisation approach, which has been shown to restore the antimalarial activity of chloroquine in the form of an organometallic hybrid clinical candidate ferroquine (FQ), the present study utilises this strategy to modulate the biological performance of AQ by incorporating ferrocene. Presently, we have conceptualised ferrocenyl AQ derivatives and have developed facile, practical routes for their synthesis. A tailored library of AQ derivatives was assembled and their antimalarial activity evaluated against chemosensitive (NF54) and multidrug-resistant (K1) strains of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. The compounds generally showed enhanced or comparable activities to those of the reference clinical drugs chloroquine and AQ, against both strains, with higher selectivity for the sensitive phenotype, mostly in the double-digit nanomolar IC50 range. Moreover, representative compounds from this series show the potential to block malaria transmission by inhibiting the growth of stage II/III and V gametocytes in vitro. Preliminary mechanistic insights also revealed hemozoin inhibition as a potential mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mziyanda Mbaba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Taryn M Golding
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Reinner O Omondi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Roxanne Mohunlal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Timothy J Egan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Janette Reader
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Lyn-Marie Birkholtz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Gregory S Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa.
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4
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Hikaambo CN, Shakela N, Woodland JG, Wicht KJ, Chibale K. Drug discovery in Africa tackles zoonotic and related infections. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadj0035. [PMID: 37851825 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Zoonotic and related infections pose an enormous health threat to the world's second-most populous continent. Despite the challenges faced by drug discovery scientists in Africa, recent progress toward identifying potential medicines across diverse disease areas is a cause for optimism and an indicator of progress in African-led scientific initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christabel N Hikaambo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natalia Shakela
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - John G Woodland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Kathryn J Wicht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
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5
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Lukin A, Komarova K, Vinogradova L, Dogonadze M, Vinogradova T, Yablonsky P, Kazantsev A, Krasavin M. Periphery Exploration around 2,6-Diazaspiro[3.4]Octane Core Identifies a Potent Nitrofuran Antitubercular Lead. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062529. [PMID: 36985501 PMCID: PMC10056547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A small set of twelve compounds of a nitrofuran carboxamide chemotype was elaborated from a readily available 2,6-diazaspiro[3.4]octane building block, exploring diverse variants of the molecular periphery, including various azole substituents. The in vitro inhibitory activities of the synthesized compounds were assessed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. As a result, a remarkably potent antitubercular lead displaying a minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.016 μg/mL was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Lukin
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kristina Komarova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyubov Vinogradova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marine Dogonadze
- Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 2-4 Ligovsky Prospekt, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Vinogradova
- Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 2-4 Ligovsky Prospekt, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Piotr Yablonsky
- Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 2-4 Ligovsky Prospekt, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Kazantsev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, 198504 Peterhof, Russia
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, 198504 Peterhof, Russia
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Correspondence:
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6
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Imlay LS, Lawong AK, Gahalawat S, Kumar A, Xing C, Mittal N, Wittlin S, Churchyard A, Niederstrasser H, Crespo-Fernandez B, Posner BA, Gamo FJ, Baum J, Winzeler EA, LALEU B, Ready JM, Phillips MA. Fast-Killing Tyrosine Amide (( S)-SW228703) with Blood- and Liver-Stage Antimalarial Activity Associated with the Cyclic Amine Resistance Locus ( PfCARL). ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:527-539. [PMID: 36763526 PMCID: PMC10053980 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Current malaria treatments are threatened by drug resistance, and new drugs are urgently needed. In a phenotypic screen for new antimalarials, we identified (S)-SW228703 ((S)-SW703), a tyrosine amide with asexual blood and liver stage activity and a fast-killing profile. Resistance to (S)-SW703 is associated with mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum cyclic amine resistance locus (PfCARL) and P. falciparum acetyl CoA transporter (PfACT), similarly to several other compounds that share features such as fast activity and liver-stage activity. Compounds with these resistance mechanisms are thought to act in the ER, though their targets are unknown. The tyramine of (S)-SW703 is shared with some reported PfCARL-associated compounds; however, we observed that strict S-stereochemistry was required for the activity of (S)-SW703, suggesting differences in the mechanism of action or binding mode. (S)-SW703 provides a new chemical series with broad activity for multiple life-cycle stages and a fast-killing mechanism of action, available for lead optimization to generate new treatments for malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah S. Imlay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Aloysus K. Lawong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Suraksha Gahalawat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Chao Xing
