1
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Cho HH, Congrave DG, Gillett AJ, Montanaro S, Francis HE, Riesgo-Gonzalez V, Ye J, Chowdury R, Zeng W, Etherington MK, Royakkers J, Millington O, Bond AD, Plasser F, Frost JM, Grey CP, Rao A, Friend RH, Greenham NC, Bronstein H. Suppression of Dexter transfer by covalent encapsulation for efficient matrix-free narrowband deep blue hyperfluorescent OLEDs. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:519-526. [PMID: 38480865 PMCID: PMC10990937 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Hyperfluorescence shows great promise for the next generation of commercially feasible blue organic light-emitting diodes, for which eliminating the Dexter transfer to terminal emitter triplet states is key to efficiency and stability. Current devices rely on high-gap matrices to prevent Dexter transfer, which unfortunately leads to overly complex devices from a fabrication standpoint. Here we introduce a molecular design where ultranarrowband blue emitters are covalently encapsulated by insulating alkylene straps. Organic light-emitting diodes with simple emissive layers consisting of pristine thermally activated delayed fluorescence hosts doped with encapsulated terminal emitters exhibit negligible external quantum efficiency drops compared with non-doped devices, enabling a maximum external quantum efficiency of 21.5%. To explain the high efficiency in the absence of high-gap matrices, we turn to transient absorption spectroscopy. It is directly observed that Dexter transfer from a pristine thermally activated delayed fluorescence sensitizer host can be substantially reduced by an encapsulated terminal emitter, opening the door to highly efficient 'matrix-free' blue hyperfluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan-Hee Cho
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel G Congrave
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Stephanie Montanaro
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Haydn E Francis
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Víctor Riesgo-Gonzalez
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Junzhi Ye
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Weixuan Zeng
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc K Etherington
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jeroen Royakkers
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Millington
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Clare P Grey
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Akshay Rao
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Neil C Greenham
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Hugo Bronstein
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Abumelha HM, Alharbi H, Abualnaja MM, Alsharief HH, Ashour GR, Saad FA, El-Metwaly NM. Preparation of fluorescent ink using perylene-encapsulated silica nanoparticles toward authentication of documents. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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3
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Pecorario S, Royakkers J, Scaccabarozzi AD, Pallini F, Beverina L, Bronstein H, Caironi M. Effects of Molecular Encapsulation on the Photophysical and Charge Transport Properties of a Naphthalene Diimide Bithiophene Copolymer. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:8324-8335. [PMID: 36186667 PMCID: PMC9520976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Engineering the molecular structure of conjugated polymers is key to advancing the field of organic electronics. In this work, we synthesized a molecularly encapsulated version of the naphthalene diimide bithiophene copolymer PNDIT2, which is among the most popular high charge mobility organic semiconductors in n-type field-effect transistors and non-fullerene acceptors in organic photovoltaic blends. The encapsulating macrocycles shield the bithiophene units while leaving the naphthalene diimide units available for intermolecular interactions. With respect to PNDIT2, the encapsulated counterpart displays an increased backbone planarity. Molecular encapsulation prevents preaggregation of the polymer chains in common organic solvents, while it permits π-stacking in the solid state and promotes thin film crystallinity through an intermolecular-lock mechanism. Consequently, n-type semiconducting behavior is retained in field-effect transistors, although charge mobility is lower than in PNDIT2 due to the absence of the fibrillar microstructure that originates from preaggregation in solution. Hence, molecularly encapsulating conjugated polymers represent a promising chemical strategy to tune the molecular interaction in solution and the backbone conformation and to consequently control the nanomorphology of casted films without altering the electronic structure of the core polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pecorario
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milan 20133, Italy
- Department
of Energy, Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory—NanoLab, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Jeroen Royakkers
- Sensor
Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Alberto D. Scaccabarozzi
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Francesca Pallini
- Department
of Materials Science, Università
di Milano-Bicocca, via Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Beverina
- Department
of Materials Science, Università
di Milano-Bicocca, via Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Hugo Bronstein
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Mario Caironi
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milan 20133, Italy
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4
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Hussein Ali T, Mousa Mandal A, Alhasan A, Dehaen W. Surface fabrication of magnetic core-shell silica nanoparticles with perylene diimide as a fluorescent dye for nucleic acid visualization. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Yang F, Li R, Wei W, Ding X, Xu Z, Wang P, Wang G, Xu Y, Fu H, Zhao Y. Water‐Soluble Doubly‐Strapped Isolated Perylene Diimide Chromophore. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202491. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Ran Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xingwei Ding
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330038 P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Guo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
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6
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Yang F, Li R, Wei W, Ding X, Xu Z, Wang P, Wang G, Xu Y, Fu H, Zhao Y. Water‐Soluble Doubly‐Strapped Isolated Perylene Diimide Chromophore. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Ran Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xingwei Ding
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330038 P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Guo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Singapore
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7
