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Moschetto S, Bolognesi M, Prescimone F, Brucale M, Mezzi A, Ortolani L, Caporali M, Pingue P, Serrano-Ruiz M, Pisignano D, Peruzzini M, Persano L, Toffanin S. Large-Area Oxidized Phosphorene Nanoflakes Obtained by Electrospray for Energy-Harvesting Applications. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3476-3485. [PMID: 35874274 PMCID: PMC9301623 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.0c03465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bidimensional (2D) materials are nowadays being developed as outstanding candidates for electronic and optoelectronic components and devices. Targeted applications include sensing, energy conversion, and storage. Phosphorene is one of the most promising systems in this context, but its high reactivity under atmospheric conditions and its small-area/lab-scale deposition techniques have hampered the introduction of this material in real-world applications so far. However, phosphorene oxides in the form of low-dimensional structures (2D PO x ) should behave as an electroresponsive material according to recent theoretical studies. In the present work, we introduce electrospraying for the deposition of stoichiometric and large-area 2D PO x nanoflakes starting from a suspension of liquid-phase-exfoliated phosphorene. We obtained 2D PO x nanostructures with a mean surface area two orders of magnitude larger than phosphorene structures obtained with standard mechanical and liquid exfoliation techniques. X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution electron microscopy confirmed the P2O5-like crystallographic structure of the electrosprayed flakes. Finally, we experimentally demonstrated for the first time the electromechanical responsivity of the 2D P2O5 nanoflakes, through piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). This work sheds light on the possible implementation of phosphorus oxide-based 2D nanomaterials in the value chain of fabrication and engineering of devices, which might be easily scaled up for energy-harvesting/conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Moschetto
- Istituto
per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)—Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Margherita Bolognesi
- Istituto
per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)—Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Prescimone
- Istituto
per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)—Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Brucale
- Istituto
per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)—Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio Mezzi
- Istituto
per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)—Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), P.O.
Box 10, Monterotondo Scalo, I-00016 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Ortolani
- Istituto
per la microelettronica e microsistemi (IMM)—Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Caporali
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM)—Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Pasqualantonio Pingue
- Laboratorio
NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto
Nanoscienze—Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM)—Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- Laboratorio
NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto
Nanoscienze—Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM)—Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Luana Persano
- Laboratorio
NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto
Nanoscienze—Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Toffanin
- Istituto
per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)—Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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