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Nimisha Mittal
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alisje Churchyard
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hanspeter Niederstrasser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | | | - Bruce A. Posner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | | | - Jake Baum
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. Winzeler
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Benoît LALEU
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, 1215 Geneva 15, Switzerland
| | - Joseph M. Ready
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Margaret A. Phillips
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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7
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Piperine Enhances the Antimalarial Activity of Curcumin in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-Infected Mice: A Novel Approach for Malaria Prophylaxis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7897163. [PMID: 36106028 PMCID: PMC9467801 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7897163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a prevalent vector-borne infectious disease in tropical regions, particularly in the absence of effective vaccines and because of the emergence resistance of Plasmodium to available antimalarial drugs. An alternative strategy for malaria eradication could be the combination of existing compounds that possess antimalarial activity to target multiple stages of the parasite. This study evaluated the antimalarial activity of a combination of curcumin and piperine in mice. A total of 42 mice were assigned to six groups depending on the treatment administered: group I (normal group) with aquadest; group II (negative control) with 0.2 ml DMSO; group III received a standard malarial drug (artesunate 5 mg/kg BW); groups IV, V, and VI with curcumin 300 mg/kg BW, curcumin 300 mg/kg BW and piperine 20 mg/kg BW, and piperine 20 mg/kg BW, respectively. The antimalarial activity was evaluated using prophylactic assays in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice, including the percentage parasitemia, clinical signs, survival rate, serum biochemical analysis, parasitic load in the liver, and liver histopathology. All treatments showed significant (p < 0.05) antiplasmodial activity, with considerable parasite inhibition (>50%), curcumin 300 mg/kg BW (60.22%), curcumin 300 mg/kg BW, and piperine 20 mg/kg BW (77.94%) except for piperine 20 mg/kg BW (47.20%), eliciting greater inhibition relative to that of artesunate (51.18%). The delayed onset of clinical symptoms and prolonged survival rate were also significant (p < 0.05) in the combination of curcumin and piperine treated group. In addition, the low parasitic load in the liver and mild histopathological changes in the liver suggest that the combination of curcumin and piperine had synergistic or additive effects. These findings demonstrate the promising use of these combined compounds as a malarial prophylactic. Further studies were recommended to assess their clinical usefulness.
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8
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Fostering drug discovery and development in Africa. Nat Med 2022; 28:1523-1526. [PMID: 35840729 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01885-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Govender P, Müller R, Singh K, Reddy V, Eyermann CJ, Fienberg S, Ghorpade SR, Koekemoer L, Myrick A, Schnappinger D, Engelhart C, Meshanni J, Byl JAW, Osheroff N, Singh V, Chibale K, Basarab GS. Spiropyrimidinetrione DNA Gyrase Inhibitors with Potent and Selective Antituberculosis Activity. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6903-6925. [PMID: 35500229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New antibiotics with either a novel mode of action or novel mode of inhibition are urgently needed to overcome the threat of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). The present study profiles new spiropyrimidinetriones (SPTs), DNA gyrase inhibitors having activity against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB. While the clinical candidate zoliflodacin has progressed to phase 3 trials for the treatment of gonorrhea, compounds herein demonstrated higher inhibitory potency against Mtb DNA gyrase (e.g., compound 42 with IC50 = 2.0) and lower Mtb minimum inhibitor concentrations (0.49 μM for 42). Notably, 42 and analogues showed selective Mtb activity relative to representative Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. DNA gyrase inhibition was shown to involve stabilization of double-cleaved DNA, while on-target activity was supported by hypersensitivity against a gyrA hypomorph. Finally, a docking model for SPTs with Mtb DNA gyrase was developed, and a structural hypothesis was built for structure-activity relationship expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preshendren Govender
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Rudolf Müller
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Kawaljit Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Virsinha Reddy
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Charles J Eyermann
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Stephen Fienberg
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Sandeep R Ghorpade