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Functionalized polysiloxanes with perylene diimides and poly(ethylene glycol): Synthesis and properties. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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He Y, Mao C, Duan M, Fan L, Wang X, Cai Y, Du M, Hu M, Hu P, Cheng Q, Hu X. Rescuing the solid-state fluorescence of perylene diimide dyes by host–guest isolation. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01358d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A host molecule with an open and flexible backbone was synthesized and is capable of recognizing various perylene diimide dyes. The host exhibits unique universality in improving the solid-state fluorescence of perylene diimide dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Caihong Mao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Mingwan Duan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Linmeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Min Du
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Minli Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
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9
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Royakkers J, Guo K, Toolan DTW, Feng LW, Minotto A, Congrave DG, Danowska M, Zeng W, Bond AD, Al-Hashimi M, Marks TJ, Facchetti A, Cacialli F, Bronstein H. Molecular Encapsulation of Naphthalene Diimide (NDI) Based π-Conjugated Polymers: A Tool for Understanding Photoluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25005-25012. [PMID: 34519412 PMCID: PMC9297952 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers are an important class of chromophores for optoelectronic devices. Understanding and controlling their excited state properties, in particular, radiative and non‐radiative recombination processes are among the greatest challenges that must be overcome. We report the synthesis and characterization of a molecularly encapsulated naphthalene diimide‐based polymer, one of the most successfully used motifs, and explore its structural and optical properties. The molecular encapsulation enables a detailed understanding of the effect of interpolymer interactions. We reveal that the non‐encapsulated analogue P(NDI‐2OD‐T) undergoes aggregation enhanced emission; an effect that is suppressed upon encapsulation due to an increasing π‐interchain stacking distance. This suggests that decreasing π‐stacking distances may be an attractive method to enhance the radiative properties of conjugated polymers in contrast to the current paradigm where it is viewed as a source of optical quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Royakkers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Kunping Guo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LCN, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Daniel T W Toolan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Alessandro Minotto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LCN, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Daniel G Congrave
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Magda Danowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Weixuan Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Mohammed Al-Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Franco Cacialli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LCN, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Hugo Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
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10
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Royakkers J, Guo K, Toolan DTW, Feng L, Minotto A, Congrave DG, Danowska M, Zeng W, Bond AD, Al‐Hashimi M, Marks TJ, Facchetti A, Cacialli F, Bronstein H. Molecular Encapsulation of Naphthalene Diimide (NDI) Based π‐Conjugated Polymers: A Tool for Understanding Photoluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Royakkers
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Kunping Guo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LCN University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Daniel T. W. Toolan
- Department of Chemistry University of Sheffield Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Liang‐Wen Feng
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan road Evanston IL 60208-3113 USA
| | - Alessandro Minotto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LCN University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Daniel G. Congrave
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Magda Danowska
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Weixuan Zeng
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Mohammed Al‐Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University at Qatar P.O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan road Evanston IL 60208-3113 USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan road Evanston IL 60208-3113 USA
| | - Franco Cacialli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LCN University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Hugo Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
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11
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Ahrens L, Tverskoy O, Weigold S, Ganschow M, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. (Aza)Pentacenes Clipped into a Ring: Stabilization of Large (Aza)Acenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Ahrens
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Svenja Weigold
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Ganschow
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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12
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Ahrens L, Tverskoy O, Weigold S, Ganschow M, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. (Aza)Pentacenes Clipped into a Ring: Stabilization of Large (Aza)Acenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9270-9273. [PMID: 33259123 PMCID: PMC8247972 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A doubly alkylene bridged 6,13‐diphenylpentacene and analogously bridged azapentacenes were prepared; they are persistent. The doubly bridged azapentacenes display superior photochemical, oxidative and thermal stabilities compared to azapentacenes protected by bis(TIPS‐ethynyl)‐substituents—clipping an azaacene into a large ring is a viable complement in stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Ahrens
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svenja Weigold
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Ganschow
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Congrave DG, Drummond BH, Gray V, Bond AD, Rao A, Friend RH, Bronstein H. Suppressing aggregation induced quenching in anthracene based conjugated polymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00118c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate an anthracene based conjugated polymer with a solid state PLQY that is effectively unchanged compared to solution measurements, alongside an identical PL 0–0 transition wavelength in solution and thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor Gray
- Cavendish Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Akshay Rao
- Cavendish Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | | | - Hugo Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
- Cavendish Laboratory
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14
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Raul BAL, Luponosov YN, Yang W, Surin NM, Douhéret O, Min J, Jansen TLC, Ponomarenko SA, Pshenichnikov MS. Excited state dynamics and exciton diffusion in triphenylamine/dicyanovinyl push-pull small molecule for organic optoelectronics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21198. [PMID: 33273567 PMCID: PMC7713310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triphenylamine-based small push–pull molecules have recently attracted substantial research attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Here, we investigate the excited state de-excitation dynamics and exciton diffusion in TPA-T-DCV-Ph-F small molecule, having simple chemical structure with asymmetrical architecture and end-capped with electron-withdrawing p-fluorodicyanovinyl group. The excited state lifetime in diluted solutions (0.04 ns in toluene and 0.4 ns in chloroform) are found to be surprisingly shorter compared to the solid state (3 ns in PMMA matrix). Time-dependent density functional theory indicates that this behavior originates from non-radiative relaxation of the excited state through a conical intersection between the ground and singlet excited state potential energy surfaces. Exciton diffusion length of ~ 16 nm in solution processed films was retrieved by employing time-resolved photoluminescence volume quenching measurements with Monte Carlo simulations. As means of investigating the device performance of TPA-T-DCV-Ph-F, we manufactured solution and vacuum processed bulk heterojunction solar cells that yielded efficiencies of ~ 1.5% and ~ 3.7%, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that the short lifetime in solutions does not hinder per se long exciton diffusion length in films thereby granting applications of TPA-T-DCV-Ph-F and similar push–pull molecules in vacuum and solution processable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedito A L Raul
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yuriy N Luponosov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 70, Moscow, 117393, Russia.,Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Wenyan Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan City, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Nikolay M Surin
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 70, Moscow, 117393, Russia
| | - Olivier Douhéret
- Materia Nova R&D Center, Avenue Nicolas Copernic 3, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan City, 430072, Hubei Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Thomas L C Jansen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sergei A Ponomarenko
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 70, Moscow, 117393, Russia.,Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maxim S Pshenichnikov
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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15
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Merz J, Dietrich L, Nitsch J, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Moos M, Mims D, Lambert C, Marder TB. Synthesis, Photophysical and Electronic Properties of Mono-, Di-, and Tri-Amino-Substituted Ortho-Perylenes, and Comparison to the Tetra-Substituted Derivative. Chemistry 2020; 26:12050-12059. [PMID: 32329914 PMCID: PMC7540539 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a series of new mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-substituted perylene derivatives with strong bis(para-methoxyphenyl)amine (DPA) donors at the uncommon 2,5,8,11-positions. The properties of our new donor-substituted perylenes were studied in detail to establish a structure-property relationship. Interesting trends and unusual properties are observed for this series of new perylene derivatives, such as a decreasing charge transfer (CT) character with increasing number of DPA moieties and individual reversible oxidations for each DPA moiety. Thus, (DPA)-Per possesses one reversible oxidation while (DPA)4 -Per has four. The mono- and di-substituted derivatives display unusually large Stokes shifts not previously reported for perylenes. Furthermore, transient absorption measurements of the new derivatives reveal an excited state with lifetimes of several hundred microseconds, which sensitizes singlet oxygen with quantum yields of up to 0.83.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Merz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry &, Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Lena Dietrich
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry &, Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry &, Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry &, Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry &, Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - David Mims
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry &, Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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16
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Mahl M, Shoyama K, Krause AM, Schmidt D, Würthner F. Base-Assisted Imidization: A Synthetic Method for the Introduction of Bulky Imide Substituents to Control Packing and Optical Properties of Naphthalene and Perylene Imides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13401-13405. [PMID: 32364327 PMCID: PMC7496529 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the direct imidization of naphthalene and perylene dicarboxylic anhydrides/esters with bulky ortho,ortho‐diaryl‐ and ortho,ortho‐dialkynylaniline derivatives. This imidization method uses n‐butyllithium as a strong base to increase the reactivity of bulky amine derivatives, proceeds under mild reaction conditions, requires only stoichiometric amounts of reactants and gives straightforward access to new sterically crowded rylene dicarboximides. Mechanistic investigations suggest an isoimide as intermediary product, which was converted to the corresponding imide upon addition of an aqueous base. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses reveal dimeric packing motifs for monoimides, while two‐side shielded bisimides crystallize in isolated molecules without close π–π‐interactions. Spectroscopic investigations disclose the influence of the bulky substituents on the optical properties in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Mahl
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ana-Maria Krause
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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17
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Chi C, Anderson HL, Swager TM. Editorial for the Special Issue on Functional Organic Materials. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1-3. [PMID: 31896260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore
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18
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Mahl M, Shoyama K, Krause A, Schmidt D, Würthner F. Base‐Assisted Imidization: A Synthetic Method for the Introduction of Bulky Imide Substituents to Control Packing and Optical Properties of Naphthalene and Perylene Imides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Mahl
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Ana‐Maria Krause
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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