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Lizbé Koekemoer
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D) South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Alissa Myrick
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D) South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Dirk Schnappinger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Curtis Engelhart
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jaclynn Meshanni
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jo Ann W Byl
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| | - Vinayak Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa.,Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D) South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa.,Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D) South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Gregory S Basarab
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa.,Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7935, South Africa
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10
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Oral Administration of Piperine as Curative and Prophylaxis Reduces Parasitaemia in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-Infected Mice. J Trop Med 2022; 2022:5721449. [PMID: 35360190 PMCID: PMC8964209 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5721449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains a public health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. Consequently, the discovery of novel agents, including substances from medicinal plants, is urgently needed. Piper nigrum has long been used by the community in the treatment of the symptoms of malaria. In a previous study, Piper nigrum was demonstrated to exhibit promising antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and INDO strains. The aim of this study was to further investigate the antimalarial activity (curative and prophylactic) of piperine (a major isolated constituent of Piper nigrum) in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice. Piperine 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg body weight (bw), artesunate 5 mg/kg bw, and DMSO were administered orally for four days to different groups of Swiss Webster mice. Then, mice were monitored for parasitaemia, body weight, rectal temperature, survival rate, and clinical parameters. Piperine 40 mg/kg bw in curative and prophylactic tests had the maximum parasitaemia chemosuppression of 79.21% and 58.8% (p < 0.05), respectively, with a significant effect on the survival rate compared with control animals. In the curative test, piperine 40 mg/kg bw reduced the mean clinical score compared with the control group. Additionally, piperine showed an ability to protect organs (lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys) from some damage in a dose-dependent manner. This study can be used as a basis for further discovery of novel chemotherapeutic or chemoprophylactic compounds.
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11
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Consalvi S, Tammaro C, Appetecchia F, Biava M, Poce G. Malaria transmission blocking compounds: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:649-666. [PMID: 35240899 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2049239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite substantial progress in the field, malaria remains a global health issue and currently available control strategies are not sufficient to achieve eradication. Agents able to prevent transmission are likely to have a strong impact on malaria control and have been prioritized as a primary objective to reduce the number of secondary infections. Therefore, there is an increased interest in finding novel drugs targeting sexual stages of Plasmodium and innovative methods to target malaria transmission from host to vector, and vice versa. AREAS COVERED This review covers innovative transmission-blocking inventions patented between 2015 and October 2021. The focus is on chemical interventions which could be used as "chemical vaccines" to prevent transmission (small molecules, carbohydrates, and polypeptides). EXPERT OPINION Even though the development of novel strategies to block transmission still requires fundamental additional research and a deeper understanding of parasite sexual stages biology, the research in this field has significantly accelerated. Among innovative inventions patented over the last six years, the surface-delivery of antimalarial drugs to kill transmission-stages parasites in mosquitoes holds the highest promise for success in malaria control strategies, opening completely new scenarios in malaria transmission-blocking drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Consalvi
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Tammaro
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Appetecchia
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Biava
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Poce
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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12
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Keita A, Franetich JF, Carraz M, Valentin L, Bordessoules M, Baron L, Bigeard P, Dupuy F, Geay V, Tefit M, Sarrasin V, Michel S, Lavazec C, Houzé S, Mazier D, Soulard V, Porée FH, Duval R. Potent Antiplasmodial Derivatives of Dextromethorphan Reveal the Ent-Morphinan Pharmacophore of Tazopsine-Type Alkaloids. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:372. [PMID: 35214104 PMCID: PMC8876632 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The alkaloid tazopsine 1 was introduced in the late 2000s as a novel antiplasmodial hit compound active against Plasmodium falciparum hepatic stages, with the potential to develop prophylactic drugs based on this novel chemical scaffold. However, the structural determinants of tazopsine 1 bioactivity, together with the exact definition of the pharmacophore, remained elusive, impeding further development. We found that the antitussive drug dextromethorphan (DXM) 3, although lacking the complex pattern of stereospecific functionalization of the natural hit, was harboring significant antiplasmodial activity in vitro despite suboptimal prophylactic activity in a murine model of malaria, precluding its direct repurposing against the disease. The targeted N-alkylation of nor-DXM 15 produced a small library of analogues with greatly improved activity over DXM 3 against P. falciparum asexual stages. Amongst these, N-2'-pyrrolylmethyl-nor-DXM 16i showed a 2- to 36-fold superior inhibitory potency compared to tazopsine 1 and DXM 3 against P. falciparum liver and blood stages, with respectively 760 ± 130 nM and 2.1 ± 0.4 μM IC50 values, as well as liver/blood phase selectivity of 2.8. Furthermore, cpd. 16i showed a 5- to 8-fold increase in activity relative to DXM 3 against P. falciparum stages I-II and V gametocytes, with 18.5 μM and 13.2 μM IC50 values, respectively. Cpd. 16i can thus be considered a promising novel hit compound against malaria in the ent-morphinan series with putative pan cycle activity, paving the way for further therapeutic development (e.g., investigation of its prophylactic activity in vivo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Keita
- UMR 261—MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; (A.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Jean-François Franetich
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
| | - Maëlle Carraz
- UMR 152 Pharma-Dev, IRD, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France;
| | - Loïse Valentin
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
- Biopredic International, Parc d’Affaires de la Bretèche, Bldg A4, 35760 Saint-Grégoire, France
| | - Mallaury Bordessoules
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
| | - Ludivine Baron
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
| | - Pierre Bigeard
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
| | - Florian Dupuy
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France; (F.D.); (C.L.)
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Valentine Geay
- UMR 8038—CiTCoM, CNRS, Université de Paris, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; (V.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Maurel Tefit
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
| | - Véronique Sarrasin
- CNR du Paludisme, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, 46 Rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France;
| | - Sylvie Michel
- UMR 8038—CiTCoM, CNRS, Université de Paris, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; (V.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Catherine Lavazec
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France; (F.D.); (C.L.)
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Houzé
- UMR 261—MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; (A.K.); (S.H.)
- CNR du Paludisme, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, 46 Rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France;
| | - Dominique Mazier
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
| | - Valérie Soulard
- Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (J.-F.F.); (L.V.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (P.B.); (M.T.); (D.M.); (V.S.)
| | - François-Hugues Porée
- ISCR UMR CNRS 6226, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Romain Duval
- UMR 261—MERIT, IRD, Université de Paris, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; (A.K.); (S.H.)
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Sharma N, Kashif M, Singh V, Fontinha D, Mukherjee B, Kumar D, Singh S, Prudencio M, Singh AP, Rathi B. Novel Antiplasmodial Compounds Leveraged with Multistage Potency against the Parasite Plasmodium falciparum: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations and Pharmacokinetic Studies. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8666-8683. [PMID: 34124905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyethylamine (HEA)-based novel compounds were synthesized and their activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 was assessed, identifying a few hits without any apparent toxicity. Hits 5c and 5d also exhibited activity against resistant field strains, PfRKL-9 and PfC580Y. A single dose, 50 mg/Kg, of hits administered to the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei ANKA exhibited up to 70% reduction in the parasite load. Compound 5d tested in combination with artesunate produced an additional antiparasitic effect with a prolonged survival period. Additionally, compound 5d showed 50% inhibition against hepatic P. berghei infection at 1.56 ± 0.56 μM concentration. This compound also considerably delayed the progression of transmission stages, ookinete and oocyst. Furthermore, the toxicity of 5d assessed in mice supported the normal liver and kidney functions. Altogether, HEA analogues (5a-m), particularly 5d, are nontoxic multistage antiplasmodial agents with therapeutic and transmission-blocking efficacy, along with favorable preliminary pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Laboratory for Translational Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College University Enclave, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mohammad Kashif
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Vigyasa Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Diana Fontinha
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Budhaditya Mukherjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Miguel Prudencio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Agam P Singh
- Infectious Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Brijesh Rathi
- Laboratory for Translational Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College University Enclave, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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